2842:
should not increase that level of intake. Within these limits, the intake of foods rich in myristic and palmitic acids should be replaced by fats with a lower content of these particular fatty acids. In developing countries, however, where energy intake for some population groups may be inadequate, energy expenditure is high and body fat stores are low (BMI <18.5 kg/m). The amount and quality of fat supply have to be considered keeping in mind the need to meet energy requirements. Specific sources of saturated fat, such as coconut and palm oil, provide low-cost energy and may be an important source of energy for the poor.
642:
6991:
2917:
6979:
2906:
2888:
for focusing too narrowly on reducing saturated fats rather than emphasizing increased consumption of healthy fats and unrefined carbohydrates. Concern was expressed over the health risks of replacing saturated fats in the diet with refined carbohydrates, which carry a high risk of obesity and heart
2841:
The evidence shows that intake of saturated fatty acids is directly related to cardiovascular risk. The traditional target is to restrict the intake of saturated fatty acids to less than 10% of daily energy intake and less than 7% for high-risk groups. If populations are consuming less than 10%, they
1885:
for cardiovascular diseases. In 2020, the World Health
Organization recommended lowering dietary intake of saturated fats to less than 10% of total energy consumption, and increasing intake of unsaturated fats. There is moderate-quality evidence that reducing the proportion of saturated fat in the
2833:
and saturated fats, in favor of unsaturated fats, are made by the World Health
Organization, American Heart Association, Health Canada, the US Department of Health and Human Services, the UK National Health Service, the UK Scientific Advisory Committee on Nutrition, the Australian Department of
2880:
A 2004 review stated that "no lower safe limit of specific saturated fatty acid intakes has been identified" and recommended that the influence of varying saturated fatty acid intakes against a background of different individual lifestyles and genetic backgrounds should be the focus in future
1893:
found that saturated fat consumption is associated with higher mortality and that replacement of saturated fat with polyunsaturated fat decreases risk of cardiovascular disease events and mortality. In 2019, the UK Scientific
Advisory Committee on Nutrition concluded that higher saturated fat
2896:
In a 2017 comprehensive review of the literature and clinical trials, the
American Heart Association published a recommendation that saturated fat intake be reduced or replaced by products containing monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fats, a dietary adjustment that could reduce the risk of
4209:
Lewington S, Whitlock G, Clarke R, Sherliker P, Emberson J, Halsey J, Qizilbash N, Peto R, Collins R (December 2007). "Blood cholesterol and vascular mortality by age, sex, and blood pressure: a meta-analysis of individual data from 61 prospective studies with 55,000 vascular deaths".
3441:
1963:, among others, that play a role in cardiovascular disease. Different saturated fatty acids have differing effects on various lipid levels. There is strong evidence that lauric, myristic, and palmitic acids raise LDL-C, while stearic acid is more neutral.
203:(-C=C-). A double bond along the carbon chain can react with a pair of hydrogen atoms to change into a single -C-C- bond, with each H atom now bonded to one of the two C atoms. Glyceride fats without any carbon chain double bonds are called
1939:
Meta-analyses have found a significant relationship between saturated fat and serum cholesterol levels. High total cholesterol levels, which may be caused by many factors, are associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease.
3338:
3884:
Kim, Y; Youjin, J; Giovannucii, EL (2021). "Association between dietary fat intake and mortality from all-causes, cardiovascular disease, and cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies".
5592:
Lichtenstein AH, Appel LJ, Brands M, Carnethon M, Daniels S, Franch HA, Franklin B, Kris-Etherton P, Harris WS, Howard B, Karanja N, Lefevre M, Rudel L, Sacks F, Van Horn L, Winston M, Wylie-Rosett J (July 2006).
5324:
6624:
6618:
4418:
2893:
which may have health benefits. None of the panelists recommended heavy consumption of saturated fats, emphasizing instead the importance of overall dietary quality to cardiovascular health.
199:
backbone and fatty acids that each contain a long linear or branched chain of carbon (C) atoms. Along the chain, some carbon atoms are linked by single bonds (-C-C-) and others are linked by
2854:
led the
Association to recommend reducing saturated fat intake to less than 7% of total calories according to its 2006 recommendations. This concurs with similar conclusions made by the US
632:
6564:
3342:
1900:
A 2023 review by the World Health
Organization found convincing evidence that higher saturated fat consumption is associated with higher coronary heart disease incidence and mortality.
3776:"Scientific Opinion on Dietary Reference Values for fats, including saturated fatty acids, polyunsaturated fatty acids, monounsaturated fatty acids, trans fatty acids, and cholesterol"
6689:
3834:
6677:
6558:
6552:
2834:
Health and Aging, the
Singapore Ministry of Health, the Indian Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, the New Zealand Ministry of Health, and Hong Kong's Department of Health.
6588:
3942:"Saturated Fat Intake and the Prevention and Management of Cardiovascular Disease in Adults: An Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics Evidence-based Nutrition Practice Guideline"
6827:
6683:
6546:
1903:
A 2023 review by the
Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics found moderate certainty evidence to support reducing saturated fat intake for reduced risk of CVD and CVD events.
4682:
4598:
6880:
2004:
6534:
6485:
6479:
4986:
Callaway J, Schwab U, Harvima I, Halonen P, Mykkänen O, Hyvönen P, Järvinen T (April 2005). "Efficacy of dietary hempseed oil in patients with atopic dermatitis".
625:
2942:
between two straight lines. "Saturated," in general, refers to a maximum number of hydrogen atoms bonded to each carbon of the polycarbon tail as allowed by the
6540:
3928:"Saturated fat and trans-fat intakes and their replacement with other macronutrients: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective observational studies"
6754:
6714:
6708:
6649:
6522:
6943:
6935:
6916:
6897:
6491:
5484:
5357:
1886:
diet and replacing it with unsaturated fats or carbohydrates for a period of at least two years leads to a reduction in the risk of cardiovascular disease.
6635:
3818:
3745:
6955:
6528:
618:
3653:
Sacks FM, Lichtenstein AH, Wu JH, Appel LJ, Creager MA, Kris-Etherton PM, Miller M, Rimm EB, Rudel LL, Robinson JG, Stone NJ, Van Horn LV (July 2017).
6516:
6510:
5644:"Principles for national and regional guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention: a scientific statement from the World Heart and Stroke Forum"
1897:
A 2021 review found that diets high in saturated fat were associated with higher mortality from all causes, as well as from cardiovascular disease.
3983:
4572:
All values in this table are from this database unless otherwise cited or when italicized as the simple arithmetic sum of other component columns.
2877:
have said that based on the totality of available evidence the saturated fatty acids should make up no more than 10% of total dietary energy.
3055:
5408:
3579:
Kris-Etherton PM, Innis S (September 2007). "Position of the
American Dietetic Association and Dietitians of Canada: Dietary Fatty Acids".
2858:, which determined that reduction in saturated fat consumption would positively affect health and reduce the prevalence of heart disease.
4321:"Saturated Fatty Acid Intake and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes: An Updated Systematic Review and Dose–Response Meta-Analysis of Cohort Studies"
3115:
5642:
Smith SC, Jackson R, Pearson TA, Fuster V, Yusuf S, Faergeman O, Wood DA, Alderman M, Horgan J, Home P, Hunn M, Grundy SM (June 2004).
5570:
4021:
4646:"Changes in dry matter, oil content and fatty acids composition of avocado during harvesting time and post-harvesting ripening period"
5595:"Diet and lifestyle recommendations revision 2006: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association Nutrition Committee"
3705:
5693:
3217:
2855:
3187:
2837:
In 2003, the World Health
Organization (WHO) and Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) expert consultation report concluded:
1890:
3614:
2931:
The two-dimensional illustration has implicit hydrogen atoms bonded to each of the carbon atoms in the polycarbon tail of the
6240:
5729:
5547:
5463:
5174:
4595:
Values from Nutritiondata.com (SR 21) may need to be reconciled with most recent release from the USDA SR 28 as of Sept 2017.
4303:
4270:
3099:
5747:
4583:"Fats and fatty acids contents per 100 g (click for "more details"). Example: Avocado oil (user can search for other oils)"
3137:
5350:
3497:
204:
4802:
5816:(2011). "The Great Fat Debate: A Closer Look at the Controversy—Questioning the Validity of Age-Old Dietary Guidance".
3173:
2850:(CDC) determined that "Americans need to continue working to reduce saturated fat intake…" In addition, reviews by the
1862:
4645:
4103:
3530:
Hooper, Lee; Martin, Nicole; Jimoh, Oluseyi F.; Kirk, Christian; Foster, Eve; Abdelhamid, Asmaa S. (21 August 2020).
5306:
5869:
5513:
5488:
5404:
5412:
3859:
3927:
6156:
5438:
3753:
301:
While nutrition labels regularly combine them, the saturated fatty acids appear in different proportions among
162:
5643:
4605:
7026:
3727:
2999:
2964:
2885:
550:
5686:
5030:
3213:
4708:
3749:
2874:
1866:
3941:
5574:
5434:
4075:
2847:
2068:
2061:
289:, have advocated for reduction in the intake of saturated fat to promote health and reduce the risk from
5707:
5274:
5139:
6969:
5912:
5907:
5292:
5252:
5230:
5212:
5117:
5095:
5073:
5051:
4915:
4893:
4871:
4849:
4827:
4768:
4622:
2851:
1882:
1870:
6760:
5571:"Trends in Intake of Energy, Protein, Carbohydrate, Fat, and Saturated Fat — United States, 1971–2000"
3939:
3655:"Dietary Fats and Cardiovascular Disease: A Presidential Advisory From the American Heart Association"
1894:
consumption is associated with raised blood cholesterol and increased risk of cardiovascular disease.
6233:
286:
1852:
6146:
5534:
3797:
2870:
2115:
1933:
1928:
Abnormal blood lipid levels – high total cholesterol, high levels of triglycerides, high levels of
5378:
4585:. Nutritiondata.com, Conde Nast for the USDA National Nutrient Database, Standard Release 21. 2014
3471:
2884:
Blanket recommendations to lower saturated fat were criticized at a 2010 conference debate of the
6473:
5382:
3731:
2866:
1929:
1878:
136:
3014:
2984:
2969:
2939:
2873:
also advises people to cut down on saturated fat, and to read labels on the food they buy. The
2010:
1922:
1874:
290:
5255:. US National Nutrient Database, Release 28, United States Department of Agriculture. May 2016
5233:. US National Nutrient Database, Release 28, United States Department of Agriculture. May 2016
5120:. US National Nutrient Database, Release 28, United States Department of Agriculture. May 2016
5098:. US National Nutrient Database, Release 28, United States Department of Agriculture. May 2016
5076:. US National Nutrient Database, Release 28, United States Department of Agriculture. May 2016
5054:. US National Nutrient Database, Release 28, United States Department of Agriculture. May 2016
4918:. US National Nutrient Database, Release 28, United States Department of Agriculture. May 2016
4896:. US National Nutrient Database, Release 28, United States Department of Agriculture. May 2016
4874:. US National Nutrient Database, Release 28, United States Department of Agriculture. May 2016
4852:. US National Nutrient Database, Release 28, United States Department of Agriculture. May 2016
4830:. US National Nutrient Database, Release 28, United States Department of Agriculture. May 2016
4771:. US National Nutrient Database, Release 28, United States Department of Agriculture. May 2016
4711:. US National Nutrient Database, Release 28, United States Department of Agriculture. May 2016
4625:. US National Nutrient Database, Release 28, United States Department of Agriculture. May 2016
4053:
1995:, present in plant oils and also in dairy fat, were associated with reduced risk of diabetes.
6784:
6778:
6606:
6600:
6594:
6467:
5578:
4028:
3977:
3019:
2054:
6661:
6655:
4121:"Dietary lipids and blood cholesterol: quantitative meta-analysis of metabolic ward studies"
7011:
6736:
6612:
6437:
6226:
6141:
5917:
5862:
4170:"Systematic review on the risk and benefit of different cholesterol-lowering interventions"
3034:
2097:
227:
75:
4582:
3390:
3364:
2935:
molecule (there are 13 carbon atoms in the tail; 14 carbon atoms in the entire molecule).
8:
2921:
2890:
2020:
341:
Saturated fat profile of common foods; Esterified fatty acids as percentage of total fat
243:
53:
48:
6582:
6570:
5536:
Diet, Nutrition and the Prevention of Chronic Diseases (WHO technical report series 916)
3504:. United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service. Archived from
7021:
6862:
6838:
6795:
6700:
6502:
6136:
5962:
5957:
5952:
5663:
5624:
5052:"Safflower oil, salad or cooking, high oleic, primary commerce, fat composition, 100 g"
5011:
4963:
4938:
4850:"Corn oil, industrial and retail, all purpose salad or cooking, fat composition, 100 g"
4539:
4514:
4495:
4446:
4394:
4369:
4345:
4320:
4235:
4145:
4120:
3965:
3910:
3684:
3556:
3531:
3291:
2974:
1952:
155:
96:
91:
86:
81:
5611:
5594:
4223:
3453:
6949:
6726:
6401:
6377:
6341:
5833:
5795:
5668:
5616:
5543:
5459:
5170:
5003:
4968:
4738:
4544:
4487:
4438:
4399:
4350:
4299:
4276:
4266:
4227:
4191:
4150:
4099:
3969:
3957:
3914:
3902:
3676:
3596:
3561:
3416:
3236:
3191:
3095:
3091:
3084:
124:
5015:
4499:
4450:
4239:
3775:
1936:(HDL) cholesterol – are associated with increased risk of heart disease and stroke.
6995:
6803:
6772:
6643:
6576:
6461:
6425:
6365:
5980:
5825:
5785:
5658:
5606:
5162:
4995:
4958:
4950:
4754:
4750:
4534:
4526:
4477:
4430:
4389:
4381:
4340:
4332:
4258:
4257:. Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology. Vol. 170. Springer. pp. 165–94.
4219:
4181:
4140:
4132:
3949:
3894:
3666:
3621:
3588:
3551:
3547:
3543:
2726:
2328:
1912:
5628:
3688:
7016:
6413:
6395:
6389:
6329:
6305:
6058:
5902:
5855:
5813:
5253:"Soybean oil, salad or cooking, (partially hydrogenated), fat composition, 100 g"
4530:
4434:
3671:
3654:
3316:
3029:
2024:
1976:
1960:
781:
567:
390:
314:
279:
219:
218:. Various foods contain different proportions of saturated and unsaturated. Many
215:
43:
4419:"Dietary fat and breast cancer mortality: A systematic review and meta-analysis"
4385:
6983:
6821:
6766:
6748:
6443:
6371:
6317:
6269:
6197:
6048:
5829:
5509:
5118:"Palm oil, industrial, fully hydrogenated, filling fat, fat composition, 100 g"
4336:
4083:(7th ed.). Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office. December 2010.
3953:
3940:
Johnson SA, Kirkpatrick CF, Miller NH, Carson JAS, Handu D, Moloney L. (2023).
3898:
3592:
3505:
2862:
2390:
2323:
2290:
1483:
749:
255:
4999:
4482:
4465:
2005:
Epidemiology and etiology of breast cancer § Specific dietary fatty acids
7005:
6924:
6905:
6874:
6809:
6742:
6720:
6431:
6419:
6353:
6347:
6335:
6299:
6293:
6076:
6038:
6033:
6018:
5985:
5328:
4136:
2932:
2925:
2910:
2756:
2619:
2457:
2106:
2037:
2014:
1992:
1980:
1858:
1038:
893:
829:
587:
577:
359:
354:
330:
310:
148:
5790:
5773:
5190:
4262:
4186:
4169:
242:. Other examples of foods containing a high proportion of saturated fat and
6852:
6815:
6671:
6449:
6407:
6383:
6359:
6287:
6281:
6275:
6166:
6128:
6091:
6086:
6053:
6043:
5990:
5837:
5799:
5672:
5620:
5007:
4972:
4656:
4606:"USDA Specifications for Vegetable Oil Margarine Effective August 28, 1996"
4548:
4491:
4442:
4403:
4354:
4280:
4231:
3997:
3961:
3906:
3680:
3600:
3565:
3258:
3009:
2979:
2191:
2158:
1984:
1972:
1948:
1918:
1917:
The consumption of saturated fat is generally considered a risk factor for
641:
609:
601:
524:
364:
334:
103:
4736:
4417:
Brennan, SF; Woodside, JV; Lunny, PM; Cardwell, CR; Cantwell, MM. (2017).
4195:
4154:
3159:
2041:
The nutritional values are expressed as percent (%) by mass of total fat.
214:
Most animal fats are saturated. The fats of plants and fish are generally
6868:
6455:
6323:
6311:
6207:
6202:
6192:
6151:
6101:
6096:
6081:
6028:
6023:
6000:
5995:
5295:. US National Nutrient Database, United States Department of Agriculture.
2951:
2947:
2721:
2688:
2357:
2224:
2124:
2075:
1988:
1956:
909:
877:
717:
677:
571:
563:
559:
505:
428:
371:
349:
326:
318:
306:
302:
275:
235:
200:
188:
108:
16:
Fat in which the fatty acid chains have all or predominantly single bonds
4894:"Cottonseed oil, industrial, fully hydrogenated, fat composition, 100 g"
4253:
Thijssen MA, Mensink RP (2005). "Fatty acids and atherosclerotic risk".
3860:"SACN's 'Saturated fats and health' Report | The Nutrition Society"
3319:. United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service
3221:
6846:
6253:
6010:
5972:
5166:
5161:. Vol. 2 (6th ed.). John Wiley & Sons, Inc. p. 465.
4954:
3190:. ChooseMyPlate.gov, US Department of Agriculture. 2015. Archived from
3024:
2943:
2916:
2830:
2789:
2656:
2586:
2085:
1451:
813:
466:
322:
223:
184:
71:
6218:
5157:
Orthoefer FT (2005). "Chapter 10: Rice Bran Oil". In Shahidi F (ed.).
4939:"Grape Seed Oil Compounds: Biological and Chemical Actions for Health"
4319:
Gaeini, Zahra; Bahadoran, Zahra; Mirmiran, Parvin (3 September 2022).
2869:
claims the majority of British people eat too much saturated fat. The
1434:
274:. Certain vegetable products have high saturated fat content, such as
6886:
6068:
5947:
4370:"Meta-Analysis of Saturated Fatty Acid Intake and Breast Cancer Risk"
2994:
2989:
2490:
1643:
1383:
932:
861:
845:
765:
685:
263:
239:
211:
atoms, having no double bonds available to react with more hydrogen.
192:
129:
4936:
3214:"USDA National Nutrient Database for Standard Reference, Release 20"
6978:
6174:
6116:
6111:
4737:
Katragadda HR, Fullana A, Sidhu S, Carbonell-Barrachina ÁA (2010).
3297:. Colorado Springs: University of Colorado, Department of Chemistry
2557:
2524:
2424:
2257:
2023:
have shown that a diet high in saturated fat increases the risk of
1861:
has been extensively studied. Many health authorities, such as the
797:
733:
591:
251:
208:
196:
5847:
4463:
6184:
6106:
3004:
2938:
Carbon atoms are also implicitly drawn, as they are portrayed as
1944:
1810:
1793:
1467:
285:
Guidelines released by many medical organizations, including the
231:
5591:
4208:
4098:(2nd ed.). Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. p. 243.
2905:
1979:
was not associated with dietary intake of total saturated fats,
1612:
1499:
1400:
1366:
1349:
948:
701:
486:
447:
409:
271:
267:
259:
4466:"Dietary Patterns and Breast Cancer Risk: A Systematic Review"
4464:
Dandamudi, A; Tommie, J; Nommsen-Rivers, L; Couch, S. (2018).
3532:"Reduction in saturated fat intake for cardiovascular disease"
2829:
Recommendations to reduce, limit or replace dietary intake of
6249:
5879:
3502:
National Nutrient Database for Standard Reference, Release 26
2954:) will be present between adjacent carbon atoms of the tail.
1417:
4985:
4937:
Garavaglia J, Markoski MM, Oliveira A, Marcadenti A (2016).
4916:"Linseed/Flaxseed oil, cold pressed, fat composition, 100 g"
4567:
4416:
4683:"What is unrefined, extra virgin cold-pressed avocado oil?"
4298:(Seventh ed.). Boston: Cengage Learning. p. 153.
2909:
Two-dimensional representation of the saturated fatty acid
1007:
605:
595:
581:
247:
29:
4872:"Cottonseed oil, salad or cooking, fat composition, 100 g"
4739:"Emissions of volatile aldehydes from heated cooking oils"
5931:
5926:
5641:
4118:
3819:"Evidence Check: Dietary fats and cardiovascular disease"
180:
25:
4680:
4119:
Clarke R, Frost C, Collins R, Appleby P, Peto R (1997).
4022:"Diet, Nutrition and the Prevention of Chronic Diseases"
3746:"Nutrition Facts at a Glance – Nutrients: Saturated Fat"
3652:
2013:
have found that saturated fat intake is associated with
313:
acids are most commonly found in "tropical" oils (e.g.,
5231:"Soybean oil, salad or cooking, fat composition, 100 g"
4515:"Dietary factors and risk for advanced prostate cancer"
4318:
3700:
3698:
6967:
5358:
United States Department of Health and Human Services
5074:"Olive oil, salad or cooking, fat composition, 100 g"
3930:. World Health Organization. Retrieved 16 March 2023.
3529:
3339:"Basic Report: 04042, Oil, peanut, salad or cooking"
234:
are high in saturated fat content. Some store-bought
4570:. United States Department of Agriculture. May 2016.
4512:
4167:
3883:
3695:
544:
5542:. World Health Organization. 2003. pp. 81–94.
4513:Gathirua-Mwangi, Wambui G.; Zhang, Jianjun (2014).
4168:Bucher HC, Griffith LE, Guyatt GH (February 1999).
3840:. Scientific Advisory Committee on Nutrition (SACN)
3081:
1921:, which in turn is a risk factor for some types of
195:is made of two kinds of smaller molecules: a short
4174:Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology
3578:
3140:. Harvard University School of Public Health. 2014
3083:
1827:Unless else specified in boxes, then reference is:
321:) and dairy products. The saturated fat in meat,
4681:Wong M, Requejo-Jackman C, Woolf A (April 2010).
4562:
4560:
4558:
4027:. World Health Organization. 2003. Archived from
3946:Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics
3241:Journal of Bioresource Engineering and Technology
7003:
4093:
4252:
3778:. European Food Safety Authority. 25 March 2010
1881:, among others, advise that saturated fat is a
555:Some common examples of saturated fatty acids:
4555:
4423:Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition
3821:. saxinstitute.org. Retrieved 25 October 2023.
3620:. British Dietetic Association. Archived from
3442:USDA Basic Report Cream, fluid, heavy whipping
3317:"NDL/FNIC Food Composition Database Home Page"
6234:
5863:
5771:
4202:
3138:"Top food sources of saturated fat in the US"
3090:. San Francisco: Benjamin Cummings. pp.
626:
156:
5818:Journal of the American Dietetic Association
5409:National Health and Medical Research Council
4643:
4367:
4096:Critical Pathways in Cardiovascular Medicine
3982:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
3581:Journal of the American Dietetic Association
1841:
191:between the carbon atoms. A fat known as a
4568:"US National Nutrient Database, Release 28"
3536:The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
3285:
3283:
3281:
3279:
3277:
3275:
1889:A 2017 review by the Sax Institute for the
6241:
6227:
5870:
5856:
4655:. Elsevier. pp. 79–83. Archived from
4161:
3800:. World Health Organization. 29 April 2020
3648:
3646:
3644:
3642:
3077:
3075:
2824:
1607:Fats added during cooking or at the table
633:
619:
163:
149:
5789:
5662:
5610:
5156:
4962:
4538:
4481:
4393:
4344:
4185:
4144:
3670:
3555:
3292:"Fatty acid composition of fats and oils"
1846:
580:with 14 carbon atoms (contained in cow's
258:made with whole or reduced fat milk like
238:are as well, especially those containing
5772:German JB, Dillard CJ (September 2004).
5159:Bailey's Industrial Oil and Fat Products
4709:"Brazil nut oil, fat composition, 100 g"
4368:Xia, H; Ma, S; Wang, S; Sun, G. (2015).
4246:
3272:
3160:"Saturated, Unsaturated, and Trans Fats"
2915:
2904:
2900:
2889:disease, particularly at the expense of
604:with 18 carbon atoms (also contained in
6248:
5694:United States Department of Agriculture
5150:
4988:The Journal of Dermatological Treatment
4796:
4794:
4792:
4790:
4788:
4786:
4296:Advanced Nutrition and Human Metabolism
4293:
3829:
3827:
3639:
3572:
3218:United States Department of Agriculture
3072:
2856:Department of Health and Human Services
7004:
5812:
5778:American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
5774:"Saturated fats: what dietary intake?"
5765:
4803:"Where There's Smoke, There's a Fryer"
4732:
4730:
4728:
4726:
4077:Dietary Guidelines for Americans, 2010
1891:National Heart Foundation of Australia
6222:
5851:
5464:Ministry of Health and Family Welfare
4828:"Coconut oil, fat composition, 100 g"
4800:
4623:"Avocado oil, fat composition, 100 g"
4519:European Journal of Cancer Prevention
3708:. World Heart Federation. 30 May 2017
3706:"Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors"
3525:
3523:
3234:
2060:
5748:"Fat - British Nutrition Foundation"
5679:
5293:"Walnut oil, fat composition, 100 g"
4783:
4769:"Canola oil, fat composition, 100 g"
4689:. The American Oil Chemists' Society
3824:
3391:"Oil, vegetable safflower, linoleic"
3309:
3289:
3082:Reece, Jane; Campbell, Neil (2002).
246:include animal fat products such as
5877:
5527:
5299:
4930:
4723:
3738:
3720:
3607:
3237:"Cocoa Butter and its Alternatives"
3176:. American Heart Association. 2020.
3166:
1943:There are other pathways involving
590:with 16 carbon atoms (contained in
562:with 12 carbon atoms (contained in
13:
6625:6,9,12,15,18,21-Tetracosahexaenoic
5687:"Dietary Guidelines for Americans"
5664:10.1161/01.CIR.0000133427.35111.67
5325:"Choosing foods with healthy fats"
5096:"Palm oil, fat composition, 100 g"
5040:. The Vegetarian Health Institute.
5028:
3752:. 22 December 2009. Archived from
3520:
3498:"09038, Avocados, raw, California"
3118:. American Heart Association. 2014
3108:
2030:
1966:
1863:Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics
1853:Cardiovascular disease § Diet
670:As weight percent (%) of total fat
640:
329:is primarily the triglycerides of
207:because they are "saturated with"
14:
7038:
6619:9,12,15,18,21-Tetracosapentaenoic
5612:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.106.176158
3458:The Goose Fat Information Service
3365:"Oil, vegetable safflower, oleic"
2846:A 2004 statement released by the
2035:
545:Examples of saturated fatty acids
6989:
6977:
4943:Nutrition and Metabolic Insights
2897:cardiovascular diseases by 30%.
5806:
5740:
5722:
5700:
5635:
5585:
5563:
5502:
5485:"Making healthier food choices"
5477:
5452:
5427:
5413:Department of Health and Ageing
5397:
5371:
5343:
5317:
5285:
5267:
5245:
5223:
5213:"Oil, sesame, salad or cooking"
5205:
5183:
5132:
5110:
5088:
5066:
5044:
5022:
4979:
4908:
4886:
4864:
4842:
4820:
4761:
4701:
4674:
4637:
4615:
4575:
4506:
4457:
4410:
4361:
4312:
4287:
4255:Atherosclerosis: Diet and Drugs
4112:
4087:
4068:
4046:
4014:
3990:
3933:
3921:
3877:
3852:
3812:
3790:
3768:
3615:"Food Fact Sheet - Cholesterol"
3490:
3464:
3446:
3435:
3409:
3383:
3357:
3331:
3048:
1906:
1857:The effect of saturated fat on
296:
6157:Dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine
4755:10.1016/j.foodchem.2009.09.070
3548:10.1002/14651858.CD011737.pub3
3251:
3228:
3206:
3180:
3152:
3130:
1:
4224:10.1016/S0140-6736(07)61778-4
3065:
3000:Advanced glycation endproduct
2965:List of saturated fatty acids
2946:. This also means that only
2886:American Dietetic Association
551:List of saturated fatty acids
5351:"Cut Down on Saturated Fats"
4531:10.1097/CEJ.0b013e3283647394
4435:10.1080/10408398.2012.724481
3948:. S2212-2672 (23): 01285–6.
3750:Food and Drug Administration
3672:10.1161/CIR.0000000000000510
2924:of the saturated fatty acid
2875:British Nutrition Foundation
1867:British Dietetic Association
7:
5575:Centers for Disease Control
4644:Ozdemir F, Topuz A (2004).
4386:10.1097/MD.0000000000002391
4294:Gropper, Sareen S. (2018).
4125:BMJ (Clinical Research Ed.)
4094:Cannon C, O'Gara P (2007).
3998:"Position Statement on Fat"
3835:"Saturated Fats and Health"
3417:"Oil, vegetable, sunflower"
3259:"Thrive Culinary Algae Oil"
2957:
2848:Centers for Disease Control
240:partially hydrogenated oils
10:
7043:
5913:Polyunsaturated fatty acid
5908:Monounsaturated fatty acid
5830:10.1016/j.jada.2011.03.026
3954:10.1016/j.jand.2023.07.017
3899:10.1016/j.clnu.2020.07.007
3593:10.1016/j.jada.2007.07.024
3162:. choosemyplate.gov. 2020.
2852:American Heart Association
2818:160 °C (320 °F)
2784:227 °C (440 °F)
2716:238 °C (460 °F)
2651:232 °C (450 °F)
2614:232 °C (450 °F)
2552:235 °C (455 °F)
2519:193 °C (380 °F)
2485:212 °C (414 °F)
2452:166 °C (330 °F)
2419:216 °C (421 °F)
2385:107 °C (225 °F)
2318:216 °C (420 °F)
2285:232 °C (450 °F)
2252:175 °C (347 °F)
2219:204 °C (400 °F)
2186:208 °C (406 °F)
2153:250 °C (482 °F)
2002:
1910:
1871:American Heart Association
1850:
548:
6934:
6915:
6896:
6837:
6794:
6699:
6634:
6501:
6260:
6183:
6165:
6147:Phosphatidyl ethanolamine
6127:
6067:
6009:
5971:
5940:
5886:
5435:"Getting the Fats Right!"
5000:10.1080/09546630510035832
4483:10.21873/anticanres.12586
3798:"Healthy diet: key facts"
2084:
2074:
2067:
2053:
2048:
2045:
1998:
1842:Association with diseases
1832:
1825:
1785:
1606:
1515:
1341:
1054:
924:
846:Safflower oil, high oleic
675:
668:
650:
287:World Health Organization
6678:7,10,13-Octadecatrienoic
5734:British Heart Foundation
5708:"Eat less saturated fat"
4801:Wolke RL (16 May 2007).
4337:10.1093/advances/nmac071
4137:10.1136/bmj.314.7074.112
4056:. Irish Heart Foundation
3864:www.nutritionsociety.org
3056:Food pyramid (nutrition)
3041:
2871:British Heart Foundation
2458:High-oleic safflower oil
1934:high-density lipoprotein
1272:Grilled chicken sandwich
1258:Breaded chicken sandwich
5710:. Nhs.uk. 26 March 2020
5383:National Health Service
4263:10.1007/3-540-27661-0_5
4187:10.1161/01.atv.19.2.187
3732:National Health Service
3472:"Egg, yolk, raw, fresh"
2867:National Health Service
2825:Dietary recommendations
1975:found that the risk of
1932:(LDL) or low levels of
1930:low-density lipoprotein
1879:National Health Service
1772:Dressing, light Italian
1244:Cheeseburger, fast food
862:Safflower oil, linoleic
291:cardiovascular diseases
137:Fat interesterification
6828:7,10,13-Eicosatrienoic
6684:9,12,15-Eicosatrienoic
5577:. 2004. Archived from
5031:"Smoke points of oils"
3454:"Nutrition And Health"
3341:. USDA. Archived from
3220:. 2007. Archived from
3015:Framingham Heart Study
2985:Diet and heart disease
2970:List of vegetable oils
2928:
2913:
2844:
2727:partially hydrogenated
1923:cardiovascular disease
1875:World Heart Federation
1847:Cardiovascular disease
1565:Cookie, chocolate chip
1551:Cookie, oatmeal raisin
1517:Sweets and baked goods
645:
5791:10.1093/ajcn/80.3.550
5510:"Know More about Fat"
5307:"Smoke Point of Oils"
4325:Advances in Nutrition
3235:Kumar, Vijay (2014).
3058:for more information.
3020:Seven Countries Study
2919:
2908:
2901:Molecular description
2839:
2021:Observational studies
2003:Further information:
1758:Dressing, blue cheese
644:
7027:Edible oil chemistry
6142:Phosphatidylinositol
5918:Essential fatty acid
5752:www.nutrition.org.uk
5514:Department of Health
5215:. FoodData Central.
3035:Western pattern diet
2891:polyunsaturated fats
2017:risk and mortality.
2011:case–control studies
1957:endothelial function
1674:Margarine, light tub
1523:Candy, chocolate bar
76:Essential fatty acid
5581:on 1 December 2008.
5415:. 24 September 2012
5381:. United Kingdom's
4807:The Washington Post
4470:Anticancer Research
3627:on 22 November 2010
2922:space-filling model
2042:
2009:Several reviews of
1953:insulin sensitivity
1174:Fish, orange roughy
584:and dairy products)
342:
244:dietary cholesterol
54:Polyunsaturated fat
49:Monounsaturated fat
6881:8,11-Eicosadienoic
6761:Dihomo-γ-linolenic
6690:β-Eicosatetraenoic
6589:Dihomo-α-linolenic
6474:Heptatriacontanoic
6137:Phosphatidylserine
5963:Omega−9 fatty acid
5958:Omega−6 fatty acid
5953:Omega−3 fatty acid
5489:Ministry of Health
5439:Ministry of Health
5311:Baseline of Health
5275:"FoodData Central"
5193:. RITO Partnership
5167:10.1002/047167849X
4955:10.4137/NMI.S32910
4662:on 16 January 2020
3887:Clinical Nutrition
3756:on 28 January 2010
3508:on 10 January 2014
3188:"What are "oils"?"
2975:Food guide pyramid
2929:
2914:
1834:* 3% is trans fats
1537:Candy, fruit chews
979:Ice cream, gourmet
646:
570:, cow's milk, and
340:
254:, fatty meats and
6965:
6964:
6486:Nonatriacontanoic
6480:Octatriacontanoic
6216:
6215:
5549:978-92-4-120916-8
5331:. 10 October 2018
5176:978-0-471-38552-3
4429:(10): 1999–2008.
4305:978-1-305-62785-7
4272:978-3-540-22569-0
4218:(9602): 1829–39.
3587:(9): 1599–1611 .
3476:nutritiondata.com
3421:nutritiondata.com
3395:nutritiondata.com
3369:nutritiondata.com
3101:978-0-8053-6624-2
2822:
2821:
1971:A 2022 review of
1839:
1838:
1230:Burger, fast food
542:
541:
173:
172:
125:Fat hydrogenation
117:Manufactured fats
7034:
6994:
6993:
6992:
6982:
6981:
6973:
6936:ω−12 Unsaturated
6917:ω−11 Unsaturated
6898:ω−10 Unsaturated
6601:Eicosapentaenoic
6595:Eicosatetraenoic
6559:Palmitolinolenic
6553:Myristolinolenic
6468:Hexatriacontylic
6243:
6236:
6229:
6220:
6219:
5981:Arachidonic acid
5872:
5865:
5858:
5849:
5848:
5842:
5841:
5810:
5804:
5803:
5793:
5769:
5763:
5762:
5760:
5758:
5744:
5738:
5737:
5730:"Fats explained"
5726:
5720:
5719:
5717:
5715:
5704:
5698:
5697:
5691:
5683:
5677:
5676:
5666:
5648:
5639:
5633:
5632:
5614:
5589:
5583:
5582:
5567:
5561:
5560:
5558:
5556:
5541:
5531:
5525:
5524:
5522:
5520:
5506:
5500:
5499:
5497:
5495:
5487:. New Zealand's
5481:
5475:
5474:
5472:
5470:
5456:
5450:
5449:
5447:
5445:
5431:
5425:
5424:
5422:
5420:
5401:
5395:
5394:
5392:
5390:
5379:"Fat: the facts"
5375:
5369:
5368:
5366:
5364:
5355:
5347:
5341:
5340:
5338:
5336:
5321:
5315:
5314:
5313:. Jonbarron.org.
5303:
5297:
5296:
5289:
5283:
5282:
5279:fdc.nal.usda.gov
5271:
5265:
5264:
5262:
5260:
5249:
5243:
5242:
5240:
5238:
5227:
5221:
5220:
5217:fdc.nal.usda.gov
5209:
5203:
5202:
5200:
5198:
5187:
5181:
5180:
5154:
5148:
5147:
5144:FoodData Central
5136:
5130:
5129:
5127:
5125:
5114:
5108:
5107:
5105:
5103:
5092:
5086:
5085:
5083:
5081:
5070:
5064:
5063:
5061:
5059:
5048:
5042:
5041:
5035:
5026:
5020:
5019:
4983:
4977:
4976:
4966:
4934:
4928:
4927:
4925:
4923:
4912:
4906:
4905:
4903:
4901:
4890:
4884:
4883:
4881:
4879:
4868:
4862:
4861:
4859:
4857:
4846:
4840:
4839:
4837:
4835:
4824:
4818:
4817:
4815:
4813:
4798:
4781:
4780:
4778:
4776:
4765:
4759:
4758:
4734:
4721:
4720:
4718:
4716:
4705:
4699:
4698:
4696:
4694:
4678:
4672:
4671:
4669:
4667:
4661:
4650:
4641:
4635:
4634:
4632:
4630:
4619:
4613:
4612:
4610:
4602:
4596:
4594:
4592:
4590:
4579:
4573:
4571:
4564:
4553:
4552:
4542:
4510:
4504:
4503:
4485:
4476:(6): 3209–3222.
4461:
4455:
4454:
4414:
4408:
4407:
4397:
4365:
4359:
4358:
4348:
4331:(6): 2125–2135.
4316:
4310:
4309:
4291:
4285:
4284:
4250:
4244:
4243:
4206:
4200:
4199:
4189:
4165:
4159:
4158:
4148:
4116:
4110:
4109:
4091:
4085:
4084:
4082:
4072:
4066:
4065:
4063:
4061:
4050:
4044:
4043:
4041:
4039:
4033:
4026:
4018:
4012:
4011:
4009:
4007:
4002:
3994:
3988:
3987:
3981:
3973:
3937:
3931:
3925:
3919:
3918:
3893:(3): 1060–1070.
3881:
3875:
3874:
3872:
3870:
3856:
3850:
3849:
3847:
3845:
3839:
3831:
3822:
3816:
3810:
3809:
3807:
3805:
3794:
3788:
3787:
3785:
3783:
3772:
3766:
3765:
3763:
3761:
3742:
3736:
3735:
3734:. 14 April 2020.
3728:"Fat: the facts"
3724:
3718:
3717:
3715:
3713:
3702:
3693:
3692:
3674:
3650:
3637:
3636:
3634:
3632:
3626:
3619:
3611:
3605:
3604:
3576:
3570:
3569:
3559:
3527:
3518:
3517:
3515:
3513:
3494:
3488:
3487:
3485:
3483:
3468:
3462:
3461:
3450:
3444:
3439:
3433:
3432:
3430:
3428:
3413:
3407:
3406:
3404:
3402:
3387:
3381:
3380:
3378:
3376:
3361:
3355:
3354:
3352:
3350:
3335:
3329:
3328:
3326:
3324:
3313:
3307:
3306:
3304:
3302:
3296:
3287:
3270:
3269:
3267:
3265:
3255:
3249:
3248:
3232:
3226:
3225:
3210:
3204:
3203:
3201:
3199:
3184:
3178:
3177:
3170:
3164:
3163:
3156:
3150:
3149:
3147:
3145:
3134:
3128:
3127:
3125:
3123:
3116:"Saturated fats"
3112:
3106:
3105:
3089:
3079:
3059:
3054:See the article
3052:
2358:Flaxseed/linseed
2043:
2034:
1913:Lipid hypothesis
1835:
1828:
1160:Turkey drumstick
993:Ice cream, light
671:
648:
647:
635:
628:
621:
343:
339:
228:hydrogenated oil
187:chains have all
165:
158:
151:
21:
20:
7042:
7041:
7037:
7036:
7035:
7033:
7032:
7031:
7002:
7001:
7000:
6990:
6988:
6976:
6968:
6966:
6961:
6930:
6911:
6892:
6839:ω−9 Unsaturated
6833:
6796:ω−7 Unsaturated
6790:
6755:Dihomo-linoleic
6715:12-Octadecenoic
6709:8-Tetradecenoic
6701:ω−6 Unsaturated
6695:
6650:Palmitovaccenic
6636:ω−5 Unsaturated
6630:
6613:Docosahexaenoic
6547:Myristolinoleic
6541:Myristovaccenic
6503:ω−3 Unsaturated
6497:
6438:Hentriacontylic
6256:
6247:
6217:
6212:
6198:Corticosteroids
6179:
6161:
6123:
6063:
6059:Lignoceric acid
6005:
5967:
5936:
5903:Unsaturated fat
5882:
5876:
5846:
5845:
5811:
5807:
5770:
5766:
5756:
5754:
5746:
5745:
5741:
5728:
5727:
5723:
5713:
5711:
5706:
5705:
5701:
5689:
5685:
5684:
5680:
5657:(25): 3112–21.
5646:
5640:
5636:
5590:
5586:
5569:
5568:
5564:
5554:
5552:
5550:
5539:
5533:
5532:
5528:
5518:
5516:
5508:
5507:
5503:
5493:
5491:
5483:
5482:
5478:
5468:
5466:
5458:
5457:
5453:
5443:
5441:
5433:
5432:
5428:
5418:
5416:
5403:
5402:
5398:
5388:
5386:
5385:. 27 April 2018
5377:
5376:
5372:
5362:
5360:
5353:
5349:
5348:
5344:
5334:
5332:
5323:
5322:
5318:
5305:
5304:
5300:
5291:
5290:
5286:
5273:
5272:
5268:
5258:
5256:
5251:
5250:
5246:
5236:
5234:
5229:
5228:
5224:
5219:. 1 April 2019.
5211:
5210:
5206:
5196:
5194:
5191:"Rice bran oil"
5189:
5188:
5184:
5177:
5155:
5151:
5138:
5137:
5133:
5123:
5121:
5116:
5115:
5111:
5101:
5099:
5094:
5093:
5089:
5079:
5077:
5072:
5071:
5067:
5057:
5055:
5050:
5049:
5045:
5033:
5027:
5023:
4984:
4980:
4935:
4931:
4921:
4919:
4914:
4913:
4909:
4899:
4897:
4892:
4891:
4887:
4877:
4875:
4870:
4869:
4865:
4855:
4853:
4848:
4847:
4843:
4833:
4831:
4826:
4825:
4821:
4811:
4809:
4799:
4784:
4774:
4772:
4767:
4766:
4762:
4735:
4724:
4714:
4712:
4707:
4706:
4702:
4692:
4690:
4679:
4675:
4665:
4663:
4659:
4648:
4642:
4638:
4628:
4626:
4621:
4620:
4616:
4608:
4604:
4603:
4599:
4588:
4586:
4581:
4580:
4576:
4566:
4565:
4556:
4511:
4507:
4462:
4458:
4415:
4411:
4366:
4362:
4317:
4313:
4306:
4292:
4288:
4273:
4251:
4247:
4207:
4203:
4166:
4162:
4131:(7074): 112–7.
4117:
4113:
4106:
4092:
4088:
4080:
4074:
4073:
4069:
4059:
4057:
4052:
4051:
4047:
4037:
4035:
4034:on 4 April 2003
4031:
4024:
4020:
4019:
4015:
4005:
4003:
4000:
3996:
3995:
3991:
3975:
3974:
3938:
3934:
3926:
3922:
3882:
3878:
3868:
3866:
3858:
3857:
3853:
3843:
3841:
3837:
3833:
3832:
3825:
3817:
3813:
3803:
3801:
3796:
3795:
3791:
3781:
3779:
3774:
3773:
3769:
3759:
3757:
3744:
3743:
3739:
3726:
3725:
3721:
3711:
3709:
3704:
3703:
3696:
3651:
3640:
3630:
3628:
3624:
3617:
3613:
3612:
3608:
3577:
3573:
3542:(8): CD011737.
3528:
3521:
3511:
3509:
3496:
3495:
3491:
3481:
3479:
3470:
3469:
3465:
3452:
3451:
3447:
3440:
3436:
3426:
3424:
3415:
3414:
3410:
3400:
3398:
3389:
3388:
3384:
3374:
3372:
3363:
3362:
3358:
3348:
3346:
3345:on 9 March 2016
3337:
3336:
3332:
3322:
3320:
3315:
3314:
3310:
3300:
3298:
3294:
3288:
3273:
3263:
3261:
3257:
3256:
3252:
3233:
3229:
3224:on 4 June 2012.
3212:
3211:
3207:
3197:
3195:
3186:
3185:
3181:
3174:"Saturated Fat"
3172:
3171:
3167:
3158:
3157:
3153:
3143:
3141:
3136:
3135:
3131:
3121:
3119:
3114:
3113:
3109:
3102:
3080:
3073:
3068:
3063:
3062:
3053:
3049:
3044:
3039:
3030:D. Mark Hegsted
2960:
2903:
2827:
2138:
2117:
2111:
2109:
2102:
2100:
2090:
2088:
2071:
2069:Polyunsaturated
2064:
2062:Monounsaturated
2057:
2050:
2040:
2033:
2031:Dietary sources
2025:prostate cancer
2007:
2001:
1977:type 2 diabetes
1969:
1967:Type 2 diabetes
1961:thrombogenicity
1915:
1909:
1855:
1849:
1844:
1833:
1826:
1629:Butter, whipped
1484:Sunflower seeds
1300:Sausage, turkey
1286:Sausage, Polish
1216:Hot dog, turkey
782:Palm kernel oil
669:
663:
658:
639:
568:palm kernel oil
553:
547:
391:Palm kernel oil
299:
280:palm kernel oil
220:processed foods
169:
44:Unsaturated fat
17:
12:
11:
5:
7040:
7030:
7029:
7024:
7019:
7014:
6999:
6998:
6986:
6963:
6962:
6960:
6959:
6953:
6947:
6944:4-Hexadecenoic
6940:
6938:
6932:
6931:
6929:
6928:
6921:
6919:
6913:
6912:
6910:
6909:
6902:
6900:
6894:
6893:
6891:
6890:
6884:
6878:
6872:
6866:
6860:
6850:
6843:
6841:
6835:
6834:
6832:
6831:
6825:
6819:
6813:
6807:
6800:
6798:
6792:
6791:
6789:
6788:
6782:
6776:
6770:
6764:
6758:
6752:
6746:
6740:
6734:
6724:
6718:
6712:
6705:
6703:
6697:
6696:
6694:
6693:
6687:
6681:
6675:
6669:
6659:
6653:
6647:
6640:
6638:
6632:
6631:
6629:
6628:
6622:
6616:
6610:
6604:
6598:
6592:
6586:
6580:
6574:
6568:
6562:
6556:
6550:
6544:
6538:
6532:
6526:
6520:
6514:
6507:
6505:
6499:
6498:
6496:
6495:
6492:Tetracontanoic
6489:
6483:
6477:
6471:
6465:
6459:
6453:
6447:
6441:
6435:
6429:
6423:
6417:
6411:
6405:
6399:
6393:
6387:
6381:
6375:
6369:
6363:
6357:
6351:
6345:
6339:
6333:
6327:
6321:
6315:
6309:
6303:
6297:
6291:
6285:
6279:
6273:
6266:
6264:
6258:
6257:
6246:
6245:
6238:
6231:
6223:
6214:
6213:
6211:
6210:
6205:
6200:
6195:
6189:
6187:
6181:
6180:
6178:
6177:
6171:
6169:
6163:
6162:
6160:
6159:
6154:
6149:
6144:
6139:
6133:
6131:
6125:
6124:
6122:
6121:
6120:
6119:
6114:
6109:
6104:
6099:
6094:
6084:
6079:
6073:
6071:
6065:
6064:
6062:
6061:
6056:
6051:
6049:Arachidic acid
6046:
6041:
6036:
6031:
6026:
6021:
6015:
6013:
6007:
6006:
6004:
6003:
5998:
5993:
5988:
5986:Prostaglandins
5983:
5977:
5975:
5969:
5968:
5966:
5965:
5960:
5955:
5950:
5944:
5942:
5938:
5937:
5935:
5934:
5929:
5920:
5915:
5910:
5905:
5900:
5890:
5888:
5884:
5883:
5875:
5874:
5867:
5860:
5852:
5844:
5843:
5824:(5): 655–658.
5805:
5784:(3): 550–559.
5764:
5739:
5721:
5699:
5678:
5634:
5584:
5562:
5548:
5526:
5512:. Hong Kong's
5501:
5476:
5451:
5437:. Singapore's
5426:
5407:. Australia's
5396:
5370:
5342:
5316:
5298:
5284:
5266:
5244:
5222:
5204:
5182:
5175:
5149:
5131:
5109:
5087:
5065:
5043:
5021:
4978:
4929:
4907:
4885:
4863:
4841:
4819:
4782:
4760:
4743:Food Chemistry
4722:
4700:
4673:
4653:Food Chemistry
4636:
4614:
4597:
4574:
4554:
4505:
4456:
4409:
4360:
4311:
4304:
4286:
4271:
4245:
4201:
4180:(2): 187–195.
4160:
4111:
4104:
4086:
4067:
4045:
4013:
3989:
3932:
3920:
3876:
3851:
3823:
3811:
3789:
3767:
3737:
3719:
3694:
3638:
3606:
3571:
3519:
3489:
3463:
3445:
3434:
3408:
3382:
3356:
3330:
3308:
3271:
3250:
3227:
3205:
3194:on 9 June 2015
3179:
3165:
3151:
3129:
3107:
3100:
3070:
3069:
3067:
3064:
3061:
3060:
3046:
3045:
3043:
3040:
3038:
3037:
3032:
3027:
3022:
3017:
3012:
3007:
3002:
2997:
2992:
2987:
2982:
2977:
2972:
2967:
2961:
2959:
2956:
2902:
2899:
2863:United Kingdom
2826:
2823:
2820:
2819:
2816:
2813:
2810:
2807:
2804:
2801:
2798:
2795:
2792:
2786:
2785:
2782:
2779:
2776:
2773:
2770:
2767:
2764:
2761:
2759:
2753:
2752:
2750:
2747:
2744:
2741:
2738:
2735:
2732:
2729:
2724:
2718:
2717:
2714:
2711:
2708:
2705:
2702:
2699:
2696:
2693:
2691:
2685:
2684:
2682:
2679:
2676:
2673:
2670:
2667:
2664:
2661:
2659:
2653:
2652:
2649:
2646:
2643:
2640:
2635:
2632:
2627:
2624:
2622:
2616:
2615:
2612:
2609:
2606:
2603:
2600:
2597:
2594:
2591:
2589:
2583:
2582:
2580:
2578:
2576:
2574:
2571:
2569:
2566:
2563:
2560:
2554:
2553:
2550:
2547:
2544:
2541:
2538:
2535:
2532:
2529:
2527:
2521:
2520:
2517:
2514:
2511:
2508:
2505:
2502:
2499:
2496:
2494:
2493:(extra virgin)
2487:
2486:
2483:
2480:
2477:
2474:
2471:
2468:
2465:
2462:
2460:
2454:
2453:
2450:
2447:
2444:
2441:
2438:
2435:
2432:
2429:
2427:
2421:
2420:
2417:
2414:
2411:
2408:
2405:
2402:
2399:
2396:
2393:
2387:
2386:
2383:
2380:
2377:
2374:
2371:
2368:
2365:
2362:
2360:
2354:
2353:
2351:
2348:
2345:
2342:
2339:
2337:
2334:
2331:
2326:
2320:
2319:
2316:
2313:
2310:
2307:
2304:
2301:
2298:
2295:
2293:
2287:
2286:
2283:
2280:
2277:
2274:
2271:
2268:
2265:
2262:
2260:
2254:
2253:
2250:
2247:
2244:
2241:
2238:
2235:
2232:
2229:
2227:
2221:
2220:
2217:
2214:
2211:
2208:
2205:
2202:
2199:
2196:
2194:
2188:
2187:
2184:
2181:
2178:
2175:
2172:
2169:
2166:
2163:
2161:
2155:
2154:
2151:
2148:
2145:
2142:
2139:
2135:
2132:
2129:
2127:
2121:
2120:
2113:
2104:
2095:
2092:
2083:
2079:
2078:
2073:
2066:
2059:
2052:
2047:
2038:vegetable oils
2036:Properties of
2032:
2029:
2000:
1997:
1973:cohort studies
1968:
1965:
1908:
1905:
1877:, the British
1848:
1845:
1843:
1840:
1837:
1836:
1830:
1829:
1823:
1822:
1819:
1816:
1813:
1807:
1806:
1803:
1800:
1797:
1790:
1789:
1783:
1782:
1779:
1776:
1773:
1769:
1768:
1765:
1762:
1759:
1755:
1754:
1751:
1748:
1745:
1741:
1740:
1737:
1734:
1731:
1727:
1726:
1723:
1720:
1717:
1713:
1712:
1709:
1706:
1703:
1699:
1698:
1695:
1692:
1689:
1685:
1684:
1681:
1678:
1675:
1671:
1670:
1667:
1664:
1661:
1660:Margarine, tub
1657:
1656:
1653:
1650:
1647:
1640:
1639:
1636:
1633:
1630:
1626:
1625:
1622:
1619:
1616:
1609:
1608:
1604:
1603:
1600:
1597:
1594:
1593:Pastry, Danish
1590:
1589:
1586:
1583:
1580:
1576:
1575:
1572:
1569:
1566:
1562:
1561:
1558:
1555:
1552:
1548:
1547:
1544:
1541:
1538:
1534:
1533:
1530:
1527:
1524:
1520:
1519:
1513:
1512:
1509:
1506:
1503:
1496:
1495:
1492:
1489:
1486:
1480:
1479:
1476:
1473:
1470:
1464:
1463:
1460:
1457:
1454:
1448:
1447:
1444:
1441:
1438:
1431:
1430:
1427:
1424:
1421:
1414:
1413:
1410:
1407:
1404:
1397:
1396:
1393:
1390:
1387:
1380:
1379:
1376:
1373:
1370:
1363:
1362:
1359:
1356:
1353:
1346:
1345:
1339:
1338:
1335:
1332:
1329:
1325:
1324:
1321:
1318:
1315:
1314:Pizza, sausage
1311:
1310:
1307:
1304:
1301:
1297:
1296:
1293:
1290:
1287:
1283:
1282:
1279:
1276:
1273:
1269:
1268:
1265:
1262:
1259:
1255:
1254:
1251:
1248:
1245:
1241:
1240:
1237:
1234:
1231:
1227:
1226:
1223:
1220:
1217:
1213:
1212:
1209:
1206:
1203:
1199:
1198:
1195:
1192:
1189:
1185:
1184:
1181:
1178:
1175:
1171:
1170:
1167:
1164:
1161:
1157:
1156:
1153:
1150:
1147:
1143:
1142:
1139:
1136:
1133:
1129:
1128:
1125:
1122:
1119:
1118:Chicken breast
1115:
1114:
1111:
1108:
1105:
1101:
1100:
1097:
1094:
1091:
1087:
1086:
1083:
1080:
1077:
1076:Ground sirloin
1073:
1072:
1069:
1066:
1063:
1059:
1058:
1052:
1051:
1048:
1045:
1042:
1039:Whipping cream
1035:
1034:
1031:
1028:
1025:
1021:
1020:
1017:
1014:
1011:
1004:
1003:
1000:
997:
994:
990:
989:
986:
983:
980:
976:
975:
972:
969:
966:
962:
961:
958:
955:
952:
945:
944:
941:
938:
935:
929:
928:
926:Dairy products
922:
921:
918:
915:
912:
906:
905:
902:
899:
896:
890:
889:
886:
883:
880:
874:
873:
870:
867:
864:
858:
857:
854:
851:
848:
842:
841:
838:
835:
832:
826:
825:
822:
819:
816:
810:
809:
806:
803:
800:
794:
793:
790:
787:
784:
778:
777:
774:
771:
768:
762:
761:
758:
755:
752:
750:Cottonseed oil
746:
745:
742:
739:
736:
730:
729:
726:
723:
720:
714:
713:
710:
707:
704:
698:
697:
694:
691:
688:
682:
681:
673:
672:
666:
665:
660:
655:
652:
638:
637:
630:
623:
615:
614:
613:
599:
585:
575:
549:Main article:
546:
543:
540:
539:
536:
533:
530:
527:
521:
520:
517:
514:
511:
508:
502:
501:
498:
495:
492:
489:
483:
482:
479:
476:
473:
470:
463:
462:
459:
456:
453:
450:
444:
443:
440:
437:
434:
431:
425:
424:
421:
418:
415:
412:
406:
405:
402:
399:
396:
393:
387:
386:
383:
380:
377:
374:
368:
367:
362:
357:
352:
347:
298:
295:
256:dairy products
171:
170:
168:
167:
160:
153:
145:
142:
141:
140:
139:
134:
133:
132:
119:
118:
114:
113:
112:
111:
106:
101:
100:
99:
94:
89:
84:
66:
65:
61:
60:
59:
58:
57:
56:
51:
41:
33:
32:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
7039:
7028:
7025:
7023:
7020:
7018:
7015:
7013:
7010:
7009:
7007:
6997:
6987:
6985:
6980:
6975:
6974:
6971:
6957:
6954:
6951:
6948:
6945:
6942:
6941:
6939:
6937:
6933:
6926:
6923:
6922:
6920:
6918:
6914:
6907:
6904:
6903:
6901:
6899:
6895:
6888:
6885:
6882:
6879:
6876:
6873:
6870:
6867:
6864:
6861:
6858:
6854:
6851:
6848:
6845:
6844:
6842:
6840:
6836:
6829:
6826:
6823:
6820:
6817:
6814:
6811:
6808:
6805:
6802:
6801:
6799:
6797:
6793:
6786:
6783:
6780:
6777:
6774:
6771:
6768:
6765:
6762:
6759:
6756:
6753:
6750:
6747:
6744:
6741:
6738:
6735:
6732:
6728:
6725:
6722:
6719:
6716:
6713:
6710:
6707:
6706:
6704:
6702:
6698:
6691:
6688:
6685:
6682:
6679:
6676:
6673:
6670:
6667:
6663:
6662:β-Eleostearic
6660:
6657:
6656:α-Eleostearic
6654:
6651:
6648:
6645:
6642:
6641:
6639:
6637:
6633:
6626:
6623:
6620:
6617:
6614:
6611:
6608:
6605:
6602:
6599:
6596:
6593:
6590:
6587:
6584:
6581:
6578:
6575:
6572:
6569:
6566:
6563:
6560:
6557:
6554:
6551:
6548:
6545:
6542:
6539:
6536:
6535:Laurolinoleic
6533:
6530:
6527:
6524:
6521:
6518:
6515:
6512:
6509:
6508:
6506:
6504:
6500:
6493:
6490:
6487:
6484:
6481:
6478:
6475:
6472:
6469:
6466:
6463:
6460:
6457:
6454:
6451:
6448:
6445:
6442:
6439:
6436:
6433:
6430:
6427:
6424:
6421:
6418:
6415:
6412:
6409:
6406:
6403:
6400:
6397:
6394:
6391:
6388:
6385:
6382:
6379:
6376:
6373:
6370:
6367:
6364:
6361:
6358:
6355:
6352:
6349:
6346:
6343:
6340:
6337:
6334:
6331:
6328:
6325:
6322:
6319:
6316:
6313:
6310:
6307:
6304:
6301:
6298:
6295:
6292:
6289:
6286:
6283:
6280:
6277:
6274:
6271:
6268:
6267:
6265:
6263:
6259:
6255:
6251:
6244:
6239:
6237:
6232:
6230:
6225:
6224:
6221:
6209:
6206:
6204:
6201:
6199:
6196:
6194:
6191:
6190:
6188:
6186:
6182:
6176:
6173:
6172:
6170:
6168:
6167:Sphingolipids
6164:
6158:
6155:
6153:
6150:
6148:
6145:
6143:
6140:
6138:
6135:
6134:
6132:
6130:
6129:Phospholipids
6126:
6118:
6115:
6113:
6110:
6108:
6105:
6103:
6100:
6098:
6095:
6093:
6090:
6089:
6088:
6085:
6083:
6080:
6078:
6077:Monoglyceride
6075:
6074:
6072:
6070:
6066:
6060:
6057:
6055:
6052:
6050:
6047:
6045:
6042:
6040:
6039:Palmitic acid
6037:
6035:
6034:Myristic acid
6032:
6030:
6027:
6025:
6022:
6020:
6019:Caprylic acid
6017:
6016:
6014:
6012:
6008:
6002:
5999:
5997:
5994:
5992:
5989:
5987:
5984:
5982:
5979:
5978:
5976:
5974:
5970:
5964:
5961:
5959:
5956:
5954:
5951:
5949:
5946:
5945:
5943:
5939:
5933:
5930:
5928:
5924:
5921:
5919:
5916:
5914:
5911:
5909:
5906:
5904:
5901:
5899:
5898:Saturated fat
5895:
5892:
5891:
5889:
5885:
5881:
5873:
5868:
5866:
5861:
5859:
5854:
5853:
5850:
5839:
5835:
5831:
5827:
5823:
5819:
5815:
5809:
5801:
5797:
5792:
5787:
5783:
5779:
5775:
5768:
5753:
5749:
5743:
5735:
5731:
5725:
5709:
5703:
5695:
5688:
5682:
5674:
5670:
5665:
5660:
5656:
5652:
5645:
5638:
5630:
5626:
5622:
5618:
5613:
5608:
5604:
5600:
5596:
5588:
5580:
5576:
5572:
5566:
5551:
5545:
5538:
5537:
5530:
5515:
5511:
5505:
5490:
5486:
5480:
5465:
5461:
5460:"Health Diet"
5455:
5440:
5436:
5430:
5414:
5410:
5406:
5400:
5384:
5380:
5374:
5359:
5352:
5346:
5330:
5329:Health Canada
5326:
5320:
5312:
5308:
5302:
5294:
5288:
5280:
5276:
5270:
5254:
5248:
5232:
5226:
5218:
5214:
5208:
5192:
5186:
5178:
5172:
5168:
5164:
5160:
5153:
5145:
5141:
5140:"Oil, peanut"
5135:
5119:
5113:
5097:
5091:
5075:
5069:
5053:
5047:
5039:
5038:veghealth.com
5032:
5025:
5017:
5013:
5009:
5005:
5001:
4997:
4993:
4989:
4982:
4974:
4970:
4965:
4960:
4956:
4952:
4948:
4944:
4940:
4933:
4917:
4911:
4895:
4889:
4873:
4867:
4851:
4845:
4829:
4823:
4808:
4804:
4797:
4795:
4793:
4791:
4789:
4787:
4770:
4764:
4756:
4752:
4748:
4744:
4740:
4733:
4731:
4729:
4727:
4710:
4704:
4688:
4684:
4677:
4658:
4654:
4647:
4640:
4624:
4618:
4607:
4601:
4584:
4578:
4569:
4563:
4561:
4559:
4550:
4546:
4541:
4536:
4532:
4528:
4525:(2): 96–109.
4524:
4520:
4516:
4509:
4501:
4497:
4493:
4489:
4484:
4479:
4475:
4471:
4467:
4460:
4452:
4448:
4444:
4440:
4436:
4432:
4428:
4424:
4420:
4413:
4405:
4401:
4396:
4391:
4387:
4383:
4380:(52): e2391.
4379:
4375:
4371:
4364:
4356:
4352:
4347:
4342:
4338:
4334:
4330:
4326:
4322:
4315:
4307:
4301:
4297:
4290:
4282:
4278:
4274:
4268:
4264:
4260:
4256:
4249:
4241:
4237:
4233:
4229:
4225:
4221:
4217:
4213:
4205:
4197:
4193:
4188:
4183:
4179:
4175:
4171:
4164:
4156:
4152:
4147:
4142:
4138:
4134:
4130:
4126:
4122:
4115:
4107:
4105:9780781794398
4101:
4097:
4090:
4079:
4078:
4071:
4055:
4054:"Cholesterol"
4049:
4030:
4023:
4017:
3999:
3993:
3985:
3979:
3971:
3967:
3963:
3959:
3955:
3951:
3947:
3943:
3936:
3929:
3924:
3916:
3912:
3908:
3904:
3900:
3896:
3892:
3888:
3880:
3865:
3861:
3855:
3836:
3830:
3828:
3820:
3815:
3799:
3793:
3777:
3771:
3755:
3751:
3747:
3741:
3733:
3729:
3723:
3707:
3701:
3699:
3690:
3686:
3682:
3678:
3673:
3668:
3665:(3): e1–e23.
3664:
3660:
3656:
3649:
3647:
3645:
3643:
3623:
3616:
3610:
3602:
3598:
3594:
3590:
3586:
3582:
3575:
3567:
3563:
3558:
3553:
3549:
3545:
3541:
3537:
3533:
3526:
3524:
3507:
3503:
3499:
3493:
3477:
3473:
3467:
3459:
3455:
3449:
3443:
3438:
3422:
3418:
3412:
3396:
3392:
3386:
3370:
3366:
3360:
3344:
3340:
3334:
3318:
3312:
3293:
3286:
3284:
3282:
3280:
3278:
3276:
3260:
3254:
3246:
3242:
3238:
3231:
3223:
3219:
3215:
3209:
3193:
3189:
3183:
3175:
3169:
3161:
3155:
3139:
3133:
3117:
3111:
3103:
3097:
3093:
3088:
3087:
3078:
3076:
3071:
3057:
3051:
3047:
3036:
3033:
3031:
3028:
3026:
3023:
3021:
3018:
3016:
3013:
3011:
3008:
3006:
3003:
3001:
2998:
2996:
2993:
2991:
2988:
2986:
2983:
2981:
2978:
2976:
2973:
2971:
2968:
2966:
2963:
2962:
2955:
2953:
2949:
2945:
2941:
2940:intersections
2936:
2934:
2933:myristic acid
2927:
2926:myristic acid
2923:
2918:
2912:
2911:myristic acid
2907:
2898:
2894:
2892:
2887:
2882:
2878:
2876:
2872:
2868:
2864:
2859:
2857:
2853:
2849:
2843:
2838:
2835:
2832:
2817:
2814:
2811:
2808:
2805:
2802:
2799:
2796:
2793:
2791:
2788:
2787:
2783:
2780:
2777:
2774:
2771:
2768:
2765:
2762:
2760:
2758:
2755:
2754:
2751:
2748:
2745:
2742:
2739:
2736:
2733:
2730:
2728:
2725:
2723:
2720:
2719:
2715:
2712:
2709:
2706:
2703:
2700:
2697:
2694:
2692:
2690:
2687:
2686:
2683:
2680:
2677:
2674:
2671:
2668:
2665:
2662:
2660:
2658:
2655:
2654:
2650:
2647:
2644:
2641:
2639:
2636:
2633:
2631:
2628:
2625:
2623:
2621:
2620:Rice bran oil
2618:
2617:
2613:
2610:
2607:
2604:
2601:
2598:
2595:
2592:
2590:
2588:
2585:
2584:
2581:
2579:
2577:
2575:
2572:
2570:
2567:
2564:
2561:
2559:
2556:
2555:
2551:
2548:
2545:
2542:
2539:
2536:
2533:
2530:
2528:
2526:
2523:
2522:
2518:
2515:
2512:
2509:
2506:
2503:
2500:
2497:
2495:
2492:
2489:
2488:
2484:
2481:
2478:
2475:
2472:
2469:
2466:
2463:
2461:
2459:
2456:
2455:
2451:
2448:
2445:
2442:
2439:
2436:
2433:
2430:
2428:
2426:
2423:
2422:
2418:
2415:
2412:
2409:
2406:
2403:
2400:
2397:
2394:
2392:
2389:
2388:
2384:
2381:
2378:
2375:
2372:
2369:
2366:
2363:
2361:
2359:
2356:
2355:
2352:
2349:
2346:
2343:
2340:
2338:
2335:
2332:
2330:
2327:
2325:
2322:
2321:
2317:
2314:
2311:
2308:
2305:
2302:
2299:
2296:
2294:
2292:
2289:
2288:
2284:
2281:
2278:
2275:
2272:
2269:
2266:
2263:
2261:
2259:
2256:
2255:
2251:
2248:
2245:
2242:
2239:
2236:
2233:
2230:
2228:
2226:
2223:
2222:
2218:
2215:
2212:
2209:
2206:
2203:
2200:
2197:
2195:
2193:
2190:
2189:
2185:
2182:
2179:
2176:
2173:
2170:
2167:
2164:
2162:
2160:
2157:
2156:
2152:
2149:
2146:
2143:
2140:
2136:
2133:
2130:
2128:
2126:
2123:
2122:
2119:
2114:
2108:
2105:
2099:
2096:
2093:
2087:
2081:
2080:
2077:
2070:
2063:
2056:
2044:
2039:
2028:
2026:
2022:
2018:
2016:
2015:breast cancer
2012:
2006:
1996:
1994:
1993:myristic acid
1990:
1986:
1982:
1981:palmitic acid
1978:
1974:
1964:
1962:
1958:
1954:
1950:
1946:
1941:
1937:
1935:
1931:
1926:
1924:
1920:
1914:
1904:
1901:
1898:
1895:
1892:
1887:
1884:
1880:
1876:
1872:
1868:
1864:
1860:
1859:heart disease
1854:
1831:
1824:
1820:
1817:
1814:
1812:
1809:
1808:
1804:
1801:
1798:
1795:
1792:
1791:
1788:
1784:
1780:
1777:
1774:
1771:
1770:
1766:
1763:
1760:
1757:
1756:
1752:
1749:
1746:
1743:
1742:
1738:
1735:
1732:
1729:
1728:
1724:
1721:
1718:
1715:
1714:
1710:
1707:
1704:
1701:
1700:
1696:
1693:
1690:
1687:
1686:
1682:
1679:
1676:
1673:
1672:
1668:
1665:
1662:
1659:
1658:
1654:
1651:
1648:
1645:
1642:
1641:
1637:
1634:
1631:
1628:
1627:
1623:
1620:
1617:
1614:
1611:
1610:
1605:
1601:
1598:
1595:
1592:
1591:
1587:
1584:
1581:
1578:
1577:
1573:
1570:
1567:
1564:
1563:
1559:
1556:
1553:
1550:
1549:
1545:
1542:
1539:
1536:
1535:
1531:
1528:
1525:
1522:
1521:
1518:
1514:
1510:
1507:
1504:
1501:
1498:
1497:
1493:
1490:
1487:
1485:
1482:
1481:
1477:
1474:
1471:
1469:
1466:
1465:
1461:
1458:
1455:
1453:
1450:
1449:
1445:
1442:
1439:
1436:
1433:
1432:
1428:
1425:
1422:
1419:
1416:
1415:
1411:
1408:
1405:
1402:
1399:
1398:
1394:
1391:
1388:
1385:
1382:
1381:
1377:
1374:
1371:
1368:
1365:
1364:
1360:
1357:
1354:
1351:
1348:
1347:
1344:
1340:
1336:
1333:
1330:
1328:Pizza, cheese
1327:
1326:
1322:
1319:
1316:
1313:
1312:
1308:
1305:
1302:
1299:
1298:
1294:
1291:
1288:
1285:
1284:
1280:
1277:
1274:
1271:
1270:
1266:
1263:
1260:
1257:
1256:
1252:
1249:
1246:
1243:
1242:
1238:
1235:
1232:
1229:
1228:
1224:
1221:
1218:
1215:
1214:
1210:
1207:
1204:
1202:Hot dog, beef
1201:
1200:
1196:
1193:
1190:
1187:
1186:
1182:
1179:
1176:
1173:
1172:
1168:
1165:
1162:
1159:
1158:
1154:
1151:
1148:
1146:Turkey breast
1145:
1144:
1140:
1137:
1134:
1131:
1130:
1126:
1123:
1120:
1117:
1116:
1112:
1109:
1106:
1103:
1102:
1098:
1095:
1092:
1089:
1088:
1084:
1081:
1078:
1075:
1074:
1070:
1067:
1064:
1061:
1060:
1057:
1053:
1049:
1046:
1043:
1040:
1037:
1036:
1032:
1029:
1026:
1023:
1022:
1018:
1015:
1012:
1009:
1006:
1005:
1001:
998:
995:
992:
991:
987:
984:
981:
978:
977:
973:
970:
967:
965:Cheese, light
964:
963:
959:
956:
953:
950:
947:
946:
942:
939:
936:
934:
931:
930:
927:
923:
919:
916:
913:
911:
908:
907:
903:
900:
897:
895:
894:Sunflower oil
892:
891:
887:
884:
881:
879:
876:
875:
871:
868:
865:
863:
860:
859:
855:
852:
849:
847:
844:
843:
839:
836:
833:
831:
830:Rice bran oil
828:
827:
823:
820:
817:
815:
812:
811:
807:
804:
801:
799:
796:
795:
791:
788:
785:
783:
780:
779:
775:
772:
769:
767:
764:
763:
759:
756:
753:
751:
748:
747:
743:
740:
737:
735:
732:
731:
727:
724:
721:
719:
716:
715:
711:
708:
705:
703:
700:
699:
695:
692:
689:
687:
684:
683:
680:
679:
674:
667:
661:
656:
653:
649:
643:
636:
631:
629:
624:
622:
617:
616:
611:
607:
603:
600:
597:
593:
589:
588:Palmitic acid
586:
583:
579:
578:Myristic acid
576:
573:
569:
565:
561:
558:
557:
556:
552:
537:
534:
531:
528:
526:
523:
522:
518:
515:
512:
509:
507:
504:
503:
499:
496:
493:
490:
488:
485:
484:
480:
477:
474:
471:
468:
465:
464:
460:
457:
454:
451:
449:
446:
445:
441:
438:
435:
432:
430:
427:
426:
422:
419:
416:
413:
411:
408:
407:
403:
400:
397:
394:
392:
389:
388:
384:
381:
378:
375:
373:
370:
369:
366:
363:
361:
360:Palmitic acid
358:
356:
355:Myristic acid
353:
351:
348:
345:
344:
338:
336:
332:
328:
325:, cacao, and
324:
320:
316:
312:
308:
304:
294:
292:
288:
283:
281:
277:
273:
269:
265:
261:
257:
253:
249:
245:
241:
237:
233:
229:
225:
221:
217:
212:
210:
206:
202:
198:
194:
190:
186:
183:in which the
182:
179:is a type of
178:
177:saturated fat
166:
161:
159:
154:
152:
147:
146:
144:
143:
138:
135:
131:
128:
127:
126:
123:
122:
121:
120:
116:
115:
110:
107:
105:
102:
98:
95:
93:
90:
88:
85:
83:
80:
79:
77:
73:
70:
69:
68:
67:
63:
62:
55:
52:
50:
47:
46:
45:
42:
40:
39:Saturated fat
37:
36:
35:
34:
31:
27:
23:
22:
19:
6956:8-Eicosenoic
6950:Petroselinic
6856:
6730:
6727:Linolelaidic
6665:
6607:Clupanodonic
6565:Palmitidonic
6402:Pentacosylic
6378:Heneicosylic
6342:Pentadecylic
6261:
6208:Secosteroids
6203:Sex steroids
6092:Triheptanoin
6087:Triglyceride
6054:Behenic acid
6044:Stearic acid
6001:Leukotrienes
5991:Prostacyclin
5922:
5897:
5893:
5821:
5817:
5808:
5781:
5777:
5767:
5755:. Retrieved
5751:
5742:
5733:
5724:
5712:. Retrieved
5702:
5681:
5654:
5650:
5637:
5605:(1): 82–96.
5602:
5598:
5587:
5579:the original
5565:
5553:. Retrieved
5535:
5529:
5519:24 September
5517:. Retrieved
5504:
5492:. Retrieved
5479:
5469:24 September
5467:. Retrieved
5454:
5444:24 September
5442:. Retrieved
5429:
5419:24 September
5417:. Retrieved
5399:
5389:24 September
5387:. Retrieved
5373:
5363:24 September
5361:. Retrieved
5345:
5335:24 September
5333:. Retrieved
5319:
5310:
5301:
5287:
5278:
5269:
5257:. Retrieved
5247:
5235:. Retrieved
5225:
5216:
5207:
5195:. Retrieved
5185:
5158:
5152:
5143:
5134:
5122:. Retrieved
5112:
5100:. Retrieved
5090:
5078:. Retrieved
5068:
5056:. Retrieved
5046:
5037:
5024:
4994:(2): 87–94.
4991:
4987:
4981:
4946:
4942:
4932:
4920:. Retrieved
4910:
4898:. Retrieved
4888:
4876:. Retrieved
4866:
4854:. Retrieved
4844:
4832:. Retrieved
4822:
4810:. Retrieved
4806:
4773:. Retrieved
4763:
4746:
4742:
4713:. Retrieved
4703:
4691:. Retrieved
4686:
4676:
4664:. Retrieved
4657:the original
4652:
4639:
4627:. Retrieved
4617:
4600:
4587:. Retrieved
4577:
4522:
4518:
4508:
4473:
4469:
4459:
4426:
4422:
4412:
4377:
4373:
4363:
4328:
4324:
4314:
4295:
4289:
4254:
4248:
4215:
4211:
4204:
4177:
4173:
4163:
4128:
4124:
4114:
4095:
4089:
4076:
4070:
4058:. Retrieved
4048:
4036:. Retrieved
4029:the original
4016:
4004:. Retrieved
3992:
3978:cite journal
3945:
3935:
3923:
3890:
3886:
3879:
3867:. Retrieved
3863:
3854:
3842:. Retrieved
3814:
3802:. Retrieved
3792:
3780:. Retrieved
3770:
3758:. Retrieved
3754:the original
3740:
3722:
3710:. Retrieved
3662:
3658:
3629:. Retrieved
3622:the original
3609:
3584:
3580:
3574:
3539:
3535:
3510:. Retrieved
3506:the original
3501:
3492:
3480:. Retrieved
3478:. Condé Nast
3475:
3466:
3457:
3448:
3437:
3427:27 September
3425:. Retrieved
3423:. Condé Nast
3420:
3411:
3399:. Retrieved
3397:. Condé Nast
3394:
3385:
3373:. Retrieved
3371:. Condé Nast
3368:
3359:
3347:. Retrieved
3343:the original
3333:
3321:. Retrieved
3311:
3299:. Retrieved
3290:Anderson D.
3262:. Retrieved
3253:
3244:
3240:
3230:
3222:the original
3208:
3196:. Retrieved
3192:the original
3182:
3168:
3154:
3142:. Retrieved
3132:
3120:. Retrieved
3110:
3085:
3050:
3010:Iodine value
2980:Healthy diet
2948:single bonds
2937:
2930:
2895:
2883:
2879:
2860:
2845:
2840:
2836:
2828:
2637:
2629:
2562:hydrogenated
2329:hydrogenated
2019:
2008:
1985:stearic acid
1970:
1949:triglyceride
1942:
1938:
1927:
1919:dyslipidemia
1916:
1907:Dyslipidemia
1902:
1899:
1896:
1888:
1856:
1786:
1579:Cake, yellow
1516:
1452:Sesame seeds
1342:
1055:
925:
678:Cooking oils
676:
664:unsaturated
610:cocoa butter
602:Stearic acid
554:
525:Cocoa butter
365:Stearic acid
300:
297:Fat profiles
284:
213:
201:double bonds
189:single bonds
176:
174:
104:Triglyceride
38:
18:
7012:Fatty acids
6804:Palmitoleic
6773:Arachidonic
6737:γ-Linolenic
6644:Myristoleic
6583:α-Parinaric
6577:Stearidonic
6571:α-Linolenic
6523:Decadienoic
6462:Ceroplastic
6426:Nonacosylic
6366:Nonadecylic
6254:fatty acids
6193:Cholesterol
6152:Cardiolipin
6112:Trilinolein
6102:Tripalmitin
6097:Trimyristin
6082:Diglyceride
6029:Lauric acid
6024:Capric acid
6011:Fatty acids
5996:Thromboxane
5973:Eicosanoids
5757:30 December
5651:Circulation
5599:Circulation
5259:6 September
5237:6 September
5146:. usda.gov.
5124:6 September
5102:6 September
5080:6 September
5058:6 September
4922:6 September
4900:6 September
4878:6 September
4856:6 September
4834:6 September
4775:6 September
4715:6 September
4693:26 December
4629:6 September
4589:7 September
4060:28 February
3869:30 December
3659:Circulation
2952:sigma bonds
2404:14.3
2098:α-Linolenic
2076:Smoke point
2072:fatty acids
2065:fatty acids
2058:fatty acids
1989:lauric acid
1883:risk factor
1716:Chicken fat
1502:dry roasted
1420:dry roasted
1403:dry roasted
1386:dry roasted
1369:dry roasted
1352:dry roasted
910:Mustard oil
878:Soybean oil
718:Coconut oil
659:unsaturated
572:breast milk
564:coconut oil
560:Lauric acid
538:33.7–40.2%
506:Soybean oil
429:Ground beef
372:Coconut oil
350:Lauric acid
315:palm kernel
303:food groups
276:coconut oil
236:baked goods
222:like foods
216:unsaturated
109:Cholesterol
7006:Categories
6414:Carboceric
6396:Lignoceric
6390:Tricosylic
6330:Tridecylic
6306:Pelargonic
6107:Tristearin
6069:Glycerides
5894:Saturation
5714:1 November
5462:. India's
5197:22 January
5029:Melina V.
4666:15 January
4006:25 January
3349:16 January
3066:References
3025:Ancel Keys
2944:Octet Rule
2831:trans fats
2790:Walnut oil
2391:Grape seed
2324:Cottonseed
2291:Cottonseed
2159:Brazil nut
2049:Processing
1987:. Dietary
1911:See also:
1851:See also:
1702:Shortening
814:Peanut oil
535:24.5–33.7%
224:deep-fried
185:fatty acid
72:Fatty acid
64:Components
7022:Nutrition
6996:Chemistry
6822:Paullinic
6767:Sciadonic
6749:Pinolenic
6529:Lauroleic
6444:Lacceroic
6372:Arachidic
6318:Undecylic
6270:Propionic
6262:Saturated
5948:Trans fat
5878:Types of
5814:Zelman, K
4949:: 59–64.
4749:: 59–65.
3970:260103619
3915:220852791
3512:14 August
3482:24 August
3264:7 January
2995:Junk food
2990:Fast food
2881:studies.
2794:unrefined
2757:Sunflower
2482:very high
2425:Hemp seed
2416:very high
2055:Saturated
2051:treatment
1744:Goose fat
1644:Margarine
1435:Flaxseeds
1384:Macadamia
1090:Pork chop
951:, regular
933:Butterfat
766:Olive oil
686:Algal oil
654:Saturated
264:ice cream
205:saturated
193:glyceride
130:Trans fat
24:Types of
6925:Gadoleic
6906:Sapienic
6875:Nervonic
6810:Vaccenic
6743:Calendic
6721:Linoleic
6517:Decenoic
6511:Octenoic
6432:Melissic
6420:Montanic
6354:Margaric
6348:Palmitic
6336:Myristic
6300:Caprylic
6294:Enanthic
6185:Steroids
6175:Ceramide
6117:Triolein
5941:Geometry
5838:21515106
5800:15321792
5673:15226228
5621:16785338
5016:18445488
5008:16019622
4973:27559299
4687:Aocs.org
4549:23872953
4500:44149964
4492:29848668
4451:34098509
4443:25692500
4404:26717389
4374:Medicine
4355:36056919
4281:16596799
4240:54293528
4232:18061058
4038:11 March
3962:37482268
3907:32723506
3681:28620111
3601:17936958
3566:32827219
3401:10 April
3375:10 April
2958:See also
2107:Linoleic
1951:levels,
1794:Egg yolk
1730:Beef fat
1468:Soybeans
1437:, ground
1024:Milk, 2%
798:Palm oil
734:Corn oil
592:palm oil
331:palmitic
311:myristic
252:schmaltz
209:hydrogen
197:glycerol
6984:Biology
6970:Portals
6863:Gondoic
6853:Elaidic
6816:Rumenic
6779:Adrenic
6672:Punicic
6450:Psyllic
6408:Cerotic
6384:Behenic
6360:Stearic
6288:Caproic
6282:Valeric
6276:Butyric
5887:General
5696:. 2005.
5555:4 April
4964:4988453
4812:5 March
4540:4091618
4395:5291630
4346:9776642
4196:9974397
4155:9006469
4146:2125600
3844:26 July
3557:8092457
3301:8 April
3247:: 7–17.
3198:13 June
3144:1 March
3122:1 March
3086:Biology
3005:ANGPTL4
2722:Soybean
2689:Soybean
2225:Coconut
2125:Avocado
1945:obesity
1811:Avocado
1646:, stick
1615:, stick
1500:Walnuts
1367:Cashews
1350:Almonds
1132:Chicken
1010:, whole
487:Cashews
337:acids.
335:stearic
319:coconut
232:sausage
97:Omega−9
92:Omega−7
87:Omega−6
82:Omega−3
7017:Lipids
6958:(20:1)
6952:(18:1)
6946:(16:1)
6927:(20:1)
6908:(16:1)
6889:(20:3)
6883:(20:2)
6877:(24:1)
6871:(22:1)
6869:Erucic
6865:(20:1)
6859:-18:1)
6849:(18:1)
6830:(20:3)
6824:(20:1)
6818:(18:2)
6812:(18:1)
6806:(16:1)
6787:(22:5)
6785:Osbond
6781:(22:4)
6775:(20:4)
6769:(20:3)
6763:(20:3)
6757:(20:2)
6751:(18:3)
6745:(18:3)
6739:(18:3)
6733:-18:2)
6723:(18:2)
6717:(18:1)
6711:(14:1)
6692:(20:4)
6686:(20:3)
6680:(18:3)
6674:(18:3)
6668:-18:3)
6658:(18:3)
6652:(16:1)
6646:(14:1)
6627:(24:6)
6621:(24:5)
6615:(22:6)
6609:(22:5)
6603:(20:5)
6597:(20:4)
6591:(20:3)
6585:(18:4)
6579:(18:4)
6573:(18:3)
6567:(16:4)
6561:(16:3)
6555:(14:3)
6549:(14:2)
6543:(14:1)
6537:(12:2)
6531:(12:1)
6525:(10:2)
6519:(10:1)
6456:Geddic
6324:Lauric
6312:Capric
6250:Lipids
5880:lipids
5836:
5798:
5671:
5629:647269
5627:
5619:
5546:
5494:3 June
5173:
5014:
5006:
4971:
4961:
4547:
4537:
4498:
4490:
4449:
4441:
4402:
4392:
4353:
4343:
4302:
4279:
4269:
4238:
4230:
4212:Lancet
4194:
4153:
4143:
4102:
3968:
3960:
3913:
3905:
3804:6 July
3689:367602
3687:
3679:
3599:
3564:
3554:
3323:21 May
3098:
2749:13.4:1
2657:Sesame
2648:15.6:1
2611:61.6:1
2587:Peanut
2549:45.5:1
2395:
2192:Canola
2150:12.5:1
1999:Cancer
1983:, and
1959:, and
1873:, the
1865:, the
1613:Butter
1418:Pecans
1401:Peanut
1188:Salmon
949:Cheese
702:Canola
448:Salmon
410:Butter
307:Lauric
272:butter
268:cheese
260:yogurt
6857:trans
6847:Oleic
6731:trans
6666:trans
6513:(8:1)
6494:(C40)
6488:(C39)
6482:(C38)
6476:(C37)
6470:(C36)
6464:(C35)
6458:(C34)
6452:(C33)
6446:(C32)
6440:(C31)
6434:(C30)
6428:(C29)
6422:(C28)
6416:(C27)
6410:(C26)
6404:(C25)
6398:(C24)
6392:(C23)
6386:(C22)
6380:(C21)
6374:(C20)
6368:(C19)
6362:(C18)
6356:(C17)
6350:(C16)
6344:(C15)
6338:(C14)
6332:(C13)
6326:(C12)
6320:(C11)
6314:(C10)
5923:Other
5690:(PDF)
5647:(PDF)
5625:S2CID
5540:(PDF)
5405:"Fat"
5354:(PDF)
5034:(PDF)
5012:S2CID
4660:(PDF)
4649:(PDF)
4609:(PDF)
4496:S2CID
4447:S2CID
4236:S2CID
4081:(PDF)
4032:(PDF)
4025:(PDF)
4001:(PDF)
3966:S2CID
3911:S2CID
3838:(PDF)
3782:3 May
3760:3 May
3712:3 May
3685:S2CID
3631:3 May
3625:(PDF)
3618:(PDF)
3295:(PDF)
3092:69–70
3042:Notes
2781:128:1
2713:7.3:1
2681:138:1
2605:0.318
2491:Olive
2449:2.5:1
2382:0.2:1
2350:1.5:1
2243:0.019
2183:419:1
2137:52–66
2118:ratio
2116:ω−6:3
2112:(ω−6)
2103:(ω−3)
2094:Total
2091:(ω−9)
2086:Oleic
2082:Total
1787:Other
1056:Meats
662:Poly-
657:Mono-
469:yolks
6887:Mead
6308:(C9)
6302:(C8)
6296:(C7)
6290:(C6)
6284:(C5)
6278:(C4)
6272:(C3)
5834:PMID
5796:PMID
5759:2022
5716:2021
5669:PMID
5617:PMID
5557:2016
5544:ISBN
5521:2019
5496:2021
5471:2019
5446:2019
5421:2019
5411:and
5391:2019
5365:2019
5337:2019
5261:2017
5239:2017
5199:2021
5171:ISBN
5126:2017
5104:2017
5082:2017
5060:2017
5004:PMID
4969:PMID
4924:2017
4902:2017
4880:2017
4858:2017
4836:2017
4814:2011
4777:2017
4717:2017
4695:2019
4668:2020
4631:2017
4591:2017
4545:PMID
4488:PMID
4439:PMID
4400:PMID
4351:PMID
4300:ISBN
4277:PMID
4267:ISBN
4228:PMID
4192:PMID
4151:PMID
4100:ISBN
4062:2011
4040:2011
4008:2011
3984:link
3958:PMID
3903:PMID
3871:2022
3846:2021
3806:2021
3784:2012
3762:2012
3714:2012
3677:PMID
3633:2012
3597:PMID
3562:PMID
3540:2020
3514:2014
3484:2009
3429:2010
3403:2017
3377:2017
3351:2015
3325:2013
3303:2017
3266:2019
3200:2015
3146:2014
3124:2014
3096:ISBN
2861:The
2812:52.9
2809:10.4
2806:63.3
2803:22.2
2800:22.8
2778:20.5
2775:0.16
2772:20.7
2769:62.9
2766:63.4
2763:8.99
2746:34.9
2740:37.6
2737:42.5
2734:43.0
2731:14.9
2704:57.7
2701:22.6
2698:22.8
2695:15.6
2678:41.3
2672:41.7
2669:39.3
2666:39.7
2663:14.2
2645:34.4
2638:36.6
2634:38.4
2630:38.4
2608:19.6
2602:19.9
2599:55.4
2596:57.1
2593:16.2
2565:88.2
2558:Palm
2534:37.0
2531:49.3
2525:Palm
2516:14:1
2507:10.5
2504:71.3
2501:73.0
2498:13.8
2479:12.8
2473:12.8
2470:75.2
2467:75.2
2446:54.0
2443:22.0
2440:82.0
2413:74.7
2410:0.15
2407:74.9
2401:14.8
2398:10.4
2373:67.8
2367:18.4
2333:93.6
2315:54:1
2306:51.9
2300:17.8
2297:25.9
2282:58:1
2273:54.7
2270:27.3
2267:27.6
2264:12.9
2258:Corn
2249:88:1
2246:1.68
2231:82.5
2213:18.6
2207:28.1
2204:61.8
2201:63.3
2180:41.9
2174:42.0
2171:31.3
2168:32.7
2165:24.8
2147:12.5
2141:13.5
2134:70.6
2131:11.6
2110:acid
2101:acid
2089:acid
2046:Type
1991:and
1796:fat
1688:Lard
1343:Nuts
1062:Beef
1008:Milk
651:Food
634:edit
627:talk
620:view
608:and
606:meat
596:meat
594:and
582:milk
532:0–4%
481:10%
475:0.3%
442:15%
423:13%
346:Food
333:and
327:nuts
323:eggs
309:and
278:and
270:and
248:lard
230:and
30:food
26:fats
5932:Oil
5927:Fat
5826:doi
5822:111
5786:doi
5659:doi
5655:109
5607:doi
5603:114
5163:doi
4996:doi
4959:PMC
4951:doi
4751:doi
4747:120
4535:PMC
4527:doi
4478:doi
4431:doi
4390:PMC
4382:doi
4341:PMC
4333:doi
4259:doi
4220:doi
4216:370
4182:doi
4141:PMC
4133:doi
4129:314
3950:doi
3895:doi
3667:doi
3663:136
3589:doi
3585:107
3552:PMC
3544:doi
2815:5:1
2797:9.1
2743:2.6
2675:0.3
2642:2.2
2568:5.7
2546:9.1
2543:0.2
2540:9.3
2513:9.8
2510:0.7
2464:7.5
2437:9.0
2434:9.0
2431:7.0
2364:9.0
2347:0.3
2344:0.2
2341:0.6
2336:1.5
2240:1.7
2234:6.3
2216:2:1
2210:9.1
2198:7.4
2177:0.1
1821:13
1805:16
1781:58
1767:25
1753:11
1725:21
1711:26
1697:11
1683:33
1669:49
1655:39
1602:14
1588:10
1574:18
1560:27
1546:38
1511:63
1494:66
1478:57
1462:44
1446:65
1429:25
1412:31
1378:17
1361:21
1323:20
1309:22
1295:11
1281:20
1267:32
1225:22
1197:28
1183:46
1169:30
1155:30
1141:30
1127:21
1113:16
1104:Ham
920:21
904:69
888:58
872:75
856:14
840:37
824:32
808:10
776:11
760:54
744:59
712:28
519:4%
516:11%
500:7%
497:10%
478:27%
467:Egg
461:3%
458:29%
439:26%
420:29%
417:11%
404:5%
401:44%
395:48%
385:3%
379:18%
376:47%
305:.
282:.
250:or
226:in
181:fat
28:in
7008::
6252::
5925::
5896::
5832:.
5820:.
5794:.
5782:80
5780:.
5776:.
5750:.
5732:.
5692:.
5667:.
5653:.
5649:.
5623:.
5615:.
5601:.
5597:.
5573:.
5356:.
5327:.
5309:.
5277:.
5169:.
5142:.
5036:.
5010:.
5002:.
4992:16
4990:.
4967:.
4957:.
4945:.
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