66:
54:
342:
771:
20:
309:
747:
35:
442:
486:
on-slip. This is as a result of the slip roads on the west side of the junction connecting to the roundabout on the inside of the eastern arc rather than the outside of the western arc as is normal. The two slip-roads are connected by a single lane on the inside of the roundabout, which traffic wishing to use the
Westbound on-slip must join, and traffic from the Eastbound off-slip must leave.
720:(called underpasses in North America as well as in the United Kingdom when referring to roads) may be employed to allow pedestrians and cyclists to cross busy or fast streets. They are often used over and under motorways since at grade pedestrian crossings are generally not permitted. Same can be said for railways. Though introduced to
485:
Where junctions have unusual designs weaving can be a problem other than on the main road. An example of this can be found at
Junction 7 of the M6, where traffic joining the roundabout from the M6 Eastbound off-slip must weave with the traffic already on the roundabout wishing to use the M6 Westbound
453:
is a result of placing an exit ramp a short distance after an entry ramp, causing conflicts between traffic attempting to leave the roadway at the next junction and traffic attempting to enter from the previous junction. This situation is most prevalent either where the junction designer has placed
195:
Grade-separated road junctions are typically space-intensive, complicated, and costly, due to the need for large physical structures such as tunnels, ramps, and bridges. Their height can be obtrusive, and this, combined with the large traffic volumes that grade-separated roads attract, tend to make
199:
Rail-over-rail grade separations take up less space than road grade separations: because shoulders are not needed, there are generally fewer branches and side road connections to accommodate (because a partial grade separation will accomplish more improvement than for a road), and because at-grade
203:
Grade-separated pedestrian and cycling routes often require modest space since they do not typically intersect with the facility (such as a highway) that they cross. However, grade-separated pedestrian crossings with steps introduce accessibility problems. Some crossings have
285:
are chosen to be grade separated, through their entire length or for part of it. Grade separation drastically increases the capacity of a road compared to an identical road with at-grade junctions. For instance, it is extremely uncommon to find an at-grade junction on a
431:
Compact grade-separation, whereby the two roads are linked by a compact "connector road", with major-minor priority junctions at each of its ends; usually a variant of the cloverleaf type interchange, but only involving two quadrants rather than
569:
Attempts have been made to increase the capacity of railways by making tracks cross in a grade-separated manner, as opposed to the traditional use of flat crossings to change tracks. A grade-separated rail interchange is known as a
818:
800:
405:
These junctions connect two roads, but only one is fully grade-separated, i.e. traffic on one road does not have to stop at yield lines or signals on one road, but may have to do so when switching to the other:
445:
An example of weaving, where traffic drives on the left. The blue car entering the grade-separated road, and both the red and blue car exiting must both change lanes in the short distance provided.
589:
south of
Basingstoke to allow traffic on the Salisbury and Southampton routes to converge without conflicting movements; this became known as "Battledown Flyover". Also in Britain, the
826:
797:
200:
railway connections often take up significant space on their own. However, they require significant engineering effort, and are very expensive and time-consuming to construct.
520:. This greatly improves safety and is crucial to the safe operation of high-speed lines. The construction of new level crossings is generally not permitted, especially for
524:
lines and level crossings are increasingly less common due to the increase of both road and rail traffic. Efforts to remove level crossings are done in the UK by
879:
211:
Grade-separated roads that permit for higher speed limits can actually reduce safety due to 'weaving' (see below) as well as a perceived sense of safety.
482:. Weaving can often cause side-on collisions on very fast roads with top speeds of up to 200 kilometres per hour, as well as the problem of blind spots.
196:
them unpopular to nearby landowners and residents. For these reasons, proposals for new grade-separated roads can receive significant public opposition.
93:
on other transit routes when they cross each other. The composition of such transport axes does not have to be uniform; it can consist of a mixture of
770:
851:
746:
179:
Roads with grade separation generally allow traffic to move freely, with fewer interruptions, and at higher overall speeds; this is why
994:
631:
228:
in which the direct flow of traffic on one or more of the roads is not disrupted. Instead of a direct connection, traffic must use
898:
297:
If traffic can traverse the junction from any direction without being forced to come to a halt, then the junction is described as
287:
600:—although technically a combination of many junctions—handle more than 4,000 trains per day (about one train every 15 seconds).
1102:
1047:
183:
are typically higher for grade-separated roads. In addition, reducing the complexity of traffic movements reduces the risk of
932:
547:, built between 1896 and 1899, was the first fully grade-separated railway of this type in the UK. This also applies to
847:
262:) to access the other roads at the junction. The road which carries on through the junction can also be referred to as
2312:
597:
590:
582:
69:
The concept of grade separation includes all transport modes, such as a simple pedestrian bridge over rail tracks.
1442:
1407:
724:
in New York City in the 1860s, subways are far more common today in Europe, especially in countries such as the
619:
lines, the faster speed requires grade separation. Therefore, many high speed lines are elevated, especially in
2317:
1432:
1417:
1032:
533:
420:
415:
2294:
2284:
1521:
1412:
1057:
2289:
2103:
1628:
1491:
1447:
1007:
2010:
1900:
1097:
859:
1188:
725:
490:
65:
365:(two-level, three-level, or four-level stack, depending on how many levels cross at the central point)
89:
of two or more surface transport axes at different heights (grades) so that they will not disrupt the
2299:
2118:
974:
291:
1946:
697:
and other regions using the same gauge, the most complicated grade-separation railpoint is found at
2279:
2005:
2000:
1975:
1092:
1012:
925:
627:, where population density alongside high speed lines is higher than in France, Italy or Germany.
53:
2338:
540:
341:
2212:
2179:
1516:
1486:
1427:
1392:
1067:
620:
593:
later made extensive use of flying junctions on other parts of its busy former LSWR main line.
455:
368:
129:), or a combination of both can be built at a junction to achieve the needed grade separation.
24:
2174:
1895:
1511:
1402:
1002:
647:
544:
321:
150:
516:
by making any roads or footpaths crossing the line either pass under or over the railway on
2217:
1915:
1638:
1536:
1422:
1022:
8:
2169:
2043:
1762:
1718:
1606:
1458:
1397:
1153:
1138:
1133:
1027:
961:
918:
694:
604:
410:
373:
144:
78:
895:
2073:
1887:
1872:
1683:
1618:
1541:
1526:
1471:
1375:
1309:
1299:
1270:
1207:
1077:
1042:
729:
717:
679:
671:
651:
616:
521:
459:
394:
138:
86:
2133:
1936:
1867:
1817:
1556:
1437:
1275:
1247:
1232:
1217:
1087:
1082:
1072:
655:
362:
74:
1990:
1965:
1752:
1668:
1663:
1578:
1336:
1178:
984:
979:
675:
663:
586:
282:
184:
19:
2227:
2187:
2098:
2088:
2058:
2048:
2033:
1995:
1951:
1777:
1767:
1698:
1314:
1017:
902:
804:
571:
564:
513:
2197:
2159:
2128:
2108:
2093:
1905:
1787:
1329:
1257:
1128:
1123:
1062:
1052:
944:
819:"Read the ebook Traffic engineering handbook by Institute of Traffic Engineers"
596:
Today in
Britain, the tightly grouped nest of flying junctions to the north of
575:
507:
308:
255:
162:
156:
102:
2332:
2207:
2164:
2113:
2053:
2018:
1985:
1852:
1802:
1792:
1693:
1623:
1613:
1506:
1476:
1365:
1324:
1242:
1118:
952:
690:
643:
237:
225:
454:
the on-slip to the road before the off-slip at a junction (for example, the
2232:
2222:
2123:
2078:
2038:
2028:
2023:
1980:
1862:
1857:
1782:
1708:
1678:
1570:
1551:
1481:
1319:
1227:
969:
883:
777:
721:
646:
was completed in 1913. The most frequent use was later found on the former
525:
471:
350:
346:
90:
2202:
1847:
1837:
1812:
1737:
1648:
1601:
1596:
1546:
1351:
1283:
1252:
753:
713:
245:
180:
825:. New Haven, Connecticut: Institute of Traffic Engineers. Archived from
23:
An example of the potential complexity of grade separation, seen in the
2192:
2068:
1941:
1877:
1842:
1822:
1703:
1673:
1643:
1583:
1531:
1183:
624:
548:
475:
425:
512:
In railway construction, grade separation also means the avoidance of
34:
2063:
1910:
1797:
1757:
1747:
1742:
1633:
1501:
1496:
1346:
1265:
1222:
1173:
1163:
1158:
1148:
757:
733:
635:
552:
529:
250:
241:
132:
In North
America, a grade-separated junction may be referred to as a
126:
47:
2256:
2251:
2083:
1832:
1827:
1688:
1653:
1591:
1237:
1212:
1037:
698:
463:
317:
278:
205:
118:
98:
58:
39:
441:
2154:
2138:
1807:
1658:
1168:
1143:
980:
Dual carriageway / Divided highway / Expressway
910:
761:
702:
683:
479:
467:
313:
274:
270:
259:
28:
2261:
1931:
1341:
1304:
737:
659:
517:
122:
114:
110:
846:
603:
Virtually all major railway lines no longer cross (forming an
667:
610:
106:
43:
941:
639:
493:
or braided ramps to separate entering and exiting traffic.
458:), or in urban areas with many close-spaced junctions. The
94:
607:) at flat level (although many diverge - i.e. 'Y' shape).
1772:
470:, is a notorious example, as are parts of the southern
354:
611:
High-speed railways (200 km/h or 120 mph+)
650:main lines. The lines are included as part of the
2330:
630:In the United States, a flying junction on the
449:On roadways with grade-separated interchanges,
816:
224:The term is most widely applied to describe a
926:
662:. The most complex of these junctions, near
776:Nineteenth-century pedestrian underpass in
732:where cycling is strongly encouraged. Long
501:
933:
919:
708:
208:, but these can be time-consuming to use.
823:ENGINEERING HANDBOOK, Second Edition 1950
585:(LSWR) made use of a flying junction at
440:
340:
307:
64:
52:
33:
18:
2331:
666:, handles railway traffic for Amtrak,
400:
345:4 level stack interchange between the
338:These junctions connect two freeways:
2029:Median / Central reservation
914:
798:City of Eureka Municipal Code 71.85
489:Weaving can be alleviated by using
474:, the M6/M5 junction north-west of
13:
1947:Risk compensation (road transport)
940:
848:Texas Department of Transportation
558:
333:
14:
2350:
478:, and the A4/M5 junction west of
166:, which are not grade-separated.
2313:Glossary of road transport terms
880:Reducing risk at level crossings
769:
745:
598:Clapham Junction railway station
583:London and South Western Railway
472:M25, the London orbital motorway
290:; it is all but impossible on a
190:
387:Turbine (whirlpool) interchange
889:
873:
840:
810:
791:
534:Level Crossing Removal Project
421:Single-point urban interchange
416:Partial cloverleaf interchange
57:Rail-rail grade separation in
1:
2295:Pavement performance modeling
2285:International roughness index
784:
324:- a type of grade separation.
174:
2290:Present serviceability index
2084:Sidewalk / Pavement
1629:Diamond grinding of pavement
7:
2262:Underpass / Tunnel
2257:Overpass / Flyover
2011:High-occupancy vehicle lane
1901:Driving under the influence
975:Freeway / Motorway
764:was built for pedestrians.
496:
491:collector/distributor roads
219:
10:
2355:
1189:Highway systems by country
562:
505:
436:
169:
85:is a method of aligning a
2308:
2300:Granular base equivalency
2270:
2241:
2147:
2119:Traffic signal preemption
1964:
1924:
1886:
1728:
1717:
1569:
1527:Right-in/right-out (RIRO)
1456:
1433:Single-point urban (SPUI)
1373:
1364:
1292:
1197:
1111:
993:
960:
951:
294:, though a few do exist.
121:, also called flyovers),
2280:Pavement condition index
2006:High-occupancy toll lane
2001:Contraflow lane reversal
1976:Barrier transfer machine
502:With roads and footpaths
393:Various incarnations of
328:
214:
42:for grade separation in
1134:Express-collector setup
856:TxDOT Visual Dictionary
817:Henry K. Evans (1950).
709:Footbridges and subways
574:and one which is not a
378:Cloverstack interchange
292:U.S. Interstate Highway
2318:Road types by features
2213:Raised pavement marker
2180:Constant-slope barrier
2104:Traffic directionality
2094:Street running railway
1517:Protected intersection
886:. Accessed 27 May 2024
456:cloverleaf interchange
446:
369:Cloverleaf interchange
358:
325:
142:– in contrast with an
70:
62:
50:
31:
25:Jane Byrne Interchange
2175:Concrete step barrier
1512:Offset T-intersection
693:, which includes the
648:Pennsylvania Railroad
545:Great Central Railway
444:
344:
322:Leipzig-Halle Airport
311:
299:fully grade separated
68:
56:
37:
22:
16:Type of road junction
2218:Road surface marking
1916:Single-vehicle crash
1639:Full depth recycling
1537:Seagull intersection
689:In what is known as
390:Windmill interchange
2044:Pedestrian crossing
1607:Reinforced concrete
1443:Three-level diamond
1154:Two-lane expressway
1139:Farm-to-market road
695:former Soviet Union
411:Diamond interchange
401:Partially separated
374:Trumpet interchange
79:highway engineering
77:(more specifically
2074:Runaway truck ramp
1896:Driver's education
1684:Rubberized asphalt
1619:Crocodile cracking
1542:Split intersection
1310:Hierarchy of roads
1271:Single carriageway
901:2011-02-23 at the
803:2012-02-12 at the
680:CSX Transportation
672:New Jersey Transit
652:Northeast Corridor
617:high-speed railway
522:high speed railway
447:
395:spaghetti junction
384:Semi-directional T
359:
326:
71:
63:
51:
32:
2326:
2325:
2134:Wide outside lane
1960:
1959:
1937:Automotive safety
1818:Road slipperiness
1565:
1564:
1413:Diverging diamond
1360:
1359:
1276:Single-track road
1218:Bicycle boulevard
656:Keystone Corridor
632:Nickel Plate Road
363:Stack interchange
283:dual carriageways
269:Typically, large
75:civil engineering
2346:
2170:Cat's eye (road)
1991:Complete streets
1763:Dead Man's Curve
1726:
1725:
1664:Pavement milling
1579:Asphalt concrete
1522:Quadrant roadway
1463:
1385:
1371:
1370:
1337:Street hierarchy
985:Elevated highway
958:
957:
935:
928:
921:
912:
911:
905:
893:
887:
877:
871:
870:
868:
867:
858:. Archived from
844:
838:
837:
835:
834:
814:
808:
807:(California, US)
795:
773:
749:
676:Norfolk Southern
664:Philadelphia Zoo
591:Southern Railway
587:Worting Junction
541:London Extension
288:British motorway
157:diamond crossing
134:grade separation
83:grade separation
2354:
2353:
2349:
2348:
2347:
2345:
2344:
2343:
2329:
2328:
2327:
2322:
2304:
2272:
2266:
2237:
2228:Traffic barrier
2188:F-Shape barrier
2143:
2099:Traffic calming
2059:Reversible lane
2049:Pedestrian zone
2034:Motorcycle lane
1996:Contraflow lane
1968:time allocation
1967:
1956:
1952:Underride guard
1920:
1882:
1768:Expansion joint
1730:
1720:
1713:
1699:Stamped asphalt
1561:
1492:Continuous flow
1465:
1461:
1460:
1452:
1386:
1382:grade-separated
1379:
1378:
1356:
1315:Private highway
1288:
1193:
1107:
989:
947:
939:
909:
908:
903:Wayback Machine
894:
890:
878:
874:
865:
863:
845:
841:
832:
830:
815:
811:
805:Wayback Machine
796:
792:
787:
780:
774:
765:
750:
711:
613:
572:flying junction
567:
565:Flying junction
561:
559:Flying junction
532:as part of the
514:level crossings
510:
504:
499:
439:
403:
353:(above) in the
336:
334:Fully separated
331:
264:grade separated
222:
217:
193:
177:
172:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2352:
2342:
2341:
2339:Junction types
2324:
2323:
2321:
2320:
2315:
2309:
2306:
2305:
2303:
2302:
2297:
2292:
2287:
2282:
2276:
2274:
2268:
2267:
2265:
2264:
2259:
2254:
2249:
2245:
2243:
2239:
2238:
2236:
2235:
2230:
2225:
2220:
2215:
2210:
2205:
2200:
2198:Jersey barrier
2195:
2190:
2185:
2182:
2177:
2172:
2167:
2162:
2157:
2151:
2149:
2145:
2144:
2142:
2141:
2136:
2131:
2129:Unused highway
2126:
2121:
2116:
2111:
2109:Traffic island
2106:
2101:
2096:
2091:
2086:
2081:
2076:
2071:
2066:
2061:
2056:
2051:
2046:
2041:
2036:
2031:
2026:
2021:
2016:
2013:
2008:
2003:
1998:
1993:
1988:
1983:
1978:
1972:
1970:
1962:
1961:
1958:
1957:
1955:
1954:
1949:
1944:
1939:
1934:
1928:
1926:
1922:
1921:
1919:
1918:
1913:
1908:
1906:Drowsy driving
1903:
1898:
1892:
1890:
1884:
1883:
1881:
1880:
1875:
1870:
1865:
1860:
1855:
1850:
1845:
1840:
1835:
1830:
1825:
1820:
1815:
1810:
1805:
1800:
1795:
1790:
1788:Level crossing
1785:
1780:
1775:
1770:
1765:
1760:
1755:
1750:
1745:
1740:
1734:
1732:
1723:
1715:
1714:
1712:
1711:
1706:
1701:
1696:
1691:
1686:
1681:
1676:
1671:
1666:
1661:
1656:
1651:
1646:
1641:
1636:
1631:
1626:
1621:
1616:
1611:
1610:
1609:
1599:
1594:
1589:
1586:
1581:
1575:
1573:
1567:
1566:
1563:
1562:
1560:
1559:
1554:
1549:
1544:
1539:
1534:
1529:
1524:
1519:
1514:
1509:
1504:
1499:
1494:
1489:
1487:Channelization
1484:
1479:
1474:
1472:3-way junction
1468:
1466:
1457:
1454:
1453:
1451:
1450:
1445:
1440:
1435:
1430:
1425:
1420:
1415:
1410:
1405:
1400:
1395:
1389:
1387:
1374:
1368:
1366:Road junctions
1362:
1361:
1358:
1357:
1355:
1354:
1349:
1344:
1339:
1334:
1333:
1332:
1330:business route
1327:
1317:
1312:
1307:
1302:
1296:
1294:
1290:
1289:
1287:
1286:
1281:
1278:
1273:
1268:
1263:
1260:
1258:Primitive road
1255:
1250:
1245:
1240:
1235:
1230:
1225:
1220:
1215:
1210:
1205:
1201:
1199:
1195:
1194:
1192:
1191:
1186:
1181:
1176:
1171:
1166:
1161:
1156:
1151:
1146:
1141:
1136:
1131:
1129:County highway
1126:
1124:Collector road
1121:
1115:
1113:
1109:
1108:
1106:
1105:
1100:
1098:United Kingdom
1095:
1090:
1085:
1080:
1075:
1070:
1065:
1060:
1055:
1050:
1045:
1040:
1035:
1033:Czech Republic
1030:
1025:
1020:
1015:
1010:
1005:
999:
997:
991:
990:
988:
987:
982:
977:
972:
966:
964:
962:Limited-access
955:
949:
948:
938:
937:
930:
923:
915:
907:
906:
888:
872:
852:"Braided Ramp"
839:
809:
789:
788:
786:
783:
782:
781:
775:
768:
766:
751:
744:
736:may be called
710:
707:
615:On almost all
612:
609:
576:level junction
563:Main article:
560:
557:
508:level crossing
503:
500:
498:
495:
438:
435:
434:
433:
429:
423:
418:
413:
402:
399:
398:
397:
391:
388:
385:
382:
379:
376:
371:
366:
335:
332:
330:
327:
256:United Kingdom
221:
218:
216:
213:
192:
189:
176:
173:
171:
168:
163:level crossing
38:Seven various
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2351:
2340:
2337:
2336:
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2208:Noise barrier
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2165:Cable barrier
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2114:Traffic lanes
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2054:Refuge island
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2019:Living street
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2014:
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1986:Climbing lane
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1888:Human factors
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1853:Traffic light
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1507:Michigan left
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1459:Intersections
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1408:Directional T
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1103:United States
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953:Types of road
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896:OpenStreetMap
892:
885:
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862:on 2020-03-06
861:
857:
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829:on 2018-10-13
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658:now owned by
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644:United States
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584:
581:In 1897, the
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381:Directional T
380:
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348:
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312:A plane on a
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238:United States
235:
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226:road junction
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191:Disadvantages
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167:
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109:, or airport
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49:
45:
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36:
30:
26:
21:
2233:Traffic cone
2223:Rumble strip
2124:Truck bypass
2079:Shared space
2039:Passing lane
2024:Managed lane
1981:Bicycle lane
1863:Washboarding
1858:Traffic sign
1783:Hairpin turn
1552:Texas U-turn
1482:Box junction
1381:
1376:Interchanges
1320:Route number
1228:Country lane
970:Bike freeway
891:
884:Network Rail
875:
864:. Retrieved
860:the original
855:
842:
831:. Retrieved
827:the original
822:
812:
793:
778:Central Park
722:Central Park
712:
688:
629:
614:
602:
595:
580:
568:
551:and even to
538:
526:Network Rail
511:
488:
484:
450:
448:
404:
349:(below) and
337:
303:free-flowing
302:
298:
296:
268:
263:
249:
233:
229:
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210:
202:
198:
194:
181:speed limits
178:
161:
155:
149:
145:intersection
143:
137:
133:
131:
91:traffic flow
82:
72:
2271:Performance
2203:Kassel kerb
2160:Botts' dots
2148:Demarcation
1848:Storm drain
1813:Road debris
1738:Aquaplaning
1731:environment
1719:Road safety
1597:Cobblestone
1547:Superstreet
1352:Winter road
1300:Concurrency
1293:Other terms
1284:Sunken lane
1253:Main street
1198:Local roads
754:Frank Gehry
734:underpasses
726:Netherlands
714:Footbridges
691:"area 1520"
553:street cars
428:interchange
246:New Zealand
139:interchange
127:underpasses
2273:indicators
2242:Structures
2193:Guard rail
2069:Road verge
1942:Seat belts
1878:Snowsquall
1843:Speed bump
1823:Road train
1644:Glassphalt
1584:Bioasphalt
1557:Turnaround
1532:Roundabout
1462:(at-grade)
1428:Roundabout
1393:Cloverleaf
1248:Green lane
1184:Trunk road
1112:Main roads
995:By country
866:2020-05-10
833:2010-10-09
785:References
756:-designed
549:light rail
506:See also:
476:Birmingham
426:Roundabout
251:slip roads
175:Advantages
119:overpasses
40:overpasses
2064:Road diet
1966:Space and
1911:Road rage
1798:Oil spill
1758:Crosswind
1748:Black ice
1743:Avalanche
1669:Permeable
1502:Jughandle
1497:Hook turn
1403:Free-flow
1347:Toll road
1266:Side road
1223:Boulevard
1179:Super two
1174:Ring road
1149:Link road
1048:Hong Kong
1003:Australia
945:hierarchy
758:BP bridge
636:Cleveland
605:'X' shape
530:Melbourne
460:ring road
316:over the
279:motorways
242:Australia
234:off ramps
185:accidents
136:or as an
99:footpaths
48:Barcelona
2333:Category
2252:Causeway
2089:Shoulder
1925:Vehicles
1873:Whiteout
1833:Rockfall
1828:Roadkill
1753:Bleeding
1729:Road and
1689:Sealcoat
1614:Corduroy
1602:Concrete
1592:Chipseal
1571:Surfaces
1423:Raindrop
1238:Driveway
1233:Dead end
1213:Backroad
1164:2+2 road
1159:2+1 road
1083:Portugal
1073:Pakistan
899:Archived
801:Archived
699:Liubotyn
634:through
497:Railways
464:Coventry
318:Autobahn
275:highways
271:freeways
220:Overview
151:at-grade
103:railways
87:junction
59:Xiaoshan
2155:Bollard
2139:Woonerf
1868:Washout
1808:Pothole
1721:factors
1709:Texture
1679:Plastic
1659:Macadam
1448:Trumpet
1398:Diamond
1169:Parkway
1144:Highway
1058:Ireland
1038:Germany
1028:Croatia
1008:Belgium
762:Chicago
738:tunnels
730:Denmark
718:subways
703:Ukraine
684:Conrail
543:of the
528:and in
518:bridges
480:Bristol
468:England
451:weaving
437:Weaving
314:taxiway
260:Ireland
170:Effects
123:tunnels
115:Bridges
111:runways
61:, China
29:Chicago
2248:Bridge
1932:Airbag
1704:Tarmac
1649:Gravel
1477:Bowtie
1418:Parclo
1342:Stroad
1305:Detour
1280:Street
1208:Avenue
1093:Taiwan
1078:Poland
1043:Greece
1018:Canada
1013:Brazil
682:, and
660:Amtrak
621:Taiwan
107:canals
1674:Plank
1588:Brick
1438:Stack
1204:Alley
1088:Spain
1068:Nepal
1063:Italy
1053:India
1023:China
668:SEPTA
625:Japan
329:Types
281:, or
248:) or
215:Roads
206:lifts
160:or a
95:roads
46:near
44:Spain
2184:Curb
2015:Lane
1778:Ford
1694:Sett
1634:Dirt
1262:Road
942:Road
752:The
728:and
716:and
654:and
640:Ohio
623:and
539:The
432:four
232:and
154:, a
125:(or
117:(or
1838:Rut
1773:Fog
1654:Ice
760:in
701:in
462:of
351:M23
347:M25
320:at
301:or
81:),
73:In
27:in
2335::
882:-
854:.
850:.
821:.
740:.
705:.
686:.
678:,
674:,
670:,
642:,
638:,
578:.
555:.
536:.
466:,
355:UK
305:.
277:,
273:,
266:.
258:,
244:,
240:,
230:on
187:.
148:,
113:.
105:,
101:,
97:,
1384:)
1380:(
934:e
927:t
920:v
869:.
836:.
357:.
254:(
236:(
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