2746:, p. 38:Pitt's measures for carrying through this policy of repression were skilfully designed. We have seen how he rooted out the Corresponding Societies, and killed for a generation even the middle-class movement for reform. Legal persecution, backed up by the evidence of spies and informers, and by counter-propaganda subsidised by the State, was adequate for this purpose. The factory and mining districts had to be held down by more vigorous methods. In addition to sending into every working-class body that could be found spies, informers, and even provocative agents, and so disrupting the working-class movements, because no man in them knew whether he could trust his neighbour... he built barracks at strategic points throughout the country, and used his concentrated military force in order to overawe the people.
1038:
1773:, Louisiana during the early 20th century. Although the groups maintained racially separate labour unions, they coordinated efforts to present a united front when making demands of their employers. These pledges included a commitment to the "50-50" or "half-and-half" system wherein a dock crew would consist of 50% black and 50% white workers and agreement on a single wage demand to reduce the risk of ship owners pitting one race against the other. Black and white dockworkers also cooperated during protracted labour strikes, including the
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and protests are becoming our everyday tools, just as strikes, demonstrations and union organization became yours to insure that bargaining power genuinely existed on both sides of the table Our needs are identical to labor's needs: decent wages, fair working conditions, livable housing, old age security, health and welfare measures That is why the labor-hater and labor-baiter is virtually always a twin-headed creature spewing anti-Negro epithets from one mouth and anti-labor propaganda from the other mouth.
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2857:, p. 39Overawed by military force, ceaselessly spied and reported upon by agents of the Government or the local magistrates, liable to severe sentences for conspiracy under common law or for violation of the Combination Acts if they attempted any concerted action, it is not surprising that for a long time the factory workers and miners failed to create any stable combinations. It is more surprising that they managed to combine at all.
1815:
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laissez-faire policy, labourers expressed their discontent in the form of the first large scale strikes in the new factory districts. Agitation did not end until it was agreed that weavers would receive a 20% increase in wages. In 1813 and 1814 Parliament would repeal the last of the apprentice laws which had been intended to protect wage rates and employment, but which had also fallen into serious disuse many decades before.
1888:
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without the continuous technological and international trade pressures during the
Industrial Revolution, these trade unions remained sporadic and localised only to certain regions and professions, and there was not yet enough impetus for the formation of a widespread and comprehensive labour movement. Therefore, the labour movement is usually marked as beginning concurrently with the Industrial Revolution in the
953:
regions and professions. These early trade unions were fairly small and limited in scope and were separated from unions in other geographical areas or unions in other professions. The unions would strike, collectively bargain with employers, and, if that did not suffice, petition parliament for the enforcement of the
Elizabethan statues. The first groups in England to practice early trade unionism were the
837:
2477:, p. 40-41: "in the middle of the century the weavers found their customary earnings dwindling, they managed so far to combine as to make their voices heard at Westminster. In 1555 we find them complaining "that the rich do many ways oppress them" by putting unapprenticed men to work..."some also by giving much less wages and hire for weaving of clothes than they did in the past"
1342:, the first attempt at international coordination, was founded in London in 1864. The major issues included the right of the workers to organize themselves, and the right to an 8-hour working day. In 1871 workers in France rebelled and the Paris Commune was formed. From the mid-19th century onward the labour movement became increasingly globalised:
1875:
With ever-increasing levels of international trade and increasing influence of multinational corporations, there has been debate and action among labour movements to attempt international co-operation. This has resulted in renewed efforts to organize and collectively bargain internationally. A number
1720:
Labour festivals have long been a part of the labour movement. Often held outdoors in the summer, the music, talks, food, drink, and film have attracted hundreds of thousands of attendees each year. Labour festival is a yearly feast of all the unionism gathering, to celebrate the fulfillment of their
1106:
of 1795 which made certain words acts of treason, limited public gatherings to fifty people or fewer, and enforced licensing for anyone who wanted to speak in a public debate or lecture hall. In 1797 the L.C.S was outlawed by parliament, temporarily crushing the
British labour movement. Additionally,
952:
There is no record of enduring trade unions existing prior to the 18th century. Beginning from 1700 onward there are records of complaints in the United
Kingdom, which increase through the century, that show instances of labourers "combining" together to raise wages had become a phenomenon in various
1152:, was formed. Spence, a pamphleteer in London since 1776, believed in the socialized distribution of land and changing England into a federalized government based on democratically elected parish communes. The society was small and had only a limited presence in English politics. Other leaders such
1111:. Trade unionism in the United Kingdom illegally continued into the 19th century despite increasing hardship. Determined workers refused to allow the law to entirely eradicate trade unionism. Some employers chose to forgo legal prosecution and instead bargained and cooperated with workers' demands.
1781:
Negroes in the United States read the history of labour and find it mirrors their own experience. We are confronted by powerful forces telling us to rely on the good will and understanding of those who profit by exploiting us They are shocked that action organizations, sit-ins, civil disobedience
931:
in 1555 who asserted that the owners were "giving much less wages and hire for weaving of clothes than they did in the past." This legislation was intended to ensure just compensation for workers throughout the country so they could maintain a "competent livelihood". This doctrine of parliamentary
898:
within the guilds would occasionally act together to demand better wage rates and conditions, and these ad hoc groupings can be considered the forerunners of the modern labour movement. These formations were succeeded by trade unions forming in the United
Kingdom in the 18th century. Nevertheless,
894:. The guilds were expected to protect the interests of the owners, labourers, and consumers through regulation of wages, prices, and standard business practices. However, as the increasingly unequal and oligarchic guild system deteriorated in the 16th and 17th centuries, spontaneous formations of
1219:, and an extension of power to magistrates which gave them the ability to ban public gatherings. In protest of the Gagging Acts, as well as the poor working conditions in the textile industry, workers in Manchester attempted to march on London to deliver petitions in a demonstration known as the
1128:
can be traced back to the 1808 failure of the 'Minimum Wage Bill' in parliament which supporters had seen as a needed countermeasure for the endemic poverty among the working classes of industrial United
Kingdom. After the failure of the Minimum Wage Bill displayed the government's commitment to
943:
by the mid 18th century. Consequently, from 1760 on, real wages began to fall and food prices began to rise giving increased motivation for political and social agitation. As the guild system became increasingly obsolete and parliament abolished the old medieval labour protections, forswearing
1346:
Labour has been central to the modern globalization process. From issues of the embodied movement of workers to the emergence of a global division of labour, and organized responses to capitalist relations of production, the relevance of labour to globalization is not new, and it is far more
1365:, also known as "On the Condition of the Working Classes," in which he advocated a series of reforms including limits on the length of the work day, a living wage, the elimination of child labour, the rights of labour to organise, and the duty of the state to regulate labour conditions.
1477:
have often been constrained by national borders that have restricted movement of workers. Labour laws are also primarily determined by individual nations or states within those nations. While there have been some efforts to adopt a set of international labour standards through the
1123:
went on strike around 1805, demanding enforcement of the old
Elizabethan laws empowering magistrates to fix wages to meet the costs of living; however, after three weeks the strike was ended when the police arrested the strike leaders. A renewed stimulus to organised labour in the
944:
responsibility for maintaining living standards, the workers began to form the earliest versions of trade unions. The workers on the lowest rungs found it necessary to organise in new ways to protect their wages and other interests such as living standards and working conditions.
1258:
and named the "Philanthropic
Hercules". Although this enterprise quickly folded, pro-labour political agitation and demonstrations increased in popularity throughout industrial United Kingdom culminating in 1819 with an incident in St. Peter's field, Manchester, known as the
1144:
started to sabotage and destroy the machinery used in textile production. As the industry was still decentralized at the time and the movement was secretive, none of the leadership was ever caught and employers in the
Midlands textile industry were forced to raise wages.
1680:
While archetypal labour parties are made of direct union representatives, in addition to members of geographical branches, some union federations or individual unions have chosen not to be represented within a labour party and/or have ended association with them.
976:, weavers went on strike and rioted in 1765, 1769, and 1773 until parliament relented and allowed justices in the area to fix wage rates. Artisans and workers would also create small craft clubs or trade clubs in each town or locality and these groups such as the
961:. As early as 1718 a royal proclamation was given in opposition to the formation of any unsanctioned bodies of journeymen attempting to affect wages and employment. Despite the presumption that unionising was illegal, it continued throughout the 18th century.
932:
involvement remained in place until about 1700 at which point the practice of wage regulation began to decline, and in 1757 parliament outright rescinded the
Weavers Act of 1756, abandoning its power of wage regulation and signaling its newfound dedication to
1285:
was possibly the first mass working-class labour movement in the world, originating in England during the mid-19th century between 1838 and 1848. It takes its name from the People's Charter of 1838, which stipulated the six main aims of the movement as:
2376:
the Craft Guild was looked upon as the representative of the interests, not of any one class alone, but of the three distinct and somewhat antagonistic elements of modern society, the capitalist entrepreneur, the manual worker, and the consumer at
2973:, p. 53-55:In 1814....the Act of 54 Geo. III. c. 96 swept away the apprenticeship clauses of the statute, and with them practically the last remnant of that legislative protection of the Standard of Life which survived form the Middle Ages."
1172:, as a general economic downturn in 1815 led to a revival in pro-labour politics. During this time, half of each worker's wages was taxed away, unemployment greatly increased, and food prices would not drop from their war time highs.
1253:
In spite of government suppression, the labour movement in the United Kingdom continued, and 1818 marked a new round of strikes as well as the first attempt at establishing a single national union that encompassed all trades, led by
2575:
of the eighteenth century sought to perpetuate those legal or customary regulations of their trade which, as they believed, protected their own interests. When these regulations fell into disuse the workers combined to secure their
805:
Labor is prior to, and independent of, capital. Capital is only the fruit of labor, and could never have existed if labor had not first existed. Labor is the superior of capital, and deserves much the higher consideration.
1168:, rose to the head of the labour movement demanding the lowering of taxes, the abolition of pensions and sinecures, and an end to payments of the war debt. This radicalism increased in the aftermath of the end of the
3277:
1876:
of international union organizations have been established in an attempt to facilitate international collective bargaining, to share information and resources and to advance the interests of workers generally.
771:. As these were achieved in many of the advanced economies of western Europe and north America in the early decades of the 20th century, the labour movement expanded to issues of welfare and social insurance,
885:
causing an influx of low-skilled labour and a concomitant decline in real wages and living standards for workers in urban areas. Prior to the industrial revolution, economies in Europe were dominated by the
1274:
initiated a reform movement aimed at lobbying parliament into abolishing the anti-union Combination Acts. Unions were legalised in the Combination Acts of 1824 and 1825, however some union actions, such as
2588:, p. 20-21: "We have failed to discover...any evidence to the existence prior to 1700 of continuous associations of wage-earners for the maintaining or improving the conditions of their employment"
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1014:, and the popular press, in order to gain their support as he advocated for an increase in the voting franchise, popular rights, and an end to corruption. When he was imprisoned for criticizing
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Strikes and riots by miners and framework knitters occurred throughout England over the course of the 18th century, often resorting to machine breaking and sabotage. In 1751 wool-combers in
1482:(ILO), international sanctions for failing to meet such standards are very limited. In many countries labour movements have developed independently and represent those national boundaries.
1388:
for many workers. There have been many important labour activists in modern history who have caused changes that were revolutionary at the time and are now regarded as basic. For example,
2403:, p. 9:The industrial revolution, which is the real starting-point of the story of organised labour is generally said to have taken place in this country between about 1760 and 1830
1319:
Eventually, after Chartism died out, the United Kingdom adopted the first five reforms. The Chartist movement had a lasting impact in the development of the political labour movement.
3269:
3397:
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2961:, p. 40:In 1813 the clauses for the regulation of wages in the Elizabethan law were formally repealed, and in 1814 the apprenticeship clauses were also abrogated"
2600:, p. 21:" In the early years of the eighteenth century we find isolated complaints of combinations "lately entered into" by the skilled workers in certain trades"
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which placed the power to regulate wages and employment in the hands of local officials in each parish. Parliament had been responding to petitions made by English
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in 1792. Membership in the society increased rapidly and by the end of the year it may have had as many as three thousand chapters in the United Kingdom.
1179:
there was mass rioting throughout United Kingdom. Many working-class papers started being published and received by a wide audience, including Cobbet's "
2758:, p. 23-24:The Government was thrown into panic by this new working-class radicalism. A whole series of repressive measures were put into operation
2869:, p. 38:the Combination Act failed in its great object of destroying trade unionism, but this is far from saying that it was entirely ineffective.
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If 'labourism' sought to protect and defend the interests of labour in relation to this system, 'socialism' sought to change the system itself...
3168:
Griffiths, John; Evans, Vic (2014). "The Chartist Legacy in the British World: Evidence from New Zealand's Southern Settlements, 1840s–1870s".
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In 1812 the first radical, socialist, pro-labour society, the 'Society of Spencean Philanthropists', named after the radical social agitator
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Many individuals and political groups otherwise considered to represent ruling classes may be part of, and active in, the labour movement.
644:, workers campaign for higher wages, better working conditions and fair treatment from their employers, and through the implementation of
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and attempted to recruit a wide range of unskilled and semi-skilled workers, such as dockers, seamen, gasworkers and general labourers.
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1923:
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1263:. The British government responded with another round of draconian measures aimed at putting down the labour movement, known as the
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1913:
1037:
2465:, p. 41-42: "In 1563, indeed, Parliament expressly charged itself with securing to all wage-earners a "convenient livelihood"
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318:
1102:, and, in 1794, the leadership of the L.C.S was arrested and tried. Speech and public gatherings were tightly restricted by the
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1207:, were formed after a model suggested by Major Cartwright. During a speech by Henry Hunt, a group of Spenceans initiated the
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1326:" was used in the 1880s to describe an innovative form of trade unionism. The new unions were generally less exclusive than
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in 1768, which resulted in a round of strikes and riots throughout England. Other notable radicals at the time included
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goals, to bring solutions to certain hindrances and to reform unjust actions of their employers or government.
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The Elizabethan Apprentice Laws lasted in England until the early 19th century, but were becoming increasingly
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224:
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to disrupt the labour movement. The most infamous early case of government anti-labour espionage was that of
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formed a union which both disallowed hiring non-members and provided aid for out-of-work members. In the
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New Forms of Worker Organization: The Syndicalist and Autonomist Restoration of Class-Struggle Unionism
2094:
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1140:, or machine-breaker, movement, began. In response to declining living standards, workers all over the
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The United Kingdom saw an increasing number of large-scale strikes, mainly in the north. In 1811 in
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and 1907 as well as smaller strikes involving skilled workers such as screwmen in the early 1900s:
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1000:, which had increasingly cropped up British society since 1700, as cover for union activities.
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1211:. This outbreak of lawlessness led to a government crackdown on agitation in 1817 known as the
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In 1891, localised labour parties were formed, by trade union members in British colonies in
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1968:
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1082:, booksellers selling Paine's or other radical works were arrested, the Scottish reformers
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Modern labour parties originated from an increase in organising activities in Europe and
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The movement gained major impetus during the late 19th and early 20th centuries from the
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Working Stiffs, Union Maids, Reds, and Riffraff: An Expanded Guide to Films about Labor
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U.S. labor in the twentieth century: studies in working-class struggles and insurgency
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2734:, p. 23:This it did quite rapidly and by the end of 1792 may have totalled 3,000
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1958:
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1045:, the first political society in the United Kingdom focused on working-class politics
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3270:"The National Archives Learning Curve | Power, Politics and Protest | The Chartists"
1053:, radicalism became even more prominent in English politics with the publication of
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gives representatives of workers seats on the board of directors of their employers.
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LaborNet: Global online communication for a democratic, independent labour movement
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Geary, Dick. "Socialism, Revolution and the European Labour Movement, 1848-1918."
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A Testament of Hope: The Essential Writings and Speeches of Martin Luther King, Jr
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3467:(ILR Press books), Cornell University Press, revised and expanded edition 2003,
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From this point onward the British government also began using hired spies and
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1071:, the government responded with wide-scale political repression spearheaded by
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St. James Press Encyclopedia of Labor History Worldwide, St. James Press 2003
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1238:, which led to the leadership being indicted on treason charges and executed.
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forming unions or combinations was made illegal under legislation such as the
632:, as well as political parties of labour. It can be considered an instance of
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2308:, by Abraham Lincoln, edited by Ida Minerva Tarbell, Ginn, 1911 / 2008, pg 77
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657:
624:
to further their shared political and economic interests. It consists of the
621:
339:
274:
234:
199:
125:
3554:"Justice Thunders Condemnation" – a video history of labour legislation
3181:
6171:
6161:
5636:
5561:
5501:
5476:
5421:
5073:
5035:
5000:
4525:
4460:
4380:
4340:
4335:
4265:
4038:
4026:
3993:
3887:
3882:
3828:
3666:
3608:
2532:
2044:
1397:
1377:
1369:
1323:
1212:
1196:
1054:
969:
887:
768:
756:
673:
419:
384:
367:
264:
249:
214:
164:
159:
151:
85:
2306:
Selections from the Letters, Speeches, and State Papers of Abraham Lincoln
1215:, which included the suppression of the Spencean society, a suspension of
5641:
5611:
5601:
5556:
5431:
5020:
4975:
4940:
4630:
4540:
4325:
4285:
4197:
3988:
3908:
3877:
3867:
3857:
3787:
3711:
3701:
3686:
3618:
3415:, Philadelphia, Pa.: Temple Univ. Press 2004 (Series 'Labor in Crisis'),
2039:
2008:
1978:
1903:
1695:
1639:
1603:
1220:
1007:
996:
could use their clubs to unionize. Workers could also use the ubiquitous
981:
891:
866:
732:
641:
293:
120:
90:
70:
3533:
The Canadian Museum of Civilization – Canadian Labour History, 1850–1999
3482:, The Green Mountain Anarchist Collective, Catamount Tavern Press, 2004.
1738:
6201:
6186:
6181:
5626:
5098:
4748:
4625:
4595:
4490:
4355:
4330:
4320:
4239:
4229:
4147:
3872:
3691:
3359:
2023:
1963:
1647:
1643:
1368:
Throughout the world, action by labourists has resulted in reforms and
1078:. Paine was forced to flee the country after his work was deemed to be
1068:
1018:, his followers protested and were fired upon by the government at the
916:
895:
744:
720:
645:
565:
259:
254:
6239:
6191:
5521:
5083:
4640:
4535:
4427:
4187:
4033:
3968:
3953:
3948:
3862:
1988:
1953:
1933:
1176:
993:
985:
764:
752:
751:
of the late 18th and early 19th centuries, at about the same time as
374:
115:
110:
3479:
Neither Washington Nor Stowe: Common Sense For The Working Vermonter
1814:
1412:
5546:
5103:
4787:
4605:
4385:
4370:
3963:
3563:
3496:
3391:
3242:
1632:
1373:
1290:
1282:
1264:
1141:
1079:
958:
760:
229:
1804:
45:
6229:
4445:
4063:
2572:
1973:
1381:
1137:
1120:
989:
977:
928:
912:
404:
3427:
Forces of Labor. Worker's Movements and Globalization since 1870
2321:
A Short History of the British Working Class Movement: 1789-1947
5396:
5331:
4011:
3923:
973:
352:
3537:
3032:
3030:
2838:
2836:
2691:
2689:
2652:
2650:
2648:
1887:
5621:
4021:
1771:
black and white dockworkers on the waterfronts of New Orleans
1203:. In addition, new political clubs focused on reform, called
362:
4396:
3547:
1347:
significant in shaping the world than is usually recognized.
3054:
3027:
2833:
2773:
2749:
2713:
2686:
2645:
2635:
2633:
2278:
Eatwell & Wright, Roger & Anthony (March 1, 1999).
915:
the guild system was usurped in its regulation of wages by
3453:, Red and Black Publishers, St Petersburg, Florida, 2007.
3332:, edited by James Melvin Washington, HarperCollins, 1991,
3299:"Tolpuddle Martyrs festival expects record-breaking crowd"
16:
Economic and political movement seeking to advance workers
3107:
3042:
2964:
2618:
2579:
2562:
2550:
2480:
2468:
2456:
1769:
A degree of strategic biracial cooperation existed among
861:
The labour movement has its origins in Europe during the
3119:
3085:
3083:
3081:
3066:
3017:
3015:
2976:
2872:
2860:
2797:
2785:
2725:
2701:
2674:
2630:
1060:
in 1791 and the foundation of the working-class focused
2662:
2591:
1588:
History of the socialist movement in the United States
1355:
tradition which began in 1891 with the publication of
3393:
Globalization and Economy, Vol. 4: Globalizing Labour
3244:
Globalization and Economy, Vol. 4: Globalizing Labour
3095:
3078:
3012:
3000:
2988:
2902:
2821:
2608:
2606:
2492:
1010:
used mass appeal to workers through public meetings,
2328:
2277:
1883:
672:representing the interests of workers campaign for
2952:
2848:
2809:
2761:
2737:
2603:
2514:The British Labour Movement, 1770-1920: A History
2382:
2280:Contemporary Political Ideologies: Second Edition
2255:American and British English spelling differences
1658:, several labour parties amalgamated to form the
6292:
3386:
3374:The U.S. labor movement:References and Resources
3237:
2394:
865:of the late 18th and early 19th centuries, when
820:
2353:. Longmans, Green and Company. pp. 16–17.
2324:. George Allen & Unwin LTD. pp. 15–18.
1805:Development of an international labour movement
957:wool workers and the framework knitters in the
881:moved employment to more industrial areas like
743:The labour movement developed as a response to
648:, from their governments. They do this through
3167:
2504:
4412:
4002:
3579:
2889:
2887:
2411:
2409:
827:History of trade unions in the United Kingdom
597:
3247:. London: Sage Publications. pp. ix–x.
2893:
2511:Morton, Arthur Leslie; Tate, George (1975).
919:in the 16th century with the passage of the
2927:. Cambridge University Press. p. 127.
2914:
1843:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
1441:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
755:. The early goals of the movement were the
6197:Definition of anarchism and libertarianism
4419:
4405:
4316:International comparisons of labour unions
3586:
3572:
3072:
3060:
3036:
2982:
2924:British Drama of the Industrial Revolution
2884:
2878:
2866:
2842:
2803:
2791:
2779:
2755:
2731:
2719:
2707:
2695:
2656:
2510:
2406:
1924:List of international labour organizations
1392:, better known as "Mother Jones", and the
906:
604:
590:
1863:Learn how and when to remove this message
1461:Learn how and when to remove this message
1234:who, in 1817, incited and encouraged the
853:Please consider summarizing the material.
3113:
3048:
2970:
2668:
2624:
2597:
2585:
2568:
2556:
2486:
2474:
2462:
2346:
1914:General Confederation of Labour (France)
1646:briefly formed the world's first labour
1240:
1036:
715:Though historically less prominent, the
3548:CEC: A Labour Resource Centre in India
3125:
2920:
2827:
2680:
2639:
2415:
2340:
2311:
6293:
5200:Spanish Regional Federation of the IWA
3372:Robert N. Stern, Daniel B. Cornfield,
3196:
1673:, following an 1899 resolution by the
1635:in the United Kingdom during 1838–48.
1518:History of Social Democracy in Germany
1396:were important in the campaign to end
1340:International Workingmen's Association
873:jobs disappeared and were replaced as
4400:
3567:
3379:John Hinshaw and Paul LeBlanc (ed.),
2444:from the original on 25 December 2021
2347:Webb, Sidney; Webb, Beatrice (1902).
1631:during the 19th century, such as the
3593:
3485:
3429:, Cambridge University Press, 2003,
3311:from the original on 15 January 2022
3149:from the original on 1 February 2023
3101:
3089:
3021:
3006:
2994:
2958:
2908:
2854:
2815:
2767:
2743:
2612:
2498:
2400:
2388:
2334:
2317:
1841:adding citations to reliable sources
1808:
1733:
1650:, lasting one week. From 1901, when
1642:. In 1899, the Labour Party for the
1608:
1439:adding citations to reliable sources
1406:
830:
735:. This is related to the concept of
3538:LabourStart: Trade union web portal
3383:, Amherst, NY: Humanity Books, 2000
2419:A History of British Trade Unionism
2282:. Bloomsbury Academic. p. 83.
2080:Trade unions in Antigua and Barbuda
1709:
1700:History of the cooperative movement
688:(in English-speaking countries), a
280:Workers' right to access the toilet
13:
3413:Labor's story in the United States
3347:
2225:Trade unions in the United Kingdom
1729:
620:is the collective organisation of
14:
6312:
4178:Labour spies in the United States
3526:
3202:
2230:Labor unions in the United States
1619:List of social democratic parties
1584:Labor unions in the United States
1480:International Labour Organisation
1394:National Catholic Welfare Council
1322:In the United Kingdom, the term "
1223:march, which ultimately failed.
923:apprentice laws such as the 1562
6259:
5235:International Conference of Rome
5225:International Conference of Rome
4291:Diversity, equity, and inclusion
2898:. Hogarth Press. pp. 12–14.
2140:Iraqi Federation of Trade Unions
1886:
1813:
1737:
1577:
1411:
1249:which occurred on 16 August 1819
1245:A contemporary depiction of the
835:
175:Diversity, equity, and inclusion
44:
4109:Enterprise bargaining agreement
3400:from the original on 2020-09-23
3323:
3291:
3280:from the original on 2021-03-16
3262:
3251:from the original on 2020-09-23
3231:
3219:from the original on 8 May 2015
3161:
3131:
2941:from the original on 2021-09-25
2539:from the original on 2021-12-24
2517:. Greenwood Press. p. 12.
2416:Pelling, Henry (27 July 2016).
2367:from the original on 2021-09-26
1919:Industrial Workers of the World
1799:
1792:"If the Negro Wins, Labor Wins"
1689:
1671:Labour Representation Committee
1597:
1544:
1404:during the early 20th century.
1114:
947:
5347:Australian Anarchist Centenary
5272:German Revolution of 1918–1919
4361:Occupational safety and health
3213:London Metropolitan University
2299:
2271:
2243:
1533:
1279:activities were restricted.
1136:, a new movement known as the
1020:Massacre of St George's Fields
225:Occupational safety and health
220:Occupational safety and health
1:
4986:Decentralized planned economy
4426:
3396:. London: Sage Publications.
2350:The History of Trade Unionism
2264:
1775:general levee strikes in 1892
1540:Labor movement of South Korea
1384:, and the achievement of the
1315:Annual election of Parliament
1305:Pay for Members of Parliament
821:Origins in the United Kingdom
348:Chronological list of strikes
4581:Proletarian internationalism
2195:Trade unions in South Africa
2110:Trade unions in Burkina Faso
1551:Trade unions in South Africa
1485:
1333:
1270:In 1819 the social reformer
1067:Fearful of this new English
1062:London Corresponding Society
1043:London Corresponding Society
903:, roughly around 1760-1830.
890:which had originated in the
684:. They are usually called a
7:
5282:1919 United States bombings
3717:Duty of fair representation
3657:National trade union centre
3358:15, no. 4 (1972): 794–803.
3274:www.nationalarchives.gov.uk
2921:Burwick, Frederick (2015).
2210:Trade unions in Switzerland
1879:
1592:
1293:for all men age 21 and over
708:countries), or sometimes a
10:
6317:
6235:Situationist International
5307:Spanish Revolution of 1936
5165:Self-managed social center
4114:Global Framework Agreement
3451:IWW: A Documentary History
3390:; O'Brien, Robert (2007).
3241:; O'Brien, Robert (2007).
2095:Australian labour movement
1713:
1704:
1693:
1612:
1601:
1581:
1570:
1559:
1548:
1537:
1526:
1511:
1507:
1500:
1492:Australian labour movement
1489:
1359:'s foundational document,
824:
798:
6254:
6141:
5701:
5651:
5376:
5362:Really Really Free Market
5357:1999 Seattle WTO protests
5179:
5051:
4959:
4923:
4876:
4799:
4730:
4721:
4671:
4646:Temporary autonomous zone
4571:Permanent autonomous zone
4506:Consensus decision-making
4434:
4248:
4170:
4140:
4086:
3901:
3850:
3841:
3796:
3730:
3639:
3632:
3599:
3376:, G.K. Hall & Co 1996
2215:Labour movement in Taiwan
2085:Trade unions in Argentina
2031:including art and culture
1724:
1656:Commonwealth of Australia
1623:List of socialist parties
1566:
1496:
1308:An end to the need for a
1182:Weekly Political Register
1175:After the passage of the
850:and excessively detailed.
311:International comparisons
245:Right to rest and leisure
185:Employment discrimination
5352:Carnival Against Capital
5277:Bavarian Soviet Republic
5266:Manifesto of the Sixteen
5160:Radical environmentalism
5109:Independent Media Center
5041:Workers' self-management
4486:Autonomous social center
4296:Equal pay for equal work
4132:Union security agreement
4099:Collaborative bargaining
3748:Social movement unionism
2236:
2220:Trade unions in Tanzania
2180:Trade unions in Pakistan
2160:Trade unions in Maldives
2155:Trade unions in Malaysia
2120:Trade unions in Ethiopia
2105:Trade unions in Botswana
2019:International labour law
1944:Catholic social teaching
1909:Canadian Labour Congress
1555:
1522:
1353:Catholic Social Teaching
1119:The Scottish weavers of
1088:Rev. Thomas Fyshe Palmer
96:Social movement unionism
4981:Cost the limit of price
4123:Mutual gains bargaining
3939:Occupation of factories
3662:Global union federation
3411:Philip Yale Nicholson,
3182:10.1111/1468-229X.12075
3139:"The Chartist movement"
2422:. Springer. p. 8.
2205:Swedish labour movement
2190:Trade unions in Senegal
2145:Trade unions in Ireland
2125:Trade unions in Germany
2090:Trade unions in Armenia
2070:Trade unions in Andorra
2065:Trade unions in Algeria
2060:Trade unions in Albania
1894:Organized labour portal
1573:Swedish labour movement
1562:Labor movement in Spain
1514:Trade unions in Germany
1296:Voting by secret ballot
1049:With the advent of the
907:16th and 17th centuries
690:social democratic party
306:Trade union federations
301:Trade unions by country
5777:Bosnia and Herzegovina
4586:Propaganda of the deed
4576:Prefigurative politics
4566:Participatory politics
4511:Conscientious objector
4301:Exploitation of labour
3979:Organizational dissent
3073:Morton & Tate 1975
3061:Morton & Tate 1975
3037:Morton & Tate 1975
2983:Morton & Tate 1975
2896:A History of Socialism
2879:Morton & Tate 1975
2867:Morton & Tate 1975
2843:Morton & Tate 1975
2804:Morton & Tate 1975
2792:Morton & Tate 1975
2780:Morton & Tate 1975
2756:Morton & Tate 1975
2732:Morton & Tate 1975
2720:Morton & Tate 1975
2708:Morton & Tate 1975
2696:Morton & Tate 1975
2657:Morton & Tate 1975
2571:, p. 19-20: "the
2150:Labour unions in Japan
2075:Trade unions in Angola
1929:Political ideologies:
1797:
1788:Martin Luther King, Jr
1660:Australian Labor Party
1652:six colonies federated
1615:List of Labour parties
1503:Trade unions in Brazil
1372:, such as the two-day
1349:
1310:property qualification
1250:
1046:
808:
205:Freedom of association
76:Exploitation of labour
6225:Libertarian socialism
5342:Kate Sharpley Library
5317:Red inverted triangle
5260:High Treason Incident
5250:Congress of Amsterdam
4656:Voluntary association
4466:Anti-authoritarianism
4456:Anarchist criminology
4451:Anarchist Black Cross
4158:Workers' compensation
4104:Collective bargaining
3758:Members-only unionism
3209:www.unionhistory.info
3205:"Timeline: 1880–1914"
2894:Sally Graves (1939).
2318:Cole, G.D.H. (1952).
2200:Trade unions in Spain
2185:Trade unions in Qatar
2170:Trade unions in Niger
2165:Trade unions in Nauru
2135:Trade unions in India
2130:Trade unions in Ghana
2115:Trade unions in Egypt
2100:Trade unions in Benin
1999:Catholic trade unions
1779:
1582:Further information:
1571:Further information:
1560:Further information:
1549:Further information:
1538:Further information:
1529:Labor unions in Japan
1527:Further information:
1512:Further information:
1501:Further information:
1490:Further information:
1344:
1244:
1201:Reformists's Register
1040:
925:Statute of Artificers
863:Industrial Revolution
825:Further information:
803:
749:Industrial Revolution
733:cooperative ownership
731:, and other types of
729:consumer cooperatives
719:campaigns to replace
660:. In some countries,
650:collective bargaining
630:labour union movement
190:Employment protection
170:Collective bargaining
6266:Anarchism portal
5672:Fictional characters
5155:Radical cheerleading
3768:Open-source unionism
3682:Father of the chapel
3672:Union representative
3176:(5 (338)): 797–818.
3114:Webb & Webb 1902
3049:Webb & Webb 1902
2971:Webb & Webb 1902
2669:Webb & Webb 1902
2625:Webb & Webb 1902
2598:Webb & Webb 1902
2586:Webb & Webb 1902
2569:Webb & Webb 1902
2557:Webb & Webb 1902
2487:Webb & Webb 1902
2475:Webb & Webb 1902
2463:Webb & Webb 1902
2175:Trade unions in Oman
1969:Democratic socialism
1900:Labour federations:
1837:improve this section
1675:Trade Union Congress
1667:British Labour Party
1644:Colony of Queensland
1435:improve this section
1109:1799 Combination Act
723:of the economy with
721:capitalist ownership
717:cooperative movement
551:Industrial relations
540:Academic disciplines
136:National-syndicalism
106:Democratic socialism
6215:Left-libertarianism
5292:Kronstadt rebellion
5230:Trial of the Thirty
5195:Revolutions of 1848
5137:No gods, no masters
4946:Synthesis anarchism
4936:Anarcho-syndicalism
4924:Types of federation
4366:Occupational stress
4220:Demarcation dispute
4203:Anti-union violence
3824:Industrial unionism
3783:Solidarity unionism
3697:Vigilance committee
3677:Clerk of the chapel
2055:National movements
1949:Christian socialism
1939:Anarcho-syndicalism
1794:, December 11, 1961
1669:was created as the
1041:A handbill for the
777:income distribution
773:wealth distribution
725:worker cooperatives
656:, and when needed,
654:sectoral bargaining
131:Anarcho-syndicalism
6167:Anti-globalization
5837:Dominican Republic
5662:Anarcho-punk bands
5322:Labadie Collection
5312:Barcelona May Days
5215:Cantonal rebellion
5149:Property is theft!
5115:The Internationale
5069:Anarchist bookfair
4868:Without adjectives
4723:Schools of thought
4351:Professional abuse
4153:Union wage premium
4127:Pattern bargaining
4059:Solidarity actions
3919:Diversity training
3753:Community unionism
3449:Lenny Flank (ed),
3365:2022-04-06 at the
3356:Historical Journal
2035:Left-wing politics
1749:. You can help by
1251:
1228:agent provocateurs
1047:
998:friendly societies
815:, December 3, 1861
737:economic democracy
240:Professional abuse
6288:
6287:
6245:Spontaneous order
6177:Anti-war movement
5682:Jewish anarchists
5190:French Revolution
5143:Popular education
4919:
4918:
4636:Spontaneous order
4496:Classless society
4394:
4393:
4276:Conflict theories
4271:Four-day workweek
4166:
4165:
4082:
4081:
3984:Industrial action
3893:Union co-op model
3837:
3836:
3809:Independent union
3773:Business unionism
3459:978-0-9791813-5-1
3421:978-1-59213-239-3
3145:. UK Parliament.
2524:978-0-8371-7865-3
2429:978-1-349-12968-3
1959:Council communism
1873:
1872:
1865:
1767:
1766:
1633:Chartist movement
1629:European colonies
1609:Political parties
1471:
1470:
1463:
1390:Mary Harris Jones
1261:Peterloo Massacre
1247:Peterloo Massacre
1058:The Rights of Man
1051:French Revolution
1003:In politics, the
879:industrialization
859:
858:
757:right to unionise
670:Political parties
614:
613:
571:Post-work society
400:Solidarity action
210:Legal working age
66:Conflict theories
6308:
6264:
6263:
6262:
6157:Anti-consumerism
6152:Anti-corporatism
5302:Amakasu Incident
5245:Strandza Commune
5220:Haymarket affair
5121:Jewish anarchism
5063:A las Barricadas
5031:Social ownership
5016:Market socialism
4991:Free association
4951:Union of egoists
4728:
4727:
4661:Workers' council
4651:Union of egoists
4611:Security culture
4521:Decentralization
4516:Critique of work
4421:
4414:
4407:
4398:
4397:
4281:Critique of work
4256:35-hour workweek
4044:Pen-down strikes
4000:
3999:
3851:Shops and hiring
3848:
3847:
3738:Organizing model
3637:
3636:
3594:Organized labour
3588:
3581:
3574:
3565:
3564:
3555:
3521:
3519:
3518:
3509:. Archived from
3425:Beverly Silver:
3408:
3406:
3405:
3341:
3327:
3321:
3320:
3318:
3316:
3307:. 15 July 2011.
3295:
3289:
3288:
3286:
3285:
3266:
3260:
3259:
3257:
3256:
3235:
3229:
3228:
3226:
3224:
3200:
3194:
3193:
3165:
3159:
3158:
3156:
3154:
3135:
3129:
3128:, p. 22-23.
3123:
3117:
3116:, p. 85-86.
3111:
3105:
3104:, p. 49-50.
3099:
3093:
3092:, p. 47-49.
3087:
3076:
3070:
3064:
3063:, p. 42-43.
3058:
3052:
3051:, p. 82-83.
3046:
3040:
3039:, p. 40-41.
3034:
3025:
3024:, p. 45-46.
3019:
3010:
3009:, p. 44-45.
3004:
2998:
2997:, p. 41-42.
2992:
2986:
2980:
2974:
2968:
2962:
2956:
2950:
2949:
2947:
2946:
2918:
2912:
2911:, p. 40-41.
2906:
2900:
2899:
2891:
2882:
2876:
2870:
2864:
2858:
2852:
2846:
2845:, p. 33-35.
2840:
2831:
2825:
2819:
2813:
2807:
2801:
2795:
2789:
2783:
2782:, p. 25-27.
2777:
2771:
2765:
2759:
2753:
2747:
2741:
2735:
2729:
2723:
2722:, p. 22-23.
2717:
2711:
2705:
2699:
2698:, p. 12-13.
2693:
2684:
2683:, p. 10-11.
2678:
2672:
2666:
2660:
2659:, p. 18-19.
2654:
2643:
2642:, p. 12-13.
2637:
2628:
2627:, p. 39-40.
2622:
2616:
2610:
2601:
2595:
2589:
2583:
2577:
2566:
2560:
2559:, p. 35-37.
2554:
2548:
2547:
2545:
2544:
2508:
2502:
2501:, p. 39-40.
2496:
2490:
2489:, p. 43-45.
2484:
2478:
2472:
2466:
2460:
2454:
2453:
2451:
2449:
2413:
2404:
2398:
2392:
2386:
2380:
2379:
2373:
2372:
2344:
2338:
2337:, p. 11-12.
2332:
2326:
2325:
2315:
2309:
2303:
2297:
2296:
2275:
2258:
2247:
2050:Social criticism
2014:Critique of work
1984:Social democracy
1896:
1891:
1890:
1868:
1861:
1857:
1854:
1848:
1817:
1809:
1795:
1762:
1759:
1741:
1734:
1710:Labour festivals
1686:
1466:
1459:
1455:
1452:
1446:
1415:
1407:
1209:Spa Fields riots
1096:Maurice Margarot
1076:Pitt the Younger
1028:Major Cartwright
871:cottage industry
854:
839:
838:
831:
816:
793:common ownership
662:co-determination
606:
599:
592:
556:Labour economics
546:Critique of work
390:Pen-down strikes
101:Social democracy
48:
38:
37:Organized labour
28:
21:
20:
6316:
6315:
6311:
6310:
6309:
6307:
6306:
6305:
6301:Labour movement
6291:
6290:
6289:
6284:
6260:
6258:
6250:
6249:
6248:
6206:Labour movement
6137:
6136:
6135:
5697:
5696:
5695:
5647:
5646:
5645:
5372:
5371:
5370:
5367:Occupy movement
5240:Ferrer movement
5175:
5174:
5173:
5089:Escuela Moderna
5047:
5046:
5045:
4955:
4915:
4872:
4836:Insurrectionary
4795:
4717:
4716:
4715:
4667:
4666:
4665:
4591:Refusal of work
4476:Anti-militarism
4471:Anti-capitalism
4430:
4425:
4395:
4390:
4244:
4162:
4136:
4119:Master contract
4094:Bargaining unit
4078:
4074:Wildcat strikes
3998:
3944:Precarious work
3914:Contingent work
3897:
3843:
3833:
3792:
3726:
3652:Union organizer
3628:
3614:Labour movement
3595:
3592:
3553:
3529:
3524:
3516:
3514:
3507:
3403:
3401:
3367:Wayback Machine
3350:
3348:Further reading
3345:
3344:
3328:
3324:
3314:
3312:
3304:TheGuardian.com
3297:
3296:
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2341:
2333:
2329:
2316:
2312:
2304:
2300:
2290:
2276:
2272:
2267:
2262:
2261:
2248:
2244:
2239:
2234:
1892:
1885:
1882:
1869:
1858:
1852:
1849:
1834:
1818:
1807:
1802:
1796:
1786:
1763:
1757:
1754:
1747:needs expansion
1732:
1730:Racial equality
1727:
1718:
1716:Labour festival
1712:
1707:
1702:
1692:
1684:
1625:
1611:
1606:
1600:
1595:
1590:
1580:
1575:
1569:
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1510:
1505:
1499:
1494:
1488:
1467:
1456:
1450:
1447:
1432:
1416:
1370:workers' rights
1336:
1236:Pentrich Rising
1192:The Black Dwarf
1170:Napoleonic Wars
1134:Nottinghamshire
1117:
1016:King George III
955:West of England
950:
921:Elizabethan Era
909:
855:
852:
840:
836:
829:
823:
818:
813:Abraham Lincoln
810:
801:
787:and education,
781:public services
702:socialist party
678:social security
618:labour movement
610:
581:
580:
576:Refusal of work
541:
533:
532:
531:
436:
426:
425:
424:
415:Wildcat strikes
410:Whipsaw strikes
395:Sitdown strikes
342:
332:
331:
328:
296:
286:
285:
284:
270:Toxic workplace
154:
144:
143:
140:
58:
56:Labour movement
36:
26:
17:
12:
11:
5:
6314:
6304:
6303:
6286:
6285:
6283:
6276:
6269:
6255:
6252:
6251:
6247:
6242:
6237:
6232:
6227:
6222:
6220:Libertarianism
6217:
6212:
6210:Left communism
6207:
6204:
6199:
6194:
6189:
6184:
6179:
6174:
6169:
6164:
6159:
6154:
6149:
6148:
6147:
6145:
6143:Related topics
6139:
6138:
6134:
6129:
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6114:
6112:United Kingdom
6109:
6104:
6099:
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5909:
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5869:
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5859:
5854:
5849:
5844:
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5829:
5827:Czech Republic
5824:
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5814:
5809:
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5779:
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5559:
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5549:
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5539:
5534:
5529:
5524:
5519:
5514:
5509:
5504:
5499:
5494:
5489:
5484:
5482:González Prada
5479:
5474:
5469:
5464:
5459:
5454:
5449:
5444:
5439:
5434:
5429:
5424:
5419:
5414:
5409:
5404:
5399:
5394:
5389:
5384:
5383:
5382:
5380:
5374:
5373:
5369:
5364:
5359:
5354:
5349:
5344:
5339:
5334:
5329:
5324:
5319:
5314:
5309:
5304:
5299:
5297:Makhnovshchina
5294:
5289:
5284:
5279:
5274:
5269:
5262:
5257:
5252:
5247:
5242:
5237:
5232:
5227:
5222:
5217:
5212:
5210:Hague Congress
5207:
5202:
5197:
5192:
5187:
5186:
5185:
5183:
5177:
5176:
5172:
5167:
5162:
5157:
5152:
5145:
5140:
5133:
5128:
5123:
5118:
5111:
5106:
5101:
5096:
5091:
5086:
5081:
5076:
5071:
5066:
5059:
5058:
5057:
5055:
5049:
5048:
5044:
5043:
5038:
5033:
5028:
5023:
5018:
5013:
5011:Labour voucher
5008:
5006:Give-away shop
5003:
4998:
4996:General strike
4993:
4988:
4983:
4978:
4973:
4967:
4966:
4965:
4963:
4957:
4956:
4954:
4953:
4948:
4943:
4938:
4933:
4931:Affinity group
4927:
4925:
4921:
4920:
4917:
4916:
4914:
4913:
4908:
4903:
4901:Post-anarchist
4898:
4893:
4888:
4882:
4880:
4874:
4873:
4871:
4870:
4865:
4864:
4863:
4858:
4853:
4843:
4838:
4833:
4828:
4827:
4826:
4824:Social ecology
4821:
4811:
4805:
4803:
4801:Post-classical
4797:
4796:
4794:
4793:
4792:
4791:
4790:
4780:
4770:
4765:
4764:
4763:
4758:
4753:
4752:
4751:
4736:
4734:
4725:
4719:
4718:
4714:
4709:
4704:
4699:
4694:
4689:
4684:
4679:
4678:
4677:
4675:
4669:
4668:
4664:
4663:
4658:
4653:
4648:
4643:
4638:
4633:
4628:
4623:
4621:Social ecology
4618:
4616:Self-ownership
4613:
4608:
4603:
4598:
4593:
4588:
4583:
4578:
4573:
4568:
4563:
4558:
4553:
4548:
4546:Horizontalidad
4543:
4538:
4533:
4528:
4523:
4518:
4513:
4508:
4503:
4501:Class struggle
4498:
4493:
4488:
4483:
4481:Affinity group
4478:
4473:
4468:
4463:
4458:
4453:
4448:
4442:
4441:
4440:
4438:
4432:
4431:
4424:
4423:
4416:
4409:
4401:
4392:
4391:
4389:
4388:
4383:
4378:
4376:Social support
4373:
4368:
4363:
4358:
4353:
4348:
4346:Prison strikes
4343:
4338:
4333:
4328:
4323:
4318:
4313:
4311:Hunger strikes
4308:
4303:
4298:
4293:
4288:
4283:
4278:
4273:
4268:
4263:
4261:Eight-hour day
4258:
4252:
4250:
4246:
4245:
4243:
4242:
4237:
4235:Featherbedding
4232:
4227:
4225:Strikebreaking
4222:
4217:
4215:Union violence
4212:
4211:
4210:
4200:
4195:
4193:Churn and burn
4190:
4185:
4180:
4174:
4172:
4168:
4167:
4164:
4163:
4161:
4160:
4155:
4150:
4144:
4142:
4138:
4137:
4135:
4134:
4129:
4124:
4121:
4116:
4111:
4106:
4101:
4096:
4090:
4088:
4084:
4083:
4080:
4079:
4077:
4076:
4071:
4066:
4061:
4056:
4054:Sitdown strike
4051:
4046:
4041:
4036:
4031:
4030:
4029:
4024:
4017:General strike
4014:
4008:
4006:
4004:Strike actions
3997:
3996:
3991:
3986:
3981:
3976:
3971:
3966:
3961:
3956:
3951:
3946:
3941:
3936:
3931:
3926:
3921:
3916:
3911:
3905:
3903:
3899:
3898:
3896:
3895:
3890:
3885:
3880:
3875:
3870:
3865:
3860:
3854:
3852:
3845:
3839:
3838:
3835:
3834:
3832:
3831:
3826:
3821:
3819:Craft unionism
3816:
3811:
3806:
3800:
3798:
3794:
3793:
3791:
3790:
3785:
3780:
3775:
3770:
3765:
3760:
3755:
3750:
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3728:
3727:
3725:
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3719:
3714:
3709:
3704:
3699:
3694:
3689:
3684:
3679:
3674:
3669:
3664:
3659:
3654:
3649:
3647:Labour council
3643:
3641:
3634:
3630:
3629:
3627:
3626:
3616:
3611:
3606:
3604:Labour history
3600:
3597:
3596:
3591:
3590:
3583:
3576:
3568:
3562:
3561:
3550:
3545:
3540:
3535:
3528:
3527:External links
3525:
3523:
3522:
3506:978-1604869569
3505:
3487:Ness, Immanuel
3483:
3475:
3463:Tom Zaniello:
3461:
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3437:
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2289:978-0826451736
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2037:
2032:
2029:Labour history
2026:
2021:
2016:
2011:
2006:
2004:Class conflict
2001:
1992:
1991:
1986:
1981:
1976:
1971:
1966:
1961:
1956:
1951:
1946:
1941:
1936:
1927:
1926:
1921:
1916:
1911:
1906:
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1714:Main article:
1711:
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1509:
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1498:
1495:
1487:
1484:
1475:labour markets
1469:
1468:
1419:
1417:
1410:
1386:eight-hour day
1335:
1332:
1317:
1316:
1313:
1312:for Parliament
1306:
1303:
1301:constituencies
1297:
1294:
1232:Oliver the Spy
1158:William Cobbet
1126:United Kingdom
1116:
1113:
1092:Joseph Gerrald
1073:prime minister
1055:Thomas Paine's
1012:pamphleteering
966:Leicestershire
949:
946:
908:
905:
901:United Kingdom
857:
856:
843:
841:
834:
822:
819:
802:
800:
797:
789:social housing
741:
740:
713:
710:workers' party
700:countries), a
666:
665:
634:class conflict
622:working people
612:
611:
609:
608:
601:
594:
586:
583:
582:
579:
578:
573:
568:
563:
561:Labour history
558:
553:
548:
542:
539:
538:
535:
534:
530:
529:
524:
522:United Kingdom
519:
514:
509:
504:
499:
494:
489:
484:
479:
474:
469:
464:
459:
454:
449:
444:
438:
437:
434:Labour parties
432:
431:
428:
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423:
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412:
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402:
397:
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377:
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365:
358:General strike
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180:Eight-hour day
177:
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142:
141:
139:
138:
133:
128:
123:
118:
113:
108:
103:
98:
93:
88:
83:
78:
73:
68:
62:
59:
54:
53:
50:
49:
41:
40:
32:
31:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
6313:
6302:
6299:
6298:
6296:
6282:
6281:
6277:
6275:
6274:
6270:
6268:
6267:
6256:
6253:
6246:
6243:
6241:
6238:
6236:
6233:
6231:
6228:
6226:
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6221:
6218:
6216:
6213:
6211:
6208:
6205:
6203:
6200:
6198:
6195:
6193:
6190:
6188:
6185:
6183:
6180:
6178:
6175:
6173:
6170:
6168:
6165:
6163:
6160:
6158:
6155:
6153:
6150:
6146:
6144:
6140:
6133:
6130:
6128:
6125:
6123:
6120:
6118:
6117:United States
6115:
6113:
6110:
6108:
6105:
6103:
6100:
6098:
6095:
6093:
6090:
6088:
6085:
6083:
6080:
6078:
6075:
6073:
6070:
6068:
6065:
6063:
6060:
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6055:
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6040:
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6033:
6030:
6028:
6025:
6023:
6020:
6018:
6015:
6013:
6010:
6008:
6005:
6003:
6000:
5998:
5995:
5993:
5990:
5988:
5985:
5983:
5980:
5978:
5975:
5973:
5970:
5968:
5965:
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5960:
5958:
5955:
5953:
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5930:
5928:
5925:
5923:
5920:
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5915:
5913:
5910:
5908:
5905:
5903:
5900:
5898:
5895:
5893:
5890:
5888:
5885:
5883:
5880:
5878:
5877:French Guiana
5875:
5873:
5870:
5868:
5865:
5863:
5860:
5858:
5855:
5853:
5850:
5848:
5845:
5843:
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5828:
5825:
5823:
5820:
5818:
5815:
5813:
5810:
5808:
5805:
5803:
5800:
5798:
5795:
5793:
5790:
5788:
5785:
5783:
5780:
5778:
5775:
5773:
5770:
5768:
5765:
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5753:
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5723:
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5706:
5704:
5700:
5693:
5690:
5688:
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5683:
5680:
5678:
5675:
5673:
5670:
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5555:
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5535:
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5510:
5508:
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5500:
5498:
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5408:
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5398:
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5381:
5379:
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5360:
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5335:
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5328:
5325:
5323:
5320:
5318:
5315:
5313:
5310:
5308:
5305:
5303:
5300:
5298:
5295:
5293:
5290:
5288:
5287:Biennio Rosso
5285:
5283:
5280:
5278:
5275:
5273:
5270:
5268:
5267:
5263:
5261:
5258:
5256:
5253:
5251:
5248:
5246:
5243:
5241:
5238:
5236:
5233:
5231:
5228:
5226:
5223:
5221:
5218:
5216:
5213:
5211:
5208:
5206:
5205:Paris Commune
5203:
5201:
5198:
5196:
5193:
5191:
5188:
5184:
5182:
5178:
5171:
5168:
5166:
5163:
5161:
5158:
5156:
5153:
5150:
5146:
5144:
5141:
5138:
5134:
5132:
5129:
5127:
5124:
5122:
5119:
5117:
5116:
5112:
5110:
5107:
5105:
5102:
5100:
5097:
5095:
5092:
5090:
5087:
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5082:
5080:
5077:
5075:
5072:
5070:
5067:
5065:
5064:
5060:
5056:
5054:
5050:
5042:
5039:
5037:
5034:
5032:
5029:
5027:
5026:Mutual credit
5024:
5022:
5019:
5017:
5014:
5012:
5009:
5007:
5004:
5002:
4999:
4997:
4994:
4992:
4989:
4987:
4984:
4982:
4979:
4977:
4974:
4972:
4971:Communization
4969:
4968:
4964:
4962:
4958:
4952:
4949:
4947:
4944:
4942:
4939:
4937:
4934:
4932:
4929:
4928:
4926:
4922:
4912:
4909:
4907:
4904:
4902:
4899:
4897:
4894:
4892:
4889:
4887:
4884:
4883:
4881:
4879:
4875:
4869:
4866:
4862:
4859:
4857:
4854:
4852:
4849:
4848:
4847:
4844:
4842:
4839:
4837:
4834:
4832:
4829:
4825:
4822:
4820:
4817:
4816:
4815:
4812:
4810:
4807:
4806:
4804:
4802:
4798:
4789:
4786:
4785:
4784:
4781:
4779:
4776:
4775:
4774:
4771:
4769:
4766:
4762:
4761:Philosophical
4759:
4757:
4754:
4750:
4747:
4746:
4745:
4742:
4741:
4740:
4739:Individualist
4737:
4735:
4733:
4729:
4726:
4724:
4720:
4713:
4710:
4708:
4705:
4703:
4700:
4698:
4695:
4693:
4690:
4688:
4685:
4683:
4682:Animal rights
4680:
4676:
4674:
4670:
4662:
4659:
4657:
4654:
4652:
4649:
4647:
4644:
4642:
4639:
4637:
4634:
4632:
4629:
4627:
4624:
4622:
4619:
4617:
4614:
4612:
4609:
4607:
4604:
4602:
4599:
4597:
4594:
4592:
4589:
4587:
4584:
4582:
4579:
4577:
4574:
4572:
4569:
4567:
4564:
4562:
4559:
4557:
4554:
4552:
4551:Individualism
4549:
4547:
4544:
4542:
4539:
4537:
4534:
4532:
4531:Direct action
4529:
4527:
4524:
4522:
4519:
4517:
4514:
4512:
4509:
4507:
4504:
4502:
4499:
4497:
4494:
4492:
4489:
4487:
4484:
4482:
4479:
4477:
4474:
4472:
4469:
4467:
4464:
4462:
4459:
4457:
4454:
4452:
4449:
4447:
4444:
4443:
4439:
4437:
4433:
4429:
4422:
4417:
4415:
4410:
4408:
4403:
4402:
4399:
4387:
4384:
4382:
4379:
4377:
4374:
4372:
4369:
4367:
4364:
4362:
4359:
4357:
4354:
4352:
4349:
4347:
4344:
4342:
4339:
4337:
4334:
4332:
4329:
4327:
4324:
4322:
4319:
4317:
4314:
4312:
4309:
4307:
4306:Forced labour
4304:
4302:
4299:
4297:
4294:
4292:
4289:
4287:
4284:
4282:
4279:
4277:
4274:
4272:
4269:
4267:
4264:
4262:
4259:
4257:
4254:
4253:
4251:
4247:
4241:
4238:
4236:
4233:
4231:
4228:
4226:
4223:
4221:
4218:
4216:
4213:
4209:
4208:United States
4206:
4205:
4204:
4201:
4199:
4196:
4194:
4191:
4189:
4186:
4184:
4183:Union busting
4181:
4179:
4176:
4175:
4173:
4169:
4159:
4156:
4154:
4151:
4149:
4146:
4145:
4143:
4139:
4133:
4130:
4128:
4125:
4122:
4120:
4117:
4115:
4112:
4110:
4107:
4105:
4102:
4100:
4097:
4095:
4092:
4091:
4089:
4085:
4075:
4072:
4070:
4067:
4065:
4062:
4060:
4057:
4055:
4052:
4050:
4047:
4045:
4042:
4040:
4039:Overtime bans
4037:
4035:
4032:
4028:
4025:
4023:
4020:
4019:
4018:
4015:
4013:
4010:
4009:
4007:
4005:
4001:
3995:
3992:
3990:
3987:
3985:
3982:
3980:
3977:
3975:
3974:Strike notice
3972:
3970:
3967:
3965:
3962:
3960:
3957:
3955:
3952:
3950:
3947:
3945:
3942:
3940:
3937:
3935:
3934:Labour revolt
3932:
3930:
3927:
3925:
3922:
3920:
3917:
3915:
3912:
3910:
3907:
3906:
3904:
3900:
3894:
3891:
3889:
3886:
3884:
3881:
3879:
3876:
3874:
3871:
3869:
3866:
3864:
3861:
3859:
3856:
3855:
3853:
3849:
3846:
3840:
3830:
3827:
3825:
3822:
3820:
3817:
3815:
3814:General union
3812:
3810:
3807:
3805:
3804:Company union
3802:
3801:
3799:
3795:
3789:
3786:
3784:
3781:
3779:
3778:Dual unionism
3776:
3774:
3771:
3769:
3766:
3764:
3763:One Big Union
3761:
3759:
3756:
3754:
3751:
3749:
3746:
3744:
3743:Service model
3741:
3739:
3736:
3735:
3733:
3729:
3723:
3722:Worker centre
3720:
3718:
3715:
3713:
3710:
3708:
3705:
3703:
3700:
3698:
3695:
3693:
3690:
3688:
3685:
3683:
3680:
3678:
3675:
3673:
3670:
3668:
3665:
3663:
3660:
3658:
3655:
3653:
3650:
3648:
3645:
3644:
3642:
3638:
3635:
3631:
3624:
3623:public sector
3620:
3617:
3615:
3612:
3610:
3609:Labour rights
3607:
3605:
3602:
3601:
3598:
3589:
3584:
3582:
3577:
3575:
3570:
3569:
3566:
3560:
3556:
3551:
3549:
3546:
3544:
3541:
3539:
3536:
3534:
3531:
3530:
3513:on 2019-06-08
3512:
3508:
3502:
3498:
3494:
3493:
3488:
3484:
3481:
3480:
3476:
3474:
3473:0-8014-4009-2
3470:
3466:
3462:
3460:
3456:
3452:
3448:
3446:
3445:1-55862-542-9
3442:
3438:
3436:
3435:0-521-52077-0
3432:
3428:
3424:
3422:
3418:
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3378:
3375:
3371:
3368:
3364:
3361:
3357:
3353:
3352:
3339:
3338:0-06-064691-8
3335:
3331:
3326:
3310:
3306:
3305:
3300:
3294:
3279:
3275:
3271:
3265:
3250:
3246:
3245:
3240:
3234:
3218:
3214:
3210:
3206:
3203:David, Mary.
3199:
3191:
3187:
3183:
3179:
3175:
3171:
3164:
3148:
3144:
3143:parliament.uk
3140:
3134:
3127:
3122:
3115:
3110:
3103:
3098:
3091:
3086:
3084:
3082:
3075:, p. 43.
3074:
3069:
3062:
3057:
3050:
3045:
3038:
3033:
3031:
3023:
3018:
3016:
3008:
3003:
2996:
2991:
2985:, p. 36.
2984:
2979:
2972:
2967:
2960:
2955:
2940:
2936:
2934:9781107111653
2930:
2926:
2925:
2917:
2910:
2905:
2897:
2890:
2888:
2881:, p. 35.
2880:
2875:
2868:
2863:
2856:
2851:
2844:
2839:
2837:
2830:, p. 16.
2829:
2824:
2818:, p. 32.
2817:
2812:
2806:, p. 31.
2805:
2800:
2794:, p. 29.
2793:
2788:
2781:
2776:
2770:, p. 30.
2769:
2764:
2757:
2752:
2745:
2740:
2733:
2728:
2721:
2716:
2710:, p. 14.
2709:
2704:
2697:
2692:
2690:
2682:
2677:
2671:, p. 48.
2670:
2665:
2658:
2653:
2651:
2649:
2641:
2636:
2634:
2626:
2621:
2615:, p. 35.
2614:
2609:
2607:
2599:
2594:
2587:
2582:
2576:enforcement."
2574:
2570:
2565:
2558:
2553:
2538:
2534:
2530:
2526:
2520:
2516:
2515:
2507:
2500:
2495:
2488:
2483:
2476:
2471:
2464:
2459:
2443:
2439:
2435:
2431:
2425:
2421:
2420:
2412:
2410:
2402:
2397:
2391:, p. 13.
2390:
2385:
2378:
2366:
2362:
2360:9780722227237
2356:
2352:
2351:
2343:
2336:
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2256:
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2201:
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2036:
2033:
2030:
2027:
2025:
2022:
2020:
2017:
2015:
2012:
2010:
2007:
2005:
2002:
2000:
1997:
1996:
1995:
1990:
1987:
1985:
1982:
1980:
1977:
1975:
1972:
1970:
1967:
1965:
1962:
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1957:
1955:
1952:
1950:
1947:
1945:
1942:
1940:
1937:
1935:
1932:
1931:
1930:
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1920:
1917:
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1907:
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1901:
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1889:
1884:
1877:
1867:
1864:
1856:
1846:
1842:
1838:
1832:
1831:
1827:
1822:This section
1820:
1816:
1811:
1810:
1793:
1789:
1783:
1778:
1776:
1772:
1761:
1752:
1748:
1745:This section
1743:
1740:
1736:
1735:
1722:
1717:
1701:
1697:
1687:
1682:
1678:
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1672:
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1605:
1589:
1585:
1578:United States
1574:
1563:
1552:
1541:
1530:
1519:
1515:
1504:
1493:
1483:
1481:
1476:
1473:Historically
1465:
1462:
1454:
1444:
1440:
1436:
1430:
1429:
1425:
1420:This section
1418:
1414:
1409:
1408:
1405:
1403:
1402:United States
1399:
1395:
1391:
1387:
1383:
1379:
1375:
1371:
1366:
1364:
1363:
1362:Rerum novarum
1358:
1357:Pope Leo XIII
1354:
1348:
1343:
1341:
1331:
1329:
1325:
1320:
1314:
1311:
1307:
1304:
1302:
1298:
1295:
1292:
1289:
1288:
1287:
1284:
1280:
1278:
1273:
1272:Francis Place
1268:
1266:
1262:
1257:
1248:
1243:
1239:
1237:
1233:
1229:
1224:
1222:
1218:
1217:habeas corpus
1214:
1210:
1206:
1205:Hampden Clubs
1202:
1198:
1194:
1193:
1188:
1187:Thomas Wooler
1184:
1183:
1178:
1173:
1171:
1167:
1163:
1162:Lord Cochrane
1159:
1155:
1151:
1150:Thomas Spence
1146:
1143:
1139:
1135:
1130:
1127:
1122:
1112:
1110:
1105:
1101:
1097:
1093:
1089:
1085:
1081:
1077:
1074:
1070:
1065:
1063:
1059:
1056:
1052:
1044:
1039:
1035:
1033:
1029:
1025:
1021:
1017:
1013:
1009:
1006:
1001:
999:
995:
991:
987:
983:
979:
975:
971:
967:
962:
960:
956:
945:
942:
937:
935:
934:laissez-faire
930:
926:
922:
918:
914:
904:
902:
897:
893:
889:
884:
883:factory towns
880:
876:
875:mechanization
872:
868:
864:
851:
849:
844:This section
842:
833:
832:
828:
817:
814:
807:
796:
794:
790:
786:
782:
778:
774:
770:
766:
762:
761:right to vote
758:
754:
750:
746:
738:
734:
730:
726:
722:
718:
714:
711:
707:
703:
699:
695:
691:
687:
683:
682:welfare state
679:
675:
674:labour rights
671:
668:
667:
663:
659:
658:strike action
655:
651:
647:
643:
639:
638:
637:
635:
631:
627:
623:
619:
607:
602:
600:
595:
593:
588:
587:
585:
584:
577:
574:
572:
569:
567:
564:
562:
559:
557:
554:
552:
549:
547:
544:
543:
537:
536:
528:
525:
523:
520:
518:
515:
513:
510:
508:
505:
503:
500:
498:
495:
493:
490:
488:
487:New Caledonia
485:
483:
480:
478:
475:
473:
470:
468:
465:
463:
460:
458:
455:
453:
450:
448:
445:
443:
440:
439:
435:
430:
429:
421:
418:
416:
413:
411:
408:
406:
403:
401:
398:
396:
393:
391:
388:
386:
385:Overtime bans
383:
381:
378:
376:
373:
369:
366:
364:
361:
360:
359:
356:
354:
351:
349:
346:
345:
341:
340:Strike action
336:
335:
325:
322:
320:
317:
316:
314:
312:
309:
307:
304:
302:
299:
298:
295:
290:
289:
281:
278:
276:
275:Unfree labour
273:
271:
268:
266:
263:
261:
258:
256:
253:
251:
248:
246:
243:
241:
238:
236:
235:Paid time off
233:
231:
228:
226:
223:
221:
218:
216:
213:
211:
208:
206:
203:
201:
200:Four-day week
198:
196:
193:
191:
188:
186:
183:
181:
178:
176:
173:
171:
168:
166:
163:
161:
158:
157:
153:
152:Labour rights
148:
147:
137:
134:
132:
129:
127:
126:Union busting
124:
122:
119:
117:
114:
112:
109:
107:
104:
102:
99:
97:
94:
92:
89:
87:
84:
82:
79:
77:
74:
72:
69:
67:
64:
63:
61:
60:
57:
52:
51:
47:
43:
42:
39:
34:
33:
29:
23:
22:
19:
6278:
6271:
6257:
6172:Anti-statism
6162:Anti-fascism
6067:South Africa
5567:Pi i Margall
5264:
5113:
5074:Anarcho-punk
5061:
5036:Wage slavery
5001:Gift economy
4896:Postcolonial
4878:Contemporary
4831:Independence
4778:Collectivist
4697:Love and sex
4526:Deep ecology
4461:Anationalism
4381:Wage slavery
4341:Maximum wage
4336:Minimum wage
4266:Six-hour day
4249:Other topics
4141:Compensation
3994:Work-to-rule
3888:Scope clause
3829:Police union
3667:Unionization
3613:
3515:. Retrieved
3511:the original
3491:
3478:
3464:
3450:
3426:
3412:
3402:. Retrieved
3392:
3380:
3373:
3355:
3340:, pg 202–203
3329:
3325:
3313:. Retrieved
3302:
3293:
3282:. Retrieved
3273:
3264:
3253:. Retrieved
3243:
3233:
3221:. Retrieved
3208:
3198:
3173:
3169:
3163:
3151:. Retrieved
3142:
3133:
3126:Pelling 2016
3121:
3109:
3097:
3068:
3056:
3044:
3002:
2990:
2978:
2966:
2954:
2943:. Retrieved
2923:
2916:
2904:
2895:
2874:
2862:
2850:
2828:Pelling 2016
2823:
2811:
2799:
2787:
2775:
2763:
2751:
2739:
2727:
2715:
2703:
2681:Pelling 2016
2676:
2664:
2640:Pelling 2016
2620:
2593:
2581:
2564:
2552:
2541:. Retrieved
2513:
2506:
2494:
2482:
2470:
2458:
2446:. Retrieved
2418:
2396:
2384:
2375:
2369:. Retrieved
2349:
2342:
2330:
2320:
2313:
2305:
2301:
2293:
2279:
2273:
2250:
2245:
2054:
2045:New Unionism
1993:
1928:
1874:
1859:
1853:January 2022
1850:
1835:Please help
1823:
1800:Contemporary
1791:
1780:
1768:
1755:
1751:adding to it
1746:
1719:
1690:Cooperatives
1683:
1679:
1664:
1654:to form the
1637:
1626:
1598:Trade unions
1545:South Africa
1472:
1457:
1451:January 2022
1448:
1433:Please help
1421:
1398:child labour
1378:minimum wage
1367:
1360:
1350:
1345:
1337:
1328:craft unions
1324:new unionism
1321:
1318:
1299:Equal-sized
1281:
1269:
1252:
1225:
1213:Gagging Acts
1200:
1197:William Hone
1190:
1180:
1174:
1147:
1131:
1118:
1115:19th century
1066:
1048:
1002:
970:Spitalfields
963:
951:
948:18th century
938:
910:
888:guild system
867:agricultural
860:
845:
809:
804:
769:40-hour week
742:
686:labour party
642:trade unions
629:
625:
617:
615:
420:Work-to-rule
294:Trade unions
265:Six-hour day
250:Right to sit
215:Minimum wage
165:Child labour
160:Annual leave
86:New unionism
55:
18:
6082:Switzerland
6042:Puerto Rico
6027:Philippines
5992:New Zealand
5987:Netherlands
5857:El Salvador
5692:Periodicals
5255:Tragic Week
5126:Lifestylism
5021:Mutual bank
4976:Cooperative
4941:Platformism
4891:Free-market
4819:Primitivist
4702:Nationalism
4631:Somatherapy
4541:Freethought
4326:Labour code
4286:Decent work
4240:Union raids
4230:Goon squads
4198:Paper local
4049:Recognition
3989:Unfair list
3909:Bossnapping
3878:Hiring hall
3868:Agency shop
3858:Closed shop
3788:Syndicalism
3712:Trades hall
3702:Union label
3687:Local union
3619:Trade union
3388:James, Paul
3239:James, Paul
2448:25 December
2040:Living wage
2009:Corporatism
1979:Syndicalism
1696:Cooperative
1640:Australasia
1604:Trade union
1534:South Korea
1221:Blanketeers
1164:, known as
1100:transported
1084:Thomas Muir
1008:John Wilkes
982:shipwrights
980:in London,
941:dead letter
936:economics.
892:Middle Ages
785:health care
646:labour laws
626:trade union
517:South Korea
497:Netherlands
492:New Zealand
121:Syndicalism
91:Proletariat
71:Decent work
6202:Dual Power
6187:Autonomism
6182:Autarchism
5842:East Timor
5812:Costa Rica
5757:Bangladesh
5752:Azerbaijan
5462:Feyerabend
5099:Freeganism
4749:Illegalist
4687:Capitalism
4626:Sociocracy
4596:Revolution
4561:Mutual aid
4491:Black bloc
4356:Protection
4331:Labour law
4321:Job strain
4148:Strike pay
4087:Bargaining
4034:Green bans
4027:newspapers
3873:Union shop
3842:Industrial
3692:Union dues
3517:2018-08-03
3404:2017-12-02
3315:15 January
3284:2021-03-29
3255:2017-12-02
3223:2 February
3153:2 February
2945:2021-09-25
2543:2021-12-24
2438:1004389945
2371:2021-09-26
2265:References
2024:Labour law
1964:De Leonism
1694:See also:
1648:government
1613:See also:
1602:See also:
1154:Henry Hunt
1069:Jacobinism
1032:John Horne
917:parliament
896:journeymen
745:capitalism
566:Labour law
375:Green bans
368:newspapers
260:Sick leave
255:Sabbatical
6240:Socialism
6192:Communism
6127:Venezuela
6062:Singapore
5997:Nicaragua
5922:Indonesia
5902:Hong Kong
5897:Guatemala
5742:Australia
5732:Argentina
5703:By region
5687:Musicians
5592:Santillán
5542:Malatesta
5512:Kropotkin
5492:Guillaume
5170:Symbolism
5084:DIY ethic
4961:Economics
4906:Post-left
4851:Christian
4846:Religious
4783:Communist
4768:Mutualist
4732:Classical
4692:Education
4641:Squatting
4601:Rewilding
4536:Free love
4428:Anarchism
4188:Givebacks
4171:Reactions
3969:Stay-away
3954:Picketing
3949:Precarity
3929:Grievance
3863:Open shop
3844:relations
3640:Structure
3633:Formation
3190:0018-2648
3102:Cole 1952
3090:Cole 1952
3022:Cole 1952
3007:Cole 1952
2995:Cole 1952
2959:Cole 1952
2909:Cole 1952
2855:Cole 1952
2816:Cole 1952
2768:Cole 1952
2744:Cole 1952
2613:Cole 1952
2499:Cole 1952
2401:Cole 1952
2389:Cole 1952
2335:Cole 1952
1989:Workerism
1954:Communism
1934:Anarchism
1824:does not
1758:July 2011
1486:Australia
1422:does not
1334:Worldwide
1256:John Gast
1177:Corn Laws
1080:seditious
1024:John Jebb
994:Sheffield
986:Liverpool
765:democracy
753:socialism
512:Singapore
467:Hong Kong
442:Australia
195:Equal pay
116:Communism
111:Socialism
6295:Category
6273:Category
6037:Portugal
6017:Paraguay
5977:Mongolia
5962:Malaysia
5807:Colombia
5787:Bulgaria
5577:Proudhon
5537:Maksimov
5517:Landauer
5467:Giovanni
5417:Bookchin
5332:May 1968
5104:Infoshop
4856:Buddhist
4841:Pacifist
4809:Feminist
4788:Magonist
4756:Naturist
4712:Violence
4707:Religion
4606:Sabotage
4436:Concepts
4386:Workload
4371:Overwork
3964:Slowdown
3497:PM Press
3489:(2014).
3398:Archived
3363:Archived
3309:Archived
3278:Archived
3249:Archived
3217:Archived
3147:Archived
2939:Archived
2573:artisans
2537:Archived
2442:Archived
2365:Archived
1994:Topics:
1880:See also
1785:—
1662:(ALP).
1593:Overview
1382:holidays
1291:Suffrage
1283:Chartism
1265:Six Acts
1166:Radicals
1142:Midlands
1104:Two Acts
972:area of
959:Midlands
848:too long
767:and the
747:and the
694:Germanic
680:and the
507:Portugal
447:Barbados
405:Walkouts
380:Lockouts
230:Overwork
81:Timeline
27:a series
24:Part of
6280:Outline
6230:Marxism
6132:Vietnam
6122:Uruguay
6107:Ukraine
6097:Tunisia
6047:Romania
6002:Nigeria
5982:Morocco
5932:Ireland
5912:Iceland
5907:Hungary
5887:Germany
5882:Georgia
5867:Finland
5862:Estonia
5847:Ecuador
5832:Denmark
5817:Croatia
5772:Bolivia
5767:Belgium
5762:Belarus
5747:Austria
5737:Armenia
5727:Andorra
5722:Algeria
5717:Albania
5637:Yarchuk
5612:Tolstoy
5607:Thoreau
5602:Stirner
5597:Spooner
5562:Parsons
5487:Graeber
5477:Goldman
5437:Durruti
5422:Chomsky
5412:Bonanno
5407:Berkman
5402:Bakunin
5181:History
5131:May Day
5053:Culture
4446:Anarchy
4069:Whipsaw
4064:Walkout
3959:Salting
3902:Actions
3559:YouTube
3170:History
2533:1120984
1974:Marxism
1904:AFL–CIO
1845:removed
1830:sources
1705:Culture
1508:Germany
1443:removed
1428:sources
1400:in the
1380:, paid
1374:weekend
1138:Luddite
1121:Glasgow
990:cutlers
978:hatters
929:weavers
913:England
846:may be
799:History
706:Romance
472:Ireland
462:Georgia
6102:Turkey
6092:Taiwan
6077:Sweden
6057:Serbia
6052:Russia
6032:Poland
6012:Panama
6007:Norway
5972:Monaco
5967:Mexico
5957:Latvia
5937:Israel
5892:Greece
5872:France
5792:Canada
5782:Brazil
5712:Africa
5642:Zerzan
5632:Warren
5617:Tucker
5587:Rocker
5582:Reclus
5572:Pouget
5552:Michel
5532:Makhno
5507:KĹŤtoku
5497:He-Yin
5472:Godwin
5457:Ferrer
5427:Cleyre
5392:Armand
5387:Alston
5378:People
4861:Jewish
4773:Social
4744:Egoist
4673:Issues
4012:Hartal
3924:Gherao
3731:Models
3503:
3471:
3457:
3443:
3433:
3419:
3360:online
3336:
3188:
2931:
2531:
2521:
2436:
2426:
2377:large.
2357:
2286:
2253:; See
1725:Topics
1621:, and
1567:Sweden
1497:Brazil
1195:, and
1160:, and
1094:, and
1030:, and
974:London
759:, the
698:Slavic
527:Sweden
502:Norway
477:Israel
452:Brazil
353:Hartal
6087:Syria
6072:Spain
5952:Korea
5947:Japan
5942:Italy
5917:India
5852:Egypt
5802:China
5797:Chile
5677:Films
5667:Books
5653:Lists
5622:Volin
5527:MagĂłn
5502:Kanno
5452:Faure
5447:Ervin
5442:Ellul
5327:Provo
5094:Films
4911:Queer
4886:Black
4814:Green
4022:Bandh
3797:Types
2251:labor
2237:Notes
1556:Spain
1523:Japan
1275:anti-
1098:were
988:, or
783:like
482:Malta
363:Bandh
6022:Peru
5927:Iran
5822:Cuba
5627:Ward
5557:Most
5547:Mett
5079:Arts
3883:Bump
3707:Salt
3501:ISBN
3469:ISBN
3455:ISBN
3441:ISBN
3431:ISBN
3417:ISBN
3334:ISBN
3317:2022
3225:2023
3186:ISSN
3155:2023
2929:ISBN
2529:OCLC
2519:ISBN
2450:2021
2434:OCLC
2424:ISBN
2355:ISBN
2284:ISBN
1828:any
1826:cite
1698:and
1665:The
1586:and
1516:and
1426:any
1424:cite
1338:The
1277:scab
877:and
869:and
791:and
775:and
704:(in
696:and
692:(in
616:The
457:Fiji
324:WFTU
319:ITUC
5522:Liu
5432:Day
5337:LIP
4556:Law
3557:on
3178:doi
1839:by
1753:.
1437:by
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984:in
911:In
640:In
628:or
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3080:^
3029:^
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2886:^
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