2338:
1247:
2186:
2432:
2275:
877:
2306:
1900:
1153:
1495:
1121:
2154:
907:
2464:
2216:
1433:
2369:
1930:
1746:
2247:
2123:
938:
1340:
1870:
1525:
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1310:
1278:
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1839:
847:
1216:
1960:
2647:
553:
519:
485:
451:
417:
2524:
2901:
1371:
2556:
2054:
1586:
1090:
1715:
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301:
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2720:
2683:
1184:
356:
3413:
1807:
1776:
2023:
1989:
1464:
328:
1677:
787:
264:
2400:
1026:
2084:
36:
235:
1403:
3378:, the term "legislative council" has acquired a slightly different meaning since the 1930s. It refers to a joint committee with members from both houses of the state legislature, which supervises a staff of attorneys, accountants, and researchers charged with providing strictly nonpartisan support services to the legislature or to particular committees. The concept of the legislative council was first developed in
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Kansas still uses a legislative council, although it was converted into the Kansas
Legislative Coordinating Council in 1971. Legislative councils operating under that name exist in the states of Arkansas, Arizona, Colorado, Montana, North Dakota, Texas, and Wisconsin. Several states use the term
166:. It was commonly used to label unicameral or upper house legislative bodies in the British (former) colonies. However, it has also been used as designation in other (non-Commonwealth) nations. A member of a legislative council is commonly referred to as an MLC.
2196:
2133:
1725:
887:
2013:
1082:
in 1980, and is now composed of five
Members recommended by the Premier, three by the Leader of the Opposition, and three by the Governor acting in his own discretion, all appointed by the Governor.
2032:
1998:
1910:
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1005:
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1350:
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1880:
1036:
917:
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1320:
1078:
in 1968. Executive
Council was renamed the Cabinet in 1973, and is now formed from Members of the majority party in the House of Assembly. Legislative Council was renamed the
2596:
1657:
3510:
The
Colonial Office List, Comprising Historical and Statistical Information Respecting the Colonial Empire, List of Officers Serving in the Colonies, Etc
3401:", not "council", who is appointed by a vote of the entire legislature and is thus responsible to the body as a whole rather than a "council" within it.
2504:
1226:
17:
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1968:
1381:
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1100:
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adopted legislative councils, but under a variety of names. Between 1933 and 1959, at least 32 states had legislative councils.
72:
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53:
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Originally a single thirteen-member
Council combined Executive (cabinet) and Legislative functions. Established under
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86:
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57:
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1000:
636:
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1844:
185:, the authority under which legislative councils have been constituted has varied: some under the
1070:
held first session in 1620, with
Council becoming upper house. The Council split in 1888 into an
155:
93:
46:
3625:
1221:
3722:
3550:"Image 30 of Botswana, Lesotho, and Swaziland; a guide to official publications, 1868-1968"
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1621:
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8:
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is another name for the
Legislative Council in those states with bicameral legislatures.
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1283:
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333:
198:
1959:
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In the United States, a legislative council has a different connotation, and means a
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1963:
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of the
Institute of Colonial Studies, Oxford, England (Faber & Faber, 1946).
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1055:
597:
182:
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3129:
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2250:
1701:
1590:
361:
194:
147:
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Established by an act of parliament; abolished between 1953 and 1954.
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524:
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269:
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1988:
1345:
1074:
and a
Legislative Council. Colonial legislature was updated to the
943:
495:
159:
3394:"commission" for the same thing, including New Jersey and Nevada.
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1875:
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1252:
1031:
173:
within a legislature which supervises nonpartisan support staff.
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3620:
The Rise of the States: Evolution of
American State Government
3464:, in the series "Studies in Colonial Legislatures" edited by
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1408:
3624:. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press. pp.
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Established under the Foreign Jurisdiction Act, 1843
2486:
Established under the Foreign Jurisdiction Act, 1843
1953:
Established under the Foreign Jurisdiction Act, 1843
1922:
Established under the Foreign Jurisdiction Act, 1843
3462:
The Development of the Legislative Council 1606–1945
3408:
2267:
Established under the British Settlements Act, 1843
1578:
Established under the British Settlements Act, 1843
1517:
Established under the British Settlements Act, 1843
1456:
Established under the British Settlements Act, 1843
1395:
Established under the British Settlements Act, 1843
60:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
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3554:Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. 20540 USA
2146:Established under instructions to the governor
1799:Established under instructions to the governor
1176:Established under instructions to the governor
987:Established under instructions to the governor
961:Established under instructions to the governor
899:Established under instructions to the governor
204:
3661:"The Legislative Council Movement, 1933–1953"
2785:First province to eliminate upper chamber.
389:Existing sub-national legislative councils
2930:Last province to eliminate upper chamber.
2616:Defunct sub-national legislative councils
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120:Learn how and when to remove this message
2424:Established in the Constitution of 1964
3615:
3478:Office, Great Britain Colonial (1954).
3397:A few states, like California, have a "
210:Existing national legislative councils
14:
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3604:
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819:Defunct national legislative councils
256:Suspended in 1984, reconvened in 2004
3658:
3525:"The Senate | BARBADOSPARLIAMENT.COM"
2112:and retained under Article 72 of the
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3652:
2361:Established by an act of parliament
2208:Established by an act of parliament
2108:Established under Article 76 of the
1363:Established by an act of parliament
1058:in 1606, 1609, and 1612, and to the
58:adding citations to reliable sources
29:
3386:in 1933. Eventually, a majority of
24:
2456:Established under the prerogative
2330:Established under the prerogative
2240:Established under the prerogative
2178:Established under the prerogative
1892:Established under the prerogative
1768:Established under the prerogative
1669:Established under the prerogative
1425:Established under the prerogative
1332:Established under the prerogative
1302:Established under the prerogative
25:
3734:
3665:American Political Science Review
3649:
3594:"Saint Lucia - Access Government"
18:Member of the Legislative Council
3718:Governance of the British Empire
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3598:Saint Lucia - Access Government
3513:. H.M. Stationery Office. 1947.
3481:Colonial Reports Report on Aden
291:Provisional Legislative Council
45:needs additional citations for
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1195:Imperial Legislative Council
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205:List of legislative councils
7:
3404:
3382:and was implemented by the
1627:Federal Legislative Council
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3529:www.barbadosparliament.com
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3659:Davey, Harold W. (1953).
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1001:Bechuanaland Protectorate
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3616:Teaford, Jon C. (2002).
2731:Eastern Bengal and Assam
2500:Turks and Caicos Islands
27:Type of legislative body
3574:. Government of Bermuda
2129:St Kitts-Nevis-Anguilla
3003:Unicameral until 1935
2712:Unicameral until 1937
2028:Portuguese West Africa
1831:Unicameral until 1853
1222:British Virgin Islands
1208:Unicameral until 1920
647:Unicameral until 1920
579:Unicameral until 1890
545:Unicameral until 1856
511:Unicameral until 1856
477:Unicameral until 1857
443:Unicameral until 1856
285:Established under the
3568:"General Information"
69:"Legislative council"
3432:Legislative assembly
2876:Prince Edward Island
2014:Legislative Assembly
1060:Somers Isles Company
189:, others by acts of
156:subnational division
144:legislative chambers
54:improve this article
3399:legislative counsel
3351:Legislative Council
3315:Legislative Council
3279:Legislative Council
3243:Legislative Council
3207:Legislative Council
3171:Legislative Council
3135:Legislative Council
3099:Legislative Council
3063:Legislative Council
3027:Legislative Council
2990:Legislative Council
2954:Legislative Council
2917:Legislative Council
2881:Legislative Council
2845:Legislative Council
2809:Legislative Council
2772:Legislative Council
2736:Legislative Council
2699:Legislative Council
2663:Legislative Council
2617:
2597:Legislative Council
2566:Legislative Council
2535:Legislative Council
2505:Legislative Council
2475:Legislative Council
2443:Legislative Council
2438:Trinidad and Tobago
2411:Legislative Council
2380:Legislative Council
2349:Legislative Council
2344:Straits Settlements
2317:Legislative Council
2286:Legislative Council
2256:Legislative Council
2227:Legislative Council
2197:Legislative Council
2165:Legislative Council
2134:Legislative Council
2095:Legislative Council
2064:Legislative Council
2033:Legislative Council
1999:Legislative Council
1969:Legislative Council
1941:Legislative Council
1911:Legislative Council
1881:Legislative Council
1850:Legislative Council
1818:Legislative Council
1787:Legislative Council
1757:Legislative Council
1726:Legislative Council
1721:Mandatory Palestine
1688:Legislative Council
1658:Legislative Council
1596:Legislative Council
1565:Legislative Council
1536:Legislative Council
1506:Legislative Council
1475:Legislative Council
1444:Legislative Council
1414:Legislative Council
1382:Legislative Council
1351:Legislative Council
1321:Legislative Council
1289:Legislative Council
1258:Legislative Council
1227:Legislative Council
1164:Legislative Council
1132:Legislative Council
1101:Legislative Council
1037:Legislative Council
1006:Legislative Council
975:Legislative Council
949:Legislative Council
918:Legislative Council
888:Legislative Council
883:Antigua and Barbuda
858:Legislative Council
820:
803:Legislative Council
770:Legislative Council
737:Legislative Council
704:Legislative Council
671:Legislative Council
637:Legislative Council
603:Legislative Council
569:Legislative Council
535:Legislative Council
501:Legislative Council
467:Legislative Council
433:Legislative Council
390:
367:Legislative Council
339:Legislative Council
312:Legislative Council
275:Legislative Council
246:Legislative Council
211:
136:legislative council
3572:Bermuda Parliament
3384:Kansas Legislature
2615:
2059:Province of Canada
1076:Westminster system
818:
388:
209:
199:royal instructions
3427:House of Assembly
3367:
3366:
3274:Florida Territory
3058:Jammu and Kashmir
2613:
2612:
2312:Southern Rhodesia
2114:1938 Constitution
2110:1923 Constitution
1994:Portuguese Guinea
1906:Northern Rhodesia
1080:Senate of Bermuda
1072:Executive Council
1068:House of Assembly
816:
815:
564:Western Australia
379:
378:
287:British Hong Kong
241:Brunei Darussalam
187:royal prerogative
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16:(Redirected from
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3437:Legislative Yuan
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1964:Papua New Guinea
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1096:British Columbia
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1066:. Elected lower
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2726:British India
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2015:
2011:
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1190:British India
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765:Uttar Pradesh
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71: –
70:
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65:Find sources:
59:
55:
49:
48:
43:This article
41:
37:
32:
31:
19:
3723:Legislatures
3668:
3664:
3639:. Retrieved
3619:
3597:
3588:
3576:. Retrieved
3571:
3562:
3553:
3544:
3532:. Retrieved
3528:
3519:
3509:
3480:
3473:
3461:
3456:
3396:
3392:
3373:
2633:Established
2561:Upper Canada
2251:Sierra Leone
2099:Consultative
1845:Newfoundland
1702:Puppet state
1591:Lower Canada
833:Established
406:Established
380:
362:Saint Helena
224:Established
180:
168:
135:
133:
131:
116:
110:January 2014
107:
97:
90:
83:
76:
64:
52:Please help
47:verification
44:
3388:U.S. states
3355:Upper House
3319:Upper House
3247:Upper House
3211:Upper House
3202:West Bengal
3175:Upper House
3139:Upper House
3103:Upper House
3067:Upper House
2994:Upper House
2958:Upper House
2921:Upper House
2885:Upper House
2849:Upper House
2840:Nova Scotia
2813:Upper House
2776:Upper House
2703:Upper House
2667:Upper House
2570:Upper House
2068:Upper House
2012:Became the
1854:Upper House
1822:Upper House
1813:New Zealand
1600:Upper House
774:Upper House
741:Upper House
708:Upper House
699:Maharashtra
675:Upper House
641:Upper House
607:Upper House
573:Upper House
539:Upper House
505:Upper House
471:Upper House
437:Upper House
316:Upper House
307:Isle of Man
140:legislature
3707:Categories
3448:References
3310:New Jersey
3166:Tamil Nadu
3031:Unicameral
2740:Unicameral
2658:Queensland
2601:Unicameral
2539:Unicameral
2509:Unicameral
2479:Unicameral
2470:Tanganyika
2447:Unicameral
2415:Unicameral
2384:Unicameral
2353:Unicameral
2321:Unicameral
2290:Unicameral
2260:Unicameral
2231:Unicameral
2222:Seychelles
2201:Unicameral
2192:St Vincent
2169:Unicameral
2138:Unicameral
2037:Unicameral
2003:Unicameral
1973:Unicameral
1945:Unicameral
1915:Unicameral
1885:Unicameral
1791:Unicameral
1782:Montserrat
1761:Unicameral
1730:Unicameral
1692:Unicameral
1662:Unicameral
1631:Unicameral
1569:Unicameral
1510:Unicameral
1501:Gold Coast
1479:Unicameral
1448:Unicameral
1418:Unicameral
1386:Unicameral
1355:Unicameral
1325:Unicameral
1293:Unicameral
1262:Unicameral
1231:Unicameral
1168:Unicameral
1136:Unicameral
1105:Unicameral
1010:Unicameral
979:Unicameral
970:Basutoland
953:Unicameral
922:Unicameral
892:Unicameral
862:Unicameral
807:Unicameral
371:Unicameral
343:Unicameral
279:Unicameral
250:Unicameral
195:commission
191:parliament
158:such as a
80:newspapers
3685:1537-5943
3641:25 August
3283:Bicameral
2653:Australia
2406:Swaziland
2375:Singapore
1936:Nyasaland
1752:Mauritius
1683:Manchukuo
1470:Gibraltar
1199:Bicameral
1041:Bicameral
793:Venezuela
732:Telangana
666:Karnataka
559:Australia
525:Australia
491:Australia
457:Australia
423:Australia
334:Palestine
270:Hong Kong
3713:Councils
3578:6 August
3405:See also
3238:Delaware
2767:Manitoba
2621:Country
2160:St Lucia
1346:Dominica
1064:Governor
944:Barbados
824:Country
530:Victoria
496:Tasmania
394:Country
293:1997–98
215:Country
160:province
3693:1952905
2624:Region
2090:Romania
1876:Nigeria
1704:of the
1531:Jamaica
1054:to the
1032:Bermuda
913:Bahamas
397:Region
181:In the
177:History
171:council
146:, of a
138:is the
94:scholar
3691:
3683:
3632:
3628:–157.
3534:10 May
3380:Kansas
3338:
3302:
3266:
3230:
3194:
3158:
3130:Punjab
3122:
3086:
3050:
3022:Cochin
3014:
2985:Bombay
2977:
2941:
2912:Quebec
2907:Canada
2904:
2871:Canada
2868:
2835:Canada
2832:
2799:Canada
2796:
2762:Canada
2759:
2723:
2694:Bengal
2686:
2650:
2639:Notes
2589:
2530:Uganda
2527:
2497:
2467:
2435:
2403:
2372:
2341:
2309:
2278:
2219:
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2126:
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1933:
1903:
1873:
1842:
1810:
1779:
1749:
1718:
1680:
1650:
1622:Malaya
1619:
1557:
1528:
1498:
1467:
1439:Gambia
1436:
1406:
1374:
1343:
1316:Cyprus
1313:
1284:Ceylon
1281:
1250:
1219:
1187:
1156:
1124:
1093:
1029:
998:
967:
941:
910:
880:
850:
839:Notes
790:
757:
724:
691:
658:
624:
590:
556:
522:
488:
454:
420:
409:Notes
359:
331:
304:
267:
238:
227:Notes
152:colony
148:nation
96:
89:
82:
75:
67:
3689:JSTOR
3197:India
3161:India
3125:India
3089:India
3053:India
3017:India
2980:India
2949:Assam
2944:India
2630:Type
2627:Body
2592:Zaire
1653:Malta
1560:Kenya
1253:Burma
830:Type
827:Body
798:Zulia
760:India
727:India
694:India
661:India
632:Bihar
627:India
593:India
403:Type
400:Body
289:era;
221:Type
218:Body
164:state
154:, or
101:JSTOR
87:books
3681:ISSN
3643:2014
3630:ISBN
3580:2021
3536:2024
3361:1778
3358:1776
3325:1844
3322:1776
3289:1845
3286:1822
3253:1792
3250:1776
3217:1969
3214:1952
3181:1986
3178:1956
3145:1969
3142:1956
3109:1969
3106:1956
3073:2019
3070:1957
3037:1949
3034:1925
3000:1960
2997:1861
2964:1969
2961:1935
2927:1968
2924:1867
2891:1893
2888:1773
2855:1928
2852:1838
2819:1891
2816:1785
2782:1876
2779:1870
2746:1912
2743:1906
2709:1947
2706:1861
2673:1922
2670:1860
2607:1990
2604:1972
2576:1841
2573:1791
2545:1962
2542:1920
2514:2006
2453:1961
2450:1925
2421:1967
2418:1964
2390:1953
2387:1946
2356:1866
2327:1923
2324:1898
2296:1970
2293:1960
2237:1970
2234:1962
2175:1967
2172:1832
2141:1832
2105:1948
2102:1923
2074:1867
2071:1841
2043:1972
2040:1922
2009:1972
2006:1963
1979:1963
1976:1951
1948:1907
1860:1934
1857:1833
1828:1950
1825:1841
1796:2011
1736:1923
1733:1922
1698:1945
1695:1934
1637:1957
1634:1948
1606:1841
1603:1791
1575:1963
1572:1907
1540:1866
1485:1969
1482:1950
1451:1843
1409:Fiji
1392:2009
1389:1845
1358:1832
1299:1931
1296:1833
1268:1936
1265:1897
1237:2007
1234:1867
1205:1947
1202:1861
1171:1853
1142:1961
1139:1928
1111:1871
1108:1867
1047:1980
1044:1612
1016:1965
1013:1961
982:1960
958:1963
925:1841
865:1947
853:Aden
810:1864
777:1935
744:2014
711:1960
678:1956
644:1912
610:1958
576:1832
542:1851
508:1825
474:1840
440:1824
346:1996
282:1843
253:1959
197:and
73:news
3673:doi
3626:153
3374:In
201:.
162:or
56:by
3709::
3687:.
3679:.
3669:47
3667:.
3663:.
3651:^
3606:^
3596:.
3570:.
3552:.
3527:.
3490:^
150:,
134:A
3695:.
3675::
3645:.
3600:.
3582:.
3556:.
3538:.
3484:.
123:)
117:(
112:)
108:(
98:·
91:·
84:·
77:·
50:.
20:)
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