Knowledge

Morion (helmet)

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in South America. It was widely used by the Spanish, but thirty to forty years later was also common among foot soldiers of many other European nationalities. Low production costs aided its popularity and dissemination, although officers and elite guards would have theirs elaborately engraved to
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originally from Spain, used from the beginning of the 16th century to the early-17th century. The morion usually had a flat brim and a crest running from front to back. Its introduction was contemporaneous with European exploration of much of North, Central and South America - explorers such as
384:, usually in silver. They had a large visor and neck guard, movable cheek guards, a high crest and three very tall feathered plumes reaching 60 cm (24 in) inserted on the front. These Moro designed versions of the morion can be considered closer in design to the burgonet. 916: 419:) was also worn during the 16th century and also originated in Spain, but it is unclear if it predated the morion or was an adaptation of it, with some sources saying it was a more modern helmet. The word has been derived from the Spanish word 302:
wore the morion as well, leading to confusion in battles; soldiers risked being shot by their own allies. It was for this reason that uniforms were introduced to identify armies. First, these were simple colored sashes, but soon the
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The crest or comb on the top of the helmet was designed to strengthen it. Later versions also had cheek guards and even removable faceplates to protect the soldier from sword cuts.
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The similarities in design of some English morions to Italian designs can be attributed to Italian armorers being contracted to produce helmets for the English army.
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in Catalan, which not only designates this type of helmet, but also, among other things, a feedbag, the shape of which resembles a morion when inverted.
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issued to French and Italian troops during World War I. Both are of a similar shape and have a comb reinforcing the top of the helmet.
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A 1550 Spanish cabasset, somewhat similar to the morion though it lacks the comb and has a taller crown, and is a different shape,
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as late as the 19th century as protection from bullets and a sign of their status. The most famous of these was the
136: 978: 900:. Smithsonian Institution – United States National Museum – Bulletin 137. Washington: Government Printing Office. 559:, the largest of the Florida Army National Guard, in tribute to the early militias of Florida under Spanish rule. 1942: 1271: 1704: 1056: 1025: 705: 2826: 2811: 2431: 563: 380:. The indigenously produced helmets were usually made of iron or brass and elaborately decorated with floral 897:
The Collection of Primitive Weapons and Armor of the Philippine Islands in the United States National Museum
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A Glossary of the Construction, Decoration, and Use of Arms and Armor in All Countries and in All Times
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Pear – Stalk Cabasset, Northern Italy, 1580 – 1590 on view at Lennart Viebahn Arms & Armour
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Diccionario militar, etimológico, histórico, tecnológico, con dos vocabularios francés y alemán
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in Catalan, meaning a helmet since the early 15th century, originally being a diminutive of
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published by the Royal Spanish Academy, indicates that the Spanish term for the helmet,
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From 1928 until 1961, the morion served as the logo of automobile manufacturer
377: 253: 2083: 1962: 1957: 1952: 1826: 1108:, Philippines: Lahing Pilipino Publishing, Inc., 1977, Vol. VI, pp. 1106–1107. 1013:
European Weapons and Armour: From the Renaissance to the Industrial Revolution
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who lived in Texas and wore armor that originally belonged to a conquistador.
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Helmets like the morion and cabasset feature in historical dramas set in the
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formations. It was popular in 16th-century England and was used during the
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maneuvers known for their high casualty rates. Although mostly issued to
261: 1167: 1032:, Imprenta y LitografĂ­a del DepĂłsito de la Guerra (Madrid, 1869), p. 220 207:
The morion's shape is derived from that of an older helmet, the Spanish
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The comb morion (with a red crest added) is part of the uniform of the
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may have supplied morions to their foot-soldiers in the 1540s.
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The iconic morion, though popularly identified with early
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Introducción a la historia de la indumentaria en España
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A History of the Art of War in the Sixteenth Century
496:originated when the Spanish adapted the Philippine 425:(head), while some sources point towards the word " 276:formations, protecting the flanks of the unarmored 893: 518:. A Swiss guardsman in his morion appears on the 503:The morion may have influenced the design of the 2803: 706:Morion by Pompeo della Cesa, Milan, 1585 – 1590 1046:, Philbrook Art Center, (Oklahoma, 1980), p. 29 453:. Like morions, it was worn by infantry in the 949:Arms and Armor in the Art Institute of Chicago 500:and shaped it similar to morions or cabassets. 2817:Military equipment of the Early Modern period 2416: 1213: 1027: 998:Arms and Armor in Colonial America, 1526-1783 980: 963: 919:: Together with Some Closely Related Subjects 420: 1000:, Dover Publications (Toronto, 2000), p. 113 708:on view at Lennart Viebahn Arms & Armour 311:, which were retained by the army after the 162:musketeer wearing a morion (c. 17th century) 1044:Gloria Dell'arte: A Renaissance Perspective 1015:, The Boydell Press (Suffolk, 1980), p. 113 541:on cars of the 1940s and 1950s such as the 248:In England, this helmet (also known as the 221:, claims the word derives from the Spanish 2423: 2409: 1220: 1206: 1177: 555:The morion appears on the insignia of the 286:The helmet provided protection during the 45: 1106:Filipino Heritage: the Making of a Nation 740:Spanish Conquistador Helmet – Comb Morion 968:, Ediciones Istmo (Madrid, 2007), p. 320 638:The Chronicles of Narnia: Prince Caspian 562: 533:, named after the 16th century explorer 476: 391: 341:Some captured Spanish armor was worn by 192: 146: 951:, The Institute (Chicago, 1995), p. 116 14: 2804: 2432:Components of medieval European armour 649:and descendants of pirates from Earth. 2404: 1201: 904: 887: 575: 465:, and one of these has been found on 326:have been unearthed and preserved at 828:British Infantry Uniforms Since 1660 1129:Swiss guards on the Vatican website 635:Morions appear in the fantasy film 231:Dictionary of the Spanish Language, 27:Spanish 16th century crested helmet 24: 830:. Blandford Press 1982 Ltd, 1982. 817:. London: Methuen & Co., 1937. 25: 2848: 775:Diccionario de la Lengua Española 672:, a copy of morion from Indonesia 557:53rd Infantry Brigade Combat Team 190:display their wealth and status. 174:, was not in use until after the 2534: 1100:Alfredo R. Roces, et al., eds., 552:, California, includes a morion. 403:A similar helmet, the cabasset ( 1184: 1161: 1144: 1133: 1122: 1111: 1094: 1083: 1072: 1061: 1050: 1036: 1019: 1004: 989: 972: 955: 940: 925: 876: 858: 840: 820: 807: 472: 445:. They were produced mainly in 368:design for helmets (as well as 985:, Aguado (Madrid, 1849), p. 23 921:. Southwork Press. p. 66. 796: 780: 764: 759:New Oxford American Dictionary 752: 733: 722: 711: 699: 687: 441:(for head) and its diminutive 219:New Oxford American Dictionary 13: 1: 962:Francisco de Sousa Congosto, 681: 58: 932:Jean-Paul Desroches et al., 645:, soldiers of the evil king 7: 1787:Helmet Steel Airborne Troop 1227: 1090:Cabasset found at Jamestown 982:Catálogo de la Real ArmerĂ­a 894:Herbert W. Krieger (1899). 653: 485:with a black morion in the 387: 372:and horn coats) during the 322:Surviving morions from the 10: 2853: 1923:Czechoslovak Vz. 53 Helmet 142: 126:) is a type of open-faced 29: 2768: 2717: 2666: 2595: 2564: 2543: 2532: 2438: 2328: 2287: 2197: 2112: 2036: 1905: 1744: 1713: 1540: 1444: 1435: 1235: 1156:Elizabeth: The Golden Age 761:(2nd ed., 2005), p. 1102. 592:Elizabeth: The Golden Age 252:) is associated with the 96: 86: 76: 66: 44: 1191:Narnia on Disney website 996:Harold Leslie Peterson, 847:Colchester Castle museum 628:, English soldiers like 548:The seal of the city of 324:1648 Siege of Colchester 237:, derives from the noun 641:; they are worn by the 607:and BBC TV series like 364:adopted the morion and 211:in 15th century called 2125:Advanced Combat Helmet 1028: 981: 964: 934:Treasures of San Diego 866:The Fighting Cheyennes 572: 489: 421: 416: 408: 400: 201: 163: 2217:Boxing / Martial Arts 979:JosĂ© MarĂ­a Marchesi, 947:Walter J. Karcheski, 566: 537:. It appeared as the 480: 398:Museo Naval de Madrid 395: 196: 187:conquest of the Incas 150: 2827:Western plate armour 2812:Early Modern helmets 1767:M32 (Czechoslovakia) 912:George Cameron Stone 871:George Bird Grinnell 803:Eventplan photograph 793:4th ed., 1972, p. 70 622:In the Disney movie 229:(round object). The 30:For other uses, see 1938:Romanian M73 helmet 1892:M1918 (Switzerland) 1812:Mk II talker helmet 1777:Stahlhelm (Germany) 1332:Henry VIII's Horned 1140:Classic Desoto cars 826:Barthorp, Michael. 604:Witchfinder General 569:The treasure keeper 200:kettle hat, c. 1490 184:Francisco Pizarro's 41: 2175:Lightweight Helmet 1650:Lobster-tailed pot 852:2011-09-28 at the 745:2008-10-12 at the 630:Captain John Smith 583:Elizabethan period 576:In popular culture 573: 571:, around 1830–1850 490: 401: 260:, together with a 202: 176:conquest of Mexico 164: 91:Kingdom of Castile 39: 2832:English Civil War 2799: 2798: 2398: 2397: 2237:Gridiron football 2193: 2192: 1847:SSh-39 and SSh-40 1782:M1934/39 (Greece) 1011:Ewart Oakeshott, 749:, helmet replica. 382:arabesque designs 374:Spanish–Moro Wars 328:Colchester Castle 268:as they stood in 104: 103: 16:(Redirected from 2844: 2837:Spanish clothing 2538: 2496:Lobster tail pot 2425: 2418: 2411: 2402: 2401: 1832:M1940 (Portugal) 1507:Late Roman ridge 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2308: 2306: 2305:Firefighter's 2303: 2301: 2298: 2296: 2293: 2292: 2290: 2286: 2280: 2277: 2275: 2272: 2270: 2267: 2265: 2262: 2260: 2257: 2255: 2252: 2248: 2245: 2243: 2240: 2239: 2238: 2235: 2233: 2230: 2228: 2225: 2223: 2220: 2218: 2215: 2211: 2208: 2207: 2206: 2203: 2202: 2200: 2196: 2186: 2183: 2181: 2178: 2176: 2173: 2171: 2168: 2166: 2163: 2161: 2160:HeĹ‚m wz. 2005 2158: 2156: 2153: 2151: 2148: 2146: 2143: 2141: 2138: 2136: 2133: 2131: 2128: 2126: 2123: 2121: 2118: 2117: 2115: 2111: 2105: 2102: 2100: 2097: 2095: 2092: 2090: 2089:HeĹ‚m wz. 2000 2087: 2085: 2082: 2080: 2077: 2075: 2072: 2070: 2067: 2065: 2062: 2060: 2057: 2055: 2052: 2050: 2047: 2045: 2042: 2041: 2039: 2035: 2029: 2026: 2024: 2021: 2019: 2016: 2014: 2011: 2009: 2006: 2004: 2001: 1999: 1996: 1994: 1991: 1989: 1986: 1984: 1981: 1979: 1976: 1974: 1971: 1969: 1966: 1964: 1961: 1959: 1956: 1954: 1951: 1949: 1946: 1944: 1941: 1939: 1936: 1934: 1933:Hungarian M70 1931: 1929: 1926: 1924: 1921: 1919: 1916: 1914: 1911: 1910: 1908: 1904: 1898: 1895: 1893: 1890: 1888: 1887:L'Eplattenier 1885: 1883: 1880: 1878: 1875: 1873: 1870: 1868: 1865: 1863: 1862:M1934 (Spain) 1860: 1858: 1857:M1926 (Spain) 1855: 1853: 1852:M1921 (Spain) 1850: 1848: 1845: 1843: 1840: 1838: 1835: 1833: 1830: 1828: 1825: 1823: 1820: 1818: 1815: 1813: 1810: 1808: 1805: 1803: 1800: 1798: 1795: 1793: 1790: 1788: 1785: 1783: 1780: 1778: 1775: 1773: 1770: 1768: 1765: 1763: 1760: 1758: 1755: 1753: 1750: 1749: 1747: 1743: 1737: 1734: 1732: 1729: 1727: 1724: 1722: 1719: 1718: 1716: 1712: 1706: 1703: 1701: 1698: 1696: 1693: 1691: 1688: 1686: 1683: 1681: 1678: 1676: 1673: 1671: 1668: 1666: 1663: 1661: 1658: 1656: 1653: 1651: 1648: 1646: 1643: 1641: 1638: 1636: 1633: 1631: 1628: 1626: 1623: 1621: 1618: 1616: 1613: 1611: 1608: 1606: 1605:Germanic boar 1603: 1601: 1598: 1596: 1595:Falling buffe 1593: 1591: 1588: 1586: 1583: 1581: 1578: 1576: 1573: 1571: 1568: 1566: 1563: 1561: 1558: 1556: 1553: 1551: 1548: 1547: 1545: 1539: 1533: 1530: 1528: 1525: 1523: 1520: 1518: 1515: 1513: 1510: 1508: 1505: 1503: 1500: 1498: 1495: 1493: 1490: 1488: 1485: 1483: 1480: 1478: 1475: 1473: 1470: 1468: 1465: 1463: 1460: 1458: 1455: 1453: 1450: 1449: 1447: 1443: 1440: 1438: 1434: 1428: 1425: 1423: 1420: 1418: 1415: 1413: 1410: 1408: 1405: 1403: 1400: 1398: 1395: 1393: 1392:Staffordshire 1390: 1388: 1385: 1383: 1380: 1378: 1375: 1373: 1370: 1368: 1365: 1363: 1360: 1358: 1355: 1353: 1350: 1348: 1345: 1343: 1340: 1338: 1335: 1333: 1330: 1328: 1325: 1323: 1320: 1318: 1315: 1313: 1310: 1308: 1305: 1303: 1300: 1298: 1295: 1293: 1290: 1288: 1285: 1283: 1280: 1278: 1275: 1273: 1270: 1268: 1265: 1263: 1260: 1258: 1255: 1253: 1250: 1248: 1245: 1244: 1242: 1234: 1230: 1223: 1218: 1216: 1211: 1209: 1204: 1203: 1200: 1192: 1187: 1180: 1175: 1171: 1170: 1164: 1158: 1157: 1152: 1147: 1141: 1136: 1130: 1125: 1119: 1118:Adrian helmet 1114: 1107: 1103: 1097: 1091: 1086: 1080: 1075: 1069: 1064: 1058: 1053: 1047: 1045: 1039: 1033: 1030: 1022: 1016: 1014: 1007: 1001: 999: 992: 986: 983: 975: 969: 966: 958: 952: 950: 943: 937: 935: 928: 920: 918: 913: 907: 899: 898: 890: 884: 879: 872: 868: 867: 861: 855: 851: 848: 843: 837: 836:1-85079-009-4 833: 829: 823: 816: 810: 804: 799: 792: 788: 783: 776: 772: 767: 760: 755: 748: 744: 741: 736: 730: 729:Pikeman's Pot 725: 719: 718:Morion helmet 714: 707: 702: 695: 690: 686: 677: 674: 671: 668: 666: 663: 661: 658: 657: 648: 644: 640: 639: 634: 632:wear morions. 631: 627: 626: 621: 618: 617: 612: 611: 606: 605: 600: 599: 594: 593: 588: 587:Stuart period 584: 580: 579: 570: 565: 558: 554: 551: 547: 544: 543:DeSoto Deluxe 540: 539:hood ornament 536: 532: 528: 525: 524:two-euro coin 521: 517: 513: 509: 506: 505:Adrian helmet 502: 499: 495: 492: 491: 488: 484: 479: 470: 468: 464: 460: 456: 455:pike and shot 452: 448: 444: 440: 436: 432: 428: 423: 418: 414: 410: 406: 399: 394: 385: 383: 379: 375: 371: 367: 363: 360:, the native 359: 354: 352: 348: 344: 339: 337: 333: 330:along with a 329: 325: 320: 318: 314: 310: 306: 301: 298:troops, many 297: 293: 289: 284: 281: 279: 275: 274:pike and shot 271: 267: 263: 259: 255: 251: 250:pikeman's pot 246: 244: 240: 236: 232: 228: 224: 220: 216: 215: 210: 205: 199: 195: 191: 188: 185: 181: 180:Hernán CortĂ©s 177: 173: 172:conquistadors 169: 161: 157: 154: 149: 140: 138: 134: 129: 128:combat helmet 125: 121: 117: 113: 109: 99: 95: 92: 89: 85: 82: 79: 75: 72: 71:Combat helmet 69: 65: 61:17th century) 57:comb morion ( 56: 55: 48: 43: 37: 33: 19: 2511:Nasal helmet 2505: 2476:Close helmet 2353:Heraldic use 2341:Helmet cover 2113:2001–present 1943:MÂş 44 E.T.A. 1797:M42 Duperite 1695:Takula tofao 1659: 1645:Lamellenhelm 1543:Early Modern 1541:Medieval and 1512:Montefortino 1257:Benty Grange 1186: 1168: 1163: 1154: 1146: 1135: 1124: 1113: 1105: 1101: 1096: 1085: 1074: 1063: 1052: 1043: 1038: 1021: 1012: 1006: 997: 991: 974: 957: 948: 942: 933: 927: 915: 906: 896: 889: 878: 865: 860: 842: 827: 822: 814: 809: 798: 790: 782: 774: 766: 758: 754: 735: 724: 713: 701: 689: 636: 623: 616:Blackadder 2 614: 608: 603: 597: 590: 568: 520:Vatican City 516:Swiss Guards 494:Pith helmets 473:Modern times 449:, a town in 442: 438: 434: 430: 402: 355: 340: 321: 288:push of pike 285: 282: 249: 247: 238: 234: 230: 226: 222: 218: 212: 206: 203: 165: 123: 115: 107: 105: 100:16th century 54:conquistador 52: 36: 2603:Breastplate 2521:Spangenhelm 2466:Cervelliere 2130:BK-3 helmet 2084:HeĹ‚m wz. 93 2008:Paratrooper 1993:Modèle 1978 1988:Modèle 1951 1963:HeĹ‚m wz. 67 1958:HeĹ‚m wz. 63 1953:HeĹ‚m wz. 50 1827:HeĹ‚m wz. 31 1792:M33 (Italy) 1731:Pith helmet 1726:Pickelhaube 1714:Late Modern 1690:Spangenhelm 1675:Pickelhaube 1575:Cervelliere 1457:Boar's tusk 1317:Guisborough 1282:CoČ›ofeneČ™ti 676:Pith helmet 483:Swiss Guard 362:Moro people 358:Philippines 351:Iron Jacket 307:introduced 262:breastplate 2806:Categories 2648:Lance rest 2608:Brigandine 2526:Kettle hat 2486:Frog mouth 2481:Great helm 2264:Motorcycle 2247:Revolution 2232:Equestrian 2059:M90 (Iraq) 1640:Kulah khud 1600:Frog-mouth 1477:Corinthian 1467:Chalcidian 1397:Sutton Hoo 1382:Ribchester 1342:Iron Gates 1337:Horncastle 1307:Gjermundbu 1277:Coppergate 1267:Canterbury 1238:historical 1236:Individual 1169:Pocahontas 883:Iron Shirt 787:C.H. Firth 682:References 643:Telmarines 625:Pocahontas 610:The Tudors 317:Charles II 305:Roundheads 278:musketeers 209:kettle hat 160:Portuguese 97:Introduced 51:A Spanish 2755:Schynbald 2699:Rerebrace 2501:Mail coif 2491:Hounskull 2390:Zuckerman 2346:Mitznefet 2295:Custodian 2274:Scrum cap 2242:Eyeshield 2120:A2 Helmet 2037:1980–2000 2023:Swiss M71 1906:1945–1980 1745:1914–1945 1615:Hounskull 1497:Kegelhelm 550:Cupertino 459:Civil War 447:Calatayud 370:chainmail 309:red coats 300:Cavaliers 266:buff coat 168:Castilian 156:depiction 2730:Chausses 2709:Vambrace 2704:Spaulder 2694:Pauldron 2689:Gauntlet 2643:Codpiece 2628:Plackart 2572:Aventail 2461:Burgonet 2456:Bascinet 2368:Tarnhelm 2310:Hard hat 2259:Lacrosse 2198:Athletic 2170:KH-B2000 2145:ECH (US) 1973:M76 Para 1918:CABAL II 1590:Enclosed 1570:Burgonet 1565:Bascinet 1555:Aventail 1532:Shmarjet 1522:Phrygian 1492:Imperial 1487:Illyrian 1462:Boeotian 1417:Waterloo 1412:Venetian 1387:Shorwell 1367:Nijmegen 1362:Newstead 1322:Hallaton 1302:Gevninge 1272:CiumeĹźti 1247:Agighiol 914:(1934). 850:Archived 743:Archived 660:Burgonet 654:See also 598:Cromwell 443:cabeceta 431:cabasset 417:capacete 409:cabasset 388:Cabasset 376:and the 366:burgonet 347:Comanche 214:cabasset 137:Coronado 77:Material 18:Cabasset 2776:Gousset 2750:Sabaton 2735:Cuisses 2679:Besagew 2674:Ailette 2638:Hauberk 2623:Pauncer 2613:Cuirass 2587:Pizaine 2451:Barbute 2363:Mahiole 2320:Welding 2227:Cricket 2222:Bicycle 2210:Coolflo 2205:Batting 2099:SPECTRA 2028:Type 66 1721:Dragoon 1685:Secrete 1620:Jingasa 1585:Dragoon 1560:Barbute 1445:Ancient 1377:Pioneer 1352:Meyrick 1347:Lokrume 1240:helmets 1229:Helmets 1151:Footage 771:MorriĂłn 498:salakot 487:Vatican 413:Spanish 405:Catalan 356:In the 270:phalanx 258:pikemen 235:morriĂłn 223:morriĂłn 143:History 120:Catalan 116:morriĂłn 112:Spanish 2786:Rondel 2769:Pieces 2760:Tasset 2745:Poleyn 2740:Greave 2684:Couter 2582:Gorget 2516:Sallet 2506:Morion 2385:Winged 2358:Horned 2336:Flight 2300:Diving 2269:Racing 2254:Hockey 2135:QGF-03 2069:M59/85 2018:SSh-68 2013:SSh-60 2003:OR-201 1948:M59/85 1872:SSK 90 1842:SSh-36 1817:Mk III 1757:Brodie 1752:Adrian 1705:Viking 1700:Turban 1680:Sallet 1670:Paseki 1660:Morion 1635:Kettle 1630:Katapu 1625:Kabuto 1472:Coolus 1437:Combat 1372:Peretu 1357:Nemiya 1327:Hellvi 1176:  873:(2004) 834:  694:Morion 670:Paseki 665:Sallet 531:DeSoto 451:Aragon 439:cabeça 422:cabeza 349:chief 272:-like 243:morriĂł 217:. The 124:morriĂł 108:morion 40:Morion 32:Morion 2725:Bases 2633:Fauld 2618:Culet 2596:Torso 2577:Bevor 2551:Visor 2446:Armet 2329:Other 2094:Sfera 2079:PASGT 2064:JK 96 2054:GOLFO 2044:CG634 1998:MPC-1 1978:Mk IV 1665:Nasal 1655:Mempo 1610:Great 1580:Close 1550:Armet 1527:Pilos 1517:Negau 1502:Konos 1482:Galea 1452:Attic 1407:Veksø 1402:Tjele 1297:Emesa 1252:Agris 1153:from 869:, by 647:Miraz 435:cabĂ s 239:morra 227:morro 158:of a 81:Steel 2781:Lame 2718:Legs 2667:Arms 2565:Neck 2544:Face 2439:Head 2373:Pith 2288:Work 2185:Mk 7 2180:MICH 2165:IHPS 2155:6B47 2150:FAST 1983:Mk 6 1928:GK80 1427:Yarm 1262:Broe 1174:IMDb 832:ISBN 613:and 585:and 512:Pope 427:pear 264:and 225:and 151:The 135:and 67:Type 2279:Ski 2104:6B7 2074:M87 2049:M92 1968:M63 1837:RAC 1807:M1C 1172:at 1104:in 514:'s 411:) ( 315:of 294:'s 182:or 178:by 118:) ( 2808:: 1802:M1 789:. 773:, 601:, 595:, 469:. 415:: 407:: 338:. 319:. 280:. 122:: 114:: 106:A 59:c. 2424:e 2417:t 2410:v 1221:e 1214:t 1207:v 619:. 545:. 526:. 110:( 34:. 20:)

Index

Cabasset
Morion

conquistador
Combat helmet
Steel
Kingdom of Castile
Spanish
Catalan
combat helmet
Hernando de Soto
Coronado

Benin culture's
depiction
Portuguese
Castilian
conquistadors
conquest of Mexico
Hernán Cortés
Francisco Pizarro's
conquest of the Incas

Ferdinand II's
kettle hat
cabasset
morriĂł
New Model Army
pikemen
breastplate

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