20:
358:, Osip Piatnitsky objected to the massacres, expressed doubt that charges against party comrades were valid when the Central Committee met in plenary session and was asked to sanction what had been happening. Equal to calling Stalin a tyrant and fraudster, Piatnitsky refused to back down. As a result, in October 1937, like what happened to his comrade
275:, Piatnitsky became a government functionary. From 1919 to 1920 he served as head of the Railroad Workers' Trade Union. Piatnitsky was chosen as head of the Moscow Committee in 1920 and elected an alternate member of the governing Central Committee of the Russian Communist Party (bolsheviks) at the party's
338:
In addition to his leading role in the
Comintern, Piatnitsky held several positions of high importance in the hierarchy of the Russian Communist Party. In 1924, he was elected a member of the Communist Party's Central Control Committee, a body in charge of matters of party discipline, remaining in
167:. Piatnitsky became involved in the smuggling of this newspaper across the German frontier into Russia, also helping to organize the transportation of party members to and from the country. This dangerous work placed Piatnitsky in harm's way, and arrest by the secret police followed in 1902.
216:
Following this second arrest, Piatnitsky remained in jail until 1908. Following his release, Piatnitsky returned to
Germany, where he once again took up work for the Bolshevik Party, coordinating secret communications from the party center abroad to its network of activists inside Russia.
722:
717:
712:
707:
373:. This suicidal act of courage was extremely rare. He remained in jail for a year before finally being given a summary trial and sentenced to death. On October 30, 1938, Osip Piatnitsky was executed. He was 56 years old at the time of his death.
109:
movement among the city's carpenters, joining a workers' self-education circle. In 1898 Tarshis became active in the Kovno's illegal tailor's union, helping to conduct educational and organizational work on its behalf.
326:
in 1926, the post he formerly held as "President" of the
Comintern was eliminated, to be replaced by a new Political Secretariat, to which Piatnitsky was elected. Piatnitsky's role was subsequently confirmed by the
302:
of the
Comintern elected Piatnitsky as of four top leaders of the organization to sit on the body's governing Secretariat. Piatnitsky was joined as a member of the Comintern Secretariat by the Bulgarian
346:
in 1935, he was not re-elected to any of the positions in the organization which he had held previously. Thereafter he returned briefly to work in the All-Union
Communist Party (bolsheviks).
299:
319:
339:
that position through 1927. In that year, Piatnitsky was made a full member of the governing
Central Committee of the RKP(b) in which he continued until the time of his arrest in 1937.
589:
World
Communists in Action: The Consolidation of the Communist Parties and Why the Growing Political Influence of the Sections of the Comintern is Not Sufficiently Maintained.
332:
150:
secret police. This early "party name" became the root of
Tarshis's best-known pseudonym, Osip Piatnitsky, and it is by this name that he will henceforth be referred to here.
251:. His political and union activities drew the attention of the secret police and Piatnitsky was arrested for a third time in June 1914. This time Piatnitsky was sentenced to
194:
175:
276:
697:
190:
wings. Piatnitsky sided with Lenin and the
Bolsheviks at that gathering and he remained a loyal member of that faction throughout the pre-revolutionary years.
130:(today's Vilnius). There Tashis became involved in the Vilna organization of ladies' tailors. As a member of the underground movement, Tarshis adopted the
213:
in Odessa. Unsurprisingly, this activity again drew the scrutiny of the secret police and in
January 1906 Piatnitsky was arrested again by the Okhrana.
287:
394:
362:
and others a few months earlier, he was removed from his position on the Central Committee, stripped of party membership, and arrested by the
291:
732:
370:
737:
224:, remembered as the 6th All-Russian Conference of the RSDLP. As he sought to return to Russia to work in industry, Piatnitsky went to
58:
during the 1920s and early 1930s, a position which made him one of the leading public faces of the international communist movement.
170:
Although jailed in 1902, Piatnitsky managed to make his escape and he returned to Germany to continue his work as a courier for the
54:), was a Russian revolutionary and Soviet politician. Piatnitsky is best remembered as head of the International Department of the
205:, where he worked as a Bolshevik organizer primarily among the tobacco workers there. Piatnitsky was an active participant in the
298:
in November 1922, Piatnitsky was chosen as a member of the Comintern's Organization Buro and budget commission. In June 1923 the
687:
123:
757:
343:
328:
295:
619:
The Work of the Communist Parties of France and Germany and the Tasks of the Communists in the Trade Union Movement.
752:
322:
of 1924 returned him as a member of the Secretariat, Orgburo, budget commission, and ECCI. Following the fall of
682:
153:
In 1901 Piatnitsky became associated with the Internationalist wing of the RSDLP, a group prominently including
318:
Piatnitsky remained a top official of the Comintern throughout the 1920s and the first half of the 1930s. The
105:(today's Kaunas) in 1897. There he took up his father's trade of carpentry and was radicalized by the illegal
742:
727:
386:
282:
Piatnitsky moved from work in the Soviet trade unions and the Russian Communist Party to work in the
747:
723:
Members of the Central Committee of the 17th Congress of the All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks)
718:
Members of the Central Committee of the 16th Congress of the All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks)
713:
Members of the Central Committee of the 15th Congress of the All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks)
708:
Candidates of the Central Committee of the 9th Congress of the Russian Communist Party (Bolsheviks)
692:
382:
342:
Piatnitsky seems to have fallen from grace towards the middle of the 1930s. While he addressed the
601:
Urgent Questions of the Day: Unemployed Movement, Factory Organisation, Fluctuation of Membership.
393:
revealed the systemic abuses of the Soviet secret police during the Stalin period in a so-called "
702:
283:
55:
502:
New, Revised, and Expanded Edition. Stanford, CA: Hoover Institution Press, 1986; pp. 362–364.
613:
The World Economic Crisis: The Revolutionary Upsurge and the Tasks of the Communist Parties.
607:
The Bolshevisation of the Communist Parties by Eradicating the Social-Democratic Traditions.
312:
677:
672:
548:(The Empire of Stalin: Biographical Encyclopedic Dictionary). Moscow: Veche, 2000; pg. 379.
8:
256:
39:
528:(Congresses and Conferences of the KPSS: Handbook). Moscow: Politizdat, 1986; pp. 80–90.
272:
206:
390:
271:, where he became a member of the Bolshevik Party's Moscow Committee. Following the
220:
In January 1912 Piatnitsky was again chosen as a delegate to a Bolshevik conclave in
80:
47:
359:
323:
31:
248:
240:
210:
84:
666:
308:
304:
235:
He returned to Russia in 1913, taking a job as an electrician in the town of
603:
Moscow: Cooperative Publishing Society of Foreign Workers in the USSR, 1931.
367:
197:
in London. He returned to Russia later in that same year, going to Odessa (
355:
244:
229:
147:
106:
631:
The Twenty-One Conditions of Admission into the Communist International.
154:
98:
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to the post of treasurer of the Comintern and head of the Comintern's
76:
255:
exile, which removed him from revolutionary politics until after the
187:
183:
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in the Summer of 1903 — a gathering which split the RSDLP into rival
131:
88:
126:(RSDLP) in 1899, moving that same year to Lithuania's largest city,
252:
202:
164:
143:
127:
119:
19:
71:
Iosif Aronovich Tarshis was born January 17, 1882, the son of a
268:
221:
179:
157:, which was at the time publishing the revolutionary newspaper
102:
95:
51:
583:
The Immediate Tasks of the International Trade Union Movement.
228:
following the Prague party conference, where he trained as an
546:
Imperiia Stalina: Biograficheskii entsiklopedicheskii slovar'
236:
225:
198:
159:
247:. There Piatnitsky led a strike before being transferred to
440:
Susan Causey, "Osip Piatnitskii," in A. Thomas Lane (ed.),
363:
267:
Freed by the February Revolution, Piatnitsky relocated to
72:
442:
Biographical Dictionary of European Labor Leaders: M–Z.
354:
In the midst of the secret police terror known as the
515:New York: International Publishers, 1970; pg. 173.
288:Executive Committee of the Communist International
664:
579:London: Communist Party of Great Britain, 1928.
698:Russian Social Democratic Labour Party members
659:(Piatnitsky). Moscow: Molodaia gvardiia, 1971.
193:In the spring of 1905 Piatnitsky attended the
595:Unemployment and the Tasks of the Communists.
498:Branko Lazitch with Milorad M. Drachkovitch,
444:Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 1995; pg. 754.
101:in Vilkomir before moving to the big city of
46:; Iosif Aronovich Tarshis, 29 January 1882,
621:New York: Workers Library Publishers, n.d. .
615:New York: Workers Library Publishers, n.d. .
591:New York: Workers Library Publishers, n.d. .
585:New York: Workers Library Publishers, n.d. .
113:
639:New York: Workers Library Publishers, 1934.
637:The Communists in the Fight for the Masses.
633:New York: Workers Library Publishers, 1934.
627:New York: Workers Library Publishers, 1933.
597:New York: Workers Library Publishers, 1931.
540:
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536:
534:
16:Russian revolutionary and Soviet politician
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645:New York: International Publishers, 1935.
500:Biographical Dictionary of the Comintern.
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436:
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526:S"ezdy i kkonferentsii KPSS: Spravochnik
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142:as a means of avoiding detection by the
18:
557:
349:
665:
447:
407:
273:Bolshevik Revolution of November 1917
124:Russian Social Democratic Labor Party
94:As a boy Tarshis worked briefly as a
296:4th World Congress of the Comintern
13:
733:Great Purge victims from Lithuania
649:
577:The Organisation of a World Party.
14:
769:
738:Jews executed by the Soviet Union
625:The Present Situation in Germany.
562:. London: Macmillan. p. 150.
79:(today known as Ukmergė), in the
292:International Liaison Department
286:in 1921, when he was elected by
174:group. He was a delegate to the
551:
518:
505:
243:, located on the banks of the
66:
1:
688:People from Vilkomirsky Uyezd
609:London: Modern Books, n.d. .
400:
155:Vladimir Ul'ianov (N. Lenin)
118:Tarshis became a convert to
61:
7:
758:Inmates of Lefortovo Prison
257:February Revolution of 1917
28:Osip Aaronovitch Piatnitsky
10:
774:
383:posthumously rehabilitated
389:, at which Soviet leader
387:20th Congress of the CPSU
376:
195:3rd Congress of the RSDLP
176:2nd Congress of the RSDLP
114:Underground revolutionary
75:carpenter in the town of
35:
570:
558:Service, Robert (2007).
209:, helping to organize a
643:Memoirs of a Bolshevik.
513:Reminiscences of Lenin.
385:in 1956, following the
284:Communist International
56:Communist International
36:Осип Аронович Пятницкий
753:Soviet rehabilitations
43:
24:
294:(OMS). Following the
263:Communist functionary
22:
381:Osip Piatnitsky was
350:Arrest and execution
683:People from Ukmergė
163:from emigration in
344:7th World Congress
329:6th World Congress
320:5th World Congress
279:that same spring.
207:Revolution of 1905
44:Josifas Piatnickis
25:
743:Jewish socialists
655:V. Dmitrievskii,
391:Nikita Khrushchev
141:
81:Kovno Governorate
50:– 29 July, 1938,
48:Kovno Governorate
765:
728:Comintern people
564:
563:
555:
549:
544:K.A. Zalesskii,
542:
529:
522:
516:
511:N.K. Krupskaya,
509:
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445:
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331:of 1928 and the
324:Grigory Zinoviev
135:
37:
773:
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748:Soviet Marxists
693:Lithuanian Jews
663:
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652:
650:Further reading
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524:A.A. Solov'ev,
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448:
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379:
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122:and joined the
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23:Osip Piatnitsky
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11:
5:
771:
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703:Old Bolsheviks
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241:Saratov Oblast
211:general strike
115:
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85:Russian Empire
68:
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15:
9:
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4:
3:
2:
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395:Secret Speech
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371:secret police
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365:
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313:Mátyás Rákosi
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309:Otto Kuusinen
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305:Vasil Kolarov
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87:(present-day
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59:
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33:
29:
21:
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642:
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559:
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341:
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315:of Hungary.
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277:9th Congress
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171:
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158:
152:
138:translation:
137:
134:"Piatnitsa"
117:
93:
70:
27:
26:
678:1938 deaths
673:1882 births
356:Great Purge
333:11th Plenum
307:, the Finn
245:Volga River
230:electrician
107:trade union
67:Early years
667:Categories
300:3rd Plenum
99:apprentice
40:Lithuanian
657:Пятницкий
401:Footnotes
335:of 1931.
201:) in the
188:Menshevik
184:Bolshevik
140:"Friday")
132:pseudonym
89:Lithuania
62:Biography
560:Comrades
360:Kaminsky
253:Siberian
96:tailor's
77:Vilkomir
203:Ukraine
165:Germany
144:Okhrana
120:Marxism
83:of the
32:Russian
377:Legacy
368:Soviet
366:, the
311:, and
269:Moscow
249:Samara
222:Prague
180:London
148:Tsar's
146:, the
73:Jewish
52:Moscow
571:Works
237:Volsk
226:Paris
199:Odesa
172:Iskra
160:Iskra
128:Vilna
103:Kovno
364:NKVD
186:and
397:."
239:in
178:in
91:).
669::
533:^
449:^
409:^
259:.
232:.
42::
38:,
34::
136:(
30:(
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