1160:(see Family), a continuation was published only after Šafáriks death in Prague in 1865; a Russian, German and Polish translation followed immediately; the main book describes the origin, settlements, localisation and historic events of the Slavs on the basis of an extensive collection of material; inspired by Herder's opinions, he refused to consider the Slavs as Slaves and barbarian as was frequent at that time especially in German literature; he states that all Slavs have a common ethnicity under old name of Serbs/Sorabs and that before they were known as Veneti/Wends and Illiryans; the book substantially influenced the view of the Slavs, however not enough to change the theory of Slavic migrations to central Europe from Asia
784:
1275:
1079:
135:
1589:
409:
25:
834:. In 1824 he had to renounce the post of headmaster because the Austrian government prohibited the Serbian Orthodox Church from employing Protestants from the Kingdom of Hungary. This caused Šafárik, who had to finance his newly arisen family, to lose a substantial source of income. He therefore tried to find a teaching position in his native country, but for various reasons he did not succeed. In Novi Sad he studied
1626:
1189:. As he demonstrates: all Slavs were once called Serbs/Sorabs and prior to that Illyrians. Hence, once one nation divided into smaller tribes which later formed countries, two tribes kept their original name: Lusatian Serbs (today a minority in Germany) and Balkan Serbs who live on territories of modern-day Serbia, Montenegro, Bosnia and Hercegovina and parts of Croatia
368:, and supported Šafárik in his scientific work. In Novi Sad, they also had three daughters (Ľudmila, Milena, Božena) and two sons (Mladen Svatopluk, Vojtěch), but the first two daughters and the first son died shortly after their birth. Upon Šafárik's arrival in Prague, they had 6 more children, out of which one died shortly after its birth.
874:, but again without success. In 1833, with the help of Ján Kollár and on invitation of influential friends in Prague who promised to finance him, he went to Prague, where he spent the remainder of his life. During his entire stay in Prague, especially in the 1840s, his very existence depended on the 380
486:
When, at the age of 7, his father showed him only one alphabet, he by himself hands down learned to read, and from then on he was always sitting on the stove and was reading. By the age of eight, he had read the whole Bible twice and one of his favorite activities was preaching to his brothers and
337:
P.J. Šafárik had two elder brothers and one elder sister. One brother, Pavol Jozef as well, died before Šafárik was born. In 1813, after Katarína's death, Šafárik's father married the widow Rozália Drábová, although Šafárik and his brothers and sister were against this marriage. The local teacher
632:
He worked as a private tutor in the family of Dávid
Goldberger in Kežmarok between 1812 and 1814, which he also did one year after the end of his studies in Kežmarok. His mother died in late 1812 and his father remarried 6 months later. His first larger work was a volume of poems entitled
772:, with whom he had already exchanged letters before and who was also a tutor in Pressburg at that time. The town of Pressburg was a social and intellectual center of the Kingdom of Hungary at that time. In the spring of 1819, Šafárik befriended the important Slovak writer and politician
527:. Since the school in Rožňava specialized in Hungarian and the school in Dobšiná in German, and Šafárik was an excellent student and both schools had a good reputation, all prerequisites for a successful career were fulfilled as early as at the age of 15.
644:
published in 1814 (see Works). The poems were written in the old-fashioned standard of the
Moravian Protestant translation of the Bible that the Slovak Lutherans used in their publications with many elements from Slovak and some from Polish.
1559:
In addition to books, it published the journal
Serbski Letopis, founded two years earlier by Georgije Magarašević, Pavel Jozef Šafárik, and Lukijan Mušicki in Novi Sad, where Magarašević was professor and Šafárik the director of the Serbian
934:(1843) that replaced the previously used Lutheran standard which was closer to the Czech language (the Slovak Catholics used a different standard). Šafárik – as opposed to most of his Czech colleagues – always considered the
779:
Before he left for the southern territories of the
Kingdom of Hungary (present-day Serbia), Šafárik spent some time in Kobeliarovo and with his grandfather in Hanková. This was the last time Šafárik saw his native country.
984:
In 1856/57, as a result of persecution anxieties, overwork, and ill health, he became physically and mentally ill and burned most of his correspondence with important personalities (e.g. with Ján Kollár). In May 1860, his
878:
he received annually from his Czech friends under the condition which explicitly expressed František Palacký: "From now on, anything you write, you will write it in Czech only." Šafárik was an editor of the journal
1140:(1828, Buda) – aimed to be a reaction the Surowiecki's text, the text developed into a book on the homeland of the Slavs and challenges modern theory that Slavs were newcomers to Europe in 5th and 6th century AD.
522:
At that time, it was absolutely necessary for anyone who wanted to become a successful scientist in the
Kingdom of Hungary (which included today's Slovakia) to have a good command of Latin, German, and
993:
river, but he was saved. This event produced considerable sensation among the general public. In early
October 1860 he asked for retirement from his post as University Library head. The Austrian
818:
at Novi Sad. All other teachers at the gymnasium were Serbs, including novelist
Milovan Vidaković, who taught there at the same time as Šafárik. He himself taught mathematics, physics, logic,
953:
he was mainly collecting material for books on the oldest Slavic history. In 1848 he was made head of the
University Library of Prague and a masterful professor of Slavonic philology in the
957:, but resigned to the latter in 1849 and remained head of the university library only. The reason for this resignation was that during the Revolution of 1848–49 he participated at the
1185:; contains basic data on individual Slavic nations, settlements, languages, ethnic borders, and a map, on which the Slavs are formally considered one nation divided into Slavic
1544:
History of the
Literary Cultures of East-Central Europe: Junctures and disjunctures in the 19th and 20th centuries. Volume III: The making and remaking of literary institutions
478:(Gömör) characterized by attractive nature and rich Slovak culture. He gained his basic education from his father. As P. J. Šafárik's son Vojtech put it later in his book (see
792:
1726:
1716:
908:
1604:
725:. In Jena, which Šafárik liked very much, he mainly learned to apply scientific methods and found a lot of new friends. One of them was the important Slovak writer
1090:
in: Prvotiny pěkných umění (1817, ?) – inspired by Herder and other national literatures, he calls the
Slovaks, Moravians and Bohemians to collect folk songs
926:("Voices on the necessity of a united standard language for the Bohemians, Moravians and Slovaks") published by Ján Kollár in 1846, Šafárik moderately criticized
550:
students and his most important friend Ján Blahoslav Benedikti, with whom they together read texts of Slovak and Czech national revivalists, especially those of
1496:
1413:
765:
625:). The studies at this school were very important; since this was a largely German school, he was able to get a (partial) scholarship for a university in
830:(Hungarisation) by the authorities intensified, also in Hungarian. From 1821 onwards, he also worked as a tutor of the son of the nephew of Metropolitan
1134:(1826, Pest), – a huge encyclopedia-style book, the first attempt to give anything like a systematic account of the Slavonic languages as a whole.
997:
himself enabled him this in a letter written by his majesty himself and granted him a pension, which corresponded to Šafárik's previous full pay.
677:
375:(1831–1902) became an important chemist, Jaroslav (1833–1862) became a military doctor and later the supreme assistant at the Joseph Academy in
733:. Although he was an excellent student, Šafárik had to leave the University of Jena in May 1817 for unknown reasons (probably lack of money).
1706:
946:) but he advocated the use of Slovacized Czech ("Slovak style of the Czech language") as the only standard language among the Slovak people.
383:(1825–1888), a Czech literary historian, politician and a tutor in Šafarík's family. Vojtech wrote an interesting biography of his father –
89:
61:
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In 1816, he became a member of the Latin Society of Jena. 17 of Šafárik's poems written at this time (1815–16) appeared in the
75:
1721:
889:
of Czech publications, which he abandoned in 1847. Between 1838 and 1842 he was first editor, later conductor, of the journal
1552:
744:. In Prague, where he was searching for a tutor job, he spent one month and joined the literary circle, whose members were
57:
1166:(1839, Prague) – monuments of old Southern Slavic literature, which clearly states his views that Slavs are Illyrians
456:
108:
1503:
1420:
438:
1108:
Novi Graeci non uniti ritus gymnasii neoplate auspicia feliciter capta. Adnexa est oratio Pauli Josephi Schaffarik
657:, where he turned from a poet into a scientist. It was the wish of his father, who financed him, to study there.
931:
434:
46:
1181:(1842, 2 editions, Prague) , his second most important work, he sought to give a complete account of Slavonic
330:, where he was also born. His mother, Katarína Káresová (1764–1812) was born in a poor lower gentry family in
966:
1676:
1383:
958:
954:
950:
82:
1114:
Písně světské lidu slovenského v Uhřích. Sebrané a vydané od P. J. Šafárika, Jána Blahoslava a jiných. 1–2
589:, Latin style, comparative philosophy and history of the Kingdom of Hungary), politics and law (including
353:; 1803–1876), a highly intelligent member of Hungarian lower gentry born in 1803 in modern-day Serbia.
1671:
994:
808:
688:, was observing current literature and studied classical literature. While there he translated into
372:
1527:
1482:
1444:
823:
419:
1228:
875:
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was published. This book was the first attempt to give anything like a systematic account of the
423:
35:
831:
1711:
1173:
1152:(1837 + 1865, Prague) , his main work, the first bigger book on the culture and history of the
1101:
927:
769:
730:
1202:
807:(Újvidék), in the south of the Kingdom of Hungary, where he befriended the teacher and writer
1681:
1542:
1514:
1469:
1431:
870:
In 1832 he finally decided to leave Novi Sad and tried to find a teacher or librarian job in
1066:
1651:
1646:
970:
842:– books and manuscripts, which he used in Prague later. He also published a collection of
8:
1237:
986:
978:
839:
783:
515:. Since he did not have enough money to finance his studies, he continued his studies in
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859:
835:
815:
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796:
707:
654:
524:
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492:
307:
299:
268:
254:
191:
159:
745:
558:(also thanks to the excellent library of the lyceum), and started to show interest in
379:, Vladislav (born 1841) became a professional soldier, and Božena (born 1831) married
1701:
1548:
1274:
894:
843:
622:
163:
1577:
334:
and had several jobs in order to help the family in the poor region of Kobeliarovo.
1458:
1055:
974:
812:
665:
365:
361:
238:
1157:
787:
Portrait of Šafárik done by the vojvodinian Slovak painter Karol Miloslav Lehotský
380:
1144:
Serbische Lesekörner oder historisch-kritische Beleuchtung der serbischen Mundart
1125:
897:
Library. In Prague, he published most of his works, especially his greatest work
847:
773:
614:
559:
357:
346:
280:
230:
195:
749:
726:
1279:
1206:
1153:
912:
885:(1834–1835). In 1837 poverty compelled him to accept the uncongenial office of
871:
689:
673:
610:
551:
392:
246:
222:
200:
907:(selections from old Czech writers), which appeared under the auspices of the
1640:
1600:
1595:
1387:
1000:Šafárik died in 1861 in Prague and was buried in the evangelical cemetery in
827:
1078:
1328:
1297:
1041:
of the Kežmarok lyceum, on the occasion of his return from the war against
699:
606:
516:
504:
500:
327:
303:
1117:
924:
Hlasowé o potřebě jednoty spisowného jazyka pro Čechy, Morawany a Slowáky
901:("Slavonic Antiquities") in 1837. He also edited the first volume of the
722:
669:
618:
578:
574:
291:
168:
155:
881:
718:
535:
1342:
1199:
Juridisch – politische Terminologie der slawischen Sprachen Oesterreich
1146:(1833, Pest) – explanation of the character and development of Serbian
886:
761:
694:
566:
496:
345:(see below), P. J. Šafárik married 19-year-old Júlia Ambrózy de Séden (
323:
1334:
519:(Dobsina) for two years, because he could live there with his sister.
331:
134:
1182:
1097:
661:
555:
1579:
Pavel Josef Safarik v zivote i spisach: ke stoletym narozeninam jeho
1290:
1132:
Geschichte der slawischen Sprache und Literatur nach allen Mundarten
1061:– poems inspired by Classical, contemporaneous European literature (
1022:
1001:
856:
Geschichte der slawischen Sprache und Literatur nach allen Mundarten
408:
24:
1375:
1338:
1318:
1308:
1304:
1042:
819:
804:
602:
474:
Pavel spent his childhood in the region of Kobeliarovo in northern
342:
1594:
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the
1361:
1359:
760:
Between the summer of 1817 and June 1819, he worked as a tutor in
387:(What Šafárik said) – and the son of Božena and Jireček the study
1034:
962:
935:
737:
626:
582:
547:
311:
288:
212:
938:
a separate nation from the Czechs (e.g. explicitly in his works
721:
in Vienna and made Šafárik well known among the Slovaks and the
554:. He was also familiarized with classical literature and German
1625:
1540:
1356:
1215:(1851, Prague) – contains important Old Church Slavonic texts
1051:
1038:
990:
741:
685:
681:
636:
543:
539:
531:
376:
187:
1209:
members of a committee for Slavic legal terminology in Austria
1082:
Ethnographic map "Slavic lands," done by Pavel Šafařík in 1842
1314:
1030:
570:
508:
475:
1345:
majority. It was renamed "Šafárikovo" between 1948 and 1992.
1058:
640:
295:
811:. From 1819 to 1833 he was headmaster and teacher at the
1026:
973:), he lived a secluded life and studied especially older
969:
period following the defeat of the revolution (so-called
799:, which he needed in order to become headmaster of a new
838:
and antiquities, and he acquired many rare – especially
729:, and another one, Samuel Ferjenčík, introduced him to
702:(issued in the Časopis Českého musea in 1830) and the
326:
clergyman in Kobeliarovo and before that a teacher in
1582:. Tiskem a nʹakladem knihtiskʹarny Dra. Edv. Grʹegra.
1236:(1858, Prague) – here he accepted the view that the
1201:(Vienna, 1850) , a dictionary written together with
1547:. John Benjamins Publishing Company. pp. 41–.
565:He graduated from the following branches of study:
49:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1727:Participants of the Slavic Congress in Prague 1848
1541:Marcel Cornis-Pope; John Neubauer (18 July 2007).
1234:Über den Ursprung und die Heimat des Glagolitismus
1138:Über die Abkunft der Slawen nach Lorenz Surowiecki
1122:Národnie zpiewanky- Pisne swetské Slowáků v Uhrách
826:and classic literature in Latin, German, and when
755:
1638:
1394:
1170:Die ältesten Denkmäler der böhmischen Sprache...
1414:"Príspevok ku genealógii Pavla Jozefa Šafárika"
1366:Živan Milisavac (1971). Živan Milisavac (ed.).
1365:
1250:
1104:– deals with technical issues of poetry writing
1094:Počátkové českého básnictví, obzvláště prozodie
1717:Recipients of the Pour le Mérite (civil class)
911:in 1845. To this he prefixed a grammar of Old
1613:(11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.
768:. He also became a good friend of the Czech
499:school which was just changed into a middle
287:; 13 May 1795 – 26 June 1861) was an ethnic
752:, whom Šafárik thus got to know in person.
530:In 1810–1814 he studied at the Evangelical
437:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
322:His father Pavol Šafárik (1761–1831) was a
1315:Slovak cultural center Pavel Jozef Šafárik
1244:Geschichte der südslawischen Litteratur1–3
736:In 1817, on his way back home, he visited
469:
133:
1497:"Biografické kalendárium P . J. Šafárika"
1205:, Šafárik and Erben became – by order of
1050:(Levoča, 1814) [literally: 'The Muse of
457:Learn how and when to remove this message
109:Learn how and when to remove this message
1599:
1489:
1406:
1273:
1213:Památky dřevního pisemnictví Jihoslovanů
1156:, a second edition (1863) was edited by
1077:
1065:) and by Slovak traditions and legends (
782:
668:(lectures held by the professors Fries,
605:(including dogmatic and moral theology,
1246:(1864–1865, Prague) , edited by Jireček
893:, since 1841 he was a custodian of the
491:In 1805–08 Šafárik studied at a "lower
1639:
959:Slavic Congress in Prague in June 1848
865:
648:
1575:
1400:
1324:A street in Prague is named after him
538:(Késmárk), where he got to know many
310:. He was one of the first scientific
1707:Academic staff of Charles University
940:Geschichte der slawischen Sprache...
435:adding citations to reliable sources
402:
47:adding citations to reliable sources
18:
1534:
1451:
1296:Gymnázium Pavla Jozefa Šafárika in
1073:
338:provided Šafárik with Czech books.
13:
1692:Hungarian people of Slovak descent
846:and sayings in collaboration with
14:
1738:
1687:19th-century Hungarian historians
1662:Scholars from the Austrian Empire
1618:
1257:Sebrané spisy P. J. Šafaříka 1–3
1124:(1834–1835, Buda), together with
1048:Tatranská múza s lyrou slovanskou
660:He attended lectures in history,
653:In 1815 he began to study at the
1624:
1587:
1368:Jugoslovenski književni leksikon
595:jus privatum civile et criminale
495:" (in some sources described as
407:
341:On 17 June 1822, when he was in
23:
1219:Památky hlaholského pisemnictví
1172:(1840, Prague) , together with
961:and thus became suspicious for
34:needs additional citations for
1697:Czech people of Slovak descent
1667:Poets from the Austrian Empire
1287:Pavol Jozef Šafárik University
1269:
1240:is older than the Cyrillic one
1227:(1857, Prague), together with
756:Return to homeland (1817–1833)
1:
1349:
1263:Spisy Pavla Josefa Šafaříka 1
1193:Počátkové staročeské mluvnice
917:Počátkové staročeské mluvnice
1657:People from Rožňava District
1251:Collected works & papers
764:in the well-known family of
507:(Rozsnyó), where he learned
487:sister, and to local people.
7:
1374:] (in Serbo-Croatian).
479:
16:Slovak academic (1795–1861)
10:
1743:
1722:Burials at Olšany Cemetery
1569:
791:In April 1819, his friend
251:Paulus Josephus Schaffarik
1372:Yugoslav Literary Lexicon
1012:
930:'s introduction of a new
922:In the papers collection
385:Co vyprávěl P. J. Šafařík
317:
264:
242:
218:
208:
176:
141:
132:
125:
1259:(Prague 1862–1863, 1865)
1007:
965:authorities. During the
932:Slovak standard language
389:Šafařík mezi Jihoslovany
1610:Encyclopædia Britannica
1459:"Révai lexicon No. 1:2"
1225:Glagolitische Fragmente
1150:Slovanské starožitnosti
989:made him jump into the
909:Prague literary society
899:Slovanské starožitnosti
793:Ján Blahoslav Benedikti
470:Early years (1795–1815)
398:
1605:Schafarik, Pavel Josef
1522:Cite journal requires
1477:Cite journal requires
1439:Cite journal requires
1337:is a town in southern
1282:
1083:
788:
762:Pressburg (Bratislava)
731:Johann Wolfgang Goethe
715:Prvotiny pěkných umění
489:
350:
284:
258:
250:
235:Paul Joseph Schaffarik
234:
226:
1576:Hanus, Josef (1895).
1278:A bust of Šafárik in
1277:
1088:Promluvení k Slovanům
1081:
1037:Ondrej Máriassy, the
891:Časopis Českého musea
786:
748:, Josef Jungmann and
617:, physics, medicine,
484:
58:"Pavel Jozef Šafárik"
1633:at Wikimedia Commons
1509:on 3 September 2014.
1426:on 29 November 2014.
1311:are named after him.
955:University of Prague
832:Stefan Stratimirović
809:Georgije Magarašević
795:helped him to get a
680:), studied books of
431:improve this section
43:improve this article
1677:Slovak philologists
1631:Pavel Jozef Šafárik
1331:are named after him
1300:is named after him.
1293:is named after him.
1238:Glagolitic alphabet
1203:Karel Jaromír Erben
1179:Slovanský národopis
981:texts and culture.
979:Old Church Slavonic
944:Slovanský národopis
866:Bohemia (1833–1861)
840:Old Church Slavonic
649:Germany (1815–1817)
599:scienciae politicae
391:(Šafárik among the
285:Pavol Jozef Šafárik
277:Pavel Jozef Šafárik
243:Павле Јосиф Шафарик
227:Pavel Josef Šafařík
127:Pavol Jozef Šafárik
1283:
1164:Monumenta Illyrica
1084:
1063:Friedrich Schiller
951:Revolution of 1848
860:Slavonic languages
836:Serbian literature
789:
710:(issued in 1831).
655:University of Jena
308:Kingdom of Hungary
300:literary historian
269:Kingdom of Hungary
259:Pál József Safarik
192:Kingdom of Bohemia
160:Kingdom of Hungary
1629:Media related to
1554:978-90-272-9235-3
1265:(Bratislava 1938)
1195:in: Výbor (1845)
1174:František Palacký
1102:František Palacký
1100:), together with
971:Bach's absolutism
895:Prague University
844:Slovak folk songs
770:František Palacký
664:, philosophy and
623:international law
467:
466:
459:
274:
273:
164:Habsburg monarchy
119:
118:
111:
93:
1734:
1672:Slovak Lutherans
1628:
1614:
1593:
1591:
1590:
1583:
1563:
1562:
1538:
1532:
1531:
1525:
1520:
1518:
1510:
1508:
1502:. Archived from
1501:
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1487:
1486:
1480:
1475:
1473:
1465:
1463:
1455:
1449:
1448:
1442:
1437:
1435:
1427:
1425:
1419:. Archived from
1418:
1410:
1404:
1398:
1392:
1391:
1363:
1307:and a street in
1110:(1819, Novi Sad)
1074:Scientific works
975:Czech literature
813:Serbian Orthodox
666:natural sciences
639:with a Slavonic
621:, state law and
587:economia ruralis
462:
455:
451:
448:
442:
411:
403:
351:Júlia Ambróziová
302:, historian and
244:
219:Other names
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151:
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123:
122:
114:
107:
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100:
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92:
51:
27:
19:
1742:
1741:
1737:
1736:
1735:
1733:
1732:
1731:
1637:
1636:
1621:
1603:, ed. (1911). "
1588:
1586:
1572:
1567:
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1512:
1511:
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1438:
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1423:
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1407:
1399:
1395:
1364:
1357:
1352:
1272:
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1221:(1853, Prague)
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1682:Slovak poets
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928:Ľudovít Štúr
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180:26 June 1861
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41:Please help
36:verification
33:
1652:1861 deaths
1647:1795 births
1327:Streets in
1270:Recognition
987:depressions
949:During the
723:Czech lands
678:Eichenstädt
619:natural law
591:jus naturae
579:mathematics
575:metaphysics
569:(including
292:philologist
265:Citizenship
209:Nationality
171:, Slovakia)
169:Kobeliarovo
152:13 May 1795
1641:Categories
1560:gymnasium.
1401:Hanus 1895
1350:References
1126:Ján Kollár
848:Ján Kollár
824:stylistics
822:, poetry,
774:Ján Kollár
567:philosophy
497:Protestant
356:She spoke
324:Protestant
148:1795-05-13
69:newspapers
1384:SR Serbia
1343:Hungarian
1183:ethnology
1098:Pressburg
1004:Quarter.
852:see Works
816:gymnasium
801:gymnasium
662:philology
556:esthetics
548:Ukrainian
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513:Hungarian
493:gymnasium
418:does not
360:, Czech,
255:Hungarian
199:(now the
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1376:Novi Sad
1339:Slovakia
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1309:Belgrade
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820:rhetoric
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719:Hromádka
708:Schiller
603:theology
536:Kežmarok
343:Novi Sad
312:Slavists
1598::
1570:Sources
1341:with a
1335:Tornaľa
1298:Rožňava
1096:(1818,
1054:with a
1035:colonel
1029:to the
995:emperor
942:and in
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876:florins
738:Leipzig
627:Germany
601:), and
583:physics
544:Serbian
517:Dobšiná
505:Rožňava
439:removed
424:sources
373:Vojtěch
366:Russian
362:Serbian
332:Hanková
328:Štítnik
306:in the
239:Serbian
83:scholar
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1291:Košice
1229:Höfler
1052:Tatras
1039:patron
1023:Levoča
1013:Poetry
1002:Karlín
991:Vltava
887:censor
872:Russia
742:Prague
695:Clouds
686:Fichte
682:Herder
676:, and
637:Tatras
615:Hebrew
540:Polish
532:lyceum
480:Family
377:Vienna
358:Slovak
347:Slovak
318:Family
289:Slovak
281:Slovak
231:German
213:Slovak
188:Prague
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1154:Slavs
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904:Výbor
690:Czech
674:Luden
611:Greek
571:logic
509:Latin
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476:Gemer
247:Latin
223:Czech
167:(now
90:JSTOR
76:books
1549:ISBN
1528:help
1483:help
1445:help
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1033:and
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740:and
692:the
684:and
670:Oken
641:Lyre
546:and
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399:Life
364:and
296:poet
177:Died
142:Born
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