174:
1068:
253:
222:
241:
210:
189:
127:
103:
5313:
149:
138:
115:
161:
52:
1263:
1338:, Eisenhower "turned to Antwerp, which despite the long-delayed capture of Le Havre on 12 September, of Brest on the 18th and of Calais on the 30th, remained, as the closest, largest and best-preserved of the ports, the necessary solution to the difficulties of supply." Antwerp was not opened until 29 November 1944 after the
1087:, across the Second Army line of advance, to cut off the route towards Paris and was a partial success. Although much of its remaining transport and the bulk of its armour was lost west of the Seine, Army Group B held up the Canadians, protecting improvised river crossings and significant quantities of men and
1330:
oil pipeline (Dumbo) was of great benefit, becoming the "... main supplies of fuel during the winter and spring campaigns" of the Allies. It has been questioned whether the capture of the defended ports was worthwhile, given the need for much effort to bring them into use and the greater potential
1325:
Although Dieppe came rapidly into use, it could supply only a quarter of the needs of the 21st Army Group. The capture of Le Havre, Boulogne, Calais and Ostend only eased Allied supply problems after extensive clearance of debris and mines. Ostend was restricted to personnel only but the
Boulogne
947:
had ordered that most of the
Channel ports be established as fortresses and prepared to withstand a siege. Since the Allies needed the port facilities to supply their advance, they could not be sealed off and left to wither on the vine. The Germans had established artillery positions capable of
926:
were to be destroyed and
Antwerp was to be captured. The First Canadian Army was required to cross the Seine and capture Dieppe and Le Havre with the minimum of forces and delay, while occupying the coast as far as Bruges. The Canadian army was to advance with a strong right wing and envelop
1298:
Ostend had been omitted from Hitler's list of "fortresses" and so was evacuated, despite its strong defences. The port had been demolished. The 1st Polish
Armoured Division crossed the Belgian border and captured Ypres on 6 September, reaching the
1058:
but divisions deployed east of the Allied bridgehead were largely intact. German troops within the "fortress cities" were generally second-rate and included some
Austrian and other nationalities, that were not trusted enough to carry arms.
1277:
estuary and open the port of
Antwerp, which had been captured intact. A brigade sized force was left to isolate Dunkirk, which eventually surrendered on 9 May 1945, after the general German surrender. The investment was conducted by the
907:, slowed the advance across the Dives delta. On 16 August, German resistance faltered; Canadian reconnaissance had been ordered on 19 August and the authorization for a full advance and pursuit by the Canadians was issued on 23 August.
1272:
Although
Dunkirk had been reached by 7 September, it soon became clear that the garrison would fight to hold a port that was largely destroyed. It was then judged to be a better use of men and materiel to clear the Germans from the
1035:, which were to gain "operational experience in quieter sections of the line in the hope that ultimately they would return to their own countries and form nuclei around which larger national forces might be organized".
5374:
973:
and the I British Corps. Within these formations, at various times, were Czech, Polish, French, Dutch and
Belgian units. After Normandy, the Polish and Czech formations were augmented by countrymen who had been
1604:. History of the Second World War, United Kingdom Military Series. Vol. II (pbk. facs. repr. Imperial War Museum Department of Printed Books and Naval & Military Press ed.). Uckfield, UK: HMSO.
1130:
downstream to the Seine on 26 August, completing its tasks in France and the division returned to
Britain on 3 September. Clearance of the last German units west of the Seine was completed on 30 August.
942:
on 6 September and
Canadian units were at Dunkirk on 7 September, just fifteen days after Falaise, despite their losses in the Normandy battles. There was significant resistance in the Canadian sector.
5379:
1178:
in 1942. A ceremonial parade was held on 5 September and despite demolitions, the port was cleared and in use on 7 September, a delivery of oil and petrol being shipped to Brussels on 9 September.
1196:, specialized armoured vehicles of the 79th Armoured Division and bombardment from land, sea and air. It was taken on 12 September after 48 hours but the port needed lengthy clearance and repair.
1012:. The infantry divisions had not performed satisfactorily in Normandy and had been relegated to defensive positions on the eastern flank of the bridgehead. The 6th Airborne Division had landed in
1126:
on the Seine estuary but progress along the coast was slower than inland, rivers being wider and more difficult to cross. The 6th Airborne Division occupied the west bank of the Risle from
1079:. It had been hoped by the Allied commanders that a defeat comparable with the Falaise Pocket could be inflicted on the Germans by trapping them against the Seine and the sea. The American
584:
1240:
was quickly captured, though an early attack on Cap Gris Nez failed. The assault on Calais itself opened on 25 September and the town fell on 30 September. A second attack on the
5364:
985:
The First Canadian Army had fought several battles in Normandy, resulting in depleted commanders and manpower at all levels. This was particularly serious in the infantry
3884:
549:
3629:
3237:
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3253:
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5214:
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577:
544:
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Boulogne was reached on 5 September but the garrison had received the Hitler "fortress" order. The city was protected by high ground and was attacked by the
3209:
3155:
2341:
1668:. Official History of the Canadian Army in the Second World War. Vol. III (online ed.). The Queen's Printer and Controller of Stationery Ottawa.
333:
1027:, had been ordered to harry the German retreat yet conserve its manpower for the rebuilding that was due. The 6th Airborne Division was reinforced by the
3666:
3162:
2778:
1244:
opened on 29 September and the positions secured by the afternoon of the same day. Despite the strong defences and although the city had been declared a
1170:
Dieppe had been abandoned by the Germans before the order Hitler sent for it to be defended as a "fortress" had been received and it was captured by the
1994:
1972:. History of the Second World War United Kingdom Military series. Vol. III. Part 5 (Imperial War Museum and Battery Press ed.). London: HMSO.
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2188:
1622:
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570:
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was to operate on the inland flank of the Canadians and dash for Amiens, cutting the communications of the German forces facing the Canadian Army.
536:
2034:(pdf). Command and General Staff College (CGSC), School of Advanced Military Studies (SAMS) Monograph. US Army Command and General Staff College.
3289:
2601:
3108:
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1925:
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A long and costly operation was required to clear the Germans from both banks of the Scheldt, so that the Port of Antwerp could be opened.
1032:
4750:
3817:
3729:
3673:
3636:
2918:
1933:. Official History of the Canadian Army in the Second World War. Vol. III. The Queen's Printer and Controller of Stationery Ottawa.
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2454:
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was able only to oppose the advance with sporadic resistance, wary of being outflanked and isolated by the rapidly advancing British
5077:
2896:
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2433:
2299:
2110:
326:
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to clear the approaches to the Port Of Antwerp, which had been delayed by Montgomery. This largely solved Allied supply problems.
3972:
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2154:
1705:
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43:
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1977:
1914:
1895:
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1830:
1807:
1788:
1769:
1747:
1609:
1587:
1472:
1248:, the garrison needed little persuasion to surrender and their reluctance to fight to the end was repeated at Cap Gris Nez.
1139:
I British Corps put patrols across the Seine on 31 August. The advance to the Seine had outstripped the preparations of the
5004:
4411:
4297:
3462:
2929:
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2903:
2507:
1001:
4919:
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319:
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1847:(pdf). Fort Leavenworth, KS: School of Advanced Military Studies United States Army Command and General Staff College.
1147:
across the Seine at Elbeuf on 27 August. Ferries for wheeled and armoured vehicles were in operation in the afternoon.
969:
The composition of the First Canadian Army varied to meet changing demands but in general terms it was composed of the
743:
1997:(pdf) (Combined Arms Research Library Digital Library online ed.). 21st Army Group. 2008 . N10209. Archived from
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4126:
4098:
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2014:
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17:
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they had insufficient reserves of manpower and equipment to resist and no defence lines between Normandy and the
819:
131:
3194:
2762:
2017:(pdf) (Combined Arms Research Library Digital Library online ed.). British Army of the Rhine. 2004 . N13331
1222:
On 1 September, the last V-1 was launched against London as the Canadians were moving through the launch areas.
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4834:
4071:
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377:
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4112:
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1998:
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resistance by swinging towards the coast; support could be expected from the First Allied Airborne Army. The
748:
1677:
5325:
5221:
4596:
4557:
3476:
3311:
3296:
3223:
3202:
3020:
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2172:
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1633:
1578:
United Kingdom Military Series. Vol. I (repr. Naval & Military Press, Uckfield ed.). London:
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1961:
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and despite its lack of heavy weapons, remained defending the area. It had suffered many casualties and
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501:
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713:
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on the right of the Canadians and executed an orderly retreat north-eastwards towards the Scheldt.
426:
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2419:
2147:
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1942:
1842:
Breaching the Ramparts: The 3rd Canadian Infantry Division's Capture of Boulogne in World War Two
1819:
British Intelligence in the Second World War. Its influence on Strategy and Operations (abridged)
1709:
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226:
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3924:
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3013:
2983:
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2500:
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The I British Corps advanced along the Channel coast, with the II Canadian Corps on the right.
823:
774:
399:
5332:
5055:
4898:
4794:
4764:
4720:
4460:
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4418:
4341:
4239:
3680:
3657:
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3115:
2652:
2392:
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2061:
1339:
1312:
1274:
1211:
847:
804:
695:
489:
453:
419:
257:
2950:
883:, with four divisions, attached to the Canadian army, had been advancing eastwards from the
5156:
5011:
4662:
4619:
4589:
4515:
4325:
4304:
3230:
2707:
2385:
1161:
443:
1698:"Chapter XII: The Campaign in North-West Europe: The Battle of Normandy, June–August 1944"
8:
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4404:
3538:
3304:
2831:
2661:
2645:
2594:
1193:
770:
732:
720:
707:
631:
409:
245:
1841:
871:
The German armies had strongly resisted the Allied break-out from Normandy and when the
5267:
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for bridging equipment and assault boats but newly assembled assault boats carried the
911:
777:
646:
618:
611:
484:
477:
404:
367:
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was cancelled and the garrison contained. Troops investing Dunkirk were freed for the
5258:
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5032:
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4866:
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4814:
4757:
4711:
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4480:
4218:
4210:
4147:
4000:
3594:
3126:
2587:
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2035:
1973:
1934:
1910:
1891:
1872:
1848:
1826:
1803:
1784:
1765:
1743:
1669:
1605:
1583:
1551:
1351:
1287:
1231:
1205:
1187:
1017:
970:
800:
680:
666:
661:
651:
625:
516:
394:
387:
382:
372:
1071:
British troops cross the River Seine over a Bailey bridge at Vernon, 27 August 1944.
5177:
5170:
5114:
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4543:
4529:
4432:
4369:
4320:
4133:
3986:
3933:
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3694:
3608:
2838:
2815:
2348:
2032:
Rough Road to Antwerp: The First Canadian Army's Operations Along the Channel Coast
1909:(repr. Cassell Military Paperbacks ed.). London: Martin Secker & Warburg.
685:
506:
2357:
1480:
5200:
4912:
4827:
4785:
4683:
4626:
4494:
4276:
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3796:
3378:
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2608:
1965:
1327:
1095:
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953:
915:
851:
701:
521:
5312:
5207:
4743:
4669:
2721:
2580:
1106:, opened an important route eastwards. Next day, the next natural barrier, the
1055:
876:
872:
448:
414:
120:
5348:
5018:
2943:
2792:
2631:
2039:
1938:
1852:
1673:
1555:
1356:
919:
792:
726:
1623:"Part IV: First Canadian Army in the Pursuit (23 Aug – 30 Sep) (Report 183)"
842:
were subjected to set-piece assaults, after massed bombing and an attack on
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3326:
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2320:
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993:
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944:
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562:
252:
221:
214:
194:
918:
commander, issued a directive on 26 August, that all German forces in the
311:
5375:
Naval battles and operations of World War II involving the United Kingdom
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3280:
3101:
3086:
2440:
1539:
1175:
884:
166:
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795:
needed to supply the Allied armies, clear the Germans from the Channel
51:
4574:
3979:
3776:
3587:
3385:
3340:
2861:
1632:. Historical section, Canadian Military Headquarters. Archived from
904:
2845:
2573:
1927:
The Victory Campaign: The operations in North-West Europe 1944–1945
1662:
The Victory Campaign: The Operations in North-West Europe 1944–1945
1630:
Canadian Participation in the Operations in North West Europe, 1944
1123:
1088:
923:
896:
835:
831:
796:
784:
2015:
Notes on the Operations of 21 Army Group, 6 June 1944 – 5 May 1945
1214:
with extensive air and artillery support from 17 to 22 September.
1098:
were evacuated by the Germans around 24 August and the capture of
952:, threatening allied shipping and there were launch sites for the
1237:
1111:
1099:
900:
855:
843:
788:
154:
3455:
2053:
1821:. History of the Second World War (2nd rev. ed.). London:
1084:
892:
839:
827:
240:
209:
108:
1654:"XIV; Clearing the Coastal Belt and the Ports, September 1944"
5380:
Allied logistics in the Western European Campaign (1944–1945)
3643:
1781:
Cinderella Army: The Canadians in Northwest Europe, 1944–1945
1107:
949:
939:
1652:
Stacey, Colonel Charles Perry; Bond, Major C. C. J. (1960).
1822:
1579:
1547:
1192:
Le Havre was attacked by the I British Corps, supported by
1174:
on 1 September, which had last been in the port during the
1103:
1923:
1885:
1762:
Monty's Men: The British Army and the Liberation of Europe
1262:
1075:
The First Canadian Army advance to the Seine was called
899:
but deliberate flooding by the Germans, the defences of
2715:
Treaty on the Final Settlement with Respect to Germany
1995:
Clearing of the Scheldt Estuary, October–November 1944
934:
It is a measure of the German disintegration that the
780:
and the victory, break-out and pursuit from Normandy.
1970:
The Strategic Air Offensive against Germany 1939–1945
1516:
791:
river in Belgium. En route, they were to capture the
5365:
Battles of World War II involving the United Kingdom
1924:
Stacey, Colonel C. P.; Bond, Major C. C. J. (1960).
1389:
1377:
1600:; et al. (2004a) . Butler, Sir James (ed.).
27:World War II campaign to liberate northern France
5346:
1960:
1764:(pbk. ed.). London: Yale University Press.
996:), attached to the First Canadian Army, had the
1890:. Vol. III (pbk. ed.). London: HMSO.
1886:St George Saunders, H.; Richards, D. (1975) .
1871:(rev. enl. ed.). London: New Generation.
854:, cleared the mouth of the Scheldt and opened
2069:
1236:Calais was sealed off in early September and
578:
327:
1544:Grand Strategy: August 1943 – September 1944
895:and overran the German coastal artillery at
850:, where the First Canadian Army reduced the
592:
1572:Victory in the West: The Battle of Normandy
341:
2076:
2062:
1651:
1602:Victory in the West: The Defeat of Germany
1225:
1054:B) had been destroyed in Normandy and the
585:
571:
334:
320:
1888:Royal Air Force 1939–45: The Fight is Won
1509:
1507:
1290:members were converted to regular units.
1267:Diagram showing the investment of Dunkirk
1033:Royal Netherlands Brigade (Prinses Irene)
185:
5370:Battles of World War II involving France
5360:Battles of World War II involving Canada
2029:
1401:
1261:
1102:, about 45 km (28 mi) east of
1066:
866:
170:
1904:
1839:
1816:
1797:
1756:
1062:
14:
5347:
3923:
3901:Romanian prisoners in the Soviet Union
1840:LeBlanc, S. S. G. (23 November 2016).
1692:
1596:
1538:
1522:
1504:
1455:
1286:members assisted with information and
5355:Western European Campaign (1944–1945)
4772:Gilbert and Marshall Islands campaign
4204:Japanese invasion of French Indochina
3850:Italian prisoners in the Soviet Union
3806:Finnish prisoners in the Soviet Union
2911:Rape during the occupation of Germany
2057:
1866:
1737:
1702:Official History of the Canadian Army
1562:
1395:
1383:
1134:
1118:, with other units close behind. The
566:
315:
3894:Polish prisoners in the Soviet Union
2926:Rape during the liberation of France
1778:
1002:49th (West Riding) Infantry Division
989:. The I British Corps (commanded by
24:
4120:German invasion of the Netherlands
2400:Weather events during World War II
1800:Normandy 1944: The Road to Victory
1726:
1618:
1470:
1464:
1410:
1122:of the 6th Airborne Division took
25:
5391:
4751:Northern Burma and Western Yunnan
1968:(1994) . Butler, J. R. M. (ed.).
1280:1st Czechoslovak Armoured Brigade
818:declared the Channel ports to be
5311:
2083:
964:
873:German front collapsed in August
783:The Canadian army advanced from
251:
239:
220:
208:
187:
172:
159:
147:
136:
125:
113:
101:
50:
2030:Williams, M. P. (22 May 2014).
1783:. University of Toronto Press.
1740:Warship Losses of World War Two
1576:History of the Second World War
1495:
1217:
830:were taken without opposition.
297:13,100 killed, wounded, missing
4998:Vietnamese famine of 1944–1945
2708:Territorial changes of Germany
2616:Indonesian National Revolution
1706:Department of National Defence
1446:
1437:
1428:
1419:
1368:
1172:2nd Canadian Infantry Division
1150:
1145:3rd Canadian Infantry Division
773:in August 1944, following the
13:
1:
4398:Japanese invasion of Thailand
4349:Anglo-Soviet invasion of Iran
4113:German invasion of Luxembourg
2494:Mediterranean and Middle East
1531:
1473:"The port of Dunkirk in WWII"
1010:British 6th Airborne Division
861:
749:End of World War II in Europe
4305:Invasion of the Soviet Union
3994:Occupation of Czechoslovakia
3312:Independent State of Croatia
1362:
1320:
1029:1st Belgian Infantry Brigade
936:1st Polish Armoured Division
891:and attached units captured
7:
5289:End of World War II in Asia
5129:Western invasion of Germany
4636:Chinese famine of 1942–1943
4613:Second Battle of El Alamein
4183:Hundred Regiments Offensive
4155:Battle of the Mediterranean
4008:Italian invasion of Albania
2182:Air warfare of World War II
1802:. Staplehurst: Spellmount.
1742:. London: Arms and Armour.
1345:
1199:
1181:
10:
5396:
5215:Naval bombardment of Japan
4583:First Battle of El Alamein
4502:Battle of Christmas Island
4447:Japanese invasion of Burma
4211:Italian invasion of Greece
4127:German invasion of Belgium
4099:German invasion of Denmark
4072:1939–1940 Winter Offensive
3941:Second Italo-Ethiopian War
2205:Comparative military ranks
1310:
1306:
1293:
1255:
1251:
1229:
1203:
1185:
1159:
1110:was crossed just north of
959:
763:Clearing the Channel Coast
37:Clearing the Channel Coast
5304:
5136:Bratislava–Brno offensive
5076:
5067:Dutch famine of 1944–1945
4804:
4691:Allied invasion of Sicily
4645:
4551:Aleutian Islands campaign
4523:Zhejiang-Jiangxi campaign
4470:
4461:Greek famine of 1941–1944
4356:Second Battle of Changsha
4261:German invasion of Greece
4229:
4106:Battle of Zaoyang–Yichang
4081:
4019:
3914:
3795:
3521:
3431:
3279:
2982:
2973:
2731:
2556:
2448:North and Central Pacific
2409:
2171:
2164:
2091:
1905:Shulman, Milton (2003) .
1155:
1041:
799:and launch sites for the
606:
353:
288:
263:
232:
201:
94:
60:
49:
41:
36:
4728:Allied invasion of Italy
4705:Solomon Islands campaign
4454:Third Battle of Changsha
4051:First Battle of Changsha
3957:Second Sino-Japanese War
2897:German military brothels
2763:United States war crimes
1817:Hinsley, F. H. (1994) .
1141:Royal Canadian Engineers
1006:51st (Highland) Division
903:and positions nearby at
5150:Second Guangxi campaign
5005:Philippines (1944–1945)
4509:Battle of the Coral Sea
4412:Fall of the Philippines
4058:Battle of South Guangxi
3964:Battles of Khalkhin Gol
3370:Italian Social Republic
1566:; et al. (2004) .
1546:. Vol. V. London:
1336:Operation Market Garden
1258:Siege of Dunkirk (1944)
1226:Calais and Cap Gris Nez
1083:advanced northwards to
769:task undertaken by the
637:Siegfried Line campaign
345:Siegfried Line campaign
227:Gustav-Adolf von Zangen
68:September–November 1944
44:Siegfried Line Campaign
4735:Armistice of Cassibile
4537:Battle of Dutch Harbor
4488:Battle of the Java Sea
4391:Attack on Pearl Harbor
4291:Syria–Lebanon campaign
4284:Battle of South Shanxi
4254:Invasion of Yugoslavia
4037:Battle of the Atlantic
3651:Korean Liberation Army
3364:(until September 1943)
3321:(until September 1944)
3299:(until September 1944)
1452:Report 183, pp.133-135
1269:
1242:Cap Gris Nez batteries
1120:6th Airlanding Brigade
1072:
202:Commanders and leaders
4899:Second Battle of Guam
4795:Bengal famine of 1943
4765:Second Battle of Kiev
4721:Battle of the Dnieper
4426:Battle of Wake Island
4298:East African campaign
4240:Battle of South Henan
3885:atrocities by Germans
3658:Korean Volunteer Army
2639:Occupation of Germany
2393:Music in World War II
1869:Infantry Tank Warfare
1738:Brown, David (1990).
1340:Battle of the Scheldt
1334:After the failure of
1313:Battle of the Scheldt
1265:
1212:3rd Canadian Division
1070:
998:7th Armoured Division
889:6th Airborne Division
887:along the coast. The
867:Normandy to the Seine
848:Battle of the Scheldt
289:Casualties and losses
5185:Surrender of Germany
4663:Battle of West Hubei
4620:Guadalcanal campaign
4590:Battle of Stalingrad
4516:Battle of Madagascar
3290:Albania protectorate
3077:(formerly Swaziland)
2786:Wehrmacht war crimes
2602:Expulsion of Germans
2386:Art and World War II
2284:British contribution
2233:Governments in exile
1798:Doherty, R. (2004).
1779:Copp, Terry (2006).
1443:Report 183, pp.65-67
1434:Report 183, pp.53-55
1331:benefit of Antwerp.
1162:Liberation of France
1094:The towns along the
1063:Advance to the Seine
858:to Allied shipping.
271:4 infantry divisions
269:2 armoured divisions
5275:Potsdam Declaration
5164:Italy (Spring 1945)
4927:Liberation of Paris
4384:Siege of Sevastopol
3402:(until August 1944)
3305:Wang Jingwei regime
3127:from September 1943
3087:from September 1944
3025:from September 1944
2885:Romanian war crimes
2876:Persecution of Jews
2862:Croatian war crimes
2832:Japanese war crimes
2646:Occupation of Japan
2595:First Indochina War
2307:Military production
2219:Declarations of war
2001:on 10 December 2017
1948:on 21 December 2020
1680:on 21 December 2020
982:and changed sides.
956:bombarding London.
771:First Canadian Army
744:Invasion of Germany
550:Services and supply
473:Nijmegen bridgehead
246:First Canadian Army
5268:Surrender of Japan
5101:Battle of Iwo Jima
4950:Belgrade offensive
4363:Siege of Leningrad
4247:Battle of Shanggao
4176:British Somaliland
4141:Dunkirk evacuation
4092:Norwegian campaign
4030:Invasion of Poland
3857:Japanese prisoners
2825:Italian war crimes
2756:British war crimes
2671:Soviet occupations
2455:South-West Pacific
2342:Allied cooperation
2300:Military equipment
1907:Defeat in the West
1867:Plant, J. (2014).
1564:Ellis, Major L. F.
1513:Chapter XIV, p.356
1461:Chapter XIV, p.355
1416:Chapter XII, p.320
1301:Ghent–Bruges Canal
1284:Belgian Resistance
1270:
1166:Operation Fusilade
1135:Crossing the Seine
1073:
991:Lieutenant-General
912:Bernard Montgomery
778:Operation Overlord
77:France and Belgium
5342:
5341:
5300:
5299:
5143:Battle of Okinawa
5042:Burma (1944–1945)
4876:Mariana and Palau
4656:Tunisian campaign
4481:Fall of Singapore
4405:Fall of Hong Kong
4148:Battle of Britain
4001:Operation Himmler
3910:
3909:
3574:Dutch East Indies
3217:Southern Rhodesia
2969:
2968:
2869:Genocide of Serbs
2772:German war crimes
2749:Soviet war crimes
2742:Allied war crimes
2588:Division of Korea
2567:Chinese Civil War
2365:Strategic bombing
2277:Manhattan Project
1979:978-0-89839-205-0
1916:978-0-304-36603-3
1897:978-0-11-771594-3
1878:978-1-78507-158-4
1832:978-0-11-630961-7
1809:978-1-86227-224-8
1790:978-0-8020-3925-5
1771:978-0-300-20534-3
1749:978-0-85368-802-0
1611:978-1-84574-059-7
1589:978-1-84574-058-0
1501:Report 183, p.157
1352:Operation Undergo
1288:French Resistance
1232:Operation Undergo
1206:Operation Wellhit
1188:Operation Astonia
971:II Canadian Corps
757:
756:
560:
559:
310:
309:
306:84,071 casualties
294:14,300 casualties
284:
278:
90:
89:
56:The Channel coast
16:(Redirected from
5387:
5335:
5328:
5321:
5318:World portal
5316:
5315:
5291:
5284:
5277:
5270:
5261:
5254:
5247:
5238:
5231:
5224:
5217:
5210:
5203:
5194:
5187:
5180:
5178:Prague offensive
5173:
5171:Battle of Berlin
5166:
5159:
5152:
5145:
5138:
5131:
5124:
5117:
5115:Vienna offensive
5110:
5103:
5096:
5094:Battle of Manila
5089:
5069:
5060:
5051:
5044:
5035:
5028:
5021:
5014:
5007:
5000:
4993:
4984:
4975:
4968:
4959:
4952:
4945:
4938:
4929:
4922:
4915:
4908:
4901:
4894:
4887:
4878:
4871:
4862:
4853:
4844:
4837:
4835:Korsun–Cherkassy
4830:
4819:
4797:
4788:
4781:
4774:
4767:
4760:
4753:
4746:
4737:
4730:
4723:
4716:
4707:
4700:
4693:
4686:
4679:
4677:Bombing of Gorky
4672:
4665:
4658:
4638:
4631:
4622:
4615:
4608:
4599:
4592:
4585:
4578:
4567:
4560:
4553:
4546:
4544:Battle of Midway
4539:
4532:
4530:Battle of Gazala
4525:
4518:
4511:
4504:
4497:
4490:
4483:
4463:
4456:
4449:
4442:
4440:Battle of Borneo
4435:
4433:Malayan campaign
4428:
4421:
4414:
4407:
4400:
4393:
4386:
4379:
4377:Bombing of Gorky
4372:
4370:Battle of Moscow
4365:
4358:
4351:
4344:
4337:
4330:
4314:
4307:
4300:
4293:
4286:
4279:
4270:
4263:
4256:
4249:
4242:
4222:
4213:
4206:
4199:
4192:
4185:
4178:
4171:
4164:
4157:
4150:
4143:
4136:
4134:Battle of France
4129:
4122:
4115:
4108:
4101:
4094:
4074:
4067:
4060:
4053:
4046:
4039:
4032:
4010:
4003:
3996:
3989:
3987:Munich Agreement
3982:
3975:
3966:
3959:
3952:
3943:
3936:
3921:
3920:
3903:
3896:
3887:
3880:
3873:
3872:Soviet prisoners
3866:
3859:
3852:
3843:
3836:
3827:
3820:
3813:
3812:German prisoners
3808:
3788:
3779:
3772:
3765:
3760:
3753:
3746:
3739:
3732:
3725:
3718:
3711:
3704:
3697:
3690:
3683:
3676:
3669:
3660:
3653:
3646:
3639:
3632:
3625:
3618:
3611:
3604:
3597:
3590:
3583:
3576:
3569:
3562:
3555:
3548:
3541:
3534:
3514:
3507:
3500:
3493:
3486:
3479:
3472:
3465:
3458:
3451:
3444:
3424:
3417:
3410:
3403:
3395:
3388:
3381:
3372:
3365:
3357:
3350:
3348:French Indochina
3343:
3336:
3329:
3322:
3314:
3307:
3300:
3292:
3272:
3263:
3256:
3247:
3240:
3233:
3226:
3219:
3212:
3205:
3198:
3195:from August 1944
3186:
3179:
3172:
3165:
3158:
3151:
3144:
3137:
3130:
3118:
3111:
3104:
3097:
3090:
3078:
3070:
3063:
3056:
3049:
3042:
3035:
3028:
3016:
3009:
3002:
2995:
2980:
2979:
2960:
2953:
2946:
2939:
2932:
2921:
2906:
2899:
2892:
2887:
2878:
2871:
2864:
2855:
2848:
2841:
2839:Nanjing Massacre
2834:
2827:
2818:
2816:Nuremberg trials
2809:
2802:
2795:
2788:
2781:
2774:
2765:
2758:
2751:
2744:
2724:
2717:
2710:
2701:
2694:
2687:
2680:
2673:
2666:
2657:
2648:
2641:
2634:
2627:
2618:
2611:
2604:
2597:
2590:
2583:
2576:
2569:
2549:
2540:
2533:
2526:
2517:
2510:
2503:
2496:
2487:
2480:
2473:
2464:
2457:
2450:
2443:
2436:
2429:
2422:
2420:Asia and Pacific
2402:
2395:
2388:
2381:
2374:
2367:
2360:
2351:
2349:Mulberry harbour
2344:
2337:
2330:
2323:
2316:
2309:
2302:
2295:
2286:
2279:
2272:
2263:
2256:
2249:
2242:
2235:
2228:
2221:
2214:
2207:
2200:
2191:
2184:
2169:
2168:
2157:
2150:
2141:
2134:
2127:
2120:
2113:
2106:
2099:
2078:
2071:
2064:
2055:
2054:
2050:
2048:
2046:
2026:
2024:
2022:
2010:
2008:
2006:
1983:
1957:
1955:
1953:
1947:
1941:. Archived from
1932:
1920:
1901:
1882:
1863:
1861:
1859:
1846:
1836:
1813:
1794:
1775:
1753:
1721:
1719:
1717:
1708:. Archived from
1689:
1687:
1685:
1676:. Archived from
1667:
1658:
1648:
1646:
1644:
1638:
1627:
1615:
1593:
1568:Butler, J. R. M.
1559:
1526:
1520:
1514:
1511:
1502:
1499:
1493:
1492:
1490:
1488:
1479:. Archived from
1468:
1462:
1459:
1453:
1450:
1444:
1441:
1435:
1432:
1426:
1425:Report 183, p.52
1423:
1417:
1414:
1408:
1407:Report 183, p.39
1405:
1399:
1393:
1387:
1381:
1375:
1374:Report 183, p.16
1372:
1303:on 9 September.
1194:Hobart's Funnies
1077:Operation Paddle
954:V-1 flying bombs
801:V-1 flying bombs
601:
599:
587:
580:
573:
564:
563:
348:
346:
336:
329:
322:
313:
312:
282:
276:
256:
255:
244:
243:
225:
224:
213:
212:
197:
193:
191:
190:
182:
178:
176:
175:
165:
163:
162:
153:
151:
150:
141:
140:
139:
130:
129:
128:
119:
117:
116:
107:
105:
104:
62:
61:
54:
34:
33:
21:
18:Operation Paddle
5395:
5394:
5390:
5389:
5388:
5386:
5385:
5384:
5345:
5344:
5343:
5338:
5331:
5324:
5310:
5308:
5296:
5287:
5280:
5273:
5266:
5257:
5250:
5243:
5234:
5229:Atomic bombings
5227:
5220:
5213:
5206:
5199:
5190:
5183:
5176:
5169:
5162:
5155:
5148:
5141:
5134:
5127:
5120:
5113:
5106:
5099:
5092:
5085:
5072:
5065:
5054:
5047:
5040:
5031:
5024:
5017:
5010:
5003:
4996:
4987:
4978:
4971:
4962:
4955:
4948:
4941:
4932:
4925:
4920:Eastern Romania
4918:
4913:Warsaw Uprising
4911:
4906:Tannenberg Line
4904:
4897:
4892:Western Ukraine
4890:
4881:
4874:
4865:
4856:
4847:
4840:
4833:
4822:
4813:
4800:
4793:
4784:
4777:
4770:
4763:
4756:
4749:
4742:
4733:
4726:
4719:
4710:
4703:
4696:
4689:
4684:Battle of Kursk
4682:
4675:
4668:
4661:
4654:
4641:
4634:
4625:
4618:
4611:
4602:
4595:
4588:
4581:
4572:
4563:
4556:
4549:
4542:
4535:
4528:
4521:
4514:
4507:
4500:
4495:St Nazaire Raid
4493:
4486:
4479:
4466:
4459:
4452:
4445:
4438:
4431:
4424:
4417:
4410:
4403:
4396:
4389:
4382:
4375:
4368:
4361:
4354:
4347:
4340:
4333:
4319:
4310:
4303:
4296:
4289:
4282:
4277:Anglo-Iraqi War
4275:
4268:Battle of Crete
4266:
4259:
4252:
4245:
4238:
4225:
4216:
4209:
4202:
4197:Eastern Romania
4195:
4188:
4181:
4174:
4167:
4160:
4153:
4146:
4139:
4132:
4125:
4118:
4111:
4104:
4097:
4090:
4077:
4070:
4063:
4056:
4049:
4042:
4035:
4028:
4015:
4006:
3999:
3992:
3985:
3978:
3971:
3962:
3955:
3948:
3939:
3932:
3906:
3899:
3892:
3883:
3876:
3871:
3862:
3855:
3848:
3839:
3832:
3823:
3816:
3811:
3804:
3791:
3784:
3775:
3768:
3763:
3758:Western Ukraine
3756:
3749:
3742:
3735:
3728:
3721:
3714:
3707:
3702:Northeast China
3700:
3693:
3686:
3679:
3672:
3665:
3656:
3649:
3642:
3635:
3628:
3621:
3614:
3607:
3600:
3593:
3586:
3579:
3572:
3565:
3558:
3551:
3544:
3537:
3530:
3517:
3510:
3503:
3496:
3489:
3482:
3475:
3468:
3461:
3454:
3447:
3440:
3427:
3420:
3413:
3408:Slovak Republic
3406:
3398:
3391:
3384:
3379:Empire of Japan
3377:
3368:
3360:
3353:
3346:
3339:
3332:
3325:
3317:
3310:
3303:
3295:
3288:
3275:
3268:
3259:
3252:
3243:
3236:
3229:
3222:
3215:
3208:
3201:
3189:
3182:
3175:
3168:
3161:
3154:
3147:
3140:
3133:
3121:
3114:
3107:
3100:
3093:
3081:
3073:
3066:
3059:
3052:
3045:
3038:
3031:
3019:
3012:
3005:
2998:
2991:
2965:
2956:
2949:
2942:
2935:
2924:
2909:
2902:
2895:
2891:Sexual violence
2890:
2883:
2874:
2867:
2860:
2851:
2844:
2837:
2830:
2823:
2814:
2805:
2798:
2791:
2784:
2777:
2770:
2761:
2754:
2747:
2740:
2727:
2720:
2713:
2706:
2697:
2690:
2683:
2676:
2669:
2660:
2651:
2644:
2637:
2630:
2621:
2614:
2609:Greek Civil War
2607:
2600:
2593:
2586:
2579:
2572:
2565:
2552:
2545:
2536:
2529:
2522:
2513:
2506:
2499:
2492:
2483:
2476:
2469:
2460:
2453:
2446:
2439:
2434:South-East Asia
2432:
2425:
2418:
2405:
2398:
2391:
2384:
2377:
2370:
2363:
2356:
2347:
2340:
2333:
2326:
2319:
2312:
2305:
2298:
2293:Military awards
2291:
2282:
2275:
2268:
2259:
2252:
2245:
2238:
2231:
2224:
2217:
2210:
2203:
2196:
2187:
2180:
2160:
2153:
2146:
2137:
2130:
2123:
2118:
2109:
2102:
2095:
2087:
2082:
2044:
2042:
2020:
2018:
2013:
2004:
2002:
1993:
1980:
1951:
1949:
1945:
1930:
1917:
1898:
1879:
1857:
1855:
1844:
1833:
1810:
1791:
1772:
1750:
1729:
1727:Further reading
1724:
1715:
1713:
1683:
1681:
1665:
1656:
1642:
1640:
1639:on 3 March 2016
1636:
1625:
1612:
1590:
1534:
1529:
1521:
1517:
1512:
1505:
1500:
1496:
1486:
1484:
1483:on 14 July 2011
1469:
1465:
1460:
1456:
1451:
1447:
1442:
1438:
1433:
1429:
1424:
1420:
1415:
1411:
1406:
1402:
1394:
1390:
1382:
1378:
1373:
1369:
1365:
1348:
1326:terminal for a
1323:
1315:
1309:
1296:
1268:
1260:
1254:
1234:
1228:
1220:
1208:
1202:
1190:
1184:
1168:
1160:Main articles:
1158:
1153:
1137:
1065:
1044:
1014:Operation Tonga
987:rifle companies
967:
962:
916:21st Army Group
869:
864:
852:Breskens Pocket
814:On 4 September
760:
759:
758:
753:
602:
597:
595:
593:
591:
561:
556:
528:
349:
344:
342:
340:
305:
300:
299:70,971 captured
298:
281:
279:
275:
270:
250:
238:
219:
207:
188:
186:
173:
171:
169:
160:
158:
157:
148:
146:
145:
137:
135:
134:
126:
124:
123:
114:
112:
111:
102:
100:
78:
55:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
5393:
5383:
5382:
5377:
5372:
5367:
5362:
5357:
5340:
5339:
5337:
5336:
5329:
5322:
5305:
5302:
5301:
5298:
5297:
5295:
5294:
5293:
5292:
5285:
5278:
5264:
5263:
5262:
5248:
5245:South Sakhalin
5241:
5240:
5239:
5225:
5218:
5211:
5204:
5197:
5196:
5195:
5181:
5174:
5167:
5160:
5153:
5146:
5139:
5132:
5125:
5118:
5111:
5104:
5097:
5090:
5082:
5080:
5074:
5073:
5071:
5070:
5063:
5062:
5061:
5045:
5038:
5037:
5036:
5022:
5015:
5008:
5001:
4994:
4985:
4976:
4969:
4960:
4953:
4946:
4939:
4930:
4923:
4916:
4909:
4902:
4895:
4888:
4879:
4872:
4863:
4854:
4845:
4838:
4831:
4820:
4810:
4808:
4802:
4801:
4799:
4798:
4791:
4790:
4789:
4782:
4768:
4761:
4754:
4747:
4740:
4739:
4738:
4724:
4717:
4708:
4701:
4694:
4687:
4680:
4673:
4670:Battle of Attu
4666:
4659:
4651:
4649:
4643:
4642:
4640:
4639:
4632:
4623:
4616:
4609:
4600:
4593:
4586:
4579:
4570:
4569:
4568:
4561:
4547:
4540:
4533:
4526:
4519:
4512:
4505:
4498:
4491:
4484:
4476:
4474:
4468:
4467:
4465:
4464:
4457:
4450:
4443:
4436:
4429:
4422:
4419:Battle of Guam
4415:
4408:
4401:
4394:
4387:
4380:
4373:
4366:
4359:
4352:
4345:
4342:Battle of Kiev
4338:
4331:
4317:
4316:
4315:
4301:
4294:
4287:
4280:
4273:
4272:
4271:
4257:
4250:
4243:
4235:
4233:
4227:
4226:
4224:
4223:
4214:
4207:
4200:
4193:
4186:
4179:
4172:
4165:
4158:
4151:
4144:
4137:
4130:
4123:
4116:
4109:
4102:
4095:
4087:
4085:
4079:
4078:
4076:
4075:
4068:
4061:
4054:
4047:
4040:
4033:
4025:
4023:
4017:
4016:
4014:
4013:
4012:
4011:
4004:
3997:
3990:
3983:
3969:
3968:
3967:
3960:
3946:
3945:
3944:
3929:
3927:
3918:
3912:
3911:
3908:
3907:
3905:
3904:
3897:
3890:
3889:
3888:
3881:
3869:
3868:
3867:
3853:
3846:
3845:
3844:
3841:United Kingdom
3837:
3830:
3829:
3828:
3809:
3801:
3799:
3793:
3792:
3790:
3789:
3782:
3781:
3780:
3773:
3761:
3754:
3747:
3740:
3733:
3726:
3719:
3712:
3705:
3698:
3691:
3684:
3677:
3670:
3663:
3662:
3661:
3654:
3640:
3633:
3626:
3619:
3612:
3605:
3598:
3591:
3584:
3577:
3570:
3563:
3556:
3549:
3542:
3535:
3527:
3525:
3519:
3518:
3516:
3515:
3508:
3501:
3494:
3487:
3480:
3473:
3466:
3459:
3452:
3445:
3437:
3435:
3429:
3428:
3426:
3425:
3418:
3411:
3404:
3396:
3389:
3382:
3375:
3374:
3373:
3358:
3351:
3344:
3337:
3330:
3323:
3315:
3308:
3301:
3293:
3285:
3283:
3277:
3276:
3274:
3273:
3266:
3265:
3264:
3250:
3249:
3248:
3245:British Empire
3238:United Kingdom
3234:
3227:
3220:
3213:
3206:
3199:
3187:
3180:
3173:
3166:
3159:
3152:
3145:
3138:
3131:
3119:
3112:
3105:
3098:
3091:
3079:
3071:
3064:
3057:
3054:Czechoslovakia
3050:
3043:
3036:
3029:
3017:
3010:
3003:
2996:
2988:
2986:
2977:
2971:
2970:
2967:
2966:
2964:
2963:
2962:
2961:
2954:
2951:Rape of Manila
2947:
2940:
2933:
2922:
2907:
2900:
2888:
2881:
2880:
2879:
2872:
2858:
2857:
2856:
2849:
2842:
2828:
2821:
2820:
2819:
2812:
2811:
2810:
2803:
2789:
2782:
2768:
2767:
2766:
2759:
2752:
2737:
2735:
2729:
2728:
2726:
2725:
2722:United Nations
2718:
2711:
2704:
2703:
2702:
2695:
2688:
2681:
2667:
2658:
2649:
2642:
2635:
2628:
2619:
2612:
2605:
2598:
2591:
2584:
2581:Decolonization
2577:
2570:
2562:
2560:
2554:
2553:
2551:
2550:
2543:
2542:
2541:
2527:
2520:
2519:
2518:
2511:
2504:
2490:
2489:
2488:
2481:
2467:
2466:
2465:
2458:
2451:
2444:
2437:
2430:
2415:
2413:
2407:
2406:
2404:
2403:
2396:
2389:
2382:
2375:
2368:
2361:
2354:
2353:
2352:
2345:
2331:
2324:
2317:
2310:
2303:
2296:
2289:
2288:
2287:
2273:
2266:
2265:
2264:
2257:
2254:United Kingdom
2250:
2236:
2229:
2222:
2215:
2208:
2201:
2194:
2193:
2192:
2177:
2175:
2166:
2162:
2161:
2159:
2158:
2151:
2144:
2143:
2142:
2135:
2128:
2116:
2115:
2114:
2100:
2092:
2089:
2088:
2081:
2080:
2073:
2066:
2058:
2052:
2051:
2027:
2011:
1985:
1984:
1978:
1958:
1921:
1915:
1902:
1896:
1883:
1877:
1864:
1837:
1831:
1814:
1808:
1795:
1789:
1776:
1770:
1754:
1748:
1728:
1725:
1723:
1722:
1712:on 6 July 2010
1690:
1649:
1616:
1610:
1594:
1588:
1560:
1535:
1533:
1530:
1528:
1527:
1525:, p. 528.
1515:
1503:
1494:
1463:
1454:
1445:
1436:
1427:
1418:
1409:
1400:
1398:, p. 465.
1388:
1386:, p. 448.
1376:
1366:
1364:
1361:
1360:
1359:
1354:
1347:
1344:
1322:
1319:
1311:Main article:
1308:
1305:
1295:
1292:
1266:
1256:Main article:
1253:
1250:
1230:Main article:
1227:
1224:
1219:
1216:
1204:Main article:
1201:
1198:
1186:Main article:
1183:
1180:
1157:
1154:
1152:
1149:
1136:
1133:
1064:
1061:
1056:Falaise Pocket
1043:
1040:
966:
963:
961:
958:
879:. The British
877:Siegfried Line
868:
865:
863:
860:
755:
754:
752:
751:
746:
741:
736:
729:
724:
717:
710:
705:
698:
693:
691:Hürtgen Forest
688:
683:
678:
671:
670:
669:
664:
659:
654:
649:
639:
634:
629:
622:
615:
607:
604:
603:
590:
589:
582:
575:
567:
558:
557:
555:
554:
553:
552:
547:
545:Transportation
539:
533:
532:
527:
526:
519:
514:
509:
504:
502:Hürtgen Forest
498:
497:
493:
492:
487:
482:
475:
470:
462:
461:
457:
456:
451:
446:
441:
435:
434:
430:
429:
424:
423:
422:
417:
412:
407:
402:
392:
391:
390:
385:
380:
375:
370:
359:
358:
354:
351:
350:
339:
338:
331:
324:
316:
308:
307:
295:
291:
290:
286:
285:
272:
266:
265:
261:
260:
248:
235:
234:
233:Units involved
230:
229:
217:
204:
203:
199:
198:
183:
143:Czechoslovakia
121:United Kingdom
97:
96:
92:
91:
88:
87:
86:Allied victory
84:
80:
79:
76:
74:
70:
69:
66:
58:
57:
47:
46:
39:
38:
32:
31:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5392:
5381:
5378:
5376:
5373:
5371:
5368:
5366:
5363:
5361:
5358:
5356:
5353:
5352:
5350:
5334:
5330:
5327:
5323:
5320:
5319:
5314:
5307:
5306:
5303:
5290:
5286:
5283:
5279:
5276:
5272:
5271:
5269:
5265:
5260:
5256:
5255:
5253:
5252:Kuril Islands
5249:
5246:
5242:
5237:
5233:
5232:
5230:
5226:
5223:
5219:
5216:
5212:
5209:
5205:
5202:
5198:
5193:
5189:
5188:
5186:
5182:
5179:
5175:
5172:
5168:
5165:
5161:
5158:
5154:
5151:
5147:
5144:
5140:
5137:
5133:
5130:
5126:
5123:
5119:
5116:
5112:
5109:
5105:
5102:
5098:
5095:
5091:
5088:
5084:
5083:
5081:
5079:
5075:
5068:
5064:
5059:
5058:
5053:
5052:
5050:
5046:
5043:
5039:
5034:
5030:
5029:
5027:
5023:
5020:
5019:Syrmian Front
5016:
5013:
5009:
5006:
5002:
4999:
4995:
4992:
4991:
4986:
4983:
4982:
4977:
4974:
4970:
4967:
4966:
4965:Market Garden
4961:
4958:
4954:
4951:
4947:
4944:
4940:
4937:
4936:
4931:
4928:
4924:
4921:
4917:
4914:
4910:
4907:
4903:
4900:
4896:
4893:
4889:
4886:
4885:
4880:
4877:
4873:
4870:
4869:
4864:
4861:
4860:
4855:
4852:
4851:
4846:
4843:
4839:
4836:
4832:
4829:
4825:
4824:Monte Cassino
4821:
4818:
4817:
4812:
4811:
4809:
4807:
4803:
4796:
4792:
4787:
4783:
4780:
4776:
4775:
4773:
4769:
4766:
4762:
4759:
4755:
4752:
4748:
4745:
4741:
4736:
4732:
4731:
4729:
4725:
4722:
4718:
4715:
4714:
4709:
4706:
4702:
4699:
4695:
4692:
4688:
4685:
4681:
4678:
4674:
4671:
4667:
4664:
4660:
4657:
4653:
4652:
4650:
4648:
4644:
4637:
4633:
4630:
4629:
4624:
4621:
4617:
4614:
4610:
4607:
4606:
4601:
4598:
4594:
4591:
4587:
4584:
4580:
4577:
4576:
4571:
4566:
4562:
4559:
4555:
4554:
4552:
4548:
4545:
4541:
4538:
4534:
4531:
4527:
4524:
4520:
4517:
4513:
4510:
4506:
4503:
4499:
4496:
4492:
4489:
4485:
4482:
4478:
4477:
4475:
4473:
4469:
4462:
4458:
4455:
4451:
4448:
4444:
4441:
4437:
4434:
4430:
4427:
4423:
4420:
4416:
4413:
4409:
4406:
4402:
4399:
4395:
4392:
4388:
4385:
4381:
4378:
4374:
4371:
4367:
4364:
4360:
4357:
4353:
4350:
4346:
4343:
4339:
4336:
4332:
4328:
4327:
4322:
4318:
4313:
4309:
4308:
4306:
4302:
4299:
4295:
4292:
4288:
4285:
4281:
4278:
4274:
4269:
4265:
4264:
4262:
4258:
4255:
4251:
4248:
4244:
4241:
4237:
4236:
4234:
4232:
4228:
4221:
4220:
4215:
4212:
4208:
4205:
4201:
4198:
4194:
4191:
4190:Baltic states
4187:
4184:
4180:
4177:
4173:
4170:
4166:
4163:
4159:
4156:
4152:
4149:
4145:
4142:
4138:
4135:
4131:
4128:
4124:
4121:
4117:
4114:
4110:
4107:
4103:
4100:
4096:
4093:
4089:
4088:
4086:
4084:
4080:
4073:
4069:
4066:
4062:
4059:
4055:
4052:
4048:
4045:
4041:
4038:
4034:
4031:
4027:
4026:
4024:
4022:
4018:
4009:
4005:
4002:
3998:
3995:
3991:
3988:
3984:
3981:
3977:
3976:
3974:
3970:
3965:
3961:
3958:
3954:
3953:
3951:
3947:
3942:
3938:
3937:
3935:
3931:
3930:
3928:
3926:
3922:
3919:
3917:
3913:
3902:
3898:
3895:
3891:
3886:
3882:
3879:
3875:
3874:
3870:
3865:
3861:
3860:
3858:
3854:
3851:
3847:
3842:
3838:
3835:
3834:United States
3831:
3826:
3822:
3821:
3819:
3815:
3814:
3810:
3807:
3803:
3802:
3800:
3798:
3794:
3787:
3783:
3778:
3774:
3771:
3770:Quốc dân Đảng
3767:
3766:
3762:
3759:
3755:
3752:
3748:
3745:
3741:
3738:
3734:
3731:
3727:
3724:
3720:
3717:
3713:
3710:
3706:
3703:
3699:
3696:
3692:
3689:
3685:
3682:
3678:
3675:
3671:
3668:
3664:
3659:
3655:
3652:
3648:
3647:
3645:
3641:
3638:
3634:
3631:
3627:
3624:
3620:
3617:
3613:
3610:
3606:
3603:
3599:
3596:
3592:
3589:
3585:
3582:
3578:
3575:
3571:
3568:
3564:
3561:
3557:
3554:
3550:
3547:
3543:
3540:
3536:
3533:
3529:
3528:
3526:
3524:
3520:
3513:
3509:
3506:
3502:
3499:
3495:
3492:
3488:
3485:
3481:
3478:
3474:
3471:
3470:Liechtenstein
3467:
3464:
3460:
3457:
3453:
3450:
3446:
3443:
3439:
3438:
3436:
3434:
3430:
3423:
3419:
3416:
3412:
3409:
3405:
3401:
3397:
3394:
3390:
3387:
3383:
3380:
3376:
3371:
3367:
3366:
3363:
3359:
3356:
3352:
3349:
3345:
3342:
3338:
3335:
3331:
3328:
3324:
3320:
3316:
3313:
3309:
3306:
3302:
3298:
3294:
3291:
3287:
3286:
3284:
3282:
3278:
3271:
3267:
3262:
3258:
3257:
3255:
3254:United States
3251:
3246:
3242:
3241:
3239:
3235:
3232:
3228:
3225:
3221:
3218:
3214:
3211:
3207:
3204:
3200:
3196:
3192:
3188:
3185:
3181:
3178:
3174:
3171:
3167:
3164:
3160:
3157:
3153:
3150:
3146:
3143:
3139:
3136:
3132:
3128:
3124:
3120:
3117:
3113:
3110:
3106:
3103:
3099:
3096:
3092:
3088:
3084:
3080:
3076:
3072:
3069:
3065:
3062:
3058:
3055:
3051:
3048:
3044:
3041:
3037:
3034:
3030:
3026:
3022:
3018:
3015:
3011:
3008:
3004:
3001:
2997:
2994:
2990:
2989:
2987:
2985:
2981:
2978:
2976:
2972:
2959:
2955:
2952:
2948:
2945:
2944:Comfort women
2941:
2938:
2934:
2931:
2928: /
2927:
2923:
2920:
2917: /
2916:
2913: /
2912:
2908:
2905:
2904:Camp brothels
2901:
2898:
2894:
2893:
2889:
2886:
2882:
2877:
2873:
2870:
2866:
2865:
2863:
2859:
2854:
2850:
2847:
2843:
2840:
2836:
2835:
2833:
2829:
2826:
2822:
2817:
2813:
2808:
2804:
2801:
2797:
2796:
2794:
2793:The Holocaust
2790:
2787:
2783:
2780:
2779:forced labour
2776:
2775:
2773:
2769:
2764:
2760:
2757:
2753:
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2632:Marshall Plan
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2485:Eastern Front
2482:
2479:
2478:Western Front
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2372:Puppet states
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2314:Naval history
2311:
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2261:United States
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2028:
2016:
2012:
2000:
1996:
1992:
1991:
1990:
1989:
1981:
1975:
1971:
1967:
1966:Frankland, N.
1963:
1959:
1944:
1940:
1936:
1929:
1928:
1922:
1918:
1912:
1908:
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1899:
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1711:
1707:
1703:
1699:
1695:
1694:Stacey, C. P.
1691:
1679:
1675:
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1664:
1663:
1655:
1650:
1635:
1631:
1624:
1621:
1620:Stacey, C. P.
1617:
1613:
1607:
1603:
1599:
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1581:
1577:
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1537:
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1498:
1482:
1478:
1474:
1471:Hyrman, Jan.
1467:
1458:
1449:
1440:
1431:
1422:
1413:
1404:
1397:
1392:
1385:
1380:
1371:
1367:
1358:
1357:Channel ports
1355:
1353:
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1349:
1343:
1341:
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1096:River Touques
1092:
1090:
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1078:
1069:
1060:
1057:
1053:
1049:
1039:
1036:
1034:
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1026:
1023:
1022:Major-General
1019:
1015:
1011:
1007:
1003:
999:
995:
992:
988:
983:
981:
977:
972:
965:Allied armies
957:
955:
951:
946:
941:
937:
932:
930:
925:
921:
920:Pas de Calais
917:
913:
908:
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902:
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886:
882:
878:
874:
859:
857:
853:
849:
845:
841:
837:
833:
829:
825:
821:
817:
812:
810:
806:
803:. The German
802:
798:
794:
793:Channel ports
790:
786:
781:
779:
776:
772:
768:
764:
750:
747:
745:
742:
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734:
730:
728:
727:Colmar Pocket
725:
723:
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718:
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709:
706:
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703:
699:
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692:
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675:Market Garden
672:
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642:Channel Coast
640:
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627:
623:
621:
620:
616:
614:
613:
609:
608:
605:
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596:Western Front
588:
583:
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548:
546:
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540:
538:
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534:
530:
529:
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524:
520:
518:
517:Geilenkirchen
515:
513:
512:Crucifix Hill
510:
508:
505:
503:
500:
499:
495:
494:
491:
488:
486:
483:
481:
480:
476:
474:
471:
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468:
467:Market Garden
464:
463:
459:
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455:
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450:
447:
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440:
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389:
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363:Channel Coast
361:
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337:
332:
330:
325:
323:
318:
317:
314:
303:
296:
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287:
273:
268:
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184:
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144:
133:
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110:
99:
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81:
75:
72:
71:
67:
64:
63:
59:
53:
48:
45:
40:
35:
30:
19:
5326:Bibliography
5309:
5122:Project Hula
5087:Vistula–Oder
5056:
4989:
4980:
4964:
4934:
4883:
4867:
4858:
4849:
4815:
4712:
4627:
4603:
4573:
4324:
4217:
4162:North Africa
3864:Soviet Union
3818:Soviet Union
3744:Soviet Union
3512:Vatican City
3422:Vichy France
3327:German Reich
3224:Soviet Union
3210:South Africa
3203:Sierra Leone
3156:Newfoundland
2975:Participants
2958:Marocchinate
2662:
2653:
2623:
2501:North Africa
2462:Indian Ocean
2321:Nazi plunder
2212:Cryptography
2085:World War II
2043:. Retrieved
2019:. Retrieved
2003:. Retrieved
1999:the original
1987:
1986:
1969:
1950:. Retrieved
1943:the original
1926:
1906:
1887:
1868:
1856:. Retrieved
1818:
1799:
1780:
1761:
1739:
1731:
1730:
1714:. Retrieved
1710:the original
1701:
1682:. Retrieved
1678:the original
1661:
1641:. Retrieved
1634:the original
1629:
1601:
1598:Ellis, L. F.
1571:
1543:
1540:Ehrman, John
1518:
1497:
1485:. Retrieved
1481:the original
1476:
1466:
1457:
1448:
1439:
1430:
1421:
1412:
1403:
1391:
1379:
1370:
1333:
1324:
1316:
1297:
1271:
1235:
1221:
1218:Rocket sites
1209:
1191:
1169:
1138:
1128:Pont Audemer
1116:11th Hussars
1093:
1091:were saved.
1074:
1052:Heeresgruppe
1051:
1048:Army Group B
1045:
1037:
1025:Richard Gale
994:John Crocker
984:
968:
945:Adolf Hitler
933:
909:
870:
816:Adolf Hitler
813:
782:
767:World War II
762:
761:
731:
719:
712:
700:
673:
641:
624:
617:
610:
522:
478:
466:
362:
301:
283:(in Holland)
215:Harry Crerar
95:Belligerents
29:
5057:Bodenplatte
4943:Gothic Line
4169:West Africa
3716:Philippines
3695:Netherlands
3560:Czech lands
3498:Switzerland
3442:Afghanistan
3393:Philippines
3261:Puerto Rico
3177:Philippines
3163:New Zealand
3149:Netherlands
3102:Free France
2853:Prosecution
2654:Osoaviakhim
2524:West Africa
2508:East Africa
2155:Conferences
1962:Webster, C.
1952:26 November
1858:30 November
1758:Buckley, J.
1643:17 December
1523:Ehrman 1956
1477:Naše Noviny
1282:, in which
1176:Dieppe Raid
1151:Liberations
1108:River Risle
980:German Army
976:conscripted
929:Second Army
885:River Dives
809:Second Army
598:(1944–1945)
490:Broekhuizen
460:Netherlands
439:Mons pocket
420:Fort Driant
280:2 divisions
277:(in France)
274:3 divisions
167:Netherlands
5349:Categories
5157:West Hunan
4990:Pointblank
4326:Silver Fox
4312:Summer War
4065:Winter War
4044:Phoney War
3825:Azerbaijan
3786:Yugoslavia
3681:Luxembourg
3523:Resistance
3270:Yugoslavia
3135:Luxembourg
2937:Sook Ching
2733:War crimes
2335:Technology
2328:Opposition
2270:Lend-Lease
2247:Australian
2240:Home front
2198:Blitzkrieg
2148:Casualties
2139:Commanders
2111:Operations
2045:9 December
2021:2 December
2005:9 December
1716:12 January
1684:11 October
1532:References
1487:4 December
1396:Ellis 2004
1384:Ellis 2004
1081:Third Army
862:Background
820:fortresses
733:Reichswald
444:Moerbrugge
427:Strasbourg
5222:Manchuria
5108:Indochina
4884:Bagration
4335:Lithuania
3980:Anschluss
3777:Viet Minh
3674:Lithuania
3616:Hong Kong
3386:Manchukuo
3341:Azad Hind
3000:Australia
2800:Aftermath
2663:Paperclip
2558:Aftermath
2358:Total war
2226:Diplomacy
2189:In Europe
2040:913594548
1939:606015967
1853:965801279
1760:(2014) .
1674:256471407
1556:809657212
1363:Footnotes
1321:Aftermath
978:into the
948:shelling
805:15th Army
721:Blackcock
541:American
531:Logistics
410:Arracourt
258:15th Army
5333:Category
5282:document
5192:document
5049:Ardennes
5033:Budapest
4981:Crossbow
4859:Overlord
4698:Smolensk
3916:Timeline
3751:Slovakia
3737:Thailand
3588:Ethiopia
3553:Bulgaria
3477:Portugal
3415:Thailand
3297:Bulgaria
3075:Eswatini
3068:Ethiopia
3021:Bulgaria
2846:Unit 731
2807:Response
2624:Keelhaul
2574:Cold War
2547:Americas
2538:timeline
2531:Atlantic
2411:Theaters
1696:(1966).
1542:(1956).
1346:See also
1246:Fortress
1200:Boulogne
1182:Le Havre
1124:Honfleur
1089:materiel
1046:Much of
1031:and the
1008:and the
1000:and the
924:Flanders
910:General
897:Houlgate
836:Boulogne
832:Le Havre
797:littoral
785:Normandy
714:Nordwind
681:Lorraine
662:Boulogne
652:Le Havre
619:Chastity
612:Overlord
485:Overloon
479:Pheasant
405:Dompaire
395:Lorraine
383:Boulogne
373:Le Havre
264:Strength
73:Location
42:Part of
5259:Shumshu
5026:Hungary
4973:Estonia
4957:Lapland
4935:Dragoon
4868:Neptune
4850:Ichi-Go
4816:Tempest
4758:Changde
4713:Cottage
4605:Jubilee
4321:Finland
4219:Compass
3925:Prelude
3878:Finland
3764:Vietnam
3730:Romania
3602:Germany
3581:Estonia
3567:Denmark
3546:Belgium
3539:Austria
3532:Albania
3463:Ireland
3449:Andorra
3433:Neutral
3400:Romania
3334:Hungary
3319:Finland
3191:Romania
3083:Finland
3061:Denmark
3007:Belgium
2993:Algeria
2699:Romania
2685:Hungary
2441:Pacific
2165:General
2119:Leaders
2104:Battles
2097:Outline
1988:Reports
1570:(ed.).
1307:Scheldt
1294:Belgium
1275:Scheldt
1252:Dunkirk
1238:Wissant
1114:by the
1112:Brionne
1100:Lisieux
960:Prelude
938:was in
901:Cabourg
881:I Corps
856:Antwerp
844:Dunkirk
789:Scheldt
787:to the
696:Scheldt
657:Dunkirk
626:Dragoon
537:British
496:Germany
454:Scheldt
433:Belgium
378:Dunkirk
195:Germany
155:Belgium
5236:Debate
5208:Taipei
5201:Borneo
4779:Tarawa
3973:Europe
3934:Africa
3723:Poland
3709:Norway
3688:Malaya
3667:Latvia
3609:Greece
3595:France
3491:Sweden
3456:Bhutan
3184:Poland
3170:Norway
3142:Mexico
3109:Greece
3095:France
3033:Canada
3014:Brazil
2984:Allies
2930:Serbia
2919:Poland
2692:Poland
2678:Baltic
2471:Europe
2173:Topics
2125:Allied
2038:
1976:
1937:
1913:
1894:
1875:
1851:
1829:
1806:
1787:
1768:
1746:
1672:
1608:
1586:
1554:
1156:Dieppe
1085:Elbeuf
1042:German
914:, the
905:Dozulé
893:Troarn
840:Calais
828:Ostend
824:Dieppe
775:Allied
765:was a
686:Aachen
667:Calais
647:Dieppe
507:Aachen
388:Calais
368:Dieppe
357:France
192:
180:France
177:
164:
152:
132:Poland
118:
109:Canada
106:
83:Result
5012:Leyte
4842:Narva
4828:Anzio
4786:Makin
4744:Burma
4628:Torch
4597:Rzhev
4558:Kiska
3644:Korea
3630:Japan
3623:Italy
3505:Tibet
3484:Spain
3362:Italy
3123:Italy
3116:India
3040:China
2915:Japan
2515:Italy
2427:China
2379:Women
1946:(PDF)
1931:(PDF)
1845:(PDF)
1732:Books
1666:(PDF)
1657:(PDF)
1637:(PDF)
1626:(PDF)
1328:Pluto
1018:D-Day
950:Dover
940:Ypres
708:Bulge
702:Queen
632:Paris
523:Queen
400:Nancy
302:Total
5078:1945
4806:1944
4647:1943
4575:Blue
4565:Attu
4472:1942
4231:1941
4083:1940
4021:1939
3950:Asia
3797:POWs
3637:Jews
3355:Iraq
3281:Axis
3231:Tuva
3047:Cuba
2132:Axis
2047:2017
2036:OCLC
2023:2017
2007:2017
1974:ISBN
1954:2017
1935:OCLC
1911:ISBN
1892:ISBN
1873:ISBN
1860:2017
1849:OCLC
1827:ISBN
1823:HMSO
1804:ISBN
1785:ISBN
1766:ISBN
1744:ISBN
1718:2010
1686:2016
1670:OCLC
1645:2009
1606:ISBN
1584:ISBN
1580:HMSO
1552:OCLC
1548:HMSO
1489:2010
1164:and
1104:Caen
922:and
838:and
826:and
822:but
739:Alps
449:Geel
415:Metz
65:Date
1016:on
5351::
4826:/
1964:;
1825:.
1704:.
1700:.
1659:.
1628:.
1582:.
1574:.
1550:.
1506:^
1475:.
1004:,
834:,
4329:)
4323:(
3197:)
3193:(
3129:)
3125:(
3089:)
3085:(
3027:)
3023:(
2077:e
2070:t
2063:v
2049:.
2025:.
2009:.
1982:.
1956:.
1919:.
1900:.
1881:.
1862:.
1835:.
1812:.
1793:.
1774:.
1752:.
1720:.
1688:.
1647:.
1614:.
1592:.
1558:.
1491:.
1050:(
586:e
579:t
572:v
335:e
328:t
321:v
304::
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
