Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe

6532:. Declaration on the OSCE role in countering the phenomenon of foreign terrorist fighters in the context of the implementation of UN Security Council resolutions 2170 and 2178. Declaration on the OSCE role in countering kidnapping and hostage-taking committed by terrorist groups in the context of the implementation of the UN Security Council resolution 2133. Decision on the prevention of corruption. Decision on enhancing disaster risk reduction. Decision on preventing and combating violence against women. Decision on an addendum to the 2004 OSCE Action Plan for the Promotion of Gender Equality. Ministerial commemorative declaration on the seventieth anniversary of the end of the Second World War. Declaration on enhancing efforts to combat anti-Semitism. Declaration on co-operation with the Mediterranean Partners. Ministerial declaration on co-operation with the Asian Partners. Decision on small arms and light weapons and stockpiles of conventional ammunition. Commemorative Declaration on the Occasion of the Twentieth Anniversary of the OSCE Code of Conduct on Politico-Military Aspects of Security. 4236: 81: 927: 52: 520: 3063: 4000: 3608: 1773: 2847: 2370: 10999: 2633: 2872: 6516: 5407: 4944: 4473: 2491: 3910: 3266: 1433: 1480: 6225: 4734: 1409: 5813: 4363: 1551: 2309: 2609: 6827: 5179: 3372: 2178: 6127: 4654: 2154: 6490:

in the OSCE region. Ministerial Declaration on the Update of the OSCE Principles Governing Non-Proliferation. Decision on the enhancing OSCE efforts to implement the Action Plan on Improving the Situation of Roma and Sinti Within the OSCE Area, With a Particular Focus on Roma and Sinti Women, Youth and Children. Ministerial Statement on the Work of the Permanent Conference on Political Issues in the Framework of the Negotiation Process for the Transnistrian Settlement in the

1965: 66: 1724: 3426: 3029: 2562: 2815: 13865: 6355: 5690: 4844: 4069: 3811: 3553: 3518: 3495: 3472: 3449: 3322: 2657: 2515: 2131: 1917: 1893: 1361: 2334: 2013: 6386: 4869: 1989: 6192: 6160: 4709: 4684: 2419: 2109: 1456: 6690: 6090: 5628: 5338: 5079: 4628: 2831: 2395: 2249: 4011: 3878: 3649: 3634: 3619: 6291: 5554: 5484: 5235: 4784: 1623: 7581: 7497: 7464: 7424: 6478: 6420: 5918: 5591: 4919: 4894: 4448: 4206: 4178: 4149: 4095: 4043: 3971: 3942: 3759: 3541: 3400: 2773: 2585: 2061: 1845: 1821: 1797: 1504: 1385: 1313: 1289: 6728: 6622: 6057: 6020: 5955: 5104: 5019: 4603: 4573: 4498: 3785: 3707: 3681: 3241: 2758: 2698: 2273: 1671: 1599: 1575: 1337: 1265: 2897: 6980: 7525: 6554: 5661: 4969: 3840: 3733: 3347: 2743: 2728: 2538: 2358: 2085: 1941: 1527: 6323: 5988: 4814: 4548: 3294: 2201: 1749: 6854: 5207: 2713: 2037: 6588: 5748: 5430: 5292: 4994: 4337: 1709: 1695: 1194: 6762: 5846: 5129: 4393: 2467: 6794: 5154: 4523: 2225: 7553: 7436: 5780: 5517: 5361: 4121: 3866: 2297: 1647: 6656: 5885: 5384: 5315: 5049: 4418: 1869: 6258: 4759: 2799: 2443: 704:(ODIHR), the OSCE observes and assesses elections in its member states, in order to support fair and transparent democratic processes, in keeping with the mutual standards to which the organization is committed; between 1994 and 2004 the OSCE sent teams of observers to monitor more than 150 elections, typically focusing on elections in emerging democracies. In 2004, at the invitation of the 7301:

one of the least democratic countries in the world. Moreover, the recent democratic advances made in other Central Asian republics, notably Kyrgyzstan, have led to rumours of Soviet-style disruption of the Kyrgyz democratic process by, in particular, Kazakhstan and Russia. This may be in large part due to fears over the long-term stability of these countries' own quasi-dictatorships.

8886: 2990:

Ministerial Council, which meets at the end of every year. At the ambassadorial level, the OSCE Permanent Council convenes weekly in Vienna and serves as the regular negotiating and decision-making body. The chairman of the Permanent Council is the ambassador to the Organization of the participating State which holds the chairmanship.

6668:

for Promoting Co-operation, Security and Growth. Declaration on the Role of Youth in Contribution to Peace and Security Efforts. Declaration on Security and Co-operation in the Mediterranean. Declaration on OSCE Efforts in the Field of Norms and Best Practices on Small Arms and Light Weapons and Stockpiles of Conventional Ammunition.

6634:

sexual exploitation, as well as other forms of sexual exploitation of children. Decision on promoting economic participation in the OSCE area. Decision on small arms and light weapons and stockpiles of conventional ammunition. Ministerial Statement on the negotiations on the Transnistrian settlement process in the 5+2 format.

6806:

damages inflicted by the Russian Federation on Ukraine, and to assess the reparations that Russia should be accountable for. Russia started this war, and it must pay for it." Most OSCE participating states support an initiative by Ukraine to create a special tribunal to prosecute Russia for the crime of aggression.

984:. In reality, one observer out of 17 in Mariupol was a Russian citizen. In total, the mission reports the number of Russian citizens in its ranks as 39 out of 720, or 5,4%. The organization has also been accused of allegedly revealing the locations of Ukrainian troops to Russian forces during the conflict. 1103:

Council, confirmed the outcomes of the previous mission and identified blatant violations of international humanitarian law, mainly attributable to the Russian armed forces, as well as widespread violations of human rights, especially in the territories under effective control of the Russian Federation.

7139:

The OSCE essentially took the place of the United Nations in Bosnia and Herzegovina in part because the Bosnian leadership felt deep contempt for the UN efforts to stop the war which began in 1991 and ended in 1995. During the time the United Nations were attempting a political solution, thousands of

6565:

Ministerial Declaration on Preventing and Countering Violent Extremism and Radicalization that lead to Terrorism. Declaration on the OSCE Activities in Support of Global Efforts in Tackling the World Drug Problem. Ministerial Declaration on Reinforcing OSCE Efforts to Counter Terrorism in the Wake of

3156:

The OSCE and the Government of the Kyrgyz Republic established the OSCE Academy in 2002. The aim of the OSCE Academy is "to promote regional cooperation, conflict prevention and good governance in Central Asia through offering post-graduate education, professional training and intellectual exchange."

2972:

their borders was also a matter of legitimate international concern. This open process of the OSCE is often given credit for helping build democracy in the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe, thus leading to the end of the Cold War. Unlike most international intergovernmental organizations, however, the

1110:

Since the start of its invasion of Ukraine, Russia has seized €2.7 million worth of armored vehicles that were previously part of the OSCE Special Monitoring Mission to Ukraine. According to a letter that was sent by Russian OSCE representatives to OSCE Secretary-General Helga Schmid in January 2023,

1033:

and of spying on the pro-Russian separatists. Furthermore, Russia has accused the mission of bias after it reported troop movements from separatist forces, accusing the mission of ignoring similar moves from Ukraine. Russia's foreign minister also has claimed that the mission failed to pay sufficient

708:

Government, the ODIHR deployed an assessment mission, made up of participants from six OSCE member states, which observed that year's US presidential election and produced a report. It was the first time that a US presidential election was the subject of OSCE monitoring, although the organization had

7151:

Activities in the economic and environmental dimension include the monitoring of developments related to economic and environmental security in OSCE participating States, with the aim of alerting them to any threat of conflict; assisting States in the creation of economic and environmental policies,

596:

The recommendations of the talks, in the form of "The Blue Book", gave the practical foundations for a three-stage conference called the "Helsinki process". The CSCE opened in Helsinki on 3 July 1973 with 35 states sending representatives. Stage I took only five days to agree to follow the Blue

6489:

Decision on the combating trafficking in human beings. Decision on the freedom of thought, conscience, religion or belief. Ministerial Declaration on Strengthening the OSCE's Efforts to Address Transnational Threats. Decision on the improving the environmental footprint of energy-related activities

1102:

On 2 June 2022, the same 45 participating States invoked again the Moscow Mechanism to establish a new mission of experts to consider, follow up and build upon the findings of the Moscow Mechanism report published in April 2022. The subsequent report, presented on 14 July 2022 to the OSCE Permanent

717:

Members of OSCE have criticised the organisation for being in a position where Russia, and sometimes Belarus, can veto all OSCE decisions, Moscow has, for a number of years, not allowed the approval of the organisation's budget, the organisation of official OSCE events or the extension of missions.

7300:

As part of its democratization activities, the OSCE carries out election assistance projects in the run-up to, during, and following elections. However, the effectiveness of such assistance is arguable—Kazakhstan, for example, despite being the former chair of the OSCE, is considered by many to be

6739:

Decision on Preventing and Combating Corruption through Digitalization and Increased Transparency. Decision on Prevention and Eradication of Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment. Declaration on Strengthening Co-operation in Countering Transnational Organized Crime.

6701:

Commemorative Declaration on the Occasion of the 25th Anniversary of the OSCE Code of Conduct on Politico-Military Aspects of Security. Ministerial Statement on the Negotiations on the Transnistrian Settlement Process in the "5+2" Format. Document No. 2, Commemorative. Declaration on the

6667:

Decision on Safety of Journalists. Decision on Preventing and Combating Violence Against Women. Decision on Human Capital Development in the Digital Era. Ministerial Statement on the Negotiations on the Transnistrian Settlement Process in the 5+2 format. Declaration on the Digital Economy a Driver

6633:

Decision on enhancing OSCE efforts to reduce the risk of conflict stemming from the use of information and communication technologies. Decision on strengthening efforts to prevent trafficking in human beings. Decision on strengthening efforts to combat all forms of child trafficking, including for

2989:

Political direction to the organization is given by heads of state or government during summits. Summits are not regular or scheduled but held as needed. The last summit took place in Astana (Kazakhstan), on 1 and 2 December 2010. The high-level decision-making body of the organization is the OSCE

1025:

reported that Russian intelligence services had received inside information about the activities of the OSCE Special Monitoring Mission to Ukraine from a staff member of the OSCE. The insider information consisted of observers' preferences in alcohol and women, their financial situation, and their

999:. The suspended SMM stated that he had no trouble receiving the position and neither the OSCE nor Ukraine's Security Service thoroughly checked his background. Following the report the OSCE issued a comment stating the monitor had been fired due to violations of the organization's code of conduct. 964:

Moreover, the OSCE Observer Mission at Russian Checkpoints Gukovo and Donetsk (which is organizationally separate from the Special Monitoring Mission) also received criticism alleging that only two checkpoints on the Russian–Ukrainian border are currently being monitored, which Daniel Baer, the US

961:, an OSCE observer allowed Russian separatists to travel in a vehicle with the organization's markings; this prompted allegations that the OSCE was biased in the war and not interested in carrying out its duties of mediating a ceasefire. The organization issued a statement regretting the incident. 8878: 7125:

The OSCE was a rather small organization until selection by the international community to provide electoral organization to post war Bosnia and Herzegovina in early 1996. Ambassador Frowick was the first OSCE representative to initiate national election in September 1996, human rights issues and

6805:

For the first time a delegation was not invited, Russia was not permitted to attend because of the ongoing invasion of Ukraine. The President of the OSCE Parliamentary Assembly Margareta Cederfelt said: "This OSCE Ministerial Council should take steps to establish a high-level body to examine the

6527:

Declaration on further steps in the Helsinki+40 Process. Ministerial statement on the negotiations on the Transnistrian Settlement Process in the 5+2 format. Declaration on youth. Declaration on the Transfer of Ownership to the Parties to the Agreement on Sub-regional Arms Control, Annex 1B,

3141:

was created on 8 July 1992 by the Helsinki Summit Meeting of the Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe. It is charged with identifying and seeking early resolution of ethnic tension that might endanger peace, stability or friendly relations between participating states. As of 2020, the

1086:

for the establishment of an independent expert mission on violations and abuses committed in the war of the Russian Federation, supported by Belarus, against Ukraine. The report of the Mission of Experts was presented to the OSCE Permanent Council on 13 April 2022 and documented clear patterns of

1002:

On 6 April 2016, photos of OSCE monitors attending the wedding of a Russian separatist emerged. The wedding had taken place in June 2015. The OSCE expressed regret over the incident, issuing a statement saying "The unprofessional behaviour displayed by the monitors in the picture is an individual

6599:

Decision on the OSCE's role in the governance of large movements of migrants and refugees. Decision on strengthening good governance and promoting connectivity. Decision on OSCE efforts related to reducing the risks of conflict stemming from the use of information and communication technologies.

642:

was written "to ensure that individuals are permitted to exercise their rights to peaceful assembly and freedom of association, including the right to form, join and participate effectively in non-governmental organizations, which seek the promotion and protection of human rights and fundamental

3054:

is made up of 323 parliamentarians from 57 member states. The Parliamentary Assembly performs its functions mainly via the Standing Committee, the Bureau, and 3 General Committees (Committee on Political Affairs and Security, Committee on Economic Affairs, Science, Technology and

1074:

began on February 24. The OSCE mandate in Ukraine expired on March 31, 2022, due to objections by Russia. On April 24, 2022, the OSCE protested the detention of four staff members in Donetsk and Luhansk, without specifying who had detained them. On 20 September, two Ukrainian OSCE staffers were

7036:

The OSCE takes a comprehensive approach to the politico-military dimension of security, which includes a number of commitments by participating States and mechanisms for conflict prevention and resolution. The organization also seeks to enhance military security by promoting greater openness,

987:

On 1 December 2014, the mission was in the area to "facilitate a local ceasefire and monitor the repair works on a power station", that it "heard an exchange of artillery fire between unspecified parties", and that "artillery rounds were impacting at approximately 1km to the east of the SMM's

3058:

The Parliamentary Assembly passes resolutions on matters such as political and security affairs, economic and environmental issues, and democracy and human rights. Representing the collective voice of OSCE parliamentarians, these resolutions and recommendations are meant to ensure that all

1106:

The Russian delegation was not invited to the 29th OSCE Ministerial Council in December 2022 where the delegates considered the ramifications and regional security challenges created by Russia's continued war against Ukraine. There were calls to assess the reparations that Russia should be

794:

with the ongoing OSCE Mission being mandated to helping to secure lasting peace and therefore to build a stable, secure, and democratic state through building sustainable democratic institutions, strengthening good governance and human rights principles, and supporting the development of a

7387:

The Democracy Defender Award honors a person or group for contributions to the promotion of democracy and the defense of human rights "in the spirit of Helsinki Final Act and other OSCE principles and commitments." The award was established in 2016 on the initiative of Ambassadors of

4247:

The OSCE chairmanship is assumed at yearly intervals by one participating state, which then plays the central role in managing the organization's work and in its external representation. The foreign minister of the country possessing the chair holds the OSCE's most senior position as

6397:

Decisions on responses to conflicts and transnational threats; to enhance capabilities in early warning; early action; dialogue facilitation and mediation support; and post-conflict rehabilitation. Decisions to enhance engagement with OSCE Partners for Co-operation, Afghanistan in

13750: 2993:

In addition to the Ministerial Council and Permanent Council, the Forum for Security Co-operation is also an OSCE decision-making body. It deals predominantly with matters of military co-operation, such as modalities for inspections according to the Vienna Document of 1999.

7168:

The OSCE has developed a range of activities in the environmental sphere aimed at addressing ecologic threats to security in its participating States. Among the activities feature projects in the area of hazardous waste, water management and access to information under the

917:

had faced bans, police interventions and arrests. Erdoğan said: "Now the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe says if the result is 'yes', that means there are a lot of problems. Who are you? First of all, you should know your place. This is not your duty."

7349:

in the form of "Researcher-in-residence programme" (run by the Prague Office of the OSCE Secretariat): accredited representatives of national and international NGOs are granted access to all records and to numerous topical compilations related to OSCE field activities.

3129:

in OSCE participating States. The representative also assists participating States by advocating and promoting full compliance with OSCE norms, principles and commitments regarding freedom of expression and free media. As of 2020, the current representative is

857:

in 2000. The mission was mandated to assist the authorities and civil society with democratic development and human rights protection, including the rights of persons belonging to national minorities. To promote democratisation, tolerance and the rule of law.

1148:. According to the rules of the OSCE Parliamentary Assembly, the incumbent general secretary can only be replaced with a full consensus minus one. Pabriks called the rules "quite shocking from the perspective of an organization that's monitoring elections". 1133:. Hastings had previously been impeached for corruption by the U.S. Congress. The OSCE faced criticism of partisanship and double standards due to Hastings's past and the fact that the OSCE's mandate was to promote democracy and the values of civil society. 938:

at the request of Ukraine's government. The mission has received mixed reviews. While some observers have applauded its function as the "eyes and ears of the international community", others have accused the mission of bias towards either Russia or Ukraine.

3109:

issues. The ODIHR has observed over 300 elections and referendums since 1995, sending more than 50,000 observers. It has operated outside its own area twice, sending a team that offered technical support to the 9 October 2004 presidential elections in

7915: 4273:. The CiO nominates personal representatives – experts in fields of priority for the CiO. The origin of the institution lies with the Charter of Paris for a New Europe (1990), and the Helsinki Document (1992) formally institutionalized this function. 968:

The mission has been criticized for taking months to deploy drones to help monitor borders as well as withdrawing them after only several weeks of use due to Russian electronic attacks. Drones have been reintroduced to observe the conflict in 2018.

6600:

Declaration on strengthening OSCE efforts to prevent and counter terrorism. Decision on enhancing the use of Advance Passenger Information. Ministerial statement on the negotiations on the Transnistrian Settlement Process in the 5+2 format.

11058:

required for U.S. citizens hired by the Organization. Provides a detailed outline of the OSCE, with additional modules on each major area that it is involved in. Website freely available, but tests only given to those who have submitted

6431:

Helsinki+40 Process: clear path to the 2015 40th anniversary of the Helsinki Final Act, intent to reinforce and revitalize the OSCE; unanimous support for Transnistrian settlement process: negotiated, comprehensive, just and viable

7234:

Providing governments with decision and policy-making aids and offering guidance on anti-trafficking management, with the aim of arriving at solutions tailored to the needs of the individual countries and in line with international

670:

in 1994. The OSCE now had a formal secretariat, a Senior Council, a Parliamentary Assembly, a Conflict Prevention Centre, and an Office for Free Elections, which later became the Office for Democratic Institutions and Human Rights.

10895: 7370:

Ethnic conflict is one of the main sources of large-scale violence in Europe today. The OSCE's approach is to identify and to seek early resolution of ethnic tensions, and to set standards for the rights of persons belonging to

770:

as a diplomatic negotiation platform, which began in 2005, suspended by Russia and Transnistria in 2006 until it started again in 2012, before making slow progress over the next ten years. The process stopped following the 2022

870:, monitored by OSCE, with a mandate being granted with the objective of assisting and promoting the implementation of OSCE principles and commitments including the politico-military and human aspects of security and stability. 13740: 6494:. Declaration on Furthering the Helsinki+40 Process. Decision on the small arms and light weapons and stockpiles of conventional ammunition. Decision on the protection of energy networks from natural and man-made disasters. 4300:

Chairmanship of the OSCE is held by a member state on a calendar-year basis, with the minister for foreign affairs of that state performing the function of chairman-in-office. The table below shows the holders since 1991.

12364: 11512: 3186: 3051: 1137: 1120: 7907: 7108:

The OSCE's Forum for Security Co-operation provides a framework for political dialogue on military reform, while practical activities are conducted by field operations, as well as the Conflict Prevention Centre.

11578: 7140:

UN troops were posted in and around Bosnia and Herzegovina with special emphasis on Sarajevo. From 1991 to 1995, over 200,000 Bosnians were killed and over one million displaced and another million as refugees.

10143: 9120: 7099:

The OSCE works to prevent conflicts from arising and to facilitate lasting comprehensive political settlements for existing conflicts. It also helps with the process of rehabilitation in post-conflict areas.

13058: 7263:

Ensuring the effective interaction of all agents and stake holders involved in the fight against human trafficking, ranging from governmental authorities, law enforcement officials to NGOs, and—last but not

80: 7839:

On 26 May 1993, a Framework for Co-operation and Co-ordination between the United Nations Secretariat and the CSCE was agreed upon, and in October of the same year, the UN granted the CSCE observer status.

666:, signed on 21 November 1990, marked the beginning of this change. The process was capped by the renaming of the CSCE as the OSCE on 1 January 1995, in accordance with the results of a conference held in 8656: 7160:

Among the economic activities of the OSCE feature activities related to migration management, transport and energy security. Most activities are implemented in co-operation with partner organizations.

8502: 1111:

71 trucks and cars were brought to the Luhansk People's Republic and the Donetsk People's Republic as "evidence" and criminal proceedings were initiated against former OSCE personnel for espionage.

8554: 1034:

attention to human and minority rights within the Government-controlled areas of Ukraine. Furthermore, he criticised that the mission did not clearly attribute ceasefire violations to either side.

8991: 11599: 3258: 11983: 10706: 8682: 8704: 1003:

incident that should not be abused to cast a shadow on the reputation of other mission members." The OSCE reported that the monitors were no longer with the OSCE special monitoring mission.

13123: 9117:"Statement by Ambassador Jocelyn Kinnear on the invocation of the Moscow mechanism to address the human rights and humanitarian impacts of Russia's invasion and acts of war against Ukraine" 2914: 9366: 51: 10903: 8528: 7626: 7051:

for weapons. The OSCE helps to stop the—often illegal—spread of such weapons and offers assistance with their destruction. The OSCE hosts the annual exchange of information under the

9336: 8444: 12738: 8471: 10925: 5260:

and can, when requested by the chairmanship, serve as a representative of the chairman-in-office. Since the establishment of the office in 1992, the secretaries general have been:

12822: 12293: 11041: 8347: 7446:

Ukrainian Human Rights Centre Zmina and to the Russian Memorial Human Rights Centre in recognition of their courageous and important efforts to promote human rights and democracy.

57: 10117: 13730: 12064: 8764: 7656: 6529: 13805: 12784: 12779: 12324: 12305: 4235: 3059:

participating states live up to their OSCE commitments. The Parliamentary Assembly also engages in parliamentary diplomacy, and has an extensive election observation program.

14334: 13704: 12334: 8027: 589:, however, saw these talks as a way to reduce the tension in the region, furthering economic cooperation and obtaining humanitarian improvements for the populations of the 13745: 13402: 12733: 12094: 11936: 11609: 6068:

Bucharest Declaration. Bucharest Plan of Action for Combating Terrorism. Creation of the Strategic Police Matters Unit and a Senior Police Adviser in the OSCE Secretariat.

3314: 1144:(b. 1938) secretary general of the OSCE Parliamentary Assembly, who held the post from the organization's inception in 1992 until 2015, faced a challenge from the Latvian 9094: 8372: 12414: 12216: 9359:"Statement by France on the invocation of the Moscow Mechanism to address the human rights and humanitarian impacts of Russia's invasion and acts of war against Ukraine" 8912: 3114:, an OSCE Partner for Co-operation, and an election support team to assist with parliamentary and provincial council elections on 18 September 2005. ODIHR is headed by 12329: 12317: 12106: 11594: 10139: 9116: 3233: 8323: 7220:, a former Finnish Minister of Health and Social Services. Biaudet currently serves as Finnish Ombudsman for Minorities. Her predecessor was former Austrian Minister 12349: 11614: 8414:

Stephanie, Liechtenstein (1 March 2014). "The OSCE Special Monitoring Mission has become the Eyes and Ears of the International Community on the Ground in Ukraine".

3392: 13735: 13510: 13178: 12374: 12044: 11624: 11619: 10565: 3364: 3339: 9064: 13173: 12865: 12354: 10784: 8821: 6566:

Recent Terrorist Attacks. Declaration on Youth and Security. Ministerial Statement on the Negotiations on the Transnistrian Settlement Process in the 5+2 format.

778:

In December 2022 Russia blocked the renewal of the annual mandate by limiting it to a six month period, repeated again in June 2023 to another six month period.

10843: 10756: 8652: 13663: 12339: 11074: 9389:"Report on violations of international humanitarian and human rights law, war crimes and crimes against humanity committed in Ukraine (1 April - 25 June 2022)" 6740:

Declaration on Co-operation With the OSCE Asian Partners. Ministerial Statement on the Negotiations on the Transnistrian Settlement Process in the 5+2 format.

14173: 13954: 12589: 12288: 10873: 9143:"Report on violations of international humanitarian and human rights law, war crimes and crimes against humanity committed in Ukraine since 24 february 2022" 8626: 8494: 7309:

The equality of men and women is an integral part of sustainable democracy. The OSCE aims to provide equal opportunities for men and women and to integrate

7079:

The actions taken by the OSCE in border monitoring range from conflict prevention to post-conflict management, capacity building and institutional support.

12369: 7734:

Despite the Taliban's return to power in 2021, there is no current evidence that the OSCE has removed the country from its list of partners in cooperation.

9421: 8939: 8550: 5701:

Adoption of the Astana Commemorative Declaration, which reconfirms the Organization's comprehensive approach to security based on trust and transparency.

12300: 11573: 11522: 10770: 9455: 8987: 3181: 3082: 1088: 701: 191: 9479: 6236:

Brussels Declaration on Criminal Justice Systems. Ministerial Statement on Supporting and Promoting the International Legal Framework against Terrorism.

5277: 3904:

Personal Representative of the OSCE Chairman-in-Office for Article IV, Annex 1-B of the General Framework Agreement for Peace in Bosnia and Herzegovina

14344: 13258: 12071: 11836: 8236: 8072: 7606: 10710: 8678: 12929: 11792: 10813: 9865: 8708: 3047:

As of October 2021, the OSCE employed 3,568 staff, including 609 in its secretariat and institutions and 2,959 in its 17 field operations.

547: 275: 11831: 10192: 8304: 13395: 13293: 13118: 12975: 12701: 12211: 7972: 7621: 7202: 6203:

Statement on the International Convention for the Suppression of Acts of Nuclear Terrorism. Approval of the Border Security and Management Concept.

3131: 354: 218: 11046: 9827: 7205:, which is aimed at raising public awareness of the problem and building the political will within participating states to tackle it effectively. 7133:

in northeastern Bosnia and Herzegovina which remained in limbo until the Brcko Arbitration Agreement could be decided, finalized and implemented.

6138:

Strategy to Address Threats to Security and Stability in the Twenty-First Century. Strategy Document for the Economic and Environmental Dimension.

12431: 12359: 12312: 9358: 8853: 7358:

The OSCE observes relevant media developments in its participating states with a view to addressing and providing early warning on violations of

6703: 901:

stated that OSCE observers enjoyed immunities. In the event, no incidents between OSCE and Texas authorities were recorded during the elections.

10540: 12935: 12748: 12743: 12668: 10612: 2973:

OSCE does not have international legal personality on account of the lack of legal effect of its charter. As a result, its headquarters' host,

7507:

Armenian organisation which intends to raise public awareness on important issues and reduce the impact of misinformation on decision-making.

13108: 12611: 7671: 7216:, a judge in the Criminal Court of Rome, took Office as the Special Representative in March 2010. From 2006 to 2009, this Office was held by 5533: 10670: 8524: 3153:

Each year the OSCE holds an OSCE Asian Conference with partner nations (currently Australia, Thailand, South Korea, Japan and Afghanistan).

878:

Before the U.S. presidential elections of November 2012, the OSCE announced its intention to send electoral observers to Texas and to other

13810: 13364: 12257: 9328: 8441: 7474:

Belarusian organisation established in 1996 which advocates for the rights of political prisoners in Belarus and against the government of

10785:"Denmark and OSCE-partner countries honours Human Rights Centre ZMINA and Memorial Human Rights Centre with 2022 Democracy Defender Award" 8467: 623:

The concepts of improving relations and implementing the act were developed over a series of follow-up meetings, with major gatherings in

13868: 13388: 13283: 12616: 12153: 12099: 11532: 10929: 7346: 7238:

Assisting governments to develop the national anti-trafficking structures required for efficient internal and transnational co-operation;

6269:

Madrid Declaration on Environment and Security. Ministerial Statement on Supporting the United Nations Global Counter-Terrorism Strategy.

3191: 3122: 2961:

of all signatories to build security and cooperation in Europe on the basis of its provisions. This allows the OSCE to remain a flexible

212: 8397: 8344: 14354: 13714: 12906: 12344: 12283: 11678: 10113: 9667: 8760: 7008: 6449: 4141: 935: 8055: 5569:. Creation of the High Commissioner on National Minorities, the Forum for Security Co-operation and the Economic Forum. Suspension of 926: 14202: 14007: 13298: 13148: 11864: 9955: 9028:"OSCE Chairman-in-Office and Secretary General call for immediate release of detained OSCE officials in areas of Donetsk and Luhansk" 8272: 7641: 7012: 1006:

In April 2017, an OSCE vehicle struck a mine, which killed one SMM member and injured two. Two armoured vehicles were on patrol near

735:. The Mission's mandate expired on 31 December 2008. Between these dates it was powerless to control the outbreak of the August 2008 65: 21: 8731:"Latest from OSCE Special Monitoring Mission to Ukraine (SMM) based on information received as of 18:00 (Kyiv time) 1 December 2014" 7227:

The activities around Combating Trafficking in Human Beings in the OSCE Region of the Office of the Special Representative include:

14364: 14045: 13949: 13238: 12231: 11527: 9984: 9631: 9153: 8587: 8031: 7376: 7117:

OSCE police operations are an integral part of the organization's efforts in conflict prevention and post-conflict rehabilitation.

3171: 3138: 2375: 989: 972:

In 2014, an advisor to the Ukrainian Ministry of Defence wrongly claimed that approximately 80% of the OSCE observers located near

867: 227: 9723: 8790: 7944: 13845: 13699: 13093: 12877: 12143: 12029: 11711: 11537: 7292:

Education programmes are an integral part of the organization's efforts in conflict prevention and post-conflict rehabilitation.

7060: 822: 7231:

Co-operation with governments, helping them to accept and act on their responsibilities for curbing trafficking in human beings;

7201:

Since 2003, the OSCE has had an established mechanism for combating trafficking in human beings, as defined by Article 3 of the

14349: 14339: 14149: 13901: 13683: 13303: 13198: 13003: 12424: 9086: 8369: 914: 10962:

Inside the OSCE. Papers from the seminars for italian universities on the organization for security and co-operation in Europe

9304:"Fourth Interim Report on reported violations of international humanitarian law and international human rights law in Ukraine" 9254:"Second Interim Report on reported violations of international humanitarian law and international human rights law in Ukraine" 8908: 7047:

The end of the Cold War resulted in a huge amount of surplus weapons becoming available in what is known as the international

2977:, had to confer legal personality on the organization in order to be able to sign a legal agreement regarding its presence in 14228: 14115: 13673: 13369: 13253: 13088: 12883: 12252: 11658: 11517: 10973: 9279:"Third Interim Report on reported violations of international humanitarian law and international human rights law in Ukraine" 7646: 7087:

With its expertise in conflict prevention, crisis management and early warning, the OSCE contributes to worldwide efforts in

4198: 3166: 1043: 8965: 14087: 12968: 12817: 12794: 12727: 12694: 11881: 11568: 9556: 8320: 7271:

Guaranteeing the highest possible visibility of the OSCE's fight against human trafficking to focus attention on the issue.

7189:; to promote the principles of democracy by building, strengthening and protecting democratic institutions; and to promote 5256:

While the chairman-in-office is the OSCE's most senior official, on a day-to-day basis the secretary general is the OSCE's

1051: 951: 10455: 9805: 5966:

Creation of the Co-ordinator of OSCE Economic and Environmental Activities and the Representative on Freedom of the Media.

13083: 9697: 8273:"Attorney General Abbott Informs U.S. State Department that International Election Observers Cannot Circumvent Texas Law" 7535:

Serbian organisation established in 2002 to improve the democratic culture, the rule of law and the freedom of the Media

6702:

Occasion of the Twenty-Fifth Anniversary of the OSCE Principles Governing Non-Proliferation and Fifteenth Anniversary of

519: 13976: 9753: 7212:

are coordinated by the Office of the Special Representative and Co-ordinator for Combating Trafficking in Human Beings.

14208: 13964: 13411: 13318: 13098: 12828: 12758: 12148: 12019: 11869: 9229:"Interim Report on reported violations of international humanitarian law and international human rights law in Ukraine" 9054: 8612: 7064: 3205:

Almost all field operations of OSCE have been conducted in countries of former Yugoslavia and the former Soviet Union.

1129:

to the U.S. presidential elections. The OSCE Parliamentary Assembly's president at the time was Democratic Congressman

854: 10005: 9031: 8813: 7826: 4459: 3062: 14213: 13288: 13153: 13038: 11941: 10835: 10222: 9500: 8738: 7862: 7802: 7388:

8 countries, and supported by the delegations of the 18 countries of the OSCE (22 countries in 2017).

7182: 2936: 988:

position; therefore the SMM left due to security concerns". Furthermore, the report states that the "SMM team in the

898: 11071: 4269:

The CiO is assisted by the previous and incoming chairmen-in-office; the three of them together constitute the OSCE

807:

was established by the Permanent Council in October 1998 and shuttered in June 1999 amidst the recalcitrance of the

14198: 14079: 14015: 13128: 12838: 12789: 12498: 12436: 12170: 11747: 10335: 9584: 8133: 7126:

rule of law specifically designed to provide a foundation for judicial organization within Bosnia and Herzegovina.

1071: 818:

took over the work in Kosovo where it concentrates on institution and democracy building, as well as human rights.

10865: 10507: 9522: 14286: 14169: 14020: 13959: 13850: 13835: 13658: 13328: 13248: 13048: 12961: 12843: 12687: 12267: 12126: 10296: 10269: 10032: 8630: 8090: 7563:

Russian organisation established in 2000 to protect the electoral rights of citizens and to foster civil society

7241:

Raising awareness to draw attention to the complexity of the problem and to the need for comprehensive solutions;

7020: 7016: 893:

and to the OSCE, threatening to arrest OSCE officials if they should enter electoral premises in Texas and break

678:

on a Common and Comprehensive Security Model for Europe for the Twenty-First Century" affirmed the universal and

10425: 9895: 8495:"What is the Organisation for Security and Co-Operation in Europe? - Boot Camp & Military Fitness Institute" 6452:, drugs and chemical precursors and strategic policing; despite Ireland's hopes, a decision on human rights was 14030: 13113: 12160: 11123: 10091: 9925: 9779: 9399: 8935: 6032: 5570: 5532:

for a New Europe (Paris Charter), the Vienna Confidence and Security Building Measures (CSBM) Document and the

4004: 3612: 2918: 1096: 1092: 433: 135: 11101: 10395: 9447: 2949:

A unique aspect of the OSCE is the non-binding status of its constitutive charter. Rather than being a formal

14291: 14040: 13766: 13323: 12833: 12545: 12116: 12089: 11673: 11563: 9476: 8613:"The OSCE monitoring mission has stopped using drones to monitor the situation in the rebel-held territories" 8172: 7616: 7052: 1059: 958: 694: 11644:

Personal Representative of the Chairperson-in-Office on the Conflict Dealt with by the OSCE Minsk Conference

10648: 8247: 7143:

The OSCE continues to have a presence and a number of initiatives to bring a sustained peace to the region.

6366:

Informal discussions on Corfu Process progress, the situation in Kyrgyzstan and the forthcoming OSCE summit.

14374: 14359: 14276: 14140: 14130: 13969: 13800: 13709: 13653: 13193: 13188: 13163: 13043: 12753: 12133: 12039: 9087:"Attivazione del Meccanismo di Mosca dell'OSCE sui diritti umani in relazione all'attacco russo in Ucraina" 5257: 4265:

supervising activities related to conflict prevention, crisis management, and post-conflict rehabilitation.

3958: 2686: 1076: 10805: 10248: 9857: 9609: 7885: 5929:

Establishment of the Mission in Bosnia and Herzegovina to carry out the tasks assigned to the OSCE in the

3535:

Personal Representative of the Chairman-in-Office on the Conflict Dealt with by the OSCE Minsk Conference

1010:

when one struck the mine. The dead man was an American paramedic, while the injured included a woman from

992:

was in constant contact with the SMM team in Staromikhailivka". No mention of a wounded observer is made.

14261: 14035: 13790: 12488: 12262: 11810: 11797: 11704: 11668: 10732: 8301: 3991: 1030: 804: 772: 12483: 11921: 13894: 13795: 13668: 13213: 12924: 12392: 12221: 11948: 11826: 11804: 11558: 10960: 10070:"OSCE may collapse over Belarus, Russia's reluctance to approve Estonia's presidency, says Finnish MFA" 10069: 9835: 8843: 7611: 7488: 7456: 7265: 5641:

Lisbon Declaration on a Common and Comprehensive Security Model for Europe for the Twenty-First Century

5353: 4829: 2965:

for the evolution of improved cooperation, which avoids disputes and/or sanctions over implementation.

12679: 10590: 10365: 1026:

contacts in Ukraine. The OSCE issued a statement expressing concern over the alleged security breach.

950:

took eight members of the OSCE Special Monitoring Mission (OSCE SMM) as hostages. The group appointed

14369: 13203: 13068: 13023: 12599: 12404: 12177: 11911: 11886: 11096: 11019: 10532: 10485: 7213: 4222: 3566: 2968:

By agreeing to these commitments, signatories for the first time accepted that treatment of citizens

10623: 6992: 4770: 1082:

In March 2022, 45 participating States promoted, with the support of Ukraine, the activation of the

13278: 13183: 12900: 12895: 12871: 11931: 11901: 11896: 11801: 7545: 4305:

was due to hold the chairmanship in 2024, however, this was not approved following objections from

996: 981: 977: 659: 10166: 9329:"Nuova attivazione del Meccanismo di Mosca dell'OSCE sulla guerra di aggressione russa in Ucraina" 731:

The OSCE Mission to Georgia was established in November 1992 with its headquarters in the capital

14256: 14182: 13986: 13815: 13158: 13103: 12594: 12034: 12003: 11663: 10681: 10049: 8147: 7517: 7224:, who served as the first OSCE Special Representative for Combating Trafficking in Human Beings. 5005: 3933: 2907: 995:

On 27 October 2015, a suspended OSCE monitor confirmed he had been a former employee of Russia's

850: 755:

in all its aspects, strengthening the independence, sovereignty and territorial integrity of the

709:

previously monitored state-level American elections in Florida and California, in 2002 and 2003.

608:. This was signed by the 35 participating states during Stage III, which took place in 582: 436:

comprising member states in Europe, North America, and Asia. Its mandate includes issues such as

14135: 10283:

Observer status for the Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe in the General Assembly

3067: 910: 452:. It employs around 3,460 people, mostly in its field operations but also in its secretariat in 14223: 13143: 13033: 12576: 12535: 12525: 12111: 11697: 11604: 11181: 7676: 6456:

reached: greater, still, was concern for the council's trend of human rights decision-failures.

4588: 4348: 3915: 3385: 3286: 3271: 1438: 834: 815: 449: 372: 14125: 689:

on 19 November 1999, the OSCE ended a two-day summit by calling for a political settlement in

14306: 14218: 14177: 13991: 13887: 13313: 13268: 12984: 12606: 8394: 7573: 7359: 5064: 4665: 4509: 3413: 3126: 3125:, established in December 1997, acts as a watchdog to provide early warning on violations of 1140:

was criticized from within by the Latvian delegation for lacking transparency and democracy.

1055: 752: 639: 9663: 4880: 14154: 13380: 13359: 13343: 12623: 11988: 11874: 8052: 7475: 7068: 5090: 4404: 4374: 3101:, democratic development, human rights, tolerance and non-discrimination, rule of law, and 679: 575: 499: 445: 10733:"National minority standards of the OSCE and the High Commissioner on National Minorities" 9947: 8280: 8073:"Formin expresses regret over Russia and Belarus veto of Estonia's 2024 OSCE chairmanship" 6809: 5282: 4584: 4534: 1087:

violations of international humanitarian law by the Russian Armed Forces in Ukraine. OSCE/

8: 14271: 14250: 14244: 13338: 13078: 12419: 12409: 12236: 12121: 11852: 11772: 11757: 11263: 7338: 7326: 7249: 6433: 6425: 4899: 4429: 4378: 4249: 4165: 3143: 1850: 756: 550:(CSCE). Talks had been mooted about a European security grouping since the 1950s but the 492: 238: 10281: 9977: 9638: 9637:. Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe. 16 November 1999. Archived from 9632:"Vienna Document 1999 of the Negotiations on Confidence- and Security-building Measures" 9142: 8576: 6775: 6743: 6709: 6637: 6603: 6569: 6535: 6497: 6459: 833:

The ongoing Mission to Macedonia is monitoring and supporting the implementation of the

14281: 14164: 12561: 12530: 12520: 11998: 11962: 11752: 11116: 10308: 9719: 7937: 7416: 6401: 6337: 6304: 6272: 6239: 6206: 6173: 6141: 6108: 6071: 6038: 6001: 5969: 5936: 5899: 5864: 5827: 5794: 5762: 5495:

Closing of the Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe (CSCE). Signing of the

2958: 1250: 1206: 887: 736: 675: 467:

The OSCE had its origins in 1975: its predecessors came together during the era of the

11084: 10998: 8786: 7185:

aim to ensure full respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms; to abide by the

976:

were Russian citizens and that many had ties to Russian security agencies such as the

14266: 13632: 13456: 13446: 13428: 13422: 13273: 13133: 12649: 12642: 12557: 12458: 12446: 12195: 12024: 11926: 11906: 11891: 11732: 11724: 11233: 10969: 8215: 7869:

Like the CSCE, the purpose was to promote trust and confidence between East and West.

7858: 7798: 7666: 7631: 7280:

The OSCE claims to promote democracy and assist the participating states in building

7245: 7209: 7170: 7088: 6031:

Vienna Declaration on the OSCE's activities in South-Eastern Europe. Re-admission of

5930: 5858: 5307: 4955: 3897: 3686: 3098: 1676: 1141: 1126: 1022: 617: 503: 140: 13333: 11916: 7591:

Ukrainian activist, coordinator of Euromaidan SOS and leader of Civil Rights Center

7130: 13944: 13840: 13263: 12941: 12912: 12584: 12510: 12493: 12471: 12226: 11542: 11090: 8423: 7773: 7755: 7661: 7055:

treaty. The OSCE has also implemented two additional exchanges of information, the

5607: 5529: 5496: 5399: 5376: 4980: 4855: 3926: 3279: 3055:

Environment, and Committee on Democracy, Human Rights and Humanitarian Questions).

1255: 1182: 1178: 1174: 1162: 1083: 808: 791: 647: 605: 288: 125: 121: 117: 105: 10707:"Conflict Resolution through Democracy Promotion? The Role of the OSCE in Georgia" 7857:. Routledge global institutions (Volume 14). New York, NY: Routledge. p. 41. 6988: 4614: 4559: 3052:

Parliamentary Assembly of the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe

1138:

Parliamentary Assembly of the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe

1121:

Parliamentary Assembly of the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe

14159: 14120: 13981: 13208: 12658: 12565: 12552: 12540: 12515: 12505: 12441: 11333: 11078: 11036: 11023: 10036: 9588: 9483: 8988:"Russia's Foreign Minister Lavrov unhappy with OSCE SMM's performance in Ukraine" 8961: 8653:"Литвин рассказал генсеку ОБСЕ, что критика в адрес Украины не всегда объективна" 8448: 8401: 8376: 8351: 8327: 8308: 8194: 8062:. OSCE Office for Democratic Institutions and Human Rights. Retrieved 2016-12-30. 8059: 7852: 7792: 7725:

Previously referred to by the OSCE as the "Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia"

7310: 7281: 7257: 7056: 6832: 5184: 5060: 4825: 4799: 4433: 4285: 4030: 3377: 3307: 2183: 1170: 1166: 890: 838: 567: 113: 109: 11579:

United States Mission to the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe

10896:"Democracy Defender Award" till engagemang för demokratisk utveckling i Serbien" 10140:"Rau: Most OSCE states support creation of special tribunal to prosecute Russia" 9548: 14301: 14296: 13825: 13223: 13168: 13073: 13013: 12081: 11762: 11418: 11208: 11131: 10447: 10054: 9801: 8381: 7636: 7372: 6445: 5818: 5610:. Endorsement of the Code of Conduct on politico-military aspects of security. 5330: 5030: 4930: 4745: 4720: 4368: 3115: 3022: 2614: 1556: 1130: 1015: 718:

In November 2023 they vetoed the appointment of Estonia as chairman from 2024.

609: 586: 571: 527: 523: 461: 203: 13059:

Bay of Bengal Initiative for Multi-Sectoral Technical and Economic Cooperation

9689: 8427: 14328: 14311: 14145: 13138: 12998: 12722: 12663: 12466: 12165: 11993: 11423: 11288: 11109: 11031: 10956: 10771:"Russian EPDE member "Golos" awarded 2017 Democracy Defender Award in Vienna" 9745: 9055:"OSCE Ukrainian staff members sentenced in Russian-separatist kangaroo court" 8705:"Минобороны: 80% сотрудников ОБСЕ в Мариуполе – россияне, среди них ФСБшники" 8551:"OSCE denies it gave information about Ukrainian troop positions to Russians" 7253: 5034: 4905: 4795: 4695: 3668: 3102: 3086: 2638: 1970: 1210: 1145: 705: 663: 578: 535: 488: 303: 12476: 8814:"OSCE Expresses 'Regret' After Staff Shown at Separatist Wedding in Ukraine" 6334:

Ministerial Declarations on Non-Proliferation and on the OSCE Corfu Process.

5791:

Question of the admission of the Republics of Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania.

14025: 13922: 13910: 13830: 13595: 13505: 13028: 12763: 11787: 11782: 11408: 10001: 9422:"Gestohlene Fahrzeuge, entführte Mitarbeiter: Die OSZE hadert mit Russland" 9027: 9013: 8453: 7818: 7322: 7221: 7041: 5422: 5190: 5165: 4484: 4289: 4281: 3431: 2567: 2314: 1729: 1714: 760: 590: 563: 476: 472: 441: 437: 253: 13772:

GOST (Euro-Asian Council for Standardization, Metrology and Certification)

13064:

Bolivarian Alliance for the Peoples of Our America – Peoples' Trade Treaty

10218: 9496: 8730: 8112: 7146: 7129:

The OSCE had regional offices and field offices, to include the office in

6671: 3579:

The following field missions have been completed, closed or discontinued:

913:

criticized the OSCE for reporting that opposition "No" campaigners in the

14074: 13820: 13678: 13586: 13526: 13434: 13233: 13008: 12953: 12889: 12049: 11777: 11767: 11486: 11446: 11393: 11328: 8442:"Ukraine: kidnapped observers paraded by pro-Russian gunmen in Slavyansk" 7217: 7186: 7048: 6521: 6491: 6132: 5412: 4949: 4669: 4659: 4478: 3176: 3111: 3028: 2954: 2852: 2820: 2496: 2159: 965:

ambassador to the OSCE at the time, described as "seriously inadequate".

943: 883: 787: 767: 751:

is to facilitate a comprehensive and lasting political settlement of the

531: 13626:

Former "participant" that renounced 1991 agreements and 1993 Charter (1)

10327: 9581: 8356: 5672:

Signing of the Istanbul Document and the Charter for European Security.

4270: 3779:

Representative to the Estonian Expert Commission on Military Pensioners

1193: 759:

within its internationally recognised borders with a special status for

13575: 13570: 13555: 13550: 13540: 13515: 13500: 13485: 13480: 13470: 12709: 11978: 11428: 11398: 11363: 11323: 11298: 11278: 11273: 11166: 9526: 7999: 7190: 6441: 6437: 6360: 5695: 4849: 4639: 4074: 3816: 3558: 3523: 3500: 3477: 3454: 3327: 3147: 3006: 2921: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 2662: 2520: 2339: 2136: 2018: 1922: 1898: 1366: 1029:

Russia has accused members of the Mission of working for the Ukrainian

879: 562:

began in November 1972. These talks were held at the suggestion of the

10026: 8787:"That Time A Russian OSCE Monitor in Ukraine Got Drunk, Said Too Much" 8086: 7991: 7797:. Routledge global institutions (Volume 14). New York, NY: Routledge. 6987:

Graphs are unavailable due to technical issues. There is more info on

3642: 14064: 13927: 13124:

Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership

11456: 11293: 10866:"Serbia's 'CRTA' Receives the 2018 Democracy Defender Award | USOSCE" 10417: 10193:"Neutral Malta to chair OSCE after Moscow blocks NATO member Estonia" 9887: 7884:. Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe. 3 July 1973. 7152:

legislation and institutions to promote security in the OSCE region.

6391: 5140: 4874: 3832: 3657: 3014: 2877: 1994: 947: 930:

OSCE SMM monitoring the movement of heavy weaponry in eastern Ukraine

894: 10083: 9917: 9775: 9388: 9303: 9278: 9253: 9228: 9203: 9178: 7908:"EU Statement on the continued crackdown on civil society in Russia" 7268:, as the agencies providing support thorough expertise and know-how; 2896: 597:

Book. Stage II was the main working phase and was conducted in

491:. The participating countries comprise much of the land area of the 13218: 12918: 12138: 11491: 11378: 11373: 11348: 11318: 11248: 11186: 10533:"UNMIBH: United Nations Mission in Bosnia Herzegovina - Background" 10387: 9666:. Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe. p. 7. 9059: 8679:"Россия узнала от ОБСЕ места дислокации ряда подразделений сил АТО" 8331: 6695: 6197: 6165: 6095: 5633: 5343: 5220: 5115: 5084: 4714: 4689: 4633: 3886: 3085:(ODIHR), established in 1991 following a decision made at the 1990 2836: 2424: 2400: 2254: 2114: 1778: 1461: 973: 690: 686: 667: 624: 613: 551: 539: 468: 181: 13605:

1991 agreements parties that do not participate in the summits (2)

11689: 8525:"OSCE relaunches long-range surveillance drone program in Ukraine" 8168: 8053:"Presidential Election, 2 November 2004, United States of America" 7774:"OSCE - Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe 2023" 7756:"OSCE - Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe 2022" 7627:

Conference on Interaction and Confidence-Building Measures in Asia

7007:

The OSCE considers itself a regional organization in the sense of

2957:, the Helsinki Final Act represents a political commitment by the 14110: 14069: 13616: 13611: 13560: 13545: 13535: 13490: 13475: 13465: 12739:

Electoral Institute for the Sustainability of Democracy in Africa

11496: 11481: 11451: 11413: 11353: 11308: 11258: 11253: 11238: 11223: 11218: 11213: 11197: 11176: 11171: 11161: 11156: 11151: 11146: 11066: 10640: 10313: 9179:"The legal framework applicable to the armed conflict in Ukraine" 8848: 8468:"Наблюдатели ОБСЕ возили в своем автомобиле вооруженных боевиков" 8370:"OSCE: Turkey referendum 'contested on an unlevel playing field'" 7586: 7502: 7469: 7429: 6733: 6627: 6593: 6483: 6296: 6230: 6062: 6025: 5960: 5923: 5753: 5596: 5559: 5489: 5435: 5297: 5240: 5109: 5024: 4999: 4924: 4789: 4739: 4608: 4578: 4503: 4453: 4342: 4310: 4302: 4240: 4211: 4183: 4154: 4100: 4048: 3976: 3947: 3790: 3764: 3712: 3546: 3405: 3246: 3041: 3033: 3002: 2974: 2861: 2778: 2763: 2703: 2590: 2278: 2066: 1826: 1802: 1700: 1628: 1604: 1580: 1509: 1414: 1390: 1342: 1318: 1294: 1270: 1047: 1011: 1007: 748: 732: 457: 95: 12823:

International Centre for Human Rights and Democratic Development

11056:

United States Institute of Peace online training course for OSCE

8936:"Russia Detains OSCE Monitor, Accuses Him Of Spying For Ukraine" 7031: 1079:

for "alleged high treason and espionage for the United States."

13879: 13565: 13495: 12859: 11720: 11476: 11466: 11403: 11388: 11368: 11358: 11343: 11338: 11313: 11283: 11243: 11228: 11203: 11191: 11097:

Postage stamps of Moldova celebrating her admission to the OSCE

11062: 11050: 10244: 9601: 7914:. The Permanent Delegation of Norway to the OSCE. 8 July 2021. 7881: 7854:

The Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE)

7794:

The Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE)

7657:

Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe statistics

7558: 7530: 7441: 6799: 6767: 6559: 6530:

General Framework Agreement for Peace in Bosnia and Herzegovina

6328: 5993: 5851: 5785: 5666: 5522: 5366: 5159: 5134: 4974: 4819: 4553: 4528: 4398: 4306: 4277: 4126: 4115:

Observer Mission at the Russian Checkpoints Gukovo and Donetsk

4019: 3871: 3845: 3738: 3627: 3352: 3299: 3094: 3090: 3071: 3037: 3018: 3010: 2998: 2978: 2950: 2748: 2733: 2543: 2472: 2363: 2302: 2230: 2206: 2090: 1946: 1754: 1652: 1532: 1485: 632: 628: 598: 566:

which wished to use the talks to maintain its control over the

555: 480: 453: 91: 12785:

International Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance

12780:

Association of Central and Eastern European Election Officials

11004: 8909:"OSCE Ukraine mission says claim of Russian spying 'big blow'" 13053: 13018: 11471: 11461: 11383: 11303: 11268: 7329:

and religion, preventing torture and trafficking in persons.

6859: 6661: 6263: 5890: 5857:

Creation of the post of Secretary General and appointment of

5389: 5320: 5212: 5054: 4764: 4423: 3106: 3075: 2804: 2718: 2448: 2042: 1874: 1065: 559: 13410: 12734:

Consortium for Elections and Political Process Strengthening

10582: 8345:

President Erdoğan slams OSCE over referendum campaign report

13771: 13308: 13228: 13063: 12060:

Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE)

12054: 11133:

Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE)

11010: 10357: 9582:

Making a credible case for a legal personality for the OSCE

8879:"Land Mine Kills American on Monitoring Mission in Ukraine" 7651: 7342: 6877: 5446: 3602:

Missions of Long Duration in Kosovo, Sandjak and Vojvodina

2788: 484: 28: 11016: 10671:"Combating Trafficking in Human Beings in the OSCE Region" 10477: 8761:"Suspended OSCE monitor confirms he's Russian GRU officer" 5707: 3097:, and is active throughout the OSCE area in the fields of 921: 11055: 8279:. Texas Attorney General. 25 October 2012. Archived from 8030:. USA Today. usatoday.com. 10 August 2004. Archived from 8000:"OSCE: Summit Hears Clinton, Yeltsin Comment On Chechnya" 7181:

The commitments made by OSCE participating States in the

781: 775:

as two of the parties were then at war with each other.

631:(11 November 1980 – 9 September 1983) and 13179:

GUAM Organization for Democracy and Economic Development

10992: 10836:"2019 Democracy Defender Award Seminar and Presentation" 9894:. Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe. 9746:"History of the Academy :: OSCE Academy in Bishkek" 7136:

Brcko become a "special district" and remains so today.

7019:. The Chairman-in-Office gives routine briefings to the 4642:(until 6 April); António Martins da Cruz (from 7 April) 4255:

The responsibilities of the chairman-in-office include:

904: 13174:

Forum for the Progress and Integration of South America

12866:

Caucasus Institute for Peace, Democracy and Development

11086:

Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe (1975)

10114:"Russia attempting to hold OSCE hostage, chairman says" 8321:"Erdogan slams OSCE ahead of constitutional referendum" 8028:"U.S. invites international observers to Nov. election" 7967: 7965: 7147:

Economic and environmental dimension (second dimension)

9978:"Decision No. 5/20 OSCE Chairmanship in the Year 2023" 9802:"Closed field operations and related field activities" 9497:"OSCE website now available in six official languages" 8962:"Ukraine crisis: Russia accuses OSCE monitors of bias" 8134:"OSCE Moldova mission mandate extended for six months" 6876:

Since 1993, the OSCE's budget by year (in millions of

5606:. Approval of a multi-national peace-keeping force to 612:

between 30 July – 1 August 1975. It was opened by the

554:

prevented any substantial progress until the talks at

460:, and its institutions. It has observer status at the 20:"OSCE" redirects here. For the examination model, see 13585:

Self-proclaimed "associate member" as defined in the

7882:"Final Recommendations of the Helsinki Consultations" 6105:. OSCE Charter on Preventing and Combating Terrorism. 4284:

serving as chairman-in-office. The chair for 2023 is

1058:. The OSCE sent international experts to monitor the 479:. Most of its 57 participating countries are in 14335: