5408:
5396:
2955:
5372:
5200:
5420:
25:
3422:
5102:
5054:
2710:
114:
6382:
3095:
3243:. It seems likely that the northern Belgae, due to their intense contact with the Gaulish south, were largely influenced by this southern culture. Tribal names were 'qualifications' and could have been translated or given by the Gauls and picked up by Caesar. Perhaps they were Germanic people who had adopted Gaulish titles or names. The Belgians were a political alliance of southern Celtic and northern Germanic tribes. In any case, the Romans were not precise in their
5384:
5046:
5453:
5264:
4985:
4821:
4564:
5439:
575:
589:
4515:. Some member states, such as Prussia and Austria, had only a part of their territories included within the confederation, while other member states brought territories to the alliance that included people, like Poles and the Czechs, who did not speak German as their native tongue. In addition, there were also substantial German speaking populations that remained outside the confederation.
5652:
5069:
After the defeat in World War II, Germany was occupied by the troops of
Britain, France, the United States and Soviet Union. Berlin was a case of its own, as it was situated on the territory of the Soviet zone but divided into four sectors. The western sectors were later called West Berlin, the other
4267:
is a one-handed sign: the hand is placed on the forehead, palm facing sideways, extended index finger facing upwards, with the thumb keeping the other fingers tucked against the palm. The sign may also be used to mean 'German language' or 'German person', as well as 'police' or 'police officer'. This
3433:
In
English, the name "Almain" or "Alman" was used for Germany and for the adjective German until the 16th century, with "German" first attested in 1520, used at first as an alternative then becoming a replacement, maybe inspired mainly by the need to differ them from the more and more independently
3997:
The
Chinese name is a phonetic approximation of the German proper adjective. The Vietnamese name is based on the Chinese name. The Japanese name is a phonetic approximation of the Dutch proper adjective. The Korean name is based on the Japanese name. This is explained in detail below:
751:
Often language lags behind the changing society and names tend to retain references to first encounters: the
Finnish first and foremost met the Saxons while the French faced the Alamanni. Comparable tendencies appear elsewhere, e.g. in names for Russia.
4535:
In 1866/1867 Prussia and her allies left the German
Confederation. After Austria was defeated in the German War of summer 1866, it acknowledged the dissolution of the confederation. Prussia was free to create a new alliance, called the
4294:
The terminology for "Germany", the "German states" and "Germans" is complicated by the unusual history of
Germany over the last 2000 years. This can cause confusion in German and English, as well in other languages. While the notion of
4628:
referred to a geographical entity comprising many states, much as "the
Balkans" is used today, or the term "America" was used by the founders of "the United States of America". In German constitutional history, the expressions
4282:, alongside another, in which the dominant hand's wrist is placed on that of the non-dominant hand in front of the signer's chest, with both hands' fingers spread and wiggling. Several other languages also use the
7883:
4664:
Due to the history of
Germany, the principle of federalism is strong. Only the state of Hitler (1933–1945) and the state of the communists (East Germany, 1949–1990) were centralist states. As a result, the words
4923:, after the city where the National Assembly gathered, came up in the 1920s, but was not commonly used until the 1950s. It became necessary to find an appropriate term for the Germany between 1871 and 1919:
3239:. Caesar claims that most of the northern Belgae were descended from tribes who had long ago crossed the Rhine from Germania. However many tribal names and personal names or titles recorded are identifiably
1053:
7923:
7903:
7961:
4673:
were used more frequently than in other countries, to distinguish between imperial or federal institutions and those at a subnational level. For example, a modern federal German minister is called
7928:
3508:
Among the indigenous peoples of North
America of former French and British colonial areas, the word for "Germany" came primarily as a borrowing from either French or English. For example, in the
7938:
7933:
7918:
7908:
7888:
7878:
4483:). This feudal state became a union of relatively independent rulers who developed their own territories. Modernisation took place on the territorial level (such as Austria, Prussia, Saxony or
4433:, later anachronistically applied to the Germans. The term was first used to designate the popular language as opposed to the language used by the religious and secular rulers who used Latin.
7898:
7893:
7873:
7943:
7913:
4637:(federation, confederation) are somewhat interchangeable. Sometimes they even co-existed in the same constitution: for example in the German Empire (1871–1918) the parliament had the name
4511:, which remained a military alliance under the "protection" of Napoleon, rather than consolidating into an actual confederation. After the fall of Napoleon in 1815, these states created a
4955:(officially in June 1939), but it already had become popular among supporters and opponents and is still used in historiography (sometimes in quotation marks). It later led to the name
3880:, which should designate Germans is that Arabs considered Austria to be the nation of German people for a long time in the middle ages, on the other hand the Arabic name of "Germany",
3477:, they be rude and rusticall, and very boisterous in their speech, and humbly in their apparel ... they do feed grossly, and they will eat maggots as fast as we will eat comfits.
4540:. It became a federal state with its constitution of 1 July 1867. The remaining South German countries, with the exception of Austria and Liechtenstein, joined the country in 1870.
3978:
possibly comes from a name originally given by West Baltic tribes to the
Vikings. Latvian linguist Konstantīns Karulis proposes that the word may be based on the Indo-European word
8200:
7868:
5070:
one East Berlin. The communists tended to consider the Soviet sector of Berlin as a part of GDR; West Berlin was, according to them, an independent political unit. In the GDR
4947:), which was introduced by writers in the last years of the republic. In fact, this was only a propaganda term and did not constitute a new state. Another propaganda term was
4684:
As a result of the Hitler regime, and maybe also of Imperial Germany up to 1919, many Germans – especially those on the political left – have negative feelings about the word
5407:
6524:
6303:
6131:
Mediaeval Researches from Eastern Asiatic Sources: Fragments Towards the Knowledge of the Geography and History of Central and Western Asia from the 13th to the 17th Century
3454:, and your swag-bellied Hollander—Drink, ho!—are nothing to your English. ... Why, he drinks you, with facility, your Dane dead drunk; he sweats not to overthrow your
5395:
4908:(ethnic Germans). The latter expression referred mainly to the German minorities in Eastern Europe. Germans living abroad (for example in America) were and are called
4532:) to replace the alliance of independent states. In this era of emerging national movements, "Germany" was used only as a reference to a particular geographical area.
4694:
is another word also used in contexts other than politics. Many associations in Germany are federations or have a federalised structure and differentiate between a
2970:, roughly the area where Germany now is, it seems that the new word was taken on by the people only slowly, over the centuries: in central Eastern Francia the word
5171:
Until 1970, a number of expressions competed in the Federal Republic to designate the other German state (the communist German Democratic Republic). It was called
2978:
and other variants were only used by people to describe themselves, at first as an alternative term, from about the 10th century. It was used, for example, in the
6336:
7825:
4180:) is the Korean pronunciation of the former Japanese name. The compound coined by the Japanese was adapted into Korean, so its characters 獨逸 are not pronounced
4749:
of 1848–49, argued about what should become of Austria. Including Austria (at least the German-speaking parts) in a future German state was referred to as the
3606:
the words that historically applied to ancient Saxons changed their meaning over the centuries to denote the whole country of Germany and the Germans. In some
3986:
wackis ("war cry") or Latvian vēkšķis. Such names could have been used to describe neighbouring people whose language was incomprehensible to Baltic peoples.
8452:
7986:
7981:
7976:
7971:
620:
8193:
7834:
3910:(نمچه), is borrowed from the anterior Arabic name of Austria known throughout the Islamic world who considered Austria to be home of the Germans. The
8226:
6395:
5168:—a chauvinist concept) aspirations. In 1969 the Federal Ministry for All German Affairs was renamed the Federal Ministry for Intra-German Relations.
3490:
5689:
6691:
6534:
499:
3263:
take pride in their German origin, stating that this noble blood separates them from all comparison (with the Gauls) and the Gaulish laziness".
8338:
8221:
5675:
4959:(Second Empire) being used to refer to Germany between the years 1871 and 1919. Germany under Hitler's rule is most commonly called in English
8233:
6896:
6167:
4939:
After Adolf Hitler took power in 1933, the official name of the state was still the same. For a couple of years, Hitler used the expression
755:
Each of the names for Germany has been adapted into other languages all over the world. After an overview of variants this article presents
8379:
5717:
R.V.Sowa, Wörterbuch des Dialekts der deutschen Zigeuner. Westliche Mundart (Abhandlungen für die Kunde des Morgenlandes 11) Leipzig 1898 (
3493:, which is probably not really connected to the word "almond" (of Greek origin) but is a corruption of "Almain furnace". In modern German,
5226:(our republic). The GDR still supported the idea of a German nation and the need for reunification. The Federal Republic was often called
8143:
7818:
6198:
5877:
4330:(of (the) German nation), showing that the former idea of a universal realm had given way to a concentration on the German territories.
8346:
7966:
3850:
6228:
5085:
was still used for a couple of years (in 1947, for instance, when the Social Democrats gathered in Nuremberg they called their rally
4519:
7182:
6422:
6300:
4734:
exists in all three of them: in Switzerland it is the government and in Germany and Austria the house of regional representatives.
4471:. These English terms were obsolete by the 19th century. At the time, the territory of modern Germany belonged to the realm of the
613:
3587:: a Saxon was perhaps literally a swordsman, or (b) to be derived from the word "axe", the region axed between the valleys of the
7363:
172:
5859:
4779:
4751:
7811:
7443:
5160:, referring to Germany in the international borders of 1937 (before Hitler started to annex other countries). This resulted in
8352:
6656:
6075:
5919:
5808:
4371:—the tribes did not themselves use the term. After 1500 these tribes were identified by linguists as belonging to a group of
553:
484:
417:
5371:
8104:
6963:
5718:
3028:, a military religious order, and the Teutonic Cross) and "Teuton" (noun), attested from 1833. "Teuton" was also used for
6810:
6793:
6626:
4322:. It was a union of relatively independent rulers who each ruled their own territories. This empire was called in German
606:
380:
148:
6331:
5330:
ceased to exist. Five new federal states ("Bundesländer") were established and joined the "Bundesrepublik Deutschland" (
6701:
6666:
6611:
2974:
was used for a lot longer, as there was no need for people to distinguish themselves from the distant Franks. The word
519:
313:
168:
3994:
In East Asia, the names have generally been imported directly from German "deutsch" or Dutch "duits" in various ways.
7150:
7054:
6891:
5999:
5965:
5846:
5829:
5311:
5285:
5032:
5006:
4868:
4842:
4611:
4585:
5293:
5014:
4850:
4593:
5481:
5476:
4803:
163:
4915:
After the Emperor was forced to abdicate in 1918 and the republic was declared, Germany was informally called the
214:
8432:
8262:
8058:
7569:
7016:
6616:
3846:
3719:
was narrowed to just Germans. The plural form is used for the Germans instead of any specific country name, e.g.
3024:, ultimately give birth to the English words "Teuton" (first found in 1530) for the adjective German, (as in the
325:
190:
8205:
7499:
6999:
6815:
6499:
5466:
5419:
5289:
5010:
4846:
4589:
3914:
as well was the biggest German-speaking country in the 16th to 17th centuries bordering on the Ottoman Empire.
3872:
appeared during the Crusades era, another possibility is that the term could have been known early by Arabs in
3051:), the neighboring Germanic dialects, areas and inhabitants of Flanders to Alsace are sometimes referred to as
2924:; however, when the Franks moved their political and cultural centre to the area where France now is, the term
828:
194:
153:
944:
8442:
8371:
7293:
7069:
6931:
6835:
6734:
5654:
The Content of the Concept Germans (Rus. NEMETS) in the Ancient Russian Chronicles of the 10th–16th Centuries
5230:
or the BRD. After 1970 the GDR called itself a "socialist state of German nation". Westerners called the GDR
4893:
of 1848/1849. This expression was commonly used in official papers and also on maps, while in other contexts
4308:
840:
6145:
E. Fraenkel, Litauisches etymol. Wörterbuch (Indogerm. Bibliothek II,7) Heidelberg/Göttingen 1965, page 1272
7313:
7041:
6911:
6415:
3155:
2775:
186:
5218:, GDR). This state was not considered to be a successor of the Reich, but, nevertheless, to represent all
3816:
Over time, the Slavic exonym was borrowed by some non-Slavic languages. The Hungarian name for Germany is
1800:
8447:
8437:
8398:
7108:
7021:
6473:
6299:(5th edition 1955), 578pp; essays on German literature, music, philosophy, art and, especially, history.
5383:
5331:
4703:
206:
158:
143:
138:
93:
6061:
8267:
8188:
8121:
8114:
8109:
7706:
7519:
7436:
7031:
6943:
6921:
6840:
6825:
6641:
6621:
6463:
6129:
5471:
5326:
5215:
4730:
4653:
was transformed into the German Empire, the preamble said that the participating monarchs are creating
4650:
4537:
4508:
385:
355:
128:
4713:, referring to the national football coach, does not refer to the Federal Republic, but to the Fußball
3362:") and the adjective "germane" are not connected to the name for the country, but come from the Latin
8257:
7767:
7544:
7283:
6468:
5738:"Crocodile Skin, or the Fraternal Curtain (pp 742–759). 2012. The Antioch Review. Vol 70, No 4, Fall"
4639:
4245:) had been used in North Korea until the 1990s. Use of the Chinese name (in its Korean pronunciation
4050:
3505:
branch of the Germanic language family, spoken by approximately ten million people in six countries.
3268:
202:
198:
133:
5801:
Eine Auswahl der interessantesten Beiträge zur internationalen Ausschreibung „Ausgewanderte Wörter".
5758:
2954:
8277:
8272:
7260:
7222:
7059:
6830:
5274:
4995:
4831:
4574:
4227:
4204:
4092:
4023:
3899:
210:
6175:
5049:
Occupied Germany in 1947, with western (green, blue and yellow) and eastern (red) occupation zones
8333:
8317:
8138:
7782:
7734:
7631:
7626:
7396:
7270:
7250:
7227:
7207:
7167:
7130:
7079:
6953:
6916:
6686:
6408:
6027:
5841:
Ullrich, Jan F. (2008). New Lakota Dictionary. Bloomington, Indiana: Lakota Language Consortium.
5347:
5278:
4999:
4835:
4578:
3184:
3098:
1031:
477:
178:
34:
2762:), and was used to differentiate between the speakers of Germanic languages and those who spoke
775:
In general, the names for Germany can be arranged in six main groups according to their origin:
8133:
7197:
7172:
7135:
6994:
6926:
6755:
6646:
6636:
4549:
4279:
2484:
2330:
2282:
2273:
1022:
982:
343:
237:
5199:
3231:
19th-century and early 20th-century historians speculated on whether the northern Belgae were
2914:, i.e. in the region which is now northern France. The word is only known from the Latin form
8238:
8165:
7739:
7591:
7429:
7358:
7177:
7162:
7125:
6206:
5745:
5458:
4767:
4407:
2994:
2659:
1782:
1081:
720:
540:
182:
6113:
5365:
are still used for the western and the eastern parts of the German territory, respectively.
4702:(level of the regional states), in a similar way to the political bodies. An example is the
8309:
8170:
8160:
8155:
7744:
7421:
7140:
7084:
6968:
6906:
6901:
6871:
6803:
6781:
6729:
6631:
4746:
4645:
4512:
4264:
3656:
3509:
3354:, just like the Italian noun "Germani" (adjective: "germanici"), and the French adjective "
2738:
2637:
2190:
1927:
1901:
1737:
1480:
535:
363:
350:
242:
4074:
3411:
3251:: by "German(ic)" Caesar meant "originating east of the Rhine". Tacitus wrote in his book
3131:(which the Romans adopted) as the original Germanic tribes did not refer to themselves as
2936:. For this reason a new word was needed to help differentiate between them. Thus the word
901:
806:
8:
8150:
8099:
7691:
7323:
7217:
7192:
7187:
7064:
7009:
6948:
6854:
6585:
6519:
6236:
4441:
4333:
In 19th- and 20th-century historiography, the Holy Roman Empire was often referred to as
4058:
3927:
3450:
I learned it in England, where, indeed, they are most potent in potting: your Dane, your
3439:
3281:
2779:
2410:
2383:
2113:
1936:
1434:
1406:
1338:
1310:
1063:
6681:
6045:
6021:
1824:
8403:
8046:
8041:
8016:
7953:
7838:
7661:
7621:
7601:
7581:
7484:
7389:
7382:
7237:
7202:
7089:
7074:
7004:
6982:
6958:
6886:
6820:
6750:
6661:
6580:
6549:
6458:
6435:
6125:
6101:
5906:, Archimedes, vol. 64, Cham: Springer International Publishing, pp. 143–144,
4504:
4500:
4383:(for the area where they lived) became the common Latin words for Germans and Germany.
4372:
3802:
3727:
in Silesian dialect. In other languages, the country's name derives from the adjective
3285:
2998:
2790:
2756:
2745:
2419:
2392:
2291:
2181:
2172:
2138:
1883:
1622:
1576:
1545:
1491:
1430:
1181:
1013:
889:
794:
646:
330:
290:
262:
102:
19:
3939:
3359:
8128:
7991:
7772:
7596:
7343:
7318:
7265:
7212:
7026:
6798:
6590:
5995:
5961:
5915:
5842:
5825:
5804:
5669:
4791:
4472:
4319:
4148:
3958:', both thought to be derived from the Baltic word; the ethnonym *vakja, used by the
3603:
2899:
2651:
2502:
2358:
2349:
2244:
2213:
2154:
2051:
2033:
1815:
1791:
1728:
1640:
1594:
1536:
1368:
1271:
1239:
1230:
1155:
1132:
1123:
295:
218:
4269:
3610:
the word for the English nationality is derived from Saxon, e.g., the Scottish term
3040:
used in some areas until the 19th century and its currently used official variation
1461:
8051:
8036:
8006:
7792:
7777:
7724:
7676:
7671:
7646:
7504:
7405:
7353:
7348:
7333:
7328:
7155:
7120:
7094:
6766:
6570:
6539:
6494:
6489:
5907:
5904:
Collected Wisdom of the Early Modern Scholar: Essays in Honor of Mordechai Feingold
5625:
4437:
3923:
3903:
3820:(from the stem Német-, lit. "Német land"). The popular Romanian name for German is
3621:
3607:
3599:
3498:
3426:
3330:
In English, the word "German" is first attested in 1520, replacing earlier uses of
3240:
3198:
3180:
3119:
3025:
2824:
2783:
2767:
2518:
2401:
2262:
2228:
2199:
2129:
2042:
1999:
1945:
1911:
1892:
1865:
1773:
1764:
1631:
1603:
1526:
1507:
1470:
1452:
1377:
1207:
1191:
1171:
1141:
1040:
1004:
874:
734:
727:
683:
257:
252:
247:
7762:
6079:
5772:
5607:
a mute, e.g. who doesn't speak Slavonic' or unlikely from the name of the ancient
2928:
became ambiguous, as in the West Francian territory some Franks spoke Latin, some
2087:
24:
8249:
8031:
8011:
7701:
7651:
7611:
7564:
7559:
7534:
7529:
7524:
7509:
7494:
7489:
7479:
7474:
7469:
7464:
7308:
7303:
7298:
7245:
6671:
6340:
6307:
5101:
4920:
4524:
4167:
3911:
3833:
3421:
3351:
3236:
3189:
2967:
2911:
2816:
2763:
2749:
2722:
2667:
2625:
2605:
2462:
2253:
2219:
2060:
1833:
1755:
1746:
1677:
1613:
1585:
1567:
1516:
1329:
922:
856:
780:
710:
667:
656:
642:
637:
in different languages, more so than for any other European nation. For example:
427:
7803:
6386:
5911:
928:
834:
822:
8026:
8021:
7996:
7787:
7729:
7696:
7686:
7666:
7656:
7641:
7636:
7616:
7586:
7554:
7539:
7514:
7410:
7288:
7275:
6938:
6696:
5504:
5444:
5053:
4399:
4045:
3629:
3396:
3308:
2979:
2959:
2895:
2731:
2538:
2436:
2163:
2008:
1990:
1976:
1960:
1874:
1849:
1649:
1426:
1397:
1320:
1287:
1255:
1049:
991:
865:
593:
579:
320:
5899:
8426:
7681:
7606:
7576:
6651:
6064:. Journal of Indo-European Studies. 3 December 1974 – via Google Books.
5900:"Planks from a Shipwreck: Belief and Evidence in Sixteenth-Century Histories"
5105:
The Federal Republic in blue, GDR in red and West Berlin in yellow, 1949–1990
3842:
3797:(немецкий) comes from the same Slavic root while the name for the country is
3775:
3462:
3366:, "siblings with the same parents or father", which has cognates in Catalan,
3142:
2891:
2078:
1686:
1663:
1443:
1296:
407:
5587:
While the Sardinian name of the country belongs to the second category, the
5519:
While the Bulgarian name of the country belongs to the second category, the
4770:
objected to this. It was realised only in 1938 when Germany annexed Austria
2709:
7036:
6711:
6706:
6676:
6575:
6529:
5882:
5113:, established in 1949, saw itself as the same state founded in 1867/71 but
4304:
3983:
3694:
3660:
3649:
3502:
3486:
3342:
3202:
3020:, a tribe with a name which probably came from the same root, did, through
2929:
2683:
2551:
2024:
1387:
516:
512:
447:
437:
398:
285:
72:
6396:
Why are there so many names for Germany, AKA Deutschland, Allemagne, etc.?
5570:
While the Russian name of the country belongs to the second category, the
5536:
While the Italian name of the country belongs to the second category, the
5346:, although considered a de facto federal state, had the legal status of a
4810:
4681:
who holds office in a state such as Rhineland-Palatinate or Lower Saxony.
4337:, creating a link to the later nation state of 1871. Besides the official
3117:, of the 3rd century BC, a word simply describing fertile land behind the
3094:
2069:
113:
8325:
8301:
8291:
7046:
6760:
6595:
6544:
6314:
Modern Germany: An Encyclopedia of History, People, and Culture 1871–1990
5343:
5339:
5335:
4944:
4480:
4315:
4274:
3967:
3415:
3395:
and the other similar-sounding names above are derived from the southern
3296:
3244:
2903:
2579:
2100:
1347:
913:
764:
763:
context for the forms and their worldwide usage as well as names used in
300:
6381:
5210:
In 1949, the communists, protected by the Soviet Union, established the
4286:
variation as well, with some modifications; others use unrelated signs.
3386:
8363:
7255:
6876:
6100:
C. Iulius Caesar, "Commentariorum Libri VII De Bello Gallico", VI, 25.
4453:
4362:
3873:
3300:
3248:
3056:
2916:
2704:
2319:
969:
370:
5898:
Popper, Nicholas S. (2023), Roos, Anna Marie; Manning, Gideon (eds.),
4138:
4113:
4086:
1846:), not used anymore or used very rarely, now using Russian "Германия".
6866:
6514:
5942:
4797:
4773:
4468:
4107:
3664:
3645:
3612:
3482:
3458:; he gives your Hollander a vomit, ere the next pottle can be filled.
2836:
2832:
2744:), which originally meant "of the people". This in turn comes from a
2618:
2558:
1216:
760:
756:
6174:(in German). Hamburg, Germany: University of Hamburg. Archived from
6154:
5737:
5263:
4984:
4820:
4563:
3108:
and the other similar-sounding names above are all derived from the
659:
6400:
5045:
4507:
in 1806. Some of the German countries were then collected into the
4496:
4464:
4358:
4119:
3399:
3332:
3172:
3168:
3164:
3113:
3083:
3064:
3002:
2987:
lant hevet sinen palenzgreven: sassen, beieren, vranken unde svaven
2840:
2470:
1706:
1114:
677:
5089:). In many contexts, the German people still called their country
4624:
The first nation state named "Germany" began in 1871; before that
7145:
6565:
6509:
6431:
5608:
5588:
5571:
5537:
5520:
5353:
The official name of the country is Federal Republic of Germany (
5222:. Rulers and inhabitants of GDR called their state simply DDR or
4422:
4375:(which include modern languages like German, English and Dutch).
3959:
3955:
3861:
3838:
3779:
3771:
3435:
3256:
3218:
3176:
3089:
3048:
3033:
3017:
3006:
2951:, to mean "belonging to the people", i.e. the people's language.
2726:
2587:
2522:
2496:
2474:
2311:
1090:
634:
465:
267:
5872:
4786:. However, these expressions became neither common nor popular.
3481:
Through this name, the English language has also been given the
3323:), describing the Germanic tribesmen as noisy. He describes the
2721:
and the other similar-sounding names above are derived from the
6076:"(in Polish) Etymology of the Polish-language word for Germany"
5621:
5074:
was the preferred spelling to de-emphasize the relationship to
4728:(Austria since 1918, Switzerland) are used too. An organ named
4484:
4476:
4430:
4012:
4002:
3943:
3683:
3668:
3641:
3637:
3572:
3407:
3260:
3222:
3210:
3160:
3071:), The term is obsolete and derives from theodisc (see above).
3060:
2945:
2907:
2576:), describing Germanic tribes which invaded continental Europe.
2573:
2510:
2456:
2340:
960:
812:
744:
5203:
International vehicle registration oval including the letters
4778:. National Socialist propaganda proclaimed the realisation of
4318:, the territory of modern Germany was within the realm of the
4255:) is attested for the early 20th century. It is now uncommon.
6525:
Chronology of warfare between the Romans and Germanic peoples
6504:
6257:
Note: Deutschlandlied has been the national anthem since 1922
4919:. The official name of the state remained the same. The term
4762:
In 1919, the Weimar Constitution postulated the inclusion of
4745:
In the 19th century before 1871, Germans, for example in the
4553:
3592:
3584:
3403:
3232:
3124:
3109:
3021:
1110:
938:
693:
46:
7451:
5803:
Rowohlt Taschenbuch Verl, Reinbek bei Hamburg 2007, p. 123,
2982:, a legal code, written in Middle Low German in about 1220:
5253:
5250:(the GDR government was in the Pankow district of Berlin).
3588:
3580:
3541:
3443:
3299:, who was a philologist as well as collector and editor of
3150:
2990:
2478:
6050:(in Russian). Vol. III. Moscow: Progress. p. 62.
4789:
In National Socialist propaganda, Austria was also called
4737:
4643:, the council of the representatives of the German states
4311:
have further made it difficult to use proper terminology.
4192:. Until the 1980s, South Korean primary textbooks adopted
3942:
associated this with a reference to a Swedish tribe named
3272:
records theories about the Celtic roots of the Latin word
3127:
who first called the people who crossed east of the Rhine
2958:
The German princes choose their king (illustration in the
778:
6321:
Iron Kingdom: The Rise and Downfall of Prussia, 1600–1947
5824:
Holt, Rinehart and Winston, New York, N.Y. 1972, p. 96,
5690:"Amtliche Übersetzungen für "Bundesrepublik Deutschland""
5342:; technically this was the sixth new federal state since
5191:(many GDR politicians lived or worked in Berlin-Pankow).
4951:(Thousand years Reich). Later, Hitler renounced the term
4118:), but has been largely superseded by the aforementioned
3782:. This etymology is dubious for phonological reasons, as
2920:. Until the 8th century the Franks called their language
2570:
8201:
Countries by the number of recognized official languages
7869:
Countries by the number of recognized official languages
6281:
Der lange Weg nach Westen. Deutsche Geschichte 1933–1990
6268:
Der lange Weg nach Westen. Deutsche Geschichte 1806–1933
5057:
Stamp in occupied Germany, 1946: the neutral expression
4900:
Those Germans living within its boundaries were called
4811:
German Empire and Weimar Republic of Germany, 1871–1945
4367:
Roman authors mentioned a number of tribes they called
3571:
are derived from the name of the Germanic tribe of the
3047:
In the northern French language area (northern France,
2902:
today. This was the Germanic dialect used in the early
6023:
Indian Names and History of the Sault Ste. Marie Canal
4782:
and, in 1943, the German Reich was officially renamed
4303:
is older, it is only since 1871 that there has been a
1704:
6362:
A Mighty Fortress: A New History of the German People
5093:, even after two German states were created in 1949.
4881:
The official name of the German state in 1871 became
3552:
is the most common of the terms to describe Germany.
5721:; digitized by archive.org; (older use?); accessed .
5434:
4657:(an eternal confederation) which will have the name
4475:(the Roman Empire restored by the Christian king of
3938:
contain the root vāca or vākiā. Lithuanian linguist
3001:
argued the Germans were descendants of the biblical
2648:("Among the Speakers of a Foreign/Strange Language")
4528:, giving voice to the dreams of a unified Germany (
3770:may derive from the Rhine-based, Germanic tribe of
3704:, 'the mutes, not able (to speak)' (from adjective
3536:, Ojibwe for "foreign speaker" analogous to Slavic
3149:in writing when describing tribes in north-eastern
2713:
Official German-language plaque of a German embassy
2598:used by Germans during the colonial times, or from
2022:
1078:; Vietnamese pronunciation of Chinese abbreviation)
6124:
4307:of Germany. Later political disagreements and the
4091:meaning 'German'. It was earlier written with the
3303:). Yet another theory is that the word comes from
3284:, a German historian and Celtic philologist) – in
2674:from R.F.N. = F.R.G. (Federal Republic of Germany)
7833:
6172:Digitales Wörterbuch des Deutches Gebärdensprache
5719:"Dictionary of the dialect of the German Gypsies"
4326:, with the addition from the late Middle Ages of
1484:
8424:
5960:. University of California Press. pp. 4–5.
4766:(the German-speaking parts of Austria), but the
4417:) meaning "people", "nation", "folk". The word *
4352:
3736:
3295:, battle-cry (put forward by Johann Wachter and
3063:and for the traditional German speaking part of
2117:
1417:
1410:
1068:
6235:. European Sign Language Center. Archived from
6047:Etymological dictionary of the Russian language
5731:
5729:
5727:
4801:, the previous territory of Germany was called
4755:, while a German state without Austria was the
4021:), which approximates the German pronunciation
3746:
3446:describes the drinking prowess of the English:
2993:: Saxony, Bavaria, Franken and Swabia). In the
2495:(in older or dialectal use) – from the name of
2295:
2142:
1495:
5096:
4720:In other German speaking countries, the words
4278:. It is one of the two signs for 'Germany' in
4202:) which approximates the German pronunciation
4153:
4135:
4129:
4123:
4111:
4101:
4095:
4072:
3579:, is believed (a) to be derived from the word
3205:. Unlike Caesar, Tacitus claims that the name
3197:), an ethnographic work on the diverse set of
2098:
1275:
1243:
1159:
899:
726:, referring to strangers, incomprehensible to
8353:Países Africanos de Língua Oficial Portuguesa
7819:
7437:
6416:
6054:
5820:John Joseph Gumperz and Dell Hathaway Hymes,
5591:is "tedescu", belonging to the first category
5194:
4063:
4032:
4011:) is a combination of the short form of 德意志 (
2690:
2266:
2232:
1915:
1555:
1195:
1094:
848:
832:
820:
804:
738:
702:
687:
614:
8380:International Organization of Turkic Culture
5724:
5065:, but still the old currency RM (Reichsmark)
4974:
4250:
4240:
4220:
4197:
4175:
4084:
3917:
2629:
2610:
2481:, thought to be the ancestor of the Germans.
2203:
1837:
1716:
942:
926:
714:
671:
650:
482:
368:
8453:Lists of country names in various languages
6535:Roman campaigns in Germania (12 BC – AD 16)
5994:. New York: Mouton de Gruyter. p. 11.
5620:Possibly from the name of the Scandinavian
5292:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
5013:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
4849:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
4592:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
3636:. "Saxon" also led to the "-sex" ending in
2819:root, although not the name for "Germany" (
2616:("Metal Cap-wearer Land"), in reference to
2309:
1980:
1964:
1853:
1259:
937:; Korean pronunciation of Japanese name in
696:
49:
8347:Community of Portuguese Language Countries
7962:Countries and capitals in native languages
7826:
7812:
7444:
7430:
6423:
6409:
6371:(2 vols., 1961), stress on cultural topics
6068:
5674:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
3013:, which with time derived into Tuiscones.
1690:
1108:
621:
607:
6039:
6037:
6015:
6013:
6011:
5992:Eastern Ojibwa-Chippewa-Ottawa Dictionary
5958:The Roman Empire and its Germanic Peoples
5312:Learn how and when to remove this message
5033:Learn how and when to remove this message
4869:Learn how and when to remove this message
4612:Learn how and when to remove this message
4339:Heiliges Römisches Reich Deutscher Nation
3974:), may also be related). So the word for
3055:, most likely still for the area between
7452:Names of European states and territories
6205:. Sacramento, California. Archived from
5878:Diccionario de la Real Academia Española
5510:, meaning "of the people", "of the folk"
5254:Federal Republic of Germany 1990–present
5198:
5100:
5052:
5044:
4225:) approximates the German pronunciation
4134:is still used in compounds, for example
3793:In Russian, the adjective for "German",
3512:, three terms for "Germany" exist: ᐋᓂᒫ (
3420:
3093:
3009:. They shall have called themselves the
2953:
2708:
701:, although the German people are called
28:European languages – name derived from:
23:
6026:. Detroit: Detroit Free Press. p.
5955:
5650:
4289:
3888:, took its origin from the Latin names
633:There are many widely varying names of
8425:
6297:Germany: A Companion to German Studies
6112:P. CORNELIVS TACITVS ANNALES, 12, 27.
6062:"The Journal of Indo-European Studies"
6043:
6034:
6019:
6008:
5989:
5897:
5860:"Itwêwina: The online Cree dictionary"
3946:in a 6th-century chronicle (cf. finn.
3377:
3074:
2831:is the normal name for Germany but in
2594:– thought to derive from the greeting
8079:
7850:
7807:
7425:
6404:
5893:
5891:
5735:
4226:
4203:
4151:', or as an abbreviation, such as in
4057:
4022:
3989:
3442:uses both "German" and "Almain" when
3358:". The English noun "german" (as in "
2695:
2677:Polish (pre-Second World War slang):
770:
6430:
5866:
5682:
5651:Glushak, Vasiliy (29 October 2022),
5646:
5644:
5413:Germany (Deutsches Reich), 1919–1937
5401:Germany (Deutsches Reich), 1871–1918
5290:adding citations to reliable sources
5257:
5011:adding citations to reliable sources
4978:
4847:adding citations to reliable sources
4814:
4590:adding citations to reliable sources
4557:
4543:
4444:, Germany and Germans were known as
3876:, the reason behind calling Austria
3824:, used alongside the official term,
3759:but with the addition of the suffix
3731:meaning 'German (land)' (f.i. Czech
3674:
3583:, meaning a variety of single-edged
3575:. The word "Saxon", Proto-Germanic *
59: the name of the Alamanni tribe
5614:
5594:
4967:being a colloquial abbreviation of
4487:), not on the level of the Empire.
3555:
2549:resembling German pronunciation of
2204:
1916:
1717:
1691:
1095:
13:
7967:Country names in various languages
6289:
6196:
5888:
5581:
5578:), belonging to the fifth category
5564:
5553:The common demonym in Romanian is
5547:
5530:
5527:), belonging to the fifth category
5513:
5494:
5234:(SBZ, Soviet Zone of Occupation),
5175:(SBZ, Soviet Zone of Occupation),
4083:) is an approximation of the word
4068:that appears in the Chinese name.
3406:tribe or confederation in today's
3291:is "neighbour". Another theory is
2469: (Ashkenaz), from biblical
14:
8464:
6375:
6203:American Sign Language University
5822:The ethnography of communication.
5641:
5628:word meaning "speak" or "war cry"
5544:, belonging to the first category
5109:The Federal Republic of Germany,
4258:
3828:, which was borrowed from Latin.
3438:ii,3, (about 1603), for example,
2898:long ago and has hardly left any
2670:(slang of the communist period):
2374:
2016:(with preceding definite article)
65: the name of the Saxon tribe
6380:
6134:, vol. 1, Trübner & Co.
5482:Territorial evolution of Germany
5477:List of country name etymologies
5451:
5437:
5418:
5406:
5394:
5382:
5370:
5262:
4983:
4889:before 1806 and the rudimentary
4819:
4562:
4429:, whence the Celtic tribal name
4309:partition of Germany (1945–1990)
4093:Sino-Japanese character compound
4001:The common Chinese name 德国 (德國,
3501:) is a group of dialects of the
3159:: he records that four northern
2748:word meaning "folk" (leading to
587:
573:
112:
8263:List of Indo-European languages
8059:Languages of the European Union
6627:German revolutions of 1848–1849
6596:Ostsiedlung (East Colonisation)
6355:Germany in Western Civilization
6273:
6260:
6251:
6221:
6190:
6160:
6148:
6139:
6118:
6106:
6094:
5983:
5974:
5949:
5934:
5852:
5835:
5814:
5790:
5765:
5389:German Confederation, 1815–1866
5212:Deutsche Demokratische Republik
4934:
4885:, linking itself to the former
4698:(federal/national level) and a
4349:(Roman-German Imperial Realm).
4215:The official North Korean name
3853:, described as the land of the
3193:(the Latin title was actually:
2940:evolved from the Germanic word
2799:Also the Italian for "German",
2644:("Among the Steel Helmets") or
381:German revolutions of 1848–1849
6612:Early modern period, 1500–1800
6500:List of early Germanic peoples
5711:
5467:Various terms used for Germans
5152:Germany as a whole was called
4272:one, emulating the shape of a
4163:, German-Japanese relations).
4017:
4007:
3123:(frontier). It was likely the
2843:it is commonly referred to as
2430:
2326:(mostly in derogatory meaning)
2233:
1981:
1965:
1075:
849:
833:
821:
805:
1:
8372:Organization of Turkic States
8080:
7851:
6735:History of Germany since 1990
6385:The dictionary definition of
5740:– via www.academia.edu.
5635:
4463:derived from the name of the
4353:Pre-modern Germany (pre-1800)
4347:Römisch-Deutsches Kaiserreich
4263:The sign name for Germany in
4051:Sino-Vietnamese pronunciation
3982:("speak"), from which derive
3766:According to another theory,
3465:also mentions Germany in his
3195:De Origine et situ Germanorum
3179:, were collectively known as
8222:By number of native speakers
6348:A Concise History of Germany
5881:. The first sense refers to
4904:, those outside were called
4490:
3809:(немски) and the country is
3156:Commentarii de Bello Gallico
2944:(the people) with the Latin
2886:The Germanic language which
2823:). Also in the standardised
2803:(local or archaic variants:
853:, and "guó" means "country")
7:
8234:By number of total speakers
5990:Rhodes, Richard A. (1993).
5912:10.1007/978-3-031-09722-5_7
5430:
5377:The Holy Roman Empire, 1789
5338:joined through merger with
5332:Federal Republic of Germany
5097:Federal Republic of Germany
4704:German Football Association
4633:(reign, realm, empire) and
2989:(Every German land has its
2730:, or similar variants from
1418:
10:
8469:
8268:List of Mongolic languages
6642:North German Confederation
6622:Confederation of the Rhine
6020:Kelton, Dwight H. (1889).
5980:Tacitus: "Germania" par 28
5472:German placename etymology
5355:Bundesrepublik Deutschland
5327:German Democratic Republic
5232:Sowjetische Besatzungszone
5216:German Democratic Republic
5195:German Democratic Republic
5173:Sowjetische Besatzungszone
5111:Bundesrepublik Deutschland
5076:Berlin, Hauptstadt der DDR
4897:was more frequently used.
4724:(Austria before 1918) and
4651:North German Confederation
4547:
4538:North German Confederation
4509:Confederation of the Rhine
4373:Germanic language speakers
4356:
3648:, etc., and of course to "
3384:
3087:
3081:
2890:most likely comes from is
2702:
2691:Discussion of name origins
2212:), meaning all Austrian –
386:North German Confederation
356:Confederation of the Rhine
17:
8391:
8288:
8247:
8214:
8181:
8090:
8086:
8075:
7952:
7861:
7857:
7846:
7753:
7715:
7457:
7376:
7236:
7116:
7107:
6990:
6981:
6862:
6853:
6789:
6780:
6743:
6722:
6604:
6558:
6482:
6451:
6442:
6279:Heinrich August Winkler:
6266:Heinrich August Winkler:
4975:Germany divided 1945–1990
4520:Hoffmann von Fallersleben
4341:, common expressions are
4251:
4241:
4221:
4198:
4176:
4154:
4136:
4130:
4128:. However, the character
4124:
4112:
4102:
4096:
4073:
4064:
4033:
3918:Names from Baltic regions
3831:According to the Chinese
3801:(Германия). Likewise, in
3747:
3737:
3467:Introduction to Knowledge
3319:, to shout (as Old Irish
3280:, neighbour (a theory of
3209:was first applied to the
2770:. These words come from *
2622:-wearing German soldiers.
2466:
2296:
2143:
2118:
1854:
1838:
1556:
1496:
1411:
1300:
1276:
1260:
1244:
1196:
1160:
943:
927:
900:
8278:List of Uralic languages
8273:List of Turkic languages
8194:by country and territory
6794:Administrative divisions
6343:; by Donald S. Detwiler;
6339:31 December 2011 at the
6328:Germany: A Short History
5956:Wolfram, Herwig (1997).
5487:
5348:military occupation zone
4925:Kaiserliches Deutschland
4386:Germans call themselves
4324:Heiliges Römisches Reich
3851:of the Holy Roman Empire
3786:could not become Slavic
2997:, the German reformator
8334:Three Linguistic Spaces
8318:Commonwealth of Nations
6353:Maehl, William Harvey.
6333:Germany A Short History
6306:11 October 2008 at the
5946:in the French wikipedia
5557:, but the popular term
4929:(Deutsches) Kaiserreich
4757:Smaller German Solution
4752:Greater German Solution
3099:Gaius Cornelius Tacitus
2815:), comes from the same
2630:
2612:Béésh Bich'ahii Bikéyah
2151:) (obsolete colloquial)
743:, from the name of the
676:, from the name of the
660:
8433:Country name etymology
7500:Bosnia and Herzegovina
7055:Science and technology
6756:History of Brandenburg
6647:Unification of Germany
6637:Frankfurt Constitution
6330:(3rd ed. 1999) 341pp;
5753:Cite journal requires
5207:
5154:Deutschland als Ganzes
5106:
5066:
5050:
4927:(Imperial Germany) or
4649:. When in 1870–71 the
4550:Unification of Germany
4530:Deutschland über Alles
4525:Das Lied der Deutschen
4280:American Sign Language
4085:
3479:
3460:
3430:
3346:. In German, the word
3327:theory as "obsolete".
3101:
2963:
2883:share this etymology.
2714:
2611:
2529:(a derogative form of
2267:
2037:
1485:
1069:
739:
715:
703:
697:
688:
672:
651:
483:
369:
238:Linear Pottery culture
85:
50:
8239:Languages in censuses
7862:By official languages
6692:Flight and expulsions
6295:Bithell, Jethro, ed.
5798:Ausgewanderte Wörter.
5459:European Union portal
5202:
5104:
5056:
5048:
4949:Tausendjähriges Reich
4707:Deutscher Fußballbund
4379:(for the people) and
4357:Further information:
3510:Anishinaabe languages
3471:
3448:
3424:
3385:Further information:
3374:, meaning "brother".
3221:corresponding to the
3217:is thought to be the
3145:was the first to use
3097:
3088:Further information:
2957:
2712:
2703:Further information:
2642:pîwâpiskwastotininâhk
2634:("Bad Speaker Land").
2521:from the area around
2023:From the name of the
1705:From the name of the
164:Territorial evolution
27:
8443:Geography of Germany
8310:Dutch Language Union
7954:Endonyms and exonyms
7364:World Heritage Sites
7042:German states by GDP
6632:German Confederation
6326:Detwiler, Donald S.
6319:Clark, Christopher.
6312:Buse, Dieter K. ed.
6283:, Bonn 2004, p. 6/7.
6270:, Bonn 2002, p. 209.
6044:Vasmer, Max (1986).
5286:improve this section
5007:improve this section
4843:improve this section
4747:Frankfurt Parliament
4738:Greater Germany and
4586:improve this section
4513:German Confederation
4495:The French emperor,
4345:(the old Reich) and
4290:Etymological history
4265:German Sign Language
4228:[ˈdɔʏtʃlant]
4205:[ˈdɔʏtʃlant]
4184:as in Japanese, but
4043:The Vietnamese name
3970:, in older sources (
3860:The Arabic name for
3657:Transylvanian Saxons
3387:Alemanni § Name
3307:, "spear"; however,
3036:), its abbreviation
500:Expulsion of Germans
466:Contemporary Germany
364:German Confederation
83: Unclear origin
8329:(Romance languages)
8206:Number of languages
7716:States with limited
7000:Automobile industry
6586:Carolingian dynasty
6520:History of the Huns
6369:Germany: 2000 Years
6367:Reinhardt, Kurt F.
6197:Vicars, William G.
5697:auswaertiges-amt.de
5121:. For example, the
5078:(the GDR capital).
5063:Deutsche Reichspost
4784:Großdeutsches Reich
4740:Großdeutsches Reich
4677:, in contrast to a
4442:Early Modern period
4425:with Proto-Celtic *
4406:) derived from Old
4062:) of the character
3616:, the Breton terms
3528:, from the English
3473:The people of High
3163:tribes, namely the
2894:, a language which
2855:respectively, with
2778:word for "people" (
2776:Proto-Indo-European
314:Early Modern period
301:Eastward settlement
8448:Culture of Germany
8438:History of Germany
8404:Category:Languages
8399:Lists of languages
8383:(Turkic languages)
8375:(Turkic languages)
8189:Official languages
7070:Telecommunications
6751:History of Prussia
6667:Revolution of 1918
6662:War guilt question
6581:Carolingian Empire
6550:Sack of Rome (410)
6459:History of Germany
6209:on 1 December 2022
6126:Emil Bretschneider
5425:Nazi Germany, 1944
5208:
5107:
5067:
5051:
4764:Deutsch-Österreich
4505:Holy Roman Emperor
4501:Emperor of Austria
4071:Japanese language
3990:Names in East Asia
3906:word for Austria,
3847:invasion of Poland
3708:'mute' and suffix
3540:"Mutes" and Arab (
3520:, from the French
3431:
3102:
2999:Philip Melanchthon
2995:Carion's Chronicle
2964:
2757:Middle High German
2715:
1313:: जर्मनी / جرمنی (
771:List of area names
594:History portal
580:Germany portal
331:Kingdom of Prussia
291:Kingdom of Germany
263:Barbarian kingdoms
86:
20:History of Germany
8420:
8419:
8416:
8415:
8412:
8411:
8258:Language families
8071:
8070:
8067:
8066:
7801:
7800:
7419:
7418:
7372:
7371:
7103:
7102:
7017:Chemical Triangle
6977:
6976:
6964:Political parties
6912:Foreign relations
6849:
6848:
6776:
6775:
6687:Allied occupation
6591:Holy Roman Empire
5921:978-3-031-09722-5
5809:978-3-19-107891-1
5611:tribe. See below.
5503:or similar, from
5322:
5321:
5314:
5244:Mitteldeutschland
5185:Mitteldeutschland
5158:Gesamtdeutschland
5043:
5042:
5035:
4969:Nationalsozialist
4917:Deutsche Republik
4879:
4878:
4871:
4655:einen ewigen Bund
4622:
4621:
4614:
4544:German Federation
4473:Holy Roman Empire
4413:(Proto-Germanic *
4398:is an adjective (
4320:Holy Roman Empire
4149:German literature
3845:took part in the
3805:the adjective is
3745:), and Ukrainian
3729:němьcьska (zemja)
3489:and probably the
3434:acting Dutch. In
3412:Baden-Württemberg
2768:Romance languages
2310:From the name of
2214:Holy Roman Empire
2017:
1000:regnum Teutonicum
737:call the country
631:
630:
562:
561:
456:
455:
296:Holy Roman Empire
173:Holy Roman Empire
8460:
8384:
8376:
8368:
8358:
8343:
8330:
8322:
8314:
8306:
8088:
8087:
8077:
8076:
7859:
7858:
7848:
7847:
7828:
7821:
7814:
7805:
7804:
7754:Dependencies and
7458:Sovereign states
7446:
7439:
7432:
7423:
7422:
7399:
7392:
7385:
7349:Prussian virtues
7114:
7113:
7022:Economic history
6988:
6987:
6882:
6860:
6859:
6811:Cities and towns
6787:
6786:
6767:Baden Revolution
6571:Treaty of Verdun
6540:Marcomannic Wars
6495:Migration Period
6490:Germanic peoples
6474:Military history
6449:
6448:
6425:
6418:
6411:
6402:
6401:
6384:
6360:Ozment, Steven.
6346:Fulbrook, Mary.
6284:
6277:
6271:
6264:
6258:
6255:
6249:
6248:
6246:
6244:
6225:
6219:
6218:
6216:
6214:
6194:
6188:
6187:
6185:
6183:
6164:
6158:
6152:
6146:
6143:
6137:
6135:
6122:
6116:
6110:
6104:
6098:
6092:
6091:
6089:
6087:
6078:. Archived from
6072:
6066:
6065:
6058:
6052:
6051:
6041:
6032:
6031:
6017:
6006:
6005:
5987:
5981:
5978:
5972:
5971:
5953:
5947:
5938:
5932:
5931:
5930:
5928:
5895:
5886:
5870:
5864:
5863:
5856:
5850:
5839:
5833:
5818:
5812:
5794:
5788:
5787:
5785:
5783:
5769:
5763:
5762:
5756:
5751:
5749:
5741:
5736:Kamusella, Tom.
5733:
5722:
5715:
5709:
5708:
5706:
5704:
5694:
5686:
5680:
5679:
5673:
5665:
5664:
5662:
5648:
5629:
5618:
5612:
5598:
5592:
5585:
5579:
5568:
5562:
5561:can be heard too
5551:
5545:
5534:
5528:
5517:
5511:
5498:
5461:
5456:
5455:
5454:
5447:
5442:
5441:
5440:
5422:
5410:
5398:
5386:
5374:
5317:
5310:
5306:
5303:
5297:
5266:
5258:
5141:(citizen of the
5038:
5031:
5027:
5024:
5018:
4987:
4979:
4910:Auslandsdeutsche
4874:
4867:
4863:
4860:
4854:
4823:
4815:
4617:
4610:
4606:
4603:
4597:
4566:
4558:
4503:to step down as
4452:in English, via
4328:Deutscher Nation
4254:
4253:
4244:
4243:
4235:. Traditionally
4230:
4224:
4223:
4207:
4201:
4200:
4179:
4178:
4161:Dokunichi kankei
4158:
4157:
4156:
4142:
4141:
4133:
4132:
4127:
4126:
4117:
4116:
4105:
4104:
4099:
4098:
4090:
4078:
4077:
4067:
4066:
4061:
4036:
4035:
4026:
4024:[ˈdɔʏtʃ]
4019:
4009:
3755:) are also from
3750:
3749:
3740:
3739:
3663:mainly from the
3608:Celtic languages
3499:Alemannic German
3427:Alemannic German
3425:The areas where
3350:today refers to
3213:tribe. The name
3069:Lorraine Thioise
3026:Teutonic Knights
2906:, spoken by the
2900:written evidence
2857:tiara/teara/tera
2633:
2631:Iyášiča Makȟóčhe
2615:
2614:
2517:used for German
2477:and grandson of
2468:
2299:
2298:
2270:
2236:
2235:
2207:
2206:
2146:
2145:
2121:
2120:
2015:
1984:
1983:
1968:
1967:
1919:
1918:
1857:
1856:
1841:
1840:
1801:Franco-Provençal
1720:
1719:
1694:
1693:
1559:
1558:
1499:
1498:
1488:
1421:
1414:
1413:
1302:
1279:
1278:
1263:
1262:
1247:
1246:
1199:
1198:
1163:
1162:
1098:
1097:
1077:
1072:
948:
947:
932:
931:
905:
904:
852:
851:
838:
837:
826:
825:
810:
809:
742:
718:
706:
700:
691:
675:
663:
654:
623:
616:
609:
596:
592:
591:
590:
582:
578:
577:
576:
488:
471:
470:
404:
403:
374:
258:Migration Period
253:Germanic peoples
248:Urnfield culture
116:
106:
88:
87:
82:
70:
64:
58:
53:
44:
32:
8468:
8467:
8463:
8462:
8461:
8459:
8458:
8457:
8423:
8422:
8421:
8408:
8387:
8382:
8374:
8366:
8356:
8341:
8328:
8320:
8312:
8304:
8294:
8290:
8284:
8250:language family
8243:
8210:
8177:
8092:
8082:
8063:
7948:
7884:Dutch/Afrikaans
7853:
7842:
7832:
7802:
7797:
7755:
7749:
7735:Northern Cyprus
7717:
7711:
7632:North Macedonia
7453:
7450:
7420:
7415:
7402:
7395:
7388:
7381:
7368:
7232:
7183:Life expectancy
7099:
6973:
6944:Law enforcement
6880:
6845:
6772:
6739:
6718:
6702:Divided Germany
6672:Weimar Republic
6600:
6566:Frankish Empire
6554:
6478:
6444:
6438:
6429:
6378:
6341:Wayback Machine
6308:Wayback Machine
6292:
6290:Further reading
6287:
6278:
6274:
6265:
6261:
6256:
6252:
6242:
6240:
6239:on 22 June 2022
6233:Spread the Sign
6227:
6226:
6222:
6212:
6210:
6195:
6191:
6181:
6179:
6166:
6165:
6161:
6153:
6149:
6144:
6140:
6123:
6119:
6111:
6107:
6099:
6095:
6085:
6083:
6082:on 2 April 2008
6074:
6073:
6069:
6060:
6059:
6055:
6042:
6035:
6018:
6009:
6002:
5988:
5984:
5979:
5975:
5968:
5954:
5950:
5939:
5935:
5926:
5924:
5922:
5896:
5889:
5871:
5867:
5858:
5857:
5853:
5840:
5836:
5819:
5815:
5796:Jutta Limbach,
5795:
5791:
5781:
5779:
5771:
5770:
5766:
5754:
5752:
5743:
5742:
5734:
5725:
5716:
5712:
5702:
5700:
5692:
5688:
5687:
5683:
5667:
5666:
5660:
5658:
5657:, Rochester, NY
5649:
5642:
5638:
5633:
5632:
5619:
5615:
5599:
5595:
5586:
5582:
5574:is "немецкий" (
5569:
5565:
5552:
5548:
5535:
5531:
5518:
5514:
5499:
5495:
5490:
5457:
5452:
5450:
5443:
5438:
5436:
5433:
5426:
5423:
5414:
5411:
5402:
5399:
5390:
5387:
5378:
5375:
5359:Westdeutschland
5318:
5307:
5301:
5298:
5283:
5267:
5256:
5228:Westdeutschland
5224:unsere Republik
5197:
5099:
5087:Reichsparteitag
5083:Deutsches Reich
5039:
5028:
5022:
5019:
5004:
4988:
4977:
4937:
4921:Weimar Republic
4883:Deutsches Reich
4875:
4864:
4858:
4855:
4840:
4824:
4813:
4780:Großdeutschland
4743:
4659:Deutsches Reich
4618:
4607:
4601:
4598:
4583:
4567:
4556:
4548:Main articles:
4546:
4522:wrote the song
4493:
4365:
4355:
4335:Deutsches Reich
4292:
4261:
4152:
4106:has since been
4031:'German', plus
3992:
3940:Kazimieras Būga
3920:
3912:Austrian Empire
3900:Ottoman Turkish
3834:History of Yuan
3680:
3561:
3485:(a dance), the
3389:
3383:
3370:, and Spanish,
3352:Germanic tribes
3237:Germanic tribes
3199:Germanic tribes
3092:
3086:
3080:
3030:Teutonisch Land
2968:Eastern Francia
2912:Western Francia
2863:. French words
2817:Old High German
2750:Old High German
2723:Old High German
2707:
2701:
2693:
2609:
2537:) referring to
2463:Medieval Hebrew
2433:
2428:
2377:
2372:
2315:
2307:
2200:Ottoman Turkish
2107:
2096:
2029:
2020:
1711:
1702:
1586:Scottish Gaelic
1119:
1106:
1054:இடாய்ச்சுலாந்து
788:
781:Old High German
773:
657:Old High German
627:
588:
586:
585:
574:
572:
571:
564:
563:
545:
524:
491:
468:
458:
457:
428:Weimar Republic
401:
391:
390:
377:
346:
336:
335:
316:
306:
305:
281:
273:
272:
268:Frankish Empire
243:Únětice culture
233:
225:
224:
169:Historic states
124:
104:
97:
84:
80:
78:
68:
66:
62:
60:
56:
54:
42:
40:
30:
22:
12:
11:
5:
8466:
8456:
8455:
8450:
8445:
8440:
8435:
8418:
8417:
8414:
8413:
8410:
8409:
8407:
8406:
8401:
8395:
8393:
8389:
8388:
8386:
8385:
8377:
8369:
8361:
8360:
8359:
8344:
8336:
8331:
8323:
8315:
8307:
8298:
8296:
8289:Language-based
8286:
8285:
8283:
8282:
8281:
8280:
8275:
8270:
8265:
8254:
8252:
8245:
8244:
8242:
8241:
8236:
8231:
8230:
8229:
8218:
8216:
8212:
8211:
8209:
8208:
8203:
8198:
8197:
8196:
8185:
8183:
8179:
8178:
8176:
8175:
8174:
8173:
8168:
8163:
8153:
8148:
8147:
8146:
8144:Southeast Asia
8141:
8136:
8126:
8125:
8124:
8119:
8118:
8117:
8102:
8096:
8094:
8084:
8083:
8073:
8072:
8069:
8068:
8065:
8064:
8062:
8061:
8056:
8055:
8054:
8049:
8044:
8039:
8034:
8029:
8024:
8019:
8014:
8009:
8004:
7999:
7994:
7989:
7984:
7979:
7974:
7964:
7958:
7956:
7950:
7949:
7947:
7946:
7941:
7936:
7931:
7926:
7921:
7916:
7911:
7906:
7901:
7896:
7891:
7886:
7881:
7876:
7871:
7865:
7863:
7855:
7854:
7844:
7843:
7831:
7830:
7823:
7816:
7808:
7799:
7798:
7796:
7795:
7790:
7785:
7780:
7775:
7770:
7765:
7759:
7757:
7756:other entities
7751:
7750:
7748:
7747:
7742:
7737:
7732:
7727:
7721:
7719:
7713:
7712:
7710:
7709:
7707:United Kingdom
7704:
7699:
7694:
7689:
7684:
7679:
7674:
7669:
7664:
7659:
7654:
7649:
7644:
7639:
7634:
7629:
7624:
7619:
7614:
7609:
7604:
7599:
7594:
7589:
7584:
7579:
7574:
7572:
7567:
7562:
7557:
7552:
7547:
7542:
7537:
7532:
7527:
7522:
7520:Czech Republic
7517:
7512:
7507:
7502:
7497:
7492:
7487:
7482:
7477:
7472:
7467:
7461:
7459:
7455:
7454:
7449:
7448:
7441:
7434:
7426:
7417:
7416:
7414:
7413:
7408:
7401:
7400:
7393:
7386:
7378:
7377:
7374:
7373:
7370:
7369:
7367:
7366:
7361:
7356:
7351:
7346:
7341:
7336:
7331:
7326:
7321:
7316:
7311:
7306:
7301:
7296:
7291:
7286:
7281:
7280:Cultural icons
7278:
7273:
7268:
7263:
7258:
7253:
7248:
7242:
7240:
7234:
7233:
7231:
7230:
7225:
7220:
7215:
7210:
7205:
7200:
7195:
7190:
7185:
7180:
7175:
7170:
7165:
7160:
7159:
7158:
7153:
7143:
7138:
7133:
7128:
7123:
7117:
7111:
7105:
7104:
7101:
7100:
7098:
7097:
7092:
7087:
7082:
7077:
7072:
7067:
7062:
7060:Stock exchange
7057:
7052:
7044:
7039:
7034:
7029:
7024:
7019:
7014:
7013:
7012:
7002:
6997:
6991:
6985:
6979:
6978:
6975:
6974:
6972:
6971:
6966:
6961:
6956:
6951:
6946:
6941:
6936:
6935:
6934:
6929:
6924:
6914:
6909:
6904:
6899:
6894:
6889:
6884:
6874:
6869:
6863:
6857:
6851:
6850:
6847:
6846:
6844:
6843:
6838:
6833:
6828:
6823:
6818:
6813:
6808:
6807:
6806:
6801:
6790:
6784:
6778:
6777:
6774:
6773:
6771:
6770:
6764:
6758:
6753:
6747:
6745:
6741:
6740:
6738:
6737:
6732:
6726:
6724:
6720:
6719:
6717:
6716:
6715:
6714:
6709:
6699:
6697:Denazification
6694:
6689:
6684:
6679:
6674:
6669:
6664:
6659:
6654:
6649:
6644:
6639:
6634:
6629:
6624:
6619:
6614:
6608:
6606:
6602:
6601:
6599:
6598:
6593:
6588:
6583:
6578:
6573:
6568:
6562:
6560:
6556:
6555:
6553:
6552:
6547:
6542:
6537:
6532:
6527:
6522:
6517:
6512:
6507:
6502:
6497:
6492:
6486:
6484:
6480:
6479:
6477:
6476:
6471:
6469:Historiography
6466:
6461:
6455:
6453:
6446:
6440:
6439:
6428:
6427:
6420:
6413:
6405:
6399:
6398:
6391:at Wiktionary
6377:
6376:External links
6374:
6373:
6372:
6365:
6358:
6351:
6344:
6324:
6317:
6310:
6301:online edition
6291:
6288:
6286:
6285:
6272:
6259:
6250:
6229:"🇺🇸 Germany"
6220:
6189:
6178:on 6 June 2023
6159:
6147:
6138:
6117:
6105:
6093:
6067:
6053:
6033:
6007:
6000:
5982:
5973:
5966:
5948:
5933:
5920:
5887:
5865:
5851:
5834:
5813:
5789:
5764:
5755:|journal=
5723:
5710:
5681:
5639:
5637:
5634:
5631:
5630:
5613:
5603:'a foreigner,
5593:
5580:
5563:
5546:
5529:
5512:
5505:Proto-Germanic
5492:
5491:
5489:
5486:
5485:
5484:
5479:
5474:
5469:
5463:
5462:
5448:
5445:Germany portal
5432:
5429:
5428:
5427:
5424:
5417:
5415:
5412:
5405:
5403:
5400:
5393:
5391:
5388:
5381:
5379:
5376:
5369:
5363:Ostdeutschland
5320:
5319:
5270:
5268:
5261:
5255:
5252:
5196:
5193:
5166:pan germanique
5117:gave place to
5098:
5095:
5041:
5040:
4991:
4989:
4982:
4976:
4973:
4936:
4933:
4902:Reichsdeutsche
4877:
4876:
4827:
4825:
4818:
4812:
4809:
4768:Western Allies
4742:
4736:
4679:Landesminister
4675:Bundesminister
4620:
4619:
4570:
4568:
4561:
4545:
4542:
4492:
4489:
4400:Proto-Germanic
4354:
4351:
4314:Starting with
4291:
4288:
4260:
4259:Sign languages
4257:
4217:toich'willandŭ
4059:[ɗɨ́k]
3991:
3988:
3919:
3916:
3896:respectively.
3735:). Belarusian
3723:in Polish and
3679:
3673:
3560:
3554:
3491:almond furnace
3382:
3376:
3309:Eric Partridge
3135:(singular) or
3082:Main article:
3079:
3073:
2984:Iewelk düdesch
2980:Sachsenspiegel
2960:Sachsenspiegel
2732:Proto-Germanic
2700:
2694:
2692:
2689:
2688:
2687:
2675:
2665:
2649:
2635:
2623:
2603:
2577:
2556:
2539:Teutonic Order
2500:
2482:
2460:
2455:) – after the
2437:Medieval Greek
2432:
2429:
2427:
2426:
2417:
2408:
2399:
2390:
2380:
2376:
2375:Unclear origin
2373:
2371:
2370:
2356:
2347:
2337:
2327:
2316:
2314:
2308:
2306:
2305:
2289:
2280:
2271:
2260:
2251:
2242:
2226:
2217:
2197:
2188:
2179:
2170:
2161:
2152:
2136:
2127:
2110:
2106:
2097:
2095:
2094:
2085:
2076:
2067:
2065:Ssassitko temm
2058:
2049:
2040:
2030:
2028:
2021:
2019:
2018:
2006:
1997:
1988:
1974:
1958:
1952:
1943:
1934:
1925:
1909:
1899:
1890:
1881:
1872:
1863:
1847:
1831:
1822:
1813:
1807:
1798:
1789:
1780:
1771:
1762:
1753:
1744:
1735:
1726:
1712:
1710:
1703:
1701:
1700:
1684:
1675:
1661:
1647:
1638:
1629:
1620:
1611:
1601:
1592:
1583:
1574:
1565:
1552:
1543:
1534:
1524:
1514:
1505:
1489:
1478:
1468:
1459:
1450:
1441:
1424:
1404:
1395:
1385:
1375:
1366:
1360:
1354:
1345:
1336:
1327:
1318:
1308:
1294:
1285:
1269:
1253:
1237:
1228:
1214:
1208:Modern English
1205:
1189:
1179:
1169:
1153:
1139:
1130:
1120:
1118:
1107:
1105:
1104:
1088:
1079:
1061:
1047:
1038:
1032:Northern Sotho
1029:
1020:
1011:
1002:
992:Medieval Latin
989:
980:
967:
958:
951:Doichwillandeu
920:
911:
896:
887:
881:
872:
863:
854:
801:
791:
787:
777:
772:
769:
749:
748:
731:
707:
680:
678:Alamanni tribe
664:
629:
628:
626:
625:
618:
611:
603:
600:
599:
598:
597:
583:
566:
565:
560:
559:
556:
554:Modern history
550:
549:
546:
544:
543:
538:
532:
529:
528:
525:
523:
522:
509:
506:
505:
502:
496:
495:
494:1945–1949/1952
492:
490:
489:
480:
474:
469:
464:
463:
460:
459:
454:
453:
450:
444:
443:
440:
434:
433:
430:
424:
423:
420:
414:
413:
410:
402:
397:
396:
393:
392:
389:
388:
383:
378:
376:
375:
366:
360:
358:
353:
347:
342:
341:
338:
337:
334:
333:
328:
323:
317:
312:
311:
308:
307:
304:
303:
298:
293:
288:
282:
279:
278:
275:
274:
271:
270:
265:
260:
255:
250:
245:
240:
234:
231:
230:
227:
226:
223:
222:
176:
166:
161:
156:
151:
146:
141:
136:
134:Historiography
131:
125:
122:
121:
118:
117:
109:
108:
99:
98:
91:
79:
67:
61:
55:
41:
35:Proto-Germanic
29:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
8465:
8454:
8451:
8449:
8446:
8444:
8441:
8439:
8436:
8434:
8431:
8430:
8428:
8405:
8402:
8400:
8397:
8396:
8394:
8390:
8381:
8378:
8373:
8370:
8365:
8362:
8355:
8354:
8350:
8349:
8348:
8345:
8340:
8337:
8335:
8332:
8327:
8324:
8319:
8316:
8311:
8308:
8303:
8300:
8299:
8297:
8295:organizations
8293:
8287:
8279:
8276:
8274:
8271:
8269:
8266:
8264:
8261:
8260:
8259:
8256:
8255:
8253:
8251:
8246:
8240:
8237:
8235:
8232:
8228:
8225:
8224:
8223:
8220:
8219:
8217:
8215:By population
8213:
8207:
8204:
8202:
8199:
8195:
8192:
8191:
8190:
8187:
8186:
8184:
8180:
8172:
8169:
8167:
8164:
8162:
8159:
8158:
8157:
8154:
8152:
8149:
8145:
8142:
8140:
8137:
8135:
8132:
8131:
8130:
8127:
8123:
8122:South America
8120:
8116:
8113:
8112:
8111:
8110:North America
8108:
8107:
8106:
8103:
8101:
8098:
8097:
8095:
8093:and subregion
8089:
8085:
8078:
8074:
8060:
8057:
8053:
8050:
8048:
8045:
8043:
8040:
8038:
8035:
8033:
8030:
8028:
8025:
8023:
8020:
8018:
8015:
8013:
8010:
8008:
8005:
8003:
8000:
7998:
7995:
7993:
7990:
7988:
7985:
7983:
7980:
7978:
7975:
7973:
7970:
7969:
7968:
7965:
7963:
7960:
7959:
7957:
7955:
7951:
7945:
7942:
7940:
7937:
7935:
7932:
7930:
7927:
7925:
7922:
7920:
7917:
7915:
7912:
7910:
7907:
7905:
7902:
7900:
7897:
7895:
7892:
7890:
7887:
7885:
7882:
7880:
7877:
7875:
7872:
7870:
7867:
7866:
7864:
7860:
7856:
7849:
7845:
7840:
7836:
7829:
7824:
7822:
7817:
7815:
7810:
7809:
7806:
7794:
7791:
7789:
7786:
7784:
7781:
7779:
7776:
7774:
7771:
7769:
7768:Faroe Islands
7766:
7764:
7761:
7760:
7758:
7752:
7746:
7743:
7741:
7740:South Ossetia
7738:
7736:
7733:
7731:
7728:
7726:
7723:
7722:
7720:
7714:
7708:
7705:
7703:
7700:
7698:
7695:
7693:
7690:
7688:
7685:
7683:
7680:
7678:
7675:
7673:
7670:
7668:
7665:
7663:
7660:
7658:
7655:
7653:
7650:
7648:
7645:
7643:
7640:
7638:
7635:
7633:
7630:
7628:
7625:
7623:
7620:
7618:
7615:
7613:
7610:
7608:
7605:
7603:
7600:
7598:
7595:
7593:
7592:Liechtenstein
7590:
7588:
7585:
7583:
7580:
7578:
7575:
7573:
7571:
7568:
7566:
7563:
7561:
7558:
7556:
7553:
7551:
7548:
7546:
7543:
7541:
7538:
7536:
7533:
7531:
7528:
7526:
7523:
7521:
7518:
7516:
7513:
7511:
7508:
7506:
7503:
7501:
7498:
7496:
7493:
7491:
7488:
7486:
7483:
7481:
7478:
7476:
7473:
7471:
7468:
7466:
7463:
7462:
7460:
7456:
7447:
7442:
7440:
7435:
7433:
7428:
7427:
7424:
7412:
7409:
7407:
7404:
7403:
7398:
7394:
7391:
7387:
7384:
7380:
7379:
7375:
7365:
7362:
7360:
7357:
7355:
7352:
7350:
7347:
7345:
7342:
7340:
7337:
7335:
7332:
7330:
7327:
7325:
7322:
7320:
7317:
7315:
7312:
7310:
7307:
7305:
7302:
7300:
7297:
7295:
7292:
7290:
7287:
7285:
7282:
7279:
7277:
7274:
7272:
7269:
7267:
7264:
7262:
7259:
7257:
7254:
7252:
7249:
7247:
7244:
7243:
7241:
7239:
7235:
7229:
7226:
7224:
7223:Social issues
7221:
7219:
7216:
7214:
7211:
7209:
7206:
7204:
7201:
7199:
7196:
7194:
7191:
7189:
7186:
7184:
7181:
7179:
7176:
7174:
7171:
7169:
7166:
7164:
7161:
7157:
7154:
7152:
7151:Ethnic groups
7149:
7148:
7147:
7144:
7142:
7139:
7137:
7134:
7132:
7129:
7127:
7124:
7122:
7119:
7118:
7115:
7112:
7110:
7106:
7096:
7093:
7091:
7088:
7086:
7083:
7081:
7078:
7076:
7073:
7071:
7068:
7066:
7063:
7061:
7058:
7056:
7053:
7051:
7049:
7045:
7043:
7040:
7038:
7035:
7033:
7030:
7028:
7025:
7023:
7020:
7018:
7015:
7011:
7008:
7007:
7006:
7003:
7001:
6998:
6996:
6993:
6992:
6989:
6986:
6984:
6980:
6970:
6967:
6965:
6962:
6960:
6957:
6955:
6952:
6950:
6947:
6945:
6942:
6940:
6937:
6933:
6930:
6928:
6925:
6923:
6920:
6919:
6918:
6915:
6913:
6910:
6908:
6905:
6903:
6900:
6898:
6895:
6893:
6890:
6888:
6885:
6883:
6879:
6875:
6873:
6870:
6868:
6865:
6864:
6861:
6858:
6856:
6852:
6842:
6839:
6837:
6834:
6832:
6829:
6827:
6824:
6822:
6819:
6817:
6814:
6812:
6809:
6805:
6802:
6800:
6797:
6796:
6795:
6792:
6791:
6788:
6785:
6783:
6779:
6768:
6765:
6762:
6759:
6757:
6754:
6752:
6749:
6748:
6746:
6742:
6736:
6733:
6731:
6730:Reunification
6728:
6727:
6725:
6721:
6713:
6710:
6708:
6705:
6704:
6703:
6700:
6698:
6695:
6693:
6690:
6688:
6685:
6683:
6680:
6678:
6675:
6673:
6670:
6668:
6665:
6663:
6660:
6658:
6655:
6653:
6652:German Empire
6650:
6648:
6645:
6643:
6640:
6638:
6635:
6633:
6630:
6628:
6625:
6623:
6620:
6618:
6615:
6613:
6610:
6609:
6607:
6603:
6597:
6594:
6592:
6589:
6587:
6584:
6582:
6579:
6577:
6574:
6572:
6569:
6567:
6564:
6563:
6561:
6557:
6551:
6548:
6546:
6543:
6541:
6538:
6536:
6533:
6531:
6528:
6526:
6523:
6521:
6518:
6516:
6513:
6511:
6508:
6506:
6503:
6501:
6498:
6496:
6493:
6491:
6488:
6487:
6485:
6481:
6475:
6472:
6470:
6467:
6465:
6462:
6460:
6457:
6456:
6454:
6450:
6447:
6441:
6437:
6433:
6426:
6421:
6419:
6414:
6412:
6407:
6406:
6403:
6397:
6394:
6393:
6392:
6390:
6389:
6383:
6370:
6366:
6363:
6359:
6357:(1979), 833pp
6356:
6352:
6349:
6345:
6342:
6338:
6335:
6334:
6329:
6325:
6322:
6318:
6315:
6311:
6309:
6305:
6302:
6298:
6294:
6293:
6282:
6276:
6269:
6263:
6254:
6238:
6234:
6230:
6224:
6208:
6204:
6200:
6193:
6177:
6173:
6169:
6163:
6157:, 5th edition
6156:
6151:
6142:
6133:
6132:
6127:
6121:
6115:
6109:
6103:
6097:
6081:
6077:
6071:
6063:
6057:
6049:
6048:
6040:
6038:
6029:
6025:
6024:
6016:
6014:
6012:
6003:
6001:3-11-013749-6
5997:
5993:
5986:
5977:
5969:
5967:0-520-08511-6
5963:
5959:
5952:
5945:
5944:
5937:
5923:
5917:
5913:
5909:
5905:
5901:
5894:
5892:
5884:
5880:
5879:
5874:
5869:
5861:
5855:
5848:
5847:0-9761082-9-1
5844:
5838:
5831:
5830:9780030777455
5827:
5823:
5817:
5810:
5806:
5802:
5799:
5793:
5778:
5774:
5768:
5760:
5747:
5739:
5732:
5730:
5728:
5720:
5714:
5698:
5691:
5685:
5677:
5671:
5656:
5655:
5647:
5645:
5640:
5627:
5623:
5617:
5610:
5606:
5602:
5597:
5590:
5584:
5577:
5573:
5567:
5560:
5556:
5550:
5543:
5539:
5533:
5526:
5523:is "немски" (
5522:
5516:
5509:
5506:
5502:
5497:
5493:
5483:
5480:
5478:
5475:
5473:
5470:
5468:
5465:
5464:
5460:
5449:
5446:
5435:
5421:
5416:
5409:
5404:
5397:
5392:
5385:
5380:
5373:
5368:
5367:
5366:
5364:
5360:
5357:). The terms
5356:
5351:
5349:
5345:
5341:
5337:
5333:
5329:
5328:
5316:
5313:
5305:
5302:December 2020
5295:
5291:
5287:
5281:
5280:
5276:
5271:This section
5269:
5265:
5260:
5259:
5251:
5249:
5245:
5241:
5237:
5233:
5229:
5225:
5221:
5217:
5213:
5206:
5201:
5192:
5190:
5186:
5182:
5178:
5174:
5169:
5167:
5163:
5159:
5155:
5150:
5148:
5144:
5140:
5136:
5135:bundesdeutsch
5132:
5131:reichsdeutsch
5128:
5127:Bundeskanzler
5124:
5123:Reichskanzler
5120:
5116:
5112:
5103:
5094:
5092:
5088:
5084:
5079:
5077:
5073:
5064:
5060:
5059:Deutsche Post
5055:
5047:
5037:
5034:
5026:
5023:December 2020
5016:
5012:
5008:
5002:
5001:
4997:
4992:This section
4990:
4986:
4981:
4980:
4972:
4970:
4966:
4962:
4958:
4957:Zweites Reich
4954:
4953:Drittes Reich
4950:
4946:
4942:
4941:Drittes Reich
4932:
4930:
4926:
4922:
4918:
4913:
4911:
4907:
4906:Volksdeutsche
4903:
4898:
4896:
4892:
4888:
4884:
4873:
4870:
4862:
4859:December 2020
4852:
4848:
4844:
4838:
4837:
4833:
4828:This section
4826:
4822:
4817:
4816:
4808:
4807:(old Reich).
4806:
4805:
4800:
4799:
4794:
4793:
4787:
4785:
4781:
4777:
4775:
4769:
4765:
4760:
4758:
4754:
4753:
4748:
4741:
4735:
4733:
4732:
4727:
4723:
4718:
4716:
4712:
4711:Bundestrainer
4708:
4705:
4701:
4697:
4693:
4689:
4687:
4682:
4680:
4676:
4672:
4668:
4662:
4660:
4656:
4652:
4648:
4647:
4642:
4641:
4636:
4632:
4627:
4616:
4613:
4605:
4602:December 2020
4595:
4591:
4587:
4581:
4580:
4576:
4571:This section
4569:
4565:
4560:
4559:
4555:
4551:
4541:
4539:
4533:
4531:
4527:
4526:
4521:
4516:
4514:
4510:
4506:
4502:
4499:, forced the
4498:
4488:
4486:
4482:
4478:
4474:
4470:
4466:
4462:
4458:
4455:
4451:
4447:
4443:
4439:
4438:Late Medieval
4434:
4432:
4428:
4424:
4420:
4416:
4412:
4411:thiota, diota
4409:
4405:
4401:
4397:
4393:
4389:
4384:
4382:
4378:
4374:
4370:
4364:
4360:
4350:
4348:
4344:
4340:
4336:
4331:
4329:
4325:
4321:
4317:
4312:
4310:
4306:
4302:
4298:
4287:
4285:
4281:
4277:
4276:
4271:
4266:
4256:
4248:
4238:
4234:
4229:
4218:
4213:
4211:
4206:
4195:
4194:Doichillanteu
4191:
4187:
4183:
4173:
4169:
4164:
4162:
4150:
4146:
4140:
4121:
4115:
4109:
4094:
4089:
4088:
4082:
4076:
4069:
4060:
4056:
4052:
4048:
4047:
4041:
4039:
4030:
4025:
4020:
4014:
4010:
4004:
3999:
3995:
3987:
3985:
3981:
3977:
3973:
3969:
3965:
3961:
3957:
3953:
3949:
3945:
3941:
3937:
3933:
3929:
3925:
3915:
3913:
3909:
3905:
3901:
3897:
3895:
3891:
3887:
3883:
3879:
3875:
3871:
3867:
3863:
3858:
3856:
3852:
3848:
3844:
3843:Uriyangkhadai
3840:
3836:
3835:
3829:
3827:
3823:
3819:
3814:
3812:
3808:
3804:
3800:
3796:
3791:
3789:
3785:
3781:
3777:
3774:mentioned by
3773:
3769:
3764:
3762:
3758:
3754:
3744:
3734:
3730:
3726:
3722:
3718:
3713:
3711:
3707:
3703:
3699:
3696:
3693:derives from
3692:
3688:
3685:
3678:
3672:
3670:
3666:
3662:
3658:
3653:
3651:
3647:
3643:
3639:
3635:
3631:
3627:
3623:
3619:
3615:
3614:
3609:
3605:
3601:
3596:
3594:
3590:
3586:
3582:
3578:
3574:
3570:
3566:
3559:
3553:
3551:
3547:
3543:
3539:
3535:
3532:) and ᒣᐦᔭᑴᑦ (
3531:
3527:
3523:
3519:
3516:, originally
3515:
3511:
3506:
3504:
3500:
3496:
3492:
3488:
3484:
3478:
3476:
3470:
3468:
3464:
3463:Andrew Boorde
3459:
3457:
3453:
3447:
3445:
3441:
3437:
3428:
3423:
3419:
3417:
3413:
3409:
3405:
3401:
3398:
3394:
3388:
3381:
3375:
3373:
3369:
3365:
3361:
3360:cousin-german
3357:
3353:
3349:
3345:
3344:
3339:
3335:
3334:
3328:
3326:
3322:
3318:
3314:
3310:
3306:
3302:
3298:
3294:
3290:
3287:
3283:
3279:
3275:
3271:
3270:
3264:
3262:
3258:
3254:
3250:
3246:
3242:
3238:
3234:
3229:
3227:
3224:
3220:
3216:
3212:
3208:
3204:
3200:
3196:
3192:
3191:
3186:
3182:
3178:
3174:
3170:
3166:
3162:
3158:
3157:
3152:
3148:
3144:
3143:Julius Caesar
3140:
3138:
3134:
3130:
3126:
3122:
3121:
3116:
3115:
3111:
3107:
3100:
3096:
3091:
3085:
3078:
3072:
3070:
3066:
3062:
3058:
3054:
3050:
3045:
3043:
3039:
3035:
3032:(land of the
3031:
3027:
3023:
3019:
3014:
3012:
3008:
3005:, the son of
3004:
3000:
2996:
2992:
2988:
2985:
2981:
2977:
2973:
2969:
2961:
2956:
2952:
2950:
2947:
2943:
2939:
2935:
2931:
2927:
2923:
2919:
2918:
2913:
2909:
2905:
2901:
2897:
2893:
2892:West Frankish
2889:
2884:
2882:
2878:
2874:
2870:
2866:
2862:
2858:
2854:
2853:Tera tudestga
2850:
2849:Tearatudestga
2846:
2845:Tiaratudestga
2842:
2838:
2834:
2830:
2826:
2822:
2818:
2814:
2810:
2806:
2802:
2797:
2795:
2792:
2788:
2785:
2781:
2777:
2773:
2769:
2765:
2761:
2758:
2754:
2751:
2747:
2743:
2740:
2736:
2733:
2729:
2728:
2724:
2720:
2711:
2706:
2699:
2686:
2685:
2680:
2676:
2673:
2669:
2666:
2664:
2661:
2657:
2653:
2650:
2647:
2646:mâyakwêsinâhk
2643:
2639:
2636:
2632:
2627:
2624:
2621:
2620:
2613:
2607:
2604:
2601:
2597:
2593:
2589:
2585:
2581:
2578:
2575:
2572:
2568:
2564:
2560:
2557:
2554:
2553:
2548:
2544:
2540:
2536:
2532:
2528:
2524:
2520:
2516:
2512:
2508:
2504:
2501:
2498:
2494:
2490:
2486:
2485:Lower Sorbian
2483:
2480:
2476:
2472:
2464:
2461:
2458:
2454:
2450:
2446:
2442:
2438:
2435:
2434:
2425:
2421:
2418:
2416:
2412:
2409:
2407:
2403:
2400:
2398:
2394:
2391:
2389:
2385:
2382:
2381:
2379:
2368:
2364:
2360:
2357:
2355:
2351:
2348:
2346:
2342:
2338:
2336:
2332:
2331:Luxembourgish
2328:
2325:
2321:
2318:
2317:
2313:
2303:
2293:
2290:
2288:
2284:
2283:Upper Sorbian
2281:
2279:
2275:
2274:Lower Sorbian
2272:
2269:
2264:
2261:
2259:
2255:
2252:
2250:
2246:
2243:
2240:
2230:
2227:
2225:
2221:
2218:
2215:
2211:
2201:
2198:
2196:
2192:
2189:
2187:
2183:
2180:
2178:
2174:
2171:
2169:
2165:
2162:
2160:
2156:
2153:
2150:
2140:
2137:
2135:
2131:
2128:
2125:
2115:
2112:
2111:
2109:
2105:
2102:
2093:
2089:
2086:
2084:
2080:
2077:
2075:
2071:
2068:
2066:
2062:
2059:
2057:
2053:
2050:
2048:
2044:
2041:
2039:
2035:
2032:
2031:
2026:
2014:
2010:
2007:
2005:
2001:
1998:
1996:
1992:
1989:
1987:
1978:
1975:
1972:
1962:
1959:
1957:
1953:
1951:
1947:
1944:
1942:
1938:
1935:
1933:
1929:
1926:
1923:
1913:
1910:
1907:
1903:
1900:
1898:
1894:
1891:
1889:
1885:
1882:
1880:
1876:
1873:
1871:
1867:
1864:
1861:
1851:
1848:
1845:
1835:
1832:
1830:
1826:
1823:
1821:
1817:
1814:
1812:
1808:
1806:
1802:
1799:
1797:
1793:
1790:
1788:
1784:
1781:
1779:
1775:
1772:
1770:
1766:
1763:
1761:
1757:
1754:
1752:
1748:
1745:
1743:
1739:
1736:
1734:
1730:
1727:
1724:
1714:
1713:
1708:
1698:
1688:
1685:
1683:
1679:
1676:
1674:) (adjective)
1673:
1669:
1668:yəə-rá-má-nii
1665:
1662:
1659:
1655:
1651:
1648:
1646:
1642:
1639:
1637:
1633:
1630:
1628:
1624:
1621:
1619:
1615:
1612:
1609:
1605:
1602:
1600:
1596:
1593:
1591:
1590:A' Ghearmailt
1587:
1584:
1582:
1578:
1575:
1573:
1569:
1566:
1563:
1553:
1551:
1547:
1544:
1542:
1538:
1535:
1532:
1528:
1525:
1522:
1518:
1515:
1513:
1509:
1506:
1503:
1493:
1490:
1487:
1482:
1479:
1476:
1472:
1469:
1467:
1463:
1460:
1458:
1454:
1451:
1449:
1445:
1442:
1440:
1436:
1432:
1428:
1425:
1422:
1420:
1408:
1405:
1403:
1399:
1396:
1393:
1389:
1386:
1383:
1379:
1376:
1374:
1370:
1367:
1365:
1361:
1359:
1355:
1353:
1349:
1346:
1344:
1340:
1337:
1335:
1331:
1328:
1326:
1322:
1319:
1316:
1312:
1309:
1306:
1298:
1297:Modern Hebrew
1295:
1293:
1289:
1286:
1283:
1273:
1270:
1267:
1257:
1254:
1251:
1241:
1238:
1236:
1232:
1229:
1226:
1222:
1218:
1215:
1213:
1209:
1206:
1203:
1193:
1190:
1187:
1183:
1180:
1177:
1173:
1170:
1167:
1157:
1154:
1151:
1147:
1143:
1140:
1138:
1134:
1131:
1129:
1125:
1122:
1121:
1117:
1116:
1112:
1102:
1092:
1089:
1087:
1083:
1080:
1073:
1071:
1065:
1062:
1059:
1055:
1051:
1048:
1046:
1042:
1039:
1037:
1033:
1030:
1028:
1024:
1023:Northern Sami
1021:
1019:
1015:
1012:
1010:
1006:
1003:
1001:
997:
993:
990:
988:
984:
983:Luxembourgish
981:
979:
975:
971:
968:
966:
962:
959:
956:
952:
946:
940:
936:
930:
924:
921:
919:
915:
912:
909:
903:
897:
895:
891:
888:
886:
882:
880:
876:
873:
871:
867:
864:
862:
858:
855:
846:
842:
836:
830:
824:
818:
814:
808:
802:
800:
796:
793:
792:
790:
785:
782:
776:
768:
766:
762:
758:
753:
746:
741:
736:
732:
729:
725:
722:
717:
712:
708:
705:
699:
695:
690:
685:
681:
679:
674:
669:
665:
662:
658:
653:
648:
644:
640:
639:
638:
636:
624:
619:
617:
612:
610:
605:
604:
602:
601:
595:
584:
581:
570:
569:
568:
567:
557:
555:
552:
551:
547:
542:
539:
537:
536:Reunification
534:
533:
531:
530:
526:
521:
518:
514:
511:
510:
508:
507:
503:
501:
498:
497:
493:
487:
486:
481:
479:
476:
475:
473:
472:
467:
462:
461:
451:
449:
446:
445:
441:
439:
436:
435:
431:
429:
426:
425:
421:
419:
416:
415:
411:
409:
408:German Empire
406:
405:
400:
395:
394:
387:
384:
382:
379:
373:
372:
367:
365:
362:
361:
359:
357:
354:
352:
351:Mediatisation
349:
348:
345:
340:
339:
332:
329:
327:
324:
322:
319:
318:
315:
310:
309:
302:
299:
297:
294:
292:
289:
287:
284:
283:
277:
276:
269:
266:
264:
261:
259:
256:
254:
251:
249:
246:
244:
241:
239:
236:
235:
232:Early history
229:
228:
220:
216:
212:
208:
204:
200:
196:
192:
188:
184:
180:
177:
174:
170:
167:
165:
162:
160:
157:
155:
152:
150:
147:
145:
142:
140:
137:
135:
132:
130:
127:
126:
120:
119:
115:
111:
110:
107:
101:
100:
95:
90:
89:
77:
74:
52:
48:
39:
36:
26:
21:
16:
8357:(Portuguese)
8351:
8339:Francophonie
8292:geopolitical
8091:By continent
8001:
7745:Transnistria
7549:
7397:Bibliography
7338:
7271:Coat of arms
7251:Architecture
7228:Trade unions
7208:Prostitution
7168:Homelessness
7131:Demographics
7080:Trade unions
7047:
7037:German model
7010:Central bank
6954:Conservatism
6917:Human rights
6902:Court system
6897:Constitution
6877:
6723:Contemporary
6712:West Germany
6707:East Germany
6682:World War II
6677:Nazi Germany
6617:18th-century
6576:East Francia
6530:Cimbrian War
6387:
6379:
6368:
6361:
6354:
6347:
6332:
6327:
6320:
6316:(2 vol 1998)
6313:
6296:
6280:
6275:
6267:
6262:
6253:
6241:. Retrieved
6237:the original
6232:
6223:
6211:. Retrieved
6207:the original
6202:
6192:
6180:. Retrieved
6176:the original
6171:
6162:
6150:
6141:
6130:
6120:
6108:
6096:
6084:. Retrieved
6080:the original
6070:
6056:
6046:
6022:
5991:
5985:
5976:
5957:
5951:
5941:
5936:
5925:, retrieved
5903:
5883:Lower Saxony
5876:
5868:
5854:
5837:
5821:
5816:
5800:
5797:
5792:
5780:. Retrieved
5776:
5767:
5746:cite journal
5713:
5701:. Retrieved
5696:
5684:
5659:, retrieved
5653:
5616:
5604:
5600:
5596:
5583:
5575:
5566:
5558:
5554:
5549:
5541:
5532:
5524:
5515:
5507:
5500:
5496:
5362:
5358:
5354:
5352:
5325:
5324:In 1990 the
5323:
5308:
5299:
5284:Please help
5272:
5247:
5243:
5239:
5235:
5231:
5227:
5223:
5220:good Germans
5219:
5211:
5209:
5204:
5188:
5184:
5180:
5176:
5172:
5170:
5165:
5161:
5157:
5153:
5151:
5147:Bundesbürger
5146:
5142:
5139:Reichsbürger
5138:
5134:
5130:
5126:
5122:
5118:
5114:
5110:
5108:
5090:
5086:
5082:
5081:After 1945,
5080:
5075:
5071:
5068:
5062:
5058:
5029:
5020:
5005:Please help
4993:
4968:
4964:
4961:Nazi Germany
4960:
4956:
4952:
4948:
4940:
4938:
4935:Nazi Germany
4928:
4924:
4916:
4914:
4909:
4905:
4901:
4899:
4894:
4890:
4886:
4882:
4880:
4865:
4856:
4841:Please help
4829:
4802:
4796:
4795:. After the
4790:
4788:
4783:
4771:
4763:
4761:
4756:
4750:
4744:
4739:
4729:
4725:
4721:
4719:
4714:
4710:
4709:. (The word
4706:
4699:
4695:
4691:
4690:
4685:
4683:
4678:
4674:
4670:
4666:
4663:
4658:
4654:
4644:
4638:
4634:
4630:
4625:
4623:
4608:
4599:
4584:Please help
4572:
4534:
4529:
4523:
4517:
4494:
4460:
4456:
4449:
4445:
4435:
4426:
4418:
4414:
4410:
4403:
4395:
4391:
4387:
4385:
4380:
4376:
4368:
4366:
4346:
4342:
4338:
4334:
4332:
4327:
4323:
4313:
4305:nation-state
4300:
4296:
4293:
4283:
4273:
4262:
4246:
4236:
4232:
4216:
4214:
4209:
4193:
4189:
4185:
4181:
4171:
4166:The (South)
4165:
4160:
4144:
4080:
4070:
4054:
4044:
4042:
4037:
4028:
4016:
4006:
4000:
3996:
3993:
3984:Old Prussian
3979:
3975:
3971:
3963:
3951:
3947:
3935:
3931:
3921:
3907:
3898:
3893:
3889:
3885:
3881:
3877:
3869:
3865:
3859:
3854:
3832:
3830:
3825:
3821:
3817:
3815:
3813:(Германия).
3810:
3806:
3798:
3794:
3792:
3787:
3783:
3767:
3765:
3760:
3756:
3752:
3742:
3732:
3728:
3724:
3720:
3716:
3714:
3709:
3705:
3701:
3697:
3695:Proto-Slavic
3690:
3686:
3681:
3676:
3661:Transylvania
3654:
3634:Sais, Saeson
3633:
3626:Sows, Sowson
3625:
3618:Saoz, Saozon
3617:
3611:
3597:
3576:
3568:
3564:
3562:
3557:
3549:
3548:), of which
3545:
3537:
3533:
3529:
3525:
3521:
3517:
3513:
3507:
3503:Upper German
3494:
3487:Almain rivet
3480:
3474:
3472:
3466:
3461:
3455:
3451:
3449:
3432:
3392:
3390:
3379:
3371:
3367:
3363:
3355:
3347:
3341:
3337:
3331:
3329:
3324:
3320:
3316:
3312:
3304:
3292:
3288:
3282:Johann Zeuss
3277:
3273:
3267:
3265:
3252:
3247:of northern
3230:
3225:
3214:
3206:
3203:Roman Empire
3201:outside the
3194:
3188:
3183:. In AD 98,
3154:
3146:
3141:
3136:
3132:
3128:
3118:
3112:
3105:
3103:
3076:
3068:
3052:
3046:
3041:
3037:
3029:
3015:
3010:
2986:
2983:
2975:
2971:
2965:
2948:
2941:
2937:
2933:
2930:vulgar Latin
2925:
2921:
2915:
2887:
2885:
2880:
2879:and Spanish
2876:
2872:
2868:
2864:
2860:
2856:
2852:
2848:
2844:
2828:
2820:
2812:
2808:
2804:
2800:
2798:
2793:
2786:
2771:
2759:
2752:
2741:
2734:
2725:
2718:
2716:
2697:
2682:
2681:from German
2678:
2671:
2662:
2660:Old Prussian
2655:
2645:
2641:
2617:
2599:
2595:
2591:
2583:
2566:
2565:– literally
2562:
2550:
2546:
2542:
2534:
2530:
2526:
2514:
2506:
2492:
2488:
2452:
2448:
2444:
2440:
2423:
2414:
2405:
2396:
2387:
2378:
2369:, see above)
2366:
2362:
2353:
2344:
2334:
2323:
2301:
2286:
2277:
2257:
2248:
2238:
2223:
2209:
2194:
2185:
2176:
2167:
2158:
2148:
2133:
2123:
2108:
2103:
2091:
2082:
2073:
2064:
2055:
2046:
2012:
2003:
1994:
1985:
1970:
1955:
1949:
1940:
1931:
1921:
1905:
1896:
1887:
1878:
1869:
1859:
1843:
1828:
1819:
1810:
1804:
1795:
1786:
1783:Extremaduran
1777:
1768:
1759:
1750:
1741:
1732:
1722:
1696:
1681:
1671:
1670:), เยอรมัน (
1667:
1657:
1656:), ஜெர்மனி (
1653:
1644:
1635:
1626:
1617:
1607:
1598:
1589:
1580:
1571:
1561:
1549:
1540:
1530:
1520:
1511:
1501:
1474:
1465:
1456:
1447:
1438:
1416:
1401:
1391:
1390:: ເຢຍລະມັນ (
1381:
1372:
1363:
1358:An Ghearmáin
1357:
1351:
1342:
1333:
1324:
1314:
1304:
1291:
1281:
1265:
1249:
1234:
1224:
1220:
1211:
1201:
1185:
1184:: Германия (
1175:
1174:: জার্মানি (
1165:
1149:
1145:
1136:
1127:
1113:
1100:
1085:
1082:West Frisian
1067:
1058:idaichulandu
1057:
1044:
1035:
1026:
1017:
1008:
999:
995:
986:
977:
973:
972:/Low Saxon:
964:
954:
950:
934:
917:
907:
893:
884:
878:
869:
860:
847:; "Dé" from
844:
819:), commonly
816:
798:
789:
783:
774:
757:etymological
754:
750:
723:
721:Proto-Slavic
632:
448:World War II
438:Nazi Germany
399:German Reich
326:18th century
321:Sectionalism
286:East Francia
75:
73:Proto-Slavic
37:
15:
8326:Latin Union
8302:Arab League
7783:Isle of Man
7718:recognition
7692:Switzerland
7627:Netherlands
7198:Pornography
7173:Immigration
7136:Drug policy
7048:Mittelstand
6995:Agriculture
6959:Nationalism
6932:Transgender
6816:Earthquakes
6763:, 1583-1588
6761:Cologne War
6657:World War I
6559:Middle Ages
6545:Gothic Wars
5699:. p. 5
5624:tribe or a
5344:West Berlin
5340:West Berlin
5336:East Berlin
5125:became the
5061:instead of
4945:Third Reich
4895:Deutschland
4700:Landesebene
4696:Bundesebene
4481:Charlemagne
4408:High German
4392:Deutschland
4390:(living in
4343:Altes Reich
4316:Charlemagne
4284:Pickelhaube
4275:Pickelhaube
4268:sign is an
4233:Deutschland
4210:Deutschland
4147:) meaning '
4040:'country'.
3952:Oju-/Ojamaa
3950:and eston.
3818:Németország
3743:Niamieččyna
3682:The Slavic
3675:Names from
3659:arrived to
3650:Anglo-Saxon
3556:Names from
3495:Alemannisch
3469:, c. 1547:
3440:Shakespeare
3416:Switzerland
3410:, parts of
3378:Names from
3301:fairy tales
3297:Jacob Grimm
3245:ethnography
3075:Names from
3042:Deutschland
3038:Teutschland
2904:Middle Ages
2739:Old English
2719:Deutschland
2696:Names from
2638:Plains Cree
2580:Kinyarwanda
2467:אַשְׁכְּנַז
2431:Other forms
2191:Montenegrin
2177:Németország
2124:Njamjéččyna
2101:Protoslavic
2070:Tornedalian
1928:Piedmontese
1860:ʾaalləɨmɑng
1738:Azerbaijani
1666:: เยอรมนี (
1652:: செருமனி (
1606:: ජර්මනිය (
1481:Marshallese
1448:Yn Ghermaan
1348:Interlingua
1009:Teutōtitlan
987:Däitschland
974:Düütschland
955:North Korea
914:Kinyarwanda
885:Deutschland
765:bureaucracy
745:Saxon tribe
719:, from the
692:, from the
655:, from the
652:Deutschland
418:World War I
344:Unification
280:Middle Ages
215:Württemberg
195:Family tree
103:History of
8427:Categories
8364:Hispanidad
8182:By country
8166:Micronesia
8139:South Asia
7924:Portuguese
7904:Hindustani
7662:San Marino
7622:Montenegro
7602:Luxembourg
7582:Kazakhstan
7485:Azerbaijan
7359:Television
7344:Philosophy
7319:Literature
7178:Irreligion
7163:Healthcare
7126:Corruption
6892:Chancellor
6881:(military)
6878:Bundeswehr
6114:Latin text
6102:Latin text
6086:4 February
5777:Etymonline
5636:References
5508:*Þeudiskaz
5236:Sowjetzone
5177:Sowjetzone
5162:all German
5072:Westberlin
4454:Old French
4363:Theodiscus
4108:simplified
3966:) and the
3930:the names
3928:Lithuanian
3874:Al Andalus
3855:Nie-mi-sz'
3841:commander
3753:Nimecchyna
3563:The names
3524:), ᑌᐦᒋᒪᓐ (
3356:germanique
3249:barbarians
3139:(plural).
3057:Maastricht
2917:theodiscus
2873:théotisque
2780:Lithuanian
2735:*Þeudiskaz
2705:Theodiscus
2420:Samogitian
2411:Lithuanian
2384:Kursenieki
2320:Limburgish
2114:Belarusian
1937:Portuguese
1855:អាល្លឺម៉ង់
1672:yəə-rá-man
1519:: जर्मनी (
1473:: जर्मनी (
1435:Indonesian
1407:Macedonian
1392:yīa la man
1380:: ಜರ್ಮನಿ (
1339:Indonesian
1311:Hindustani
1101:daytshland
1096:דײַטשלאַנד
1064:Vietnamese
978:Duutslaand
970:Low German
898:Japanese:
786:or similar
761:geographic
670:exonym is
558:since 1990
541:New states
485:Ostgebiete
478:Occupation
371:Zollverein
219:Mediatised
129:Chronology
38:*Þeudiskaz
18:See also:
8367:(Spanish)
8321:(English)
8171:Polynesia
8161:Melanesia
8134:East Asia
8115:Caribbean
8081:Languages
8047:Sri Lanka
8042:Singapore
8017:Indonesia
7852:Countries
7839:languages
7835:Countries
7773:Gibraltar
7597:Lithuania
7314:Libraries
7294:Festivals
7141:Education
7085:Transport
7050:companies
6969:President
6907:Elections
6872:Bundesrat
6867:Bundestag
6836:Mountains
6804:Districts
6782:Geography
6515:Visigoths
6452:Overviews
6243:6 October
6213:6 October
6199:"Germany"
6182:6 October
6136:, p. 322.
5927:5 January
5782:21 August
5576:nemetskiy
5273:does not
5145:) became
4994:does not
4830:does not
4798:Anschluss
4774:Anschluss
4731:Bundesrat
4717:itself.)
4646:Bundesrat
4640:Reichstag
4573:does not
4491:1800–1871
4469:Alemannia
4457:alemaigne
4404:theudisk-
4122:spelling
3936:Vokietija
3886:Allemania
3811:Germaniya
3803:Bulgarian
3799:Germaniya
3795:nemetskiy
3748:Німеччина
3738:Нямеччына
3665:Rhineland
3646:Middlesex
3640:, Essex,
3613:Sassenach
3522:Allemagne
3518:Aalimaanh
3483:Allemande
3429:is spoken
3393:Allemagne
3391:The name
3311:suggests
3286:Old Irish
3276:: one is
3104:The name
2932:and some
2837:Sutsilvan
2833:Sursilvan
2827:language
2791:Old Irish
2717:The name
2663:miksiskai
2619:Stahlhelm
2596:guten Tag
2567:south way
2559:Old Norse
2535:crusaders
2531:krzyżowcy
2519:colonists
2473:, son of
2445:frangikós
2424:Vuokītėjė
2415:Vokietija
2393:Latgalian
2339:informal
2329:informal
2302:Niméččyna
2297:Німеччина
2292:Ukrainian
2216:countries
2186:Miemieckô
2182:Kashubian
2173:Hungarian
2139:Bulgarian
2119:Нямеччына
2099:From the
2092:S'aksamaa
2013:Yr Almaen
1954:Spanish:
1884:Mirandese
1879:Alemannia
1811:Allemagne
1805:Alemagnes
1636:Ujerumani
1623:Sundanese
1608:jarmaniya
1577:Sardinian
1562:Germánija
1554:Russian:
1546:Rumantsch
1529:: ਜਰਮਨੀ (
1492:Mongolian
1431:Malaysian
1419:Germanija
1412:Германија
1373:Kelemania
1362:Italian:
1332:: جارمنی/
1303: (
1235:Gjermanie
1225:Germanujo
1217:Esperanto
1186:Germánija
1182:Bulgarian
1137:Gjermania
1128:Jeureuman
1109:From the
1014:Norwegian
894:Þýskaland
890:Icelandic
870:Duitsland
803:Chinese:
799:Duitsland
795:Afrikaans
673:Allemagne
645:language
527:1949–1990
504:1944–1950
452:1939–1945
442:1933–1945
432:1918–1933
422:1914–1918
412:1871–1918
187:Empresses
8392:See also
8342:(French)
8305:(Arabic)
8105:Americas
7992:Cambodia
7929:Romanian
7793:Svalbard
7778:Guernsey
7725:Abkhazia
7677:Slovenia
7672:Slovakia
7647:Portugal
7505:Bulgaria
7406:Category
7324:Internet
7309:Language
7299:Folklore
7218:Religion
7193:Pensions
7188:Naturism
7065:Taxation
6949:Lobbying
6922:Intersex
6855:Politics
6464:Timeline
6443:General
6436:articles
6337:Archived
6304:Archived
6128:(1888),
5773:"Norway"
5670:citation
5661:27 March
5431:See also
4804:Altreich
4518:In 1841
4497:Napoleon
4477:Francony
4465:Alamanni
4388:Deutsche
4381:Germania
4359:Germania
4120:katakana
3894:Alemanni
3890:Germania
3882:Germania
3878:an-Nimsā
3870:an-Namsā
3866:an-Nimsā
3628:and the
3604:Estonian
3565:Saksamaa
3534:Meyagwed
3530:Dutchman
3526:Dechiman
3400:Alemanni
3397:Germanic
3380:Alemanni
3364:germanus
3348:Germanen
3274:Germania
3253:Germania
3226:Eburones
3190:Germania
3173:Caeraesi
3169:Eburones
3165:Condrusi
3147:Germanus
3133:Germanus
3114:Germania
3084:Germania
3077:Germania
3065:Lorraine
3003:Ashkenaz
2972:frengisk
2938:theodisc
2934:theodisc
2926:frengisk
2922:frengisk
2896:died out
2869:tudesque
2859:meaning
2841:Surmiran
2829:Germania
2821:Germania
2746:Germanic
2652:Sudovian
2563:Suðrvegr
2527:krzyżacy
2503:Silesian
2471:Ashkenaz
2388:Vāce Zėm
2367:Heremani
2359:Tahitian
2350:Silesian
2345:De Pruus
2245:Silesian
2195:Njemačka
2159:Njemačka
2155:Croatian
2134:Njemačka
2083:Saksanma
2052:Livonian
2038:Saksamaa
2034:Estonian
1956:Alemania
1950:Alimanya
1941:Alemanha
1897:Alemanha
1870:Elmaniya
1844:Almanïya
1816:Galician
1809:French:
1796:Alemanya
1792:Filipino
1769:Alemanya
1751:Alemania
1742:Almaniya
1729:Asturian
1723:ʾalmānyā
1715:Arabic:
1707:Alamanni
1654:cerumani
1645:Heremani
1641:Tahitian
1599:Girmania
1595:Sicilian
1581:Germania
1557:Германия
1550:Germania
1541:Germania
1537:Romanian
1512:Djermani
1457:Ġermanja
1402:Germania
1369:Hawaiian
1364:Germania
1352:Germania
1325:Germania
1305:germánya
1272:Gujarati
1266:Germanía
1261:Γερμανία
1250:germania
1245:გერმანია
1240:Georgian
1231:Friulian
1221:Germanio
1166:Germania
1161:Գերմանիա
1156:Armenian
1133:Albanian
1124:Acehnese
1115:Germania
1045:Tyskland
1018:Tyskland
996:Teutonia
965:dotygu'e
902:ドイツ (独逸)
883:German:
879:Týskland
861:Tyskland
730:speakers
704:tedeschi
698:Germania
689:Germania
520:division
179:Monarchs
139:Military
94:a series
92:Part of
51:Germania
8313:(Dutch)
8156:Oceania
8052:Vietnam
8037:Myanmar
8007:Iceland
8002:Germany
7939:Spanish
7934:Russian
7919:Persian
7909:Italian
7889:English
7879:Chinese
7702:Ukraine
7652:Romania
7612:Moldova
7570:Ireland
7565:Iceland
7560:Hungary
7550:Germany
7545:Georgia
7535:Finland
7530:Estonia
7525:Denmark
7510:Croatia
7495:Belgium
7490:Belarus
7480:Austria
7475:Armenia
7470:Andorra
7465:Albania
7383:Outline
7289:Fashion
7276:Cuisine
7238:Culture
7203:Poverty
7146:Germans
7109:Society
7090:Welfare
7075:Tourism
7032:Exports
7005:Banking
6983:Economy
6887:Cabinet
6826:Islands
6821:Geology
6744:Regions
6510:Teutons
6483:Ancient
6445:History
6432:Germany
6388:Germany
5875:in the
5873:tudesco
5703:10 June
5609:Nemetes
5589:demonym
5572:demonym
5542:tedesco
5538:demonym
5521:demonym
5501:Diutisc
5294:removed
5279:sources
5240:Ostzone
5181:Ostzone
5133:became
5091:Germany
5015:removed
5000:sources
4851:removed
4836:sources
4792:Ostmark
4626:Germany
4594:removed
4579:sources
4461:alemans
4450:Almains
4436:In the
4423:cognate
4396:Deutsch
4377:Germani
4369:Germani
4301:Germany
4297:Germans
4247:Deokguk
4182:do+itsu
4145:dokubun
4100:(whose
4087:Deutsch
4049:is the
4029:Deutsch
4018:déyìzhì
3972:vuowjos
3956:Gotland
3948:Vuojola
3944:Vagoths
3924:Latvian
3904:Persian
3864:النمسا
3862:Austria
3784:nemetes
3780:Tacitus
3772:Nemetes
3733:Německo
3715:Use of
3622:Cornish
3600:Finnish
3577:sakhsan
3550:Aanimaa
3514:Aanimaa
3436:Othello
3372:hermano
3257:Treveri
3255:: "The
3219:endonym
3207:Germani
3185:Tacitus
3181:Germani
3177:Paemani
3153:in his
3137:Germani
3129:Germani
3106:Germany
3090:Germani
3049:Belgium
3034:Teutons
3018:Teutoni
3011:Ascenos
3007:Japheth
2976:diutsch
2888:diutisc
2881:tudesco
2877:Thiogne
2825:Romansh
2813:todisco
2809:tudesco
2805:todesco
2801:tedesco
2784:Latvian
2727:diutisc
2698:Diutisc
2600:deutsch
2592:Ubudagi
2588:Kirundi
2584:Ubudage
2523:Bamberg
2497:Bavaria
2475:Japheth
2449:Germans
2441:Frángoi
2402:Latvian
2397:Vuoceja
2363:Purutia
2354:Prusacy
2335:Preisen
2312:Prussia
2268:Nemčija
2263:Slovene
2258:Nemecko
2239:Nemačka
2234:Немачка
2229:Serbian
2168:Německo
2130:Bosnian
2056:Saksāmō
2043:Finnish
2004:Almanya
2000:Turkish
1995:Alemaña
1986:Almania
1982:Алмания
1946:Quechua
1932:Almagna
1912:Persian
1906:aanimaa
1893:Occitan
1888:Almanha
1866:Kurdish
1839:Алмания
1829:Alemáña
1825:Guarani
1820:Alemaña
1787:Alemaña
1774:Cornish
1765:Catalan
1760:Alamagn
1733:Alemaña
1718:ألمانيا
1697:jarmanī
1682:Siamane
1658:jermani
1632:Swahili
1604:Sinhala
1572:Siamani
1531:jarmanī
1527:Panjabi
1521:jarmanī
1508:Nauruan
1475:jarmanī
1471:Marathi
1466:Tiamana
1453:Maltese
1429:(incl.
1382:jarmani
1378:Kannada
1356:Irish:
1334:jarmani
1315:jarmanī
1282:jarmanī
1212:Germany
1202:gyamani
1192:Burmese
1176:jarmani
1172:Bengali
1142:Aramaic
1091:Yiddish
1086:Dútslân
1041:Swedish
1036:Tôitšhi
1005:Nahuatl
918:Ubudage
875:Faroese
817:Déyìzhì
784:diutisc
735:Finnish
684:Italian
661:diutisc
647:endonym
635:Germany
207:Prussia
203:Bavaria
199:Austria
154:Judaism
144:Economy
105:Germany
76:*němьcь
8227:Europe
8151:Europe
8100:Africa
8032:Kosovo
7899:German
7894:French
7874:Arabic
7788:Jersey
7730:Kosovo
7697:Turkey
7687:Sweden
7667:Serbia
7657:Russia
7642:Poland
7637:Norway
7617:Monaco
7587:Latvia
7555:Greece
7540:France
7515:Cyprus
7411:Portal
7266:Cinema
7246:Anthem
7213:Racism
7027:Energy
6841:Rivers
6799:States
6769:, 1848
6605:Modern
6434:
6364:(2005)
6350:(2004)
6323:(2006)
6155:Kōjien
5998:
5964:
5943:Thiois
5918:
5845:
5828:
5807:
5626:Baltic
5622:Vagoth
5601:Němьcь
5555:german
5525:nemski
5248:Pankow
5214:(DDR,
5189:Pankow
4485:Bremen
4446:Almany
4431:Teuton
4419:theudō
4415:theudō
4270:iconic
4186:dok+il
4168:Korean
4081:doitsu
4015::
4013:pinyin
4005::
4003:pinyin
3976:German
3932:Vācija
3839:Mongol
3837:, the
3826:german
3807:nemski
3788:němьcь
3776:Caesar
3768:Nemtsy
3757:němьcь
3721:Niemcy
3717:němьci
3702:němьci
3700:, pl.
3698:němьcь
3691:nemtsy
3687:nemets
3684:exonym
3677:Nemets
3669:Saxony
3667:, not
3642:Sussex
3638:Wessex
3632:terms
3624:terms
3620:, the
3585:knives
3573:Saxons
3475:Almain
3456:Almain
3452:German
3408:Alsace
3404:Suebic
3333:Almain
3261:Nervii
3241:Celtic
3223:exonym
3215:Tungri
3211:Tungri
3187:wrote
3161:Belgic
3061:Aachen
3053:Thiois
2949:-iscus
2946:suffix
2942:theoda
2908:Franks
2865:thiois
2774:, the
2764:Celtic
2672:Erefen
2668:Polish
2626:Lakota
2606:Navajo
2574:Norway
2515:bambry
2511:Swabia
2507:szwaby
2493:bawery
2489:bawory
2457:Franks
2453:German
2406:Vācija
2365:(also
2341:Twents
2324:Pruses
2287:Němska
2278:Nimska
2254:Slovak
2224:Niemcy
2220:Polish
2149:Nemsko
2144:Немско
2104:němьcь
2061:Romani
1902:Ojibwe
1834:Kazakh
1778:Almayn
1756:Breton
1747:Basque
1678:Tongan
1627:Jerman
1618:Jarmal
1614:Somali
1568:Samoan
1517:Nepali
1502:German
1497:Герман
1439:Jerman
1343:Jerman
1330:Pashto
1301:גרמניה
1277:જર્મની
1223:(also
1197:ဂျာမနီ
1150:jerman
1027:Duiska
961:Lojban
929:독일(獨逸)
923:Korean
908:Doitsu
857:Danish
813:pinyin
728:Slavic
724:nemets
716:Niemcy
713:it is
711:Polish
686:it is
668:French
643:German
211:Saxony
183:Queens
123:Topics
96:on the
81:
71:
69:
63:
57:
45:
43:
33:
31:
8027:Korea
8022:Japan
8012:India
7997:China
7944:Tamil
7914:Malay
7841:lists
7763:Åland
7682:Spain
7607:Malta
7577:Italy
7390:Index
7354:Sport
7339:Names
7334:Music
7329:Media
7284:Dance
7156:Women
7121:Crime
7095:Women
6831:Lakes
6505:Goths
5693:(PDF)
5559:neamț
5488:Notes
5143:Reich
5115:Reich
4891:Reich
4887:Reich
4722:Reich
4686:Reich
4667:Reich
4631:Reich
4554:Reich
4427:teutā
4237:Dogil
4222:도이췰란드
4199:도이칠란트
4190:Dogil
4172:Dogil
4170:name
4008:Déguó
3964:vadja
3960:Votes
3908:Nemçe
3822:neamț
3725:Ńymcy
3630:Welsh
3593:Weser
3569:Saksa
3558:Saxon
3538:Némcy
3368:germà
3343:Dutch
3338:Alman
3321:garim
3317:gavin
3293:gairm
3233:Celts
3125:Gauls
3120:limes
3110:Latin
3022:Latin
2794:tuath
2787:tauta
2772:teuta
2684:Reich
2679:Rajch
2552:Reich
2543:Rajch
2509:from
2447:(for
2249:Ńymcy
2210:nemçe
2164:Czech
2074:Saksa
2047:Saksa
2027:tribe
2025:Saxon
2009:Welsh
1991:Tetum
1977:Tatar
1971:Olmon
1966:Олмон
1961:Tajik
1922:ālmān
1917:آلمان
1904:ᐋᓂᒫ (
1875:Latin
1850:Khmer
1709:tribe
1692:جرمنی
1650:Tamil
1486:Jāmne
1462:Māori
1427:Malay
1398:Latin
1292:Jamus
1288:Hausa
1256:Greek
1111:Latin
1050:Tamil
945:도이췰란드
941:) or
939:Kanji
935:Dogil
866:Dutch
845:Déguó
841:simp.
831:) or
829:trad.
779:From
740:Saksa
694:Latin
159:Women
47:Latin
8129:Asia
7837:and
7304:Flag
7261:Arts
6927:LGBT
6245:2023
6215:2023
6184:2023
6168:"83"
6088:2009
5996:ISBN
5962:ISBN
5940:see
5929:2023
5916:ISBN
5843:ISBN
5826:ISBN
5805:ISBN
5784:2007
5759:help
5705:2021
5676:link
5663:2024
5605:lit.
5361:and
5277:any
5275:cite
5164:(or
5119:Bund
4998:any
4996:cite
4965:Nazi
4834:any
4832:cite
4726:Bund
4715:bund
4692:Bund
4671:Bund
4669:and
4635:Bund
4577:any
4575:cite
4552:and
4467:and
4448:and
4440:and
4361:and
4299:and
4155:独日関係
3980:*wek
3968:Sami
3934:and
3926:and
3902:and
3849:and
3778:and
3761:-ina
3710:-ьcь
3706:němъ
3655:The
3602:and
3591:and
3589:Elbe
3581:seax
3567:and
3546:mute
3542:ajam
3444:Iago
3414:and
3402:, a
3340:and
3313:*gar
3289:gair
3278:gair
3269:OED2
3266:The
3259:and
3175:and
3151:Gaul
3059:and
3016:The
2991:Graf
2875:and
2861:land
2851:and
2839:and
2782:and
2760:diet
2753:diot
2742:þeod
2656:guti
2547:Rajś
2479:Noah
2205:نمچه
2088:Võro
2079:Veps
1687:Urdu
1664:Thai
1444:Manx
1433:and
1146:ܓܪܡܢ
759:and
733:the
666:the
641:the
548:1990
517:East
513:West
191:1918
149:LGBT
8248:By
7987:Q–Z
7982:J–P
7977:D–I
7972:A–C
7256:Art
6939:Law
5908:doi
5540:is
5334:).
5288:by
5246:or
5205:DDR
5187:or
5156:or
5009:by
4845:by
4588:by
4421:is
4394:).
4231:of
4208:of
4125:ドイツ
4110:to
4075:ドイツ
4055:đức
4046:Đức
4038:guó
4027:of
3954:, '
3922:In
3892:or
3884:or
3868:or
3712:).
3652:".
3598:In
3325:ger
3305:ger
3235:or
2966:In
2910:in
2796:).
2766:or
2571:cf.
2545:or
2491:or
1437:):
1388:Lao
1321:Ido
1070:Đức
850:德意志
843:) (
807:德意志
709:in
682:In
649:is
8429::
6231:.
6201:.
6170:.
6036:^
6028:21
6010:^
5914:,
5902:,
5890:^
5775:.
5750::
5748:}}
5744:{{
5726:^
5695:.
5672:}}
5668:{{
5643:^
5350:.
5242:,
5238:,
5183:,
5179:,
5149:.
5137:,
5129:,
4971:.
4963:,
4931:.
4912:.
4759:.
4688:.
4661:.
4479:,
4459:,
4252:덕국
4249:,
4242:독일
4212:.
4188:=
4177:독일
4097:獨逸
3857:.
3790:.
3763:.
3689:,
3671:.
3644:,
3595:.
3544:)
3418:.
3336:,
3315:/
3228:.
3171:,
3167:,
3044:.
2962:).
2871:,
2867:,
2847:,
2835:,
2811:,
2807:,
2789:,
2755:,
2658:,
2654::
2640::
2628::
2608::
2590::
2586:,
2582::
2561::
2541:,
2533:–
2525:,
2513:,
2505::
2487::
2465::
2451:,
2443:,
2439::
2422::
2413::
2404::
2395::
2386::
2361::
2352::
2343::
2333::
2322::
2294::
2285::
2276::
2265::
2256::
2247::
2231::
2222::
2202::
2193::
2184::
2175::
2166::
2157::
2141::
2132::
2116::
2090::
2081::
2072::
2063::
2054::
2045::
2036::
2011::
2002::
1993::
1979::
1963::
1948::
1939::
1930::
1920:('
1914::
1895::
1886::
1877::
1868::
1852::
1836::
1827::
1818::
1803::
1794::
1785::
1776::
1767::
1758::
1749::
1740::
1731::
1721:('
1689::
1680::
1643::
1634::
1625::
1616::
1597::
1588::
1579::
1570::
1548::
1539::
1510::
1494::
1483::
1464::
1455::
1446::
1409::
1400::
1371::
1350::
1341::
1323::
1299::
1290::
1274::
1258::
1242::
1233::
1219::
1210::
1194::
1158::
1144::
1135::
1126::
1093::
1084::
1066::
1052::
1043::
1034::
1025::
1016::
1007::
998:,
994::
985::
963::
953:–
925::
916::
892::
877::
868::
859::
835:德国
823:德國
815::
797::
767:.
217:,
213:,
209:,
205:,
201:,
197:,
193:,
189:,
185:,
7827:e
7820:t
7813:v
7445:e
7438:t
7431:v
6424:e
6417:t
6410:v
6247:.
6217:.
6186:.
6090:.
6030:.
6004:.
5970:.
5910::
5885:.
5862:.
5849:.
5832:.
5811:.
5786:.
5761:)
5757:(
5707:.
5678:)
5315:)
5309:(
5304:)
5300:(
5296:.
5282:.
5036:)
5030:(
5025:)
5021:(
5017:.
5003:.
4943:(
4872:)
4866:(
4861:)
4857:(
4853:.
4839:.
4776:)
4772:(
4615:)
4609:(
4604:)
4600:(
4596:.
4582:.
4402:*
4239:(
4219:(
4196:(
4174:(
4159:(
4143:(
4139:文
4137:独
4131:独
4114:独
4103:獨
4079:(
4065:德
4053:(
4034:國
3962:(
3751:(
3741:(
3497:(
3067:(
2737:(
2602:.
2569:(
2555:.
2499:.
2459:.
2304:)
2300:(
2241:)
2237:(
2208:(
2147:(
2126:)
2122:(
1973:)
1969:(
1924:)
1908:)
1862:)
1858:(
1842:(
1725:)
1699:)
1695:(
1660:)
1610:)
1564:)
1560:(
1533:)
1523:)
1504:)
1500:(
1477:)
1423:)
1415:(
1394:)
1384:)
1317:)
1307:)
1284:)
1280:(
1268:)
1264:(
1252:)
1248:(
1227:)
1204:)
1200:(
1188:)
1178:)
1168:)
1164:(
1152:)
1148:(
1103:)
1099:(
1076:德
1074:(
1060:)
1056:(
976:/
957:)
949:(
933:(
910:)
906:(
839:(
827:(
811:(
747:.
622:e
615:t
608:v
515:–
221:)
181:(
175:)
171:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
