399:(PL) and a dissident faction of the Brazilian Socialist Party (PSB). Emílio Carlos and Jânio fought for the nomination of Fernando Ferrari (then a member of the PDC, and formerly of the PTB) as vice-presidential candidate. However, the UDN did not accept this nomination and instead promoted its own candidate, Milton Campos. This led to division in the electorate and resulted in the reelection of PTB candidate João Goulart, this time the running mate of
43:
291:, Borghi proposed the merger of the PTN with the PTB, but this proposal was unsuccessful, due to the resistance of Emílio Carlos, who defended the independence of the PTN. Nonetheless, the party supported the candidacy of Getúlio Vargas for the presidency of the Republic, thus allying itself with the PTB. The PTN put forward its own candidate, Hugo Borghi, for the governnorship of São Paulo, but he was defeated by
307:, five in Goiás and nine in São Paulo. At the beginning of 1951 Borghi and some of his followers returned to the PTB, splitting with Emílio Carlos, who remained in the PTN. The PTN now evolved under the supervision of Emílio Carlos, but its electoral capacity remained limited, with São Paulo continuing to be its main electoral base and its expansion to other states, through coalitions, still constrained..
280:. He was defeated in the election of January 1947 and returned to the PTB. After calling a PTB convention he was reelected president of its state directory, but the PTB national leadership refused to recognise the election, and expelled Borghi from the party. Borghi subsequently joined the PTN, bringing with him an entourage of former PTB members, including
412:
little influence on his government, seeking only the maintenance of the coalition that had secured Jânio's victory. With the aim of accumulating more power to his presidency, Jânio gambled by resigning on August 25, 1961 in the hope that
Congress would offer him the powers that he was seeking. Instead, Congress accapted his resignation, and
361:. The PTN nominated its own Senator, Auro de Moura Andrade, for the vice-presidency. This appointment was made under pressure from Jânio Quadros, in an agreement between him and Juscelino, preparing the ground for the latter's support for Jânio's presidential candidacy in 1961. This agreement was not cemented, however, and instead
411:
The election of Jânio
Quadros represented the high-water mark of the PTN's influence. Once Jânio was elected and his mandate had started in January 1961, he steered an erratic course both in domestic and foreign policy, which alienated him from supporters on both his left and his right. The PTN had
387:
In the 1958 elections, the PTN maintained significant growth in São Paulo, electing, in coalition with the
Christian Democratic Party (PDC), Carlos Alberto de Carvalho Pinto to the position of state governor, and eight deputies to the Federal Chamber (Emilio Carlos, Olavo de Castro Fontoura, Rui
276:, an agro-industrial entrepreneur, owner of several radio stations, and the leader of the São Paulo PTB, withdrew from the PTB due to his disagreements with the party leadership. Without canceling his PTB membership, Borghi allowed himself to be put forward as the PTN's candidate for the
284:, who he promoted in 1948 to the national leadership of the party, after a power struggle between the PTB dissidents and other pre-existing factions. Borghi also cemented his own control over the São Paulo section of the party.
431:, together with the Movimento Trabalhista Renovador (MTR - the Labour Renewal Movement), managing to elect nine federal deputies, mainly due to the large number of votes obtained by Emílio Carlos. It also ran in coalitions in
462:
In São Paulo, its electoral base, the PTN maintained its support for Jânio
Quadros as its gubernatorial candidate, but Jânio's resignation from the presidency had discredited him among voters, and he lost the race to
298:
Electoral success was negligeable for the PTN in 1950. In São Paulo, the PTN elected five federal deputies (Emílio Carlos, Dario de Barros, Joaquim
Coutinho Cavalcanti, Nélson Omegna, Alberto Botino), and just one in
342:, Miguel Leuzzi, Luís Francisco de Silva Carvalho, Luís Carlos Pujol and Carlos Castilho Cabral). The PTN remained rooted in São Paulo, however, and failed to expand its base any further.
222:#2. In 1995, 30 years after the PTN's enforced extinction, a new party was created with the same name, claiming historical lineage, and in 2016 this party was renamed to
801:
770:
717:
391:
The following year, the PTN held its annual convention and launched the candidacy of Jânio
Quadros to run for the presidency of the Republic in the
354:
188:
207:(January 31 to August 25, 1961). Quadros' premature resignation from the presidency, in a failed gamble to increase his powers, triggered the
806:
529:). This party arguably belongs to the oft-changing multiplicity of non-ideological parties (or so-called "rental" parties) known as the
235:
555:
609:
376:
with the objective of guaranteeing the inauguration of the elected president, which was threatened by the opposition of the
392:
346:
417:
358:
324:
243:
184:
120:
479:
377:
192:
331:
277:
636:
690:
483:
212:
388:
Novais, Gualberto
Moreira, Harry Normanton, Hamilton Prado, Luís Francisco da Silva Carvalho and Miguel Leuzzi).
288:
258:
195:), it did serve, from 1954 until its dissolution in 1965, as the political vehicle for one consequential figure,
19:
Not to be confused with the currently existing party, formed in 1995 with the same name, and renamed in 2016 to
218:
In the wake of the 1964 coup d'état, along with every other party, the PTN was oulawed on
October 27, 1965, by
372:'s suicide on August 25, 1954, the PTN supported the November 11 Movement, which deposed the acting president
320:
497:
Along with all the other existing parties at the time, the PTN was dissolved as a result of the enactment of
522:
475:
died suddenly in Brasília, leaving the PTN without leadership. From then on, the party played a minor role.
338:
was elected to the Senate in coalition with the PSB. In addition, the party elected five federal deputies (
76:
173:
85:
211:(a Campanha da Legalidade), which contributed significantly to the political instability leading to the
327:(PDC), he was also backed by the PTN and Brazilian Socialist Party (PSB). For the 1954 election to the
743:
472:
339:
281:
153:
365:, popularly known as Jango, became Juscelino's running mate. Both Juscelino and Jango were elected.
468:
396:
303:(João d’Abreu), in coalition with the PSP. In state assemblies, the party elected four deputies in
292:
266:
183:
Although the PTN never became as influential as the three main parties of the Fourth
Republic (the
521:. The party has been associated from its founding until the present day with the Abreu family (
509:
In 1995 a new party was formed with the same name, PTN, claiming historical affiliation to the
421:
400:
208:
335:
510:
350:
250:, who was never elected to any political office before his relatively early death in 1949.
157:
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8:
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456:
265:
with the
Progressive Republican Party (PRP), which was renamed the following year as the
254:
247:
204:
141:
125:
380:(UDN). A few days later, the PTN voted in favour of the impeachment of former President
744:"Centrão é mais antigo do que você pensa. O que é o bloco que ninguém admite ser parte"
498:
219:
115:
100:
368:
Consistent with its position of support for Juscelino's candidacy, and in the wake of
486:, the PTN tried in April 1964 to promote, without success, the more moderate general
444:
440:
369:
239:
161:
534:
464:
223:
20:
518:
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The PTN's first significant electoral success came in 1953, with the election of
177:
718:"O que é o Centrão, o grupo que domina o Congresso e se aproximou de Bolsonaro?"
491:
413:
362:
334:, Jânio switched party to the PTN and was elected to the post. At the same time
273:
795:
670:. Faculdade de Filosofia, Letras e Ciências Humanas Universidade de São Paulo
478:
Realising that Congress would be obliged to ratify the candidacy of General
381:
526:
487:
349:, the PTN's national convention confirmed its support for the candidacy of
304:
169:
165:
105:
81:
50:
452:
427:
In the October 1962 elections, the PTN formed the Jânista Coalition in
373:
530:
89:
42:
582:
261:
held on December 2, 1945, the party participated in a coalition in
436:
300:
663:
238:
who were seeking to create a trade union movement independent of
93:
448:
432:
253:
In its first months, the party supported the candidacy of
771:"Forget a coup. Beware Brazil's bottom-feeding congress"
234:The PTN was formed in 1945 by people linked to the
802:Political parties of the Fourth Brazilian Republic
323:. Although Quadros was elected as a member of the
793:
610:"Brazil's Fourth Republic, Part V: Jânio Vem Aí"
246:. Among its early members was the samba artist
259:elections for the National Constituent Assembly
553:
691:"Brazil's Fourth Republic, Part VI: Legality"
168:. Ideologically, the party represented more
583:"Paulo da Portela: o Cidadão Samba e o PCB"
533:. The party's name was changed in 2016 to
504:
406:
41:
152:) was a Brazilian political party of the
634:
395:in alliance with the UDN, the PDC, the
257:for the presidency of the Republic. In
156:. It came into being in 1945, when the
794:
664:"Jânio Quadros renuncia à Presidência"
768:
715:
310:
807:Defunct political parties in Brazil
688:
607:
353:, launched by the coalition of the
13:
480:Humberto de Alencar Castelo Branco
384:, preventing his return to power.
14:
818:
661:
164:was liberalised after the end of
16:Defunct Brazilian political party
580:
482:for the presidency of Brazil in
229:
762:
736:
709:
682:
655:
628:
601:
589:. Partido Comunista Brasileiro
574:
556:"Partido Trabalhista Nacional"
547:
1:
554:de Morais Ferreira, Marieta.
540:
203:(1955–59), and very briefly
146:Partido Trabalhista Nacional
34:Partido Trabalhista Nacional
7:
490:, who had been a member of
420:became president after the
347:1955 presidential elections
10:
823:
641:www.historiadomundo.com.br
325:Christian Democratic Party
18:
378:National Democratic Union
289:elections of October 1950
111:
99:
75:
67:
59:
49:
40:
28:
501:#2 on October 27, 1965.
267:Social Progressive Party
55:Emilio Carlos(1948–1963)
748:www.gazetadopovo.com.br
637:"Governo Jânio Quadros"
525:, Dorival de Abreu and
505:Present-day incarnation
471:. On January 23, 1963,
407:Decline and dissolution
355:Social Democratic Party
101:Political position
401:Henrique Teixeira Lott
145:
716:Venaglia, Guilherme.
635:Neves Silva, Daniel.
336:Auro de Moura Andrade
293:Lucas Nogueira Garcez
213:military coup of 1964
138:National Labour Party
31:National Labour Party
722:www.cnnbrasil.com.br
511:economic nationalism
351:Juscelino Kubitschek
775:The Washington Post
643:. História do Mundo
523:José Masci de Abreu
515:right-wing populism
457:Rio Grande do Norte
255:Eurico Gaspar Dutra
205:president of Brazil
321:mayor of São Paulo
236:Ministry of Labour
116:Politics of Brazil
499:Institutional Act
422:Legality Campaign
311:Electoral success
220:Institutional Act
209:Legality Campaign
134:
133:
121:Political parties
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786:
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781:
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71:October 27, 1965
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548:
543:
507:
416:(Jango) of the
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397:Liberator Party
382:João Café Filho
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178:labour movement
154:Fourth Republic
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662:Fuini, Pedro.
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614:www.medium.com
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441:Espírito Santo
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393:1960 elections
357:(PSD) and the
312:
309:
240:Getúlio Vargas
231:
228:
199:, governor of
174:traditionalist
162:Getúlio Vargas
132:
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86:Traditionalism
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473:Emílio Carlos
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317:Jânio Quadros
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287:Ahead of the
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282:Emílio Carlos
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230:Early history
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197:Jânio Quadros
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778:. Retrieved
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752:. Retrieved
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724:. CNN Brasil
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699:. Retrieved
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672:. Retrieved
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645:. Retrieved
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618:. Retrieved
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603:
591:. Retrieved
586:
576:
564:. Retrieved
560:www18.fgv.br
559:
549:
527:Renata Abreu
508:
496:
494:government.
488:Amaury Kruel
477:
461:
426:
414:João Goulart
410:
390:
386:
367:
363:João Goulart
344:
314:
305:Minas Gerais
297:
295:of the PSP.
286:
278:governorship
271:
252:
233:
217:
182:
170:conservative
166:World War II
149:
137:
135:
106:Centre-right
82:Conservatism
332:governerate
274:Hugo Borghi
158:Estado Novo
796:Categories
695:medium.com
587:pcb.org.br
541:References
374:Carlos Luz
142:Portuguese
689:Map Max.
608:Map Max.
445:Guanabara
429:São Paulo
329:São Paulo
272:In 1946,
263:São Paulo
201:São Paulo
126:Elections
90:Labourism
780:3 August
754:2 August
728:2 August
701:2 August
697:. Medium
620:2 August
616:. Medium
593:2 August
566:5 August
453:Maranhão
77:Ideology
674:31 July
647:31 July
535:Podemos
531:Centrão
492:Jango's
467:of the
269:(PSP).
224:Podemos
94:Janismo
60:Founded
21:Podemos
370:Vargas
68:Banned
51:Leader
562:. FGV
437:Ceará
433:Bahia
301:Goiás
782:2023
756:2023
730:2023
703:2023
676:2023
649:2023
622:2023
595:2023
568:2023
513:and
484:1964
455:and
449:Pará
191:and
172:and
136:The
63:1945
517:of
469:PSP
418:PTB
359:PTB
319:as
244:PTB
242:'s
193:UDN
189:PSD
185:PTB
160:of
150:PTN
798::
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140:(
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