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language consists of words from the native languages spoken by many
Caribbean ethnic and cultural groups including Spanish, Portuguese, Chinese, Amerindian, English and several African languages. Additionally, some islands have Creole dialects influenced by French, Spanish, Arabic, Hebrew, German,
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is the discipline that studies the relationship between these language varieties, how they relate to the dominant culture and, in the case of France, to
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no longer holds any offensive connotation, and has become a celebrated and distinguished variant of the numerous local tongues.
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banned its use. The word assumes the view of such languages being backward, countrified and unlettered; thus the term
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190:, 'local or regional dialect' (originally meaning 'rough, clumsy or uncultivated speech'), possibly from the verb
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743:[Ethnicity and Language : The sociolinguistic acculturation of Italian immigrants in Montevideo]
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157:) spoken by the middle and high classes of cities or as used in literature and formal settings (the "
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is interpreted to mean "a place to wash" since such streams are often used for washing laundry.
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origin. Its dialects often contain folk-etymological derivatives of French words. For example,
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Dialect or variety that is considered "sub-standard" and generally lacks a written form
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and spoken since the eighteenth century by self-colonization of French people (from
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has been spoken by citizens in the south of
Uruguay, many who hail from France and
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141:, class distinctions are implied by the very meaning of the term, since in French,
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Dutch, Italian, Chinese, Vietnamese and others. Jamaican Patois is also spoken in
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333:" or slang, but cases such as Jamaican Patois are classified more correctly as a
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the language of a defeated nation." In France and
Switzerland, however, the term
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This article is about the general term. For the
Jamaican creole language, see
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Dominican, Grenadian, St. Lucian, Trinidadian and
Venezuelan speakers of
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associated with uneducated rural classes, in contrast with the dominant
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373:("river, stream"), a syncopated variant of the standard French phrase
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305:. It is noted especially in reference to Jamaican Patois from 1934.
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is potentially considered offensive when used by outsiders. As
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751:(in Spanish). Universidad de la República (Uruguay)
361:and includes vocabulary and grammar of African and
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543:, Puerto Rico, Dominican Republic) who moved for
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749:Portal de la Universidad de la República – UCUR
669:"Interdiction de la langue catalane, Louis XIV"
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137:In colloquial usage of the term, especially in
98:, although the term is not formally defined in
329:Often, these patois are popularly considered "
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695:"Do you speak french? A new "Common Vector""
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473:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
212:, 'paw, sole of the foot', plus the suffix
94:) is speech or language that is considered
645:. Oxford University Press. Archived from
493:Learn how and when to remove this message
318:is spoken in Caribbean countries such as
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238:has been used to describe non-standard
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379:("the river"), has been associated by
357:, in addition to French, is spoken in
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625:participating institution membership
471:adding citations to reliable sources
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693:Billon, Robert L.E. (April 2000).
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531:) and Caribbean people (from
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196:, 'to treat roughly', from
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739:Barrios, Graciela (2008).
717:Walter, Henriette (1998).
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612:Oxford English Dictionary
262:after 1700 when the king
389:("to wash"). Therefore,
167:national language policy
786:Linguistics terminology
673:www.axl.cefan.ulaval.ca
617:Oxford University Press
297:is also referred to as
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339:Francophone Caribbean
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649:on February 25, 2013
467:improve this section
643:Oxford Dictionaries
615:(Online ed.).
513:. It is also named
320:Trinidad and Tobago
559:Macanese community
509:call the language
400:Other examples of
337:. Notably, in the
326:in South America.
244:regional languages
204:Old Low Franconian
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553:is also known as
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181:comes from
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102:. As such,
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96:nonstandard
770:Categories
755:2019-01-17
727:2253140015
704:2019-01-18
679:2019-01-18
627:required.)
572:References
563:Portuguese
541:Guadeloupe
533:Martinique
414:Tsotsitaal
376:la rivière
345:(see also
312:Costa Rica
293:spoken in
287:vernacular
230:and other
183:Old French
525:Venezuela
454:does not
406:Trasianka
264:Louis XIV
177:The term
173:Etymology
147:sociolect
639:"patois"
606:"patois"
537:Trinidad
435:Synonyms
429:Piedmont
404:include
289:form of
246:such as
222:Examples
159:acrolect
116:dialects
529:Corsica
519:in the
475:removed
460:sources
421:Uruguay
295:Jamaica
291:English
260:Catalan
252:Occitan
193:patoier
112:creoles
108:pidgins
725:
653:19 May
511:patois
425:patois
402:patois
393:lavier
369:lavier
343:créole
324:Guyana
299:patois
280:patois
276:patois
268:patois
248:Picard
240:French
236:patois
228:France
187:patois
179:patois
143:patois
139:France
124:jargon
104:patois
28:Patois
745:(PDF)
621:
555:Patuá
545:cacao
516:Patuá
410:Sheng
386:laver
383:with
363:Carib
303:patwa
209:patta
207:*
199:patte
128:slang
723:ISBN
655:2013
458:any
456:cite
412:and
349:and
322:and
314:and
285:The
254:and
242:and
215:-ois
161:").
132:cant
523:of
469:by
419:In
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301:or
226:In
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