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888:
1548:). Although the SED had already become a full-fledged Stalinist "party of the new type" by the formation of the GDR, the other parties did not completely bend to the SED's will for a time. By the mid-1950s, however, the more courageous members of the constituent parties had been pushed out, and the parties had all been transformed into loyal partners of the SED. By this time, the SED itself had purged its few independent-minded members as well. The Front now took on a character similar to other groupings in the Eastern Bloc. For the next three decades, the minor parties in the Front had to accept the SED's "leading role" as a condition of their continued existence.
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Party and the
National Democratic Party (1948). Both parties were founded under the secret leadership of the Communist Party. Their task was to poach voters from the Christian Democrats and Liberals. The National Democrats were also supposed to be a collecting ground for former National Socialists. The parties that were not the SED were called
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221:
The other two parties, the
Christian Democrats and Liberals, were initially independent. The SED, with the help of the Soviet occupation authorities, intimidated these parties and forced them to get on course. Finally, the occupying authorities allowed two new parties to be founded: the Peasants'
231:
Finally, there were so-called mass organisations in the Soviet occupation zone and then in the GDR. Some of them were represented on the electoral list, such as the trade union and the women's organisation. Nearly all of these MPs were members of the SED. Therefore, although the SED faction in
218:, the Allies initially allowed four parties: the Communists, the Social Democrats, the Christian Democrats and the Liberals. In the Soviet Occupation Zone, the Communist Party forced the Social Democrats to merge (1946). Thus the communist-dominated Socialist Unity Party (SED) was formed.
1528:. The Front itself was founded on 30 March 1950. It operated through the issuing of a generally consistent proportion of seats (divided between the Front's parties and SED-controlled mass organisations) submitted in the form of a single list of candidates during each election to the
207:("People's Chamber"). This "unity list" was the only list that citizens could vote for. Other parties or lists were prohibited. The National Front system was intended to give to the outside world the impression that there was a democracy with a
1535:
Although nominally a broad-based coalition of parties, in practice the SED was the only one with any real power. By ensuring that
Communists dominated the lists, the SED essentially predetermined the composition of the People's Chamber.
1532:. Seats were awarded on the basis of a set quota rather than vote totals. As voters only had the option of approving or rejecting the list in far-from-secret conditions, it "won" with virtually unanimous levels of support.
1539:
In 1950-1951, the public rejection of the validity of the list by some German politicians resulted in some of them being imprisoned for "rejecting the electoral law of the German
Democratic Republic" (as in the case of
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The following organizations, which were part of the NF, did not send elected representatives to the
Volkskammer but were active in the performance of its activities.
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and
Liberal Democratic Party, having thrown out their pro-Communist leaderships, withdrew from the Front. On 16 December the SED, having transformed itself into a
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243:(November 1989), some politicians of non-SED parties started to moderately criticize SED dominance. The Front disbanded in February 1990, a month before the
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190:. The National Front was an instrument to exercise control over the other parties and organisations. The precursor of the National Front was the
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On 1 December 1989, the Front was effectively rendered impotent when the
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The main task of the
National Front was to draw up a common electoral list ("Einheitsliste") in
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2098:"Aufruf der Liberal-Demokratischen Partei Deutschlands an das deutsche Volk vom 5. Juli 1945"
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All parties and mass organisations in the
National Front had to officially accept the SED's
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1567:. On 20 February 1990, an amendment to the constitution removed mention of the Front.
232:
parliament did not have an absolute majority, most MPs were nevertheless SED members.
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Die
Transformation der DDR-Blockparteien während und nach der politischen Wende
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as a condition of their existence. Only in the last weeks prior to the
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2192:
The Imperfect Union: Constitutional Structures of German Unification
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1383:
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The volunteering campaign "Nice towns and communities. Take part!"
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Constituent mass organizations represented in the People's Chamber
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736:
34:
East Germany alliance of political parties and mass organizations
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857:
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that gave the SED a monopoly of power. Four days later, the
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2194:. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press. 1997. p. 37.
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Andreas Malchya: Der Ausbau des neuen Systems 1949 bis 1961
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1287:
1506:
2025:
Democratic Front for the Reunification of the Fatherland
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Association of Gardeners, Settlers, and Animal Breeders
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Association of Gardeners, Settlers, and Animal Breeders
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Other organizations associated with the National Front
180:
Nationale Front der Deutschen Demokratischen Republik
45:
Nationale Front der Deutschen Demokratischen Republik
1977:
31:, a short-lived minor neo-Nazi group of the 1980s.
2015:List of Volkskammer members (9th election period)
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172:National Front of the German Democratic Republic
42:National Front of the German Democratic Republic
2258:Mass organizations with representation in the
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673:
2423:Defunct political party alliances in Germany
2181:. New York: St. Martin's Press. 1975. p. 66.
1518:The National Front was the successor to the
1421:Committee of Antifascist Resistance Fighters
1371:banned in East Germany in 1953, exists today
2179:The Government and Politics of East Germany
1378:Association of German Consumer Cooperatives
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2280:Democratic Women's Federation of Germany
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2322:German Gymnastics and Sports Federation
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1356:Union of Persecutees of the Nazi Regime
1175:German Gymnastics and Sports Federation
199:elections to the East German parliament
14:
2410:
2053:Front of Socialist Unity and Democracy
1476:founded before the creation of the GDR
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2215:
2177:Kurt Sontheimer & Wilhelm Bleek.
2085:Bundeszentrale fĂĽr politische Bildung
2312:Society for German–Soviet Friendship
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1255:Association of Theatre Professionals
1113:Society for German–Soviet Friendship
991:Democratic Women's League of Germany
2332:Ernst Thälmann Pioneer Organisation
2058:Lao Front for National Construction
1195:Ernst Thälmann Pioneer Organisation
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2418:Popular fronts of communist states
2268:Free German Trade Union Federation
2063:National United Front of Kampuchea
1498:Pavilion of the National Front in
925:Free German Trade Union Federation
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2433:Socialist Unity Party of Germany
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1215:Writers' Association of the GDR
1055:Peasants Mutual Aid Association
1023:Cultural Association of the DDR
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1524:which had been founded in the
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1:
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1565:Party of Democratic Socialism
18:National Front (East Germany)
2087:, last retrieved 2019-05-01.
1553:Constitution of East Germany
7:
2103:(in German). Archived from
2020:Vietnamese Fatherland Front
1973:
1401:German Red Cross of the GDR
29:Nationalist Front (Germany)
10:
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1557:Christian Democratic Union
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754:Christian Democratic Union
526:Christian Democratic Union
104:German Democratic Republic
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1514:election poster from 1950
850:National Democratic Party
818:Democratic Farmers' Party
541:National Democratic Party
531:Democratic Farmers' Party
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2392:Politics of East Germany
2347:GDR Union of Journalists
2168:October 29, 1989. p. 5A.
2121:Archivs des Liberalismus
2010:Politics of East Germany
1461:League of Lusatian Sorbs
1329:Peace Council of the GDR
786:Liberal Democratic Party
555:Administrative divisions
536:Liberal Democratic Party
412:Constitutional Assembly
260:Politics of East Germany
155:Politics of East Germany
27:Not to be confused with
2387:East Germany portal
2034:Front of National Unity
241:fall of the Berlin Wall
186:, namely the communist
140:Political position
1526:Soviet occupation zone
1515:
1503:
1302:Chamber of Engineering
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2165:Eugene Register-Guard
1967:Sole legal coalition
1929:Sole legal coalition
1890:Sole legal coalition
1852:Sole legal coalition
1814:Sole legal coalition
1776:Sole legal coalition
1737:Sole legal coalition
1699:Sole legal coalition
1661:Sole legal coalition
1597:Volkskammer elections
1509:
1497:
890:
722:Socialist Unity Party
317:Socialist Unity Party
2151:"Domains – Iportale"
1561:democratic socialist
1521:Demokratischer Block
1282:Union of Journalists
352:Council of Ministers
245:first free elections
2352:Handelsorganisation
2317:People's Solidarity
2133:"DDR-Lexikon: NDPD"
1988:East Germany portal
1395:(Zentralkonsum eG)
1133:People's Solidarity
251:Constituent parties
2108:(PDF; 1,0 MB)
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893:
422:General elections
357:Head of Government
209:multi-party system
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2274:Free German Youth
2137:www.ddr-wissen.de
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1970:
1592:Electoral history
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957:Free German Youth
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841:15 September 1990
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384:Chamber of States
322:General Secretary
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16:(Redirected from
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194:(since 1945).
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1098:Organization
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898:Organization
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873:27 March 1990
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742:21 April 1946
741:
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710:Seats in the
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595:
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582:
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566:
563:(independent)
561:
556:
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542:
539:
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523:
519:
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368:
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345:Head of State
343:
342:
338:
337:State Council
335:
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327:
323:
320:
319:
318:
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314:
311:
306:
305:
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292:
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177:
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149:
146:
143:
141:
137:
130:
127:
125:
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117:
116:
114:
112:
108:
105:
101:
98:
94:
91:
88:
84:
80:
76:
73:30 March 1950
72:
68:
64:
59:
58:Erich Correns
56:
54:
50:
38:
30:
19:
2191:
2186:
2178:
2173:
2164:
2159:
2145:
2136:
2127:
2112:. Retrieved
2105:the original
2092:
2084:
2076:
1550:
1538:
1534:
1519:
1517:
1511:
1482:exists today
1481:
1475:
1393:exists today
1392:
1370:
1148:exists today
1147:
1107:Dissolution
1091:
981:exists today
980:
910:Dissolution
838:17 June 1948
774:26 June 1945
707:Dissolution
483:Referendums
283:Constitution
247:in the GDR.
237:leading role
234:
230:
223:
220:
213:
211:in the GDR.
202:
196:
171:
169:
131:(until 1956)
96:Headquarters
2260:Volkskammer
1939:12,392,094
1900:12,235,515
1862:11,245,023
1824:11,207,388
1786:11,197,265
1747:11,533,859
1709:11,689,110
1671:11,828,877
1632:12,088,745
1622:Government
1587:(1981–1989)
1580:(1950–1981)
1332: [
1305: [
1258: [
1104:Foundation
915:Volkskammer
907:Foundation
806:5 July 1945
712:Volkskammer
704:Foundation
560:East Berlin
404:Referendums
372:Legislature
340:(1960–1990)
332:(1949–1960)
225:Blockpartei
204:Volkskammer
100:East Berlin
65:(1981–1990)
60:(1950–1981)
2412:Categories
2114:2017-10-20
2069:References
870:5 May 1948
310:Leadership
214:After the
2294:(1945–90)
2288:(1945–90)
2282:(1947–90)
2270:(1946–90)
1947:500 / 500
1908:500 / 500
1870:434 / 434
1832:434 / 434
1794:434 / 434
1755:434 / 434
1717:466 / 466
1679:466 / 466
1640:466 / 466
1619:Position
1604:Election
609:Magdeburg
584:Frankfurt
401:Elections
379:President
329:President
160:Elections
129:Stalinism
119:Communism
78:Dissolved
2362:Domowina
1974:See also
630:Schwerin
145:Far-left
111:Ideology
53:Chairman
1942:99.94%
1865:98.58%
1789:99.93%
1750:99.25%
1712:99.87%
1674:99.46%
1544:leader
1500:Leipzig
1490:History
1101:Emblem
901:Emblem
698:Emblem
641:Leaders
625:Rostock
620:Potsdam
604:Leipzig
574:Dresden
569:Cottbus
70:Founded
2367:Urania
2357:Konsum
1903:99.9%
1827:99.5%
1635:99.6%
1613:Seats
1607:Votes
1583:Prof.
1576:Prof.
1502:, 1953
918:(1986)
715:(1986)
695:Party
579:Erfurt
201:, the
176:German
2101:(PDF)
1455:1990
1435:1991
1415:1991
1350:1990
1336:]
1323:1990
1309:]
1296:1990
1276:1990
1262:]
1249:1990
1229:1990
1209:1990
1189:1990
1169:1990
1127:1992
904:Flag
701:Flag
594:Halle
1964:1st
1935:1986
1926:1st
1896:1981
1887:1st
1858:1976
1849:1st
1820:1971
1811:1st
1782:1967
1773:1st
1743:1963
1734:1st
1705:1958
1696:1st
1667:1954
1658:1st
1650:136
1628:1950
1616:+/–
1542:LDPD
1510:The
1472:1912
1452:1960
1432:1953
1412:1952
1389:1949
1367:1947
1347:1949
1320:1946
1293:1945
1273:1966
1246:1952
1226:1945
1206:1948
1186:1957
1166:1952
1144:1945
1124:1949
1078:1994
1075:1945
1058:VdgB
1046:1990
1043:1945
1014:1990
1011:1947
977:1946
948:1990
945:1946
928:FDGB
853:NDPD
789:LDPD
748:127
635:Suhl
589:Gera
500:1968
495:1954
490:1951
474:1990
469:1986
464:1981
459:1976
454:1971
449:1967
444:1963
439:1958
434:1954
429:1950
416:1949
296:1968
291:1949
170:The
1918:66
1765:32
1081:14
1049:21
1017:32
994:DFD
985:37
960:FDJ
951:61
876:52
844:52
821:DBD
812:52
780:52
757:CDU
725:SED
188:SED
184:GDR
2414::
2135:.
2083:,
1610:%
1334:de
1307:de
1260:de
1026:KB
228:.
178::
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2153:.
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2051:/
2032:/
681:e
674:t
667:v
174:(
20:)
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