51:
327:
1150:
242:, in the north eastern province of Rio Grande do Norte. She created the name Nísia Floresta Brasileira Augusta as pseudonym under which she published her written works. The name Nísia Floresta Brasileira Augusta was an act of self-construction under which she wrote, taught, and lived. Each component of the name was intentional and significant. ‘Floresta’ after her parents’ land where she was born, ‘Brasileira’ as a patriotic statement of her identification with the newly independent
544:
criticisms because of their radical approaches to educating women. Instead of only teaching girls traditional topics like sewing and housework, the curriculum also included intellectual and scholarly materials. This was unpopular at the time because it was viewed as unnecessary to educate women in such topics if they were going to be housewives. Competing educators were especially critical of
Floresta and her teachings.
1204:
577:, Floresta fits into what she calls “good feminism.” This means that she did not intend to substantially change social relations, keeping women within the ideological limits of the private sphere. She wanted to improve women's education and empowerment while ensuring that they were still responsible for childrearing and other housework.
424:
and discussion of a trip to Greece. The first of these travel accounts was published in Paris, France in 1857 and translated into
Portuguese in 1982. The second, also published in Paris in French, was in two volumes published in 1864 and in 1872. Only the first volume was translated to Portuguese in 1998.
423:
Throughout her works, Floresta discusses many aspects of her personal life, including herself, her childhood, her deceased husband, and her family. There are also various travel stories within her writings. Among them are the itinerary of a trip to
Germany, information about her three years in Italy,
258:
same year, she married Manuel
Augusto de Faria Rocha, who she had two children with. Manuel Augusto died only seven months after the birth of their second child, leaving Floresta to support herself and two very young children, which she did by teaching. In 1832, Floresta's published her first work in
253:
for which she is mostly known (made in 1832 when she was only 22 years of age), and includes poetry, travel writings, and philosophical essays on morality and education. Most of these works have autobiographical content and are concerned with female virtues and moral upbringing. While the majority of
547:
Floresta worked to educate women because she believed that education was the key to empowerment, and that its absence was a leading cause of discrimination against women. Access to education would help women recognize and address their unequal social standing. Floresta also believed that an ignorant
359:
It was this book that gave
Floresta the title of the precursor of feminism in Brazil, and even Latin America itself, since there are no records of previous texts made with the intentions of educating and reflecting on one’s society in relation to feminism. Floresta did not stop there; in other books
257:
There were many significant events in
Floresta's early life that shaped her work and future. In 1823 Floresta married at the age of thirteen, but quickly returned to her family. Five years later in 1828 Floresta's father was assassinated at the command of a powerful member of the state's elite. That
543:
One reason
Floresta founded the college was because most of the top schools in the area at the time were not accepting women. Augusto College's innovative mission was to provide women with an education that was on par with what was available to men. Floresta and her school both received significant
391:
which was directed at her students. Later in her career, during her stay in Europe, Floresta published various accounts of her travels. Unfortunately, these journals have become difficult for scholars to locate. This is due to them getting lost or because
Floresta often signed her publications with
580:
Another author to address this ambivalence is Branca
Moreira Alves, for whom Floresta's feminism contains a romantic view of women where dedication to the family and home is still the guiding expectation. Floresta suggested several ways to maintain this traditional family system and keep a home,
564:
Floresta's role and relevance in the evolution of feminism in Brazil and in the emancipation of women in the country is undeniable. However, it is necessary to consider the politics of the author's own time and the context that she worked within. Scholars have criticized her somewhat ambivalent
584:
Scholars have also acknowledged the ideological shift that
Floresta underwent as a writer and a feminist. In her first work, she rejected radical changes to the present social order. She made it clear that she wanted things to stay in their current state and was not trying to impose any major
539:
and it operated in the center of the capital city for seventeen years. At the time, there was a surge of new schools in Rio de Janeiro, most of which were directed by Europeans and followed foreign education models. Augusto College was different from these other schools because it focused on
317:
On April 24, 1885, Floresta died from pneumonia in Rouen, France, at age 74. She was buried in the Bonsecours cemetery in France where she lived. In August 1954, nearly seventy years later, her remains were taken to her hometown and placed in a tomb at the Floresta farm where she was born.
551:
In her three works from 1847, all of which relate to teaching, Floresta criticized the education system that considered the sciences to be useless and corrupting to women. She also addressed the general failure of the teaching community and its current education standards in her 1853 work
375:
In addition to her first book, she had many pieces published in newspapers in Recife starting in 1830. Floresta also had many notable stories, poetry, novels, and essays that were later published in Rio de Janeiro newspapers. In 1841 she published her second book, under the title of
548:
population could be more easily manipulated by its government, and that was something she hoped to avoid by advocating for education for marginalized groups. Her philosophies around teaching and gender equality were guided by liberal, progressive, and positivist ways of thinking.
585:
changes. After her travels in Europe, however, her second work on the subject was more sharply analytical of the current education system and called for large-scale reform. She also expressed concerns about an ignorant population being open to manipulation.
540:
educating women and girls, rather than men. Students were taught science, languages, history, religion, geography, physical education, arts, and literature with the intention of fully preparing them for marriage and motherhood.
254:
Floresta’s works are in Portuguese, she also wrote in French and Italian, and some of her works were translated to English, Italian, and French during her lifetime, ensuring that her ideas circulated well beyond Brazil.
415:
The book is a collection of articles on female emancipation and favorably speaks about Auguste Comte, the father of positivism. The book discusses the author's thoughts on female education, in addition to addressing
301:
Floresta stayed in Europe from 1856 to 1872, during which time she traveled through Italy and Greece, publishing works in French and writing travel accounts. Between 1870 and 1871, she left Paris, on account of the
380:, which was a twelfth birthday present for her daughter Livia. Starting in 1847, her works began to include more thoughts on education while still focusing on gender equality. That year she also published
341:, published in 1832, is accredited with being a pioneer publication in Brazil on women's rights, especially dealing with education and work. This book was inspired by English feminist
278:
Floresta resigned as director of Augusto College in 1849 and traveled to Europe with her daughter after a serious horse riding accident. During this time, she was exposed to Comtean
249:
Floresta was a public intellectual who achieved international recognition during her lifetime. Her work extends well beyond her free translation of Mary Woolstonecraft's
210:
She is considered the "first Brazilian feminist" and possibly the first still in the 19th century to break through public-private boundaries by publishing her works in
352:
Floresta did not simply translate Wollstonecraft's book, but instead used the text to introduce her own reflections on then-conservative Brazilian society. Therefore,
310:, although little is known about her life during this period. She returned to Europe in 1875 and stayed in London, Lisbon, and Paris. She published her last work,
314:, in France in 1878. These trips to Europe exposed her to many new ideas and ways of thinking, such as Comtean positivism, that further radicalized her feminism.
286:
himself at the Palais Cardinal in Paris. She returned to Brazil in 1852 and dedicated herself to writing newspaper articles, which were later compiled into her
839:
533:
Floresta arrived in Rio de Janeiro on January 31, 1838, and, later that year, founded Augusto College. She announced the opening of the school in the
765:
306:, and traveled to England and Portugal before returning to Brazil. She was in Brazil from 1872 to 1875 during the abolitionist campaign led by
1239:
1184:
907:
474:
Discurso que às suas educandas diriga Nísia Floresta Brasileira Augusta (Speech to her students led Nísia Floresta Brazilian Augusta)
556:. In particular, she denounced schools run by foreigners who she claimed were unprepared to act as academic counselors or teachers.
50:
31:
1234:
347:
420:
in a general way. It also criticizes the teaching institutions of the time and their lack of focus and support for women.
1229:
973:"O livro "Direitos das mulheres e injustiça dos homens" de Nísia Floresta: literatura, mulheres e o Brasil do século XIX"
683:
223:
1159:
732:
298:
She volunteered as a nurse during a 1855 cholera epidemic in Rio de Janeiro before leaving for Europe again in 1856.
925:"EDUCAÇÃO DE MENINAS NO SÉCULO XIX ATRAVÉS DOS EXEMPLOS DA BRASILEIRA NÍSIA FLORESTA E DA ALEMÃ MATHILDE ANNEKE"
1244:
303:
17:
392:
an alias. The author's articles signed with "Quotidiana Fiesole", for example, were found in the newspapers
1249:
368:(1853), where the author condemns the educational training of women, in Brazil and in other countries, and
1176:
nature, nurture and nation: Nísia Floresta's engagement in the breast-feeding debate in Brazil and France
946:
924:
1174:
733:"A CONTRIBUIÇÃO DE NÍSIA FLORESTA PARA A EDUCAÇÃO FEMININA: pioneirismo no Rio de Janeiro oitocentista"
267:
1186:
Nísia Floresta Brasileira Augusta: pioneira do feminismo brasileiro – séc. xix Constância Lima Duarte
510:
Trois ans en Italie, suivis d’un voyage en Grèce (Three years in Italy, followed by a trip to Greece)
326:
522:
Fragments d'um ouvrage inèdit: notes biographiques (Fragments of an old work: biographical notes)
865:"Nísia Floresta e mulheres de letras no Rio Grande do Norte: pioneiras na luta pela cidadania"
1117:
1224:
1219:
652:
NÍSIA FLORESTA: O CONHECIMENTO COMO FONTE DE EMANCIPAÇÃO E A FORMAÇÃO DA CIDADANIA FEMININA
649:
360:
she continued to highlight the importance of women's education for both women and society.
266:. Then in 1837, Floresta and her family moved to Rio de Janeiro where she established the
8:
604:
594:
535:
342:
184:
114:
789:
Dicionário mulheres do Brasil : de 1500 até a atualidade : com 270 ilustrações
1095:
1076:
1035:
994:
886:
792:
655:
599:
219:
136:
1133:
1071:
1054:
989:
972:
881:
864:
270:
school for girls, where she taught and published her works for more than ten years.
1154:
1129:
1066:
1025:
984:
876:
744:
214:, when the local press was just beginning. She also coordinated a girls' school in
122:
434:
Direitos das mulheres e injustiça dos homens (Women's rights and injustice of men)
118:
1118:"A Questão da Representação Feminina Nos Cartazes Soviéticos – Algumas Questões"
813:
307:
215:
246:, and ‘Augusta’ in homage to her late husband, Manuel Augusto de Faria Rocha.
1213:
1080:
1039:
998:
890:
697:
659:
283:
1030:
1013:
796:
1096:"As (outras) mulheres brasileiras sobre quem deveríamos aprender na escola"
570:
337:
Floresta published many books and newspaper articles. Her first book,
263:
749:
767:
Nísia Floresta e a Escrita em Defensa da Educação Feminina nos Oitocentos
566:
650:
Silvério de Almeida; Cleide Rita Dal Mas Dias; Elaine Teresinha (2009).
1014:"Mulher e escritura: produção letrada e emancipação feminina no brasil"
404:
from Rio de Janeiro published a series of articles by Floresta, titled
279:
211:
196:
565:
feminist views for not being militant enough and for shifting between
1198:
1166:
Nísia Floresta, O Carapuceiro e outros ensaios de tradução cultural
787:
Schumaher, Schuma; Vital Brazil, Erico (2001). Zahar, Jorge (ed.).
609:
417:
204:
192:
1194:
908:
A Mulher na Luta por Direitos - Um Estudo na Perspectiva de Gênero
840:"Nísia Floresta: Ousadia de uma feminista no Brasil do século XIX"
951:
Matraga - Revista do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Letras da UERJ
847:
Universidade Regional do Noroeste do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul
259:
243:
239:
200:
180:
75:
356:
is not a direct translation, but instead a free translation.
227:
188:
92:
408:, where she discussed the relevance of education for women.
684:
Gender, Race, and Patriotism in the Works of Nísia Floresta
575:
Nísia Floresta: Vida e Obra (Nísia Floresta: Life and Work)
947:"As viagens e o discurso autobiográfico de Nísia Floresta"
238:
Dionísia Gonçalves Pinto was born October 12, 1810 in
146:
Social issues, philosophy, travel, feminism, education
786:
1018:
Pontos de Interrogação — Revista de Crítica Cultural
654:. Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia.
837:
528:
498:Páginas de uma vida obscura (Pages of a dark life)
312:Fragments d'un Ouvrage Inédit: Notes Biographiques
573:. For Constância Lima Duarte, author of the book
30:For the municipality in Rio Grande do Norte, see
1211:
922:
486:Dedicação de uma amiga (Dedication of a friend)
440:Conselhos à minha filha (Advice to my daughter)
282:through a History of Humanity course taught by
945:Duarte, Constância Lima (December 30, 2009).
763:
262:, and shortly afterwards the family moved to
1012:Duarte, Constância Lima (November 7, 2015).
581:husband, and children in her various works.
492:Opúsculo humanitário (Humanitarian brochure)
354:Direitos das mulheres e injustiça dos homens
339:Direitos das mulheres e injustiça dos homens
331:Direitos das mulheres e injustiça dos homens
1115:
971:Campoi, Isabela Candeloro (December 2011).
838:de Oliveira Itaquy, Antônio Carlos (2013).
737:Outros Tempos – Pesquisa Em Foco - História
731:Castro, Luciana Martins (October 8, 2010).
480:A lágrima de um Caeté (The tear of a caeté)
49:
27:Brazilian educator, translator, and writer
1070:
1029:
988:
880:
748:
773:(Thesis). Universidade Federal do Piauí.
325:
1093:
400:. From May to June 1851, the newspaper
14:
1212:
1052:
1011:
970:
944:
862:
730:
698:"Project Vox entry for Nísia Floresta"
1116:Karawejczyk, Mônica (March 5, 2012).
966:
964:
940:
938:
918:
916:
902:
900:
645:
411:In 1853, Floresta published her book
1240:19th-century Brazilian women writers
858:
856:
808:
806:
782:
780:
726:
724:
722:
720:
718:
679:
677:
675:
673:
671:
669:
643:
641:
639:
637:
635:
633:
631:
629:
627:
625:
559:
251:A Vindication of the Rights of Woman
348:Vindications of the Rights of Woman
218:and wrote a book in defense of the
32:Nísia Floresta, Rio Grande do Norte
24:
1055:"Feminismo e literatura no Brasil"
961:
935:
923:Candeloro Campoi, Isabela (2011).
913:
897:
382:Daciz ou A Jovem Completa, Fany ou
321:
25:
1261:
1144:
910:. Universidade Federal da Paraíba
853:
803:
777:
715:
666:
622:
372:(1859) are all examples of this.
290:, as well as other works such as
273:
173:Nísia Floresta Brasileira Augusta
1202:
1151:Works by or about Nísia Floresta
1053:Duarte, Constância Lima (2003).
814:"Memória Viva de Nísia Floresta"
695:
427:
233:
1134:10.18223/hiscult.v6i1.1977.s228
1109:
1094:Modelli, Laís (April 1, 2017).
1087:
1072:10.1590/s0103-40142003000300010
1046:
1005:
990:10.1590/s0101-90742011000200010
882:10.1590/s0104-026x2005000100016
529:Educational philosophy and work
155:
154:Manuel Augusto de Faria Rocha (
831:
757:
689:
386:Modelo das Donzelas e Discurso
13:
1:
863:Soihet, Rachel (April 2005).
615:
1235:19th-century Brazilian poets
906:Fernandes da Silva, Simone.
764:Pinheiro Dias, Luma (2017).
686:, Charlotte Hammond Matthews
296:Páginas de uma vida obscura.
7:
1201:(public domain audiobooks)
1170:(in Portuguese and English)
588:
464:O modelo das donzelas (Fany
362:Son Conselhos a minha filha
10:
1266:
1230:Brazilian feminist writers
869:Revista Estudos Feministas
191:, France) was a Brazilian
29:
468:The model of the maidens)
454:The complete young woman)
406:The Emancipation of Women
203:, poet, philosopher, and
162:
150:
142:
131:
107:
99:
82:
60:
48:
41:
177:Dionísia Gonçalves Pinto
64:Dionísia Gonçalves Pinto
1195:Works by Nísia Floresta
1031:10.30620/p.i..v1i1.1431
450:A jovem completa (Daciz
398:O Campeão da Legalidade
378:Conselhos à minha filha
179:, (October 12, 1810 in
818:www.memoriaviva.com.br
394:O Recompilador Federal
334:
292:Dedicação de uma amiga
1245:Brazilian women poets
750:10.18817/ot.v7i10.108
413:Opusculo Humanitario.
329:
977:História (São Paulo)
554:Opúsculo humanitário
504:A Mulher (The woman)
366:Opúsculo humanitário
288:Opúsculo humanitário
187:– April 24, 1885 in
135:Poetry, nonfiction,
1250:Brazilian feminists
696:Team, Project Vox.
595:First-wave feminism
343:Mary Wollstonecraft
185:Rio Grande do Norte
1122:História e Cultura
536:Jornal do Comércio
516:Le Brésil (Brasil)
335:
1160:Book analysis at
1059:Estudos Avançados
600:List of feminists
560:Feminist ideology
170:
169:
16:(Redirected from
1257:
1206:
1205:
1191:
1181:
1171:
1155:Internet Archive
1138:
1137:
1113:
1107:
1106:
1104:
1102:
1091:
1085:
1084:
1074:
1050:
1044:
1043:
1033:
1009:
1003:
1002:
992:
968:
959:
958:
942:
933:
932:
920:
911:
904:
895:
894:
884:
860:
851:
850:
844:
835:
829:
828:
826:
824:
810:
801:
800:
784:
775:
774:
772:
761:
755:
754:
752:
728:
713:
712:
710:
708:
693:
687:
681:
664:
663:
647:
605:Women's suffrage
224:Native Americans
157:
103:Educator, writer
89:
73:October 12, 1810
72:
70:
53:
39:
38:
21:
1265:
1264:
1260:
1259:
1258:
1256:
1255:
1254:
1210:
1209:
1203:
1190:(in Portuguese)
1189:
1180:(in Portuguese)
1179:
1169:
1147:
1142:
1141:
1114:
1110:
1100:
1098:
1092:
1088:
1065:(49): 151–172.
1051:
1047:
1010:
1006:
969:
962:
943:
936:
921:
914:
905:
898:
861:
854:
842:
836:
832:
822:
820:
812:
811:
804:
785:
778:
770:
762:
758:
729:
716:
706:
704:
694:
690:
682:
667:
648:
623:
618:
591:
562:
531:
430:
324:
322:Scholarly works
276:
268:Augusto College
236:
220:rights of women
175:, pseudonym of
127:
91:
87:
74:
68:
66:
65:
56:
44:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1263:
1253:
1252:
1247:
1242:
1237:
1232:
1227:
1222:
1208:
1207:
1192:
1182:
1172:
1157:
1146:
1145:External links
1143:
1140:
1139:
1128:(1): 103–125.
1108:
1086:
1045:
1004:
983:(2): 196–213.
960:
934:
912:
896:
875:(1): 193–195.
852:
830:
802:
776:
756:
714:
688:
665:
620:
619:
617:
614:
613:
612:
607:
602:
597:
590:
587:
561:
558:
530:
527:
526:
525:
519:
513:
507:
501:
495:
489:
483:
477:
471:
457:
443:
437:
429:
426:
384:also known as
323:
320:
308:Joaquim Nabuco
304:Prussian siege
275:
274:Time in Europe
272:
235:
232:
216:Rio de Janeiro
168:
167:
164:
160:
159:
152:
148:
147:
144:
140:
139:
133:
129:
128:
126:
125:
111:
109:
105:
104:
101:
97:
96:
90:(aged 74)
86:April 24, 1885
84:
80:
79:
62:
58:
57:
55:Nísia Floresta
54:
46:
45:
43:Nísia Floresta
42:
26:
18:Nisia Floresta
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1262:
1251:
1248:
1246:
1243:
1241:
1238:
1236:
1233:
1231:
1228:
1226:
1223:
1221:
1218:
1217:
1215:
1200:
1196:
1193:
1188:
1187:
1183:
1178:
1177:
1173:
1168:
1167:
1163:
1158:
1156:
1152:
1149:
1148:
1135:
1131:
1127:
1123:
1119:
1112:
1097:
1090:
1082:
1078:
1073:
1068:
1064:
1060:
1056:
1049:
1041:
1037:
1032:
1027:
1023:
1019:
1015:
1008:
1000:
996:
991:
986:
982:
978:
974:
967:
965:
956:
952:
948:
941:
939:
930:
929:Revista NUPEM
926:
919:
917:
909:
903:
901:
892:
888:
883:
878:
874:
870:
866:
859:
857:
848:
841:
834:
819:
815:
809:
807:
798:
794:
790:
783:
781:
769:
768:
760:
751:
746:
742:
738:
734:
727:
725:
723:
721:
719:
703:
699:
692:
685:
680:
678:
676:
674:
672:
670:
661:
657:
653:
646:
644:
642:
640:
638:
636:
634:
632:
630:
628:
626:
621:
611:
608:
606:
603:
601:
598:
596:
593:
592:
586:
582:
578:
576:
572:
568:
557:
555:
549:
545:
541:
538:
537:
523:
520:
517:
514:
511:
508:
505:
502:
499:
496:
493:
490:
487:
484:
481:
478:
475:
472:
469:
465:
461:
458:
455:
451:
447:
444:
441:
438:
435:
432:
431:
428:List of works
425:
421:
419:
414:
409:
407:
403:
399:
395:
390:
387:
383:
379:
373:
371:
367:
363:
357:
355:
351:
349:
344:
340:
332:
328:
319:
315:
313:
309:
305:
299:
297:
293:
289:
285:
284:Auguste Comte
281:
271:
269:
265:
261:
255:
252:
247:
245:
241:
234:Personal life
231:
229:
225:
221:
217:
213:
208:
206:
202:
198:
194:
190:
186:
182:
178:
174:
165:
161:
153:
149:
145:
141:
138:
134:
130:
124:
120:
116:
113:
112:
110:
106:
102:
98:
94:
85:
81:
77:
63:
59:
52:
47:
40:
37:
33:
19:
1185:
1175:
1165:
1161:
1125:
1121:
1111:
1099:. Retrieved
1089:
1062:
1058:
1048:
1021:
1017:
1007:
980:
976:
954:
950:
928:
872:
868:
846:
833:
821:. Retrieved
817:
788:
766:
759:
740:
736:
707:November 17,
705:. Retrieved
701:
691:
651:
583:
579:
574:
571:conservative
563:
553:
550:
546:
542:
534:
532:
521:
515:
509:
503:
497:
491:
485:
479:
473:
467:
463:
459:
453:
449:
445:
439:
433:
422:
412:
410:
405:
401:
397:
393:
388:
385:
381:
377:
374:
369:
365:
361:
358:
353:
346:
338:
336:
330:
316:
311:
300:
295:
291:
287:
277:
264:Porto Alegre
256:
250:
248:
237:
209:
176:
172:
171:
88:(1885-04-24)
36:
1225:1885 deaths
1220:1810 births
702:Project Vox
567:avant-garde
1214:Categories
616:References
280:positivism
212:newspapers
197:translator
137:travelogue
115:Portuguese
100:Occupation
69:1810-10-12
1081:0103-4014
1040:2237-9681
1024:(1): 76.
999:0101-9074
891:0104-026X
660:756025033
402:O Liberal
345:’s book,
1199:LibriVox
797:71323343
610:Feminism
589:See also
418:pedagogy
370:A Mulher
364:(1842),
205:feminist
193:educator
163:Children
143:Subjects
108:Language
95:, France
78:, Brazil
1153:at the
123:Italian
1162:Scielo
1101:May 8,
1079:
1038:
997:
889:
823:May 8,
795:
743:(10).
658:
524:, 1878
518:, 1871
512:, 1870
506:, 1859
500:, 1855
494:, 1853
488:, 1850
482:, 1847
476:, 1847
470:, 1847
456:, 1847
442:, 1842
436:, 1832
260:Recife
244:Brazil
240:Papari
228:slaves
201:writer
181:Papari
151:Spouse
119:French
76:Papari
843:(PDF)
771:(PDF)
446:Daciz
189:Rouen
158:1828)
132:Genre
93:Rouen
1103:2019
1077:ISSN
1036:ISSN
995:ISSN
887:ISSN
825:2019
793:OCLC
709:2023
656:OCLC
569:and
460:Fany
396:and
294:and
226:and
83:Died
61:Born
1197:at
1130:doi
1067:doi
1026:doi
985:doi
877:doi
745:doi
466:or
462:ou
452:or
448:ou
1216::
1164::
1124:.
1120:.
1075:.
1063:17
1061:.
1057:.
1034:.
1020:.
1016:.
993:.
981:30
979:.
975:.
963:^
955:15
953:.
949:.
937:^
927:.
915:^
899:^
885:.
873:13
871:.
867:.
855:^
845:.
816:.
805:^
791:.
779:^
739:.
735:.
717:^
700:.
668:^
624:^
230:.
222:,
207:.
199:,
195:,
183:,
156:m.
121:,
117:,
1136:.
1132::
1126:6
1105:.
1083:.
1069::
1042:.
1028::
1022:1
1001:.
987::
957:.
931:.
893:.
879::
849:.
827:.
799:.
753:.
747::
741:7
711:.
662:.
389:,
350:.
333:.
166:2
71:)
67:(
34:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.