455:
understanding of climate variation in the North
Pacific, its effect on marine ecosystems, and the productive capacity of the ocean. An important outcome of the work was learning that decadal-scale variation is dominant in the North Pacific, to the point where long-term changes are difficult to detect The second program on Forecasting and Understanding Trends, Uncertainty and Responses of North Pacific Marine Ecosystems (FUTURE) began in October 2009. Its primary goals are to understand how marine ecosystems in the North Pacific respond to climate change and human activities, to provide forecasts of ecosystem status, and to communicate the results of the program broadly.
437:. International borders are much farther apart in the North Pacific compared to the northeastern Atlantic, so coastal fisheries that might compete are separated by large distances involving fewer countries. As a result, transboundary and straddling stock issues generally tend to be managed bilaterally, rather than multilaterally in the North Pacific. Research on fish stocks in PICES has generally been directed toward environmental influences on species. This has produced a naturally synergy with ICES as the expertise on different topics of fisheries science has developed.
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and monitoring). Each committee has authority to create subsidiary expert groups, with the approval of the
Governing Council, to undertake the scientific work of the committees. National membership of all committees and other expert groups is determined by the delegates of each member country. Committee chairmen serve on the PICES Science Board, which is responsible for authorizing and overseeing all scientific activities of the organization.
163:
557:, or economies in transition. The primary goals are now focused on developing young scientific talents in all member countries . This is achieved through an intern program at the Secretariat, early career scientist conferences, summer schools, travel grants to allow participation in the PICES Annual Meeting, sponsoring speakers at international conferences, and awards and recognition of deserving early career scientists.
22:
525:
seen as an important function of the organization so it continued with an extensive update. This version placed greater emphasis on basin-scale comparisons, the primary scale of interest of the organization, but the cost and effort that was required to create such a document led to simplifications. Future versions will feature greater use of automation and technology, with printed versions appearing less frequently.
99:
524:
Recognizing the need to understand and to communicate information on variability in marine ecosystems among member countries, PICES initiated a pilot project in 2002 that would result in the publication of its first ecosystem status report. Thereafter, ocean climate and marine ecosystem reporting was
445:
Since its creation, the primary scientific directions of the organization have stemmed from its scientific committees (biological oceanography, fishery science, physical oceanography and climate, marine environmental quality, and human dimensions) supported by two technical committees (data exchange
463:
From time to time, member countries have asked PICES to undertake scientific studies on a particular topic of special interest to them. These differ from the regular work of the expert groups because incremental funding is typically provided to the organization to conduct the work. Recent examples,
454:
To facilitate cooperative research on important topics by marine scientists in member countries, PICES established two major integrative scientific programs during its first two decades. From 1995 to 2006, the PICES/GLOBEC regional programme on
Climate Change and Carrying Capacity sought to improve
533:
During its first decade, PICES became a major international forum for exchanging results and discussing climatic-oceanic-biotic research in the North
Pacific. Awareness of the benefits of working cooperatively on scientific problems led to increasing collaboration with like-minded organizations in
383:
and its marginal seas to exchange information, conduct joint research, publish their results, and provide scientific advice about fisheries, primarily in the North
Atlantic. In recognition of its Atlantic heritage, the nickname PICES (Pacific ICES) was adopted for the North Pacific Marine Science
858:, Gregory, J., Gulev, S., Hanawa, K., Le Quéré, C., Levitus, S., Nojiri, Y., Shum, C. K., Talley, L. D., Unnikrishnan, A. (2007). "Observations: Oceanic Climate Change and Sea Level" In: Solomon, S., Qin, D., Manning, M., Chen, Z., Marquis, M., Averyt, K. B., Tignor, M., Miller, H. L. (eds.).
404:
The primary mandate of the organization is to promote and to coordinate marine scientific research in the North
Pacific Ocean and to provide a mechanism for information and data exchange among scientists in its member country. This has been achieved through various means, but primarily by
384:
Organization. Informal meetings of proponents occurred sporadically through the 1980s, eventually entraining government officials into the discussion in the mid-1980s. The final text of a convention for a new marine science organization was endorsed in
370:
The idea to create a
Pacific version of ICES (International Council for the Exploration of the Sea) was first discussed by scientists from Canada, Japan, the Soviet Union, and the United States who were attending a conference, sponsored by the
349:
A Governing
Council consisting of up to two delegates appointed by each member country is the primary decision-making body. Day-to-day operations of the organization are managed by the staff of the PICES Secretariat, located in Canada at the
425:
and related topics was about to explode in the 1990s, and PICES was strategically in a position to take a significant role in exploring how oceans, atmospheres, and their biota were affected by the changes.
405:
establishing major integrative scientific programs such as the PICES/GLOBEC Scientific
Program on Carrying Capacity and Climate Change. The alignment of PICES with a global research program (
305:
established under a
Convention for a North Pacific Marine Science Organization. The Convention entered into force on 1992-03-24 with an initial membership that included the governments of
1024:
35:
860:
Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change.
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is a high priority activity in PICES and in many other organizations. Initially, PICES focused on the need to develop capacity in those member countries with
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ever published In the years that followed, PICES partnered with ICES, IOC, SCOR, and others to build its scientific and organizational reputations.
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41:
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409:) in the mid 1990s was fundamental to building the reputation of the organization in the international scientific community. Research on
1014:
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PICES Advisory Report on the Decline of Fraser River Sockeye Salmon Oncorhynchus nerka (Steller, 1743) in Relation to Marine Ecology.
338:
1019:
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Batchelder, H. P., Kim, S. (2008). "Climate Variability and Ecosystem Impacts on the North Pacific: A Basin-Scale Synthesis"
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379:, British Columbia, Canada in February 1973. ICES had provided a forum since 1902 for scientists bordering the
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the North Pacific. The first occasion where PICES had a leadership role was the Beyond El Niño Conference (
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had participated in the development of the Convention, it was not ratified there until 1994-12-16, by the
896:
McKinnell, S. M., Brodeur, R. D., Hanawa, K., Hollowed, A. B., Polovina, J .J., Zhang, Chank-Ik. (2001).
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964:
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A fundamental difference between PICES and ICES was a much lower priority on developing assessments of
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and provides a mechanism for information and data exchange among scientists in its member countries.
392:, USA in December 1991 to prepare for decisions made at the first annual meeting in October 1992 in
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1009:
173:
107:
802:"PICES Strategy on Capacity Development - PICES - North Pacific Marine Science Organization"
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883:
Report of the Study Group on the Fisheries and Ecosystem Responses to Recent Regime Shifts.
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8:
422:
76:
Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information.
824:
Anonymous (1991). Convention for a North Pacific Marine Science Organization (PICES).
538:, USA – 2000). The results of the conference appeared in the largest special issue of
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are located within the Convention Area (generally north of 30°N) but are not members.
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ecology in relation to environmental stressors in the North Pacific region (Korea)
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McKinnell, S. M., Curchitser, E., Groot, C., Kaeriyama, M., Myers, K. W. (2012).
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Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA.
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http://www.ices.dk/explore-us/who-we-are/Documents/ICES_Convention_1964.pdf
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Building local warning networks for the detection and human dimension of
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http://www.pices.int/members/scientific_programs/FUTURE/FUTURE-main.aspx
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285:), is an intergovernmental organization that promotes and coordinates
281:, (referring to the organization's status as a Pacific version of the
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on 1992-08-31 to increase membership to four countries. Although the
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388:, Canada on 1990-12-12. A scientific planning meeting was held in
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The Journey to PICES: Scientific Cooperation in the North Pacific
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funding sources, and links to their products are listed here:
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Report of Working Group 21 on Non-indigenous Aquatic Species
900:"Pacific climate variability and marine ecosystem impacts"
898:"Pacific climate variability and marine ecosystem impacts"
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Intergovernmental organizations established by treaty
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Marine ecosystem health and human well-being (Japan)
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International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
986:
373:United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization
498:Assessing the debris-related impacts from the
995:Fisheries and aquaculture research institutes
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854:Bindoff, N. L., Willebrand, J., Artale, V.,
333:acceded to the Convention on 1995-7-30. The
196:"North Pacific Marine Science Organization"
50:Learn how and when to remove these messages
826:http://www.pices.int/about/convention.aspx
279:North Pacific Marine Science Organization
265:Learn how and when to remove this message
247:Learn how and when to remove this message
145:Learn how and when to remove this message
630:Stewart M. McKinnell (Canada, 1999-2014)
528:
987:
942:Marine Ecosystems of the North Pacific
926:Marine Ecosystems of the North Pacific
923:McKinnell, S. M., Dagg, M. J. (2010).
449:
183:Please improve this article by adding
633:Harold P. Batchelder (USA, 2014-2021)
627:Alexander Bychkov (Russia, 1996-1999)
608:Alexander Bychkov (Russia, 1999-2014)
574:William Doubleday (Canada, 1996-1998)
339:Democratic People's Republic of Korea
317:. The Convention was ratified by the
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13:
728:Bindoff et al. 2007, Section 5.3.3
624:Motoyasu Miyata (Japan, 1992-1996)
605:Douglas McKone (Canada, 1993-1998)
589:Laura Richards (Canada, 2012-2016)
296:
14:
1036:
1015:Organizations established in 1992
577:Hyung Tack Huh (Korea, 1998-2002)
509:in Indonesian communities (Japan)
31:This article has multiple issues.
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586:Lev Bocharov (Russia, 2010-2012)
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1020:Intergovernmental organizations
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611:Robin Brown (Canada, 2015-2020)
595:Enrique Curchitser (USA, 2020-)
580:Vera Alexander (USA, 2002-2006)
571:Warren Wooster (USA, 1992-1996)
39:or discuss these issues on the
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468:climate regime shifts (U.S.A.)
303:intergovernmental organization
1:
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583:Tokio Wada (Japan, 2006-2010)
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185:secondary or tertiary sources
880:King, J. R., Editor (2005).
833:PICES Annual Report for 1992
614:Sonia Batten (Canada, 2020-)
592:Chul Park (Korea, 2016-2020)
396:, British Columbia, Canada.
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7:
1005:Oceanographic organizations
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352:Institute of Ocean Sciences
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636:Sanae Chiba (Japan, 2021-)
619:Deputy Executive Secretary
520:Ecosystem status reporting
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319:People's Republic of China
301:PICES is an international
287:marine scientific research
959:, Alaska Sea Grant Press.
70:This article needs to be
902:Progress in Oceanography
886:PICES Sci. Rep. No. 28.
871:Kestrup, Åsa M. (2014).
849:Progress in Oceanography
710:1992 PICES Annual Report
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540:Progress in Oceanography
507:Ciguatera fish poisoning
315:United States of America
782:McKinnell and Dagg 2010
719:Batchelder and Kim 2008
653:PICES Convention (1991)
955:Tjossem, Sara (2005).
791:McKinnell, S.M. et al.
692:ICES Convention (1964)
481:marine species (Japan)
172:relies excessively on
106:This article includes
1000:Biology organizations
764:McKinnell et al. 2012
945:PICES Spec. Pub. 1.
929:PICES Spec. Pub. 4.
913:PICES Sci. Rep. 41.
755:Kestrup, Åsa M. 2014
683:Tjossem 2005, p. 18.
555:developing economies
529:Global collaboration
837:PICES Secretariat.
830:Anonymous (1993).
600:Executive Secretary
450:Scientific programs
423:ocean acidification
904:Vol. 49, Nos. 1-4.
877:PICES Sci. Rep. 47
818:Anonymous (1964).
673:http://www.ices.dk
335:Republic of Mexico
327:Russian Federation
114:properly formatted
919:978-1-927797-08-2
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546:Capacity building
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473:algal blooms
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354:(located on
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33:Please help
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737:FUTURE 2009
435:fish stocks
989:Categories
813:References
773:PICES 2004
513:Sea turtle
441:Committees
313:, and the
207:newspapers
174:references
135:March 2018
82:March 2018
36:improve it
746:King 2005
431:fisheries
377:Vancouver
345:Oversight
42:talk page
566:Chairman
561:Officers
536:La Jolla
492:(Canada)
488:sockeye
479:invasive
471:harmful
394:Victoria
337:and the
237:May 2015
851:77(23).
502:(Japan)
500:tsunami
475:(Japan)
411:climate
400:Mandate
390:Seattle
366:History
221:scholar
121:improve
119:Please
72:updated
979:Oceans
965:Portal
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671:ICES,
490:salmon
407:GLOBEC
386:Ottawa
329:. The
307:Canada
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110:, but
641:Notes
375:, in
311:Japan
228:JSTOR
214:books
947:ISBN
931:ISBN
915:ISBN
888:ISBN
839:ISBN
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413:and
277:The
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