Knowledge

Morion (helmet)

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in South America. It was widely used by the Spanish, but thirty to forty years later was also common among foot soldiers of many other European nationalities. Low production costs aided its popularity and dissemination, although officers and elite guards would have theirs elaborately engraved to
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originally from Spain, used from the beginning of the 16th century to the early-17th century. The morion usually had a flat brim and a crest running from front to back. Its introduction was contemporaneous with European exploration of much of North, Central and South America - explorers such as
373:, usually in silver. They had a large visor and neck guard, movable cheek guards, a high crest and three very tall feathered plumes reaching 60 cm (24 in) inserted on the front. These Moro designed versions of the morion can be considered closer in design to the burgonet. 905: 408:) was also worn during the 16th century and also originated in Spain, but it is unclear if it predated the morion or was an adaptation of it, with some sources saying it was a more modern helmet. The word has been derived from the Spanish word 291:
wore the morion as well, leading to confusion in battles; soldiers risked being shot by their own allies. It was for this reason that uniforms were introduced to identify armies. First, these were simple colored sashes, but soon the
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The crest or comb on the top of the helmet was designed to strengthen it. Later versions also had cheek guards and even removable faceplates to protect the soldier from sword cuts.
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The similarities in design of some English morions to Italian designs can be attributed to Italian armorers being contracted to produce helmets for the English army.
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in Catalan, which not only designates this type of helmet, but also, among other things, a feedbag, the shape of which resembles a morion when inverted.
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issued to French and Italian troops during World War I. Both are of a similar shape and have a comb reinforcing the top of the helmet.
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A 1550 Spanish cabasset, somewhat similar to the morion though it lacks the comb and has a taller crown, and is a different shape,
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as late as the 19th century as protection from bullets and a sign of their status. The most famous of these was the
125: 967: 889:. Smithsonian Institution – United States National Museum – Bulletin 137. Washington: Government Printing Office. 548:, the largest of the Florida Army National Guard, in tribute to the early militias of Florida under Spanish rule. 1931: 1260: 1693: 1045: 1014: 694: 2815: 2800: 2420: 552: 369:. The indigenously produced helmets were usually made of iron or brass and elaborately decorated with floral 886:
The Collection of Primitive Weapons and Armor of the Philippine Islands in the United States National Museum
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A Glossary of the Construction, Decoration, and Use of Arms and Armor in All Countries and in All Times
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Pear – Stalk Cabasset, Northern Italy, 1580 – 1590 on view at Lennart Viebahn Arms & Armour
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Diccionario militar, etimológico, histórico, tecnológico, con dos vocabularios francés y alemán
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in Catalan, meaning a helmet since the early 15th century, originally being a diminutive of
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published by the Royal Spanish Academy, indicates that the Spanish term for the helmet,
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From 1928 until 1961, the morion served as the logo of automobile manufacturer
366: 242: 2072: 1951: 1946: 1941: 1815: 1097:, Philippines: Lahing Pilipino Publishing, Inc., 1977, Vol. VI, pp. 1106–1107. 1002:
European Weapons and Armour: From the Renaissance to the Industrial Revolution
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who lived in Texas and wore armor that originally belonged to a conquistador.
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Helmets like the morion and cabasset feature in historical dramas set in the
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formations. It was popular in 16th-century England and was used during the
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maneuvers known for their high casualty rates. Although mostly issued to
250: 1156: 1021:, Imprenta y LitografĂ­a del DepĂłsito de la Guerra (Madrid, 1869), p. 220 196:
The morion's shape is derived from that of an older helmet, the Spanish
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The comb morion (with a red crest added) is part of the uniform of the
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may have supplied morions to their foot-soldiers in the 1540s.
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The iconic morion, though popularly identified with early
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Introducción a la historia de la indumentaria en España
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A History of the Art of War in the Sixteenth Century
485:originated when the Spanish adapted the Philippine 414:(head), while some sources point towards the word " 265:formations, protecting the flanks of the unarmored 882: 507:. A Swiss guardsman in his morion appears on the 492:The morion may have influenced the design of the 2792: 695:Morion by Pompeo della Cesa, Milan, 1585 – 1590 1035:, Philbrook Art Center, (Oklahoma, 1980), p. 29 442:. Like morions, it was worn by infantry in the 938:Arms and Armor in the Art Institute of Chicago 489:and shaped it similar to morions or cabassets. 2806:Military equipment of the Early Modern period 2405: 1202: 1016: 987:Arms and Armor in Colonial America, 1526-1783 969: 952: 908:: Together with Some Closely Related Subjects 409: 989:, Dover Publications (Toronto, 2000), p. 113 697:on view at Lennart Viebahn Arms & Armour 300:, which were retained by the army after the 151:musketeer wearing a morion (c. 17th century) 1033:Gloria Dell'arte: A Renaissance Perspective 1004:, The Boydell Press (Suffolk, 1980), p. 113 530:on cars of the 1940s and 1950s such as the 237:In England, this helmet (also known as the 210:, claims the word derives from the Spanish 2412: 2398: 1209: 1195: 1166: 544:The morion appears on the insignia of the 275:The helmet provided protection during the 34: 1095:Filipino Heritage: the Making of a Nation 729:Spanish Conquistador Helmet – Comb Morion 957:, Ediciones Istmo (Madrid, 2007), p. 320 627:The Chronicles of Narnia: Prince Caspian 551: 522:, named after the 16th century explorer 465: 380: 330:Some captured Spanish armor was worn by 181: 135: 940:, The Institute (Chicago, 1995), p. 116 2793: 2421:Components of medieval European armour 638:and descendants of pirates from Earth. 2393: 1190: 893: 876: 564: 454:, and one of these has been found on 315:have been unearthed and preserved at 817:British Infantry Uniforms Since 1660 1118:Swiss guards on the Vatican website 624:Morions appear in the fantasy film 220:Dictionary of the Spanish Language, 16:Spanish 16th century crested helmet 13: 819:. Blandford Press 1982 Ltd, 1982. 806:. London: Methuen & Co., 1937. 14: 2837: 764:Diccionario de la Lengua Española 661:, a copy of morion from Indonesia 546:53rd Infantry Brigade Combat Team 179:display their wealth and status. 163:, was not in use until after the 2523: 1089:Alfredo R. Roces, et al., eds., 541:, California, includes a morion. 392:A similar helmet, the cabasset ( 1173: 1150: 1133: 1122: 1111: 1100: 1083: 1072: 1061: 1050: 1039: 1025: 1008: 993: 978: 961: 944: 929: 914: 865: 847: 829: 809: 796: 461: 434:. They were produced mainly in 357:design for helmets (as well as 974:, Aguado (Madrid, 1849), p. 23 910:. Southwork Press. p. 66. 785: 769: 753: 748:New Oxford American Dictionary 741: 722: 711: 700: 688: 676: 430:(for head) and its diminutive 208:New Oxford American Dictionary 1: 951:Francisco de Sousa Congosto, 670: 47: 921:Jean-Paul Desroches et al., 634:, soldiers of the evil king 7: 1776:Helmet Steel Airborne Troop 1216: 1079:Cabasset found at Jamestown 971:Catálogo de la Real ArmerĂ­a 883:Herbert W. Krieger (1899). 642: 474:with a black morion in the 376: 361:and horn coats) during the 311:Surviving morions from the 10: 2842: 1912:Czechoslovak Vz. 53 Helmet 131: 115:) is a type of open-faced 18: 2757: 2706: 2655: 2584: 2553: 2532: 2521: 2427: 2317: 2276: 2186: 2101: 2025: 1894: 1733: 1702: 1529: 1433: 1424: 1224: 1145:Elizabeth: The Golden Age 750:(2nd ed., 2005), p. 1102. 581:Elizabeth: The Golden Age 241:) is associated with the 85: 75: 65: 55: 33: 1180:Narnia on Disney website 985:Harold Leslie Peterson, 836:Colchester Castle museum 617:, English soldiers like 537:The seal of the city of 313:1648 Siege of Colchester 226:, derives from the noun 630:; they are worn by the 596:and BBC TV series like 353:adopted the morion and 200:in 15th century called 2114:Advanced Combat Helmet 1017: 970: 953: 923:Treasures of San Diego 855:The Fighting Cheyennes 561: 478: 410: 405: 397: 389: 190: 152: 2206:Boxing / Martial Arts 968:JosĂ© MarĂ­a Marchesi, 936:Walter J. Karcheski, 555: 526:. It appeared as the 469: 387:Museo Naval de Madrid 384: 185: 176:conquest of the Incas 139: 2816:Western plate armour 2801:Early Modern helmets 1756:M32 (Czechoslovakia) 901:George Cameron Stone 860:George Bird Grinnell 792:Eventplan photograph 782:4th ed., 1972, p. 70 611:In the Disney movie 218:(round object). The 19:For other uses, see 1927:Romanian M73 helmet 1881:M1918 (Switzerland) 1801:Mk II talker helmet 1766:Stahlhelm (Germany) 1321:Henry VIII's Horned 1129:Classic Desoto cars 815:Barthorp, Michael. 593:Witchfinder General 558:The treasure keeper 189:kettle hat, c. 1490 173:Francisco Pizarro's 30: 2164:Lightweight Helmet 1639:Lobster-tailed pot 841:2011-09-28 at the 734:2008-10-12 at the 619:Captain John Smith 572:Elizabethan period 565:In popular culture 562: 560:, around 1830–1850 479: 390: 249:, together with a 191: 165:conquest of Mexico 153: 80:Kingdom of Castile 28: 2821:English Civil War 2788: 2787: 2387: 2386: 2226:Gridiron football 2182: 2181: 1836:SSh-39 and SSh-40 1771:M1934/39 (Greece) 1000:Ewart Oakeshott, 738:, helmet replica. 371:arabesque designs 363:Spanish–Moro Wars 317:Colchester Castle 257:as they stood in 93: 92: 2833: 2826:Spanish clothing 2527: 2485:Lobster tail pot 2414: 2407: 2400: 2391: 2390: 1821:M1940 (Portugal) 1496:Late Roman ridge 1431: 1430: 1211: 1204: 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2285: 2282: 2281: 2279: 2275: 2269: 2266: 2264: 2261: 2259: 2256: 2254: 2251: 2249: 2246: 2244: 2241: 2237: 2234: 2232: 2229: 2228: 2227: 2224: 2222: 2219: 2217: 2214: 2212: 2209: 2207: 2204: 2200: 2197: 2196: 2195: 2192: 2191: 2189: 2185: 2175: 2172: 2170: 2167: 2165: 2162: 2160: 2157: 2155: 2152: 2150: 2149:HeĹ‚m wz. 2005 2147: 2145: 2142: 2140: 2137: 2135: 2132: 2130: 2127: 2125: 2122: 2120: 2117: 2115: 2112: 2110: 2107: 2106: 2104: 2100: 2094: 2091: 2089: 2086: 2084: 2081: 2079: 2078:HeĹ‚m wz. 2000 2076: 2074: 2071: 2069: 2066: 2064: 2061: 2059: 2056: 2054: 2051: 2049: 2046: 2044: 2041: 2039: 2036: 2034: 2031: 2030: 2028: 2024: 2018: 2015: 2013: 2010: 2008: 2005: 2003: 2000: 1998: 1995: 1993: 1990: 1988: 1985: 1983: 1980: 1978: 1975: 1973: 1970: 1968: 1965: 1963: 1960: 1958: 1955: 1953: 1950: 1948: 1945: 1943: 1940: 1938: 1935: 1933: 1930: 1928: 1925: 1923: 1922:Hungarian M70 1920: 1918: 1915: 1913: 1910: 1908: 1905: 1903: 1900: 1899: 1897: 1893: 1887: 1884: 1882: 1879: 1877: 1876:L'Eplattenier 1874: 1872: 1869: 1867: 1864: 1862: 1859: 1857: 1854: 1852: 1851:M1934 (Spain) 1849: 1847: 1846:M1926 (Spain) 1844: 1842: 1841:M1921 (Spain) 1839: 1837: 1834: 1832: 1829: 1827: 1824: 1822: 1819: 1817: 1814: 1812: 1809: 1807: 1804: 1802: 1799: 1797: 1794: 1792: 1789: 1787: 1784: 1782: 1779: 1777: 1774: 1772: 1769: 1767: 1764: 1762: 1759: 1757: 1754: 1752: 1749: 1747: 1744: 1742: 1739: 1738: 1736: 1732: 1726: 1723: 1721: 1718: 1716: 1713: 1711: 1708: 1707: 1705: 1701: 1695: 1692: 1690: 1687: 1685: 1682: 1680: 1677: 1675: 1672: 1670: 1667: 1665: 1662: 1660: 1657: 1655: 1652: 1650: 1647: 1645: 1642: 1640: 1637: 1635: 1632: 1630: 1627: 1625: 1622: 1620: 1617: 1615: 1612: 1610: 1607: 1605: 1602: 1600: 1597: 1595: 1594:Germanic boar 1592: 1590: 1587: 1585: 1584:Falling buffe 1582: 1580: 1577: 1575: 1572: 1570: 1567: 1565: 1562: 1560: 1557: 1555: 1552: 1550: 1547: 1545: 1542: 1540: 1537: 1536: 1534: 1528: 1522: 1519: 1517: 1514: 1512: 1509: 1507: 1504: 1502: 1499: 1497: 1494: 1492: 1489: 1487: 1484: 1482: 1479: 1477: 1474: 1472: 1469: 1467: 1464: 1462: 1459: 1457: 1454: 1452: 1449: 1447: 1444: 1442: 1439: 1438: 1436: 1432: 1429: 1427: 1423: 1417: 1414: 1412: 1409: 1407: 1404: 1402: 1399: 1397: 1394: 1392: 1389: 1387: 1384: 1382: 1381:Staffordshire 1379: 1377: 1374: 1372: 1369: 1367: 1364: 1362: 1359: 1357: 1354: 1352: 1349: 1347: 1344: 1342: 1339: 1337: 1334: 1332: 1329: 1327: 1324: 1322: 1319: 1317: 1314: 1312: 1309: 1307: 1304: 1302: 1299: 1297: 1294: 1292: 1289: 1287: 1284: 1282: 1279: 1277: 1274: 1272: 1269: 1267: 1264: 1262: 1259: 1257: 1254: 1252: 1249: 1247: 1244: 1242: 1239: 1237: 1234: 1233: 1231: 1223: 1219: 1212: 1207: 1205: 1200: 1198: 1193: 1192: 1189: 1181: 1176: 1169: 1164: 1160: 1159: 1153: 1147: 1146: 1141: 1136: 1130: 1125: 1119: 1114: 1108: 1107:Adrian helmet 1103: 1096: 1092: 1086: 1080: 1075: 1069: 1064: 1058: 1053: 1047: 1042: 1036: 1034: 1028: 1022: 1019: 1011: 1005: 1003: 996: 990: 988: 981: 975: 972: 964: 958: 955: 947: 941: 939: 932: 926: 924: 917: 909: 907: 902: 896: 888: 887: 879: 873: 868: 861: 857: 856: 850: 844: 840: 837: 832: 826: 825:1-85079-009-4 822: 818: 812: 805: 799: 793: 788: 781: 777: 772: 765: 761: 756: 749: 744: 737: 733: 730: 725: 719: 718:Pikeman's Pot 714: 708: 707:Morion helmet 703: 696: 691: 684: 679: 675: 666: 663: 660: 657: 655: 652: 650: 647: 646: 637: 633: 629: 628: 623: 621:wear morions. 620: 616: 615: 610: 607: 606: 601: 600: 595: 594: 589: 588: 583: 582: 577: 576:Stuart period 573: 569: 568: 559: 554: 547: 543: 540: 536: 533: 532:DeSoto Deluxe 529: 528:hood ornament 525: 521: 517: 514: 513:two-euro coin 510: 506: 502: 498: 495: 494:Adrian helmet 491: 488: 484: 481: 480: 477: 473: 468: 459: 457: 453: 449: 445: 444:pike and shot 441: 437: 433: 429: 425: 421: 417: 412: 407: 403: 399: 395: 388: 383: 374: 372: 368: 364: 360: 356: 352: 349:, the native 348: 343: 341: 337: 333: 328: 326: 322: 319:along with a 318: 314: 309: 307: 303: 299: 295: 290: 287:troops, many 286: 282: 278: 273: 270: 268: 264: 263:pike and shot 260: 256: 252: 248: 244: 240: 239:pikeman's pot 235: 233: 229: 225: 221: 217: 213: 209: 205: 204: 199: 194: 188: 184: 180: 177: 174: 170: 169:Hernán CortĂ©s 166: 162: 161:conquistadors 158: 150: 146: 143: 138: 129: 127: 123: 118: 117:combat helmet 114: 110: 106: 102: 98: 88: 84: 81: 78: 74: 71: 68: 64: 61: 60:Combat helmet 58: 54: 50:17th century) 46:comb morion ( 45: 44: 37: 32: 26: 22: 2500:Nasal helmet 2494: 2465:Close helmet 2342:Heraldic use 2330:Helmet cover 2102:2001–present 1932:MÂş 44 E.T.A. 1786:M42 Duperite 1684:Takula tofao 1648: 1634:Lamellenhelm 1532:Early Modern 1530:Medieval and 1501:Montefortino 1246:Benty Grange 1175: 1157: 1152: 1143: 1135: 1124: 1113: 1102: 1094: 1090: 1085: 1074: 1063: 1052: 1041: 1032: 1027: 1010: 1001: 995: 986: 980: 963: 946: 937: 931: 922: 916: 904: 895: 885: 878: 867: 854: 849: 831: 816: 811: 803: 798: 787: 779: 771: 763: 755: 747: 743: 724: 713: 702: 690: 678: 625: 612: 605:Blackadder 2 603: 597: 592: 586: 579: 557: 509:Vatican City 505:Swiss Guards 483:Pith helmets 462:Modern times 438:, a town in 431: 427: 423: 419: 391: 344: 329: 310: 277:push of pike 274: 271: 238: 236: 227: 223: 219: 215: 211: 207: 201: 195: 192: 154: 112: 104: 96: 94: 89:16th century 43:conquistador 41: 25: 2592:Breastplate 2510:Spangenhelm 2455:Cervelliere 2119:BK-3 helmet 2073:HeĹ‚m wz. 93 1997:Paratrooper 1982:Modèle 1978 1977:Modèle 1951 1952:HeĹ‚m wz. 67 1947:HeĹ‚m wz. 63 1942:HeĹ‚m wz. 50 1816:HeĹ‚m wz. 31 1781:M33 (Italy) 1720:Pith helmet 1715:Pickelhaube 1703:Late Modern 1679:Spangenhelm 1664:Pickelhaube 1564:Cervelliere 1446:Boar's tusk 1306:Guisborough 1271:CoČ›ofeneČ™ti 665:Pith helmet 472:Swiss Guard 351:Moro people 347:Philippines 340:Iron Jacket 296:introduced 251:breastplate 2795:Categories 2637:Lance rest 2597:Brigandine 2515:Kettle hat 2475:Frog mouth 2470:Great helm 2253:Motorcycle 2236:Revolution 2221:Equestrian 2048:M90 (Iraq) 1629:Kulah khud 1589:Frog-mouth 1466:Corinthian 1456:Chalcidian 1386:Sutton Hoo 1371:Ribchester 1331:Iron Gates 1326:Horncastle 1296:Gjermundbu 1266:Coppergate 1256:Canterbury 1227:historical 1225:Individual 1158:Pocahontas 872:Iron Shirt 776:C.H. Firth 671:References 632:Telmarines 614:Pocahontas 599:The Tudors 306:Charles II 294:Roundheads 267:musketeers 198:kettle hat 149:Portuguese 86:Introduced 40:A Spanish 2744:Schynbald 2688:Rerebrace 2490:Mail coif 2480:Hounskull 2379:Zuckerman 2335:Mitznefet 2284:Custodian 2263:Scrum cap 2231:Eyeshield 2109:A2 Helmet 2026:1980–2000 2012:Swiss M71 1895:1945–1980 1734:1914–1945 1604:Hounskull 1486:Kegelhelm 539:Cupertino 448:Civil War 436:Calatayud 359:chainmail 298:red coats 289:Cavaliers 255:buff coat 157:Castilian 145:depiction 2719:Chausses 2698:Vambrace 2693:Spaulder 2683:Pauldron 2678:Gauntlet 2632:Codpiece 2617:Plackart 2561:Aventail 2450:Burgonet 2445:Bascinet 2357:Tarnhelm 2299:Hard hat 2248:Lacrosse 2187:Athletic 2159:KH-B2000 2134:ECH (US) 1962:M76 Para 1907:CABAL II 1579:Enclosed 1559:Burgonet 1554:Bascinet 1544:Aventail 1521:Shmarjet 1511:Phrygian 1481:Imperial 1476:Illyrian 1451:Boeotian 1406:Waterloo 1401:Venetian 1376:Shorwell 1356:Nijmegen 1351:Newstead 1311:Hallaton 1291:Gevninge 1261:CiumeĹźti 1236:Agighiol 903:(1934). 839:Archived 732:Archived 649:Burgonet 643:See also 587:Cromwell 432:cabeceta 420:cabasset 406:capacete 398:cabasset 377:Cabasset 365:and the 355:burgonet 336:Comanche 203:cabasset 126:Coronado 66:Material 2765:Gousset 2739:Sabaton 2724:Cuisses 2668:Besagew 2663:Ailette 2627:Hauberk 2612:Pauncer 2602:Cuirass 2576:Pizaine 2440:Barbute 2352:Mahiole 2309:Welding 2216:Cricket 2211:Bicycle 2199:Coolflo 2194:Batting 2088:SPECTRA 2017:Type 66 1710:Dragoon 1674:Secrete 1609:Jingasa 1574:Dragoon 1549:Barbute 1434:Ancient 1366:Pioneer 1341:Meyrick 1336:Lokrume 1229:helmets 1218:Helmets 1140:Footage 760:MorriĂłn 487:salakot 476:Vatican 402:Spanish 394:Catalan 345:In the 259:phalanx 247:pikemen 224:morriĂłn 212:morriĂłn 132:History 109:Catalan 105:morriĂłn 101:Spanish 2775:Rondel 2758:Pieces 2749:Tasset 2734:Poleyn 2729:Greave 2673:Couter 2571:Gorget 2505:Sallet 2495:Morion 2374:Winged 2347:Horned 2325:Flight 2289:Diving 2258:Racing 2243:Hockey 2124:QGF-03 2058:M59/85 2007:SSh-68 2002:SSh-60 1992:OR-201 1937:M59/85 1861:SSK 90 1831:SSh-36 1806:Mk III 1746:Brodie 1741:Adrian 1694:Viking 1689:Turban 1669:Sallet 1659:Paseki 1649:Morion 1624:Kettle 1619:Katapu 1614:Kabuto 1461:Coolus 1426:Combat 1361:Peretu 1346:Nemiya 1316:Hellvi 1165:  862:(2004) 823:  683:Morion 659:Paseki 654:Sallet 520:DeSoto 440:Aragon 428:cabeça 411:cabeza 338:chief 261:-like 232:morriĂł 206:. The 113:morriĂł 97:morion 29:Morion 21:Morion 2714:Bases 2622:Fauld 2607:Culet 2585:Torso 2566:Bevor 2540:Visor 2435:Armet 2318:Other 2083:Sfera 2068:PASGT 2053:JK 96 2043:GOLFO 2033:CG634 1987:MPC-1 1967:Mk IV 1654:Nasal 1644:Mempo 1599:Great 1569:Close 1539:Armet 1516:Pilos 1506:Negau 1491:Konos 1471:Galea 1441:Attic 1396:Veksø 1391:Tjele 1286:Emesa 1241:Agris 1142:from 858:, by 636:Miraz 424:cabĂ s 228:morra 216:morro 147:of a 70:Steel 2770:Lame 2707:Legs 2656:Arms 2554:Neck 2533:Face 2428:Head 2362:Pith 2277:Work 2174:Mk 7 2169:MICH 2154:IHPS 2144:6B47 2139:FAST 1972:Mk 6 1917:GK80 1416:Yarm 1251:Broe 1163:IMDb 821:ISBN 602:and 574:and 501:Pope 416:pear 253:and 214:and 140:The 124:and 56:Type 2268:Ski 2093:6B7 2063:M87 2038:M92 1957:M63 1826:RAC 1796:M1C 1161:at 1093:in 503:'s 400:) ( 304:of 283:'s 171:or 167:by 107:) ( 2797:: 1791:M1 778:. 762:, 590:, 584:, 458:. 404:: 396:: 327:. 308:. 269:. 111:: 103:: 95:A 48:c. 2413:e 2406:t 2399:v 1210:e 1203:t 1196:v 608:. 534:. 515:. 99:( 23:.

Index

Morion

conquistador
Combat helmet
Steel
Kingdom of Castile
Spanish
Catalan
combat helmet
Hernando de Soto
Coronado

Benin culture's
depiction
Portuguese
Castilian
conquistadors
conquest of Mexico
Hernán Cortés
Francisco Pizarro's
conquest of the Incas

Ferdinand II's
kettle hat
cabasset
morriĂł
New Model Army
pikemen
breastplate
buff coat

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