1097:. This form of olive oil used to be popular only among small scale producers but is now becoming "trendy", in line with consumer's demand for products that are perceived to be less processed. But generally, if not tasted or consumed soon after production, filtered olive oil should be preferred: "Some producers maintain that extra-virgin olive oils do not need filtration but also that filtration is detrimental to oil quality. This point of view should be considered as erroneous and probably the result of improper implementation of this operation. In fact, fine particles that are suspended in a virgin olive oil, even after the most effective centrifugal finishing, contain water and enzymes that may impair oil stability and ruin its sensory profile. ... Filtration makes an extra-virgin olive oil more stable and also more attractive. If the suspended particles are not removed they slowly agglomerate and flocculate, forming a deposit on the bottom of the storage containers. Such a deposit continues to be at risk of enzymatic spoilage and, in the worst case, of development of anaerobic micro-organisms with further spoilage and hygienic risk. ... It is ... recommended that filtration be carried out as soon as possible after centrifugal separation and finishing."
1070:
olive paste is spread on fiber disks, which are stacked on top of each other in a column, then placed into the press. Pressure is then applied onto the column to separate the vegetal liquid from the paste. This liquid still contains a significant amount of water. Traditionally the oil was shed from the water by gravity (oil is less dense than water). This very slow separation process has been replaced by centrifugation, which is much faster and more thorough. The centrifuges have one exit for the (heavier) watery part and one for the oil. Olive oil should not contain significant traces of vegetal water as this accelerates the process of organic degeneration by microorganisms. The separation in smaller oil mills is not always perfect, thus sometimes a small watery deposit containing organic particles can be found at the bottom of oil bottles.
683:
1043:
1975:) with added colour and flavor has been labeled and sold as olive oil. This extensive fraud prompted the Italian government to mandate a new labeling law in 2007 for companies selling olive oil, under which every bottle of Italian olive oil would have to declare the farm and press on which it was produced, as well as display a precise breakdown of the oils used, for blended oils. In February 2008, however, EU officials took issue with the new law, stating that under EU rules such labeling should be voluntary rather than compulsory. Under EU rules, olive oil may be sold as Italian even if it only contains a small amount of Italian oil.
1110:, three methods were used to produce different grades of olive oil. The finest oil was produced from fully developed and ripe olives harvested solely from the apex of the tree, and lightly pressed, "for what flows from light pressure is very sweet and very thin". The remaining olives are pressed with a heavier weight, and vary in ripeness. Inferior oil is produced from unripe olives that are stored for extended periods of time until they grow soft or begin to shrivel to become more fit for grinding. Others are left for extended periods in pits in the ground to induce sweating and decay before they are ground. According to the
9163:
9697:
2086:
735:, each with a particular flavor, texture, and shelf life that make them more or less suitable for different applications, such as direct human consumption on bread or in salads, indirect consumption in domestic cooking or catering, or industrial uses such as animal feed or engineering applications. During the stages of maturity, olive fruit changes colour from green to violet, and then black. Olive oil taste characteristics depend on the stage of ripeness at which olive fruits are collected.
7531:
more diverse in Europe ... The oils mainly consumed in Europe, i.e. sunflower, olive and canola oil, provide less γ-tocopherol but more α-tocopherol ... he ratio of α-:γ-tocopherol is at least 1:2. Therefore, the average γ-tocopherol intake can be estimated as 4–6 mg/day, which is about 25–35% of the USA intake. In accordance with the lower estimated
European intake of γ-tocopherol, the serum levels of γ-tocopherol in European populations are 4–20 times lower than that of α-tocopherol
1692:
643:
1535:
9026:
1933:
regularly heated above the environmental temperatures, which may be as low as 10–15 °C, to extract the oil efficiently with only physical means. Olives pressed in warm regions like
Southern Italy or Northern Africa may be pressed at significantly higher temperatures although not heated. While it is important that the pressing temperatures be as low as possible (generally below 25 °C) there is no international reliable definition of "cold pressed".
760:
1341:
1054:
7869:"Scientific Opinion on the substantiation of health claims related to olive oil and maintenance of normal blood LDL-cholesterol concentrations (ID 1316, 1332), maintenance of normal (fasting) blood concentrations of triglycerides (ID 1316, 1332), maintenance of normal blood HDL cholesterol concentrations (ID 1316, 1332) and maintenance of normal blood glucose concentrations (ID 4244) pursuant to Article 13(1) of Regulation (EC) No 1924/2006"
1305:
1395:
1359:
1526:
shown on the same side of the label in letters of comparable size, so as not to mislead the consumer. Yet most major U.S. brands continue to put "imported from Italy" on the front label in large letters and other origins on the back in very small print. "In fact, olive oil labeled 'Italian' often comes from Turkey, Tunisia, Morocco, Spain, and Greece." This makes it unclear what percentage of the olive oil is really of
Italian origin.
990:
1287:
1323:
564:
3466:
1377:
749:
1269:
1251:
9036:
3559:
466:
36:
959:, and can be used to lubricate kitchen machinery (grinders, blenders, cookware, etc.). It can also be used for illumination (oil lamps) or as the base for soaps and detergents. Some cosmetics also use olive oil as their base, and it can be used as a substitute for machine oil. Olive oil has also been used as both solvent and ligand in the synthesis of cadmium selenide
894:
the oil. To douse the flame, the float is carefully pressed down into the oil. Makeshift oil lamps can easily be made by soaking a ball of cotton in olive oil and forming it into a peak. The peak is lit and then burns until all the oil is consumed, whereupon the rest of the cotton burns out. Olive oil is a usual offering to churches and cemeteries.
2044:. He said that over 50% of olive oil sold in Italy was adulterated, as was 75–80% of that sold in the US. Whitaker reported that three samples of "extra virgin olive oil" had been bought in a US supermarket and tested; two of the three samples did not meet the required standard, and one of them—from a top-selling US brand—was exceptionally poor.
1770:. It has a more neutral flavor than pure or virgin olive oil, making it less desirable to users concerned with flavor; however, it has the same fat composition as regular olive oil, giving it the same health benefits. It also has a high smoke point, and consequently is widely used in restaurants as well as home cooking in some countries.
7530:
In North
America, the intake of γ-tocopherol has been estimated to exceed that of α-tocopherol by a factor of 2–4 ... due to the fact that soybean oil is the predominant vegetable oil in the American diet (76.4%) followed by corn oil and canola oil (both 7%) ... The supply of dietary fats ... is much
1069:
If ground with millstones, the olive paste generally stays under the stones for 30 to 40 minutes. A shorter grinding process may result in a more raw paste that produces less oil and has a less ripe taste, a longer process may increase oxidation of the paste and reduce the flavor. After grinding, the
2069:
per year enterprise. A Carabinieri investigator interviewed on the program said that "olive oil fraud has gone on for the better part of four millennia" but today, it's particularly "easy for the bad guys to either introduce adulterated olive oils or mix in lower quality olive oils with extra-virgin
1990:
In March 2008, 400 Italian police officers conducted
Operation Golden Oil, arresting 23 people and confiscating 85 farms after an investigation revealed a large-scale scheme to relabel oils from other Mediterranean nations as Italian. In April 2008, another operation impounded seven olive oil plants
1749:
is virgin oil that has been refined using charcoal and other chemical and physical filters, methods which do not alter the glyceridic structure. It has a free acidity, expressed as oleic acid, of not more than 0.3 grams per 100 grams (0.3%) and its other characteristics correspond to those
1061:
Olive oil is produced by grinding olives and extracting the oil by mechanical or chemical means. Green olives usually produce more bitter oil, and overripe olives can produce oil with fermentation defects, so for good olive oil care is taken to make sure the olives are perfectly ripe. The process is
1080:
criteria (low free acidity, no or very little organoleptic defects). A higher grade extra virgin olive oil is mostly dependent on favourable weather conditions; a drought during the flowering phase, for example, can result in a lower quality (virgin) oil. It is worth noting that olive trees produce
1073:
Modern grinders reduce the olives to paste in seconds. After grinding, the paste is stirred slowly for another 20 to 30 minutes in a particular container (malaxation), where the microscopic oil drops aggregate into bigger drops, which facilitates the mechanical extraction. The paste is then pressed
528:
period (1500 BC) in Crete, and perhaps as early as the Early Minoan. The cultivation of olive trees in Crete became particularly intense in the post-palatial period and played an important role in the island's economy, as it did across the
Mediterranean. Later, as Greek colonies were established in
3495:
Limited and not conclusive scientific evidence suggests that eating about 2 tbsp. (23 g) of olive oil daily may reduce the risk of coronary heart disease due to the monounsaturated fat in olive oil. To achieve this possible benefit, olive oil is to replace a similar amount of saturated fat and not
1859:
Different names for olive oil indicate the degree of processing the oil has undergone as well as the quality of the oil. Extra virgin olive oil is the highest grade available, followed by virgin olive oil. The word "virgin" indicates that the olives have been pressed to extract the oil; no heat or
893:
still use oil lamps in their churches, home prayer corners, and cemeteries. A vigil lamp consists of a votive glass filled with olive oil, floating on a half-inch of water. The glass has a metal holder that hangs from a bracket on the wall or sits on a table. A cork float with a lit wick floats on
4155:
Huge quantities of olive oil were produced and it must have been a major source of wealth. The simple fact that southern Greece is far more suitable climatically for olive production may explain why the
Mycenaean civilization made far greater advances in the south than in the north. The oil had a
2010:
In
February 2012, Spanish authorities investigated an international olive oil fraud in which palm, avocado, sunflower and other cheaper oils were passed off as Italian olive oil. Police said the oils were blended in an industrial biodiesel plant and adulterated in a way to hide markers that would
1932:
refers to the temperature range of the fruit at the time it is crushed". In
Calabria (Italy) the olives are collected in October. In regions like Tuscany or Liguria, the olives collected in November and ground, often at night, are too cold to be processed efficiently without heating. The paste is
1678:
is the oil obtained by treating olive pomace (the leftover paste after the pressing of olives for virgin olive oils) with solvents or other physical treatments, to the exclusion of oils obtained by re-esterification processes and of any mixture with oils of other kinds. It is then further refined
1525:
adopted new voluntary olive oil grading standards that closely parallel those of the IOC, with some adjustments for the characteristics of olives grown in the U.S. U.S. Customs regulations on "country of origin" state that if a non-origin nation is shown on the label, then the real origin must be
1886:
are terms introduced by manufacturers in countries that are non-traditional consumers of olive oil for these products to indicate both their composition of being only 100% olive oil, and also the varying strength of taste to consumers. Contrary to a common consumer belief, they do not have fewer
431:. From its beginnings early in the 7th century BC, the cosmetic use of olive oil quickly spread to all of the Hellenic city-states, together with athletes training in the nude, and lasted close to a thousand years despite its great expense. Olive oil was also popular as a form of birth control;
2006:
On March 15, 2011, the prosecutor's office in
Florence, Italy, working in conjunction with the forestry department, indicted two managers and an officer of Carapelli, one of the brands of the Spanish company Grupo SOS (which recently changed its name to Deoleo). The charges involved falsified
1663:
is the olive oil obtained from any grade of virgin olive oil by refining methods which do not lead to alterations in the initial glyceridic structure. The refining process removes colour, odour and flavour from the olive oil, and leaves behind a very pure form of olive oil that is tasteless,
813:
and milder flavour. Extra virgin oils have a smoke point around 180–215 °C (356–419 °F), with higher-quality oils having a higher smoke point, whereas refined light olive oil has a smoke point up to 230 °C (446 °F). That they can be used for deep frying is contrary to the
1966:
There have been allegations, particularly in Italy and Spain, that regulation can be sometimes lax and corrupt. Major shippers are claimed to routinely adulterate olive oil so that only about 40% of olive oil sold as "extra virgin" in Italy actually meets the specification. In some cases,
1830:
In 2014, California adopted a set of olive oil standards for olive oil made from California-grown olives. The California Department of Food and Agriculture Grade and Labeling Standards for Olive Oil, Refined-Olive Oil and Olive-Pomace Oil are mandatory for producers of more than 5,000
7961:
George, Elena S.; Marshall, Skye; Mayr, Hannah L; Trakman, Gina L.; Tatucu-Babet, Oana A.; Lassemillante, Annie-Claude M.; Bramley, Andrea; Reddy, Anjana J.; Forsyth, Adrienne; Tierney, Audrey C.; Thomas, Colleen J.; Itsiopoulos, Catherine; Marx, Wolfgang (September 25, 2019).
593:. Here some dozen documents dated 2400 BC describe the lands of the king and the queen. These belonged to a library of clay tablets perfectly preserved by having been baked in the fire that destroyed the palace. A later source is the frequent mentions of oil in the
1514:(IOC) is an intergovernmental organisation of states that produce olives or products derived from olives, such as olive oil. The IOC officially governs 95% of international production and holds great influence over the rest. The EU regulates the use of different
1495:
Greece has by far the largest per capita consumption of olive oil worldwide, around 24 liters per year. Consumption in Spain is 15 liters; Italy 13 liters; and Israel, around 3 liters. Canada consumes 1.5 liters and the US 1 liter.
7648:
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine; Health and Medicine Division; Food and Nutrition Board; Committee to Review the Dietary Reference Intakes for Sodium and Potassium (2019). Oria, Maria; Harrison, Meghan; Stallings, Virginia A. (eds.).
1952:
The label may indicate that the oil was bottled or packed in a stated country. This does not necessarily mean that the oil was produced there. The origin of the oil may sometimes be marked elsewhere on the label; it may be a mixture of oils from more than one
654:
The importance of olive oil as a commercial commodity increased after the Roman conquest of Egypt, Greece and Asia Minor led to more trade along the Mediterranean. Olive trees were planted throughout the entire Mediterranean basin during evolution of the
1425:
On average, during the period 2016 to 2021, world production of olive oil was 3.1 million metric tons (3.4 million short tons). Spain produced 44% of world production. The next largest producers were Italy, Greece, Tunisia, Turkey and Morocco.
3543:, while monounsaturated fatty acids of mixed animal and plant origin showed no significant effects. Another meta-analysis in 2018 found high-polyphenol olive oil intake was associated with improved measures of total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol,
1956:
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration permitted a claim on olive oil labels stating: "Limited and not conclusive scientific evidence suggests that eating about two tablespoons (23 g) of olive oil daily may reduce the risk of coronary heart
1730:, and is judged to have a superior taste, having some fruitiness and no defined sensory defects. Extra virgin olive oil accounts for less than 10% of oil in many producing countries; the percentage is far higher in some Mediterranean countries.
7838:"Commission Regulation (EU) No 432/2012 of 16 May 2012 establishing a list of permitted health claims made on foods, other than those referring to the reduction of disease risk and to children's development and health. Text with EEA relevance"
667:, Italy had "excellent olive oil at reasonable prices" by the 1st century AD—"the best in the Mediterranean". As olive production expanded in the 5th century AD the Romans began to employ more sophisticated production techniques such as the
804:
When extra virgin olive oil is heated above 210–216 °C (410–421 °F), depending on its free fatty acid content, the unrefined particles within the oil are burned. This leads to deteriorated taste. Refined olive oils are suited for
1165:, retains a small quantity (about 5–10%) of oil that cannot be extracted by further pressing, but only with chemical solvents. This is done in specialized chemical plants, not in the oil mills. The resulting oil is named "pomace oil".
1846:, also offer grading and certification within the United States. Oleologist Nicholas Coleman suggests that the California Olive Oil Council certification is the most stringent of the voluntary grading schemes in the United States.
1652:
is olive oil extracted by virgin (mechanical) methods but not suitable for human consumption without further refining; "lampante" is the attributive form of "lampa", the Italian word for "lamp", referring to the use of such oil in
1978:
Extra virgin olive oil has strict requirements and is checked for "sensory defects" that include: rancid, fusty, musty, winey (vinegary) and muddy sediment. These defects can occur for different reasons. The most common are:
936:. It was obtained by using only the first drop from a squeezed olive and was consecrated for use only in the Temple by the priests and stored in special containers. In modern times, although candles can be used to light the
1192:, although these uses introduce concern due to chemicals present in the pomace. A process called "valorization" of olive pomace is under research and development, consisting of additional processing to obtain value-added
675:(pictured left). Many ancient presses still exist in the Eastern Mediterranean region, and some dating to the Roman period are still in use today. Productivity was greatly improved by Joseph Graham's development of the
5556:
1849:
Country of origin can be established by one or two letter country codes printed on the bottle or label. Country codes include I=Italy, GR=Greece, E=Spain, TU=Tunisia, MA=Morocco, CL=Chile, AG=Argentina, AU=Australia.
2076:
magazine stated that "it's reliably reported that 80% of the Italian olive oil on the market is fraudulent" and that "a massive olive oil scandal is being uncovered in Southern Italy (Puglia, Umbria and Campania)".
7647:
2035:
presented a program on CBS News including interviews with Mueller and with Italian authorities. It was reported that in the previous month 5,000 tons of adulterated olive oil had been sold in Italy, and that
6486:
2059:) which was allegedly exporting fake extra virgin olive oil to the U.S.; the product was actually inexpensive olive pomace oil fraudulently labeled. Less than a year earlier, the American television program
5514:
7578:
Owen, Robert W; Mier, Walter; Giacosa, Attilio; Hull, William E; Spiegelhalder, Bertold; Bartsch, Helmut (July 2000). "Identification of Lignans as Major Components in the Phenolic Fraction of Olive Oil".
6015:
1897:
means "that the oil was not heated over a certain temperature (usually 27 °C (80 °F)) during processing, thus retaining more nutrients and undergoing less degradation". The difference between
6564:
Beltrán, Gabriel; del Rio, Carmen; Sánchez, Sebastián; Martínez, Leopoldo (June 2004). "Influence of Harvest Date and Crop Yield on the Fatty Acid Composition of Virgin Olive Oils from Cv. Picual".
6285:
1733:
The International Olive Council requires the median of the fruity attribute to be higher than zero for a given olive oil in order to meet the criteria of extra virgin olive oil classification.
1546:(slowly churned or mixed) to allow the microscopic oil droplets to agglomerate. The oil is then separated from the watery matter and fruit pulp with the use of a press (traditional method) or
3989:
Galili, Ehud; Stanley, Daniel Jean; Sharvit, Jacob; Weinstein-Evron, Mina (December 1997). "Evidence for Earliest Olive-Oil Production in Submerged Settlements off the Carmel Coast, Israel".
620:, the Egyptian exile who lived in northern Canaan c.1960 BC, wrote of abundant olive trees. The Minoans used olive oil in religious ceremonies. The oil became a principal product of the
6346:
5594:
Bendini, Alessandra; Cerretani, Lorenzo; Carrasco-Pancorbo, Alegria; Gómez-Caravaca, Ana Maria; Segura-Carretero, Antonio; Fernández-Gutiérrez, Alberto; Lercker, Giovanni (August 6, 2007).
4025:
5596:"Phenolic Molecules in Virgin Olive Oils: a Survey of Their Sensory Properties, Health Effects, Antioxidant Activity and Analytical Methods. An Overview of the Last Decade Alessandra"
5242:
631:(c. 1450–1150 BC). Scholars believe the oil was made by a process where olives were placed in woven mats and squeezed. The oil was collected in vats. This process was known from the
7410:
Genovese, Alessandro; Caporaso, Nicola; Villani, Veronica; Paduano, Antonello; Sacchi, Raffaele (August 2015). "Olive oil phenolic compounds affect the release of aroma compounds".
2040:
was heavily involved—the term "Agrimafia" was used. The point was made by Mueller that the profit margin on adulterated olive oil was three times that on the illegal narcotic drug
5806:
1081:
well every couple of years, so greater harvests occur in alternate years (the year in-between is when the tree yields less). However the quality is still dependent on the weather.
1076:
The oil produced by only physical (mechanical) means as described above is called virgin oil. Extra virgin olive oil is virgin olive oil that satisfies specific high chemical and
5363:
5186:
1085:
Sometimes the produced oil will be filtered to eliminate remaining solid particles that may reduce the shelf life of the product. Labels may indicate the fact that the oil has
5684:
1843:
7626:
7543:
Owen, R.W; Giacosa, A; Hull, W.E; Haubner, R; Spiegelhalder, B; Bartsch, H (June 2000). "The antioxidant/anticancer potential of phenolic compounds isolated from olive oil".
3959:
7963:
6422:
6315:
5156:
2007:
documents and food fraud. Carapelli lawyer Neri Pinucci said the company was not worried about the charges and that "the case is based on an irregularity in the documents."
4412:
5770:
348:
Spain is the world's largest producer, manufacturing almost half of the world's olive oil. Other large producers are Italy, Greece, Portugal, Tunisia, Turkey and Morocco.
6719:
6635:
6082:
5009:
86a, where it says that the olives used to produce this kind of oil had not reached one-third of its natural stage of ripeness, and that it was used principally as a
5930:
3378:
6476:
7023:
Callaway J, Schwab U, Harvima I, Halonen P, Mykkänen O, Hyvönen P, Järvinen T (April 2005). "Efficacy of dietary hempseed oil in patients with atopic dermatitis".
5993:
7749:
5300:"Ministry of Agriculture in Olive Oil sector analysis: The Israeli farmer produces more olive oil and the Israeli public consumes more and pays less money for it"
4199:
6019:
5386:
7746:"Letter Responding to Health Claim Petition dated August 28, 2003: Monounsaturated Fatty Acids from Olive Oil and Coronary Heart Disease (Docket No 2003Q-0559)"
6395:
5329:
3547:, and oxidized LDL when compared to low-polyphenol olive oils, although it recommended longer studies, and more investigation of non-Mediterranean populations.
797:
and as an ingredient in salad dressings. It is also used with foods to be eaten cold. If uncompromised by heat, the flavor is stronger. It also can be used for
4644:
970:
is an international literary prize for writings about extra virgin olive oil. It yearly honors poetry, fiction and non-fiction about extra virgin olive oil.
3854:
Foley, B. P.; Hansson, M. C.; Kourkoumelis, D. P.; & Theodoulou, T. A. (2012). "Aspects of ancient Greek trade re-evaluated with amphora DNA evidence".
1935:
Furthermore, there is no "second" press of virgin oil, so the term "first press" means only that the oil was produced in a press vs. other possible methods.
7722:
3651:
3539:
A 2014 meta-analysis concluded that increased consumption of olive oil was associated with reduced risk of all-cause mortality, cardiovascular events and
6171:
6277:
5387:"U.S. Customs Department, Director Commercial Rulings Division – Country of origin marking of imported olive oil; 19 CFR 134.46; "imported by" language"
4558:
512:. Until around 1500 BC, eastern coastal areas of the Mediterranean were most heavily cultivated. Evidence also suggests that olives were being grown in
6255:
4473:
4248:
3728:
5477:
4503:
608:, and oil was an important item of commerce and wealth. Remains of olive oil have been found in jugs over 4,000 years old in a tomb on the island of
7806:"Scientific Opinion on the substantiation of health claims related to oleic acid intended to replace saturated fatty acids (SFAs) in foods or diets"
6454:
3937::2:173–181 (February 2000); Breton, Catherine; Michel Tersac and André Bervillé, "Genetic diversity and gene flow between the wild olive (oleaster,
1750:
fixed for this category in this standard. It is obtained by refining virgin oils to eliminate high acidity or organoleptic defects. Oils labeled as
7845:
6338:
1949:(PGI) refer to olive oils with "exceptional properties and quality derived from their place of origin as well as from the way of their production".
8054:
6609:
All values in this table are from this database unless otherwise cited or when italicized as the simple arithmetic sum of other component columns.
5450:
4348:
1870:, which is sometimes denoted as being "Made from refined and virgin olive oils" is a blend of refined olive oil with a virgin grade of olive oil.
10689:
7445:
Lozano-Sánchez, Jesús; Castro-Puyana, María; Mendiola, Jose; Segura-Carretero, Antonio; Cifuentes, Alejandro; Ibáez, Elena (September 15, 2014).
6124:
2003:
and selling it as extra virgin olive oil, both in Italy and abroad; 25,000 liters of the fake oil were seized and prevented from being exported.
897:
706:
4994:
4874:
4766:
5839:
4032:
3673:
2015:. Nineteen people were arrested following the year-long joint probe by the police and Spanish tax authorities, as part of Operation Lucerna.
6041:
5234:
4529:
5122:
4381:
3867:
Riley, F. R. "Olive Oil Production on Bronze Age Crete: Nutritional properties, Processing methods, and Storage life of Minoan olive oil".
1860:
chemicals have been used during the extraction process, and the oil is pure and unrefined. Virgin olive oils contain the highest levels of
840:
3766:
Kennell, Nigel M. "Most Necessary for the Bodies of Men: Olive Oil and its By-products in the Later Greek Gymnasium" in Mark Joyal (ed.),
555:
suggest that species used by modern cultivators descend from multiple wild populations, but detailed history of domestication is unknown.
5795:
2021:
Journalist Tom Mueller has investigated crime and adulteration in the olive oil business, publishing the article "Slippery Business" in
6228:
3524:
relationship has not been adequately established for consumption of olive oil and maintaining normal (fasting) blood concentrations of
6683:"Changes in dry matter, oil content and fatty acids composition of avocado during harvesting time and post-harvesting ripening period"
5355:
4609:
Sapra, Sameer; Rogach, Andrey L.; Feldmann, Jochen (2006). "Phosphine-free synthesis of monodisperse CdSe nanocrystals in olive oil".
9072:
7655:. The National Academies Collection: Reports funded by National Institutes of Health. Washington, DC: National Academies Press (US).
5658:
5178:
2018:
Using tiny print to state the origin of blended oil is used as a legal loophole by manufacturers of adulterated and mixed olive oil.
5870:
5680:
5415:
blending of Spanish olive oil with Italian olive oil in Italy does not result in a substantial transformation of the Spanish product
5307:
3941:
L.) and the olive: several Plio-Pleistocene refuge zones in the Mediterranean basin suggested by simple sequence repeats analysis",
481:
It is not clear when and where olive trees were first domesticated. The modern olive tree may have originated in ancient Persia and
7618:
5148:
4270:
3967:
524:
times), though the production of olive oil is assumed to have started before 4000 BC. Olive trees were certainly cultivated by the
9162:
6418:
6307:
5706:
5424:
8120:
5802:
5766:
5277:
4404:
1906:
is regulated in Europe, where the use of a centrifuge, the modern method of extraction for large quantities, must be labelled as
1779:
1709:
1522:
5762:
3064:, pungent taste, and are also implicated in its aroma. Olive oil is a source of at least 30 phenolic compounds, among which are
682:
578:
shows that by 6000 BC olives were being turned into olive oil and in 4500 BC at a now-submerged prehistoric settlement south of
544:
in the 16th century, when cultivation began in areas with a climate similar to the Mediterranean, such as Chile, Argentina, and
10560:
6201:
1766:
is refined pomace olive oil, often blended with some virgin oil. It is fit for consumption, but may not be described simply as
4064:
3433:(13.5 g) of olive oil supplies 500 kJ (119 kcal) of food energy and contains 13.5 g of fat, including 9.9 g of
1184:
to plants, and cannot be processed through conventional water treatment systems. Traditionally, olive pomace would be used as
8968:
8072:
8032:
8015:
7660:
7211:
6632:
Values from Nutritiondata.com (SR 21) may need to be reconciled with most recent release from the USDA SR 28 as of Sept 2017.
6538:
6149:
5081:
4136:
3520:. (See also: Commission Regulation (EU) 432/2012 of 16 May 2012). Despite its approval, the EFSA has noted that a definitive
1505:
1123:
In countries of the levant, a sharp-tasting green oil was sometimes extracted from unripe olives, known in medieval times as
7964:"The effect of high-polyphenol extra virgin olive oil on cardiovascular risk factors: A systematic review and meta-analysis"
6090:
5098:
4142:
9336:
7674:
6620:"Fats and fatty acids contents per 100 g (click for "more details"). Example: Avocado oil (user can search for other oils)"
4088:"Olive oil production on bronze age Crete: nutritional properties, processing methods and storage life of Minoan olive oil"
1839:
5922:
5212:
10682:
5900:
1066:
The olives are ground into paste using large millstones (traditional method), hammer, blade or disk mill (modern method).
283:
10462:
7745:
6839:
5989:
10113:
4242:
4206:
1799:
for oil with reasonably good flavor and odor and free fatty acid content of not more than 2 g per 100 g (2%);
1487:, which are also included in the association of Città dell'Olio. Italy imports about 65% of Spanish olive oil exports.
5390:
5333:
4026:"By the Rivers of Babylon: The Near Eastern Background and Influence on the Power Structures Ancient Israel and Judah"
1914:. In many parts of the world, such as Australia, producers using centrifugal extraction still label their products as
8087:
8047:
6682:
6387:
4970:
4912:
4832:
4721:
4675:
4313:
3712:
1945:
1577:
1029:
701:
The olive tree has historically been a symbol of peace between nations. It has played a religious and social role in
7361:
Tripoli, Elisa; Giammanco, Marco; Tabacchi, Garden; Di Majo, Danila; Giammanco, Santo; La Guardia, Maurizio (2005).
7343:
3753:
Scanlon, Thomas F. (2005). "The Dispersion of Pederasty and the Athletic Revolution in sixth-century BC Greece", in
1782:(USDA) established Standards for Grades of Olive Oil and Olive-Pomace Oil which closely parallel the IOC standards:
1471:. Many PDO and PGI extra-virgin olive oil are produced in these regions. Extra-virgin olive oil is also produced in
345:, together with wheat and grapes. Olive trees have been grown around the Mediterranean since the 8th millennium BC.
8742:
7912:"Monounsaturated fatty acids, olive oil and health status: A systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies"
4636:
2011:
have revealed their true nature. The oils were not toxic and posed no health risk, according to a statement by the
1542:
All production begins by transforming the olive fruit into olive paste by crushing or pressing. This paste is then
5736:
10494:
9011:
8058:
2133:
and tocosterols). The composition varies by cultivar, region, altitude, time of harvest, and extraction process.
1939:
1515:
1074:
by centrifugation/ the water is thereafter separated from the oil in a second centrifugation as described before.
7718:
839:(used to bless and strengthen those preparing for baptism) and oil of the sick (used to confer the Sacrament of
585:
Olive trees and oil production in the Eastern Mediterranean can be traced to archives of the ancient city-state
11754:
11718:
11072:
10675:
6179:
4460:
3639:
3501:
2065:
had warned that "the olive oil business has been corrupted by the Mafia" and that "Agromafia" was a 16 billion
1521:
The United States is not a member of the IOC and is not subject to its authority, but on October 25, 2010, the
1011:
6642:
11013:
10590:
10565:
9966:
9065:
9006:
5557:"An opto-electronic system for in-situ determination of peroxide value and total phenol content in olive oil"
4551:
1778:
The United States is not a member of the IOC and does not implement its grades, but on October 25, 2010, the
815:
7363:"The phenolic compounds of olive oil: structure, biological activity and beneficial effects on human health"
7067:
4168:
Blázquez, J. M. (October 1992). "The Latest Work on the Export of Baetican Olive Oil to Rome and the Army".
3374:
11702:
10615:
9268:
7866:
7614:
6745:
6247:
4477:
4156:
variety of uses, in cooking, as a dressing, as soap, as lamp oil, and as a base for manufacturing unguents.
3732:
3480:
6046:[Protected Designation of Origin and Protected Geographical Indication] (in Greek). Archived from
5488:
4499:
4232:
10595:
9696:
8938:
8113:
6444:
4907:. Translated by Jacobson, Jay C. Tel Aviv, Israel: Eretz Israel Museum and Oléarus editions. p. 23.
2275:
2268:
1835:
of California olive oil. This joins other official state, federal and international olive oil standards.
1705:
1511:
1440:, Spain is a center of olive oil production. Spain's olive oil production derives 75% from the region of
1042:
7837:
7311:
7176:
4587:
1445:
1433:
11506:
10522:
10474:
9112:
7696:
7329:
7289:
7267:
7249:
7154:
7132:
7110:
7088:
6952:
6930:
6908:
6886:
6864:
6805:
6659:
5454:
4338:
3365:
2032:
1007:
428:
8093:
6116:
5555:
Grossi, Marco; Di Lecce, Giuseppe; Arru, Marco; Gallina Toschi, Tullia; Riccò, Bruno (February 2015).
10585:
9930:
9738:
9001:
5973:
4903:
Frankel, Rafael (1994). "Ancient Oil Mills and Presses in the Land of Israel". In Etan Ayalon (ed.).
4376:
1626:
means the oil was produced by the use of mechanical means only, with no chemical treatment. The term
3677:
1657:. Lampante virgin oil can be used for industrial purposes, or refined (see below) to make it edible.
11167:
11162:
10945:
10374:
9329:
9242:
9058:
5831:
5032:"Review and Analysis of Alternatives for the Valorisation of Agro-Industrial Olive Oil By-Products"
2322:
967:
860:
6622:. Nutritiondata.com, Conde Nast for the USDA National Nutrient Database, Standard Release 21. 2014
11759:
10651:
10289:
9132:
9039:
8759:
6047:
4824:
4713:
1000:
925:
890:
732:
726:
571:
392:
279:
273:
6369:
5515:"Fast and Accurate Determination of Olive Oil Acidity by Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy"
4963:
The Land of Israel and Syria as Described by al-Tamimi – Jerusalem Physician of the 10th Century
4525:
4371:
1805:
is a virgin (mechanically-extracted) olive oil of poor flavor and odor, equivalent to the IOC's
774:
in countries surrounding the Mediterranean, and it forms one of the three staple food plants of
11199:
10605:
10349:
10334:
9212:
9197:
8441:
8106:
5118:
3812:
Kapellakis, Iosif Emmanouil (2008). "Olive oil history, production and by-product management".
3577:
1128:
822:. In the misconception, heating at these high heats is theorised to impact taste or nutrition.
341:. It also has additional uses in some religions. The olive is one of three core food plants in
7292:. US National Nutrient Database, Release 28, United States Department of Agriculture. May 2016
7270:. US National Nutrient Database, Release 28, United States Department of Agriculture. May 2016
7157:. US National Nutrient Database, Release 28, United States Department of Agriculture. May 2016
7135:. US National Nutrient Database, Release 28, United States Department of Agriculture. May 2016
7113:. US National Nutrient Database, Release 28, United States Department of Agriculture. May 2016
7091:. US National Nutrient Database, Release 28, United States Department of Agriculture. May 2016
6955:. US National Nutrient Database, Release 28, United States Department of Agriculture. May 2016
6933:. US National Nutrient Database, Release 28, United States Department of Agriculture. May 2016
6911:. US National Nutrient Database, Release 28, United States Department of Agriculture. May 2016
6889:. US National Nutrient Database, Release 28, United States Department of Agriculture. May 2016
6867:. US National Nutrient Database, Release 28, United States Department of Agriculture. May 2016
6808:. US National Nutrient Database, Release 28, United States Department of Agriculture. May 2016
6748:. US National Nutrient Database, Release 28, United States Department of Agriculture. May 2016
6662:. US National Nutrient Database, Release 28, United States Department of Agriculture. May 2016
6519:
Boskou, Dimitrios; Blekas, Georgios; Tsimidou, Maria (April 2006). "4 Olive Oil Composition".
4814:
4703:
4087:
3674:"United States Department of Agriculture: "Grading Manual for Olive Oil and Olive-Pomace Oil""
1664:
colourless and odourless and extremely low in free fatty acids. Olive oils sold as the grades
403:
people as early as the 8th millennium BC. Besides food, olive oil has been used for religious
11749:
11243:
10698:
10625:
10620:
9479:
9474:
9459:
9283:
8365:
7447:"Recovering Bioactive Compounds from Olive Oil Filter Cake by Advanced Extraction Techniques"
4795:
3089:
2261:
775:
388:
384:
342:
11546:
7496:
Wagner KH, Kamal-Eldin A, Elmadfa I (2004). "Gamma-tocopherol--an underestimated vitamin?".
5413:"Reference to HQ 560944 ruling of the Customs and Border Protection (CBP) on April 27, 1999
4785:
3755:
Same-Sex Desire and Love in Greco-Roman Antiquity and in the Classical Tradition of the West
1589:
11541:
10646:
10319:
10180:
9903:
9361:
9177:
8973:
8963:
8867:
8735:
7773:"Scientific Opinion on the substantiation of health claims related to polyphenols in olive"
7697:"Nutrient composition for a tablespoon of olive oil; 13.5 g from the pick list for portion"
5529:
4791:
3998:
3821:
3587:
3081:
2304:
2052:
1719:
1090:
979:
244:
117:
10575:
9778:
6619:
5654:
5513:
Grossi, Marco; Lecce, Giuseppe Di; Toschi, Tullia Gallina; Ricco, Bruno (September 2014).
5444:
5442:
8:
11744:
11082:
10940:
10878:
10600:
10580:
10512:
10429:
9841:
9564:
9559:
9322:
9293:
8985:
8699:
8675:
5862:
5299:
3640:"Evaluation of Chemical and Physical Changes in Different Commercial Oils during Heating"
3442:
3434:
3377:
for adults, except for potassium, which is estimated based on expert recommendation from
3207:
3197:
1743:
of up to 2.0%, and is judged to have a good taste, but may include some sensory defects.
933:
621:
311:
107:
89:
10950:
5533:
4282:
4002:
3825:
2217:
1153:
and used in cuisine and in medicine. Today, this oil is called "virgin oil" in English.
11739:
11462:
11398:
11248:
11204:
11152:
10610:
10534:
10484:
10213:
10043:
9586:
9356:
7938:
7911:
7521:
7473:
7446:
7392:
7089:"Safflower oil, salad or cooking, high oleic, primary commerce, fat composition, 100 g"
7048:
7000:
6975:
6887:"Corn oil, industrial and retail, all purpose salad or cooking, fat composition, 100 g"
5714:
5622:
5595:
5439:
5412:
4988:
4868:
4760:
4058:
3905:
3837:
3620:
3474:
3400:
3243:
3216:
3211:
1630:
with reference to production method includes all grades of virgin olive oil, including
1613:
1456:, in Spanish), capable of processing 2,500 tonnes of olives per day, is in the town of
944:
937:
836:
636:
437:
11253:
7556:
6043:Προϊόντα Προστατευόμενης Ονομασίας Προέλευσης και Προστατευόμενης Γεωγραφικής Ένδειξης
5269:
900:
uses virgin olive oil that has been blessed by the priesthood for anointing the sick.
11518:
11427:
11277:
11236:
11087:
11067:
10854:
10834:
10544:
10238:
10228:
10033:
9788:
8083:
8068:
8043:
8028:
8011:
7986:
7943:
7666:
7656:
7596:
7560:
7513:
7478:
7427:
7396:
7384:
7207:
7040:
7005:
6775:
6581:
6534:
6520:
5627:
5063:
5000:
4976:
4966:
4940:
4908:
4856:
4828:
4748:
4717:
4681:
4671:
4456:
4433:
4319:
4309:
4238:
4132:
4107:
3897:
3708:
3624:
1790:
1740:
1727:
1584:
of the oil's triglycerides: as the oil degrades, more fatty acids are freed from the
1558:
1551:
880:
372:
11442:
9182:
7867:
Scientific Committee/Scientific Panel of the European Food Safety Authority (2011).
7525:
7052:
6205:
3841:
11479:
11363:
11339:
11324:
11077:
11062:
10866:
10801:
10774:
10757:
10728:
10720:
10570:
10517:
10419:
10359:
10339:
9920:
9888:
9821:
9576:
9549:
9539:
9232:
9202:
9096:
8980:
8655:
8540:
8275:
8169:
7978:
7933:
7923:
7890:
7880:
7817:
7784:
7588:
7552:
7505:
7468:
7458:
7444:
7423:
7419:
7374:
7199:
7032:
6995:
6987:
6791:
6787:
6573:
6526:
6153:
5617:
5607:
5575:
5571:
5537:
5053:
5043:
4618:
4177:
4099:
4006:
3829:
3582:
3521:
2933:
2535:
1991:
and arrested 40 people in nine provinces of northern and southern Italy for adding
1761:
1593:
1570:
913:
628:
208:
183:
99:
7982:
1827:
These grades are voluntary. Certification is available, for a fee, from the USDA.
11696:
11680:
11583:
11566:
11496:
11454:
11410:
11292:
11258:
11231:
11194:
11129:
10932:
10842:
10329:
10324:
10243:
10163:
9858:
9723:
9288:
9263:
9192:
9187:
9029:
8807:
8728:
8595:
8482:
8426:
8227:
8022:
7290:"Soybean oil, salad or cooking, (partially hydrogenated), fat composition, 100 g"
6477:"The Olive Oil Scam: If 80% Is Fake, Why Do You Keep Buying It? 10 February 2016"
4126:
3544:
3529:
3513:
2037:
2027:
1449:
1136:
912:
observance, olive oil was the only fuel allowed to be used in the seven-branched
844:
702:
664:
552:
505:
326:
74:
9686:
7592:
3922:
Besnarda, Guillaume; André Bervillé, "Multiple origins for Mediterranean olive (
11390:
11351:
11302:
11054:
11030:
10890:
10745:
10740:
10656:
10467:
10404:
10354:
10344:
10311:
10269:
10185:
10158:
9469:
9402:
9397:
9366:
9273:
9227:
9207:
8882:
8837:
8822:
8615:
8600:
8467:
7650:
7155:"Palm oil, industrial, fully hydrogenated, filling fat, fat composition, 100 g"
5593:
5208:
3504:(EFSA) in 2011, health claims on olive oil were approved for protection by its
3061:
3049:
2597:
2530:
2497:
2056:
1173:
929:
794:
656:
318:
256:
11307:
10203:
7719:"FDA Allows Qualified Health Claim to Decrease Risk of Coronary Heart Disease"
7036:
6530:
5892:
5541:
4181:
3833:
1803:
U.S. virgin olive oil Not Fit For Human Consumption Without Further Processing
529:
other parts of the Mediterranean, olive farming was introduced to places like
11733:
11432:
11265:
10970:
10960:
10906:
10750:
10529:
10489:
10442:
10437:
10414:
10409:
10384:
10299:
10294:
10128:
10075:
9951:
9893:
9863:
9831:
9718:
9705:
9484:
9432:
9422:
9412:
9247:
8948:
8862:
8709:
8660:
8650:
8570:
8545:
8509:
8436:
8421:
7928:
7885:
7868:
7822:
7805:
7789:
7772:
5067:
4980:
4944:
4860:
4810:
4752:
4699:
4685:
4323:
4111:
3901:
3533:
3525:
3488:
3454:
3450:
3446:
3396:
3187:
3065:
2963:
2826:
2664:
2313:
2244:
2187:
2168:
2114:
2110:
2085:
2012:
1996:
1609:
1601:
1457:
1429:
1201:
1177:
819:
601:
368:
364:
295:
151:
141:
112:
61:
51:
7227:
4103:
1924:
means "that the fruit of the olive was crushed exactly one time – i.e., the
1758:
are primarily refined olive oil, with a small addition of virgin for taste.
1448:
which produces 70% of the olive oil in Spain. The world's largest olive oil
1093:
usually has a slightly cloudy appearance, and is therefore sometimes called
40:
Extra virgin olive oil presented with green and black preserved table olives
11282:
11008:
10978:
10733:
10539:
10369:
10021:
10001:
9878:
9671:
9646:
9601:
9596:
9569:
9544:
9452:
9447:
9427:
9417:
9278:
9222:
8943:
8933:
8897:
8872:
8817:
8670:
8565:
8494:
8370:
8316:
8285:
7990:
7947:
7670:
7600:
7564:
7517:
7482:
7431:
7388:
7044:
7009:
6693:
6643:"USDA Specifications for Vegetable Oil Margarine Effective August 28, 1996"
6585:
5631:
4928:
4343:
4231:
Essid, Mohamed Yassine (2012). "Chapter 2. History of Mediterranean Food".
4010:
3932:
Comptes Rendus de l'Académie des Sciences – Series III – Sciences de la Vie
3484:
3392:
3149:
2398:
2365:
2202:
2102:
2090:
1691:
1077:
660:
609:
567:
Ancient oil press (Bodrum Museum of Underwater Archaeology, Bodrum, Turkey)
534:
521:
490:
450:
355:, altitude, time of harvest, and extraction process. It consists mainly of
220:
201:
66:
7613:
7463:
6773:
2248:
The nutritional values are expressed as percent (%) by mass of total fat.
1823:
is an oil made from refined oils with some restrictions on the processing.
1441:
1437:
713:
because her gift of an olive tree was held to be more precious than rival
371:(up to 20%). Extra virgin olive oil is required to have no more than 0.8%
11437:
11287:
11157:
11102:
10983:
10814:
10641:
10379:
10364:
10143:
10133:
10118:
9981:
9971:
9868:
9641:
9631:
9591:
9464:
9407:
9298:
9237:
9152:
9122:
8802:
8704:
8640:
8630:
8625:
8605:
8504:
8457:
8385:
8311:
8164:
7332:. US National Nutrient Database, United States Department of Agriculture.
6308:"Spanish Police Say Palm, Avocado, Sunflower Was Passed Off as Olive Oil"
3564:
3415:
3411:
3406:
In a reference amount of 100 grams (3.5 oz), olive oil supplies 884
3133:
3111:
3085:
3053:
3037:
2928:
2895:
2564:
2431:
2331:
2282:
2130:
2094:
2048:
2000:
1992:
1562:
1534:
1197:
1172:, which amounts to millions of tons (billions of liters) annually in the
960:
868:
848:
835:
The Roman Catholic, Orthodox and Anglican churches use olive oil for the
810:
806:
771:
668:
642:
525:
509:
482:
420:
161:
130:
10667:
8877:
6931:"Cottonseed oil, industrial, fully hydrogenated, fat composition, 100 g"
4670:. Chichester, West Sussex, UK: John Wiley & Sons. pp. 155–156.
4308:. Chichester, West Sussex, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. p. 356.
3909:
3885:
798:
11501:
11182:
11040:
11023:
10824:
10779:
10279:
10253:
10148:
10038:
9986:
9925:
9910:
9883:
9753:
9728:
9626:
9581:
9554:
9499:
9494:
9437:
9382:
9217:
9142:
9137:
9127:
9107:
8953:
8902:
8832:
8797:
8792:
8665:
8610:
8575:
8550:
8535:
8489:
8390:
8186:
8098:
7895:
7203:
7198:. Vol. 2 (6th ed.). John Wiley & Sons, Inc. p. 465.
6991:
5058:
5048:
5031:
5010:
4958:
4887:
4848:
4740:
3517:
3505:
3438:
3430:
3077:
3069:
3057:
2996:
2863:
2793:
2292:
2153:
2118:
2106:
2061:
1861:
1683:
and once re-blended with virgin olive oils for taste, is then known as
1619:
The grades of oil extracted from the olive fruit can be classified as:
1581:
1573:
1547:
1543:
1209:
1205:
1169:
1014: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
921:
884:
863:(as a symbol of the strengthening of the Holy Spirit), in the rites of
690:
632:
613:
545:
470:
441:
recommends applying a mixture of olive oil combined with either oil of
396:
360:
356:
307:
232:
94:
10762:
10092:
8055:"Microbiological Food Safety of Olive Oil: A Review of the Literature"
7509:
7379:
7362:
7194:
Orthoefer FT (2005). "Chapter 10: Rice Bran Oil". In Shahidi F (ed.).
6976:"Grape Seed Oil Compounds: Biological and Chemical Actions for Health"
6577:
5235:"La marca Italia se queda con el aceite español. Noticias de Economía"
4234:
MediTerra: The Mediterranean Diet for Sustainable Regional Development
1550:(modern method). After extraction the remnant solid substance, called
818:
that there are no olive oils with a smoke point as high as many other
759:
11484:
11415:
11368:
11356:
11270:
11003:
10998:
10284:
10168:
10153:
10108:
10016:
9991:
9873:
9853:
9783:
9773:
9763:
9743:
9621:
9524:
9514:
9504:
9489:
9387:
9345:
9303:
9147:
8887:
8842:
8772:
8645:
8560:
8530:
8499:
8380:
8375:
8347:
8201:
5971:
Bogle, Deborah; Mueller, Tom (May 12, 2012). "Losing our Virginity".
5740:
5612:
4637:"What's the Difference Between Extra Virgin & Regular Olive Oil?"
4622:
3509:
3423:
3419:
3310:
3297:
3103:
3073:
2066:
1968:
1832:
1597:
1585:
1193:
1112:
1053:
956:
943:
In Judaism of Ancient Israel, olive oil was also used to prepare the
676:
432:
400:
322:
194:
20:
8525:
6973:
3960:"8,000-year old olive oil found in Galilee, earliest known in world"
989:
843:
or extreme unction). Olive oil mixed with a perfuming agent such as
427:
and other Greeks used oil to rub themselves while exercising in the
11675:
11670:
11628:
11613:
11576:
11467:
11420:
11334:
11312:
11297:
11214:
11187:
11177:
11172:
11117:
11018:
10883:
10789:
10457:
10274:
10218:
10208:
10085:
10006:
9798:
9768:
9681:
9676:
9656:
8907:
8857:
8827:
8812:
8777:
8767:
8620:
8587:
8555:
8477:
8462:
8413:
8321:
8251:
8236:
8196:
6774:
Katragadda HR, Fullana A, Sidhu S, Carbonell-Barrachina ÁA (2010).
6449:
4438:
3988:
2764:
2731:
2631:
2464:
2122:
1972:
1654:
1480:
1464:
1346:
1181:
783:
714:
563:
541:
497:
416:
408:
352:
338:
9961:
9606:
9050:
3465:
1168:
Handling of olive waste is an environmental challenge because the
748:
635:, was used by the Egyptians, and continued to be used through the
11403:
11378:
11373:
11344:
11329:
11224:
11209:
11112:
10988:
10819:
10504:
10452:
10447:
10396:
10233:
10080:
10048:
9956:
9915:
9848:
9836:
9826:
9666:
9661:
9651:
9636:
8852:
8847:
8337:
8302:
8154:
8146:
7830:
5005:
4880:
4818:
4707:
3768:
In Altum: Seventy-Five Years of Classical Studies in Newfoundland
3407:
3277:
3093:
3045:
2223:
2174:
2041:
1723:
1472:
1400:
1364:
1310:
1212:
1189:
1185:
940:, oil containers are preferred, to imitate the original menorah.
917:
864:
752:
575:
517:
10955:
8094:
CODEX STAN 33-1981 Standard for Olive Oils and Olive Pomace Oils
5554:
5149:"Gruppo Pieralisi Powers World's Largest Olive Oil Mill in Jaén"
3886:"Wine and olive oil in Crete and Cyprus: socio-economic aspects"
11571:
11523:
11511:
11489:
11472:
11107:
10911:
10871:
10859:
10767:
10479:
10070:
10058:
10026:
9976:
9898:
9758:
9616:
9534:
9442:
9101:
8928:
8912:
8892:
8787:
8342:
8270:
8246:
8206:
8181:
7360:
6481:
4339:"Cooking With Olive Oil: Should You Fry and Sear in It or Not?"
3572:
3540:
3483:
allows producers of olive oil to place the following qualified
3107:
2126:
2072:
1910:, while only a physically pressed olive oil may be labelled as
1468:
1328:
1292:
1162:
1107:
1047:
909:
872:
856:
852:
710:
617:
605:
594:
590:
486:
454:
442:
424:
404:
7803:
7770:
7409:
6419:"Italy Arrests 33 Accused of Olive Oil Fraud 16 February 2017"
5923:"What Makes Olive Oil Extra Virgin and Can I Trust the Label?"
5451:"Deceptive Olive Oil Labels on Major Brands (includes photos)"
4453:
Dictionary of Jewish Terms: A Guide to the Language of Judaism
3757:, ed. B.C. Verstraete and V. Provençal, Harrington Park Press.
1588:, increasing the level of free acidity and thereby increasing
375:, and is considered to have favorable flavor characteristics.
11647:
11635:
11623:
11618:
11608:
11603:
11317:
11219:
11145:
11140:
11035:
10847:
10809:
10248:
10175:
10138:
10065:
10011:
9996:
9946:
9748:
9733:
9713:
9611:
9529:
9519:
9509:
9392:
9314:
9081:
8782:
8751:
8261:
8213:
8191:
8159:
6563:
6388:"Mafia Control of Olive Oil the Topic of '60 Minutes' Report"
6339:"Has the Italian Mafia Sold You Fake Extra Virgin Olive Oil?"
4586:. ucanr.edu (Division of Agriculture and Natural Resources).
4583:
3096:
3041:
1484:
1476:
1382:
1274:
1256:
1240:
1144:
1117:
876:
787:
779:
763:
604:
before 2000 BC imported olive oil from Crete, Syria and
579:
530:
513:
501:
474:
465:
299:
7022:
6974:
Garavaglia J, Markoski MM, Oliveira A, Marcadenti A (2016).
6953:"Linseed/Flaxseed oil, cold pressed, fat composition, 100 g"
6604:
3558:
1986:
Inadequate harvest, with contact between the olives and soil
883:, and, traditionally, in the anointing of monarchs at their
35:
11652:
11097:
10993:
9803:
9793:
8290:
8280:
8241:
8223:
8176:
7641:
6720:"What is unrefined, extra virgin cold-pressed avocado oil?"
3611:
Gray, Sarah (2015). "Cooking with extra virgin olive oil".
1592:. Another measure of the oil's chemical degradation is the
586:
446:
412:
334:
330:
7619:"Daily Value on the Nutrition and Supplement Facts Labels"
6909:"Cottonseed oil, salad or cooking, fat composition, 100 g"
6776:"Emissions of volatile aldehydes from heated cooking oils"
5209:"Associazione Nazionale Città dell'Olio – Citta dell'olio"
5113:
5111:
3496:
increase the overall number of calories consumed in a day.
10223:
10053:
8720:
8404:
8137:
8129:
7960:
3388:
3173:
516:
as long ago as 2500 BC. The earliest surviving olive oil
7495:
6717:
5179:"Tuscan Extra Virgin Olive Oil: A Product of Excellence"
5030:
Berbel, Julio; Posadillo, Alejandro (January 17, 2018).
3637:
3080:, together with other closely related compounds such as
1864:, antioxidants that have been linked with better health.
317:
It is commonly used in cooking for frying foods or as a
7268:"Soybean oil, salad or cooking, fat composition, 100 g"
5108:
1887:
calories than extra virgin oil as implied by the names.
1566:
589:(2600–2240 BC), which were located on the outskirts of
7542:
6072:(Australia), October 17, 2010 Sunday, Features; p. 10.
5512:
3638:
De Alzaa, F.; Guillaume, C.; Ravetti, L. (June 2018).
8065:
Olives and Olive Oil in Health and Disease Prevention
8006:
Caruso, Tiziano; Magnano di San Lio, Eugenio (eds.).
7909:
7111:"Olive oil, salad or cooking, fat composition, 100 g"
6445:"Don't fall victim to olive oil fraud 3 January 2016"
3512:
of blood lipids, and for maintenance of normal blood
2237:
2051:
police arrested 33 suspects in the Calabrian mafia's
1646:
olive oil products, depending on quality (see below).
493:, though some scholars argue for an Egyptian origin.
7764:
6607:. United States Department of Agriculture. May 2016.
6518:
5421:
United States International Trade Commission Rulings
4905:
History and Technology of Olive Oil in the Holy Land
4197:
3883:
3692:
3554:
3516:
levels by replacing saturated fats in the diet with
1718:
is the highest grade of virgin olive oil derived by
7577:
7489:
5655:"The 101 of olive oil designations and definitions"
4608:
4023:
3884:Hadjisavvas, Sophocles; Chaniotis, Angelos (2012).
3814:
Reviews in Environmental Science and Bio/Technology
1726:or refining methods. It contains no more than 0.8%
1708:, as well as in Australia, and under the voluntary
1229:Olive oil production – annual average 2023 to 2024
1089:been filtered, suggesting a different taste. Fresh
7797:
7721:. US Food and Drug Administration. November 2004.
7652:Dietary Reference Intakes for Sodium and Potassium
6204:. Novaoliva.com. February 21, 2013. Archived from
1793:of not more than 0.8 g per 100 g (0.8%);
624:, where it is thought to have represented wealth.
6718:Wong M, Requejo-Jackman C, Woolf A (April 2010).
6599:
6597:
6595:
5292:
3287:
1838:Several olive producer associations, such as the
1704:In countries that adhere to the standards of the
1557:One parameter used to characterise an oil is its
11731:
5987:
5952:"Bone density scan ... Olive oil ... Bursitis".
5796:"United States Standard for Grades of Olive Oil"
5763:"United States Standard for Grades of Olive Oil"
5475:
5142:
5140:
4780:
4778:
4776:
3779:
1596:, which measures the degree to which the oil is
166:190–215 °C (374–419 °F) (extra virgin)
8053:Palumbo, Mary; Linda J. Harris (December 2011)
8025:– The Sublime and Scandalous World of Olive Oil
7607:
5029:
4939:] (in Arabic). Leiden: Brill. p. 181.
4937:The Best Divisions for Knowledge of the Regions
4898:
4896:
4131:. London and New York: Routledge. p. 107.
3930:) based upon mitochondrial DNA polymorphisms",
3068:, a marker for maturation of olives, and alpha-
947:used for priests, kings, prophets, and others.
898:The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
469:Ancient Greek olive oil production workshop in
383:Olive oil has long been a common ingredient in
7971:Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition
6592:
6559:
6557:
6229:"Italian police crack down on olive oil fraud"
5356:"New U.S. Olive Oil Standards in Effect Today"
3957:
3128:Nutritional value per 100 g (3.5 oz)
2097:(approx. 20%) or alkenyl groups (approx. 80%).
1699:
10683:
9330:
9066:
8736:
8114:
6248:"Forty arrested in new 'fake' olive oil scam"
6144:
6142:
5146:
5137:
4794:London: University of Oxford. 1805. pp.
4773:
1806:
351:The composition of olive oil varies with the
6680:
6165:
6163:
6114:
5990:"Olive pomace oil: not what you might think"
5970:
5832:"Olive Oil Standards in the US: An Overview"
5681:"Designations and definitions of olive oils"
5264:
5262:
5260:
4933:Kitāb Aḥsan at-taqāsīm fī maʻrifat al-aqālīm
4893:
4735:
4733:
4200:"Olive Processing Waste Management: Summary"
8010:, Giuseppe Maimone Editore, Catania, 2008,
7451:International Journal of Molecular Sciences
6605:"US National Nutrient Database, Release 28"
6554:
6278:"Investigations Into Deodorized Olive Oils"
4584:"California olive oil is worth the splurge"
4193:
4191:
3460:
3414:, and is a rich source (20% or more of the
1789:for oil with excellent flavor and odor and
1463:Italian major producers are the regions of
1148:
859:, which is used to confer the sacrament of
793:Extra virgin olive oil is mostly used as a
359:(up to 83%), with smaller amounts of other
10690:
10676:
9337:
9323:
9073:
9059:
8743:
8729:
8121:
8107:
8080:Olives: The Life and Lore of a Noble Fruit
7615:United States Food and Drug Administration
7354:
6692:. Elsevier. pp. 79–83. Archived from
6566:Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
6337:Nadeau, Barbie Latza (November 14, 2015).
6172:"Murky Italian olive oil to be pored over"
6139:
6110:
6108:
5589:
5587:
5585:
4993:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
4873:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
4765:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
4237:. Presses de Sciences Po. pp. 51–69.
3811:
2101:Olive oil is composed mainly of the mixed
1983:Raw material (olives) infected or battered
1569:, but the percent (measured by weight) of
1554:, still contains a small quantity of oil.
696:
10697:
7937:
7927:
7894:
7884:
7821:
7788:
7472:
7462:
7378:
7193:
6999:
6160:
5621:
5611:
5257:
5057:
5047:
5025:
5023:
5021:
5019:
4957:
4927:
4730:
4526:"Castile Olive Oil Soap, Spain, 2000 BCE"
4161:
4124:
2089:General chemical structure of food fats (
1712:labeling standards in the United States:
1672:therefore cannot contain any refined oil.
1030:Learn how and when to remove this message
8128:
7743:
7196:Bailey's Industrial Oil and Fat Products
7187:
6833:
6831:
6829:
6827:
6825:
6823:
6746:"Brazil nut oil, fat composition, 100 g"
6367:
6062:
5729:
4853:Flora and Fauna in Maimonides' Teachings
4745:Flora and Fauna in Maimonides' Teachings
4188:
4167:
4056:
3807:
3805:
3803:
3801:
3799:
3797:
3795:
3793:
3791:
3698:
3464:
3060:, which give extra virgin olive oil its
2084:
1817:is a mixture of virgin and refined oils;
1690:
1533:
1052:
1041:
790:, used as a dessert fruit and for wine.
758:
747:
681:
641:
562:
464:
7910:Schwingshackl, L; Hoffmann, G. (2014).
7804:European Food Safety Authority (2011).
7771:European Food Safety Authority (2011).
7025:The Journal of Dermatological Treatment
6769:
6767:
6765:
6763:
6489:from the original on September 20, 2018
6457:from the original on September 20, 2018
6425:from the original on September 20, 2018
6105:
5803:United States Department of Agriculture
5790:
5788:
5767:United States Department of Agriculture
5649:
5647:
5645:
5643:
5641:
5582:
4902:
4544:
4369:
4336:
3606:
3604:
3602:
3031:
1780:United States Department of Agriculture
1710:United States Department of Agriculture
1161:The remaining semi-solid waste, called
558:
533:and continued to spread throughout the
284:question marks, boxes, or other symbols
11732:
7842:Official Journal of the European Union
7699:. USDA FoodData Central. April 1, 2019
6840:"Where There's Smoke, There's a Fryer"
6514:
6512:
6510:
6508:
6506:
6504:
6349:from the original on November 18, 2015
6336:
5988:Williams, Daniel (September 9, 2010).
5981:
5863:"NAOOA Certified Quality Seal Program"
5773:from the original on November 11, 2018
5661:from the original on February 26, 2015
5427:from the original on February 11, 2017
5384:
5159:from the original on November 17, 2015
5125:from the original on February 25, 2023
5016:
4518:
4205:. oliveoil.ucdavis.edu. Archived from
1739:is a lesser grade of virgin oil, with
10671:
9318:
9054:
8724:
8102:
8063:Preedy, V. R.; Watson, R. R. (eds.).
7903:
7860:
7848:from the original on October 13, 2016
6865:"Coconut oil, fat composition, 100 g"
6837:
6820:
6660:"Avocado oil, fat composition, 100 g"
6398:from the original on November 9, 2018
6318:from the original on February 6, 2017
6288:from the original on November 7, 2017
6226:
6169:
5964:
5755:
5687:from the original on December 3, 2018
5366:from the original on February 6, 2017
5245:from the original on October 19, 2017
4855:(in Hebrew). Kfar Darom. p. 74.
4809:
4747:(in Hebrew). Kfar Darom. p. 73.
4698:
4576:
4506:from the original on December 3, 2013
4230:
4145:from the original on January 15, 2023
4085:
4024:Brown, Nathaniel R. (June 11, 2011).
4017:
3788:
2267:
2070:olive oil". Weeks later, a report by
1695:Italian label for "extra vergine" oil
1612:present in olive oil also add acidic
1506:Olive oil regulation and adulteration
1490:
955:Olive oil is also a natural and safe
627:Olive oil was also a major export of
508:, having been spread westward by the
9035:
7498:Annals of Nutrition & Metabolism
7336:
7330:"Walnut oil, fat composition, 100 g"
6967:
6806:"Canola oil, fat composition, 100 g"
6760:
6726:. The American Oil Chemists' Society
6258:from the original on January 9, 2009
6245:
5933:from the original on January 3, 2020
5903:from the original on January 3, 2020
5873:from the original on January 3, 2020
5785:
5638:
5274:North American Olive Oil Association
4965:(in Hebrew). Ramat-Gan. p. 78.
4847:
4739:
4665:
4415:from the original on August 28, 2019
4303:
4063:. Paris: Librairie Honoré Champion.
3958:Schuster, Ruth (December 17, 2014).
3782:The Medical History of Contraception
3631:
3610:
3599:
3102:Other phenolic constituents include
2025:magazine, followed by the 2011 book
1840:North American Olive Oil Association
1561:. In this context, "acidity" is not
1529:
1012:adding citations to reliable sources
983:
875:and bishops, in the consecration of
705:, especially concerning the city of
460:
9080:
7748:. US Food and Drug Administration.
7725:from the original on March 10, 2017
7629:from the original on March 27, 2024
6501:
5996:from the original on April 23, 2019
5673:
4668:The extra-virgin olive oil handbook
4474:"Soap Making from Scratch Workshop"
4384:from the original on March 30, 2024
4306:The extra virgin olive oil handbook
1140:
778:, the other two being wheat (as in
540:Olive trees were introduced to the
395:. Wild olives, which originated in
175:Solidity at 20 °C (68 °F)
170:210 °C (410 °F) (refined)
13:
10114:Halford Leicestershire Table Sauce
8000:
7133:"Palm oil, fat composition, 100 g"
7077:. The Vegetarian Health Institute.
7065:
6368:Whitaker, Bill (January 3, 2016).
6127:from the original on June 13, 2007
5915:
5385:Durant, John (September 5, 2000).
5310:from the original on April 9, 2022
5280:from the original on April 6, 2023
5215:from the original on July 30, 2018
5189:from the original on July 30, 2018
5147:Vivante, Lucy (November 2, 2011).
4590:from the original on July 19, 2018
4564:from the original on July 19, 2018
4552:"Synthesis of Soap from Olive Oil"
4532:from the original on July 19, 2018
4067:from the original on April 2, 2019
4031:. history.ucsc.edu. Archived from
3644:Acta Scientific Nutritional Health
3072:, one of the eight members of the
2238:Comparison to other vegetable oils
1156:
1046:A cold press olive oil machine in
213:1.4677–1.4705 (virgin and refined)
168:215 °C (419 °F) (virgin)
14:
11771:
9117:
7752:from the original on June 3, 2013
7744:Brackett, R. E. (November 2004).
5860:
5842:from the original on May 24, 2021
5812:from the original on May 16, 2017
5707:"What is extra virgin olive oil?"
5448:
5099:"International Olive Oil Council"
5082:"International Olive Oil Council"
4787:Geoponika – Agricultural Pursuits
4647:from the original on May 24, 2021
4351:from the original on May 18, 2024
4251:from the original on May 11, 2021
3991:Journal of Archaeological Science
3856:Journal of Archaeological Science
2242:
1946:protected geographical indication
1101:
237:maximum: 6.6%(refined and pomace)
9695:
9161:
9034:
9025:
9024:
8027:, Atlantic Books, London, 2012.
7954:
7737:
7711:
7689:
7677:from the original on May 9, 2024
7571:
7536:
7438:
7403:
7322:
7304:
7282:
7260:
7242:
7220:
7169:
7147:
7125:
7103:
7081:
7059:
7016:
6980:Nutrition and Metabolic Insights
6945:
6923:
6901:
6879:
6857:
6798:
6738:
6711:
6674:
6652:
6227:Moore, Malcolm (March 5, 2008).
6115:Mueller, Tom (August 13, 2007).
5657:. Australian Olive Association.
4931:(1906) . de Goeje, M. J. (ed.).
4402:
4370:McManus, Lisa (August 2, 2023).
4337:Gritzer, Daniel (May 15, 2023).
4086:Riley, F.R. (February 1, 2002).
3890:British School at Athens Studies
3654:from the original on May 6, 2021
3578:List of ancient dishes and foods
3557:
3366:Full Link to USDA Database entry
1853:
1773:
1616:properties to aroma and flavor.
1393:
1375:
1357:
1339:
1321:
1303:
1285:
1267:
1249:
1218:
988:
825:
423:, and skincare application. The
34:
8059:University of California, Davis
7250:"Oil, sesame, salad or cooking"
6612:
6469:
6437:
6411:
6380:
6361:
6330:
6300:
6270:
6239:
6220:
6194:
6083:"Report Scusi, Lei E' Vergine?"
6075:
6034:
6008:
5945:
5885:
5854:
5824:
5699:
5683:. International Olive Council.
5548:
5506:
5469:
5405:
5378:
5348:
5322:
5227:
5201:
5171:
5091:
5074:
4951:
4921:
4841:
4802:
4692:
4659:
4629:
4602:
4492:
4466:
4445:
4427:
4396:
4363:
4330:
4297:
4263:
4224:
4118:
4079:
4050:
3982:
3951:
3916:
3877:
3861:
3848:
2080:
1961:
1940:Protected designation of origin
1516:protected designation of origin
999:needs additional citations for
830:
743:
496:The olive tree reached Greece,
321:. It can also be found in some
10561:Accompaniments to french fries
9344:
7424:10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.02.097
6792:10.1016/j.foodchem.2009.09.070
6170:Moore, Malcolm (May 7, 2007).
5576:10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2014.08.015
4611:Journal of Materials Chemistry
3784:. Gamut Press. pp. 86–87.
3773:
3760:
3747:
3721:
3666:
3502:European Food Safety Authority
2145:Percentage (m/m methyl esters)
1580:, acidity is a measure of the
1523:U.S. Department of Agriculture
1120:are added when oil is stored.
19:For the Popeye character, see
1:
7983:10.1080/10408398.2018.1470491
7557:10.1016/S0959-8049(00)00103-9
6246:Pisa, Nick (April 22, 2008).
4790:. Vol. 1. Translated by
4557:. webpages.uidaho.edu. 2010.
4198:Nicole Sturzenberger (2007).
4092:Oxford Journal of Archaeology
3869:Oxford Journal of Archaeology
3729:"International Olive Council"
3593:
3138:3,700 kJ (880 kcal)
3036:Olive oil contains traces of
1538:A bottle of Italian olive oil
1499:
1223:
1143:), being a corruption of the
973:
932:, and later in the permanent
663:. According to the historian
136:3,700 kJ (880 kcal)
11703:A Book of Mediterranean Food
7916:Lipids in Health and Disease
5897:California Olive Oil Council
4372:"Olive Oil 101: How to Shop"
4060:Notes on the Story of Sinuhe
3701:The Oxford Companion to Food
3373:Percentages estimated using
3117:
2047:In early February 2017, the
1844:California Olive Oil Council
720:
689:, 16th-century engraving by
249:184–196 (virgin and refined)
133:per 100 g (3.5 oz)
7:
8969:regulation and adulteration
8939:International Olive Council
8082:, North Point Press, 1996.
6681:Ozdemir F, Topuz A (2004).
5564:Journal of Food Engineering
4666:Peri, Claudio, ed. (2014).
4304:Peri, Claudio, ed. (2014).
3703:. Oxford University Press.
3550:
3532:concentrations, and normal
1787:U.S. extra virgin olive oil
1706:International Olive Council
1700:International Olive Council
1512:International Olive Council
1188:or developed as a possible
891:Eastern Orthodox Christians
298:obtained by pressing whole
146:−6.0 °C (21.2 °F)
16:Liquid fat made from olives
10:
11776:
10523:Balsamic vinegar of Modena
9693:
8750:
8626:Linseed oil (flaxseed oil)
7545:European Journal of Cancer
7367:Nutrition Research Reviews
5739:. Prosodol. Archived from
4125:Castleden, Rodney (2005).
4057:Gardiner, Alan H. (1916).
3770:, 2001; popis pp. 119–133.
3479:In the United States, the
3472:
3025:160 °C (320 °F)
2991:227 °C (440 °F)
2923:238 °C (460 °F)
2858:232 °C (450 °F)
2821:232 °C (450 °F)
2759:235 °C (455 °F)
2726:193 °C (380 °F)
2692:212 °C (414 °F)
2659:166 °C (330 °F)
2626:216 °C (421 °F)
2592:107 °C (225 °F)
2525:216 °C (420 °F)
2492:232 °C (450 °F)
2459:175 °C (347 °F)
2426:204 °C (400 °F)
2393:208 °C (406 °F)
2360:250 °C (482 °F)
1720:cold mechanical extraction
1503:
1132:
977:
903:
770:Olive oil is an important
724:
717:'s gift of a salt spring.
709:, named after the goddess
378:
314:, and extracting the oil.
225:75–94 (virgin and refined)
197:at 20 °C (68 °F)
186:at 20 °C (68 °F)
18:
11714:
11689:
11663:
11596:
11559:
11534:
11453:
11389:
11128:
11051:
10969:
10931:
10924:
10899:
10833:
10800:
10719:
10712:
10705:
10634:
10553:
10503:
10428:
10395:
10310:
10262:
10196:
10101:
9939:
9931:Watermelon rind preserves
9812:
9739:Garlic chive flower sauce
9704:
9375:
9352:
9269:Hellmann's and Best Foods
9256:
9170:
9159:
9089:
9020:
8994:
8921:
8758:
8692:
8584:
8518:
8450:
8435:
8412:
8403:
8358:
8330:
8301:
8260:
8222:
8145:
8136:
7593:10.1093/clinchem/46.7.976
7037:10.1080/09546630510035832
6838:Wolke RL (May 16, 2007).
6531:10.1201/9781439832028.pt2
5542:10.1109/JSEN.2014.2321323
5476:Francis, Raymond (1998).
4182:10.1017/S0017383500024153
3948::11:1916 (November 2006).
3834:10.1007/s11157-007-9120-9
3780:Himes, Norman E. (1963).
3372:
3362:
3358:
3350:
3338:
3334:
3326:
3322:
3309:
3296:
3275:
3271:
3267:
3260:
3256:
3240:
3236:
3232:
3206:
3196:
3186:
3170:
3166:
3162:
3146:
3142:
3132:
3127:
2291:
2281:
2274:
2260:
2255:
2252:
1215:for potential human use.
679:pressing system in 1795.
255:
243:
231:
219:
207:
193:
182:
174:
160:
156:299 °C (570 °F)
150:
140:
129:
124:
106:
88:
80:
73:
57:
50:
45:
33:
11168:Maccheroni alla chitarra
11163:Mortadella di Campotosto
8067:, Academic Press, 2010.
7929:10.1186/1476-511X-13-154
7886:10.2903/j.efsa.2011.2044
7823:10.2903/j.efsa.2011.2043
7790:10.2903/j.efsa.2011.2033
6178:. London. Archived from
6042:
6016:"California Olive Ranch"
5119:"The World of Olive Oil"
3461:Potential health effects
2665:High-oleic safflower oil
1681:refined olive pomace oil
1204:for human products, and
968:Ranieri Filo della Torre
950:
10652:Salt and pepper shakers
5893:"Certification Process"
5478:"The Olive Oil Scandal"
5270:"Olive Oil Consumption"
5183:www.discovertuscany.com
4961:; Serri, Yaron (2004).
4825:Oxford University Press
4714:Oxford University Press
4409:ChurchofJesusChrist.org
4104:10.1111/1468-0092.00149
3943:Journal of Biogeography
3699:Davidson, Alan (1999).
3375:US recommendations
2121:, along with traces of
1791:free fatty acid content
1518:labels for olive oils.
738:
727:List of olive cultivars
697:Symbolism and mythology
572:Archaeological evidence
263:10 (refined and pomace)
11073:Bosnia and Herzegovina
10350:Mayfair salad dressing
10335:Green goddess dressing
9118:Extra virgin olive oil
7068:"Smoke points of oils"
6408:. Summary of CBS video
5954:Women's Health Advisor
5737:"Olive Oil Production"
5713:. 2018. Archived from
4377:America's Test Kitchen
4011:10.1006/jasc.1997.0193
3498:
3470:
3379:the National Academies
3040:(about 0.5%), such as
2934:partially hydrogenated
2098:
1821:U.S. refined olive oil
1807:
1716:Extra virgin olive oil
1696:
1676:Crude olive pomace oil
1666:extra virgin olive oil
1539:
1475:, in cities including
1444:, particularly within
1149:
1062:generally as follows:
1058:
1050:
809:because of the higher
767:
756:
693:
687:The Manufacture of Oil
651:
568:
478:
457:to prevent pregnancy.
272:This article contains
215:1.4680–1.4707 (pomace)
11755:Mediterranean cuisine
10699:Mediterranean cuisine
10621:Philippine condiments
10591:Indonesian condiments
10566:Brand name condiments
9967:Beurre Maître d'Hôtel
7464:10.3390/ijms150916270
7344:"Smoke Point of Oils"
6421:. February 16, 2017.
6314:. February 14, 2012.
5929:. December 16, 2019.
5867:www.aboutoliveoil.org
5423:. February 28, 2006.
4451:Eisenberg, Ronald L.
3493:
3468:
3262:Vitamins and minerals
3090:10-hydroxyligstroside
2088:
1797:U.S. virgin olive oil
1694:
1578:quantitative analysis
1537:
1056:
1045:
841:anointing of the sick
776:Mediterranean cuisine
762:
751:
685:
645:
566:
468:
385:Mediterranean cuisine
343:Mediterranean cuisine
10616:Pakistani condiments
10320:Blue cheese dressing
10181:Worcestershire sauce
9904:Chicago-style relish
8868:Nocellara del Belice
8391:Vegetable shortening
8130:Edible fats and oils
8008:La Sicilia dell'olio
7252:. FoodData Central.
6208:on November 17, 2015
6022:on November 17, 2015
5743:on November 19, 2011
5522:IEEE Sensors Journal
5494:on December 27, 2010
5362:. October 25, 2010.
5121:. January 13, 2022.
4480:on November 20, 2013
3082:10-hydroxyoleuropein
3032:Phenolic composition
2031:. On 3 January 2016
1590:hydrolytic rancidity
1116:, salt and a little
1091:unfiltered olive oil
1008:improve this article
980:Olive oil extraction
816:common misconception
559:Trade and production
399:, were collected by
245:Saponification value
10596:Japanese condiments
10513:Apple cider vinegar
10463:Spicy brown mustard
9842:Green mango chutney
9362:List of common dips
9294:T. Marzetti Company
8676:Watermelon seed oil
6844:The Washington Post
6699:on January 16, 2020
6453:. January 3, 2016.
6394:. January 3, 2016.
6176:The Daily Telegraph
6117:"Slippery Business"
6093:on November 6, 2013
5992:. Olive Oil Times.
5717:on February 9, 2018
5534:2014ISenJ..14.2947G
5457:on February 6, 2009
5393:on January 16, 2009
5336:on October 21, 2013
5013:and to flavor meat.
4500:"The olive essence"
4003:1997JArSc..24.1141G
3970:on February 7, 2018
3826:2008RESBT...7....1K
3735:on October 26, 2018
3680:on October 31, 2014
3500:In a review by the
3443:polyunsaturated fat
3435:monounsaturated fat
3426:(57% DV) (table).
3124:
2249:
1650:Lampante virgin oil
1230:
1133:ὀμφάκιον, ὀμφάχινον
938:menorah at Hanukkah
934:Temple in Jerusalem
622:Minoan civilization
312:Mediterranean Basin
239:0.8% (extra virgin)
30:
10535:Kaong palm vinegar
10485:Tewkesbury mustard
10214:Crushed red pepper
10197:Spices and powders
9940:Spreads and pastes
9587:Monkey gland sauce
9357:List of condiments
7581:Clinical Chemistry
7457:(9): 16270–16283.
7348:Baseline of Health
7312:"FoodData Central"
7230:. RITO Partnership
7204:10.1002/047167849X
6992:10.4137/NMI.S32910
6284:. March 29, 2011.
5049:10.3390/su10010237
4405:"Healing the Sick"
4273:Refined olive oils
4038:on August 10, 2014
3475:Mediterranean diet
3471:
3403:or water (table).
3387:Olive oil is 100%
3340:Other constituents
3122:
3099:of elenolic acid.
2099:
2093:). R, R and R are
1922:First cold pressed
1697:
1540:
1491:Global consumption
1228:
1059:
1051:
945:holy anointing oil
837:oil of catechumens
768:
757:
694:
652:
650:in Pompeii (79 AD)
637:Hellenistic period
569:
485:and spread to the
479:
438:History of Animals
274:special characters
28:
11727:
11726:
11592:
11591:
11555:
11554:
10920:
10919:
10665:
10664:
10586:Indian condiments
10545:Nipa palm vinegar
10239:Popcorn seasoning
10229:Nutritional yeast
9789:Sweet chili sauce
9312:
9311:
9048:
9047:
8718:
8717:
8688:
8687:
8684:
8683:
8399:
8398:
8331:Other animal fats
8078:Rosenblum, Mort.
8073:978-0-12-374420-3
8042:, Aubanel, 1975.
8033:978-1-84887-004-8
8016:978-88-7751-281-9
7977:(17): 2772–2795.
7662:978-0-309-48834-1
7551:(10): 1235–1247.
7510:10.1159/000079555
7380:10.1079/NRR200495
7213:978-0-471-38552-3
6578:10.1021/jf049894n
6572:(11): 3434–3440.
6540:978-1-893997-88-2
6156:on March 9, 2008.
6068:Drummond, Linda.
5977:. pp. 11–14.
5330:"Olive Oil Times"
5001:Babylonian Talmud
4434:Babylonian Talmud
4212:on August 8, 2014
4138:978-0-415-36336-5
3997:(12): 1141–1150.
3858:, 39(2), 389-398.
3385:
3384:
3330:
3329:
3029:
3028:
2235:
2234:
2222:Polyunsaturated (
2173:Polyunsaturated (
2125:(up to 0.7%) and
2053:Piromalli 'ndrina
1747:Refined olive oil
1661:Refined olive oil
1530:Commercial grades
1423:
1422:
1040:
1039:
1032:
520:date to 3500 BC (
461:Early cultivation
449:, or ointment of
280:rendering support
267:
266:
81:Total unsaturated
11767:
11340:Pasta alla Norma
10929:
10928:
10717:
10716:
10710:
10709:
10692:
10685:
10678:
10669:
10668:
10518:Balsamic vinegar
10420:Mushroom ketchup
10360:Russian dressing
10340:Italian dressing
10102:Oils and liquids
9921:Taba ng talangka
9889:Pickled cucumber
9699:
9577:Mignonette sauce
9550:Marie Rose sauce
9339:
9332:
9325:
9316:
9315:
9165:
9133:Pumpkin seed oil
9097:Balsamic vinegar
9075:
9068:
9061:
9052:
9051:
9038:
9037:
9028:
9027:
8981:Olive pomace oil
8745:
8738:
8731:
8722:
8721:
8656:Pumpkin seed oil
8556:Mongongo nut oil
8448:
8447:
8410:
8409:
8276:Clarified butter
8143:
8142:
8123:
8116:
8109:
8100:
8099:
7995:
7994:
7968:
7958:
7952:
7951:
7941:
7931:
7907:
7901:
7900:
7898:
7888:
7864:
7858:
7857:
7855:
7853:
7834:
7828:
7827:
7825:
7801:
7795:
7794:
7792:
7768:
7762:
7761:
7759:
7757:
7741:
7735:
7734:
7732:
7730:
7715:
7709:
7708:
7706:
7704:
7693:
7687:
7686:
7684:
7682:
7645:
7639:
7638:
7636:
7634:
7611:
7605:
7604:
7575:
7569:
7568:
7540:
7534:
7533:
7493:
7487:
7486:
7476:
7466:
7442:
7436:
7435:
7407:
7401:
7400:
7382:
7358:
7352:
7351:
7350:. Jonbarron.org.
7340:
7334:
7333:
7326:
7320:
7319:
7316:fdc.nal.usda.gov
7308:
7302:
7301:
7299:
7297:
7286:
7280:
7279:
7277:
7275:
7264:
7258:
7257:
7256:. April 1, 2019.
7254:fdc.nal.usda.gov
7246:
7240:
7239:
7237:
7235:
7224:
7218:
7217:
7191:
7185:
7184:
7181:FoodData Central
7173:
7167:
7166:
7164:
7162:
7151:
7145:
7144:
7142:
7140:
7129:
7123:
7122:
7120:
7118:
7107:
7101:
7100:
7098:
7096:
7085:
7079:
7078:
7072:
7063:
7057:
7056:
7020:
7014:
7013:
7003:
6971:
6965:
6964:
6962:
6960:
6949:
6943:
6942:
6940:
6938:
6927:
6921:
6920:
6918:
6916:
6905:
6899:
6898:
6896:
6894:
6883:
6877:
6876:
6874:
6872:
6861:
6855:
6854:
6852:
6850:
6835:
6818:
6817:
6815:
6813:
6802:
6796:
6795:
6771:
6758:
6757:
6755:
6753:
6742:
6736:
6735:
6733:
6731:
6715:
6709:
6708:
6706:
6704:
6698:
6687:
6678:
6672:
6671:
6669:
6667:
6656:
6650:
6649:
6647:
6639:
6633:
6631:
6629:
6627:
6616:
6610:
6608:
6601:
6590:
6589:
6561:
6552:
6551:
6549:
6547:
6516:
6499:
6498:
6496:
6494:
6473:
6467:
6466:
6464:
6462:
6441:
6435:
6434:
6432:
6430:
6415:
6409:
6407:
6405:
6403:
6384:
6378:
6377:
6365:
6359:
6358:
6356:
6354:
6334:
6328:
6327:
6325:
6323:
6304:
6298:
6297:
6295:
6293:
6274:
6268:
6267:
6265:
6263:
6243:
6237:
6236:
6224:
6218:
6217:
6215:
6213:
6198:
6192:
6191:
6189:
6187:
6167:
6158:
6157:
6152:. Archived from
6150:"EUbusiness.com"
6146:
6137:
6136:
6134:
6132:
6112:
6103:
6102:
6100:
6098:
6089:. Archived from
6079:
6073:
6070:Sunday Telegraph
6066:
6060:
6059:
6057:
6055:
6050:on July 21, 2011
6038:
6032:
6031:
6029:
6027:
6018:. Archived from
6012:
6006:
6005:
6003:
6001:
5985:
5979:
5978:
5968:
5962:
5961:
5949:
5943:
5942:
5940:
5938:
5919:
5913:
5912:
5910:
5908:
5889:
5883:
5882:
5880:
5878:
5858:
5852:
5851:
5849:
5847:
5838:. May 18, 2021.
5828:
5822:
5821:
5819:
5817:
5811:
5800:
5792:
5783:
5782:
5780:
5778:
5759:
5753:
5752:
5750:
5748:
5733:
5727:
5726:
5724:
5722:
5703:
5697:
5696:
5694:
5692:
5677:
5671:
5670:
5668:
5666:
5651:
5636:
5635:
5625:
5615:
5613:10.3390/12081679
5606:(8): 1679–1719.
5591:
5580:
5579:
5561:
5552:
5546:
5545:
5528:(9): 2947–2954.
5519:
5510:
5504:
5503:
5501:
5499:
5493:
5487:. Archived from
5485:beyondhealth.com
5482:
5473:
5467:
5466:
5464:
5462:
5453:. Archived from
5446:
5437:
5436:
5434:
5432:
5409:
5403:
5402:
5400:
5398:
5389:. Archived from
5382:
5376:
5375:
5373:
5371:
5352:
5346:
5345:
5343:
5341:
5332:. Archived from
5326:
5320:
5319:
5317:
5315:
5296:
5290:
5289:
5287:
5285:
5266:
5255:
5254:
5252:
5250:
5231:
5225:
5224:
5222:
5220:
5205:
5199:
5198:
5196:
5194:
5175:
5169:
5168:
5166:
5164:
5144:
5135:
5134:
5132:
5130:
5115:
5106:
5105:
5104:. November 2023.
5103:
5095:
5089:
5088:
5087:. November 2023.
5086:
5078:
5072:
5071:
5061:
5051:
5027:
5014:
4998:
4992:
4984:
4955:
4949:
4948:
4925:
4919:
4918:
4900:
4891:
4878:
4872:
4864:
4845:
4839:
4838:
4827:. 9:5 (p. 729).
4806:
4800:
4799:
4782:
4771:
4770:
4764:
4756:
4737:
4728:
4727:
4716:. 8:4 (p. 502).
4696:
4690:
4689:
4663:
4657:
4656:
4654:
4652:
4633:
4627:
4626:
4623:10.1039/B607022A
4606:
4600:
4599:
4597:
4595:
4580:
4574:
4573:
4571:
4569:
4563:
4556:
4548:
4542:
4541:
4539:
4537:
4522:
4516:
4515:
4513:
4511:
4496:
4490:
4489:
4487:
4485:
4476:. Archived from
4470:
4464:
4449:
4443:
4431:
4425:
4424:
4422:
4420:
4403:Oaks, Dallin H.
4400:
4394:
4393:
4391:
4389:
4367:
4361:
4360:
4358:
4356:
4334:
4328:
4327:
4301:
4295:
4294:
4292:
4290:
4285:on July 19, 2018
4281:. Archived from
4267:
4261:
4260:
4258:
4256:
4228:
4222:
4221:
4219:
4217:
4211:
4204:
4195:
4186:
4185:
4165:
4159:
4158:
4152:
4150:
4122:
4116:
4115:
4083:
4077:
4076:
4074:
4072:
4054:
4048:
4047:
4045:
4043:
4037:
4030:
4021:
4015:
4014:
3986:
3980:
3979:
3977:
3975:
3966:. Archived from
3955:
3949:
3920:
3914:
3913:
3881:
3875:
3874::1:63–75 (2002).
3865:
3859:
3852:
3846:
3845:
3809:
3786:
3785:
3777:
3771:
3764:
3758:
3751:
3745:
3744:
3742:
3740:
3731:. Archived from
3725:
3719:
3718:
3696:
3690:
3689:
3687:
3685:
3676:. Archived from
3670:
3664:
3663:
3661:
3659:
3635:
3629:
3628:
3608:
3583:List of cuisines
3567:
3562:
3561:
3536:concentrations.
3522:cause-and-effect
3449:), and 1.9 g of
3391:, containing no
3291:
3258:
3257:
3125:
3121:
2565:Flaxseed/linseed
2250:
2241:
2218:α-Linolenic acid
2136:
2135:
1971:(extracted from
1810:
1763:Olive pomace oil
1737:Virgin olive oil
1685:olive pomace oil
1670:virgin olive oil
1565:in the sense of
1563:chemical acidity
1467:and, above all,
1399:
1397:
1396:
1381:
1379:
1378:
1363:
1361:
1360:
1345:
1343:
1342:
1327:
1325:
1324:
1309:
1307:
1306:
1291:
1289:
1288:
1273:
1271:
1270:
1255:
1253:
1252:
1231:
1227:
1178:biodegradability
1152:
1142:
1134:
1095:cloudy olive oil
1035:
1028:
1024:
1021:
1015:
992:
984:
926:Tribes of Israel
629:Mycenaean Greece
504:sometime in the
367:(up to 21%) and
337:for traditional
306:, a traditional
251:182–193 (pomace)
209:Refractive index
184:Specific gravity
118:α-Linolenic acid
100:Palmitoleic acid
75:Unsaturated fats
38:
31:
27:
11775:
11774:
11770:
11769:
11768:
11766:
11765:
11764:
11730:
11729:
11728:
11723:
11710:
11697:Elizabeth David
11685:
11659:
11588:
11551:
11530:
11449:
11385:
11293:Mirto (liqueur)
11259:Pasta e fagioli
11254:Neapolitan ragù
11124:
11053:
11047:
10965:
10916:
10895:
10829:
10796:
10701:
10696:
10666:
10661:
10630:
10549:
10499:
10424:
10391:
10375:Thousand Island
10330:Ginger dressing
10325:French dressing
10306:
10258:
10244:Salt and pepper
10192:
10164:Sweet soy sauce
10097:
9935:
9859:Fruit preserves
9814:
9808:
9724:Chile con queso
9700:
9691:
9371:
9348:
9343:
9313:
9308:
9284:Naturally Fresh
9264:Bolthouse Farms
9252:
9243:Thousand Island
9166:
9157:
9085:
9079:
9049:
9044:
9016:
8990:
8917:
8754:
8749:
8719:
8714:
8680:
8596:Ambadi seed oil
8586:
8580:
8514:
8483:palm kernel oil
8439:
8431:
8427:Shark liver oil
8395:
8354:
8326:
8297:
8256:
8218:
8132:
8127:
8023:Extra Virginity
8003:
8001:Further reading
7998:
7966:
7959:
7955:
7908:
7904:
7865:
7861:
7851:
7849:
7836:
7835:
7831:
7802:
7798:
7769:
7765:
7755:
7753:
7742:
7738:
7728:
7726:
7717:
7716:
7712:
7702:
7700:
7695:
7694:
7690:
7680:
7678:
7663:
7646:
7642:
7632:
7630:
7612:
7608:
7576:
7572:
7541:
7537:
7494:
7490:
7443:
7439:
7408:
7404:
7359:
7355:
7342:
7341:
7337:
7328:
7327:
7323:
7310:
7309:
7305:
7295:
7293:
7288:
7287:
7283:
7273:
7271:
7266:
7265:
7261:
7248:
7247:
7243:
7233:
7231:
7228:"Rice bran oil"
7226:
7225:
7221:
7214:
7192:
7188:
7175:
7174:
7170:
7160:
7158:
7153:
7152:
7148:
7138:
7136:
7131:
7130:
7126:
7116:
7114:
7109:
7108:
7104:
7094:
7092:
7087:
7086:
7082:
7070:
7064:
7060:
7021:
7017:
6972:
6968:
6958:
6956:
6951:
6950:
6946:
6936:
6934:
6929:
6928:
6924:
6914:
6912:
6907:
6906:
6902:
6892:
6890:
6885:
6884:
6880:
6870:
6868:
6863:
6862:
6858:
6848:
6846:
6836:
6821:
6811:
6809:
6804:
6803:
6799:
6772:
6761:
6751:
6749:
6744:
6743:
6739:
6729:
6727:
6716:
6712:
6702:
6700:
6696:
6685:
6679:
6675:
6665:
6663:
6658:
6657:
6653:
6645:
6641:
6640:
6636:
6625:
6623:
6618:
6617:
6613:
6603:
6602:
6593:
6562:
6555:
6545:
6543:
6541:
6517:
6502:
6492:
6490:
6475:
6474:
6470:
6460:
6458:
6443:
6442:
6438:
6428:
6426:
6417:
6416:
6412:
6401:
6399:
6392:Olive Oil Times
6386:
6385:
6381:
6366:
6362:
6352:
6350:
6343:The Daily Beast
6335:
6331:
6321:
6319:
6312:Olive Oil Times
6306:
6305:
6301:
6291:
6289:
6282:Olive Oil Times
6276:
6275:
6271:
6261:
6259:
6244:
6240:
6225:
6221:
6211:
6209:
6200:
6199:
6195:
6185:
6183:
6168:
6161:
6148:
6147:
6140:
6130:
6128:
6113:
6106:
6096:
6094:
6081:
6080:
6076:
6067:
6063:
6053:
6051:
6044:
6040:
6039:
6035:
6025:
6023:
6014:
6013:
6009:
5999:
5997:
5986:
5982:
5969:
5965:
5951:
5950:
5946:
5936:
5934:
5921:
5920:
5916:
5906:
5904:
5891:
5890:
5886:
5876:
5874:
5859:
5855:
5845:
5843:
5830:
5829:
5825:
5815:
5813:
5809:
5798:
5794:
5793:
5786:
5776:
5774:
5761:
5760:
5756:
5746:
5744:
5735:
5734:
5730:
5720:
5718:
5711:Olive Oil Times
5705:
5704:
5700:
5690:
5688:
5679:
5678:
5674:
5664:
5662:
5653:
5652:
5639:
5592:
5583:
5559:
5553:
5549:
5517:
5511:
5507:
5497:
5495:
5491:
5480:
5474:
5470:
5460:
5458:
5449:McGee, Dennis.
5447:
5440:
5430:
5428:
5411:
5410:
5406:
5396:
5394:
5383:
5379:
5369:
5367:
5360:Olive Oil Times
5354:
5353:
5349:
5339:
5337:
5328:
5327:
5323:
5313:
5311:
5298:
5297:
5293:
5283:
5281:
5268:
5267:
5258:
5248:
5246:
5239:El Confidencial
5233:
5232:
5228:
5218:
5216:
5207:
5206:
5202:
5192:
5190:
5177:
5176:
5172:
5162:
5160:
5153:Olive Oil Times
5145:
5138:
5128:
5126:
5117:
5116:
5109:
5101:
5097:
5096:
5092:
5084:
5080:
5079:
5075:
5028:
5017:
4986:
4985:
4973:
4956:
4952:
4926:
4922:
4915:
4901:
4894:
4866:
4865:
4846:
4842:
4835:
4807:
4803:
4784:
4783:
4774:
4758:
4757:
4738:
4731:
4724:
4697:
4693:
4678:
4664:
4660:
4650:
4648:
4643:. May 4, 2021.
4635:
4634:
4630:
4607:
4603:
4593:
4591:
4582:
4581:
4577:
4567:
4565:
4561:
4554:
4550:
4549:
4545:
4535:
4533:
4524:
4523:
4519:
4509:
4507:
4498:
4497:
4493:
4483:
4481:
4472:
4471:
4467:
4463:, 2011, p. 299.
4450:
4446:
4432:
4428:
4418:
4416:
4401:
4397:
4387:
4385:
4368:
4364:
4354:
4352:
4335:
4331:
4316:
4302:
4298:
4288:
4286:
4279:www.accc.gov.au
4269:
4268:
4264:
4254:
4252:
4245:
4229:
4225:
4215:
4213:
4209:
4202:
4196:
4189:
4170:Greece and Rome
4166:
4162:
4148:
4146:
4139:
4123:
4119:
4084:
4080:
4070:
4068:
4055:
4051:
4041:
4039:
4035:
4028:
4022:
4018:
3987:
3983:
3973:
3971:
3956:
3952:
3921:
3917:
3882:
3878:
3866:
3862:
3853:
3849:
3810:
3789:
3778:
3774:
3765:
3761:
3752:
3748:
3738:
3736:
3727:
3726:
3722:
3715:
3697:
3693:
3683:
3681:
3672:
3671:
3667:
3657:
3655:
3636:
3632:
3609:
3600:
3596:
3563:
3556:
3553:
3545:malondialdehyde
3530:HDL-cholesterol
3528:, normal blood
3514:LDL-cholesterol
3477:
3469:Egyptian olives
3463:
3368:
3363:
3317:
3304:
3292:
3263:
3252:
3247:
3228:
3225:
3219:
3214:
3208:Polyunsaturated
3198:Monounsaturated
3182:
3177:
3158:
3153:
3120:
3034:
2345:
2324:
2318:
2316:
2309:
2307:
2297:
2295:
2278:
2276:Polyunsaturated
2271:
2269:Monounsaturated
2264:
2257:
2247:
2240:
2158:Monounsaturated
2083:
2038:organised crime
2028:Extra Virginity
1964:
1934:
1900:Cold Extraction
1895:Cold extraction
1856:
1776:
1722:without use of
1702:
1644:Lampante virgin
1640:ordinary virgin
1532:
1508:
1502:
1493:
1414:
1394:
1392:
1376:
1374:
1358:
1356:
1340:
1338:
1322:
1320:
1304:
1302:
1286:
1284:
1268:
1266:
1250:
1248:
1238:
1226:
1221:
1159:
1157:Pomace handling
1150:oleum omphacium
1106:In the ancient
1104:
1036:
1025:
1019:
1016:
1005:
993:
982:
976:
953:
920:service during
906:
833:
828:
746:
741:
733:olive cultivars
731:There are many
729:
723:
703:Greek mythology
699:
665:Pliny the Elder
561:
553:genetic studies
506:28th century BC
477:(modern Turkey)
463:
381:
327:pharmaceuticals
302:, the fruit of
289:
288:
287:
278:Without proper
262:
250:
238:
226:
214:
169:
167:
116:
108:Polyunsaturated
98:
90:Monounsaturated
65:
58:Total saturated
46:Fat composition
41:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
11773:
11763:
11762:
11760:Vegetable oils
11757:
11752:
11747:
11742:
11725:
11724:
11722:
11721:
11715:
11712:
11711:
11709:
11708:
11707:
11706:
11693:
11691:
11687:
11686:
11684:
11683:
11678:
11673:
11667:
11665:
11661:
11660:
11658:
11657:
11656:
11655:
11645:
11644:
11643:
11633:
11632:
11631:
11626:
11621:
11616:
11611:
11600:
11598:
11594:
11593:
11590:
11589:
11587:
11586:
11581:
11580:
11579:
11574:
11563:
11561:
11557:
11556:
11553:
11552:
11550:
11549:
11544:
11538:
11536:
11532:
11531:
11529:
11528:
11527:
11526:
11516:
11515:
11514:
11509:
11504:
11494:
11493:
11492:
11487:
11477:
11476:
11475:
11470:
11459:
11457:
11451:
11450:
11448:
11447:
11446:
11445:
11443:Salade niçoise
11440:
11435:
11425:
11424:
11423:
11418:
11408:
11407:
11406:
11395:
11393:
11387:
11386:
11384:
11383:
11382:
11381:
11376:
11371:
11361:
11360:
11359:
11349:
11348:
11347:
11342:
11337:
11332:
11322:
11321:
11320:
11315:
11310:
11305:
11303:Pecorino sardo
11300:
11295:
11290:
11285:
11275:
11274:
11273:
11263:
11262:
11261:
11256:
11246:
11241:
11240:
11239:
11229:
11228:
11227:
11222:
11217:
11212:
11202:
11197:
11192:
11191:
11190:
11185:
11180:
11175:
11170:
11165:
11160:
11150:
11149:
11148:
11143:
11134:
11132:
11126:
11125:
11123:
11122:
11121:
11120:
11115:
11110:
11105:
11100:
11091:
11090:
11085:
11080:
11075:
11070:
11065:
11059:
11057:
11049:
11048:
11046:
11045:
11044:
11043:
11038:
11028:
11027:
11026:
11021:
11014:Ionian Islands
11011:
11006:
11001:
10996:
10991:
10986:
10981:
10975:
10973:
10967:
10966:
10964:
10963:
10958:
10953:
10948:
10943:
10937:
10935:
10926:
10922:
10921:
10918:
10917:
10915:
10914:
10909:
10903:
10901:
10897:
10896:
10894:
10893:
10888:
10887:
10886:
10876:
10875:
10874:
10864:
10863:
10862:
10852:
10851:
10850:
10839:
10837:
10831:
10830:
10828:
10827:
10822:
10817:
10812:
10806:
10804:
10798:
10797:
10795:
10794:
10793:
10792:
10784:
10783:
10782:
10772:
10771:
10770:
10765:
10755:
10754:
10753:
10743:
10738:
10737:
10736:
10725:
10723:
10714:
10707:
10703:
10702:
10695:
10694:
10687:
10680:
10672:
10663:
10662:
10660:
10659:
10657:Squeeze bottle
10654:
10649:
10644:
10638:
10636:
10632:
10631:
10629:
10628:
10623:
10618:
10613:
10608:
10606:Mustard brands
10603:
10598:
10593:
10588:
10583:
10578:
10573:
10568:
10563:
10557:
10555:
10551:
10550:
10548:
10547:
10542:
10537:
10532:
10527:
10526:
10525:
10515:
10509:
10507:
10501:
10500:
10498:
10497:
10495:Yellow mustard
10492:
10487:
10482:
10480:Tecuci mustard
10477:
10472:
10471:
10470:
10468:Creole mustard
10460:
10455:
10450:
10445:
10440:
10434:
10432:
10426:
10425:
10423:
10422:
10417:
10412:
10407:
10405:Banana ketchup
10401:
10399:
10393:
10392:
10390:
10389:
10388:
10387:
10377:
10372:
10367:
10362:
10357:
10355:Ranch dressing
10352:
10347:
10345:Louis dressing
10342:
10337:
10332:
10327:
10322:
10316:
10314:
10308:
10307:
10305:
10304:
10303:
10302:
10297:
10287:
10282:
10277:
10272:
10270:Carolina style
10266:
10264:
10260:
10259:
10257:
10256:
10251:
10246:
10241:
10236:
10231:
10226:
10221:
10216:
10211:
10206:
10200:
10198:
10194:
10193:
10191:
10190:
10189:
10188:
10186:Tonkatsu sauce
10178:
10173:
10172:
10171:
10166:
10161:
10159:Soup soy sauce
10151:
10146:
10141:
10136:
10131:
10126:
10121:
10116:
10111:
10105:
10103:
10099:
10098:
10096:
10095:
10090:
10089:
10088:
10083:
10073:
10068:
10063:
10062:
10061:
10051:
10046:
10041:
10036:
10031:
10030:
10029:
10019:
10014:
10009:
10004:
9999:
9994:
9989:
9984:
9979:
9974:
9969:
9964:
9959:
9954:
9949:
9943:
9941:
9937:
9936:
9934:
9933:
9928:
9923:
9918:
9913:
9908:
9907:
9906:
9896:
9891:
9886:
9881:
9876:
9871:
9866:
9861:
9856:
9851:
9846:
9845:
9844:
9834:
9829:
9824:
9818:
9816:
9810:
9809:
9807:
9806:
9801:
9796:
9791:
9786:
9781:
9776:
9771:
9766:
9761:
9756:
9751:
9746:
9741:
9736:
9731:
9726:
9721:
9716:
9710:
9708:
9702:
9701:
9694:
9692:
9690:
9689:
9684:
9679:
9674:
9669:
9664:
9659:
9657:Teriyaki sauce
9654:
9649:
9644:
9639:
9634:
9629:
9624:
9619:
9614:
9609:
9604:
9599:
9594:
9589:
9584:
9579:
9574:
9573:
9572:
9567:
9562:
9552:
9547:
9542:
9537:
9532:
9527:
9522:
9517:
9512:
9507:
9502:
9497:
9492:
9487:
9482:
9477:
9472:
9470:Cocktail sauce
9467:
9462:
9457:
9456:
9455:
9450:
9445:
9440:
9435:
9430:
9425:
9415:
9410:
9405:
9403:Bigarade sauce
9400:
9398:Barbecue sauce
9395:
9390:
9385:
9379:
9377:
9373:
9372:
9370:
9369:
9367:List of syrups
9364:
9359:
9353:
9350:
9349:
9342:
9341:
9334:
9327:
9319:
9310:
9309:
9307:
9306:
9301:
9296:
9291:
9286:
9281:
9276:
9271:
9266:
9260:
9258:
9254:
9253:
9251:
9250:
9245:
9240:
9235:
9230:
9225:
9220:
9215:
9210:
9205:
9200:
9195:
9190:
9185:
9180:
9174:
9172:
9168:
9167:
9160:
9158:
9156:
9155:
9150:
9145:
9140:
9135:
9130:
9125:
9120:
9115:
9110:
9105:
9099:
9093:
9091:
9087:
9086:
9078:
9077:
9070:
9063:
9055:
9046:
9045:
9043:
9042:
9032:
9021:
9018:
9017:
9015:
9014:
9009:
9004:
8998:
8996:
8992:
8991:
8989:
8988:
8983:
8978:
8977:
8976:
8971:
8966:
8956:
8951:
8946:
8941:
8936:
8931:
8925:
8923:
8919:
8918:
8916:
8915:
8910:
8905:
8900:
8895:
8890:
8885:
8880:
8875:
8870:
8865:
8860:
8855:
8850:
8845:
8840:
8835:
8830:
8825:
8820:
8818:Gemlik-Tirilye
8815:
8810:
8805:
8800:
8795:
8790:
8785:
8780:
8775:
8770:
8764:
8762:
8756:
8755:
8748:
8747:
8740:
8733:
8725:
8716:
8715:
8713:
8712:
8707:
8702:
8697:
8693:
8690:
8689:
8686:
8685:
8682:
8681:
8679:
8678:
8673:
8668:
8663:
8658:
8653:
8648:
8643:
8638:
8633:
8628:
8623:
8618:
8616:Grape seed oil
8613:
8608:
8603:
8601:Apple seed oil
8598:
8592:
8590:
8582:
8581:
8579:
8578:
8573:
8568:
8563:
8558:
8553:
8548:
8543:
8538:
8533:
8528:
8522:
8520:
8516:
8515:
8513:
8512:
8507:
8502:
8497:
8492:
8487:
8486:
8485:
8475:
8470:
8468:Cottonseed oil
8465:
8460:
8454:
8452:
8445:
8433:
8432:
8430:
8429:
8424:
8418:
8416:
8407:
8401:
8400:
8397:
8396:
8394:
8393:
8388:
8383:
8378:
8373:
8368:
8362:
8360:
8359:Vegetable fats
8356:
8355:
8353:
8352:
8351:
8350:
8345:
8334:
8332:
8328:
8327:
8325:
8324:
8319:
8314:
8308:
8306:
8299:
8298:
8296:
8295:
8294:
8293:
8288:
8283:
8273:
8267:
8265:
8258:
8257:
8255:
8254:
8249:
8244:
8239:
8233:
8231:
8220:
8219:
8217:
8216:
8211:
8210:
8209:
8204:
8199:
8194:
8184:
8179:
8174:
8173:
8172:
8167:
8162:
8151:
8149:
8140:
8134:
8133:
8126:
8125:
8118:
8111:
8103:
8097:
8096:
8091:
8076:
8061:
8051:
8038:Pagnol, Jean.
8036:
8020:Mueller, Tom.
8018:
8002:
7999:
7997:
7996:
7953:
7902:
7859:
7829:
7796:
7763:
7736:
7710:
7688:
7661:
7640:
7606:
7587:(7): 976–988.
7570:
7535:
7488:
7437:
7412:Food Chemistry
7402:
7353:
7335:
7321:
7303:
7281:
7259:
7241:
7219:
7212:
7186:
7168:
7146:
7124:
7102:
7080:
7058:
7015:
6966:
6944:
6922:
6900:
6878:
6856:
6819:
6797:
6780:Food Chemistry
6759:
6737:
6710:
6690:Food Chemistry
6673:
6651:
6634:
6611:
6591:
6553:
6539:
6525:. p. 42.
6500:
6468:
6436:
6410:
6379:
6360:
6329:
6299:
6269:
6238:
6219:
6193:
6182:on May 9, 2007
6159:
6138:
6121:The New Yorker
6104:
6074:
6061:
6033:
6007:
5980:
5974:The Advertiser
5963:
5944:
5914:
5884:
5853:
5823:
5784:
5754:
5728:
5698:
5672:
5637:
5581:
5547:
5505:
5468:
5438:
5404:
5377:
5347:
5321:
5291:
5256:
5241:(in Spanish).
5226:
5200:
5170:
5136:
5107:
5090:
5073:
5036:Sustainability
5015:
4971:
4950:
4920:
4913:
4892:
4840:
4833:
4813:, ed. (1933).
4801:
4772:
4729:
4722:
4702:, ed. (1933).
4691:
4676:
4658:
4628:
4601:
4575:
4543:
4517:
4491:
4465:
4444:
4426:
4395:
4362:
4329:
4314:
4296:
4262:
4244:978-2724612486
4243:
4223:
4187:
4176:(2): 173–188.
4160:
4137:
4128:The Mycenaeans
4117:
4078:
4049:
4016:
3981:
3950:
3915:
3876:
3860:
3847:
3787:
3772:
3759:
3746:
3720:
3713:
3691:
3665:
3630:
3597:
3595:
3592:
3591:
3590:
3585:
3580:
3575:
3569:
3568:
3552:
3549:
3489:product labels
3462:
3459:
3383:
3382:
3370:
3369:
3364:
3360:
3359:
3356:
3355:
3352:
3348:
3347:
3342:
3336:
3335:
3332:
3331:
3328:
3327:
3324:
3323:
3320:
3319:
3315:
3313:
3307:
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3302:
3300:
3294:
3293:
3286:
3281:
3273:
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3269:
3268:
3265:
3264:
3261:
3254:
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3250:
3248:
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3234:
3233:
3230:
3229:
3226:
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3220:
3215:
3210:
3204:
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3200:
3194:
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3184:
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3180:
3178:
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3168:
3167:
3164:
3163:
3160:
3159:
3156:
3154:
3147:
3144:
3143:
3140:
3139:
3136:
3130:
3129:
3119:
3116:
3050:hydroxytyrosol
3033:
3030:
3027:
3026:
3023:
3020:
3017:
3014:
3011:
3008:
3005:
3002:
2999:
2993:
2992:
2989:
2986:
2983:
2980:
2977:
2974:
2971:
2968:
2966:
2960:
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2936:
2931:
2925:
2924:
2921:
2918:
2915:
2912:
2909:
2906:
2903:
2900:
2898:
2892:
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2886:
2883:
2880:
2877:
2874:
2871:
2868:
2866:
2860:
2859:
2856:
2853:
2850:
2847:
2842:
2839:
2834:
2831:
2829:
2823:
2822:
2819:
2816:
2813:
2810:
2807:
2804:
2801:
2798:
2796:
2790:
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2787:
2785:
2783:
2781:
2778:
2776:
2773:
2770:
2767:
2761:
2760:
2757:
2754:
2751:
2748:
2745:
2742:
2739:
2736:
2734:
2728:
2727:
2724:
2721:
2718:
2715:
2712:
2709:
2706:
2703:
2701:
2700:(extra virgin)
2694:
2693:
2690:
2687:
2684:
2681:
2678:
2675:
2672:
2669:
2667:
2661:
2660:
2657:
2654:
2651:
2648:
2645:
2642:
2639:
2636:
2634:
2628:
2627:
2624:
2621:
2618:
2615:
2612:
2609:
2606:
2603:
2600:
2594:
2593:
2590:
2587:
2584:
2581:
2578:
2575:
2572:
2569:
2567:
2561:
2560:
2558:
2555:
2552:
2549:
2546:
2544:
2541:
2538:
2533:
2527:
2526:
2523:
2520:
2517:
2514:
2511:
2508:
2505:
2502:
2500:
2494:
2493:
2490:
2487:
2484:
2481:
2478:
2475:
2472:
2469:
2467:
2461:
2460:
2457:
2454:
2451:
2448:
2445:
2442:
2439:
2436:
2434:
2428:
2427:
2424:
2421:
2418:
2415:
2412:
2409:
2406:
2403:
2401:
2395:
2394:
2391:
2388:
2385:
2382:
2379:
2376:
2373:
2370:
2368:
2362:
2361:
2358:
2355:
2352:
2349:
2346:
2342:
2339:
2336:
2334:
2328:
2327:
2320:
2311:
2302:
2299:
2290:
2286:
2285:
2280:
2273:
2266:
2259:
2254:
2245:vegetable oils
2243:Properties of
2239:
2236:
2233:
2232:
2230:
2227:
2220:
2214:
2213:
2211:
2208:
2205:
2199:
2198:
2196:
2193:
2190:
2184:
2183:
2181:
2178:
2171:
2165:
2164:
2162:
2159:
2156:
2150:
2149:
2146:
2143:
2140:
2082:
2079:
1988:
1987:
1984:
1963:
1960:
1959:
1958:
1954:
1950:
1936:
1919:
1908:Cold Extracted
1888:
1865:
1855:
1852:
1825:
1824:
1818:
1815:U.S. olive oil
1812:
1800:
1794:
1775:
1772:
1752:pure olive oil
1701:
1698:
1689:
1688:
1673:
1658:
1647:
1610:Phenolic acids
1594:peroxide value
1576:. Measured by
1548:centrifugation
1531:
1528:
1504:Main article:
1501:
1498:
1492:
1489:
1421:
1420:
1415:
1410:
1407:
1406:
1403:
1389:
1388:
1385:
1371:
1370:
1367:
1353:
1352:
1349:
1335:
1334:
1331:
1317:
1316:
1313:
1299:
1298:
1295:
1281:
1280:
1277:
1263:
1262:
1259:
1245:
1244:
1235:
1225:
1222:
1220:
1217:
1202:food additives
1174:European Union
1158:
1155:
1103:
1102:Ancient Levant
1100:
1099:
1098:
1083:
1071:
1067:
1057:Olive oil mill
1038:
1037:
996:
994:
987:
978:Main article:
975:
972:
952:
949:
905:
902:
832:
829:
827:
824:
820:vegetable oils
795:salad dressing
745:
742:
740:
737:
725:Main article:
722:
719:
698:
695:
657:Roman Republic
646:Olive crusher
560:
557:
462:
459:
445:, ointment of
380:
377:
319:salad dressing
282:, you may see
270:
269:
268:
265:
264:
259:
257:Peroxide value
253:
252:
247:
241:
240:
235:
229:
228:
227:75–92 (pomace)
223:
217:
216:
211:
205:
204:
198:
191:
190:
187:
180:
179:
176:
172:
171:
164:
158:
157:
154:
148:
147:
144:
138:
137:
134:
127:
126:
122:
121:
110:
104:
103:
92:
86:
85:
82:
78:
77:
71:
70:
59:
55:
54:
52:Saturated fats
48:
47:
43:
42:
39:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
11772:
11761:
11758:
11756:
11753:
11751:
11748:
11746:
11743:
11741:
11738:
11737:
11735:
11720:
11717:
11716:
11713:
11705:
11704:
11700:
11699:
11698:
11695:
11694:
11692:
11688:
11682:
11679:
11677:
11674:
11672:
11671:Anise spirits
11669:
11668:
11666:
11662:
11654:
11651:
11650:
11649:
11646:
11642:
11639:
11638:
11637:
11634:
11630:
11627:
11625:
11622:
11620:
11617:
11615:
11612:
11610:
11607:
11606:
11605:
11602:
11601:
11599:
11595:
11585:
11582:
11578:
11575:
11573:
11570:
11569:
11568:
11565:
11564:
11562:
11558:
11548:
11545:
11543:
11540:
11539:
11537:
11533:
11525:
11522:
11521:
11520:
11517:
11513:
11510:
11508:
11505:
11503:
11500:
11499:
11498:
11495:
11491:
11488:
11486:
11483:
11482:
11481:
11478:
11474:
11471:
11469:
11466:
11465:
11464:
11461:
11460:
11458:
11456:
11452:
11444:
11441:
11439:
11436:
11434:
11433:Bouillabaisse
11431:
11430:
11429:
11426:
11422:
11419:
11417:
11414:
11413:
11412:
11409:
11405:
11402:
11401:
11400:
11397:
11396:
11394:
11392:
11388:
11380:
11377:
11375:
11372:
11370:
11367:
11366:
11365:
11362:
11358:
11355:
11354:
11353:
11350:
11346:
11343:
11341:
11338:
11336:
11333:
11331:
11328:
11327:
11326:
11323:
11319:
11316:
11314:
11311:
11309:
11306:
11304:
11301:
11299:
11296:
11294:
11291:
11289:
11286:
11284:
11281:
11280:
11279:
11276:
11272:
11269:
11268:
11267:
11264:
11260:
11257:
11255:
11252:
11251:
11250:
11247:
11245:
11242:
11238:
11235:
11234:
11233:
11230:
11226:
11223:
11221:
11218:
11216:
11213:
11211:
11208:
11207:
11206:
11203:
11201:
11198:
11196:
11193:
11189:
11186:
11184:
11181:
11179:
11176:
11174:
11171:
11169:
11166:
11164:
11161:
11159:
11156:
11155:
11154:
11151:
11147:
11144:
11142:
11139:
11138:
11136:
11135:
11133:
11131:
11127:
11119:
11116:
11114:
11111:
11109:
11106:
11104:
11101:
11099:
11096:
11095:
11093:
11092:
11089:
11086:
11084:
11081:
11079:
11076:
11074:
11071:
11069:
11066:
11064:
11061:
11060:
11058:
11056:
11050:
11042:
11039:
11037:
11034:
11033:
11032:
11029:
11025:
11022:
11020:
11017:
11016:
11015:
11012:
11010:
11007:
11005:
11002:
11000:
10997:
10995:
10992:
10990:
10987:
10985:
10982:
10980:
10977:
10976:
10974:
10972:
10968:
10962:
10959:
10957:
10954:
10952:
10949:
10947:
10944:
10942:
10939:
10938:
10936:
10934:
10930:
10927:
10923:
10913:
10910:
10908:
10907:Baba ghanoush
10905:
10904:
10902:
10898:
10892:
10889:
10885:
10882:
10881:
10880:
10877:
10873:
10870:
10869:
10868:
10865:
10861:
10858:
10857:
10856:
10853:
10849:
10846:
10845:
10844:
10841:
10840:
10838:
10836:
10832:
10826:
10823:
10821:
10818:
10816:
10813:
10811:
10808:
10807:
10805:
10803:
10799:
10791:
10788:
10787:
10785:
10781:
10778:
10777:
10776:
10773:
10769:
10766:
10764:
10761:
10760:
10759:
10756:
10752:
10749:
10748:
10747:
10744:
10742:
10739:
10735:
10732:
10731:
10730:
10727:
10726:
10724:
10722:
10718:
10715:
10711:
10708:
10704:
10700:
10693:
10688:
10686:
10681:
10679:
10674:
10673:
10670:
10658:
10655:
10653:
10650:
10648:
10645:
10643:
10640:
10639:
10637:
10635:Accoutrements
10633:
10627:
10626:Pickled foods
10624:
10622:
10619:
10617:
10614:
10612:
10609:
10607:
10604:
10602:
10599:
10597:
10594:
10592:
10589:
10587:
10584:
10582:
10579:
10577:
10574:
10572:
10569:
10567:
10564:
10562:
10559:
10558:
10556:
10554:List articles
10552:
10546:
10543:
10541:
10538:
10536:
10533:
10531:
10530:Black vinegar
10528:
10524:
10521:
10520:
10519:
10516:
10514:
10511:
10510:
10508:
10506:
10502:
10496:
10493:
10491:
10490:Turun sinappi
10488:
10486:
10483:
10481:
10478:
10476:
10475:Sweet mustard
10473:
10469:
10466:
10465:
10464:
10461:
10459:
10456:
10454:
10451:
10449:
10446:
10444:
10443:Honey mustard
10441:
10439:
10438:Dijon mustard
10436:
10435:
10433:
10431:
10427:
10421:
10418:
10416:
10415:Fruit ketchup
10413:
10411:
10410:Curry ketchup
10408:
10406:
10403:
10402:
10400:
10398:
10394:
10386:
10385:Wafu dressing
10383:
10382:
10381:
10378:
10376:
10373:
10371:
10368:
10366:
10363:
10361:
10358:
10356:
10353:
10351:
10348:
10346:
10343:
10341:
10338:
10336:
10333:
10331:
10328:
10326:
10323:
10321:
10318:
10317:
10315:
10313:
10309:
10301:
10300:Salsa criolla
10298:
10296:
10295:Pico de gallo
10293:
10292:
10291:
10288:
10286:
10283:
10281:
10278:
10276:
10273:
10271:
10268:
10267:
10265:
10261:
10255:
10252:
10250:
10247:
10245:
10242:
10240:
10237:
10235:
10232:
10230:
10227:
10225:
10222:
10220:
10217:
10215:
10212:
10210:
10207:
10205:
10202:
10201:
10199:
10195:
10187:
10184:
10183:
10182:
10179:
10177:
10174:
10170:
10167:
10165:
10162:
10160:
10157:
10156:
10155:
10152:
10150:
10147:
10145:
10142:
10140:
10137:
10135:
10132:
10130:
10127:
10125:
10122:
10120:
10117:
10115:
10112:
10110:
10107:
10106:
10104:
10100:
10094:
10091:
10087:
10084:
10082:
10079:
10078:
10077:
10076:Yeast extract
10074:
10072:
10069:
10067:
10064:
10060:
10057:
10056:
10055:
10052:
10050:
10047:
10045:
10042:
10040:
10037:
10035:
10032:
10028:
10025:
10024:
10023:
10020:
10018:
10015:
10013:
10010:
10008:
10005:
10003:
10000:
9998:
9995:
9993:
9990:
9988:
9985:
9983:
9980:
9978:
9975:
9973:
9970:
9968:
9965:
9963:
9962:Biber salçası
9960:
9958:
9955:
9953:
9952:Anchovy paste
9950:
9948:
9945:
9944:
9942:
9938:
9932:
9929:
9927:
9924:
9922:
9919:
9917:
9914:
9912:
9909:
9905:
9902:
9901:
9900:
9897:
9895:
9894:Pickled fruit
9892:
9890:
9887:
9885:
9882:
9880:
9877:
9875:
9872:
9870:
9867:
9865:
9862:
9860:
9857:
9855:
9852:
9850:
9847:
9843:
9840:
9839:
9838:
9835:
9833:
9830:
9828:
9825:
9823:
9820:
9819:
9817:
9811:
9805:
9802:
9800:
9797:
9795:
9792:
9790:
9787:
9785:
9782:
9780:
9777:
9775:
9772:
9770:
9767:
9765:
9762:
9760:
9757:
9755:
9752:
9750:
9747:
9745:
9742:
9740:
9737:
9735:
9732:
9730:
9727:
9725:
9722:
9720:
9719:Baba ghanoush
9717:
9715:
9712:
9711:
9709:
9707:
9703:
9698:
9688:
9687:Zingara sauce
9685:
9683:
9680:
9678:
9675:
9673:
9670:
9668:
9665:
9663:
9660:
9658:
9655:
9653:
9650:
9648:
9645:
9643:
9640:
9638:
9635:
9633:
9630:
9628:
9625:
9623:
9620:
9618:
9615:
9613:
9610:
9608:
9605:
9603:
9600:
9598:
9595:
9593:
9590:
9588:
9585:
9583:
9580:
9578:
9575:
9571:
9568:
9566:
9563:
9561:
9558:
9557:
9556:
9553:
9551:
9548:
9546:
9543:
9541:
9538:
9536:
9533:
9531:
9528:
9526:
9523:
9521:
9518:
9516:
9513:
9511:
9508:
9506:
9503:
9501:
9498:
9496:
9493:
9491:
9488:
9486:
9483:
9481:
9478:
9476:
9473:
9471:
9468:
9466:
9463:
9461:
9458:
9454:
9451:
9449:
9446:
9444:
9441:
9439:
9436:
9434:
9433:Cheddar sauce
9431:
9429:
9426:
9424:
9423:Alfredo sauce
9421:
9420:
9419:
9416:
9414:
9413:Buffalo sauce
9411:
9409:
9406:
9404:
9401:
9399:
9396:
9394:
9391:
9389:
9386:
9384:
9381:
9380:
9378:
9374:
9368:
9365:
9363:
9360:
9358:
9355:
9354:
9351:
9347:
9340:
9335:
9333:
9328:
9326:
9321:
9320:
9317:
9305:
9302:
9300:
9297:
9295:
9292:
9290:
9287:
9285:
9282:
9280:
9277:
9275:
9272:
9270:
9267:
9265:
9262:
9261:
9259:
9257:Manufacturers
9255:
9249:
9246:
9244:
9241:
9239:
9236:
9234:
9231:
9229:
9226:
9224:
9221:
9219:
9216:
9214:
9211:
9209:
9206:
9204:
9201:
9199:
9198:Green goddess
9196:
9194:
9191:
9189:
9186:
9184:
9181:
9179:
9176:
9175:
9173:
9169:
9164:
9154:
9151:
9149:
9146:
9144:
9141:
9139:
9136:
9134:
9131:
9129:
9126:
9124:
9121:
9119:
9116:
9114:
9113:Honey mustard
9111:
9109:
9106:
9103:
9100:
9098:
9095:
9094:
9092:
9088:
9083:
9076:
9071:
9069:
9064:
9062:
9057:
9056:
9053:
9041:
9033:
9031:
9023:
9022:
9019:
9013:
9010:
9008:
9005:
9003:
9000:
8999:
8997:
8993:
8987:
8984:
8982:
8979:
8975:
8972:
8970:
8967:
8965:
8962:
8961:
8960:
8957:
8955:
8952:
8950:
8947:
8945:
8942:
8940:
8937:
8935:
8932:
8930:
8927:
8926:
8924:
8920:
8914:
8911:
8909:
8906:
8904:
8901:
8899:
8896:
8894:
8891:
8889:
8886:
8884:
8881:
8879:
8876:
8874:
8871:
8869:
8866:
8864:
8861:
8859:
8856:
8854:
8851:
8849:
8846:
8844:
8841:
8839:
8836:
8834:
8831:
8829:
8826:
8824:
8821:
8819:
8816:
8814:
8811:
8809:
8806:
8804:
8801:
8799:
8796:
8794:
8791:
8789:
8786:
8784:
8781:
8779:
8776:
8774:
8771:
8769:
8766:
8765:
8763:
8761:
8757:
8753:
8746:
8741:
8739:
8734:
8732:
8727:
8726:
8723:
8711:
8710:Essential oil
8708:
8706:
8703:
8701:
8698:
8695:
8694:
8691:
8677:
8674:
8672:
8669:
8667:
8664:
8662:
8661:Rice bran oil
8659:
8657:
8654:
8652:
8651:Poppyseed oil
8649:
8647:
8644:
8642:
8639:
8637:
8634:
8632:
8629:
8627:
8624:
8622:
8619:
8617:
8614:
8612:
8609:
8607:
8604:
8602:
8599:
8597:
8594:
8593:
8591:
8589:
8583:
8577:
8574:
8572:
8571:Pistachio oil
8569:
8567:
8564:
8562:
8559:
8557:
8554:
8552:
8549:
8547:
8546:Macadamia oil
8544:
8542:
8539:
8537:
8534:
8532:
8529:
8527:
8524:
8523:
8521:
8517:
8511:
8510:Sunflower oil
8508:
8506:
8503:
8501:
8500:Safflower oil
8498:
8496:
8493:
8491:
8488:
8484:
8481:
8480:
8479:
8476:
8474:
8471:
8469:
8466:
8464:
8461:
8459:
8456:
8455:
8453:
8449:
8446:
8443:
8438:
8434:
8428:
8425:
8423:
8422:Cod liver oil
8420:
8419:
8417:
8415:
8411:
8408:
8406:
8402:
8392:
8389:
8387:
8384:
8382:
8379:
8377:
8374:
8372:
8369:
8367:
8366:Borneo tallow
8364:
8363:
8361:
8357:
8349:
8346:
8344:
8341:
8340:
8339:
8336:
8335:
8333:
8329:
8323:
8320:
8318:
8315:
8313:
8310:
8309:
8307:
8304:
8300:
8292:
8289:
8287:
8284:
8282:
8279:
8278:
8277:
8274:
8272:
8269:
8268:
8266:
8263:
8259:
8253:
8250:
8248:
8245:
8243:
8240:
8238:
8235:
8234:
8232:
8229:
8225:
8221:
8215:
8212:
8208:
8205:
8203:
8200:
8198:
8195:
8193:
8190:
8189:
8188:
8185:
8183:
8180:
8178:
8175:
8171:
8168:
8166:
8163:
8161:
8158:
8157:
8156:
8153:
8152:
8150:
8148:
8144:
8141:
8139:
8135:
8131:
8124:
8119:
8117:
8112:
8110:
8105:
8104:
8101:
8095:
8092:
8089:
8088:0-86547-503-2
8085:
8081:
8077:
8074:
8070:
8066:
8062:
8060:
8056:
8052:
8049:
8048:2-7006-0064-9
8045:
8041:
8037:
8034:
8030:
8026:
8024:
8019:
8017:
8013:
8009:
8005:
8004:
7992:
7988:
7984:
7980:
7976:
7972:
7965:
7957:
7949:
7945:
7940:
7935:
7930:
7925:
7921:
7917:
7913:
7906:
7897:
7892:
7887:
7882:
7878:
7874:
7870:
7863:
7847:
7843:
7839:
7833:
7824:
7819:
7815:
7811:
7807:
7800:
7791:
7786:
7782:
7778:
7774:
7767:
7751:
7747:
7740:
7724:
7720:
7714:
7698:
7692:
7676:
7672:
7668:
7664:
7658:
7654:
7653:
7644:
7628:
7624:
7620:
7616:
7610:
7602:
7598:
7594:
7590:
7586:
7582:
7574:
7566:
7562:
7558:
7554:
7550:
7546:
7539:
7532:
7527:
7523:
7519:
7515:
7511:
7507:
7504:(3): 169–88.
7503:
7499:
7492:
7484:
7480:
7475:
7470:
7465:
7460:
7456:
7452:
7448:
7441:
7433:
7429:
7425:
7421:
7417:
7413:
7406:
7398:
7394:
7390:
7386:
7381:
7376:
7373:(1): 98–112.
7372:
7368:
7364:
7357:
7349:
7345:
7339:
7331:
7325:
7317:
7313:
7307:
7291:
7285:
7269:
7263:
7255:
7251:
7245:
7229:
7223:
7215:
7209:
7205:
7201:
7197:
7190:
7182:
7178:
7177:"Oil, peanut"
7172:
7156:
7150:
7134:
7128:
7112:
7106:
7090:
7084:
7076:
7075:veghealth.com
7069:
7062:
7054:
7050:
7046:
7042:
7038:
7034:
7030:
7026:
7019:
7011:
7007:
7002:
6997:
6993:
6989:
6985:
6981:
6977:
6970:
6954:
6948:
6932:
6926:
6910:
6904:
6888:
6882:
6866:
6860:
6845:
6841:
6834:
6832:
6830:
6828:
6826:
6824:
6807:
6801:
6793:
6789:
6785:
6781:
6777:
6770:
6768:
6766:
6764:
6747:
6741:
6725:
6721:
6714:
6695:
6691:
6684:
6677:
6661:
6655:
6644:
6638:
6621:
6615:
6606:
6600:
6598:
6596:
6587:
6583:
6579:
6575:
6571:
6567:
6560:
6558:
6542:
6536:
6532:
6528:
6524:
6523:
6515:
6513:
6511:
6509:
6507:
6505:
6493:September 19,
6488:
6484:
6483:
6478:
6472:
6461:September 19,
6456:
6452:
6451:
6446:
6440:
6429:September 19,
6424:
6420:
6414:
6397:
6393:
6389:
6383:
6375:
6371:
6364:
6348:
6344:
6340:
6333:
6317:
6313:
6309:
6303:
6292:September 13,
6287:
6283:
6279:
6273:
6257:
6254:. Edinburgh.
6253:
6249:
6242:
6234:
6233:The Telegraph
6230:
6223:
6207:
6203:
6197:
6181:
6177:
6173:
6166:
6164:
6155:
6151:
6145:
6143:
6126:
6122:
6118:
6111:
6109:
6092:
6088:
6084:
6078:
6071:
6065:
6049:
6045:
6037:
6026:September 13,
6021:
6017:
6011:
5995:
5991:
5984:
5976:
5975:
5967:
5960:(7): 8. 2010.
5959:
5955:
5948:
5932:
5928:
5924:
5918:
5902:
5898:
5894:
5888:
5872:
5868:
5864:
5857:
5841:
5837:
5833:
5827:
5808:
5804:
5797:
5791:
5789:
5772:
5768:
5764:
5758:
5742:
5738:
5732:
5716:
5712:
5708:
5702:
5686:
5682:
5676:
5660:
5656:
5650:
5648:
5646:
5644:
5642:
5633:
5629:
5624:
5619:
5614:
5609:
5605:
5601:
5597:
5590:
5588:
5586:
5577:
5573:
5569:
5565:
5558:
5551:
5543:
5539:
5535:
5531:
5527:
5523:
5516:
5509:
5490:
5486:
5479:
5472:
5456:
5452:
5445:
5443:
5426:
5422:
5418:
5416:
5408:
5392:
5388:
5381:
5370:September 13,
5365:
5361:
5357:
5351:
5340:September 13,
5335:
5331:
5325:
5309:
5305:
5301:
5295:
5279:
5275:
5271:
5265:
5263:
5261:
5244:
5240:
5236:
5230:
5214:
5210:
5204:
5188:
5184:
5180:
5174:
5158:
5154:
5150:
5143:
5141:
5124:
5120:
5114:
5112:
5100:
5094:
5083:
5077:
5069:
5065:
5060:
5055:
5050:
5045:
5041:
5037:
5033:
5026:
5024:
5022:
5020:
5012:
5008:
5007:
5002:
4996:
4990:
4982:
4978:
4974:
4972:965-226-252-8
4968:
4964:
4960:
4954:
4946:
4942:
4938:
4934:
4930:
4924:
4916:
4914:0-917526-06-6
4910:
4906:
4899:
4897:
4890:' commentary)
4889:
4885:
4882:
4876:
4870:
4862:
4858:
4854:
4850:
4844:
4836:
4834:0-19-815402-X
4830:
4826:
4822:
4821:
4816:
4812:
4805:
4797:
4793:
4789:
4788:
4781:
4779:
4777:
4768:
4762:
4754:
4750:
4746:
4742:
4736:
4734:
4725:
4723:0-19-815402-X
4719:
4715:
4711:
4710:
4705:
4701:
4695:
4687:
4683:
4679:
4677:9781118460450
4673:
4669:
4662:
4646:
4642:
4638:
4632:
4624:
4620:
4616:
4612:
4605:
4589:
4585:
4579:
4560:
4553:
4547:
4531:
4528:. smith.edu.
4527:
4521:
4505:
4501:
4495:
4479:
4475:
4469:
4462:
4458:
4454:
4448:
4441:
4440:
4435:
4430:
4414:
4410:
4406:
4399:
4383:
4379:
4378:
4373:
4366:
4350:
4346:
4345:
4340:
4333:
4325:
4321:
4317:
4315:9781118460436
4311:
4307:
4300:
4284:
4280:
4276:
4274:
4266:
4250:
4246:
4240:
4236:
4235:
4227:
4208:
4201:
4194:
4192:
4183:
4179:
4175:
4171:
4164:
4157:
4144:
4140:
4134:
4130:
4129:
4121:
4113:
4109:
4105:
4101:
4097:
4093:
4089:
4082:
4066:
4062:
4061:
4053:
4034:
4027:
4020:
4012:
4008:
4004:
4000:
3996:
3992:
3985:
3969:
3965:
3961:
3954:
3947:
3944:
3940:
3939:Olea europaea
3936:
3933:
3929:
3925:
3924:Olea europaea
3919:
3911:
3907:
3903:
3899:
3895:
3891:
3887:
3880:
3873:
3870:
3864:
3857:
3851:
3843:
3839:
3835:
3831:
3827:
3823:
3819:
3815:
3808:
3806:
3804:
3802:
3800:
3798:
3796:
3794:
3792:
3783:
3776:
3769:
3763:
3756:
3750:
3734:
3730:
3724:
3716:
3714:0-19-211579-0
3710:
3706:
3702:
3695:
3679:
3675:
3669:
3653:
3649:
3645:
3641:
3634:
3626:
3622:
3618:
3614:
3613:ACNEM Journal
3607:
3605:
3603:
3598:
3589:
3586:
3584:
3581:
3579:
3576:
3574:
3571:
3570:
3566:
3560:
3555:
3548:
3546:
3542:
3537:
3535:
3534:blood glucose
3531:
3527:
3526:triglycerides
3523:
3519:
3515:
3511:
3507:
3503:
3497:
3492:
3490:
3486:
3482:
3476:
3467:
3458:
3456:
3455:palmitic acid
3452:
3451:saturated fat
3448:
3447:linoleic acid
3444:
3440:
3436:
3432:
3427:
3425:
3422:(96% DV) and
3421:
3417:
3413:
3409:
3404:
3402:
3398:
3397:dietary fiber
3394:
3393:carbohydrates
3390:
3380:
3376:
3371:
3367:
3361:
3357:
3353:
3349:
3346:
3343:
3341:
3337:
3333:
3325:
3321:
3314:
3312:
3308:
3301:
3299:
3295:
3290:
3285:
3282:
3280:
3279:
3274:
3270:
3266:
3259:
3255:
3249:
3246:
3245:
3239:
3235:
3231:
3221:
3218:
3213:
3209:
3205:
3201:
3199:
3195:
3191:
3189:
3185:
3179:
3176:
3175:
3169:
3165:
3161:
3155:
3152:
3151:
3150:Carbohydrates
3145:
3141:
3137:
3135:
3131:
3126:
3115:
3113:
3109:
3105:
3100:
3098:
3095:
3091:
3087:
3083:
3079:
3075:
3071:
3067:
3066:elenolic acid
3063:
3059:
3055:
3051:
3047:
3043:
3039:
3024:
3021:
3018:
3015:
3012:
3009:
3006:
3003:
3000:
2998:
2995:
2994:
2990:
2987:
2984:
2981:
2978:
2975:
2972:
2969:
2967:
2965:
2962:
2961:
2958:
2955:
2952:
2949:
2946:
2943:
2940:
2937:
2935:
2932:
2930:
2927:
2926:
2922:
2919:
2916:
2913:
2910:
2907:
2904:
2901:
2899:
2897:
2894:
2893:
2890:
2887:
2884:
2881:
2878:
2875:
2872:
2869:
2867:
2865:
2862:
2861:
2857:
2854:
2851:
2848:
2846:
2843:
2840:
2838:
2835:
2832:
2830:
2828:
2827:Rice bran oil
2825:
2824:
2820:
2817:
2814:
2811:
2808:
2805:
2802:
2799:
2797:
2795:
2792:
2791:
2788:
2786:
2784:
2782:
2779:
2777:
2774:
2771:
2768:
2766:
2763:
2762:
2758:
2755:
2752:
2749:
2746:
2743:
2740:
2737:
2735:
2733:
2730:
2729:
2725:
2722:
2719:
2716:
2713:
2710:
2707:
2704:
2702:
2699:
2696:
2695:
2691:
2688:
2685:
2682:
2679:
2676:
2673:
2670:
2668:
2666:
2663:
2662:
2658:
2655:
2652:
2649:
2646:
2643:
2640:
2637:
2635:
2633:
2630:
2629:
2625:
2622:
2619:
2616:
2613:
2610:
2607:
2604:
2601:
2599:
2596:
2595:
2591:
2588:
2585:
2582:
2579:
2576:
2573:
2570:
2568:
2566:
2563:
2562:
2559:
2556:
2553:
2550:
2547:
2545:
2542:
2539:
2537:
2534:
2532:
2529:
2528:
2524:
2521:
2518:
2515:
2512:
2509:
2506:
2503:
2501:
2499:
2496:
2495:
2491:
2488:
2485:
2482:
2479:
2476:
2473:
2470:
2468:
2466:
2463:
2462:
2458:
2455:
2452:
2449:
2446:
2443:
2440:
2437:
2435:
2433:
2430:
2429:
2425:
2422:
2419:
2416:
2413:
2410:
2407:
2404:
2402:
2400:
2397:
2396:
2392:
2389:
2386:
2383:
2380:
2377:
2374:
2371:
2369:
2367:
2364:
2363:
2359:
2356:
2353:
2350:
2347:
2343:
2340:
2337:
2335:
2333:
2330:
2329:
2326:
2321:
2315:
2312:
2306:
2303:
2300:
2294:
2288:
2287:
2284:
2277:
2270:
2263:
2251:
2246:
2231:
2228:
2225:
2221:
2219:
2216:
2215:
2212:
2209:
2206:
2204:
2201:
2200:
2197:
2194:
2191:
2189:
2188:Palmitic acid
2186:
2185:
2182:
2179:
2176:
2172:
2170:
2169:Linoleic acid
2167:
2166:
2163:
2160:
2157:
2155:
2152:
2151:
2147:
2144:
2141:
2138:
2137:
2134:
2132:
2128:
2124:
2120:
2117:and of other
2116:
2115:palmitic acid
2112:
2111:linoleic acid
2108:
2104:
2096:
2092:
2087:
2078:
2075:
2074:
2068:
2064:
2063:
2058:
2054:
2050:
2045:
2043:
2039:
2034:
2033:Bill Whitaker
2030:
2029:
2024:
2019:
2016:
2014:
2013:Guardia Civil
2008:
2004:
2002:
1998:
1994:
1985:
1982:
1981:
1980:
1976:
1974:
1970:
1955:
1951:
1948:
1947:
1942:
1941:
1937:
1931:
1927:
1923:
1920:
1917:
1913:
1909:
1905:
1901:
1896:
1892:
1889:
1885:
1881:
1877:
1873:
1869:
1866:
1863:
1858:
1857:
1854:Label wording
1851:
1847:
1845:
1841:
1836:
1834:
1828:
1822:
1819:
1816:
1813:
1809:
1804:
1801:
1798:
1795:
1792:
1788:
1785:
1784:
1783:
1781:
1774:United States
1771:
1769:
1765:
1764:
1759:
1757:
1753:
1748:
1744:
1742:
1738:
1734:
1731:
1729:
1725:
1721:
1717:
1713:
1711:
1707:
1693:
1686:
1682:
1677:
1674:
1671:
1667:
1662:
1659:
1656:
1651:
1648:
1645:
1641:
1637:
1633:
1629:
1625:
1622:
1621:
1620:
1617:
1615:
1611:
1607:
1604:, leading to
1603:
1602:free radicals
1599:
1595:
1591:
1587:
1583:
1579:
1575:
1572:
1568:
1564:
1560:
1555:
1553:
1549:
1545:
1536:
1527:
1524:
1519:
1517:
1513:
1507:
1497:
1488:
1486:
1482:
1478:
1474:
1470:
1466:
1461:
1459:
1458:Villacarrillo
1455:
1451:
1447:
1446:Jaén province
1443:
1439:
1435:
1431:
1430:Villacarrillo
1427:
1419:
1416:
1413:
1409:
1408:
1404:
1402:
1391:
1390:
1386:
1384:
1373:
1372:
1368:
1366:
1355:
1354:
1350:
1348:
1337:
1336:
1332:
1330:
1319:
1318:
1314:
1312:
1301:
1300:
1296:
1294:
1283:
1282:
1278:
1276:
1265:
1264:
1260:
1258:
1247:
1246:
1242:
1236:
1233:
1232:
1219:Global market
1216:
1214:
1211:
1207:
1203:
1199:
1195:
1191:
1187:
1183:
1179:
1175:
1171:
1166:
1164:
1154:
1151:
1146:
1138:
1130:
1129:Ancient Greek
1126:
1121:
1119:
1115:
1114:
1109:
1096:
1092:
1088:
1084:
1082:
1079:
1072:
1068:
1065:
1064:
1063:
1055:
1049:
1044:
1034:
1031:
1023:
1013:
1009:
1003:
1002:
997:This section
995:
991:
986:
985:
981:
971:
969:
964:
962:
958:
948:
946:
941:
939:
935:
931:
927:
923:
919:
915:
911:
901:
899:
895:
892:
888:
886:
882:
878:
874:
870:
866:
862:
858:
854:
850:
846:
842:
838:
826:Religious use
823:
821:
817:
812:
808:
802:
800:
796:
791:
789:
785:
782:, bread, and
781:
777:
773:
765:
761:
755:and olive oil
754:
750:
736:
734:
728:
718:
716:
712:
708:
704:
692:
688:
684:
680:
678:
674:
670:
666:
662:
658:
649:
644:
640:
638:
634:
630:
625:
623:
619:
615:
611:
607:
603:
598:
596:
592:
588:
583:
581:
577:
573:
565:
556:
554:
549:
547:
543:
538:
536:
532:
527:
523:
519:
515:
511:
507:
503:
499:
494:
492:
489:and later to
488:
484:
476:
472:
467:
458:
456:
452:
448:
444:
440:
439:
434:
430:
426:
422:
418:
414:
410:
406:
402:
398:
394:
393:Roman cuisine
390:
389:ancient Greek
386:
376:
374:
370:
369:palmitic acid
366:
365:linoleic acid
362:
358:
354:
349:
346:
344:
340:
336:
332:
328:
324:
320:
315:
313:
309:
305:
304:Olea europaea
301:
297:
293:
285:
281:
277:
275:
260:
258:
254:
248:
246:
242:
236:
234:
230:
224:
222:
218:
212:
210:
206:
203:
199:
196:
192:
188:
185:
181:
177:
173:
165:
163:
159:
155:
153:
152:Boiling point
149:
145:
143:
142:Melting point
139:
135:
132:
128:
123:
119:
114:
113:Linoleic acid
111:
109:
105:
101:
96:
93:
91:
87:
83:
79:
76:
72:
68:
63:
62:Palmitic acid
60:
56:
53:
49:
44:
37:
32:
26:
22:
11750:Cooking oils
11701:
11640:
11542:Gibraltarian
11283:Pane carasau
11009:Melomakarono
10734:Chakhchoukha
10540:Malt vinegar
10123:
10022:Meat extract
10002:Liver spread
9879:Pepper jelly
9813:Pickles and
9672:Tomato sauce
9647:Tartar sauce
9602:Peanut sauce
9597:Oyster sauce
9570:Miracle Whip
9545:Lechon sauce
9453:Nacho cheese
9448:Mornay sauce
9428:Caruso sauce
9418:Cheese sauce
9289:Newman's Own
9279:Miracle Whip
8958:
8944:Olive branch
8934:Castile soap
8671:Tea seed oil
8635:
8566:Pine nut oil
8541:Hazelnut oil
8495:Rapeseed oil
8472:
8376:Mango butter
8371:Cocoa butter
8286:Niter kibbeh
8079:
8064:
8039:
8021:
8007:
7974:
7970:
7956:
7919:
7915:
7905:
7879:(4): 2044 .
7876:
7873:EFSA Journal
7872:
7862:
7850:. Retrieved
7841:
7832:
7813:
7810:EFSA Journal
7809:
7799:
7780:
7777:EFSA Journal
7776:
7766:
7754:. Retrieved
7739:
7727:. Retrieved
7713:
7703:December 26,
7701:. Retrieved
7691:
7679:. Retrieved
7651:
7643:
7631:. Retrieved
7622:
7609:
7584:
7580:
7573:
7548:
7544:
7538:
7529:
7501:
7497:
7491:
7454:
7450:
7440:
7415:
7411:
7405:
7370:
7366:
7356:
7347:
7338:
7324:
7315:
7306:
7296:September 6,
7294:. Retrieved
7284:
7274:September 6,
7272:. Retrieved
7262:
7253:
7244:
7232:. Retrieved
7222:
7195:
7189:
7180:
7171:
7161:September 6,
7159:. Retrieved
7149:
7139:September 6,
7137:. Retrieved
7127:
7117:September 6,
7115:. Retrieved
7105:
7095:September 6,
7093:. Retrieved
7083:
7074:
7061:
7031:(2): 87–94.
7028:
7024:
7018:
6983:
6979:
6969:
6959:September 6,
6957:. Retrieved
6947:
6937:September 6,
6935:. Retrieved
6925:
6915:September 6,
6913:. Retrieved
6903:
6893:September 6,
6891:. Retrieved
6881:
6871:September 6,
6869:. Retrieved
6859:
6847:. Retrieved
6843:
6812:September 6,
6810:. Retrieved
6800:
6783:
6779:
6752:September 6,
6750:. Retrieved
6740:
6730:December 26,
6728:. Retrieved
6723:
6713:
6701:. Retrieved
6694:the original
6689:
6676:
6666:September 6,
6664:. Retrieved
6654:
6637:
6626:September 7,
6624:. Retrieved
6614:
6569:
6565:
6544:. Retrieved
6521:
6491:. Retrieved
6480:
6471:
6459:. Retrieved
6448:
6439:
6427:. Retrieved
6413:
6400:. Retrieved
6391:
6382:
6373:
6363:
6353:November 17,
6351:. Retrieved
6342:
6332:
6320:. Retrieved
6311:
6302:
6290:. Retrieved
6281:
6272:
6260:. Retrieved
6252:The Scotsman
6251:
6241:
6232:
6222:
6210:. Retrieved
6206:the original
6196:
6184:. Retrieved
6180:the original
6175:
6154:the original
6129:. Retrieved
6120:
6095:. Retrieved
6091:the original
6086:
6077:
6069:
6064:
6052:. Retrieved
6048:the original
6036:
6024:. Retrieved
6020:the original
6010:
5998:. Retrieved
5983:
5972:
5966:
5957:
5953:
5947:
5935:. Retrieved
5926:
5917:
5905:. Retrieved
5896:
5887:
5875:. Retrieved
5866:
5856:
5846:September 1,
5844:. Retrieved
5836:oliveoil.com
5835:
5826:
5814:. Retrieved
5775:. Retrieved
5757:
5747:November 27,
5745:. Retrieved
5741:the original
5731:
5719:. Retrieved
5715:the original
5710:
5701:
5689:. Retrieved
5675:
5663:. Retrieved
5603:
5599:
5567:
5563:
5550:
5525:
5521:
5508:
5496:. Retrieved
5489:the original
5484:
5471:
5459:. Retrieved
5455:the original
5429:. Retrieved
5420:
5414:
5407:
5395:. Retrieved
5391:the original
5380:
5368:. Retrieved
5359:
5350:
5338:. Retrieved
5334:the original
5324:
5312:. Retrieved
5303:
5294:
5282:. Retrieved
5273:
5247:. Retrieved
5238:
5229:
5217:. Retrieved
5203:
5191:. Retrieved
5182:
5173:
5161:. Retrieved
5152:
5129:February 25,
5127:. Retrieved
5093:
5076:
5039:
5035:
5004:
4962:
4953:
4936:
4932:
4923:
4904:
4883:
4852:
4843:
4819:
4804:
4786:
4744:
4708:
4694:
4667:
4661:
4649:. Retrieved
4641:OliveOil.com
4640:
4631:
4617:(33): 3391.
4614:
4610:
4604:
4592:. Retrieved
4578:
4566:. Retrieved
4546:
4534:. Retrieved
4520:
4510:November 23,
4508:. Retrieved
4494:
4484:November 23,
4482:. Retrieved
4478:the original
4468:
4452:
4447:
4437:
4429:
4417:. Retrieved
4408:
4398:
4386:. Retrieved
4375:
4365:
4353:. Retrieved
4344:Serious Eats
4342:
4332:
4305:
4299:
4287:. Retrieved
4283:the original
4278:
4272:
4271:"Olive oil:
4265:
4253:. Retrieved
4233:
4226:
4214:. Retrieved
4207:the original
4173:
4169:
4163:
4154:
4147:. Retrieved
4127:
4120:
4098:(1): 63–75.
4095:
4091:
4081:
4071:December 28,
4069:. Retrieved
4059:
4052:
4040:. Retrieved
4033:the original
4019:
3994:
3990:
3984:
3974:December 17,
3972:. Retrieved
3968:the original
3963:
3953:
3945:
3942:
3938:
3934:
3931:
3927:
3923:
3918:
3893:
3889:
3879:
3871:
3868:
3863:
3855:
3850:
3817:
3813:
3781:
3775:
3767:
3762:
3754:
3749:
3737:. Retrieved
3733:the original
3723:
3704:
3700:
3694:
3682:. Retrieved
3678:the original
3668:
3656:. Retrieved
3647:
3643:
3633:
3616:
3612:
3588:List of dips
3538:
3499:
3494:
3485:health claim
3478:
3441:), 1.4 g of
3428:
3405:
3386:
3344:
3339:
3288:
3283:
3276:
3242:
3172:
3148:
3101:
3035:
2844:
2836:
2769:hydrogenated
2697:
2536:hydrogenated
2203:Stearic acid
2129:(about 0.2%
2103:triglyceride
2100:
2095:alkyl groups
2091:triglyceride
2081:Constituents
2071:
2060:
2046:
2026:
2022:
2020:
2017:
2009:
2005:
1989:
1977:
1965:
1962:Adulteration
1944:
1938:
1929:
1926:first press.
1925:
1921:
1916:Cold Pressed
1915:
1912:Cold Pressed
1911:
1907:
1904:Cold Pressed
1903:
1899:
1894:
1891:Cold pressed
1890:
1883:
1879:
1875:
1871:
1867:
1848:
1837:
1829:
1826:
1820:
1814:
1802:
1796:
1786:
1777:
1767:
1762:
1760:
1755:
1751:
1746:
1745:
1741:free acidity
1736:
1735:
1732:
1728:free acidity
1715:
1714:
1703:
1684:
1680:
1675:
1669:
1665:
1660:
1649:
1643:
1639:
1635:
1632:extra virgin
1631:
1627:
1623:
1618:
1605:
1556:
1541:
1520:
1509:
1494:
1462:
1453:
1428:
1424:
1417:
1411:
1167:
1160:
1124:
1122:
1111:
1105:
1094:
1086:
1078:organoleptic
1075:
1060:
1026:
1017:
1006:Please help
1001:verification
998:
965:
961:quantum dots
954:
942:
907:
896:
889:
861:confirmation
834:
831:Christianity
803:
792:
769:
766:in olive oil
744:Culinary use
730:
700:
686:
672:
653:
647:
626:
599:
584:
570:
550:
539:
535:Roman Empire
522:Early Minoan
495:
491:North Africa
480:
451:frankincense
436:
387:, including
382:
373:free acidity
350:
347:
316:
303:
291:
290:
271:
221:Iodine value
67:Stearic acid
25:
11438:Ratatouille
11308:Culurgiònes
11288:Malloreddus
11158:Arrosticini
11103:Shish kebab
11083:Montenegrin
10984:Greek salad
10961:Turkish tea
10879:Palestinian
10815:Ful medames
10642:Cruet-stand
10601:Mayonnaises
10581:Fish sauces
10576:Fish pastes
10380:Vinaigrette
10365:Salad cream
10204:Asín tibuok
10144:Salmoriglio
10134:Perilla oil
10119:Mustard oil
9982:Coconut jam
9972:Chili paste
9869:Horseradish
9642:Steak sauce
9632:Salsa verde
9592:Mumbo sauce
9465:Chimichurri
9460:Chili sauce
9408:Brown sauce
9299:Kraft Heinz
9274:Ken's Foods
9238:Salad cream
9178:Blue cheese
9153:Vinaigrette
9123:Lemon juice
9012:Switzerland
8949:Olive color
8705:Cooking oil
8641:Perilla oil
8631:Mustard oil
8606:Avocado oil
8505:Soybean oil
8458:Coconut oil
8386:Shea butter
8312:Chicken fat
7896:2434/174506
7816:(4): 2043.
7783:(4): 2033.
7418:: 284–294.
7234:January 22,
7183:. usda.gov.
6703:January 15,
6402:January 28,
6370:"Agromafia"
6131:January 28,
5816:January 20,
5777:January 20,
5721:February 8,
5691:December 1,
5461:November 9,
5431:October 15,
5397:October 15,
5249:October 19,
5163:November 9,
5059:10396/17426
4820:The Mishnah
4709:The Mishnah
3896:: 157–173.
3820:(1): 1–26.
3650:(6): 2–11.
3619:(2): 8–12.
3565:Food portal
3506:polyphenols
3453:(mainly as
3445:(mainly as
3437:(mainly as
3416:Daily Value
3412:food energy
3222:10.5 g
3192:13.8 g
3112:pinoresinol
3086:ligstroside
3054:oleocanthal
2611:14.3
2305:α-Linolenic
2283:Smoke point
2279:fatty acids
2272:fatty acids
2265:fatty acids
2131:phytosterol
2119:fatty acids
2057:'Ndrangheta
2049:Carabinieri
2001:soybean oil
1993:chlorophyll
1884:Extra-Light
1862:polyphenols
1608:rancidity.
1198:animal feed
1141:زيت الأنفاق
849:consecrated
811:smoke point
807:deep frying
786:), and the
772:cooking oil
669:olive press
526:Late Minoan
510:Phoenicians
483:Mesopotamia
421:soap-making
361:fatty acids
261:20 (virgin)
162:Smoke point
131:Food energy
11745:Condiments
11734:Categories
11547:Monégasque
11502:Escalivada
11463:Andalusian
11249:Neapolitan
11183:Bocconotto
11024:Pastitsada
10825:Mulukhiyah
10780:Shakshouka
10611:Hot sauces
10280:Kachumbari
10149:Sesame oil
10039:Nut butter
9987:Fish paste
9926:Tomato jam
9911:Sauerkraut
9884:Piccalilli
9754:Honey dill
9729:Duck sauce
9627:Salsa golf
9582:Mild sauce
9555:Mayonnaise
9540:Khrenovina
9500:Fritessaus
9495:Fish sauce
9438:Cheez Whiz
9383:Agre dulce
9346:Condiments
9218:Mayonnaise
9143:Sour cream
9138:Sesame oil
9128:Lime juice
9108:Fish sauce
9090:Condiments
8995:By country
8974:unfiltered
8964:extraction
8954:Olive leaf
8903:Salonenque
8833:Hojiblanca
8798:Cailletier
8793:Bouteillan
8700:Plant oils
8666:Sesame oil
8611:Castor oil
8585:Fruit and
8576:Walnut oil
8551:Marula oil
8536:Cashew oil
8526:Almond oil
8490:Peanut oil
8451:Major oils
8437:Vegetables
8187:Pork belly
7922:(1): 154.
7852:August 31,
7066:Melina V.
6202:"草刈りは定期的に"
5937:January 3,
5907:January 3,
5877:January 3,
5042:(1): 237.
5011:depilatory
4888:Maimonides
4823:. Oxford:
4815:"Tohoroth"
4712:. Oxford:
4704:"Menahoth"
4461:1589797299
3739:October 5,
3594:References
3518:oleic acid
3473:See also:
3439:oleic acid
3431:tablespoon
3227:9.8 g
3224:0.8 g
3181:100 g
3104:flavonoids
3078:Oleuropein
3070:tocopherol
3058:oleuropein
2997:Walnut oil
2598:Grape seed
2531:Cottonseed
2498:Cottonseed
2366:Brazil nut
2256:Processing
2195:7.5 to 20%
2180:3.5 to 21%
2154:Oleic acid
2139:Fatty acid
2107:oleic acid
2105:esters of
2062:60 Minutes
2023:New Yorker
1943:(PDO) and
1628:virgin oil
1586:glycerides
1582:hydrolysis
1574:oleic acid
1500:Regulation
1237:Production
1224:Production
1210:fatty acid
1196:, such as
1194:byproducts
1176:, has low
1170:wastewater
974:Extraction
922:the Exodus
885:coronation
869:ordination
855:as sacred
691:Jost Amman
648:(trapetum)
633:Bronze Age
614:Aegean Sea
546:California
471:Klazomenai
397:Asia Minor
363:including
357:oleic acid
296:liquid fat
233:Acid value
125:Properties
102:: 0.3–3.5%
95:Oleic acid
11740:Olive oil
11690:Exemplars
11641:Olive oil
11519:Valencian
11507:Escudella
11485:Caldereta
11428:Provencal
11416:Cassoulet
11369:Carpaccio
11357:Ribollita
11278:Sardinian
11271:Carbonara
11200:Arbëreshë
11153:Abruzzese
11137:Regional
11094:Regional
11088:Slovenian
11068:Aromanian
11004:Loukaniko
10999:Skordalia
10855:Jordanian
10786:Regional
10312:Dressings
10285:Kachumber
10169:Toyomansi
10154:Soy sauce
10124:Olive oil
10109:Chili oil
10017:Malidzano
9992:Gochujang
9874:Ljutenica
9854:Encurtido
9815:preserves
9784:Skyronnes
9779:Nước chấm
9774:Nam phrik
9764:Muhammara
9744:Guacamole
9622:Remoulade
9525:Hot sauce
9515:Gastrique
9505:Fry sauce
9490:Dabu-dabu
9475:Colo-colo
9388:Agrodolce
9304:Wish-Bone
9148:Soy sauce
9084:dressings
9007:Palestine
8959:Olive oil
8888:Picholine
8843:Koroneiki
8808:Cerignola
8773:Arbequina
8760:Cultivars
8646:Pequi oil
8636:Olive oil
8588:seed oils
8561:Pecan oil
8531:Argan oil
8473:Olive oil
8381:Margarine
8348:Whale oil
8202:Salt pork
8147:Pork fats
8040:L'Olivier
7633:March 28,
7397:221216561
6986:: 59–64.
6786:: 59–65.
6522:Olive Oil
6262:April 22,
6000:March 15,
5927:FoodPrint
5665:March 15,
5600:Molecules
5068:2071-1050
4989:cite book
4981:607157392
4945:313566614
4929:Mukaddasi
4869:cite book
4861:783455868
4811:Danby, H.
4761:cite book
4753:783455868
4700:Danby, H.
4686:908158600
4324:861120215
4112:0262-5253
3902:2159-4996
3625:132454216
3510:oxidation
3424:vitamin K
3420:vitamin E
3418:, DV) of
3311:Vitamin K
3298:Vitamin E
3202:73 g
3188:Saturated
3123:Olive oil
3118:Nutrition
3074:Vitamin E
3038:phenolics
3001:unrefined
2964:Sunflower
2689:very high
2632:Hemp seed
2623:very high
2262:Saturated
2258:treatment
2229:0 to 1.5%
2210:0.5 to 5%
2207:Saturated
2192:Saturated
2161:55 to 83%
1997:sunflower
1969:colza oil
1957:disease."
1868:Olive Oil
1768:olive oil
1756:olive oil
1655:oil lamps
1606:oxidative
1460:, Jaén.
1442:Andalucía
1438:Andalucía
1418:2,407,000
1125:anpeqinon
1113:Geoponica
1020:June 2016
957:lubricant
721:Varieties
677:hydraulic
602:Egyptians
600:Dynastic
433:Aristotle
417:oil lamps
409:medicines
401:Neolithic
339:oil lamps
323:cosmetics
308:tree crop
292:Olive oil
195:Viscosity
29:Olive oil
21:Olive Oyl
11719:Category
11676:Bottarga
11629:Semolina
11614:Couscous
11577:Halloumi
11480:Balearic
11468:Gazpacho
11421:Brandade
11399:Corsican
11364:Venetian
11335:Caponata
11325:Sicilian
11313:Bottarga
11298:Abbamele
11244:Lucanian
11215:Focaccia
11205:Ligurian
11188:Parrozzo
11178:Timballo
11173:Pizzelle
11118:Moussaka
11078:Croatian
11063:Albanian
11041:Paximadi
11019:Bourdeto
10946:Desserts
10925:Northern
10900:Regional
10884:Musakhan
10867:Lebanese
10802:Egyptian
10790:Couscous
10775:Tunisian
10758:Moroccan
10729:Algerian
10721:Maghrebi
10713:Southern
10571:Chutneys
10505:Vinegars
10458:Mostarda
10430:Mustards
10397:Ketchups
10275:Coleslaw
10219:Gomashio
10209:Chipotle
10086:Vegemite
10007:Kyopolou
9799:Tzatziki
9769:Nam chim
9682:XO sauce
9677:Vincotto
9565:Kielecki
9030:Category
8908:Sikitita
8883:Patrinia
8878:Olivière
8858:Meslalla
8838:Kalamata
8828:Grossane
8823:Germaine
8813:Empeltre
8778:Arbosana
8768:Aglandau
8696:See also
8621:Hemp oil
8519:Nut oils
8478:Palm oil
8463:Corn oil
8322:Schmaltz
8317:Duck fat
8252:Tail fat
8237:Dripping
8197:Pancetta
8170:Szalonna
7991:29708409
7948:25274026
7846:Archived
7756:April 5,
7750:Archived
7729:April 5,
7723:Archived
7681:June 21,
7675:Archived
7671:30844154
7627:Archived
7617:(2024).
7601:10894841
7565:10882862
7526:24827255
7518:15256801
7483:25226536
7432:25794752
7389:19079898
7053:18445488
7045:16019622
7010:27559299
6849:March 5,
6724:Aocs.org
6586:15161211
6546:March 5,
6487:Archived
6455:Archived
6450:CBS News
6423:Archived
6396:Archived
6374:CBS News
6347:Archived
6322:April 5,
6316:Archived
6286:Archived
6256:Archived
6125:Archived
5994:Archived
5931:Archived
5901:Archived
5871:Archived
5840:Archived
5807:Archived
5771:Archived
5685:Archived
5659:Archived
5632:17960082
5425:Archived
5364:Archived
5308:Archived
5284:April 6,
5278:Archived
5243:Archived
5219:July 30,
5213:Archived
5193:July 30,
5187:Archived
5157:Archived
5123:Archived
4959:Amar, Z.
4884:Tohoroth
4851:(2015).
4849:Amar, Z.
4792:Owen, T.
4743:(2015).
4741:Amar, Z.
4645:Archived
4594:July 30,
4588:Archived
4568:July 30,
4559:Archived
4536:July 30,
4530:Archived
4504:Archived
4439:Menachot
4419:July 16,
4413:Archived
4388:June 24,
4382:Archived
4355:June 24,
4349:Archived
4289:July 19,
4249:Archived
4216:July 30,
4149:April 3,
4143:Archived
4065:Archived
4042:July 30,
3928:europaea
3926:L. ssp.
3910:23541207
3842:84992505
3707:Olives.
3684:June 25,
3652:Archived
3551:See also
3508:against
3408:calories
3345:Quantity
3284:Quantity
3278:Vitamins
3251:0 g
3157:0 g
3076:family.
2314:Linoleic
2123:squalene
1973:rapeseed
1953:country.
1842:and the
1808:lampante
1724:solvents
1598:oxidized
1481:Florence
1465:Calabria
1454:almazara
1369:106,000
1351:150,000
1347:Portugal
1333:195,000
1315:200,000
1297:210,000
1279:288,900
1261:766,400
1234:Country
1213:extracts
1206:phenolic
881:churches
867:and the
799:sautéing
784:couscous
715:Poseidon
673:trapetum
542:Americas
518:amphorae
498:Carthage
429:gymnasia
425:Spartans
353:cultivar
200:84
84:> 85%
11597:Staples
11584:Maltese
11567:Cypriot
11560:Islands
11497:Catalan
11455:Spanish
11411:Occitan
11404:Brocciu
11379:Risotto
11374:Polenta
11345:Scaccia
11330:Cannoli
11237:Mantuan
11232:Lombard
11225:Ravioli
11210:Ciuppin
11195:Apulian
11130:Italian
11113:Baklava
10989:Stifado
10941:Cheeses
10933:Turkish
10843:Israeli
10820:Kushari
10763:Méchoui
10706:Regions
10453:Kasundi
10448:Karashi
10254:Za'atar
10234:Paprika
10093:Zacuscă
10081:Marmite
10049:Pindjur
9957:Bagoong
9916:Sumbala
9849:Curtido
9837:Chutney
9827:Atchara
9667:Tkemali
9662:Tiparos
9652:Tatbila
9637:Satsivi
9233:Russian
9213:Mayfair
9203:Italian
9040:Commons
8863:Mission
8853:Lucques
8848:Leccino
8338:Blubber
8303:Poultry
8155:Fatback
8057:(PDF),
7939:4198773
7474:4200768
7001:4988453
6212:May 21,
6186:May 20,
6097:July 7,
5861:NAOOA.
5623:6149152
5570:: 1–7.
5530:Bibcode
5498:June 7,
5006:Menahot
4881:Mishnah
4796:288–289
4651:May 24,
4255:May 12,
3999:Bibcode
3964:Haaretz
3822:Bibcode
3401:protein
3318:60.2 μg
3305:14.4 mg
3244:Protein
3217:omega‑6
3212:omega‑3
3108:lignans
3094:tyrosol
3046:tyrosol
2929:Soybean
2896:Soybean
2432:Coconut
2332:Avocado
2224:omega-3
2175:omega-6
2127:sterols
2042:cocaine
1876:Classic
1833:gallons
1614:sensory
1559:acidity
1544:malaxed
1473:Tuscany
1405:93,000
1401:Algeria
1387:95,000
1365:Morocco
1311:Tunisia
1190:biofuel
1186:compost
924:of the
918:Mishkan
916:in the
914:menorah
904:Judaism
873:priests
865:baptism
853:bishops
753:Vinegar
612:in the
576:Galilee
551:Recent
453:to the
435:in his
411:, as a
405:rituals
379:History
310:of the
115:: 15.0%
97:: 70.0%
64:: 13.0%
11664:Shared
11572:Afelia
11524:Paella
11512:Ollada
11490:Tombet
11473:Sherry
11391:French
11352:Tuscan
11108:Yogurt
11055:Balkan
10951:Kebabs
10912:Hummus
10891:Syrian
10872:Kibbeh
10860:Mansaf
10835:Levant
10768:Tajine
10746:Libyan
10741:Berber
10647:Sachet
10370:Tahini
10263:Salads
10071:Wasabi
10059:Caviar
10044:Palapa
10027:Bovril
9977:Chrain
9899:Relish
9832:Cheong
9759:Hummus
9617:Pistou
9560:Kewpie
9535:Kaymak
9485:Caruru
9443:Fondue
9376:Sauces
9223:Peanut
9193:Ginger
9188:French
9183:Caesar
9102:Citrus
8929:Amurca
8922:Topics
8913:Tanche
8898:Sabine
8893:Picual
8873:Oliana
8788:Bosana
8752:Olives
8343:Muktuk
8271:Butter
8247:Tallow
8228:mutton
8207:Tocino
8182:Lardon
8086:
8071:
8046:
8031:
8014:
7989:
7946:
7936:
7669:
7659:
7599:
7563:
7524:
7516:
7481:
7471:
7430:
7395:
7387:
7210:
7051:
7043:
7008:
6998:
6584:
6537:
6482:Forbes
6087:rai.it
6054:May 9,
5630:
5620:
5314:May 8,
5304:GOV.IL
5066:
4979:
4969:
4943:
4911:
4859:
4831:
4751:
4720:
4684:
4674:
4459:
4322:
4312:
4241:
4135:
4110:
3908:
3900:
3840:
3711:
3658:May 6,
3623:
3573:Amurca
3541:stroke
3134:Energy
3097:esters
3092:, are
3062:bitter
3042:esters
2956:13.4:1
2864:Sesame
2855:15.6:1
2818:61.6:1
2794:Peanut
2756:45.5:1
2602:
2399:Canola
2357:12.5:1
2073:Forbes
2067:dollar
1636:virgin
1624:Virgin
1552:pomace
1483:, and
1469:Apulia
1398:
1380:
1362:
1344:
1329:Greece
1326:
1308:
1293:Turkey
1290:
1272:
1254:
1241:tonnes
1163:pomace
1147:words
1137:Arabic
1108:Levant
1048:Israel
910:Jewish
877:altars
857:chrism
845:balsam
764:Olives
711:Athena
707:Athens
661:Empire
618:Sinuhe
606:Canaan
595:Tanakh
591:Aleppo
487:Levant
455:cervix
333:, and
300:olives
178:Liquid
120:: 0.5%
69:: 1.5%
11648:Grape
11636:Olive
11624:Pizza
11619:Pasta
11609:Bread
11604:Wheat
11535:Other
11318:Seada
11266:Roman
11220:Pesto
11146:Pizza
11141:Pasta
11052:Other
11036:Dakos
11031:Crete
10979:Gyros
10971:Greek
10848:Hamin
10810:Duqqa
10751:Bazin
10290:Salsa
10249:Tekka
10176:Syrup
10139:Ponzu
10129:Patis
10066:Tapai
10034:Murri
10012:Maafe
9997:Harif
9947:Ajvar
9749:Hogao
9734:Duqqa
9714:Ajika
9612:Pesto
9607:Pearà
9530:Latik
9520:Gravy
9510:Garum
9480:Crema
9393:Aioli
9228:Ranch
9208:Louis
9171:Types
9104:juice
9082:Salad
9002:India
8986:Orujo
8803:Cayon
8783:Bidni
8414:Fishs
8262:Dairy
8214:Speck
8192:Bacon
8160:Lardo
7967:(PDF)
7522:S2CID
7393:S2CID
7071:(PDF)
7049:S2CID
6697:(PDF)
6686:(PDF)
6646:(PDF)
5810:(PDF)
5799:(PDF)
5560:(PDF)
5518:(PDF)
5492:(PDF)
5481:(PDF)
5102:(PDF)
5085:(PDF)
4935:[
4886:9:1 (
4879:s.v.
4562:(PDF)
4555:(PDF)
4210:(PDF)
4203:(PDF)
4036:(PDF)
4029:(PDF)
3906:JSTOR
3838:S2CID
3621:S2CID
3351:Water
2988:128:1
2920:7.3:1
2888:138:1
2812:0.318
2698:Olive
2656:2.5:1
2589:0.2:1
2557:1.5:1
2450:0.019
2390:419:1
2344:52–66
2325:ratio
2323:ω−6:3
2319:(ω−6)
2310:(ω−3)
2301:Total
2298:(ω−9)
2293:Oleic
2289:Total
2148:ref.
1880:Light
1679:into
1485:Siena
1477:Lucca
1412:World
1383:Syria
1275:Italy
1257:Spain
1182:toxic
1180:, is
1145:Latin
1118:nitre
951:Other
930:Egypt
928:from
788:grape
780:pasta
610:Naxos
580:Haifa
531:Spain
514:Crete
502:Libya
475:Ionia
443:cedar
335:fuels
331:soaps
294:is a
189:0.911
11681:Lamb
11653:Wine
11098:Pita
10994:Feta
10956:Rakı
9864:Gari
9822:Amba
9804:Zhug
9794:Toum
9706:Dips
9248:Wafu
8442:List
8405:Oils
8305:fats
8291:Smen
8281:Ghee
8264:fats
8242:Suet
8230:fats
8224:Beef
8177:Lard
8165:Salo
8138:Fats
8084:ISBN
8069:ISBN
8044:ISBN
8029:ISBN
8012:ISBN
7987:PMID
7944:PMID
7854:2016
7758:2013
7731:2013
7705:2023
7683:2024
7667:PMID
7657:ISBN
7635:2024
7597:PMID
7561:PMID
7514:PMID
7479:PMID
7428:PMID
7385:PMID
7298:2017
7276:2017
7236:2021
7208:ISBN
7163:2017
7141:2017
7119:2017
7097:2017
7041:PMID
7006:PMID
6961:2017
6939:2017
6917:2017
6895:2017
6873:2017
6851:2011
6814:2017
6754:2017
6732:2019
6705:2020
6668:2017
6628:2017
6582:PMID
6548:2022
6535:ISBN
6495:2018
6463:2018
6431:2018
6404:2016
6355:2015
6324:2012
6294:2014
6264:2008
6214:2013
6188:2010
6133:2016
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