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529:. Monorails were promoted as futuristic technology with exhibition installations and amusement park purchases, as seen by the legacy systems in use today. However, monorails gained little foothold compared to conventional transport systems. In March 1972, Alejandro Goicoechea-Omar had patent DE1755198 published, on a 'Vertebrate Train', build as experimental track in Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain. Niche private enterprise uses for monorails emerged, with the emergence of
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district. In later years, this idea was further developed by L. A. van de Ven, who was a forester in the
Grobogan forest district around 1908–1910. Monorails were built by plantation operators and wood processing companies throughout the mountains of Central Java. In 1919/1920, however, the hand-operated monorails gradually disappeared and were replaced by narrow-gauge railways with steam locomotives as forest utilization changed.
437:: "A new Russian type of monorail that runs in a chute on large spheres. Fragmentary and contradictory reports have appeared from Russia about a new revolutionary type of railway undergoing secret testing there, sparking the curiosity and interest of the American engineering world, who have recently received the first full confirmations about the details of the new system with photos of the working model in operation."
842:
1370:. The line operated from 1878 until 1879 delivering machinery and oil supplies. The first twin-boiler locomotive wore out quickly. It was replaced by a single boiler locomotive which was too heavy and crashed through the track on its third trip. The third locomotive again had twin boilers. On a trial run one of the boilers ran dry and exploded, killing six people. The railway was closed soon after.
561:. Monorails in particular may have suffered from the reluctance of public transit authorities to invest in the perceived high cost of un-proven technology when faced with cheaper mature alternatives. There were also many competing monorail technologies, splitting their case further. One notable example of a public monorail is the AMF Monorail that was used as transportation around the
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with other vehicles on the same system, with much fewer opportunities for collision. As with other elevated transit systems, monorail passengers receive sunlight and views. Monorails can be quieter than diesel buses and trains. They obtain electricity from the track structure, whereas other modes of transit may use either third rail or overhead power lines and poles. Compared to the
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wheels with electric motors embedded in them, which were located in semi-circular chutes under a wooden platform (in the full-scale project the trestle would have been concrete). A model train, built to 1/5 scale to test the vehicle concept, was capable of reaching speeds of up to 70 km/h. The full-scale project was expected to reach speeds of up to 300 km/h.
627:, is one of the world's busiest, averages 127,000 passengers per day and has served over 1.5 billion passengers since 1964. China recently started development of monorails in the late 2000s, already home to the world's largest and busiest monorail system and has a number of mass transit monorails under construction in several of cities. A
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Multiple-segmented beams move into place on rollers to smoothly align one beam with another to send the train in its desired direction, with the design originally developed by ALWEG capable of completing a switch in 12 seconds. Some of these beam turnouts are quite elaborate, capable of switching between several beams or simulating a
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Around 1879 a "one-rail" system was proposed independently by Haddon and by
Stringfellow, which used an inverted "V" rail (and thus shaped like "Λ" in cross-section). It was intended for military use, but was also seen to have civilian use as a "cheap railway." Similarly, one of the first systems put
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As with other grade-separated transit systems, monorails avoid red lights, intersection turns, and traffic jams. Surface-level trains, buses, automobiles, and pedestrians can collide each one with the other, while vehicles on dedicated, grade-separated rights-of-way such as monorails can collide only
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In the latter half of the 20th century, monorails had settled on using larger beam- or girder-based track, with vehicles supported by one set of wheels and guided by another. In the 1950s, a 40% scale prototype of a system designed for speed of 200 mph (320 km/h) on straight stretches and
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in
Ireland, opened in 1888 and lasting 36 years, being closed in 1924 (due to damage from Ireland's Civil War). It used a load-bearing single rail and two lower, external rails for balance, the three carried on triangular supports. It was cheap to construct but tricky to operate. Possibly the first
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In the mining industry suspended monorails have been used because of their ability to descend and climb steep tunnels using rack and pinion drive. This significantly reduces cost and length of tunnels, by up to 60% in some cases, which otherwise must be at gentle gradients to suit road vehicles or
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developed a modular-track ground-level monorail system with a 9 in (230 mm) high rail segments, 4 to 12 ft (1.2 to 3.7 m) long, running between support plates. The first system was sold in 1949 and it was used in industrial, construction and agricultural applications around the
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region was designed by the engineer of the timber industry Ivan
Gorodtsov. A Lartigue type line of about 50 km (31 mi) long was opened in November 1934 to connect the village of Selskaya Maza with the villages of Bakaldy and Yaloksha to carry timber. Following this example a separate 42
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The first half of the 20th century saw many further proposed designs that either never left the drawing board or remained short-lived prototypes. One of the most interesting projects created on the layout was the ball-bearing train by
Nikolai Grigorievich Yarmolchuk. This train moved on spherical
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were used to transport timber from the forests of
Central Java located in the mountains to the rivers. In 1908 and 1909, the forester H. J. L. Beck built a manually operated monorail of limited but sufficient capacity for the transport of small timber and firewood in the Northern Surabaya forest
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Straddle-beam monorails require that the beam moves for switching, which was an almost prohibitively ponderous procedure. Now the most common way of achieving this is to place a moving apparatus on top of a sturdy platform capable of bearing the weight of vehicles, beams and its own mechanism.
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was considered for use to a coal mine in Alaska. In June 1920, the French Patent Office published FR 503782, by Henri Coanda, on a 'Transporteur Aérien' -Air
Carrier. One of the first monorails planned in the United States was in New York City in the early 1930s, scrubbed for an elevated train
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1147:" is about the financing and building of a high speed driverless cross-country monorail project. Two of the Thunderbirds-crew find themselves trapped on board the a monorail train, and with no possibility of escape, when it is discovered it is speeding towards a stricken bridge.
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Conversely, monorails can be more expensive than light-rail systems that do not include tunnels. In addition, monorails must either remain above ground or use larger tunnels than conventional rail systems, and they require complex track-switching equipment.
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The term "track" is used here for simplicity. Technically the monorail sits on or is suspended from a guideway containing a singular structure. There is an additional generally accepted rule that the support for the car must be narrower than the
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metros. To differentiate monorails from other transport modes, the
Monorail Society defines a monorail as a "single rail serving as a track for passenger or freight vehicles. In most cases, rail is elevated, but monorails can also run at
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systems, modern monorails are always separated from other traffic and pedestrians due to the geometry of the rail. They are both guided and supported via interaction with the same single beam, in contrast to other guided systems like
956:, where a car sits upon a section of track that can be reoriented to several different tracks. For example, this can be used to switch a car from being in a storage location, to being on the main line. The now-closed
910:, Germany) have a design that makes it difficult to switch from one line to another. Some other monorails avoid switching as much as possible by operating in a continuous loop or between two fixed stations, as in the
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Current monorails are capable of more efficient switching than in the past. With suspended monorails, switching may be accomplished by moving flanges inside the beamway to shift trains to one line or another.
349:. It ran on a single load-bearing rail at ground level, but with a wooden overhead stabilising rail engaged by a pair of horizontally opposed wheels. The railway operated for only two years beginning in 1890.
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kilometres (26 mi) cargo-and-passenger monorail was built from the town of Bor to the village of
Zavrazhnoe, where forest and peat were exploited. The Lyskovsky monorail stopped operating in 1949.
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single metal rail alternative to the double rail of conventional railways, both guiding and supporting the monorail car. A surviving suspended version is the oldest still in service system: the
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Monorails have been used for number of applications other than passenger transportation. Small suspended monorail are also widely used in factories either as part of moveable assembly lines.
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Modern mass transit monorail systems use developments of the ALWEG beam and tyre approach, with only two suspended types in large use. Monorail configurations have also been adopted by
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are used in agriculture in steep sloped areas such as citrus orchards in Japan and vineyards in Italy. One
European manufacturer says they have installed 650 systems worldwide.
829:, contact wires or electrified channels attached to or enclosed in their guidance beams, but diesel-powered monorail systems also exist. Historically some systems, such as the
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at a wildly inflated price. The Monorail Society, an organization with 14,000 members worldwide, has blamed the episode for sullying the reputation of monorails, to which
130:, below grade, or in subway tunnels. Vehicles either are suspended from or straddle a narrow guide way. Monorail vehicles are wider than the guideway that supports them."
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at the depot, which allowed a train on the main line to be exchanged with another from the depot. There were about six lines in the depot, including one for maintenance.
3517:– a website dedicated to making the public aware of the benefits of modern monorail systems particularly when compared to other much more expensive forms of mass transit
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features a monorail, constructed by Bruce Wayne's father through Gotham City, that is part of the climax of the film. The monorail is also included in the spin-off
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90 mph (140 km/h) on curves was built in Germany. There were designs with vehicles supported, suspended or cantilevered from the beams. In the 1950s the
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sets. Its popularity has still endured over thirty years later, where Lego has paid homage in promotional sets and fans have manufactured compatible components.
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line. Despite being the most expensive Lego set of its time (due to being massive and including electrical elements), it was very popular, with Lego releasing a
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vehicles, and can be staffed or unstaffed. They can be individual rigid vehicles, articulated single units, or multiple units coupled into trains. Like other
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Modern monorails depend on a large solid beam as the vehicles' running surface. There are a number of competing designs divided into two broad classes,
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of up to ten percent. It only operated until June 1926, when the mineral deposits become uneconomic, and was dismantled for scrap in the late 1930s.
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responded "That's a by-product of our viciousness...Monorails are great, so it makes me sad, but at the same time if something's going to happen in
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This high-cost perception was challenged most notably in 1963 when the ALWEG consortium proposed to finance the construction of a major system in
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Very small and lightweight systems are used widely on farms to transport crops such as bananas. First developed in Japan, industrial versions of
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runs in commercial operation at 430 km/h (270 mph), and there are also slower maglev monorails intended for urban transport in Japan (
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in the 1880s. It was built in the twin cities of Barmen and Elberfeld in Wuppertal, Germany, opened in 1901, and is still in operation. The
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Bakhit Mabrouk and Wafi Adam (2015). "Development of mathmetical model for monorail suspension system under different track conditions".
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is criss-crossed by numerous hills, mountains and rivers, therefore tunneling is not feasible except in some cases (for example, lines
662:. Since the 2000s, with the rise of traffic congestion and urbanization, there has been a resurgence of interest in the technology for
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1592:"Quite often, some of our friends in the press and public make the assumption that any elevated rail or peoplemover is a monorail"
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carriage contacts the beam on the top and both sides for traction and to stabilize the vehicle. The style was popularized by the
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in which the track consists of a single rail or beam. Colloquially, the term "monorail" is often used to describe any form of
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412:, relies on a hybrid model with a load-bearing single rail and an external wheel for balance. A highspeed monorail using the
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A suspended monorail capable of carrying fully loaded 20' and 40' containers has been under construction since 2020 at the
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945:. Vehicle specifications are generally not open to the public, as is standard for rolling stock built for public services.
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adopted a unique ALWEG-based design with rolling stock that is much wider than most monorails, with capacity comparable to
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From 1950 to 1980, the monorail concept may have suffered, as with all public transport systems, from competition with the
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with cars gyroscopically balanced on top of a single rail were tested, but never developed beyond the prototype stage. The
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used a petrol powered, suspended monorail to transport luggage and freight from ocean-going vessels to a passenger depot.
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was partially opened in 2014, will be 27 km (17 mi) long when completed in 2022 and has a capacity of 40,000
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1166:(1973), a prop monorail is shown in the villain's lair on the fictional Caribbean island of San Monique. In the 1977
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American Society of Civil Engineers - Los Angeles Section: 100 Years of Civil Engineering Excellence 1913- 2013
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1797:"Research on the Influence of Straddle-Type Monorail's Pantograph Head Parameter on Power Collection Quality"
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2361:"Istanbul is building a 47km monorail network to deal with its crippling traffic congestion | Urban Gateway"
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2311:"Istanbul is building a 47km monorail network to deal with its crippling traffic congestion | CityMetric"
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701:) due to the extreme depth involved. Today it is the largest and busiest monorail system in the world.
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3392:"World's first smart container transport system put into use at east China's Qingdao Port 全球首個智能集裝箱運輸"
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world. The company ceased trading in 1967. The system was adapted for the use in the James Bond film
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707:, Brazil, is building two high-capacity monorail lines as part of its public transportation network.
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Monorails are often elevated, sometimes leading to confusion with other elevated systems such as the
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3475:– home page of a volunteer organization promoting monorails, with over 600 separate pages including
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979:. Rubber-tired light rail or metro lines can cope with similar or greater grades – for example, the
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SkyRail design. Other significant monorail systems are under construction such as two lines for the
257:. Maglevs differ from other monorails in that they do not physically contact the beam while moving.
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Monorails are sometimes used in urban areas alongside conventional parallel railed metro systems.
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83:. Monorail systems are most frequently implemented in large cities, airports, and theme parks.
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Several monorails initially conceived as transport systems survive on revenues generated from
184:, while monorail lines are integrated with conventional rail rapid transit lines in Bangkok's
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line, as well as additional track. The monorail system was also prominent in the unreleased
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3490:"One-Track Wonders: Early Monorails" – Site with many images of imagined and real monorails
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system. Versions of ALWEG's technology are used by the two largest monorail manufacturers,
3283:"Monorack Ecofriendly, energy-saving and compact A transport solution of the special kind"
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In 1956, the first monorail to operate in the US began test operations in Houston, Texas.
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into practical use was that of French engineer Charles Lartigue, who built a line between
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1160:(1967) there is a working ground level monorail inside the SPECTRE volcano base. During
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systems of New York, Chicago, and elsewhere, a monorail beamway casts a narrow shadow.
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monorails. The most common type is the straddle-beam, in which the train straddles a
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599:, benefiting from the unique views offered from the largely elevated installations.
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655:. Monorails have seen continuing use in niche shuttle markets and amusement parks.
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59:, is the longest and busiest monorail line in the Americas, and second worldwide.
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Zhen Yang, Zixue Du, Cheng Chen, Xiaoxia Wen, and Zhouzhou Xu (November 2017).
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26:"Single rail trains" redirects here. For the type of steel roller coaster, see
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2649:"Bombardier's Chinese Joint Venture Wins its First Monorail Contract in China"
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169:; like conventional railways, vehicle bodies can be connected to the beam via
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2713:"CRRC unveils China's first high-tech monorail train powered by magnet motor"
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was built in 1877 and ran for one year from January 1878 until January 1879.
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3305:"Evaluation of monorail haulage systems in metalliferous underground mining"
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was riding high and people were buying automobiles in large numbers due to
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Monorails have also appeared in a number of other video games including
588:), and the later proposed subway system faced criticism by famed author
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30 November 1911. Referenced in: Rob van de Ven Renardel de Lavalette:
2336:"Tender for monorail system in central Istanbul canceled - Latest News"
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Manufacturers of monorail rolling stock with operating systems include
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368:, New Jersey, in 1892. It closed in 1897. Other examples were built in
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WKfWkjpnbE0&ab_channel=enodentetsu
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Under the Monorail Society's beam-width criterion, some, but not all,
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2980:"The Simpsons creator Matt Groening on equality, memes and monorails"
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themed monorail in 1990 and another Space monorail in 1994 among the
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features monorails in three movies, all belonging to the villain. In
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674:, today investigating monorails as a possible mass transit solution.
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straddle design emerged, followed by an updated suspended type, the
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3109:"Passengers' Luggage Handled Speedily by Monorail Line (Jul, 1929)"
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1933, S. 75–76. Zitiert in: Rob van de Ven Renardel de Lavalette:
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A switch changing the direction of travel at Line 15 in São Paulo.
95:, who called an elevated railway system with wagons suspended the
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Maglev Monorail – Official site of the International Maglev Board
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2279:"Monorail system among Malta government proposals for EU funding"
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was built in 1924. It ran for 28 miles from a connection on the
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began construction of a 5 mi (8.0 km) line connecting
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for the maglevs makes it not legitimate to be called monorails.
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2293:"Monorail on backburner as Malta remains without EIB financing"
2018:
Iron rails in the Garden State: tales of New Jersey railroading
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has the longest and busiest monorail system in the world, with
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2171:"German's Develop Fast Monorail System For High Speed Travel"
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291:. Attempts at creating monorail alternatives to conventional
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1478:, the first phase of which was put into operation in 2021.
1213:
The fourth season of the American animated television show
1180:
784:
592:
as it had yet to reach the scale of the proposed monorail.
287:
The first monorail prototype was made in Russia in 1820 by
197:
121:
Monorails have found applications in airport transfers and
2387:
2385:
1329:
723:
will be 17.7 km (11.0 mi) long and is using the
619:
From the 1980s, most monorail mass transit systems are in
91:
The term possibly originated in 1897 from German engineer
3567:
3438:
2758:"New-energy sky train rolls off production line in China"
546:
295:
have been made since the early part of the 19th century.
1796:
2382:
457:
built in 1962 and still using the original ALWEG trains
416:
was proposed in 1901 between Liverpool and Manchester.
330:
was proposed in 1901 between Liverpool and Manchester.
879:). However, it is argued that the larger width of the
3227:"Far north Queensland gets a monorail... for bananas"
3095:
Pernah ada Monorel hutan (forestry monorail) di Jawa.
2119:"America's First Monorail Line Planned For New York."
360:
could be ridden. The first example was built between
2419:"Metrail Test Track Photo Essay - page one of three"
2014:
1948:
2074:"Hotchkiss Bicycle Railway, Great Yarmouth C. 1900"
1519:
Monorail plan for the Los Angeles River, California
975:monorails are typically designed to cope with a 6%
79:. More accurately, the term refers to the style of
1377:Monorail in the Grobogan area (north of Purwodadi)
505:, opened the United States' first daily operating
3469:– Article on how a rubber-wheeled monorail works.
3195:"The Tiny Monorails That Once Carried James Bond"
2906:"LEGO Monorail: Bring it Back or Build Your Own?"
2737:. International Railway Journal. 16 November 2020
1919:"Finchley Society Annual General Meeting Minutes"
306:in Philadelphia in 1876. Based on its design the
4889:
1916:
1320:and a non-operating monorail system in the 2020
1524:Rail transport in Walt Disney Parks and Resorts
1227:impulsively purchases a faulty monorail from a
759:, the world's first electric suspended monorail
3002:"Cyberpunk 2077 Has an Unused Monorail System"
1730:"Why cities rarely build monorails, explained"
1286:Japanese Rail Sim 3D: Monorail Trip to Okinawa
1122:monorail exterior scenes filmed at the French
1064:(Lines 2 & 3), 97.8 km (60.8 mi)
1057:, 682,800 passengers per day (2014 Daily Avg.)
746:
639:under construction a number of cities such as
509:in 1959. Later during this period, additional
326:on this line. A high-speed monorail using the
249:systems are considered monorails, such as the
101:(Einschieniges Hängebahnsystem Eugen Langen).
3536:
3111:. Modern Mechanics. July 1929. Archived from
2099:"NLA Australian Newspapers - article display"
1995:"NLA Australian Newspapers - article display"
1971:"NLA Australian Newspapers - article display"
779:beam 2 to 3 feet (0.6 to 0.9 m) wide. A
635:and several "Cloudrail" systems developed by
3135:"The Epsom Salts Line - Monorail to Nowhere"
2394:"Has the Monorail's Future Finally Arrived?"
2194:
1834:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
1040:, Zhongtang Air Rail Technology, Woojin and
105:Differentiation from other transport systems
2735:"Wuhan tests driverless suspended monorail"
1172:there is working monorail on the villain's
859:were built as straddle-type monorails. The
821:Almost all modern monorails are powered by
541:Perceptions of monorail as public transport
3543:
3529:
3070:Nieuwe Rotterdamsche Courant, Avondblad A,
2887:"Brickset Database of LEGO sets from 1987"
1338:Bradford & Foster Brook Monorail, 1880
813:is the world's largest suspended network.
157:Monorail vehicles often appear similar to
98:Eugen Langen One-railed Suspension Tramway
3370:"Qingdao Port smart system a world first"
2391:
1905:American Passenger Trains: WWII to Amtrak
1812:
1443:. An example of the system exists at the
537:, with shuttle-type systems being built.
356:was a monorail on which a matching pedal
2441:"Definition and Description of Monorail"
2250:"1.5 billionth rides monorail to Haneda"
2202:"Disneyland Adds Submarine and Monorail"
1634:"Dictionary.com definitions of monorail"
1454:
1372:
1333:
1038:China Railway Science and Industry Group
920:
890:
840:
750:
606:
480:
449:
429:
270:
108:
51:
32:
2627:"Is there people-mover in your future?"
1655:"Monorail Society, What is a monorail?"
1561:"Monorail Society, What is a monorail?"
1415:. This Lartigue type monorail achieved
1330:Farm, mining and logistics applications
1259:Blaine the Mono is a train featured in
631:-based system is under construction in
574:Los Angeles County Board of Supervisors
4890:
3450:Innovative Transportation Technologies
3023:Het boschbeheer in Nederlandsch-Indië.
2795:
2548:"Railway turntable | Work With Sounds"
1989:
1987:
1450:
836:
3524:
3350:. Mining Technology. 23 February 2018
3068:, 1921, page 125. First published in
3054:
3050:Bataviaasch Nieuwsblad, 16 July 1913.
2977:
2577:"Steeper Grade, Smaller Curve Radius"
1613:"Etymology Online entry for monorail"
1445:Amberley Museum & Heritage Centre
1269:series of books and first appears in
1096:
952:or other form of switch, is to use a
795:. There is also a historical type of
551:post–World War II optimism in America
396:in Germany. Also in the early 1900s,
150:and cable propelled systems like the
3550:
3302:
3262:"Monorail for Gardening and Farming"
3015:
2903:
2755:
2438:
2186:"First U.S. Monorail Has Trial Run."
2051:. September 10, 2009. Archived from
1951:"June 25 - Today in Science History"
855:(maglev) systems such as the German
173:, allowing curves to be negotiated.
165:systems, monorails can be driven by
2228:American Society of Civil Engineers
2101:. Newspapers.nla.gov.au. 1910-09-05
1984:
1272:The Dark Tower III: The Waste Lands
994:
13:
4715:Transit-oriented development (TOD)
1354:demonstrated in 1876, in 1877 the
1243:, it's going to go wrong, right?"
902:Some early monorails (notably the
16:Railway with a single rail or beam
14:
4924:
3419:
3132:
2507:"Monorails in Japan, an Overview"
1356:Bradford and Foster Brook Railway
666:with a number of cities, such as
602:
584:(which were strong advocates for
308:Bradford and Foster Brook Railway
4871:
4725:Transportation demand management
3175:. The Industrial Railway Society
2978:Chalk, Will (24 February 2021).
2392:Trevisani, Paulo (23 May 2011).
983:has grades of up to 12% and the
895:Switches at storage facility of
406:Patiala State Monorail Trainways
337:was a steam-powered monorail in
276:Gyroscopically balanced monorail
113:Monorail on concrete columns in
3404:from the original on 2021-11-11
3384:
3372:. China Daily. 17 November 2020
3362:
3340:
3296:
3275:
3254:
3241:"Banana Field Monorails Exist!"
3233:
3219:
3207:from the original on 2021-11-11
3187:
3165:
3126:
3101:
3098:Ziarah Spoor, 13 December 2012.
3087:
3040:
2994:
2971:
2949:
2923:
2897:
2879:
2850:
2820:
2774:
2749:
2727:
2705:
2683:
2662:
2641:
2619:
2594:
2569:
2540:
2516:
2499:
2479:
2457:
2432:
2411:
2353:
2328:
2303:
2285:
2271:
2242:
2220:
2179:
2164:
2129:
2112:
2091:
2066:
2035:
2008:
1963:
1942:
1917:Finchley Society (1997-06-26).
1910:
1897:
1884:
1842:
1788:
133:
3435:Monorail in Wuppertal, Germany
3348:"Monorail Suspended Transport"
2826:
2579:. Hitachi Rail. Archived from
2043:"100 years of fun and thrills"
1748:
1694:
1668:
1647:
1626:
1605:
1584:
1551:
1426:the Lyskovsky monorail in the
1364:Foster Township, McKean County
1183:released a monorail among the
1088:Oldest line still in service:
1069:Line 3, Chongqing Rail Transit
1055:Line 3, Chongqing Rail Transit
991:systems can handle 7% grades.
801:developed by German inventors
570:Los Angeles County, California
445:
435:Popular Science Feb 1934, p 41
383:
282:
191:
44:being the longest and busiest
1:
3697:Autonomous Rail Rapid Transit
3515:The American Monorail Project
3441:Monorail in Sydney, Australia
3004:. Game Rant. 28 December 2020
2691:"Monorail prototype unveiled"
2015:Anthony J. Bianculli (2008).
1578:
1134:, France (since dismantled).
1085:, 30.5 km (19.0 mi)
4753:Passenger information system
3510:Walt Disney World's Monorail
3495:The unknown Russian monorail
2756:Nair, Shalini (2021-06-29).
2693:. China.org.cn. 25 July 2017
2256:. 2007-01-24. Archived from
2021:. Indiana University Press.
1345:
1078:, 15.2 km (9.4 mi)
1067:Longest straddle-beam line:
1021:), PBTS (a joint venture of
886:
388:Early designs used a double-
278:(1909) by Brennan and Scherl
86:
7:
4903:Magnetic propulsion devices
3891:Demand-responsive transport
3789:Medium-capacity rail system
3066:Natuur en menschen in Indië
2829:"重庆单轨里程世界第一 列车国产化率95%_网易新闻"
2421:. Monorails.org. 2002-10-18
2076:. FotoLibra. Archived from
1481:
1436:Road Machines (Drayton) Ltd
747:Types and technical aspects
717:Bombardier Innovia Monorail
629:Bombardier Innovia Monorail
10:
4929:
4654:Public transport timetable
3685:Passenger rail terminology
3454:Transportation engineering
3229:. ABC News. 17 April 2012.
2715:. China Daily. 30 May 2016
1949:Today in Science History.
1734:Greater Greater Washington
1636:. Dictionary.reference.com
1504:Hotchkiss Bicycle Railroad
1074:Largest suspended system:
1047:
998:
948:An alternative to using a
833:, used steam locomotives.
611:One of three monorails at
578:Standard Oil of California
354:Hotchkiss Bicycle Railroad
319:monorail locomotive was a
264:
260:
28:Single-rail roller coaster
25:
18:
4867:
4771:
4738:
4685:Green transport hierarchy
4667:
4621:
4585:
4544:
4422:Automated fare collection
4407:
4276:
4176:
4142:
4082:
4034:
3996:
3859:
3675:
3558:
3303:Besa, Bunda (July 2010).
3075:De Monorail van Grobogan.
3028:De Monorail van Grobogan.
1814:10.1007/s40864-017-0066-0
1676:"Mumbai Monorail Project"
1382:Monorails in Central Java
1204:Space line and prototype
1152:James Bond film franchise
1032:Other developers include
1015:Bombardier Transportation
967:
853:Magnetic levitation train
623:, with a few exceptions.
559:Interstate Highway System
240:
221:. Monorails can also use
21:Monorail (disambiguation)
4720:Transportation authority
3501:; translated to English)
3462:University of Washington
3173:"AN INDUSTRIAL MONORAIL"
2957:"Marge vs. the Monorail"
2524:"The Railroad Turntable"
2465:"definition of monorail"
1892:American Passenger Train
1866:"Monorail pros and cons"
1544:
1514:List of monorail systems
1314:expansion pack of 2017,
1223:", in which the town of
1001:List of monorail systems
848:maglev on monorail track
816:
485:The original Red Mark I
335:Boynton Bicycle Railroad
316:Ballybunion and Listowel
211:Sapporo Municipal Subway
154:which run on two rails.
152:Cable Liner people mover
4784:Bus rapid transit creep
4730:Transportation planning
3467:The Disneyland Monorail
3445:Minirail at the Expo 67
2931:"The Monorail is Back!"
2858:"重庆市轨道交通（集团）有限公司——3 号线"
2398:The Wall Street Journal
2176:, January 1953, p. 127.
2126:, November 1930, p. 71.
1997:. Newspapers.nla.gov.au
1973:. Newspapers.nla.gov.au
1850:Monorails (All Aboard!)
1678:. MMRDA. Archived from
1471:conventional railways.
1143:February 1966 episode "
912:Seattle Center Monorail
877:Changsha Maglev Express
167:linear induction motors
140:Docklands Light Railway
57:São Paulo Metro Line 15
4482:Manual fare collection
4462:Farebox recovery ratio
3953:Personal rapid transit
3328:Cite journal requires
2959:. The Monorail Society
2805:. 国际在线. Archived from
2633:. 1998. Archived from
2602:"Sticking with rubber"
2230:(September 30, 2014).
1702:"Our projects - MMRDA"
1460:
1407:, eastward to harvest
1378:
1339:
1246:The 2005 feature film
1221:Marge vs. the Monorail
1219:features the episode "
1062:Chongqing Rail Transit
934:
899:
873:Beijing Subway Line S1
869:Incheon Airport Maglev
849:
760:
679:Chongqing Rail Transit
616:
563:1964–1965 World's Fair
494:
493:station in August 1963
458:
438:
279:
163:advanced rapid transit
118:
60:
49:
38:Chongqing Rail Transit
4839:Sustainable transport
4819:Passenger load factor
4634:Clock-face scheduling
4467:Free public transport
4319:Bus turnout (bus bay)
4016:Real-time ridesharing
3809:Platform screen doors
2552:www.workwithsounds.eu
1458:
1376:
1337:
1128:Châteauneuf-sur-Loire
1090:Schwebebahn Wuppertal
1083:Shanghai Maglev Train
1081:Longest maglev line:
932:
894:
861:Shanghai Maglev Train
844:
757:Wuppertal Schwebebahn
754:
610:
586:automobile dependency
484:
453:
433:
304:Centennial Exposition
274:
112:
55:
36:
4878:Transport portal
4814:Outline of transport
4507:Reduced fare program
4477:Integrated ticketing
4432:Contract of carriage
4243:Personal transporter
3799:Narrow-gauge railway
3647:Rail replacement bus
3473:The Monorail Society
3452:– a website for the
2937:(Mailing list). 2016
2803:"重庆轨道3号线成世界上最繁忙的单轨线"
2365:www.urbangateway.org
1401:Epsom Salts Monorail
1295:SimCity 4: Rush Hour
1229:confidence trickster
1169:The Spy Who Loved Me
1106:1966 film adaptation
1076:Chiba Urban Monorail
811:Chiba Urban Monorail
731:, two lines for the
576:under pressure from
302:was featured at the
19:For other uses, see
4854:Transport economics
4649:On-time performance
4644:Night (owl) service
4344:Interchange station
4223:Horse-drawn vehicle
4011:Flexible carpooling
3819:Metro/Rapid Transit
3062:Een bevloeiingswerk
2340:Hürriyet Daily News
2281:. 10 December 2014.
2238:. pp. 169–170.
2191:, June 1956, p. 77.
2048:Eastern Daily Press
1872:. February 18, 2001
1682:on 19 February 2014
1451:Recent applications
1441:You Only Live Twice
1352:Centennial Monorail
1157:You Only Live Twice
1034:CRRC Qingdao Sifang
1025:& Bombardier),
1023:CRRC Nanjing Puzhen
837:Magnetic levitation
798:suspension monorail
777:reinforced concrete
549:. At the time, the
503:Anaheim, California
487:Disneyland Monorail
424:gyroscopic monorail
372:from 1895 to 1909,
300:Centennial Monorail
267:History of monorail
207:rubber-tyred metros
4908:Russian inventions
4608:Standing passenger
3871:Auto rickshaw taxi
3841:Suspension railway
3824:Rubber-tyred metro
3747:Heritage streetcar
3652:Share taxi/Taxibus
3431:2016-08-19 at the
3133:Jahns, Richard H.
3081:2017-12-03 at the
3034:2017-12-03 at the
2762:Railway Technology
2528:American-Rails.com
2467:. monorail society
2315:www.citymetric.com
1903:Dorin, Patrick C.
1801:Urban Rail Transit
1538:Suspension railway
1461:
1413:Owlshead Mountains
1379:
1340:
1301:Cities in Motion 2
1176:(submarine dock).
1097:In popular culture
987:up to 6.5%, while
935:
904:suspended monorail
900:
850:
761:
689:. This is because
617:
513:were installed at
495:
459:
439:
394:Wuppertal monorail
280:
217:or trams, such as
144:Vancouver SkyTrain
119:
61:
50:
4885:
4884:
4577:Transport network
4567:Non-revenue track
4233:Inclined elevator
4168:Inclined elevator
4134:Inclined elevator
3759:Higher-speed rail
3702:Airport rail link
3585:Bus rapid transit
3485:Technical Section
3159:Trains and Travel
2487:"The Switch Myth"
2439:Svensson, Einar.
2317:. 30 January 2015
2297:maltatoday.com.mt
2206:Popular Mechanics
2189:Popular Mechanics
2174:Popular Mechanics
2152:Missing or empty
2123:Popular Mechanics
1870:The Seattle Times
1776:Missing or empty
1509:Lartigue Monorail
1434:The British firm
1388:In the 1920s the
1145:Brink of Disaster
1102:François Truffaut
930:
831:Lartigue Monorail
515:Walt Disney World
180:serves alongside
4920:
4913:1890s neologisms
4876:
4875:
4794:Destination sign
4758:Platform display
4748:Destination sign
4705:Transit district
4700:Street hierarchy
4680:Complete streets
4675:Airport security
4557:Cross-city route
4502:Proof-of-payment
4472:Free travel pass
3963:Public light bus
3923:Hackney carriage
3742:Heritage railway
3727:Elevated railway
3722:Cross-city route
3642:Public light bus
3600:Cross-city route
3552:Public transport
3545:
3538:
3531:
3522:
3521:
3500:
3460:programs at the
3414:
3413:
3411:
3409:
3388:
3382:
3381:
3379:
3377:
3366:
3360:
3359:
3357:
3355:
3344:
3338:
3337:
3331:
3326:
3324:
3316:
3314:
3312:
3300:
3294:
3293:
3291:
3289:
3279:
3273:
3272:
3270:
3268:
3258:
3252:
3251:
3249:
3247:
3237:
3231:
3230:
3223:
3217:
3216:
3214:
3212:
3191:
3185:
3184:
3182:
3180:
3169:
3163:
3156:(Republished in
3155:
3153:
3152:
3146:
3140:. Archived from
3139:
3130:
3124:
3123:
3121:
3120:
3105:
3099:
3091:
3085:
3060:Augusta de Wit:
3058:
3052:
3044:
3038:
3019:
3013:
3012:
3010:
3009:
2998:
2992:
2991:
2989:
2987:
2975:
2969:
2968:
2966:
2964:
2953:
2947:
2946:
2944:
2942:
2927:
2921:
2920:
2918:
2916:
2904:Schefcik, Dave.
2901:
2895:
2894:
2883:
2877:
2876:
2874:
2873:
2864:. Archived from
2854:
2848:
2847:
2845:
2844:
2835:. Archived from
2824:
2818:
2817:
2815:
2814:
2799:
2793:
2792:
2790:
2788:
2782:"SMART Monorail"
2778:
2772:
2771:
2769:
2768:
2753:
2747:
2746:
2744:
2742:
2731:
2725:
2724:
2722:
2720:
2709:
2703:
2702:
2700:
2698:
2687:
2681:
2680:
2678:
2676:
2670:"Smart Monorail"
2666:
2660:
2659:
2657:
2655:
2645:
2639:
2638:
2623:
2617:
2616:
2614:
2613:
2604:. Archived from
2598:
2592:
2591:
2589:
2588:
2573:
2567:
2566:
2564:
2563:
2554:. Archived from
2544:
2538:
2537:
2535:
2534:
2520:
2514:
2513:
2511:
2503:
2497:
2496:
2494:
2493:
2483:
2477:
2476:
2474:
2472:
2461:
2455:
2454:
2452:
2450:
2445:
2436:
2430:
2429:
2427:
2426:
2415:
2409:
2408:
2406:
2404:
2389:
2380:
2379:
2377:
2376:
2367:. Archived from
2357:
2351:
2350:
2348:
2347:
2332:
2326:
2325:
2323:
2322:
2307:
2301:
2300:
2289:
2283:
2282:
2275:
2269:
2268:
2266:
2265:
2246:
2240:
2239:
2224:
2218:
2217:
2215:
2213:
2198:
2192:
2183:
2177:
2168:
2162:
2161:
2155:
2150:
2148:
2140:
2133:
2127:
2116:
2110:
2109:
2107:
2106:
2095:
2089:
2088:
2086:
2085:
2070:
2064:
2063:
2061:
2060:
2055:on March 4, 2016
2039:
2033:
2032:
2012:
2006:
2005:
2003:
2002:
1991:
1982:
1981:
1979:
1978:
1967:
1961:
1960:
1958:
1957:
1946:
1940:
1939:
1937:
1936:
1930:
1924:. Archived from
1923:
1914:
1908:
1901:
1895:
1888:
1882:
1881:
1879:
1877:
1862:
1853:
1846:
1840:
1839:
1833:
1825:
1823:
1821:
1816:
1792:
1786:
1785:
1779:
1774:
1772:
1764:
1752:
1746:
1745:
1743:
1741:
1726:
1717:
1716:
1714:
1712:
1698:
1692:
1691:
1689:
1687:
1672:
1666:
1665:
1663:
1662:
1651:
1645:
1644:
1642:
1641:
1630:
1624:
1623:
1621:
1620:
1615:. Etymonline.com
1609:
1603:
1602:
1600:
1599:
1588:
1572:
1571:
1569:
1568:
1555:
1494:Innovia Monorail
1489:Bennie Railplane
1411:deposits in the
1395:In the northern
1350:Inspired by the
1307:Cities: Skylines
1281:Transport Tycoon
1163:Live and Let Die
1060:Largest system:
1007:Hitachi Monorail
995:Monorail systems
943:double-crossover
931:
664:public transport
615:in Rust, Germany
491:Disneyland Hotel
472:Hitachi Monorail
455:Seattle Monorail
380:, UK from 1896.
324:steam locomotive
4928:
4927:
4923:
4922:
4921:
4919:
4918:
4917:
4888:
4887:
4886:
4881:
4870:
4863:
4767:
4740:
4734:
4663:
4617:
4593:Checked baggage
4581:
4540:
4427:Bus advertising
4411:
4403:
4272:
4263:Trackless train
4206:Scooter-sharing
4201:Bicycle-sharing
4178:
4172:
4138:
4078:
4030:
3992:
3968:Pulled rickshaw
3938:Motorcycle taxi
3881:Combination bus
3862:
3855:
3769:Inter-city rail
3754:High-speed rail
3671:
3554:
3549:
3498:
3433:Wayback Machine
3422:
3417:
3407:
3405:
3390:
3389:
3385:
3375:
3373:
3368:
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3308:
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3297:
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3276:
3266:
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3259:
3255:
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3225:
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3220:
3210:
3208:
3193:
3192:
3188:
3178:
3176:
3171:
3170:
3166:
3162:, October 1951)
3150:
3148:
3144:
3137:
3131:
3127:
3118:
3116:
3107:
3106:
3102:
3092:
3088:
3083:Wayback Machine
3059:
3055:
3045:
3041:
3036:Wayback Machine
3020:
3016:
3007:
3005:
3000:
2999:
2995:
2985:
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2243:
2225:
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2211:
2209:
2200:
2199:
2195:
2184:
2180:
2169:
2165:
2153:
2151:
2142:
2141:
2135:
2134:
2130:
2117:
2113:
2104:
2102:
2097:
2096:
2092:
2083:
2081:
2072:
2071:
2067:
2058:
2056:
2041:
2040:
2036:
2029:
2013:
2009:
2000:
1998:
1993:
1992:
1985:
1976:
1974:
1969:
1968:
1964:
1955:
1953:
1947:
1943:
1934:
1932:
1928:
1921:
1915:
1911:
1902:
1898:
1889:
1885:
1875:
1873:
1864:
1863:
1856:
1847:
1843:
1827:
1826:
1819:
1817:
1793:
1789:
1777:
1775:
1766:
1765:
1753:
1749:
1739:
1737:
1728:
1727:
1720:
1710:
1708:
1700:
1699:
1695:
1685:
1683:
1674:
1673:
1669:
1660:
1658:
1657:. Monorails.org
1653:
1652:
1648:
1639:
1637:
1632:
1631:
1627:
1618:
1616:
1611:
1610:
1606:
1597:
1595:
1594:. Monorails.org
1590:
1589:
1585:
1581:
1576:
1575:
1566:
1564:
1563:. Monorails.org
1559:
1556:
1552:
1547:
1542:
1484:
1476:Port of Qingdao
1459:Mining monorail
1453:
1428:Nizhny Novgorod
1390:Port of Hamburg
1348:
1332:
1099:
1050:
1003:
997:
970:
958:Sydney Monorail
921:
889:
839:
823:electric motors
819:
749:
605:
555:suburbanization
543:
507:monorail system
448:
414:Lartigue system
386:
328:Lartigue system
285:
269:
263:
243:
194:
178:Mumbai Monorail
136:
123:medium capacity
107:
89:
31:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
4926:
4916:
4915:
4910:
4905:
4900:
4883:
4882:
4868:
4865:
4864:
4862:
4861:
4856:
4851:
4846:
4841:
4836:
4831:
4826:
4821:
4816:
4811:
4809:Land transport
4806:
4801:
4796:
4791:
4786:
4781:
4775:
4773:
4769:
4768:
4766:
4765:
4760:
4755:
4750:
4744:
4742:
4736:
4735:
4733:
4732:
4727:
4722:
4717:
4712:
4710:Transit police
4707:
4702:
4697:
4692:
4690:Rail subsidies
4687:
4682:
4677:
4671:
4669:
4665:
4664:
4662:
4661:
4656:
4651:
4646:
4641:
4636:
4631:
4625:
4623:
4619:
4618:
4616:
4615:
4610:
4605:
4600:
4595:
4589:
4587:
4583:
4582:
4580:
4579:
4574:
4569:
4564:
4562:Network length
4559:
4554:
4548:
4546:
4542:
4541:
4539:
4538:
4533:
4528:
4526:Ticket machine
4523:
4509:
4504:
4499:
4494:
4489:
4484:
4479:
4474:
4469:
4464:
4459:
4454:
4449:
4447:Fare avoidance
4444:
4439:
4434:
4429:
4424:
4418:
4416:
4405:
4404:
4402:
4401:
4396:
4391:
4386:
4381:
4376:
4371:
4366:
4361:
4356:
4351:
4346:
4341:
4336:
4331:
4329:Ferry terminal
4326:
4321:
4316:
4311:
4306:
4301:
4296:
4291:
4286:
4280:
4278:
4274:
4273:
4271:
4270:
4265:
4260:
4255:
4250:
4245:
4240:
4238:Moving walkway
4235:
4230:
4225:
4220:
4215:
4210:
4209:
4208:
4203:
4193:
4188:
4182:
4180:
4174:
4173:
4171:
4170:
4165:
4163:Moving walkway
4160:
4155:
4149:
4147:
4140:
4139:
4137:
4136:
4131:
4130:
4129:
4124:
4114:
4109:
4104:
4099:
4094:
4092:Aerial tramway
4088:
4086:
4080:
4079:
4077:
4076:
4071:
4066:
4061:
4056:
4051:
4046:
4040:
4038:
4032:
4031:
4029:
4028:
4023:
4018:
4013:
4008:
4002:
4000:
3994:
3993:
3991:
3990:
3985:
3980:
3975:
3970:
3965:
3960:
3955:
3950:
3945:
3940:
3935:
3930:
3925:
3920:
3915:
3910:
3905:
3904:
3903:
3898:
3888:
3886:Cycle rickshaw
3883:
3878:
3873:
3867:
3865:
3857:
3856:
3854:
3853:
3848:
3843:
3838:
3836:Street running
3833:
3828:
3827:
3826:
3816:
3811:
3806:
3801:
3796:
3791:
3786:
3781:
3776:
3771:
3766:
3761:
3756:
3751:
3750:
3749:
3739:
3734:
3729:
3724:
3719:
3714:
3709:
3704:
3699:
3694:
3693:
3692:
3681:
3679:
3673:
3672:
3670:
3669:
3664:
3659:
3654:
3649:
3644:
3639:
3634:
3629:
3624:
3623:
3622:
3612:
3607:
3602:
3597:
3592:
3587:
3582:
3581:
3580:
3575:
3564:
3562:
3556:
3555:
3548:
3547:
3540:
3533:
3525:
3519:
3518:
3512:
3507:
3502:
3492:
3487:
3470:
3464:
3458:Urban planning
3447:
3442:
3436:
3421:
3420:External links
3418:
3416:
3415:
3383:
3361:
3339:
3330:|journal=
3295:
3274:
3253:
3232:
3218:
3186:
3164:
3125:
3100:
3086:
3053:
3048:Dankbetuiging.
3039:
3014:
2993:
2970:
2948:
2922:
2896:
2878:
2862:www.cqmetro.cn
2849:
2819:
2794:
2773:
2748:
2726:
2704:
2682:
2661:
2640:
2637:on 2012-07-08.
2618:
2593:
2568:
2539:
2515:
2498:
2478:
2456:
2431:
2410:
2381:
2352:
2342:. 27 July 2017
2327:
2302:
2284:
2270:
2241:
2219:
2193:
2178:
2163:
2128:
2111:
2090:
2065:
2034:
2027:
2007:
1983:
1962:
1941:
1909:
1896:
1890:Schafer, Mike
1883:
1854:
1848:Ryan, Phillip
1841:
1807:(3): 149–157.
1787:
1747:
1718:
1693:
1667:
1646:
1625:
1604:
1582:
1580:
1577:
1574:
1573:
1549:
1548:
1546:
1543:
1541:
1540:
1535:
1526:
1521:
1516:
1511:
1506:
1501:
1496:
1491:
1485:
1483:
1480:
1452:
1449:
1347:
1344:
1331:
1328:
1323:Cyberpunk 2077
1284:(since 1999),
1266:The Dark Tower
1126:test track in
1115:Fahrenheit 451
1098:
1095:
1094:
1093:
1086:
1079:
1072:
1065:
1058:
1053:Busiest line:
1049:
1046:
999:Main article:
996:
993:
985:Montreal Metro
981:Lausanne Metro
969:
966:
897:Osaka Monorail
888:
885:
838:
835:
818:
815:
748:
745:
729:Cairo Monorail
625:Tokyo Monorail
604:
603:Recent history
601:
582:General Motors
542:
539:
535:shopping malls
447:
444:
404:, used in the
398:Gyro monorails
385:
382:
374:Great Yarmouth
284:
281:
265:Main article:
262:
259:
242:
239:
231:elevated train
209:, such as the
193:
190:
135:
132:
106:
103:
88:
85:
48:monorail line.
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4925:
4914:
4911:
4909:
4906:
4904:
4901:
4899:
4896:
4895:
4893:
4880:
4879:
4874:
4866:
4860:
4859:Micromobility
4857:
4855:
4852:
4850:
4847:
4845:
4842:
4840:
4837:
4835:
4832:
4830:
4827:
4825:
4822:
4820:
4817:
4815:
4812:
4810:
4807:
4805:
4804:Hail and ride
4802:
4800:
4797:
4795:
4792:
4790:
4787:
4785:
4782:
4780:
4777:
4776:
4774:
4770:
4764:
4761:
4759:
4756:
4754:
4751:
4749:
4746:
4745:
4743:
4737:
4731:
4728:
4726:
4723:
4721:
4718:
4716:
4713:
4711:
4708:
4706:
4703:
4701:
4698:
4696:
4693:
4691:
4688:
4686:
4683:
4681:
4678:
4676:
4673:
4672:
4670:
4666:
4660:
4657:
4655:
4652:
4650:
4647:
4645:
4642:
4640:
4637:
4635:
4632:
4630:
4627:
4626:
4624:
4620:
4614:
4611:
4609:
4606:
4604:
4601:
4599:
4596:
4594:
4591:
4590:
4588:
4584:
4578:
4575:
4573:
4570:
4568:
4565:
4563:
4560:
4558:
4555:
4553:
4550:
4549:
4547:
4543:
4537:
4534:
4532:
4529:
4527:
4524:
4521:
4517:
4513:
4510:
4508:
4505:
4503:
4500:
4498:
4495:
4493:
4490:
4488:
4485:
4483:
4480:
4478:
4475:
4473:
4470:
4468:
4465:
4463:
4460:
4458:
4455:
4453:
4450:
4448:
4445:
4443:
4440:
4438:
4435:
4433:
4430:
4428:
4425:
4423:
4420:
4419:
4417:
4415:
4410:
4406:
4400:
4399:Transport hub
4397:
4395:
4392:
4390:
4387:
4385:
4384:Train station
4382:
4380:
4379:Taxicab stand
4377:
4375:
4372:
4370:
4367:
4365:
4364:Park and ride
4362:
4360:
4359:Metro station
4357:
4355:
4352:
4350:
4347:
4345:
4342:
4340:
4337:
4335:
4332:
4330:
4327:
4325:
4322:
4320:
4317:
4315:
4312:
4310:
4307:
4305:
4302:
4300:
4297:
4295:
4292:
4290:
4287:
4285:
4282:
4281:
4279:
4275:
4269:
4266:
4264:
4261:
4259:
4256:
4254:
4251:
4249:
4246:
4244:
4241:
4239:
4236:
4234:
4231:
4229:
4226:
4224:
4221:
4219:
4216:
4214:
4211:
4207:
4204:
4202:
4199:
4198:
4197:
4194:
4192:
4189:
4187:
4184:
4183:
4181:
4175:
4169:
4166:
4164:
4161:
4159:
4156:
4154:
4151:
4150:
4148:
4145:
4141:
4135:
4132:
4128:
4125:
4123:
4120:
4119:
4118:
4115:
4113:
4110:
4108:
4105:
4103:
4102:Cable railway
4100:
4098:
4095:
4093:
4090:
4089:
4087:
4085:
4081:
4075:
4072:
4070:
4067:
4065:
4062:
4060:
4057:
4055:
4052:
4050:
4047:
4045:
4042:
4041:
4039:
4037:
4033:
4027:
4024:
4022:
4019:
4017:
4014:
4012:
4009:
4007:
4004:
4003:
4001:
3999:
3995:
3989:
3986:
3984:
3981:
3979:
3976:
3974:
3971:
3969:
3966:
3964:
3961:
3959:
3956:
3954:
3951:
3949:
3946:
3944:
3941:
3939:
3936:
3934:
3931:
3929:
3926:
3924:
3921:
3919:
3916:
3914:
3911:
3909:
3906:
3902:
3899:
3897:
3894:
3893:
3892:
3889:
3887:
3884:
3882:
3879:
3877:
3874:
3872:
3869:
3868:
3866:
3864:
3858:
3852:
3849:
3847:
3844:
3842:
3839:
3837:
3834:
3832:
3831:Regional rail
3829:
3825:
3822:
3821:
3820:
3817:
3815:
3812:
3810:
3807:
3805:
3802:
3800:
3797:
3795:
3792:
3790:
3787:
3785:
3782:
3780:
3777:
3775:
3772:
3770:
3767:
3765:
3762:
3760:
3757:
3755:
3752:
3748:
3745:
3744:
3743:
3740:
3738:
3735:
3733:
3730:
3728:
3725:
3723:
3720:
3718:
3715:
3713:
3712:Commuter rail
3710:
3708:
3705:
3703:
3700:
3698:
3695:
3691:
3688:
3687:
3686:
3683:
3682:
3680:
3678:
3674:
3668:
3665:
3663:
3660:
3658:
3655:
3653:
3650:
3648:
3645:
3643:
3640:
3638:
3635:
3633:
3630:
3628:
3625:
3621:
3618:
3617:
3616:
3615:Intercity bus
3613:
3611:
3608:
3606:
3603:
3601:
3598:
3596:
3593:
3591:
3588:
3586:
3583:
3579:
3576:
3574:
3571:
3570:
3569:
3566:
3565:
3563:
3561:
3557:
3553:
3546:
3541:
3539:
3534:
3532:
3527:
3526:
3523:
3516:
3513:
3511:
3508:
3506:
3503:
3496:
3493:
3491:
3488:
3486:
3482:
3478:
3474:
3471:
3468:
3465:
3463:
3459:
3455:
3451:
3448:
3446:
3443:
3440:
3437:
3434:
3430:
3427:
3424:
3423:
3403:
3399:
3398:
3393:
3387:
3371:
3365:
3349:
3343:
3335:
3322:
3306:
3299:
3284:
3278:
3263:
3257:
3242:
3236:
3228:
3222:
3206:
3202:
3201:
3196:
3190:
3174:
3168:
3161:
3160:
3147:on 2015-07-25
3143:
3136:
3129:
3115:on 2014-08-11
3114:
3110:
3104:
3097:
3096:
3090:
3084:
3080:
3077:
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3071:
3067:
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3057:
3051:
3049:
3043:
3037:
3033:
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3029:
3024:
3021:Ch. S. Lugt:
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2958:
2952:
2936:
2932:
2926:
2911:
2907:
2900:
2892:
2888:
2882:
2868:on 2014-11-29
2867:
2863:
2859:
2853:
2839:on 2015-07-08
2838:
2834:
2830:
2823:
2809:on 2014-12-05
2808:
2804:
2798:
2783:
2777:
2763:
2759:
2752:
2736:
2730:
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2708:
2692:
2686:
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2650:
2644:
2636:
2632:
2628:
2622:
2608:on 2012-05-17
2607:
2603:
2597:
2583:on 2011-07-19
2582:
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2558:on 2018-02-04
2557:
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2488:
2482:
2466:
2460:
2442:
2435:
2420:
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2399:
2395:
2388:
2386:
2371:on 2019-08-08
2370:
2366:
2362:
2356:
2341:
2337:
2331:
2316:
2312:
2306:
2298:
2294:
2288:
2280:
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2260:on 2012-07-19
2259:
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2167:
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2145:cite AV media
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2100:
2094:
2080:on 2011-11-19
2079:
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2050:
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2030:
2028:9780253351746
2024:
2020:
2019:
2011:
1996:
1990:
1988:
1972:
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1945:
1931:on 2008-12-04
1927:
1920:
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1900:
1893:
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1876:September 17,
1871:
1867:
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1851:
1845:
1837:
1831:
1815:
1810:
1806:
1802:
1798:
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1758:
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1740:September 17,
1736:. May 1, 2018
1735:
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4772:Other topics
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4613:Travel class
4572:Radial route
4552:Circle route
4536:Transit pass
4497:Penalty fare
4457:Fare evasion
4452:Fare capping
4437:Dead mileage
4394:Transit mall
4117:Gondola lift
3896:Microtransit
3804:People mover
3793:
3717:Circle route
3632:Open top bus
3595:Circle route
3499:(in Russian)
3406:. Retrieved
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2053:the original
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2037:
2017:
2010:
1999:. Retrieved
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1965:
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1944:
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1926:the original
1912:
1904:
1899:
1891:
1886:
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1869:
1849:
1844:
1830:cite journal
1820:December 24,
1818:. Retrieved
1804:
1800:
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1738:. Retrieved
1733:
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1680:the original
1670:
1659:. Retrieved
1649:
1638:. Retrieved
1628:
1617:. Retrieved
1607:
1596:. Retrieved
1586:
1565:. Retrieved
1553:
1533:Monorackbahn
1473:
1469:
1462:
1447:in Britain.
1435:
1433:
1424:Soviet Union
1421:
1394:
1387:
1380:
1368:Pennsylvania
1349:
1341:
1321:
1315:
1312:Mass transit
1311:
1305:
1299:
1293:
1285:
1279:
1277:
1270:
1264:
1261:Stephen King
1258:
1247:
1245:
1241:The Simpsons
1240:
1232:
1216:The Simpsons
1214:
1212:
1205:
1201:
1197:
1191:
1184:
1178:
1173:
1167:
1161:
1155:
1149:
1140:Thunderbirds
1138:
1136:
1113:
1110:Ray Bradbury
1100:
1042:SkyWay Group
1031:
1004:
973:Rubber-tired
971:
947:
936:
916:
901:
851:
825:fed by dual
820:
807:Eugen Langen
796:
768:
764:
762:
703:
676:
657:
618:
594:
590:Ray Bradbury
567:
544:
496:
460:
440:
418:
402:Ewing System
387:
351:
332:
312:
297:
289:Ivan Elmanov
286:
244:
235:
227:
215:guided buses
196:Unlike some
195:
182:Mumbai Metro
175:
156:
148:AirTrain JFK
137:
134:Similarities
120:
96:
93:Eugen Langen
90:
77:people mover
64:
62:
45:
4849:Transit map
4824:Public good
4741:and signage
4598:First class
4512:Smart cards
4487:Money train
4349:Kassel kerb
4309:Bus station
4097:Cable ferry
4064:Ocean liner
4044:Cable ferry
3901:Paratransit
3662:Transit bus
3657:Shuttle bus
3605:Express bus
3560:Bus service
3477:News Briefs
3426:Schwebebahn
2986:24 February
2963:24 February
2941:15 November
2915:15 November
2631:Railway Age
2254:Japan Times
2236:AuthorHouse
2212:21 December
2208:. July 1959
1225:Springfield
1174:supertanker
827:third rails
613:Europa-Park
446:1950s–1980s
384:1900s–1950s
366:Mount Holly
343:Long Island
283:Early years
223:pantographs
192:Differences
4892:Categories
4799:Dwell time
4789:Crush load
4739:Technology
4659:Short turn
4622:Scheduling
4586:Facilities
4374:Queue jump
4294:Bus garage
4196:Carsharing
4074:Water taxi
4054:Hovercraft
4006:Car jockey
3998:Carpooling
3973:Share taxi
3943:Marshrutka
3908:Dollar van
3851:Tram-train
3779:Light rail
3774:Interurban
3737:Heavy rail
3667:Trolleybus
3627:Marshrutka
3610:Guided bus
3481:World List
3151:2018-12-03
3119:2021-08-09
3008:2021-08-09
2982:. BBC News
2872:2012-12-29
2843:2015-01-01
2813:2014-11-30
2767:2024-06-03
2612:2011-12-21
2587:2010-09-11
2562:2018-02-03
2533:2018-02-03
2492:2007-01-15
2425:2010-09-11
2375:2019-08-08
2346:2019-07-16
2321:2019-07-16
2264:2007-01-24
2105:2010-09-11
2084:2012-01-19
2059:2012-01-20
2001:2010-09-11
1977:2010-09-11
1956:2009-04-03
1935:2009-04-03
1778:|url=
1686:7 February
1661:2010-09-11
1640:2010-09-11
1619:2010-09-11
1598:2010-09-11
1579:References
1567:2010-09-11
1499:Gadgetbahn
1465:slope cars
1317:Planet Zoo
1254:video game
1029:and EMTC.
867:), Korea (
857:Transrapid
846:Transrapid
687:heavy rail
547:automobile
531:air travel
499:Disneyland
476:Bombardier
362:Smithville
251:Transrapid
202:light rail
159:light rail
4898:Monorails
4763:Timetable
4492:Paid area
4442:Exit fare
4409:Ticketing
4389:Tram stop
4304:Bus stand
4277:Locations
4258:Slope car
4228:Hyperloop
4218:Escalator
4179:transport
4158:Escalator
4146:transport
4112:Funicular
4069:Vaporetto
4059:Hydrofoil
3978:Songthaew
3948:Nanny van
3933:Limousine
3876:Boda boda
3732:Funicular
3707:Cable car
3590:Charabanc
2910:BrickNerd
2471:16 August
2449:16 August
1711:27 August
1529:Slope car
1417:gradients
1207:Wild West
1179:In 1987,
1120:suspended
1118:contains
1112:'s novel
962:traverser
954:turntable
908:Wuppertal
887:Switching
769:suspended
705:São Paulo
691:Chongqing
677:In 2004,
525:, and in
511:monorails
378:Blackpool
219:Translohr
188:network.
115:Chongqing
87:Etymology
4779:Boarding
4695:Security
4668:Politics
4531:Transfer
4324:Dry dock
4314:Bus stop
4299:Bus lane
4289:Bus bulb
4268:Vactrain
4248:Robotaxi
4213:Elevator
4191:Airliner
4153:Elevator
4144:Building
4127:tricable
4107:Elevator
4021:Slugging
3863:for hire
3861:Vehicles
3794:Monorail
3764:Horsecar
3690:glossary
3439:Monorail
3429:Archived
3402:Archived
3288:6 August
3267:6 August
3211:6 August
3205:Archived
3179:6 August
3079:Archived
3032:Archived
1769:cite web
1761:73592213
1482:See also
1409:epsomite
1360:Bradford
1235:creator
1233:Simpsons
940:railroad
881:guideway
875:and the
791:company
735:and the
719:trains.
672:Istanbul
641:Guang'an
557:and the
427:system.
347:New York
339:Brooklyn
293:railways
65:monorail
4834:Service
4639:Headway
4603:Sleeper
4545:Routing
4520:Calypso
4516:CIPURSE
4354:Layover
4284:Airport
4186:Airline
4122:bicable
4026:Vanpool
3988:Tuk tuk
3928:Jeepney
3918:Gondola
3814:Railbus
3397:YouTube
3200:YouTube
2675:26 June
2403:May 23,
1422:In the
1346:History
1310:in the
1202:Seatron
1198:Unitron
1185:Futuron
1132:Orléans
1048:Records
1027:Intamin
721:Line 17
709:Line 15
645:Liuzhou
597:tourism
523:Seattle
519:Florida
421:Brennan
390:flanged
370:Norfolk
358:bicycle
261:History
117:, China
69:railway
4339:Harbor
4334:Hangar
4253:Shweeb
3958:Pesero
3913:Dolmuş
3784:Maglev
3637:Pesero
3620:driver
3573:driver
3483:and a
3408:4 July
3376:4 July
3354:4 July
3311:4 July
3246:4 July
3064:. In:
2935:4DBrix
2787:4 July
2741:4 July
2719:4 July
2697:4 July
2654:4 July
2025:
1907:(2009)
1894:(2001)
1852:(2010)
1759:
1399:, the
1124:SAFEGE
1092:, 1901
1019:Alstom
968:Grades
960:had a
865:Linimo
789:German
781:rubber
741:Brazil
715:using
653:Guilin
649:Bengbu
468:SAFEGE
376:, and
255:Linimo
247:maglev
241:Maglev
171:bogies
146:, the
46:single
42:Line 3
4414:fares
4177:Other
4084:Cable
4049:Ferry
3307:: 390
3145:(PDF)
3138:(PDF)
2510:(PDF)
2444:(PDF)
1929:(PDF)
1922:(PDF)
1757:S2CID
1706:mmrda
1545:Notes
1188:Space
1130:near
1017:(now
977:grade
817:Power
793:ALWEG
785:tired
773:steel
713:pphpd
683:China
668:Malta
621:Japan
527:Japan
464:ALWEG
321:0-3-0
213:; or
198:trams
128:grade
81:track
67:is a
4412:and
4369:Port
4036:Ship
3983:Taxi
3846:Tram
3677:Rail
3578:list
3479:, a
3456:and
3410:2021
3378:2021
3356:2021
3334:help
3313:2021
3290:2021
3269:2021
3248:2021
3213:2021
3181:2021
2988:2021
2965:2021
2943:2021
2917:2021
2827:网易.
2789:2021
2743:2021
2721:2021
2699:2021
2677:2021
2656:2021
2473:2012
2451:2012
2405:2011
2214:2010
2158:help
2023:ISBN
1878:2023
1836:link
1822:2023
1782:help
1742:2023
1713:2018
1688:2014
1558:car.
1362:and
1193:Town
1181:Lego
1150:The
1137:The
805:and
767:and
755:The
697:and
670:and
651:and
633:Wuhu
580:and
533:and
474:and
364:and
352:The
333:The
298:The
253:and
200:and
3568:Bus
1809:doi
1366:in
1288:by
1263:'s
1108:of
1104:'s
1011:BYD
989:VAL
950:wye
906:at
775:or
739:in
725:BYD
681:in
637:BYD
517:in
501:in
408:in
341:on
186:MRT
75:or
4894::
4518:,
3400:.
3394:.
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3323:}}
3319:{{
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1009:,
914:.
743:.
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