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773:, in a message to some companions who wanted to put an end to their sexual life, pray all night long or fast continuously, Muhammad said: "Do not do that! Fast on some days and eat on others. Sleep part of the night, and stand in prayer another part. For your body has rights upon you, your eyes have a right upon you, your wife has a right upon you, your guest has a right upon you." Muhammad once exclaimed, repeating it three times: "Woe to those who exaggerate !" And, on another occasion, Muhammad said: "Moderation, moderation! For only with moderation will you succeed."
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role in promoting and financing the monastic movement. Monasteries served as a space for communal living for monks and nuns many operated under different ranges of severity for rules and punishment of disobedience towards practices that largely originated from the Desert
Fathers, these parameters were administer by a superior (Father/Mother). While the practices of female monastic communities varied, they were united by a commitment to a life of prayer, contemplation, and service to others.
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848:. The quality of life they lead is difficult because of the many constraints placed on them. They don't use a vehicle for commuting and always commute barefoot from one place to another, irrespective of the distance. They don't possess any materialistic things and also don't use the basic services like that of a phone, electricity etc. They don't prepare food and live only on what people offer them.
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900:) abstained from grape products, haircuts, and contact with the dead. However, they did not withdraw from general society, and they were permitted to marry and own property; moreover, in most cases a Nazirite vow was for a specified time period and not permanent. In Modern Hebrew, the term "Nazir" is most often used to refer to non-Jewish monastics.
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lay followers—providing laymen and women with the opportunity to earn merit by giving gifts and support to the bhikkhus. In return for the support of the laity, bhikkhus and bhikkhunis are expected to live an austere life focused on the study of
Buddhist doctrine, the practice of meditation, and the observance of good moral character.
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seems that it originated in more than one place with Egypt and Syria as important early centres. It has come to be regulated by religious rules (e.g. the Rule of St Basil, the Rule of St
Benedict) and, in modern times, the Church law of the respective apostolic Christian churches that have forms of monastic living.
1170:) as well as a smaller group of family acharyas. The monks and nuns are engaged in all kinds of direct services to society, so they have no scope for permanent retreat. They do have to follow strict celibacy, poverty and many other rules of conduct during as well as after they have completed their training.
299:, but are not responsible for living by the full set of monastic rules. Higher ordination, conferring the status of a full bhikkhu, is given only to men who are aged 20 or older. Bhikkhunis follow a similar progression, but are required to live as samaneras for longer periods of time, typically five years.
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in 1995, there are three significant similarities between Muslim and monastic spirituality. Firstly, the central place of obedience in the monastic tradition parallels the importance of surrender or submission in Islam. Secondly, similar to monastic communities which come together several times a day
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Then We caused Our messengers to follow in their footsteps; and We caused Isa(A.S.), son of Mariam, to follow, and gave him the Injil, and placed compassion and mercy in the hearts of those who followed him. But monasticism they invented – We ordained it not for them – only seeking Allah's pleasure,
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Teachings from
Shenoute of Atripe, an influential figure in the development of the monastic tradition in Egypt and for his writings on monastic life were also implemented throughout monasteries. Sometimes written in the masculine gender as if exclusively applicable to the male congregations, despite
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Islam does encourage one to abstain from pursuing the life of the world solely, but it does not obligate that believers must abandon the worldly life entirely, and this is known as zuhd in Islam. At best, the only monasticism of Islam is Jihad, as mentioned by Hadith and Tafsir. Imam Ahmad recorded
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Bhikkhus and bhikkhunis are expected to fulfill a variety of roles in the
Buddhist community. First and foremost, they are expected to preserve the doctrine and discipline now known as Buddhism. They are also expected to provide a living example for the laity, and to serve as a "field of merit" for
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Asceticism doesn't lie in ascetic robes, or in walking staff, nor in the ashes. Asceticism doesn't lie in the earring, nor in the shaven head, nor blowing a conch. Asceticism lies in remaining pure amidst impurities. Asceticism doesn't lie in mere words; He is an ascetic who treats everyone alike.
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Titles for monastics differ between the
Christian denominations. In Roman Catholicism and Anglicanism, monks and nuns are addressed as Brother (or Father, if ordained to the priesthood) or Mother, Sister, while in Eastern Orthodoxy, they are addressed as Father or Mother. Women pursuing a monastic
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During the fourth and fifth century monasticism allowed women to be removed from traditional lifestyles such as marriage and childbearing to live a life devoted to God. Guided by daily rules and lifestyle guidelines, monasticism afforded women great spiritual autonomy. Women also played a crucial
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Later, during 379 CE the first monastery for women was founded in
Jerusalem by Saint Melania the Elder. This was a significant moment in history: before then, female monasteries were solely adjunct to male monasteries, although the history of female ascetics predates even the earliest recognized
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Monasticism in
Christianity, which provides the origins of the words "monk" and "monastery", comprises several diverse forms of religious living. It began to develop early in the history of the Church, but is not mentioned in the scriptures. The precise origins of the movement are obscure but it
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had two types of followers, the auditors, and the elect. The elect lived apart from the auditors to concentrate on reducing the material influences of the world. They did this through strict celibacy, poverty, teaching, and preaching. Therefore, the elect were probably at least partially
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or reclusive in nature. Bhikkhus and bhikkunis were expected to live with a minimum of possessions, which were to be voluntarily provided by the lay community. Lay followers also provided the daily food that bhikkhus required, and provided shelter for bhikkhus when they needed it.
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from his wife. His wife got upset and spoke to
Muhammad about this. Muhammad reminded Uthman that he himself, as the Prophet, also had a family life, and that Uthman had a responsibility to his family and should not adopt monasticism as a form of religious practice.
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are expected to treat all with respect and compassion, whether a person may be poor or rich, good or wicked. They are also expected to be indifferent to praise, blame, pleasure, and pain. A sādhu can typically be recognized by his ochre-colored clothing. Generally,
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season, prescribed by the Buddha, gradually grew to encompass a settled monastic life centered on life in a community of practitioners. Most of the modern disciplinary rules followed by bhikkhus and bhikkhunis—as encoded in the
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renunciation. Some monastics live in monasteries, while others wander from place to place, trusting in God alone to provide for their physical needs. It is considered a highly meritorious act for a lay devotee to provide
844:, monasticism is encouraged and respected. Rules for monasticism are rather strict. A Jain ascetic has neither a permanent home nor any possessions, wandering barefoot from place to place except during the months of
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sponsors two monastic groups: the
Thousand-Headed Purusha for men and the Mother Divine for women. The US residences for the groups were in Heavenly Mountain, North Carolina. There is also a Purusha program at an
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In the West, the most significant development occurred when the rules for monastic communities were written down, the Rule of St Basil being credited with having been the first. The precise dating of the
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807:, the meditative reading of Sacred Scripture interpreted as God's word directed to the reader is echoed by the Muslim conviction that in and through the Qur'ān, God speaks to each individual.
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The Christian monk embraces the monastic life as a vocation from God. His objective is to imitate the life of Christ as far as possible in preparation for attaining eternal life after death.
261:—relate to such an existence, prescribing in great detail proper methods for living and relating in a community of bhikkhus or bhikkhunis. The number of rules observed varies with the order;
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that Anas bin Malik said that the Prophet said, "Every Prophet has Rahbaniyyah (monasticism); Jihad in the cause of Allah, the Exalted and Most Honored, is the Rahbaniyyah of this Ummah."
683:. Such renunciates are accorded high respect in Hindu society, because their outward renunciation of selfishness and worldliness serves as an inspiration to householders who strive for
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which were untouched from as early as 300 years before Christ until their discovery in 1946. Some scholars, however, dispute the notion that the Essenes wrote the Dead Sea Scrolls.
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The disciplinary regulations for bhikkhus and bhikkhunis are intended to create a life that is simple and focused, rather than one of deprivation or severe asceticism. However,
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1036:, which are commonly believed to be the Essenes' library—although there is no proof that the Essenes wrote them. These documents include multiple preserved copies of the
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Asceticism doesn't lie in visiting burial places, It lies not in wandering about, nor in bathing at places of pilgrimage. Asceticism is to remain pure amidst impurities.
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757:, both being two of the earliest converts to Islam. There is a Sunni narration that, out of religious devotion, Uthman bin Maz'oon decided to dedicate himself to
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Helvétius, Anne-Marie; Kaplan, Michel; Boud'hors, Anne; Debié, Muriel; Lesieur, Bénédicte; Boynton, Susan (2020), Beach, Alison I.; Cochelin, Isabelle (eds.),
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and have signed billion year contracts. Sea Org members live communally with lodging, food, clothing, and medical care provided by the Church.
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as a sin, it at the same time points out that man must share the moral responsibility by leading the life of a householder. According to
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and they observed it not with right observance. So We give those of them who believe their reward, but many of them are evil-livers.
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as one of the early "Hermit monks". Especially in the Middle East, eremitic monasticism continued to be common until the decline of
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442:(c. 350), and from this monastery the cenobitic tradition spread in Mesopotamia, Persia, Armenia, Georgia and even India and China.
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life are generally called nuns, religious sisters or, rarely, canonesses, while monastic men are called monks, friars or brothers.
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during his lifetime over 2500 years ago. This communal monastic lifestyle grew out of the lifestyle of earlier sects of wandering
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989:(the other two major sects at the time), the Essenes lived in various cities but congregated in communal life dedicated to
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have gained fame in modern times as a result of the discovery of an extensive group of religious documents known as the
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both specifically forbid the practice of monasticism. Hence there are no Sikh or Baháʼí monk conclaves or brotherhoods.
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form of living (in the spirit of the "Desert Theology" for the purpose of spiritual renewal and return to God). Saint
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Forest dwelling was a common practice in early Buddhism, and it is still followed by some Buddhist sects such as the
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1471:. Cambridge elements elements in religion in late antiquity. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 12–14.
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is believed to have a rich monastic history. Bön monasteries exist today, and the monks there practice Bön-Buddhism.
295:(novice). Novices often ordain at a young age, but generally no younger than eight. Samaneras live according to the
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owning personal property apart from a bowl, a cup, two sets of clothing and medical aids such as eyeglasses;
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1985. "The Monastic World: The Contributions of the Orders". pp. 36–66, in Evans, Joan (ed.). 1985.
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assembly. Initially consisting only of males, it grew to include females after the Buddha's stepmother,
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are a means of sanctifying the physical world. As further disseminated through the teachings of the
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997:, daily immersion (in mikvah), and abstinence from worldly pleasures, including (for some groups)
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pursuits to devote oneself fully to spiritual work. Monastic life plays an important role in many
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504:. It would become the most common rule throughout the Middle Ages and is still in use today. The
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that flourished from the second century BC to AD 100 which some scholars claim seceded from the
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Sacrifice In the Desert: A Study of an Egyptian Minority Through the Lens of Coptic Monasticism
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Muhammad told his companions to ease their burden and avoid excess. According to some Sunni
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1419:"Re-Reading Monastic Traditions: Monks and Nuns, East and West, from the Origins to c. 750"
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659:, detachment from worldly pursuits, and the contemplation of God. A Hindu monk is called a
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is problematic. It has been argued that it antedates the Rule of Saint Benedict created by
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female ascetic pioneers, such as Saint Mary of Egypt, who lived during the 5th century CE.
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the fact Shenoute commanded a federation that included both male and female congregations.
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of a different city or town. This practice was associated with, but not exclusive to, the
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does not encourage the monastic ideal of celibacy and poverty. To the contrary—all of the
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beliefs. These groups are collectively referred to by various scholars as the "Essenes".
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having any contact with, looking at, thinking of or even being in the presence of women;
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monks shave their heads except for a small patch of hair on the back of the head, while
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Public Domain Photochrom photographs, Abbeys, Cathedrals, Holy Sites and the Holy Land.
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Historyfish.net: texts and articles regarding the Western Christian monastic tradition.
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248:(Final Passing) of the Buddha, the Buddhist monastic order developed into a primarily
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2270:. Elements in Late Antique Religion 2. Cambridge: Camabridge University Press, 2023.
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for prayer, Muslims practices ritual prayer (salāt) five times a day. Finally, the
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117:. In other religions, monasticism is generally criticized and not practiced, as in
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Medieval Monasticism: Forms of Religious Life in Western Europe in the Middle Ages
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started to organize his many followers in what was to become the first Christian
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student going into self-imposed exile from his home and family to study in the
620:
551:, Germany is regarded by many historians and theologians as the "cradle of the
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records that Essenes existed in large numbers, and thousands lived throughout
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Transcendent in America:Hindu-Inspired Meditation Movements as New Religion
1883:
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1041:
1037:
911:
835:
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632:
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508:, due to its brevity, has been adopted by various communities, chiefly the
90:
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1504:
UNESCO World Heritage. Augustinian Monastery, Erfurt extension application
277:
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2683:
1525:"Just A Handful Of Hindus Know Adi Shankaracharya Revived Their Religion"
1347:
1186:
1179:
1001:. Many separate but related religious groups of that era shared similar
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725:
possessing or even touching money or valuables in any way, shape or form;
552:
497:
476:
439:
284:, asked for and received permission to live as an ordained practitioner.
252:
or communal movement. The practice of living communally during the rainy
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In fourth century Egypt, Christians felt called to a more reclusive or
258:
220:
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3841:
269:. There are a larger number of rules specified for bhikkhunis (nuns).
9401:
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982:
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450:
427:
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410:
402:
262:
249:
223:, some of whom the Buddha had studied under. It was initially fairly
149:
141:
66:
49:
3538:
3067:
2260:
Monasticism and the City in Late Antiquity and the Early Middle Ages
1928:
Proximity to Power and Jewish Sectarian Groups of the Ancient Period
1468:
Monasticism and the city in late antiquity and the early Middle Ages
9438:
9411:
9366:
9361:
8846:
8728:
8723:
8263:
8246:
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406:
324:
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110:
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82:
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maintains a "fraternal order" called the Sea Organization or just
693:
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9245:
9124:
9114:
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4528:
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3464:
3014:
2980:
2823:
2524:
2384:
Abbot Gasquet's English Monastic Life. Full Text + Illustrations.
1954:
1416:
1200:
1190:
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1147:
1126:
1065:
1057:
938:
870:
862:
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organized the monks of the Judean Desert in a monastery close to
435:
273:
190:
145:
137:
126:
7425:
1950:"Scholar: The Essenes, Dead Sea Scroll 'authors,' never existed"
578:
throughout Europe, the Anglo-Celtic Society of Nativitists, the
208:
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9416:
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9376:
9351:
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5341:
5219:
4493:
4248:
4238:
3892:
3853:
3695:
3303:
3273:
2997:
1423:
The Cambridge History of Medieval Monasticism in the Latin West
1279:
1243:
1214:
1109:
1076:, he discussed the true meaning of asceticism with some yogis.
1029:
927:
923:
799:
770:
746:
548:
383:
358:
266:
4439:
1173:
910:
A form of asceticism was practiced by some individuals in pre–
907:
of Ethiopia, a practice believed to date to the 15th century.
9315:
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9305:
9300:
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9195:
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866:
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689:
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253:
236:
133:
118:
2100:. (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1993 ), p. 220.
8767:
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8609:
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8483:
8463:
8453:
8418:
8362:
8315:
8231:
5669:
5558:
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2450:
2360:
Links to Coptic Orthodox Monasteries of Egypt and the world
1344:
Buddhist Dictionary, Manual of Buddhist Terms and Doctrines
1274:
1218:
1061:
974:
543:
among the people instead of being secluded in monasteries.
457:, which is considered the mother of all monasteries of the
306:
is a fundamental part of this form of monastic discipline.
194:
903:
Unique among Jewish communities is the monasticism of the
647:
goal of life, some Hindus choose the path of monasticism (
8555:
5568:
5533:
4208:
3587:
1983:"Scholar Claims Dead Sea Scrolls 'Authors' Never Existed"
1425:, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 40–72,
1222:
889:
776:
Monasticism is also mentioned in the following verse of
2433:"Woman" – The correct perspective for the monastic
1464:
424:, one of the oldest Christian monasteries in the world.
2493:
1146:
is a center of Taoist monasticism and the practice of
1048:
scholar, even questions the existence of the Essenes.
9427:
1899:(in Hebrew). Vol. 1. Estate of David Tidhar and
1124:
in Beijing, which houses a rare complete copy of the
888:
vows was a common feature of the religion. Nazirite
2275:
Living Together Alone: The New American Monasticism
1896:
Encyclopedia of the Founders and Builders of Israel
1465:Fafinski, Mateusz; Riemenschneider, Jakob (2023).
2237:"The Global Mother Divine Organization: About Us"
272:The Buddhist monastic order consists of the male
9487:
2306:. 2 vols., Chicago: Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers.
712:vow of renunciation typically forbids him from:
2043:The Encyclopedia of Sikhism (over 1000 Entries)
1707:Sexual Ethics in Islam and in the Western World
1133:
582:in France, the Eastern Orthodox monasteries of
570:, are developing in various places such as the
2257:Fafinski, Mateusz, and Jakob Riemenschneider.
2007:
1765:
737:Islam forbids the practice of monasticism. In
144:, or priories to separate themselves from the
105:traditions as well as in other faiths such as
8161:
7441:
2466:
2167:
2165:
1522:
981:priests. Being much fewer in number than the
789:—Qur'an Verse 27, Surah Al-Hadid (chapter 57)
1974:
1756:Qur'an Verse 27, Surah Al-Hadid (chapter 57)
1516:
651:). Monastics commit themselves to a life of
2348:The Hermits by Charles Kingsley (Gutenberg)
705:monks let their hair and beard grow uncut.
8168:
8154:
7448:
7434:
2473:
2459:
2207:"TM quiets mind, rests body says Erie man"
2171:
2162:
2076:. Discovery Publishing House. p. 55.
1926:Hillel Newman, Ph.D. Bar Ilan University:
1531:. Archived from the original on 3 May 2014
918:communities. Its principal expression was
500:monasteries he had founded as part of the
2065:
2063:
2017:. Jim West. 15 March 2009. Archived from
1703:
125:, or plays a marginal role, as in modern
4988:
2313:. London: World University Library, 1969
2140:"gaya/佛教圖書館館訊/第二十一／二十二期/關於臺灣佛教寺院調查之出版概論"
1766:Skudlarek, OSB, William (2 April 2020).
1360:
1358:
1356:
1137:
818:
614:
357:
334:
319:
230:
169:
6280:
2292:. Lanham: University Press of America.
2204:
1915:Second Thoughts on the Dead Sea Scrolls
884:, about two thousand years ago, taking
586:, New York, and the mainly Evangelical
467:was founded between 527 and 565 in the
347:, the "Father of Christian Monasticism"
14:
9488:
8175:
2069:
2060:
2039:
2015:"Rachel Elior Responds to Her Critics"
1980:
1882:
1796:
1649:"33. How Does Islam View Monasticism?"
265:bhikkhus follow around 227 rules, the
8149:
7937:Anekdote zur Senkung der Arbeitsmoral
7429:
6279:
5437:
4987:
2492:
2454:
2150:from the original on 16 December 2010
1947:
1778:from the original on 25 February 2024
1497:
1394:. Buddhistchannel.tv. 28 April 2009.
1372:from the original on 28 November 2010
1353:
56: 'solitary, monastic'; from
2429:Immaculate Heart of Mary's Hermitage
1803:(in Arabic and English). p. 60.
1398:from the original on 23 January 2011
1813:
1588:The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary
1325:from the original on 8 October 2014
897:
728:maintaining personal relationships.
635:, an eighth-century CE reformer of
559:lived as a monk from 1505 to 1511.
85:way of life in which one renounces
24:
8376:
6249:Religions and spiritual traditions
2495:Religious groups and denominations
2302:Johnston, William M. (ed.). 2000.
2251:
1888:"Rabbi Yechiel Michel Tucazinsky"
1768:"Monastic Interreligious Dialogue"
1485:from the original on 16 April 2024
1239:Transcendental Meditation movement
631:tradition. The title derives from
576:Monastic Fraternities of Jerusalem
362:Coptic monks between 1898 and 1914
207:, means 'beggar; one who lives by
25:
9517:
7455:
2341:
2335:The Flowering of the Middle Ages.
1523:Aditya Thakur (1 November 2014).
1447:from the original on 17 June 2021
826:Jain monks renounce all clothing.
343:in Egypt, built over the tomb of
9473:
9461:
9449:
9437:
7409:
7400:
7399:
7213:Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
6355:Democratic Republic of the Congo
2435: – An eastern point of view
2217:from the original on 6 June 2011
2205:Massing, Dana (11 August 2007).
1655:from the original on 14 May 2024
961:: Εσσηνοι, Εσσαιοι, or Οσσαιοι;
882:Destruction of the Second Temple
798:laid out in a conference of the
692:with food or other necessaries.
496:, Italy (c. 529), and the other
5820:Evolutionary origin of religion
2320:(3rd ed.). New York: Longmans.
2229:
2198:
2132:
2114:
2103:
2090:
2073:Sikhism and Indian Civilization
2033:
1941:
1920:
1907:
1876:
1873:(Back Bay Books, 1998), p. 780.
1860:
1847:
1834:
1807:
1759:
1750:
1724:
1697:
1667:
1641:
1620:
1600:
1577:
512:. Around the 12th century, the
309:
6171:Separation of church and state
4829:Polytheistic reconstructionism
2337:London: Thames and Hudson Ltd.
1557:
1458:
1410:
1384:
1337:
1307:
1158:has both monks and nuns (i.e.
623:– heads of monasteries called
13:
1:
7958:The Moon and the Sledgehammer
3827:Traditional Sabahan religions
2239:. gmdousa.org. Archived from
2046:. Hemkunt Press. p. 22.
1981:McGirk, Tim (16 March 2009).
1948:Ilani, Ofri (13 March 2009).
1300:
1252:Global Country of World Peace
643:In their quest to attain the
291:A bhikkhu first ordains as a
2480:
1842:Mishne Torah Hilkhot Nazirut
1134:Other religions or movements
922:, the practice of a married
93:churches, especially in the
73: 'alone'), also called
7:
6029:National religiosity levels
5254:Nauruan Indigenous religion
4809:Hellenism (modern religion)
2304:Encyclopedia of Monasticism
1704:Mutahhari, Murtada (2011).
1258:
596:
465:Saint Catherine's Monastery
235:Young Buddhist bhikkhus in
159:
10:
9522:
5438:
2277:. Harper & Row, 1979.
1917:. Paternoster Press, 1956.
1608:Hinduism: Past and Present
1130:, the major Taoist Canon.
1108:Throughout the centuries,
1097:
1051:
855:
851:
829:
814:
600:
422:Monastery of Saint Anthony
341:Monastery of Saint Anthony
313:
163:
148:world, unless they are in
59:
42:
9339:
9188:
9090:
8992:
8956:
8781:
8517:
8387:
8374:
8184:
7995:
7928:
7877:
7771:
7715:
7707:Twelve Tribes communities
7614:
7463:
7395:
7314:
7231:
7103:
6848:
6573:
6290:
6286:
6275:
6184:
6109:
5885:
5793:
5730:
5448:
5444:
5433:
4996:
4983:
4908:
4731:
4713:Transcendental Meditation
4606:
4593:
4558:
4306:
4283:
4272:
4199:
4162:
3906:
3802:
3784:
3728:
3719:
3636:
3564:
3415:
3406:
3364:
3336:
3294:
3227:
3218:
3209:
3175:
3142:
3114:
3105:
3055:
2922:
2609:
2523:
2514:
2505:
2501:
2488:
2413:28 September 2006 at the
2172:Williamson, Lola (2010).
1890:הרב יחיאל מיכל טוקצ'ינסקי
1549:: CS1 maint: unfit URL (
1431:10.1017/9781107323742.003
1193:. They work only for the
1093:
950:
562:Today new expressions of
545:St. Augustine's Monastery
398:in the late Middle Ages.
186:or community of ordained
6340:Central African Republic
3374:Vietnamese folk religion
2765:Charismatic Christianity
2425:14 February 2021 at the
2389:23 February 2009 at the
2365:24 February 2005 at the
2353:21 February 2021 at the
1889:
1797:Ibn Kathir. "Al-Hadid".
1630:112 (Viveka Press 1994)
1567:112 (Viveka Press 1994)
1392:"The Bhikkhuni question"
732:
276:assembly and the female
7697:Testimony of simplicity
7615:Religious and spiritual
7576:Subsistence agriculture
7571:Slow movement (culture)
6234:New religious movements
5872:Theories about religion
5825:Evolutionary psychology
4854:Modern Finnish paganism
2841:Independent Catholicism
1814:Singhvi, Mrs. Sushila.
1513:(Accessed: 29 May 2017)
1319:Encyclopedia Britannica
572:Bose Monastic Community
430:founded a monastery on
215:(nuns) were founded by
132:Many monastics live in
8381:
8028:Appropriate technology
7586:Sustainable sanitation
7531:Low-impact development
6883:Bosnia and Herzegovina
4869:Erzyan native religion
4718:Unitarian Universalism
4107:Native American Church
2885:Oneness Pentecostalism
2408:History of Monasticism
2401:4 January 2009 at the
2377:2 January 2009 at the
2316:Lawrence, C. H. 2001.
2096:Schipper, Kristopher.
1903:Libraries. p. 79.
1871:There Once Was a World
1628:Essentials of Hinduism
1565:Essentials of Hinduism
1151:
1091:
875:Yisrael Ba'al Shem Tov
827:
792:
640:
539:chose to live in city
475:, by order of Emperor
363:
348:
332:
239:
179:
8380:
7944:Escape from Affluenza
7521:Intentional community
7203:Saint Kitts and Nevis
6500:São Tomé and Príncipe
6360:Republic of the Congo
4566:Aboriginal Australian
3237:Chinese folk religion
2444:30 April 2021 at the
2439:American Benedictines
2311:Christian Monasticism
2265:16 April 2024 at the
2180:. NYU Press. p.
2040:Singha, H.S. (2000).
1816:"Jainism At A Glance"
1626:Swami Bhaskarananda,
1610:316 (Princeton 1998)
1563:Swami Bhaskarananda,
1509:4 August 2017 at the
1368:. En.dhammadana.org.
1195:Church of Scientology
1141:
1118:White Cloud Monastery
1104:White Cloud Monastery
1098:Further information:
1078:
822:
782:
619:A meeting of various
618:
564:Christian monasticism
547:, founded in 1277 in
492:for his monastery in
447:Sabbas the Sanctified
417:in the East include:
361:
338:
323:
316:Christian monasticism
234:
176:Thai Forest Tradition
173:
27:Religious way of life
8605:Raising hands in Dua
8068:Front Porch Republic
8058:Ecological footprint
7878:Modern-day adherents
6825:United Arab Emirates
5616:Religious experience
4990:Historical religions
3394:Đạo Bửu Sơn Kỳ Hương
2726:Schwenkfelder Church
2288:Gruber, Mark. 2003.
2243:on 30 November 2011.
2070:Pruthi, Raj (2004).
1651:. 22 December 2021.
1366:"What is a bhikkhu?"
1228:Way of Former Heaven
753:. He was married to
722:eating for pleasure;
671:. A nun is called a
603:Dashanami Sampradaya
566:, many of which are
502:Order of St Benedict
453:(483), now known as
327:monk praying in his
166:Buddhist monasticism
8135:Work–life interface
8018:Anarcho-primitivism
7859:Henry David Thoreau
7743:Open Source Ecology
7218:Trinidad and Tobago
7113:Antigua and Barbuda
6281:Religion by country
5342:Cult of Magna Mater
3864:Philippine Dayawism
3445:Nimbarka Sampradaya
3193:Chinese Manichaeism
2865:Jehovah's Witnesses
2670:Proto-Protestantism
2273:Fracchia, Charles.
1685:on 19 February 2014
1679:www.inter-islam.org
880:However, until the
796:Christian de Chergé
396:Syriac Christianity
8382:
8093:Intentional living
7979:Small Is Beautiful
7854:George Skene Keith
7702:Tolstoyan movement
7601:War tax resistance
7581:Sustainable living
7153:Dominican Republic
6199:Abrahamic prophets
5293:Proto-Indo-Iranian
3837:Aliran Kepercayaan
3040:Non-denominational
2962:Modernist Salafism
2648:Oriental Orthodoxy
1800:Tafseer Ibn Kathir
1732:"The Ideal Muslim"
1152:
1122:Dragon Gate Taoism
828:
761:and take a vow of
755:Khawlah bint Hakim
743:Uthman bin Maz'oon
641:
555:", as it is where
490:Benedict of Nursia
486:Rule of the Master
364:
349:
333:
240:
180:
9506:Clerical celibacy
9425:
9424:
9160:Sufis persecution
8202:Al-Insān al-Kāmil
8143:
8142:
8103:Rainbow Gathering
7972:The Power of Half
7965:Mother Earth News
7784:Ernest Callenbach
7716:Secular movements
7423:
7422:
7391:
7390:
7387:
7386:
6375:Equatorial Guinea
6271:
6270:
6267:
6266:
5810:Cognitive science
5429:
5428:
5362:Mysteries of Isis
5136:Frankish paganism
4979:
4978:
4975:
4974:
4971:
4970:
4723:White Brotherhood
4589:
4588:
4554:
4553:
3898:Sundanese Wiwitan
3715:
3714:
3711:
3710:
3440:Brahma Sampradaya
3402:
3401:
3205:
3204:
3201:
3200:
3183:Assianism/Uatsdin
3101:
3100:
2870:British Israelism
2856:Nontrinitarianism
2819:Plymouth Brethren
2814:Nondenominational
2748:Congregationalism
2636:Eastern Orthodoxy
2584:Reconstructionist
2331:Zarnecki, George.
2191:978-0-8147-9450-0
2083:978-81-7141-879-4
2053:978-81-7010-301-1
1717:978-1-904063-46-9
1478:978-1-108-98931-2
1440:978-1-107-04211-7
1100:Taoist philosophy
995:voluntary poverty
794:Nevertheless, as
741:, one example is
401:Around 318 Saint
388:Anthony the Great
211:'), and original
154:missionary orders
16:(Redirected from
9513:
9478:
9477:
9476:
9466:
9465:
9454:
9453:
9452:
9442:
9441:
9433:
9150:Sufi metaphysics
9106:
9048:
8939:
8907:
8895:
8833:
8821:
8809:
8747:
8720:
8708:
8696:
8684:
8657:
8645:
8623:
8581:
8569:
8552:
8540:
8415:
8403:
8359:
8296:Nass al-Houdhour
8287:
8260:
8170:
8163:
8156:
8147:
8146:
8043:Critique of work
8023:Anti-consumerism
7890:Robin Greenfield
7849:E. F. Schumacher
7789:G. K. Chesterton
7723:Back-to-the-land
7561:Self-sufficiency
7501:Forest gardening
7450:
7443:
7436:
7427:
7426:
7413:
7403:
7402:
7281:Papua New Guinea
7256:Marshall Islands
7083:Northern Ireland
6288:
6287:
6277:
6276:
6161:Secular theology
6156:Secular humanism
5446:
5445:
5435:
5434:
5310:Ancestral Pueblo
4985:
4984:
4604:
4603:
4281:
4280:
3726:
3725:
3482:Shaiva Siddhanta
3413:
3412:
3346:Korean shamanism
3225:
3224:
3216:
3215:
3112:
3111:
3025:Mahdawi movement
2895:Swedenborgianism
2875:Christadelphians
2521:
2520:
2512:
2511:
2503:
2502:
2490:
2489:
2475:
2468:
2461:
2452:
2451:
2309:Knowles, David.
2245:
2244:
2233:
2227:
2226:
2224:
2222:
2202:
2196:
2195:
2179:
2169:
2160:
2159:
2157:
2155:
2136:
2130:
2129:
2128:on 31 July 2013.
2124:. Archived from
2118:
2112:
2110:全真道是道教发展史上的一个革新派
2107:
2101:
2094:
2088:
2087:
2067:
2058:
2057:
2037:
2031:
2030:
2028:
2026:
2021:on 21 March 2009
2011:
2005:
2004:
2002:
2000:
1995:on 20 March 2009
1991:. Archived from
1978:
1972:
1971:
1969:
1967:
1962:on 18 April 2010
1958:. Archived from
1945:
1939:
1924:
1918:
1911:
1905:
1904:
1880:
1874:
1864:
1858:
1851:
1845:
1838:
1832:
1831:
1829:
1827:
1818:. Archived from
1811:
1805:
1804:
1794:
1788:
1787:
1785:
1783:
1763:
1757:
1754:
1748:
1747:
1745:
1743:
1738:on 23 March 2013
1734:. Archived from
1728:
1722:
1721:
1701:
1695:
1694:
1692:
1690:
1681:. Archived from
1671:
1665:
1664:
1662:
1660:
1645:
1639:
1624:
1618:
1604:
1598:
1581:
1575:
1561:
1555:
1554:
1548:
1540:
1538:
1536:
1520:
1514:
1501:
1495:
1494:
1492:
1490:
1462:
1456:
1455:
1454:
1452:
1414:
1408:
1407:
1405:
1403:
1388:
1382:
1381:
1379:
1377:
1362:
1351:
1341:
1335:
1334:
1332:
1330:
1311:
1270:Double monastery
1162:male and female
1144:Wudang Mountains
1089:
1034:Dead Sea Scrolls
973:) were a Jewish
952:
916:Ashkenazi Jewish
899:
832:Jain monasticism
537:mendicant orders
530:Servants of Mary
506:Augustinian Rule
459:Eastern Orthodox
70:
63:
53:
46:
21:
9521:
9520:
9516:
9515:
9514:
9512:
9511:
9510:
9486:
9485:
9484:
9474:
9472:
9460:
9450:
9448:
9436:
9428:
9426:
9421:
9335:
9184:
9175:Sufi psychology
9165:Sufi philosophy
9145:Sufi literature
9100:
9086:
9042:
8988:
8952:
8933:
8901:
8889:
8827:
8815:
8803:
8777:
8741:
8714:
8702:
8690:
8678:
8651:
8639:
8617:
8575:
8563:
8546:
8534:
8513:
8409:
8397:
8383:
8372:
8353:
8351:The Seven ranks
8281:
8254:
8180:
8174:
8144:
8139:
8073:Green anarchism
7991:
7924:
7873:
7772:Notable writers
7767:
7763:Transition town
7711:
7667:New Monasticism
7610:
7459:
7454:
7424:
7419:
7383:
7310:
7291:Solomon Islands
7227:
7099:
7003:North Macedonia
6844:
6569:
6282:
6263:
6224:Mass gatherings
6192:
6187:
6180:
6119:
6114:
6105:
6044:Religiocentrism
6024:National church
5892:
5889:
5881:
5796:
5789:
5726:
5648:Bodies of water
5440:
5425:
5210:Jamaican Maroon
4992:
4967:
4904:
4734:
4727:
4598:
4596:
4585:
4550:
4524:Trinidad Orisha
4309:
4302:
4275:
4268:
4195:
4158:
3909:
3902:
3798:
3780:
3707:
3681:Srilankan Vedda
3632:
3560:
3435:Sri Vaishnavism
3398:
3360:
3332:
3290:
3197:
3171:
3138:
3097:
3051:
2976:Twelver Shi'ism
2918:
2780:Neo-charismatic
2753:Presbyterianism
2605:
2497:
2484:
2479:
2446:Wayback Machine
2427:Wayback Machine
2415:Wayback Machine
2403:Wayback Machine
2391:Wayback Machine
2379:Wayback Machine
2367:Wayback Machine
2355:Wayback Machine
2344:
2267:Wayback Machine
2254:
2252:Further reading
2249:
2248:
2235:
2234:
2230:
2220:
2218:
2211:Erie Times-News
2203:
2199:
2192:
2170:
2163:
2153:
2151:
2144:www.gaya.org.tw
2138:
2137:
2133:
2122:"论宋元道教的社会化存在形态"
2120:
2119:
2115:
2108:
2104:
2098:The Taoist Body
2095:
2091:
2084:
2068:
2061:
2054:
2038:
2034:
2024:
2022:
2013:
2012:
2008:
1998:
1996:
1979:
1975:
1965:
1963:
1946:
1942:
1925:
1921:
1912:
1908:
1891:
1881:
1877:
1865:
1861:
1855:Hilkhot Nazirut
1852:
1848:
1839:
1835:
1825:
1823:
1822:on 26 July 2011
1812:
1808:
1795:
1791:
1781:
1779:
1772:Paulist Fathers
1764:
1760:
1755:
1751:
1741:
1739:
1730:
1729:
1725:
1718:
1702:
1698:
1688:
1686:
1675:"Hazrat Sawdah"
1673:
1672:
1668:
1658:
1656:
1647:
1646:
1642:
1625:
1621:
1606:Alex Michaels,
1605:
1601:
1590:(5th ed. 1999)
1582:
1578:
1562:
1558:
1542:
1541:
1534:
1532:
1521:
1517:
1511:Wayback Machine
1502:
1498:
1488:
1486:
1479:
1463:
1459:
1450:
1448:
1441:
1415:
1411:
1401:
1399:
1390:
1389:
1385:
1375:
1373:
1364:
1363:
1354:
1342:
1338:
1328:
1326:
1313:
1312:
1308:
1303:
1290:Religious order
1261:
1211:Quanzhen School
1136:
1114:Quanzhen School
1106:
1096:
1090:
1087:
1084:
1054:
860:
854:
838:
830:Main articles:
817:
735:
629:Advaita Vedanta
613:
599:
591:New Monasticism
580:Taizé Community
469:Sinai Peninsula
318:
312:
168:
162:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
9519:
9509:
9508:
9503:
9498:
9483:
9482:
9470:
9458:
9446:
9423:
9422:
9420:
9419:
9414:
9409:
9404:
9399:
9394:
9389:
9384:
9379:
9374:
9369:
9364:
9359:
9354:
9349:
9343:
9341:
9337:
9336:
9334:
9333:
9328:
9323:
9318:
9313:
9308:
9303:
9298:
9293:
9288:
9283:
9278:
9273:
9268:
9263:
9258:
9253:
9248:
9243:
9238:
9233:
9228:
9223:
9218:
9213:
9208:
9203:
9198:
9192:
9190:
9186:
9185:
9183:
9182:
9177:
9172:
9167:
9162:
9157:
9152:
9147:
9142:
9140:Sufism history
9137:
9135:Sufi cosmology
9132:
9127:
9122:
9117:
9112:
9107:
9094:
9092:
9088:
9087:
9085:
9084:
9079:
9074:
9069:
9064:
9059:
9054:
9049:
9037:
9032:
9027:
9022:
9017:
9012:
9007:
9002:
8996:
8994:
8990:
8989:
8987:
8986:
8981:
8976:
8971:
8966:
8960:
8958:
8954:
8953:
8951:
8950:
8945:
8940:
8928:
8923:
8918:
8913:
8908:
8896:
8884:
8879:
8874:
8869:
8864:
8859:
8854:
8849:
8844:
8839:
8834:
8822:
8810:
8798:
8793:
8787:
8785:
8779:
8778:
8776:
8775:
8770:
8765:
8764:
8763:
8753:
8748:
8736:
8731:
8726:
8721:
8709:
8697:
8685:
8673:
8668:
8666:Sufism pillars
8663:
8658:
8646:
8634:
8629:
8627:Salat al-Fatih
8624:
8612:
8607:
8602:
8597:
8592:
8587:
8582:
8570:
8558:
8553:
8541:
8529:
8523:
8521:
8515:
8514:
8512:
8511:
8506:
8501:
8496:
8491:
8486:
8481:
8476:
8474:Lataif-e-Sitta
8471:
8466:
8461:
8456:
8451:
8446:
8441:
8436:
8431:
8426:
8421:
8416:
8407:Aayane Thabita
8404:
8391:
8389:
8385:
8384:
8375:
8373:
8371:
8370:
8365:
8360:
8348:
8343:
8338:
8333:
8328:
8323:
8318:
8313:
8308:
8303:
8298:
8293:
8288:
8276:
8271:
8266:
8261:
8249:
8244:
8239:
8234:
8229:
8224:
8219:
8214:
8209:
8204:
8199:
8194:
8188:
8186:
8182:
8181:
8173:
8172:
8165:
8158:
8150:
8141:
8140:
8138:
8137:
8132:
8130:Sustainability
8127:
8122:
8117:
8115:Low-technology
8112:
8107:
8106:
8105:
8100:
8090:
8085:
8083:Global warming
8080:
8075:
8070:
8065:
8060:
8055:
8050:
8045:
8040:
8035:
8030:
8025:
8020:
8015:
8010:
8005:
7999:
7997:
7993:
7992:
7990:
7989:
7982:
7975:
7968:
7961:
7954:
7947:
7940:
7932:
7930:
7926:
7925:
7923:
7922:
7917:
7912:
7907:
7902:
7900:Pentti Linkola
7897:
7892:
7887:
7881:
7879:
7875:
7874:
7872:
7871:
7866:
7861:
7856:
7851:
7846:
7841:
7836:
7831:
7826:
7821:
7816:
7814:Harlan Hubbard
7811:
7809:Tom Hodgkinson
7806:
7801:
7799:Mahatma Gandhi
7796:
7791:
7786:
7781:
7775:
7773:
7769:
7768:
7766:
7765:
7760:
7755:
7750:
7745:
7740:
7735:
7730:
7725:
7719:
7717:
7713:
7712:
7710:
7709:
7704:
7699:
7694:
7689:
7684:
7679:
7674:
7669:
7664:
7659:
7654:
7649:
7647:Jesus movement
7644:
7639:
7634:
7629:
7624:
7618:
7616:
7612:
7611:
7609:
7608:
7603:
7598:
7593:
7588:
7583:
7578:
7573:
7568:
7563:
7558:
7553:
7548:
7543:
7538:
7533:
7528:
7526:Local currency
7523:
7518:
7513:
7508:
7503:
7498:
7493:
7488:
7483:
7478:
7473:
7467:
7465:
7461:
7460:
7453:
7452:
7445:
7438:
7430:
7421:
7420:
7418:
7417:
7407:
7396:
7393:
7392:
7389:
7388:
7385:
7384:
7382:
7381:
7376:
7371:
7366:
7361:
7356:
7351:
7346:
7341:
7336:
7331:
7326:
7320:
7318:
7312:
7311:
7309:
7308:
7303:
7298:
7293:
7288:
7283:
7278:
7273:
7268:
7263:
7258:
7253:
7248:
7243:
7237:
7235:
7229:
7228:
7226:
7225:
7220:
7215:
7210:
7205:
7200:
7195:
7190:
7185:
7180:
7175:
7170:
7165:
7160:
7155:
7150:
7145:
7140:
7135:
7130:
7125:
7120:
7115:
7109:
7107:
7101:
7100:
7098:
7097:
7096:
7095:
7090:
7085:
7080:
7073:United Kingdom
7070:
7065:
7060:
7055:
7050:
7045:
7040:
7035:
7030:
7025:
7020:
7015:
7010:
7005:
7000:
6995:
6990:
6985:
6980:
6975:
6970:
6965:
6960:
6955:
6950:
6945:
6940:
6935:
6930:
6925:
6920:
6915:
6910:
6905:
6900:
6895:
6890:
6885:
6880:
6875:
6870:
6865:
6860:
6854:
6852:
6846:
6845:
6843:
6842:
6837:
6832:
6827:
6822:
6817:
6812:
6807:
6802:
6797:
6792:
6787:
6782:
6777:
6772:
6767:
6762:
6757:
6752:
6747:
6742:
6737:
6732:
6727:
6722:
6717:
6712:
6707:
6702:
6701:
6700:
6695:
6685:
6680:
6675:
6670:
6665:
6660:
6655:
6650:
6645:
6640:
6635:
6630:
6625:
6620:
6615:
6610:
6605:
6600:
6595:
6590:
6585:
6579:
6577:
6571:
6570:
6568:
6567:
6562:
6557:
6552:
6547:
6542:
6537:
6532:
6527:
6522:
6517:
6512:
6507:
6502:
6497:
6492:
6487:
6482:
6477:
6472:
6467:
6462:
6457:
6452:
6447:
6442:
6437:
6432:
6427:
6422:
6417:
6412:
6407:
6402:
6397:
6392:
6387:
6382:
6377:
6372:
6367:
6362:
6357:
6352:
6347:
6342:
6337:
6332:
6327:
6322:
6317:
6312:
6307:
6302:
6296:
6294:
6284:
6283:
6273:
6272:
6269:
6268:
6265:
6264:
6262:
6261:
6256:
6251:
6246:
6241:
6236:
6231:
6226:
6221:
6216:
6211:
6206:
6201:
6195:
6193:
6185:
6182:
6181:
6179:
6178:
6173:
6168:
6166:Secularization
6163:
6158:
6153:
6148:
6146:Deconstruction
6143:
6138:
6133:
6128:
6122:
6120:
6110:
6107:
6106:
6104:
6103:
6098:
6097:
6096:
6091:
6086:
6076:
6071:
6066:
6061:
6056:
6051:
6046:
6041:
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5999:Fundamentalism
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5477:
5475:Call to prayer
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5460:Disaffiliation
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5165:
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5158:Greco-Buddhism
5155:
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4519:Tambor de Mina
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4296:Guanche church
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4201:Tibeto-Burmese
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4117:Nuu-chah-nulth
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3812:Batak Parmalim
3808:
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3124:Ilm-e-Khshnoom
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2861:Bible Students
2853:
2848:
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2831:Restorationism
2828:
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2787:Evangelicalism
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2343:
2342:External links
2340:
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1710:. ICAS Press.
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1044:, a prominent
1007:eschatological
947:Ancient Hebrew
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850:
816:
813:
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790:
734:
731:
730:
729:
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621:Shankaracharya
598:
595:
574:in Italy, the
510:Canons Regular
481:
480:
462:
443:
425:
314:Main article:
311:
308:
217:Gautama Buddha
164:Main article:
161:
158:
123:Zoroastrianism
26:
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9231:Jama'at Khana
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9206:Datuk Keramat
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9180:Sufi whirling
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8964:Antinomianism
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8197:Ahl al-Khutwa
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8078:The good life
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7951:The Good Life
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7910:Peace Pilgrim
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7895:Ted Kaczynski
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7844:Dugald Semple
7842:
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7834:Peace Pilgrim
7832:
7830:
7829:Scott Nearing
7827:
7825:
7824:Helen Nearing
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7807:
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7804:Richard Gregg
7802:
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7782:
7780:
7779:Wendell Berry
7777:
7776:
7774:
7770:
7764:
7761:
7759:
7756:
7754:
7751:
7749:
7746:
7744:
7741:
7739:
7736:
7734:
7733:Environmental
7731:
7729:
7726:
7724:
7721:
7720:
7718:
7714:
7708:
7705:
7703:
7700:
7698:
7695:
7693:
7690:
7688:
7685:
7683:
7680:
7678:
7675:
7673:
7670:
7668:
7665:
7663:
7660:
7658:
7655:
7653:
7650:
7648:
7645:
7643:
7640:
7638:
7635:
7633:
7630:
7628:
7625:
7623:
7620:
7619:
7617:
7613:
7607:
7604:
7602:
7599:
7597:
7596:Vegetarianism
7594:
7592:
7589:
7587:
7584:
7582:
7579:
7577:
7574:
7572:
7569:
7567:
7564:
7562:
7559:
7557:
7554:
7552:
7549:
7547:
7544:
7542:
7539:
7537:
7534:
7532:
7529:
7527:
7524:
7522:
7519:
7517:
7514:
7512:
7509:
7507:
7504:
7502:
7499:
7497:
7494:
7492:
7489:
7487:
7484:
7482:
7479:
7477:
7474:
7472:
7469:
7468:
7466:
7462:
7458:
7457:Simple living
7451:
7446:
7444:
7439:
7437:
7432:
7431:
7428:
7416:
7412:
7408:
7406:
7398:
7397:
7394:
7380:
7377:
7375:
7372:
7370:
7367:
7365:
7362:
7360:
7357:
7355:
7352:
7350:
7347:
7345:
7342:
7340:
7337:
7335:
7332:
7330:
7327:
7325:
7322:
7321:
7319:
7317:
7316:South America
7313:
7307:
7304:
7302:
7299:
7297:
7294:
7292:
7289:
7287:
7284:
7282:
7279:
7277:
7274:
7272:
7269:
7267:
7264:
7262:
7259:
7257:
7254:
7252:
7249:
7247:
7244:
7242:
7239:
7238:
7236:
7234:
7230:
7224:
7223:United States
7221:
7219:
7216:
7214:
7211:
7209:
7206:
7204:
7201:
7199:
7196:
7194:
7191:
7189:
7186:
7184:
7181:
7179:
7176:
7174:
7171:
7169:
7166:
7164:
7161:
7159:
7156:
7154:
7151:
7149:
7146:
7144:
7141:
7139:
7136:
7134:
7131:
7129:
7126:
7124:
7121:
7119:
7116:
7114:
7111:
7110:
7108:
7106:
7105:North America
7102:
7094:
7091:
7089:
7086:
7084:
7081:
7079:
7076:
7075:
7074:
7071:
7069:
7066:
7064:
7061:
7059:
7056:
7054:
7051:
7049:
7046:
7044:
7041:
7039:
7036:
7034:
7031:
7029:
7026:
7024:
7021:
7019:
7016:
7014:
7011:
7009:
7006:
7004:
7001:
6999:
6996:
6994:
6991:
6989:
6986:
6984:
6981:
6979:
6976:
6974:
6971:
6969:
6966:
6964:
6963:Liechtenstein
6961:
6959:
6956:
6954:
6951:
6949:
6946:
6944:
6941:
6939:
6936:
6934:
6931:
6929:
6926:
6924:
6921:
6919:
6916:
6914:
6911:
6909:
6906:
6904:
6901:
6899:
6896:
6894:
6891:
6889:
6886:
6884:
6881:
6879:
6876:
6874:
6871:
6869:
6866:
6864:
6861:
6859:
6856:
6855:
6853:
6851:
6847:
6841:
6838:
6836:
6833:
6831:
6828:
6826:
6823:
6821:
6818:
6816:
6813:
6811:
6808:
6806:
6803:
6801:
6798:
6796:
6793:
6791:
6788:
6786:
6783:
6781:
6778:
6776:
6773:
6771:
6768:
6766:
6763:
6761:
6758:
6756:
6753:
6751:
6748:
6746:
6743:
6741:
6738:
6736:
6733:
6731:
6728:
6726:
6723:
6721:
6718:
6716:
6713:
6711:
6708:
6706:
6703:
6699:
6696:
6694:
6691:
6690:
6689:
6686:
6684:
6681:
6679:
6676:
6674:
6671:
6669:
6666:
6664:
6661:
6659:
6656:
6654:
6651:
6649:
6646:
6644:
6641:
6639:
6636:
6634:
6631:
6629:
6626:
6624:
6621:
6619:
6616:
6614:
6611:
6609:
6606:
6604:
6601:
6599:
6596:
6594:
6591:
6589:
6586:
6584:
6581:
6580:
6578:
6576:
6572:
6566:
6563:
6561:
6558:
6556:
6553:
6551:
6548:
6546:
6543:
6541:
6538:
6536:
6533:
6531:
6528:
6526:
6523:
6521:
6518:
6516:
6513:
6511:
6508:
6506:
6503:
6501:
6498:
6496:
6493:
6491:
6488:
6486:
6483:
6481:
6478:
6476:
6473:
6471:
6468:
6466:
6463:
6461:
6458:
6456:
6453:
6451:
6448:
6446:
6443:
6441:
6438:
6436:
6433:
6431:
6428:
6426:
6423:
6421:
6418:
6416:
6415:Guinea-Bissau
6413:
6411:
6408:
6406:
6403:
6401:
6398:
6396:
6393:
6391:
6388:
6386:
6383:
6381:
6378:
6376:
6373:
6371:
6368:
6366:
6363:
6361:
6358:
6356:
6353:
6351:
6348:
6346:
6343:
6341:
6338:
6336:
6333:
6331:
6328:
6326:
6323:
6321:
6318:
6316:
6313:
6311:
6308:
6306:
6303:
6301:
6298:
6297:
6295:
6293:
6289:
6285:
6278:
6274:
6260:
6257:
6255:
6252:
6250:
6247:
6245:
6242:
6240:
6239:Organizations
6237:
6235:
6232:
6230:
6227:
6225:
6222:
6220:
6217:
6215:
6212:
6210:
6207:
6205:
6202:
6200:
6197:
6196:
6194:
6191:
6183:
6177:
6174:
6172:
6169:
6167:
6164:
6162:
6159:
6157:
6154:
6152:
6149:
6147:
6144:
6142:
6139:
6137:
6134:
6132:
6129:
6127:
6124:
6123:
6121:
6118:
6113:
6108:
6102:
6099:
6095:
6092:
6090:
6087:
6085:
6082:
6081:
6080:
6077:
6075:
6072:
6070:
6069:Vegetarianism
6067:
6065:
6062:
6060:
6057:
6055:
6052:
6050:
6047:
6045:
6042:
6040:
6037:
6035:
6032:
6030:
6027:
6025:
6022:
6020:
6017:
6015:
6014:Homosexuality
6012:
6010:
6007:
6005:
6002:
6000:
5997:
5993:
5990:
5988:
5985:
5983:
5980:
5978:
5975:
5974:
5973:
5970:
5968:
5965:
5963:
5960:
5958:
5955:
5951:
5948:
5946:
5943:
5941:
5938:
5937:
5936:
5933:
5929:
5926:
5924:
5921:
5919:
5916:
5915:
5914:
5910:
5907:
5905:
5902:
5900:
5897:
5896:
5894:
5891:
5884:
5878:
5875:
5873:
5870:
5868:
5865:
5861:
5858:
5857:
5856:
5853:
5851:
5848:
5846:
5843:
5841:
5838:
5836:
5835:Neurotheology
5833:
5831:
5828:
5826:
5823:
5821:
5818:
5816:
5813:
5811:
5808:
5806:
5803:
5802:
5800:
5798:
5792:
5786:
5783:
5781:
5778:
5776:
5773:
5771:
5768:
5766:
5763:
5761:
5758:
5756:
5753:
5751:
5748:
5746:
5743:
5741:
5738:
5737:
5735:
5733:
5729:
5721:
5718:
5716:
5713:
5711:
5708:
5707:
5706:
5703:
5701:
5698:
5696:
5693:
5691:
5688:
5686:
5683:
5681:
5678:
5676:
5673:
5671:
5668:
5664:
5661:
5659:
5656:
5654:
5651:
5649:
5646:
5645:
5644:
5641:
5637:
5634:
5632:
5629:
5627:
5624:
5623:
5622:
5619:
5617:
5614:
5612:
5609:
5607:
5604:
5602:
5599:
5597:
5594:
5592:
5589:
5587:
5584:
5582:
5579:
5577:
5574:
5570:
5567:
5565:
5562:
5560:
5557:
5556:
5555:
5552:
5550:
5547:
5545:
5542:
5540:
5537:
5535:
5532:
5530:
5529:Folk religion
5527:
5525:
5522:
5520:
5517:
5515:
5512:
5510:
5507:
5505:
5502:
5500:
5497:
5495:
5492:
5490:
5487:
5485:
5481:
5478:
5476:
5473:
5471:
5468:
5466:
5463:
5461:
5457:
5454:
5453:
5451:
5447:
5443:
5436:
5432:
5422:
5419:
5417:
5414:
5412:
5409:
5407:
5404:
5402:
5399:
5397:
5394:
5392:
5389:
5385:
5382:
5380:
5377:
5375:
5372:
5371:
5370:
5367:
5363:
5360:
5358:
5355:
5353:
5352:Imperial cult
5350:
5348:
5345:
5343:
5340:
5339:
5338:
5335:
5333:
5330:
5326:
5323:
5321:
5318:
5316:
5313:
5312:
5311:
5308:
5304:
5301:
5299:
5296:
5295:
5294:
5291:
5287:
5284:
5282:
5279:
5277:
5274:
5272:
5269:
5268:
5267:
5264:
5262:
5259:
5255:
5252:
5251:
5250:
5247:
5243:
5240:
5238:
5235:
5234:
5233:
5230:
5228:
5225:
5221:
5218:
5217:
5216:
5213:
5211:
5208:
5206:
5203:
5201:
5198:
5196:
5193:
5191:
5188:
5186:
5183:
5181:
5178:
5174:
5171:
5169:
5166:
5164:
5161:
5159:
5156:
5154:
5151:
5150:
5149:
5146:
5142:
5139:
5137:
5134:
5132:
5129:
5127:
5124:
5123:
5122:
5119:
5117:
5114:
5110:
5107:
5106:
5105:
5102:
5100:
5097:
5095:
5092:
5088:
5085:
5084:
5083:
5080:
5078:
5075:
5073:
5070:
5066:
5063:
5061:
5058:
5057:
5056:
5053:
5051:
5048:
5044:
5041:
5039:
5036:
5034:
5031:
5030:
5029:
5026:
5024:
5021:
5019:
5016:
5014:
5011:
5007:
5004:
5003:
5002:
4999:
4998:
4995:
4991:
4986:
4982:
4962:
4959:
4958:
4957:
4954:
4952:
4949:
4947:
4944:
4942:
4939:
4937:
4934:
4932:
4929:
4927:
4924:
4922:
4921:Discordianism
4919:
4917:
4916:Anthroposophy
4914:
4913:
4911:
4907:
4899:
4898:
4894:
4893:
4892:
4889:
4887:
4884:
4880:
4877:
4875:
4872:
4870:
4867:
4865:
4864:Mari religion
4862:
4860:
4857:
4855:
4852:
4850:
4847:
4846:
4845:
4842:
4840:
4837:
4835:
4832:
4830:
4827:
4825:
4822:
4820:
4817:
4815:
4812:
4810:
4807:
4805:
4802:
4798:
4795:
4794:
4793:
4790:
4786:
4783:
4781:
4778:
4777:
4776:
4773:
4769:
4766:
4764:
4761:
4760:
4759:
4756:
4754:
4751:
4747:
4744:
4743:
4741:
4740:
4738:
4736:
4730:
4724:
4721:
4719:
4716:
4714:
4711:
4707:
4704:
4702:
4701:Neo-Theosophy
4699:
4698:
4697:
4694:
4692:
4689:
4687:
4684:
4682:
4679:
4677:
4674:
4670:
4667:
4666:
4665:
4662:
4660:
4657:
4655:
4652:
4650:
4647:
4645:
4642:
4640:
4639:New Acropolis
4637:
4635:
4632:
4630:
4627:
4625:
4622:
4620:
4617:
4615:
4612:
4611:
4609:
4605:
4602:
4600:
4592:
4582:
4579:
4577:
4574:
4572:
4569:
4567:
4564:
4563:
4561:
4557:
4545:
4542:
4540:
4537:
4535:
4532:
4530:
4527:
4525:
4522:
4520:
4517:
4515:
4512:
4510:
4507:
4505:
4502:
4500:
4497:
4495:
4492:
4490:
4487:
4485:
4482:
4480:
4477:
4473:
4470:
4468:
4465:
4463:
4460:
4459:
4458:
4455:
4454:
4453:
4451:
4447:
4446:
4441:
4438:
4437:
4436:
4433:
4431:
4428:
4426:
4423:
4421:
4418:
4416:
4413:
4411:
4408:
4406:
4403:
4401:
4398:
4396:
4393:
4391:
4388:
4386:
4383:
4381:
4378:
4376:
4373:
4371:
4368:
4366:
4363:
4361:
4358:
4356:
4353:
4351:
4348:
4344:
4341:
4339:
4336:
4335:
4334:
4331:
4329:
4326:
4324:
4321:
4319:
4316:
4315:
4313:
4311:
4305:
4297:
4294:
4293:
4292:
4289:
4288:
4286:
4284:North African
4282:
4279:
4277:
4271:
4265:
4262:
4260:
4257:
4255:
4252:
4250:
4247:
4245:
4242:
4240:
4237:
4235:
4232:
4230:
4227:
4225:
4222:
4220:
4217:
4215:
4212:
4210:
4207:
4206:
4204:
4202:
4198:
4192:
4189:
4187:
4184:
4182:
4179:
4177:
4174:
4173:
4171:
4169:
4165:
4161:
4155:
4152:
4150:
4147:
4145:
4142:
4138:
4135:
4133:
4130:
4129:
4128:
4125:
4123:
4120:
4118:
4115:
4113:
4110:
4108:
4105:
4103:
4100:
4096:
4093:
4091:
4088:
4086:
4083:
4081:
4078:
4077:
4076:
4073:
4071:
4068:
4066:
4063:
4059:
4056:
4055:
4054:
4051:
4049:
4048:Kwakwakaʼwakw
4046:
4044:
4041:
4037:
4034:
4032:
4029:
4027:
4024:
4022:
4019:
4017:
4014:
4013:
4012:
4009:
4007:
4004:
4002:
3999:
3997:
3994:
3992:
3988:
3985:
3983:
3980:
3978:
3975:
3973:
3970:
3968:
3965:
3961:
3958:
3956:
3953:
3951:
3948:
3947:
3946:
3943:
3941:
3938:
3936:
3933:
3929:
3926:
3925:
3924:
3921:
3919:
3916:
3915:
3913:
3911:
3905:
3899:
3896:
3894:
3891:
3887:
3884:
3882:
3879:
3878:
3877:
3874:
3870:
3867:
3866:
3865:
3862:
3860:
3857:
3855:
3852:
3850:
3847:
3843:
3840:
3838:
3835:
3834:
3832:
3828:
3825:
3823:
3820:
3819:
3818:
3815:
3813:
3810:
3809:
3807:
3805:
3801:
3795:
3792:
3791:
3789:
3787:
3786:Austroasiatic
3783:
3775:
3772:
3770:
3767:
3766:
3765:
3762:
3758:
3757:Vattisen Yaly
3755:
3753:
3750:
3748:
3745:
3744:
3743:
3739:
3736:
3735:
3733:
3731:
3727:
3724:
3722:
3718:
3702:
3699:
3697:
3694:
3693:
3692:
3689:
3687:
3684:
3682:
3679:
3677:
3676:Kirat Mundhum
3674:
3672:
3669:
3665:
3662:
3660:
3657:
3656:
3655:
3652:
3650:
3647:
3645:
3642:
3641:
3639:
3635:
3629:
3628:
3624:
3622:
3619:
3615:
3612:
3611:
3610:
3607:
3603:
3600:
3598:
3595:
3593:
3589:
3585:
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3329:
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3217:
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3208:
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3147:
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3141:
3135:
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3119:
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3110:
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3066:
3064:
3061:
3060:
3058:
3054:
3048:
3047:
3043:
3041:
3038:
3036:
3035:Milah Abraham
3033:
3031:
3028:
3026:
3023:
3021:
3018:
3016:
3013:
3009:
3006:
3005:
3004:
3001:
2999:
2996:
2992:
2989:
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2719:
2717:
2714:
2712:
2709:
2707:
2704:
2703:
2702:
2699:
2697:
2694:
2693:
2692:
2691:Protestantism
2689:
2685:
2682:
2680:
2676:
2673:
2672:
2671:
2668:
2664:
2661:
2659:
2656:
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2651:
2649:
2646:
2642:
2639:
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2608:
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2601:
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2572:
2570:
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2534:
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2528:
2526:
2522:
2519:
2517:
2513:
2510:
2508:
2504:
2500:
2496:
2491:
2487:
2483:
2476:
2471:
2469:
2464:
2462:
2457:
2456:
2453:
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2437:
2434:
2431:
2428:
2424:
2421:
2418:
2416:
2412:
2409:
2406:
2404:
2400:
2397:
2394:
2392:
2388:
2385:
2382:
2380:
2376:
2373:
2370:
2368:
2364:
2361:
2358:
2356:
2352:
2349:
2346:
2345:
2336:
2332:
2329:
2327:
2326:0-582-40427-4
2323:
2319:
2315:
2312:
2308:
2305:
2301:
2299:
2298:0-7618-2539-8
2295:
2291:
2287:
2284:
2283:0-06-063011-6
2280:
2276:
2272:
2269:
2268:
2264:
2261:
2256:
2255:
2242:
2238:
2232:
2216:
2213:. p. 1.
2212:
2208:
2201:
2193:
2187:
2183:
2178:
2177:
2168:
2166:
2149:
2145:
2141:
2135:
2127:
2123:
2117:
2111:
2106:
2099:
2093:
2085:
2079:
2075:
2074:
2066:
2064:
2055:
2049:
2045:
2044:
2036:
2020:
2016:
2010:
1994:
1990:
1989:
1984:
1977:
1961:
1957:
1956:
1951:
1944:
1937:
1936:90-04-14699-7
1933:
1929:
1923:
1916:
1913:F. F. Bruce,
1910:
1902:
1901:Touro College
1898:
1897:
1892:
1885:
1884:Tidhar, David
1879:
1872:
1868:
1863:
1856:
1850:
1843:
1837:
1821:
1817:
1810:
1802:
1801:
1793:
1777:
1773:
1769:
1762:
1753:
1737:
1733:
1727:
1719:
1713:
1709:
1708:
1700:
1684:
1680:
1676:
1670:
1654:
1650:
1644:
1637:
1636:1-884852-02-5
1633:
1629:
1623:
1617:
1616:0-691-08953-1
1613:
1609:
1603:
1597:
1596:0-19-563846-8
1593:
1589:
1585:
1584:R.S. McGregor
1580:
1574:
1573:1-884852-02-5
1570:
1566:
1560:
1552:
1546:
1530:
1526:
1519:
1512:
1508:
1505:
1500:
1484:
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1474:
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1446:
1442:
1436:
1432:
1428:
1424:
1420:
1413:
1397:
1393:
1387:
1371:
1367:
1361:
1359:
1357:
1349:
1345:
1340:
1324:
1320:
1316:
1315:"Monasticism"
1310:
1306:
1296:
1293:
1291:
1288:
1286:
1283:
1281:
1278:
1276:
1273:
1271:
1268:
1266:
1263:
1262:
1253:
1249:
1245:
1240:
1236:
1233:
1229:
1226:
1224:
1220:
1216:
1212:
1209:
1206:
1202:
1199:
1196:
1192:
1188:
1185:
1181:
1178:
1175:
1172:
1169:
1165:
1161:
1157:
1154:
1153:
1149:
1145:
1140:
1131:
1129:
1128:
1123:
1119:
1115:
1111:
1105:
1101:
1083:
1077:
1075:
1071:
1067:
1063:
1059:
1049:
1047:
1043:
1039:
1035:
1031:
1026:
1024:
1020:
1016:
1012:
1008:
1004:
1000:
996:
992:
988:
984:
980:
976:
972:
968:
964:
960:
956:
948:
944:
940:
935:
933:
929:
925:
921:
917:
913:
908:
906:
901:
895:
891:
887:
883:
878:
876:
872:
868:
864:
859:
849:
847:
843:
837:
833:
825:
821:
812:
808:
806:
805:Lectio Divina
801:
797:
788:
787:
786:
781:
779:
774:
772:
767:
764:
760:
759:night prayers
756:
752:
748:
745:; one of the
744:
740:
727:
724:
721:
718:
715:
714:
713:
711:
706:
704:
700:
695:
691:
686:
682:
678:
674:
670:
666:
662:
658:
654:
650:
646:
638:
634:
630:
626:
622:
617:
612:
608:
604:
594:
592:
589:
585:
581:
577:
573:
569:
565:
560:
558:
557:Martin Luther
554:
550:
546:
542:
538:
535:
531:
527:
526:Servite Order
523:
519:
515:
511:
507:
503:
499:
495:
494:Monte Cassino
491:
487:
478:
474:
470:
466:
463:
460:
456:
452:
448:
444:
441:
437:
433:
429:
426:
423:
420:
419:
418:
416:
412:
408:
404:
399:
397:
393:
389:
385:
380:
376:
372:
368:
360:
356:
353:
346:
345:Saint Anthony
342:
337:
330:
326:
322:
317:
307:
305:
300:
298:
294:
289:
285:
283:
282:Mahaprajapati
279:
275:
270:
268:
264:
260:
255:
251:
247:
246:
238:
233:
229:
226:
222:
218:
214:
210:
206:
203:
199:
196:
192:
189:
185:
177:
172:
167:
157:
155:
151:
147:
143:
139:
135:
130:
128:
124:
120:
116:
112:
108:
104:
100:
96:
92:
88:
84:
80:
76:
72:
69:
62:
58:
55:
52:
45:
41:
38:
37:Ancient Greek
34:
30:
19:
9110:Madih nabawi
8968:
8088:Hedonophobia
8048:Deep ecology
7984:
7977:
7970:
7963:
7956:
7949:
7942:
7819:Satish Kumar
7677:Plain people
7661:
7642:Distributism
7556:Sattvic diet
7546:Permaculture
7541:Off-the-grid
7516:Gift economy
7486:Downshifting
7476:Cord-cutting
6820:Turkmenistan
6780:Saudi Arabia
6525:South Africa
6515:Sierra Leone
6320:Burkina Faso
6229:Names of God
6176:Unaffiliated
6131:Antireligion
5992:Universalism
5940:Assimilation
5917:
5805:Anthropology
5680:Supernatural
5675:Spirituality
5643:Sacred space
5631:Purification
5553:
5504:Denomination
5458: /
5266:Paleo-Balkan
5232:Mesopotamian
5072:Cook Islands
5043:Old Prussian
4956:UFO religion
4895:
4891:Zalmoxianism
4819:Neoshamanism
4676:Spiritualism
4559:Other ethnic
4448:
4274:Traditional
4234:Bongthingism
4132:Acoma Pueblo
4075:Mesoamerican
3804:Austronesian
3625:
3621:Neo-Buddhism
3553:
3549:Neo-Hinduism
3470:Swaminarayan
3308:
3257:Salvationist
3242:Confucianism
3093:Samaritanism
3063:Ali-Illahism
3044:
2911:
2905:Unitarianism
2846:Old Catholic
2653:Nestorianism
2611:Christianity
2598:
2564:Conservative
2334:
2317:
2310:
2303:
2289:
2274:
2258:
2241:the original
2231:
2219:. Retrieved
2210:
2200:
2175:
2152:. Retrieved
2143:
2134:
2126:the original
2116:
2105:
2097:
2092:
2072:
2042:
2035:
2023:. Retrieved
2019:the original
2009:
1997:. Retrieved
1993:the original
1986:
1976:
1964:. Retrieved
1960:the original
1953:
1943:
1927:
1922:
1914:
1909:
1894:
1878:
1870:
1862:
1854:
1849:
1841:
1836:
1824:. Retrieved
1820:the original
1809:
1799:
1792:
1780:. Retrieved
1771:
1761:
1752:
1740:. Retrieved
1736:the original
1726:
1706:
1699:
1687:. Retrieved
1683:the original
1678:
1669:
1657:. Retrieved
1643:
1627:
1622:
1607:
1602:
1587:
1579:
1564:
1559:
1533:. Retrieved
1528:
1518:
1499:
1487:. Retrieved
1467:
1460:
1449:, retrieved
1422:
1412:
1400:. Retrieved
1386:
1374:. Retrieved
1343:
1339:
1327:. Retrieved
1309:
1205:Baháʼí Faith
1168:missionaries
1156:Ananda Marga
1125:
1107:
1080:
1055:
1042:Rachel Elior
1038:Hebrew Bible
1027:
1023:Roman Judaea
970:
966:
962:
954:
936:
919:
912:World War II
909:
902:
879:
871:commandments
861:
839:
809:
793:
783:
775:
768:
736:
709:
707:
684:
680:
676:
672:
668:
664:
660:
642:
633:Adi Shankara
561:
482:
409:or communal
400:
390:is cited by
381:
377:
373:
369:
365:
354:
350:
310:Christianity
301:
297:Ten Precepts
292:
290:
286:
271:
243:
241:
204:
197:
181:
131:
78:
74:
67:
64:
57:
50:
47:
40:
32:
31:
29:
9496:Monasticism
9226:Jama masjid
9170:Sufi poetry
9101: [
9062:Sufi orders
9043: [
8957:Misconducts
8934: [
8902: [
8890: [
8828: [
8816: [
8804: [
8742: [
8715: [
8703: [
8691: [
8679: [
8652: [
8640: [
8618: [
8576: [
8564: [
8547: [
8535: [
8410: [
8398: [
8354: [
8341:Sufis ranks
8282: [
8255: [
8207:Bash Hezzab
8179:terminology
8120:Nonviolence
8038:Consumerism
8033:Bohemianism
8008:Agrarianism
7864:Leo Tolstoy
7794:Duane Elgin
7753:Small house
7672:Plain dress
7662:Monasticism
7657:Mindfulness
7566:Slow living
7271:New Zealand
7208:Saint Lucia
7158:El Salvador
7063:Switzerland
6998:Netherlands
6770:Philippines
6698:South Korea
6693:North Korea
6583:Afghanistan
6530:South Sudan
6420:Ivory Coast
6204:Deification
6151:Objectivism
6126:Agnosticism
6084:Persecution
6074:Video games
6039:Populations
5950:Proselytism
5918:Monasticism
5909:Clericalism
5899:Agriculture
5890:and society
5855:Soteriology
5815:Comparative
5785:Transtheism
5770:Panentheism
5554:Monasticism
5347:Gallo-Roman
5249:Micronesian
5215:Manichaeism
5163:Hermeticism
5131:Continental
5126:Anglo-Saxon
5006:Paleolithic
5001:Prehistoric
4951:Scientology
4814:Italo-Roman
4669:Radha Soami
4649:New Thought
4489:Espiritismo
4430:Waaqeffanna
4370:Fon and Ewe
4308:Sub-Saharan
4191:Satsana Phi
3987:Ghost Dance
3945:Californian
3923:Anishinaabe
3854:Karo Pemena
3833:Indonesian
3507:Lingayatism
3455:Mahanubhava
3425:Vaishnavism
3356:Jeungsanism
3279:Folk Taoism
3262:Xiantiandao
3116:Zoroastrian
2775:Charismatic
2770:Pentecostal
2733:Anglicanism
2684:Waldensians
2619:Catholicism
2420:Monasticism
1853:Maimonides
1840:Maimonides
1782:25 February
1659:27 February
1348:Nyanatiloka
1187:Scientology
1180:Manichaeism
1112:especially
945:but not in
905:Beta Israel
739:Sunni Islam
553:Reformation
534:Augustinian
498:Benedictine
477:Justinian I
440:Mesopotamia
415:monasteries
245:parinibbāna
142:monasteries
33:Monasticism
9501:Asceticism
9490:Categories
9480:Psychology
9392:Prayer rug
9155:Sufi music
9015:Hizb Rateb
8993:Ceremonies
8761:Zarruqiyya
8469:Ismul Azam
8063:Food miles
8013:Amateurism
7905:Jim Merkel
7885:Mark Boyle
7839:Nick Rosen
7758:Tiny house
7692:Temperance
7637:Detachment
7632:Asceticism
7627:Aparigraha
7506:Freeganism
7491:Dry toilet
7261:Micronesia
7138:Costa Rica
7033:San Marino
6993:Montenegro
6973:Luxembourg
6830:Uzbekistan
6805:Tajikistan
6710:Kyrgyzstan
6683:Kazakhstan
6633:East Timor
6603:Bangladesh
6593:Azerbaijan
6510:Seychelles
6475:Mozambique
6460:Mauritania
6445:Madagascar
6335:Cape Verde
6117:irreligion
6112:Secularism
6019:Minorities
5987:Toleration
5982:Syncretism
5967:Fanaticism
5957:Disability
5945:Missionary
5935:Conversion
5923:Ordination
5845:Psychology
5840:Philosophy
5780:Polytheism
5760:Monotheism
5755:Henotheism
5596:Orthopraxy
5586:Ordination
5549:Meditation
5544:Indigenous
5509:Entheogens
5494:Conversion
5320:Pueblo III
5237:Babylonian
5227:Melanesian
5153:Gnosticism
5038:Lithuanian
4931:Fourth Way
4785:Circassian
4763:Dievturība
4686:Tensegrity
4619:Falun Gong
4264:Sanamahism
4244:Donyi-Polo
3876:Polynesian
3822:Kaharingan
3747:Burkhanism
3686:Ravidassia
3664:Śvetāmbara
3450:Pushtimarg
3430:Krishnaism
3366:Vietnamese
3351:Cheondoism
3284:Yao Taoism
3220:East Asian
2986:Isma'ilism
2942:Maturidism
2721:Mennonites
2716:Hutterites
2701:Anabaptism
2594:Humanistic
1826:9 November
1350:Mahathera.
1301:References
1265:Asceticism
1248:Uttarkashi
1088:Guru Nanak
1074:Gorakhmata
1070:Guru Nanak
991:asceticism
856:See also:
747:companions
653:simplicity
601:See also:
588:Protestant
568:ecumenical
514:Franciscan
392:Athanasius
259:Patimokkha
242:After the
213:bhikkhunīs
35:(from
9468:Education
9402:Tagelmust
9397:Qashabiya
9372:Jellabiya
9276:Mausoleum
8969:Rahbaniya
8783:Waridates
8600:Muraqabah
8595:Muhasabah
8279:Mutahaqiq
8110:Itinerant
8003:Affluenza
7687:Rastafari
7652:Mendicant
7536:No frills
7511:Frugality
7481:DIY ethic
7464:Practices
7379:Venezuela
7324:Argentina
7241:Australia
7193:Nicaragua
7168:Guatemala
6968:Lithuania
6790:Sri Lanka
6785:Singapore
6765:Palestine
6653:Indonesia
6643:Hong Kong
6465:Mauritius
6186:Overviews
6141:Criticism
6089:Terrorism
6064:Theocracy
6009:Happiness
5977:Pluralism
5962:Education
5888:Religion
5860:Salvation
5850:Sociology
5795:Religious
5775:Pantheism
5765:Nontheism
5658:Mountains
5636:Sacrifice
5591:Orthodoxy
5581:Mythology
5576:Mysticism
5465:Behaviour
5374:Canaanite
5357:Mithraism
5325:Pueblo IV
5315:Pueblo II
5220:Mazdakism
5195:Hungarian
5168:Mysteries
5077:Dravidian
4859:Hungarian
4775:Caucasian
4746:Godianism
4706:Agni Yoga
4696:Theosophy
4659:Rastafari
4634:Modekngei
4614:Brahmoism
4607:Syncretic
4599:movements
4597:religious
4509:Quimbanda
4457:Candomblé
4450:Diasporic
4229:Bathouism
4219:Benzhuism
4144:Tsimshian
4095:Purépecha
4016:Longhouse
3991:Sun Dance
3940:Blackfoot
3859:Malaysian
3849:Kapitayan
3659:Digambara
3644:Ayyavazhi
3609:Vajrayana
3574:Theravada
3487:Ganapatya
3460:Ramanandi
3389:Hoahaoism
3267:Yiguandao
3162:Yarsanism
3157:Shabakism
3144:Yazdânism
3134:Zurvanism
3129:Mazdaznan
3088:Rastafari
3083:Mandaeism
2957:Wahhabism
2937:Ash'arism
2900:Tolstoyan
2890:Spiritual
2880:Mormonism
2851:Judaizers
2824:Quakerism
2802:Methodist
2792:Irvingism
2743:Calvinism
2696:Adventism
2679:Moravians
2516:Abrahamic
2221:7 October
1930:, Brill,
1742:31 August
1689:31 August
1545:cite news
1329:6 October
1285:Mendicant
1183:monastic.
1011:messianic
987:Sadducees
983:Pharisees
953:,
951:אִסִּיִים
914:European
846:Chaturmas
824:Digambara
673:sanyāsini
645:spiritual
584:New Skete
522:Dominican
518:Carmelite
461:churches.
451:Bethlehem
428:Mar Awgin
411:monastery
407:cenobitic
403:Pachomius
278:bhikkhunī
263:Theravada
250:cenobitic
150:mendicant
91:Christian
83:religious
75:monachism
9444:Religion
9412:Tarboosh
9367:Gandoura
9362:Djellaba
8979:Taqabbur
8729:Tawassul
8724:Tawakkul
8388:Concepts
8306:Qalandar
8269:Muqarrab
8264:Muqaddam
8247:Marabout
8125:Peak oil
8053:Degrowth
7869:Valluvar
7728:Car-free
7591:Veganism
7405:Category
7369:Suriname
7359:Paraguay
7344:Colombia
7251:Kiribati
7178:Honduras
7148:Dominica
7123:Barbados
7088:Scotland
7048:Slovenia
7043:Slovakia
7018:Portugal
6888:Bulgaria
6810:Thailand
6760:Pakistan
6740:Mongolia
6735:Maldives
6730:Malaysia
6618:Cambodia
6565:Zimbabwe
6540:Tanzania
6390:Ethiopia
6385:Eswatini
6365:Djibouti
6330:Cameroon
6315:Botswana
6259:Timeline
6254:Scholars
6214:Founders
6079:Violence
6034:Politics
5904:Business
5867:Theology
5611:Prophecy
5601:Paganism
5489:Covenant
5456:Apostasy
5391:Scythian
5332:Rapa Nui
5286:Thracian
5281:Illyrian
5271:Albanian
5242:Sumerian
5185:Harappan
5121:Germanic
5116:Georgian
5109:Selk'nam
5094:Etruscan
5082:Egyptian
5060:Druidism
5023:Armenian
4946:Satanism
4926:Eckankar
4849:Estonian
4834:Romanian
4824:Ossetian
4804:Germanic
4753:Armenian
4742:African
4735:paganism
4664:Sant Mat
4654:Rajneesh
4629:Meivazhi
4624:Japanese
4581:Siberian
4514:Santería
4484:Convince
4350:Bushongo
4254:Kiratism
4181:Hmongism
4058:Wocekiye
4043:Jivaroan
4011:Iroquois
4006:Ho-Chunk
3967:Cherokee
3910:American
3881:Hawaiian
3794:Sarnaism
3764:Tungusic
3752:Tengrism
3742:Mongolic
3671:Sarnaism
3602:Nichiren
3579:Mahayana
3566:Buddhism
3544:Sant Mat
3534:Sauraism
3529:Smartism
3524:Shaktism
3517:Balinese
3502:Kaumaram
3497:Kapalika
3492:Kashmiri
3477:Shaivism
3417:Hinduism
3384:Caodaism
3328:Ryukyuan
3323:Tenrikyo
3318:Shugendō
3296:Japanese
3167:Yazidism
3152:Ishikism
3030:Quranism
3003:Khawarij
2952:Salafism
2947:Atharism
2836:Esoteric
2807:Holiness
2797:Lutheran
2758:Reformed
2738:Baptists
2711:Brethren
2675:Hussites
2663:Assyrian
2579:Haymanot
2533:Orthodox
2482:Religion
2442:Archived
2423:Archived
2411:Archived
2399:Archived
2387:Archived
2375:Archived
2363:Archived
2351:Archived
2263:Archived
2215:Archived
2148:Archived
2025:17 March
1999:17 March
1966:17 March
1886:(1947).
1776:Archived
1653:Archived
1507:Archived
1489:13 April
1483:Archived
1451:12 April
1445:archived
1402:12 April
1396:Archived
1376:12 April
1370:Archived
1323:Archived
1259:See also
1232:Zhaijiao
1230:sect of
1203:and the
1164:acharyas
1160:celibate
1142:China's
1086:—
1072:visited
1019:Josephus
999:marriage
985:and the
979:Zadokite
932:Perushim
886:Nazirite
858:Nazirite
763:chastity
751:Muhammad
699:Vaisnava
657:celibacy
649:Sannyasa
637:Hinduism
597:Hinduism
541:convents
455:Mar Saba
432:Mt. Izla
384:eremitic
325:Trappist
304:celibacy
293:samanera
225:eremitic
221:ascetics
202:Sanskrit
191:bhikkhus
188:Buddhist
160:Buddhism
138:convents
111:Hinduism
107:Buddhism
103:Anglican
99:Orthodox
95:Catholic
79:monkhood
51:monakhós
18:Monastic
9430:Portals
9407:Taqiyah
9382:Misbaha
9357:Burnous
9340:Objects
9291:Musalla
9271:Maqbara
9261:Madrasa
9251:Külliye
9246:Khanqah
9241:Khalawi
9221:Gongbei
9125:Qawwali
9115:Nasheed
9098:Ashewiq
9082:Ziyarat
9057:Silsila
8984:Zandaqa
8943:Walayah
8921:Tajalli
8877:Ma'rifa
8862:Karamat
8842:Hidayah
8796:Basirah
8791:Barakah
8734:Tazkiah
8712:Tawajud
8700:Takhlia
8671:Tafakur
8632:Salawat
8439:Ghaflah
8321:Rabbani
8274:Murshid
8252:Mudaqiq
8242:Majzoob
8212:Dervish
8098:commune
7996:Related
7682:Quakers
7496:Fasting
7374:Uruguay
7349:Ecuador
7329:Bolivia
7306:Vanuatu
7233:Oceania
7183:Jamaica
7163:Grenada
7118:Bahamas
7078:England
7068:Ukraine
7023:Romania
6983:Moldova
6943:Ireland
6938:Iceland
6933:Hungary
6923:Germany
6913:Finland
6908:Estonia
6903:Denmark
6898:Czechia
6893:Croatia
6878:Belgium
6873:Belarus
6868:Austria
6863:Andorra
6858:Albania
6835:Vietnam
6745:Myanmar
6720:Lebanon
6638:Georgia
6598:Bahrain
6588:Armenia
6550:Tunisia
6520:Somalia
6505:Senegal
6490:Nigeria
6480:Namibia
6470:Morocco
6435:Liberia
6430:Lesotho
6380:Eritrea
6350:Comoros
6325:Burundi
6300:Algeria
6244:Outline
6209:Deities
6136:Atheism
6054:Science
5972:Freedom
5830:History
5797:studies
5750:Dualism
5740:Animism
5705:Worship
5685:Symbols
5626:Liturgy
5539:Goddess
5499:Deities
5480:Laicism
5470:Beliefs
5449:Aspects
5421:Zapotec
5416:Vainakh
5384:Yahwism
5369:Semitic
5298:Iranian
5200:Hurrian
5190:Hittite
5180:Guanche
5173:Orphism
5104:Fuegian
5099:Finnish
5087:Atenism
5033:Latvian
5018:Arabian
4961:Raëlism
4941:Jediism
4936:Goddess
4909:De novo
4797:Druidry
4691:Thelema
4644:New Age
4529:Umbanda
4420:Tumbuka
4405:Odinala
4390:Lugbara
4310:African
4276:African
4224:Bimoism
4214:Burmese
4070:Mapuche
4036:Wyandot
3996:Guarani
3977:Choctaw
3972:Chilote
3918:Abenaki
3869:Tagalog
3842:Kejawèn
3691:Sikhism
3654:Jainism
3614:Tibetan
3597:Amidism
3465:Warkari
3379:Đạo Mẫu
3229:Chinese
3211:Eastern
3188:Roshani
3107:Iranian
3015:Alevism
3008:Ibadism
2981:Zaydism
2658:Ancient
2629:Eastern
2589:Renewal
2574:Karaite
2555:Zionist
2543:Hasidic
2525:Judaism
2507:Western
2154:31 July
1955:Haaretz
1529:Topyaps
1295:Sādhanā
1201:Sikhism
1191:Sea Org
1148:Tai chi
1127:Daozang
1066:Sikhism
1060:treats
1058:Sikhism
1052:Sikhism
1046:Israeli
1030:Essenes
1015:ascetic
971:Ossaioi
967:Essaioi
963:Essēnoi
939:Essenes
920:prishut
863:Judaism
852:Judaism
842:Jainism
836:Sādhanā
815:Jainism
771:hadiths
710:sādhu's
703:Saivite
681:swāmini
661:sanyāsī
627:in the
611:Sādhanā
436:Nisibis
274:bhikkhu
200:, like
198:bhikkhu
146:secular
127:Judaism
115:Jainism
87:worldly
81:, is a
44:μοναχός
9417:Turban
9387:Miswak
9377:Khirqa
9352:Balgha
9347:Ammama
9331:Zawiya
9321:Turbah
9286:Mosque
9256:Kuttab
9236:Khalwa
9216:Gonbad
9211:Eidgah
9201:Dargah
9189:Places
9077:Wezeea
9072:Tweeza
9067:Tariqa
9052:Sebiba
9030:Mawsim
9025:Mawlid
9020:Idjaza
9005:Bay'ah
9000:Ashura
8926:Thawab
8916:Secret
8899:Rabita
8872:Khatir
8857:Ishrak
8837:Haqiqa
8813:Djadba
8756:Wazifa
8688:Tahlia
8676:Tahara
8649:Shuhud
8590:Lazimi
8585:Latifa
8573:Ichara
8532:Djamaa
8509:Yaqeen
8395:Aayane
8346:Talibe
8336:Siddiq
8331:Sheikh
8237:Khatib
8227:Hezzab
8177:Sufism
7986:Walden
7920:Thomas
7738:Hippie
7551:Regift
7471:Barter
7415:Portal
7354:Guyana
7334:Brazil
7301:Tuvalu
7198:Panama
7188:Mexico
7133:Canada
7128:Belize
7058:Sweden
7038:Serbia
7028:Russia
7013:Poland
7008:Norway
6988:Monaco
6958:Latvia
6953:Kosovo
6928:Greece
6918:France
6850:Europe
6815:Turkey
6800:Taiwan
6705:Kuwait
6678:Jordan
6668:Israel
6628:Cyprus
6613:Brunei
6608:Bhutan
6560:Zambia
6555:Uganda
6495:Rwanda
6450:Malawi
6410:Guinea
6400:Gambia
6305:Angola
6292:Africa
6101:Wealth
6049:Schism
6004:Growth
5928:Priest
5913:Clergy
5732:Theism
5715:Nature
5710:Astral
5653:Groves
5621:Ritual
5606:Prayer
5564:Novice
5514:Ethnic
5439:Topics
5411:Urartu
5406:Tongan
5401:Somali
5396:Slavic
5276:Dacian
5055:Celtic
5050:Basque
5028:Baltic
4879:Udmurt
4844:Uralic
4839:Slavic
4792:Celtic
4780:Abkhaz
4768:Romuva
4758:Baltic
4733:Modern
4576:Papuan
4539:Voodoo
4494:Kumina
4435:Yoruba
4425:Urhobo
4395:Maasai
4380:Lotuko
4328:Baluba
4318:Akamba
4291:Berber
4249:Heraka
4239:Dongba
4127:Pueblo
4122:Pawnee
4112:Navajo
4102:Muisca
4065:Lenape
4053:Lakota
4031:Seneca
4021:Mohawk
3955:Ohlone
3935:Apache
3928:Ojibwe
3908:Native
3774:Manchu
3769:Evenki
3730:Altaic
3721:Ethnic
3696:Khalsa
3649:Kalash
3539:Śrauta
3408:Indian
3338:Korean
3304:Shinto
3274:Taoism
3247:Luoism
3073:Baháʼí
3068:Bábism
3020:Ahmadi
2998:Sufism
2991:Alawis
2641:Church
2569:Reform
2550:Modern
2538:Haredi
2324:
2296:
2281:
2188:
2080:
2050:
1934:
1867:Eliach
1714:
1634:
1614:
1594:
1571:
1535:16 May
1475:
1437:
1280:Hermit
1244:ashram
1215:Taoism
1110:Taoism
1094:Taoism
1056:While
1013:, and
1003:mystic
955:Isiyim
943:Modern
928:kollel
924:Talmud
894:Hebrew
800:DIMMID
778:Qur'an
694:Sādhus
690:sadhus
685:mental
677:sādhvi
625:mathas
609:, and
549:Erfurt
532:) and
434:above
267:Vinaya
205:bhikṣu
184:Sangha
134:abbeys
113:, and
9456:Islam
9326:Türbe
9316:Takya
9311:Surau
9306:Ribat
9301:Rauza
9296:Qubba
9281:Mazar
9266:Maqam
9196:Daara
9120:Naʽat
9105:]
9047:]
9040:Sbooa
9035:Salka
9010:Haḍra
8974:Shath
8948:Warid
8938:]
8911:Ru'ya
8906:]
8894:]
8887:Qabdh
8867:Kashf
8852:Irfan
8847:Ilham
8832:]
8820:]
8808:]
8746:]
8719:]
8707:]
8695:]
8683:]
8661:Shukr
8656:]
8644:]
8622:]
8615:Sahar
8580:]
8568:]
8561:Ibara
8551:]
8544:Djoua
8539:]
8527:Dhikr
8519:Awrad
8479:Maqam
8459:Ihsan
8449:Hijab
8429:Dhawq
8424:Baqaa
8414:]
8402:]
8368:Wasil
8358:]
8326:Salik
8311:Qāriʾ
8291:Murid
8286:]
8259:]
8222:Hafiz
8217:Fakir
8192:Abdal
8185:Sufis
7929:Media
7915:Suelo
7622:Amish
7606:WWOOF
7339:Chile
7296:Tonga
7286:Samoa
7276:Palau
7266:Nauru
7173:Haiti
7093:Wales
7053:Spain
6978:Malta
6948:Italy
6840:Yemen
6795:Syria
6775:Qatar
6750:Nepal
6725:Macau
6688:Korea
6673:Japan
6648:India
6623:China
6535:Sudan
6485:Niger
6440:Libya
6425:Kenya
6405:Ghana
6395:Gabon
6370:Egypt
6310:Benin
6219:Index
6190:lists
6059:State
5877:Women
5745:Deism
5720:Place
5700:Water
5695:Truth
5663:Trees
5519:Faith
5484:Laity
5379:Punic
5337:Roman
5303:Vedic
5261:Olmec
5148:Greek
5141:Norse
5065:Irish
4886:Wicca
4681:Subud
4571:Inuit
4544:Winti
4534:Vodou
4499:Obeah
4479:Comfa
4462:Bantu
4415:Serer
4400:Mbuti
4360:Dogon
4355:Dinka
4338:Kongo
4333:Bantu
4259:Qiang
4090:Olmec
4080:Aztec
4001:Haida
3950:Miwok
3886:Māori
3817:Dayak
3738:Turko
3701:Sects
3637:Other
3592:Thiền
3176:Other
3078:Druze
3056:Other
2932:Sunni
2924:Islam
2706:Amish
2624:Latin
1869:, Y.
1219:monks
969:, or
959:Greek
867:Torah
733:Islam
679:, or
669:swāmi
667:, or
665:sādhu
607:Matha
528:(see
473:Egypt
254:vassa
237:Tibet
119:Islam
68:mónos
61:μόνος
39:
9130:Sama
9091:Arts
8825:Fath
8801:Bast
8773:Zuhd
8768:Wird
8751:Wajd
8739:Uzla
8637:Samt
8610:Sabr
8504:Sadr
8489:Qalb
8484:Nafs
8464:Ishq
8454:Huwa
8434:Fana
8363:Wali
8316:Qutb
8232:Imam
7748:Slow
7364:Peru
7246:Fiji
7143:Cuba
6755:Oman
6715:Laos
6663:Iraq
6658:Iran
6575:Asia
6545:Togo
6455:Mali
6345:Chad
6188:and
6115:and
5690:Text
5670:Soul
5559:Monk
5524:Fire
5205:Inca
5013:Ainu
4897:list
4874:Sámi
4504:Palo
4472:Ketu
4467:Jejé
4385:Lozi
4365:Efik
4343:Zulu
4323:Akan
4176:Ahom
4168:Miao
4166:and
4154:Zuni
4137:Hopi
4085:Maya
3982:Crow
3960:Pomo
3627:list
3584:Chan
3555:list
3512:Nath
3310:list
3046:list
2971:Shia
2913:list
2600:list
2322:ISBN
2294:ISBN
2279:ISBN
2223:2010
2186:ISBN
2156:2013
2078:ISBN
2048:ISBN
2027:2009
2001:2009
1988:Time
1968:2009
1932:ISBN
1828:2018
1784:2024
1744:2014
1712:ISBN
1691:2014
1661:2024
1632:ISBN
1612:ISBN
1592:ISBN
1569:ISBN
1551:link
1537:2014
1491:2024
1473:ISBN
1453:2024
1435:ISBN
1404:2012
1378:2012
1331:2014
1275:Guru
1237:The
1223:nuns
1221:and
1217:has
1102:and
1062:lust
1028:The
975:sect
941:(in
937:The
898:נזיר
892:(in
890:Jews
834:and
445:St.
339:The
329:cell
209:alms
195:Pali
182:The
121:and
101:and
8931:Uns
8882:Nūr
8556:Dua
8499:Rūḥ
8494:Ran
8444:Hal
8419:Aql
8301:Pir
6094:War
5569:Nun
5534:God
4595:New
4440:Ifá
4410:San
4209:Bon
4164:Tai
4149:Ute
3588:Zen
3252:Nuo
2182:103
1857:3:1
1844:1:1
1427:doi
1346:by
1246:in
1213:of
1174:Bön
1166:or
1120:of
869:'s
840:In
749:of
438:in
152:or
77:or
9492::
9103:ar
9045:fr
8936:ar
8904:ar
8892:ar
8830:ar
8818:ar
8806:ar
8744:ar
8717:ar
8705:ar
8693:ar
8681:ar
8654:ar
8642:ar
8620:ar
8578:ar
8566:ar
8549:ar
8537:ar
8412:ar
8400:ar
8356:ar
8284:ar
8257:ar
5911:/
5482:/
4375:Ik
4186:Mo
2209:.
2184:.
2164:^
2146:.
2142:.
2062:^
1985:.
1952:.
1893:.
1774:.
1770:.
1677:.
1586:,
1547:}}
1543:{{
1527:.
1481:.
1443:,
1433:,
1421:,
1355:^
1321:.
1317:.
1025:.
1009:,
1005:,
993:,
965:,
957:;
949::
934:.
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