2225:. Traditional Chinese values emphasising family and education blend with Western ideals, including economic liberty and the rule of law. Although the vast majority of the population is ethnically Chinese, Hong Kong has developed a distinct identity. The territory diverged from the mainland through its long period of colonial administration and a different pace of economic, social, and cultural development. Mainstream culture is derived from immigrants originating from various parts of China. This was influenced by British-style education, a separate political system, and the territory's rapid development during the late 20th century. Most migrants of that era fled poverty and war, reflected in the prevailing attitude toward wealth; Hongkongers tend to link self-image and decision-making to material benefits. Residents' sense of local identity has markedly increased post-handover: The majority of the population (52%) identifies as "Hongkongers", while 11% describe themselves as "Chinese". The remaining population purport mixed identities, 23% as "Hongkonger in China" and 12% as "Chinese in Hong Kong".
1608:
1928:
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111:
64:
48:
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1799:
8114:
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1821:
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1973:
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1996:
1159:
667:
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1843:
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terror than in other
Chinese cities. Hong Kong was transformed into a Japanese colony, with Japanese businesses replacing the British. However, the Japanese Empire had severe logistical difficulties and by 1943 the food supply for Hong Kong was problematic. The overlords became more brutal and corrupt, and the Chinese gentry became disenchanted. With the surrender of Japan, the transition back to British rule was smooth, for on the mainland the
2794:
1461:
1510:
2569:
692:
100:
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2162:
2878:, were large scale demonstrations fuelled by tensions surrounding labour disputes and dissatisfaction towards the government. Although the 1967 riots started as a labour dispute, the incident escalated quickly after the leftist camp and mainland officials stationed in Hong Kong seized the opportunity to mobilise their followers to protest against the colonial government.
8066:
2909:
practically paralysed the colony for a year. By the 1960s, however, the attempts by the Hong Kong government to maintain stability and good order which helped improve everyone's living conditions, and ... the beginning of the emergence of a Hong Kong identity, changed the attitude of the local
Chinese. They overwhelmingly rallied around the colonial British regime.
1631:", believing that, to counter the Chinese government's determination to recover Hong Kong, it was necessary to give local inhabitants a greater stake in the territory by widening the political franchise to include them. Hong Kong remained a part of the UK and overseas colonies from 1949 until it transitioned its colony to a British dependent territory in 1983.
1126:. Although the Qing had to cede Hong Kong Island and Kowloon in perpetuity as per the treaty, the leased New Territories comprised 86.2% of the colony and more than half of the entire colony's population. With the lease nearing its end during the late 20th century, Britain did not see any viable way to administer the colony by dividing it, whilst the
3745:
3107:
2857:
During China's turbulent 20th century, Hong Kong served as a safe haven for dissidents, political refugees, and officials who lost power. British policy allowed dissidents to live in Hong Kong as long as they did not break local laws or harm
British interests. The implementation of this policy varied
1907:
The
Executive Council determined administrative policy changes and considered primary legislation before passing it to the Legislative Council for approval. This advisory body also itself issued secondary legislation under a limited set of colonial ordinances. The Legislative Council debated proposed
1657:
principle agreed between the United
Kingdom and the People's Republic of China, the socialist system of People's Republic of China would not be practised in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (HKSAR), and Hong Kong's previous capitalist system and its way of life would remain unchanged for a
1645:
The Sino-British Joint
Declaration was signed by both the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom and the Premier of the People's Republic of China on 19 December 1984 in Beijing. The Declaration entered into force with the exchange of instruments of ratification on 27 May 1985 and was registered by the
1567:
The
Japanese imprisoned the ruling British colonial elite and sought to win over the local merchant gentry by appointments to advisory councils and neighbourhood watch groups. The policy worked well for Japan and produced extensive collaboration from both the elite and the middle class, with far less
1290:
stressed to the
Chinese government that the British government did not question China's right to prohibit opium, but it objected to the way this was handled. He viewed the sudden strict enforcement as laying a trap for the foreign traders, and the confinement of the British with supplies cut off was
1559:
to march towards Hong Kong. The plan was to launch a New Year's Day attack on the
Japanese in the Canton region, but before the Chinese infantry could attack, the Japanese had broken Hong Kong's defences. The British casualties were 2,232 killed or missing and 2,300 wounded. The Japanese reported
2473:
Film making in Hong Kong began as early as 1909, but Hong Kong was not a film making hub until the late 1940s, when a wave of
Shanghai filmmakers migrated to the territory; these movie veterans helped build the colony's entertainment industry over the next decade. By the 1960s, the city was well
2108:
unit. As such, it was supported by British Army regular personnel holding key positions. These British Army personnel, for their duration of service to the Royal Hong Kong Regiment, were seconded to the Hong Kong Government. In the post-WWII era, the majority of the regiment's members were local
2026:. Cadet officers gradually formed the backbone of the civil administration. After the Second World War, ethnic Chinese were allowed into the service, followed by women. Cadets were renamed Administrative Officers in the 1950s, and they remained the elite of the Civil Service during British rule.
1650:, Kowloon, and the New Territories) with effect from 1 July 1997 and the United Kingdom Government declared that it would relinquish Hong Kong to the PRC with effect from 1 July 1997. In the document, the People's Republic of China Government also declared its basic policies regarding Hong Kong.
2244:
are the most common households, although multi-generational and extended families are not unusual. In British-ruled Hong Kong, polygamy was legal until 1971 pursuant to the colonial practice of not interfering in local customs that British authorities viewed as relatively harmless to the public
2908:
In the 1920s, the working class Chinese of Hong Kong did not have a good reason to rally around the Hong Kong government, and they were more susceptible to appeals based on Chinese nationalism. Consequently, the call of the Communists was basically heeded by the working men, and their actions
2140:
and government enabled Hong Kong to flourish as a centre for international trade. In the colony's first decade, the revenue from the opium trade was a key source of government funds. The importance of opium reduced over time, but the colonial government was dependent on its revenues until the
1956:
was the highest court and ruled on all civil and criminal cases in the colony. During the early colonial period, extraterritorial appellate cases from other regions of China involving British subjects were also tried in this court. Further appeals from the Supreme Court were heard by the
2548:
frequently play action-oriented roles in foreign films. At the height of the local movie industry in the early 1990s, over 400 films were produced each year; since then, industry momentum shifted to mainland China. The number of films produced annually has declined to about 60 in 2017.
1255:, complied with Lin's demands to secure a safe exit for the British, with the costs involved to be resolved between the two governments. When Elliot promised that the British government would pay for their opium stock, the merchants surrendered their 20,283 chests of opium, which were
1576:
forces were preparing for a civil war and ignored Hong Kong. In the long run the occupation strengthened the pre-war social and economic order among the Chinese business community by eliminating some conflicts of interests and reducing the prestige and power of the British.
3099:
99:
98:
2900:, wrote that it was "ironic" that despite Hong Kong being a symbol of China's humiliation by Britain, there was not one major movement started by the Chinese residents of the colony for its retrocession to China, even though there had been several upsurges of
1646:
People's Republic of China and United Kingdom governments at the United Nations on 12 June 1985. In the Joint Declaration, the People's Republic of China Government stated that it had decided to resume the exercise of sovereignty over Hong Kong (including
1480:
was signed on 9 June. Since the foreign powers had agreed by the late 19th century that it was no longer permissible to acquire outright sovereignty over any parcel of Chinese territory, and in keeping with the other territorial cessions China made to
2389:, despite the territory's exposure to foreign influences and its residents' varied origins. Rice is the staple food, and is usually served plain with other dishes. Freshness of ingredients is emphasised. Poultry and seafood are commonly sold live at
1319:
rivers. Palmerston demanded a territorial base in the Chusan Islands for trade so that British merchants "may not be subject to the arbitrary caprice either of the Government of Peking, or its local Authorities at the Sea-Ports of the Empire".
1347:
would cause an "indefinite protraction of hostilities", whereas Hong Kong Island's harbour was a valuable base for the British trading community in Canton. British rule began with the occupation of the island on 26 January. Commodore
1445:. In the Treaty of Tientsin, the Chinese accepted British demands to open more ports, navigate the Yangtze River, legalise the opium trade and have diplomatic representation in Beijing. During the conflict, the British occupied the
1670:
at first proposed a list of 60β80 Hong Kong people to attend the ceremony. The number was finally extended to 101. The list included Hong Kong government officials, members of the Legislative and Executive Councils, chairmen of
1408:
The Treaty of Nanking failed to satisfy British expectations of a major expansion of trade and profit, which led to increasing pressure for a revision of the terms. In October 1856, Chinese authorities in Canton detained the
2512:; locally made gangster films, romantic dramas, and supernatural fantasies became popular. Hong Kong cinema continued to be internationally successful over the following decade with critically acclaimed dramas such as
2141:
Japanese occupation in 1941. Although the largest businesses in the early colony were operated by British, American, and other expatriates, Chinese workers provided the bulk of the manpower to build a new port city.
1563:
The Japanese soldiers committed atrocities, including rape, on many locals. The population fell in half, from 1.6 million in 1941 to 750,000 at war's end because of fleeing refugees; they returned in 1945.
3227:
Given the fact that Hong Kong received a Crown Colony form of constitution in 1843 and still retains it in 1965, there must be something which explains its tranquility in the midst of a continent of upheaval.
1277:
decided that the Chinese should be made to pay for the destruction of British property, either by the threat or use of force. An expeditionary force was placed under Elliot and his cousin, Rear-Admiral
4496:
1908:
legislation and was responsible for the appropriation of public funds. This chamber was reformed in the last years of colonial rule to introduce more democratic representation. Indirectly elected
5117:
2780:, the territory's largest taxpayer, has a monopoly on gambling and provides over 7% of government revenue. Three forms of gambling are legal in Hong Kong: lotteries, horse racing, and football.
8017:
4753:
3240:
A Draft Agreement Between the Government of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and the Government of the People's Republic of China on the Future of Hong Kong
4780:
2773:'s efforts to promote Hong Kong's image abroad. The first modern competition was organised in 1976, and overseas teams began competing in the first international race in 1993.
1607:
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to serve as the representative of the Crown in the colony. Executive power was highly concentrated with the Governor, who himself appointed almost all members of the
2002:: 1 British Trade Dollar, issued from 1895 to 1935, was originally used for the British colonies and protectorates in the Far East, including British Hong Kong, the
4807:
1904:
formally approved any additions to the Legislative and Executive Councils and the Sovereign held sole authority to amend the Letters Patent and Royal Instructions.
1619:
On 14 August 1945, when Japan announced its unconditional surrender, the British formed a naval task group to sail towards Hong Kong. On 1 September, Rear-Admiral
1901:
8253:
8243:
6236:
2085:, and the defense of the territory was taken up by additional British forces who were rotated from Europe. The garrison was further supplemented by LEPs, and
1964:
In March 1975 the Hong Kong government introduced a programme to measure public opinion of government efforts, known as Movement of Opinion Direction (MOOD).
6687:
63:
8248:
8238:
5705:
4493:
4395:
2047:
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in 1984, which stated that the economic and social systems in Hong Kong would remain relatively unchanged for 50 years, the British government agreed to
1119:
516:
3769:
on September 24, 1982. The Chinese Premier had held talks with her before this meeting. And Chinese leaders formally informed the British side that the
3071:
2635:
dominated Asian record charts. Despite a general decline since late in the decade, Cantopop remains dominant in Hong Kong; contemporary artists such as
2254:
are observed; large-scale construction projects often hire consultants to ensure proper building positioning and layout. The degree of its adherence to
8203:
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5107:
1429:
as Plenipotentiary, with the aim of securing a new and satisfactory treaty. A French expeditionary force joined the British to avenge the execution of
3345:
7401:
4151:
2650:
Western classical music has historically had a strong presence in Hong Kong and remains a large part of local musical education. The publicly funded
2723:, with its own sports teams in international competitions. The territory has participated in almost every Summer Olympics since 1952 and has earned
3293:
2058:
units. A second brigade, the Kowloon Infantry Brigade, was formed to assist in commanding the expanded force. The garrison was defeated during the
1758:
7995:
Claimed in 1908; territory formed 1962; overlaps portions of Argentine and Chilean claims, borders not enforced but claim not renounced under the
3180:
1547:, concluded that the island could not be defended for long unless he withdrew his brigade from the mainland. On 18 December, the Japanese crossed
8233:
5700:
5808:
3140:
1762:
1169:
3746:
Office of the Commissioner of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the People's Republic of China in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
7560:
5650:
1751:
1672:
1662:. The ceremony of the signing of the Sino-British Joint Declaration took place at 18:00, 19 December 1984 at the Western Main Chamber of the
1279:
110:
4888:
Understanding the Political Culture of Hong Kong: The Paradox of Activism and Depoliticization: The Paradox of Activism and Depoliticization
3258:
Constitutional and Mainland Affairs Bureau β The Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China
8208:
7988:
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3067:
1770:
1468:
In 1898, the British sought to extend Hong Kong for defence. After negotiations began in April 1898, with the British Minister in Beijing,
2295:, where metro lines are numbered. Roads were named after British royals, governors, famous people, cities and towns across the UK and the
8218:
7440:
5685:
2631:; during the 1980s, exported films and shows exposed Cantopop to a global audience. The genre's popularity peaked in the 1990s, when the
1747:
4002:
7130:
7124:
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4121:
1707:
8198:
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1493:
that same year, the extension of Hong Kong took the form of a 99-year lease. The lease consisted of the rest of Kowloon south of the
2042:
battalions and locally enlisted personnel (LEPs) who served as regular members in the Hong Kong Squadron of the Royal Navy or the
8139:
5833:
5715:
2144:
By the late 1980s, many ethnic Chinese people had become major business figures in Hong Kong. Amongst these billionaires was Sir
1958:
1539:
began when Japanese air bombers effectively destroyed British air power in one attack. Two days later, the Japanese breached the
1142:
3749:
7034:
5980:
5818:
5545:
5505:
3834:
Jones, Oliver (2014). "A Worthy Predecessor? The Privy Council on Appeal from Hong Kong, 1853 to 1997". In Ghai, Y.; Young, S.
1218:
5077:
Sofield, Trevor H.B.; Sivan, Atara (2003). "From Cultural Festival to International Sport β The Hong Kong Dragon Boat Races".
1623:
proclaimed a military administration with himself as its head. He formally accepted the Japanese surrender on 16 September in
47:
7395:
6222:
5393:
5371:
5356:
5310:
5242:
5213:
5167:
5032:
4995:
4958:
4933:
4896:
4875:
4838:
4683:
4650:
4617:
4580:
4555:
4061:
3564:
3416:
3389:
3328:
2954:
1927:
5219:
5038:
5001:
4964:
4902:
4844:
4689:
4656:
4623:
4586:
2393:, and ingredients are used as quickly as possible. There are five daily meals: breakfast, lunch, afternoon tea, dinner, and
1110:
Hong Kong was officially ceded to the British government in the aftermath of the opium war of 1842. It was established as a
7733:
7343:
6569:
3176:
2924:
2015:
1723:
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2121:
1900:
and also served as President of both chambers. The British government provided oversight for the colonial government; the
7673:
6455:
6343:
4797:
2748:
2504:
1913:
1909:
1335:. On 20 January, Elliot announced "the conclusion of preliminary arrangements", which included the cession of the barren
2858:
according to what the senior officials thought constituted British interests and the state of relations with China. The
8193:
8188:
7391:
6069:
5856:
5306:
3027:
2654:, the territory's oldest professional symphony orchestra, frequently hosts musicians and conductors from overseas. The
2186:
1921:
1719:
1667:
1555:, who accepted his advice to reduce further losses. A day after the invasion, Chiang ordered three corps under General
1551:. By 25 December, organised defence was reduced into pockets of resistance. Maltby recommended a surrender to Governor
1523:
In 1941, during the Second World War, the British reached an agreement with the Chinese government under Generalissimo
398:
7553:
6746:
5337:
5189:
5145:
2949:
2836:
2204:
2182:
This needs to speak in the past tense, and perhaps be a comparison of Hong Kong back then to Hong Kong as of writing.
2104:, a military unit which was part of the Hong Kong Government, was trained and organised along the lines of a British
1878:
1199:
53:
2050:
served as the main garrison formation. After the outbreak of the Second World War, the garrison was reinforced with
8258:
7426:
7413:
5798:
5562:
5257:
5250:
3136:
2974:
2651:
2070:
2043:
1893:
1518:
1417:, claimed the hauling down of the flag and arrest of the crew were "an insult of very grave character". Parkes and
1088:
817:
799:
529:
453:
1413:, a Chinese-owned ship registered in Hong Kong to enjoy the protection of the British flag. The Consul in Canton,
7642:
7373:
6214:
5960:
5710:
2883:
2803:
2632:
1917:
2662:, is the leading Chinese ensemble and plays a significant role in promoting traditional music in the community.
2605:
is a genre of Cantonese popular music which emerged in Hong Kong during the 1970s. Evolving from Shanghai-style
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1809:
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1018:
892:
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8213:
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7261:
6702:. After recognised independence in 1980, Zimbabwe was a member of the Commonwealth until it withdrew in 2003.
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5955:
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906:
3999:"HKU POP releases survey on Hong Kong people's ethnic identity and the 2018 review and 2019 forecast survey"
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tantamount to starving them into submission or death. He instructed the Elliot cousins to occupy one of the
7546:
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6920:
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6890:
6250:
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movies. The city's martial arts film roots are evident in the roles of the most prolific Hong Kong actors.
2514:
1853:
1782:
1243:
took on the task of suppressing the opium trade. In March 1839, he became Special Imperial Commissioner in
730:
131:
4155:
2490:
was released in 1972, local productions became popular outside Hong Kong. During the 1980s, films such as
7963:
7629:
6479:
5985:
5927:
5635:
3287:
3103:
2859:
2655:
1931:
1920:
effectively made the legislature broadly representative. The administrative Civil Service was led by the
1703:
1624:
1532:
1477:
1434:
1080:
2596:
has been an icon of Hong Kong music and film for several decades as a member of the Four Heavenly Kings.
2283:
in British Hong Kong since the establishment of the colony. Moreover, British English is also taught in
1658:
period of 50 years. The Joint Declaration provides that these basic policies shall be stipulated in the
1535:
would attack the Japanese from the rear to relieve pressure on the British garrison. On 8 December, the
8178:
8056:
7701:
7478:
7452:
7349:
7118:
5975:
5889:
5690:
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5630:
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4925:
4609:
4572:
4053:
3165:
2939:
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69:
1247:, where he ordered the foreign traders to surrender their opium stock. He confined the British to the
1231:
undertook a major policy review of the opium trade, which had been first introduced to the Chinese by
7992:; Ascension Island (1922β) and Tristan da Cunha (1938β) were previously dependencies of Saint Helena.
7635:
7591:
7313:
7024:
6699:
6669:
6427:
6139:
6094:
6034:
6011:
5965:
5695:
5665:
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5466:
2893:
2724:
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2137:
1953:
1486:
1482:
192:
3129:
7816:
7524:
7471:
7379:
7337:
7301:
7255:
6870:
6519:
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6049:
5922:
5813:
5803:
5670:
5112:
4802:
4748:
4390:
2934:
2701:
2444:
2377:
2101:
1979:: 1 dollar Victoria of Hong Kong, ssued in 1866, 1867, 1868, it was the first official currency of
1731:
1715:
1663:
1654:
1573:
1266:
Possibly the earliest painting of Hong Kong Island, showing the waterfront settlement which became
1130:(PRC) would not consider extending the lease or allow continued British administration thereafter.
417:
254:
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7865:
7740:
7708:
7689:
7355:
7307:
7249:
6958:
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5907:
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2770:
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2752:
2300:
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2023:
1949:
1676:
1449:, where the flat land was valuable training and resting ground. The area in what is now south of
681:
590:
247:
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Besides, the cultural integration can also be found in everyday life in Hong Kong. For example,
7504:
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to China upon the expiration of the New Territories lease in 1997 β with Hong Kong becoming a
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6171:
6161:
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4946:
Taxation Without Representation: The History of Hong Kong's Troublingly Successful Tax System
4494:
When the Cultural Revolution spilled over into riots in Hong Kong β and changed lives forever
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3495:
3239:
2944:
2849:
2777:
2498:
2486:
1885:
1831:
1640:
1422:
1343:. Elliot chose Hong Kong Island instead of Chusan because he believed a settlement nearer to
1328:
1138:
1100:
544:
477:
344:
212:
197:
4129:
4050:
China's grandmothers : gender, family, and aging from late Qing to twenty-first century
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7619:
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7498:
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7331:
7269:
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6882:
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6605:
6104:
6026:
5970:
5937:
5912:
5881:
5645:
5515:
5500:
5377:
5298:
5177:
5108:"Self-centred, demanding, materialistic and arrogant: how to steer clear of the Kong Girls"
3675:
Tsai, Jung-Fang (2005). "Wartime Experience, Collective Memories, and Hong Kong Identity".
3381:
Opium, empire and the global political economy: a study of the Asian opium trade, 1750β1950
2897:
2871:
2863:
2766:
2740:
2732:
2291:. For the metro system, the metro lines are named after places instead of numbered, unlike
1552:
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1177:
503:
5235:
2818:
2018:
introduced the Hong Kong Cadetship, which recruited young graduates from Britain to learn
8:
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6934:
6846:
6637:
6549:
6039:
5866:
5763:
5743:
5557:
5406:
4705:
Fu, Poshek (2008). "Japanese Occupation, Shanghai Exiles, and Postwar Hong Kong Cinema".
4125:
2978:
2901:
2875:
2520:
2456:
2059:
2051:
2003:
1659:
1627:. Young, upon his return as governor in May 1946, pursued political reform known as the "
1536:
1454:
1430:
1352:, commander-in-chief of British forces in China, took formal possession of the island at
1267:
146:
5017:
Smith, Gareth Dylan; Moir, Zack; Brennan, Matt; Rambarran, Shara; Kirkman, Phil (2017).
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5577:
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5567:
5429:
5094:
4730:
4722:
3881:
3818:
3742:"How did the Chinese Government settle the question of Hong Kong through negotiations?"
3218:
3001:
standard as it was the native variety of the colony; Chinese was made official in 1974.
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2671:
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in 1997. Also, China offered assurances that it would initiate special policies after
3553:
The Whites are Enemies of Heaven: Climate Caucasianism and Asian Ecological Protection
1972:
1820:
1718:(Charles III, King of the United Kingdom) who read a farewell speech on behalf of the
1425:, seized the incident to pursue a forward policy. In March 1857, Palmerston appointed
8039:
7625:
7243:
7208:
6940:
6776:
6770:
6754:
6593:
6587:
6537:
6507:
6437:
6054:
5917:
5768:
5389:
5367:
5352:
5333:
5318:
5209:
5185:
5163:
5141:
5098:
5063:
5028:
4991:
4954:
4929:
4892:
4871:
4834:
4734:
4679:
4646:
4613:
4576:
4551:
4067:
4057:
3885:
3862:
3839:
3797:
3766:
3741:
3560:
3385:
3324:
3317:
2659:
2509:
2492:
2386:
2336:
2280:
2172:
2074:
1540:
1446:
1389:
By 1842, Hong Kong had become the major arms supply port in the Asia-Pacific region.
1371:
1324:
1283:
1262:
1115:
1002:
994:
490:
222:
166:
90:
85:
5303:
An Eastern EntrepΓ΄t: A Collection of Documents Illustrating the History of Hong Kong
8130:
8070:
7996:
7929:
7921:
7913:
7841:
7752:
7720:
7607:
7407:
7319:
7104:
6630:
6623:
6525:
6410:
6358:
6134:
6099:
6044:
5899:
5793:
5533:
5419:
5086:
4830:
4714:
3871:
2990:
2919:
2713:
2693:
2681:
2324:
2304:
2288:
2125:
2035:
1647:
1548:
1469:
1379:
1353:
1336:
1304:
1248:
1222:
1096:
929:
780:
712:
656:
171:
6244:
3836:
Hong Kong's Court of Final Appeal: The Development of the Law in China's Hong Kong
1869:
of the United Kingdom and maintained an administration roughly modelled after the
8089:
7949:
7726:
7655:
7446:
7385:
7224:
6908:
6810:
6513:
5932:
5199:
5018:
4981:
4944:
4919:
4886:
4861:
4824:
4673:
4640:
4603:
4566:
4500:
3379:
2612:
2276:
2272:
2222:
2063:
1528:
1524:
1498:
1494:
1450:
1332:
1311:
for a treaty, and if the Chinese resisted, then to blockade the key ports of the
1287:
1123:
980:
364:
4826:
School Music Education and Social Change in Mainland China, Hong Kong and Taiwan
2022:
and written Chinese for two years, before deploying them on a fast track to the
8082:
7834:
7822:
7667:
7283:
7212:
7201:
6990:
6952:
6858:
6822:
6816:
6782:
6323:
6246:
4775:
4744:"It's fade out for Hong Kong's film industry as China moves into the spotlight"
3810:
Lewis, D. J. (April 1983). "A Requiem for Chinese Customary Law in Hong Kong".
3520:
3405:
3375:
3253:
2929:
2736:
2435:
2372:
2292:
2284:
2241:
2110:
2007:
1620:
1612:
1383:
1252:
1232:
1084:
964:
724:
273:
5424:
5402:"The Legacy of the British Administration of Hong Kong: A View from Hong Kong"
5401:
4718:
4071:
3798:
Green Paper: The Further Development of Representative Government in Hong Kong
1785:. This event was broadcast on television and radio stations across the world.
8172:
8154:
8141:
7875:
7695:
6876:
6760:
5059:
3876:
3857:
3843:
3762:
3283:
2709:
2644:
2624:
2586:
2545:
2461:
2430:
2264:
mirrors are regularly used to deflect evil spirits, and buildings often lack
2237:
2218:
2055:
1995:
1778:
1688:
1367:
1349:
1340:
1312:
1308:
1104:
746:
463:
2814:
2409:(brunch), is a dining-out tradition with family and friends. Dishes include
8118:
7905:
7613:
7174:
7168:
7149:
6914:
6649:
6556:
6495:
6489:
5090:
2728:
2541:
2525:
2233:
2229:
2093:, but formed part of the British Army. The size of the garrison during the
2039:
1984:
1866:
1826:
1804:
1743:
1684:
1490:
1473:
1418:
1375:
1316:
1296:
1228:
1114:
in 1843. In 1860, the British expanded the colony with the addition of the
1111:
1076:
936:
718:
382:
333:
124:
5322:
8094:
8022:
7518:
7419:
7230:
6834:
6734:
6449:
6443:
6191:
5155:
5133:
4921:
The Quest for Gold: Fifty Years of Amateur Sports in Hong Kong, 1947β1997
3693:
Hong Kong: The Pearl Made of British Mastery and Chinese Docile-Diligence
2889:
2762:
2529:
2415:
2145:
2081:
and dispatched it to garrison Hong Kong. It later left for combat in the
1999:
1976:
1945:
1766:
1680:
1362:
1092:
309:
237:
4726:
3222:
3207:"Government and People in Hong Kong 1841-1962: A Constitutional History"
3206:
1952:
taking a secondary role in civil cases involving Chinese residents. The
7295:
7276:
7019:
6798:
6417:
6337:
6201:
5314:
4001:. Public Opinion Programme, University of Hong Kong. 27 December 2018.
2636:
2533:
2390:
2312:
2082:
1848:
1735:
1727:
1692:
1569:
1357:
434:
285:
5433:
3822:
1842:
1397:
1303:, then to present a letter from himself to a Chinese official for the
7941:
6794:
6543:
6330:
6129:
5489:
5024:
4867:
3771:
Chinese Government had decided to recover all of the Hong Kong region
2994:
2765:
races originated as a religious ceremony conducted during the annual
2640:
2620:
2577:
2481:
2320:
2308:
2268:; the number has a similar sound to the word for "die" in Cantonese.
2250:
2148:, who had become one of the colony's wealthiest people by this time.
2019:
1961:, which exercised final adjudication over the entire British Empire.
1696:
1556:
1460:
1244:
1011:
869:
836:
321:
2977:
Hong Kong from 1941 to 1945, nevertheless nominally that was only a
2346:
2073:, the British military reestablished a presence. As a result of the
7869:
7784:
7063:
7015:
6764:
6691:
6677:
6673:
6643:
6431:
2628:
2607:
2602:
2593:
2426:
2094:
1988:
1877:
formed the constitutional basis of the colonial government and the
1711:
1344:
1300:
1292:
1240:
1032:
950:
741:
297:
202:
151:
3858:"Public opinion polls and covert colonialism in British Hong Kong"
2443:
menu items include macaroni in soup, deep-fried French toast, and
1509:
7778:
7111:
7071:
6664:
6421:
6380:
5056:
The Fall of Hong Kong: Britain, China and the Japanese Occupation
2616:
2421:
2405:
2400:
2395:
2355:
1774:
1236:
232:
2568:
2327:
speaker may recognise the words but not understand the meaning.
7788:
7163:
6928:
6706:
6311:
6109:
2867:
2615:
and Western pop. Local media featured songs by artists such as
2537:
2410:
2086:
1118:
and was was further extended in 1898 when the British obtained
207:
1714:
on the night of 30 June 1997. The principal British guest was
1168:
deal primarily with the United Kingdom and do not represent a
7289:
7011:
6483:
2720:
2316:
2260:
2090:
2010:
in 1903, the British trade dollar was only used by Hong Kong.
1881:
detailed how the territory should be governed and organised.
1543:
in the New Territories. The British commander, Major-General
5458:
5234:
4568:
Death, Dying and Bereavement: a Hong Kong Chinese Experience
4455:
3211:
Journal of the Hong Kong Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society
6840:
6196:
6166:
5138:
A Documentary History of Hong Kong: Government and Politics
5020:
The Routledge Research Companion to Popular Music Education
1513:
Japanese troops crossing the border from the mainland, 1941
1251:
and cut off their supplies. Chief Superintendent of Trade,
1095:. The colonial period began with the British occupation of
5364:
Hong Kong's History: State and Society Under Colonial Rule
3017:
were both used by the British administrators of Hong Kong.
2692:
Despite its small area, the territory regularly hosts the
5016:
4323:
1924:(later Chief Secretary), who was deputy to the Governor.
1501:. The British formally took possession on 16 April 1899.
1051:
1037:
1023:
3722:
3645:
3439:
3437:
2769:. The race was revived as a modern sport as part of the
2311:
is celebrated as the second-most important festival. In
2097:
fluctuated and ended up being based around one brigade.
5201:
City Voices: Hong Kong writing in English, 1945βpresent
3597:
3502:
5452:
4461:
3909:
3907:
3892:
3609:
3585:
3454:
3452:
8054:
7894:
7027:. Iraq's mandate was not enacted and replaced by the
4771:"Asian Cup: Know Your History β Part One (1956β1988)"
3434:
1910:
functional constituency seats were introduced in 1985
1611:
British forces reoccupy Hong Kong under Rear-Admiral
1370:
from the warships. Hong Kong Island was ceded in the
999:
985:
969:
955:
941:
5449:
Official website of the British Hong Kong Government
5343:
Liu, Shuyong; Wang, Wenjiong; Chang, Mingyu (1997).
5293:
Hong Kong Since 1945: An Economic and Social History
5264:
4798:"Forgotten stories of the great escape to Hong Kong"
4522:
4035:
3710:
3698:
3633:
3621:
2731:
won the territory's first Olympic gold medal at the
2258:
is believed to determine the success of a business.
4983:
Ethnic American Food Today: A Cultural Encyclopedia
3919:
3904:
3573:
3532:
3464:
3449:
517:
Convention for the Extension of Hong Kong Territory
4510:
3657:
3410:"Opium as a commodity and the Chinese drug plague"
3343:
3316:
2853:Police confrontation during the 1967 leftist riots
2755:, the city's last appearance in the latter was in
2719:Hong Kong often represents itself separately from
2474:known to overseas audiences through films such as
8224:Former British colonies and protectorates in Asia
4859:
4359:
3476:
2323:are directly translated from those in English. A
1323:In 1841, Elliot negotiated with Lin's successor,
16:British colony and dependent territory, 1841-1997
8170:
3026:The office of Colonial Secretary was renamed to
2862:(1925β1926) was anti-imperialist in nature. The
2592:is considered a pioneering Cantopop artist, and
1888:was the head of government and appointed by the
4386:"FENCE-TASTIC! Cheung Ka-long wins gold for HK"
3812:The International and Comparative Law Quarterly
2433:. Local versions of Western food are served at
2136:The stability, security, and predictability of
3404:
2983:
2069:After the Second World War and the end of the
1580:
8254:States and territories disestablished in 1997
8244:States and territories disestablished in 1941
7554:
6230:
5474:
5249:
4638:
4439:
4437:
4191:
4175:
4173:
4023:
3791:
3789:
3787:
3785:
3314:
2228:Traditional Chinese family values, including
1673:The Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation
1378:after the ratification exchanged between the
1166:The examples and perspective in this section
911:
897:
28:
7989:Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha
7972:South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands
7850:South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands
5076:
4671:
4428:
4384:Shum, Michael; Chow, Carine (27 July 2021).
4084:
3350:American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education
4860:Horne, John; Manzenreiter, Wolfram (2002).
2684:, considered the premier tournament of the
1497:and 230 islands, which became known as the
8249:States and territories established in 1945
8239:States and territories established in 1841
7561:
7547:
6237:
6223:
5481:
5467:
5455:on 24 December 1996. Retrieved 2013-03-26.
5382:A Borrowed Place: The History of Hong Kong
5332:. Hong Kong History Society. p. 114.
5330:Forts and Pirates β A History of Hong Kong
4942:
4672:Fowler, Jeaneane D.; Fowler, Merv (2008).
4443:
4434:
4170:
3817:(2): 347β379. Cambridge University Press.
3782:
3529:. Volume 2. London: Henry Colburn. p. 148.
3488:
2817:. Please do not remove this message until
2217:Hong Kong is characterised as a hybrid of
1708:Hong Kong Convention and Exhibition Centre
1634:
1184:, or create a new section, as appropriate.
109:
8204:1841 establishments in the British Empire
8184:Hong Kong and the Commonwealth of Nations
5423:
5140:, Hong Kong: Hong Kong University Press,
3875:
3838:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
2892:, director of the China Institute of the
2837:Learn how and when to remove this message
2647:are popular in and beyond the territory.
2205:Learn how and when to remove this message
1212:
1200:Learn how and when to remove this message
666:
7033:Legitimacy of territorial establishment
5197:
4917:
4675:Chinese Religions: Beliefs and Practices
4564:
4483:. Hong Kong: Hong Kong University Press.
4416:
4383:
4371:
4108:
4096:
3550:
3398:
3368:
3276:
3246:
2848:
2813:Relevant discussion may be found on the
2675:
2460:
2385:Food in Hong Kong is primarily based on
2120:
1994:
1971:
1926:
1606:
1508:
1459:
1396:
1261:
1227:In 1836, the imperial government of the
5834:Special administrative regions of China
4768:
4545:
4347:
4239:
4227:
3949:
3937:
2665:
2469:, a tribute to the city's film industry
1959:Judicial Committee of the Privy Council
1914:geographical constituency seats in 1991
1457:was ceded in the Convention of Peking.
1392:
1374:on 29 August 1842 and established as a
8171:
8018:Historical flags of the British Empire
8002:Claimed in 1908; territory formed 1985
4645:. City University of Hong Kong Press.
3374:
3337:
3308:
3296:from the original on 23 September 2006
3282:
3204:
3094:
3092:
3004:
2894:School of Oriental and African Studies
2367:Typical fare at a dim sum restaurant;
2006:... but after the introduction of the
1504:
1053:
1001:
7893:
7805:
7542:
7051:
6723:
6398:
6294:
6218:
5462:
5176:
5154:
5132:
5120:from the original on 28 December 2017
4810:from the original on 28 December 2017
4639:Curry, Janel; Hanstedt, Paul (2014).
4605:Hong Kong Cantopop: A Concise History
4528:
4516:
4481:Hong Kong's Watershed: The 1967 Riots
4467:
3925:
3913:
3898:
3728:
3716:
3704:
3651:
3639:
3627:
3615:
3603:
3591:
3579:
3538:
3526:Narrative of a Voyage Round the World
3508:
3482:
3470:
3458:
3443:
3110:from the original on 19 November 2018
2955:Commander British Forces in Hong Kong
1750:of the United Kingdom, Field Marshal
1472:, representing Britain, and diplomat
1437:and occupation of Beijing led to the
1239:traders over many centuries. Viceroy
5399:
5053:
4979:
4918:Lam, S.F.; Chang, Julian W. (2005).
4642:Reading Hong Kong, Reading Ourselves
4550:. Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield.
4203:
4179:
4047:
3663:
3177:United Nations Development Programme
3077:from the original on 13 October 2018
2787:
2155:
2046:and their associate land units. The
1724:Prime Minister of the United Kingdom
1152:
8209:1997 disestablishments in Hong Kong
7829:Saint Andrew and Providence Islands
6672:. British Cameroons is now part of
5105:
4884:
4863:Japan, Korea and the 2002 World Cup
4601:
4311:
4299:
4287:
4275:
4263:
4114:
3985:
3973:
3855:
3089:
2505:Zu Warriors from the Magic Mountain
13:
8234:Hong KongβUnited Kingdom relations
6688:unilaterally declared independence
6383:1708β1757, 1763β1782 and 1798β1802
5285:
5184:, London, England: HarperCollins,
4822:
4795:
4741:
4704:
4335:
4251:
4215:
4005:from the original on 27 March 2019
3961:
3795:Hong Kong Government (July 1984).
3752:from the original on 13 March 2007
3544:
2874:, essentially spillovers from the
2745:126 medals at the Paralympic Games
1668:Hong Kong and Macau Affairs Office
1219:History of Hong Kong (1800sβ1930s)
14:
8270:
7895:Antarctica and the South Atlantic
7874:Occupied by Argentina during the
7806:
7052:
5441:
5222:from the original on 16 July 2023
5041:from the original on 16 July 2023
5004:from the original on 16 July 2023
4967:from the original on 16 July 2023
4905:from the original on 16 July 2023
4847:from the original on 16 July 2023
4692:from the original on 16 July 2023
4659:from the original on 16 July 2023
4626:from the original on 16 July 2023
4589:from the original on 16 July 2023
4565:Chan, Cecilia; Chow, Amy (2006).
4456:Inland Revenue Annual Report 2017
4398:from the original on 27 July 2021
3264:from the original on 16 July 2023
3186:from the original on 13 July 2017
3146:from the original on 3 March 2016
2950:British Forces Overseas Hong Kong
1944:The judicial system was based on
8199:1841 establishments in Hong Kong
8124:
8112:
8100:
8088:
8076:
8064:
8038:
8029:
8028:
7441:Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
5400:Chan, Ming K. (September 1997).
5277:Census and Statistics Department
5162:, London, England: I.B. Tauris,
5106:Tam, Luisa (11 September 2017).
4783:from the original on 31 May 2019
4756:from the original on 29 May 2018
4122:"Hong Kong Basic Law: Chapter I"
3801:. Hong Kong: Government Printer.
3068:Census and Statistics Department
2792:
2652:Hong Kong Philharmonic Orchestra
2576:
2567:
2508:expanded global interest beyond
2439:(Hong Kong-style cafes). Common
2354:
2345:
2160:
2071:Japanese occupation of Hong Kong
2044:Hong Kong Military Service Corps
1918:Further electoral reform in 1994
1841:
1819:
1797:
1706:was held at the new wing of the
1679:, Hong Kong celebrities such as
1560:1,996 killed and 6,000 wounded.
1519:Japanese occupation of Hong Kong
1157:
846:
827:
792:
773:
691:
690:
665:
530:Japanese occupation of Hong Kong
96:
62:
46:
5534:Bao'an County and Xin'an County
5345:An Outline History of Hong Kong
5307:Her Majesty's Stationery Office
4796:He, Huifeng (13 January 2013).
4486:
4473:
4449:
4422:
4410:
4377:
4365:
4353:
4341:
4329:
4317:
4305:
4293:
4281:
4269:
4257:
4245:
4233:
4221:
4209:
4197:
4185:
4144:
4102:
4090:
4078:
4041:
4029:
4017:
3991:
3979:
3967:
3955:
3943:
3931:
3849:
3828:
3804:
3734:
3685:
3669:
3514:
3232:
2993:was listed in legislation, but
2884:Anti-British Struggle Committee
2038:, the garrison was composed of
1386:was completed on 26 June 1843.
1052:
1038:
1024:
8219:ChinaβUnited Kingdom relations
7937:Australian Antarctic Territory
6793:since 1965 (before as part of
6790:British Indian Ocean Territory
6676:, while Tanganyika is part of
6310:since 1960 (before as part of
5829:Sino-British Joint Declaration
5666:Country parks and conservation
5079:Journal of Sport & Tourism
4548:A concise history of Hong Kong
4492:Cheung, Gary (10 June 2016). "
3198:
3158:
3122:
3049:
3020:
2967:
2743:. Hong Kong athletes have won
2077:, the British Army raised the
1135:Sino-British Joint Declaration
1000:
986:
970:
956:
942:
912:
898:
579:5,796/km (15,011.6/sq mi)
1:
5488:
5328:Lui, Adam Yuen-chung (1990).
5198:Xi, Xu; Ingham, Mike (2003).
5160:A Modern History of Hong Kong
4769:Ghoshal, Amoy (1 July 2011).
4360:Horne & Manzenreiter 2002
4052:. Cambridge, United Kingdom:
3856:Mok, Florence (9 July 2018).
3173:Human Development Report 2016
3037:
2660:classical Chinese instruments
1935:
1788:
1143:special administrative region
1139:transfer the entire territory
1089:period of Japanese occupation
6251:British Overseas Territories
4943:Littlewood, Michael (2010).
4479:Cheung, Gary Ka-wai (2009).
4152:"English language education"
3042:
2749:17 at the Commonwealth Games
1783:Chief Executive of Hong Kong
1757:Representing China were the
29:
7:
7964:British Antarctic Territory
7674:Western Pacific Territories
7568:
4742:Ge, Celine (28 July 2017).
3344:Paul L. Schiff Jr. (2002).
3323:. Oxford University Press.
3130:Gini Coefficient Fact Sheet
3104:International Monetary Fund
2913:
2819:conditions to do so are met
2708:, and hosted the inaugural
2656:Hong Kong Chinese Orchestra
2611:, it is also influenced by
2465:Statue of Bruce Lee on the
2248:Spiritual concepts such as
2180:. The specific problem is:
2029:
1581:Restoration of British rule
1478:Second Convention of Peking
1286:in 1840. Foreign Secretary
1180:, discuss the issue on the
1145:(SAR) until at least 2047.
132:British Dependent Territory
10:
8275:
7702:Gilbert and Ellice Islands
7119:British Arctic Territories
6399:
6295:
5416:Cambridge University Press
5366:. Routledge. p. 205.
5206:Hong Kong University Press
4951:Hong Kong University Press
4926:Hong Kong University Press
4610:Hong Kong University Press
4573:Hong Kong University Press
4538:
4054:Cambridge University Press
3695:. Nova Publishers. p. 109.
3677:China Review International
3551:Driscoll, Mark W. (2020).
2783:
2669:
2556:
2454:
2334:
2330:
2151:
2116:
1954:Supreme Court of Hong Kong
1748:Chief of the Defence Staff
1638:
1584:
1516:
1216:
1148:
1128:People's Republic of China
1087:from 1841 to 1997, with a
8194:20th century in Hong Kong
8189:19th century in Hong Kong
8013:
7982:
7942:Commonwealth of Australia
7900:
7889:
7860:
7812:
7801:
7767:
7574:
7538:
7344:Newfoundland and Labrador
7058:
7047:
7025:League of Nations mandate
7006:
6730:
6719:
6700:Lancaster House Agreement
6670:League of Nations mandate
6659:
6405:
6394:
6301:
6290:
6257:
6025:
5999:
5946:
5880:
5842:
5729:
5616:
5514:
5496:
5425:10.1017/S0305741000046828
5273:2016 Population By-Census
5243:Inland Revenue Department
5062:: Yale University Press,
4719:10.1017/S030574100800043X
4678:. Sussex Academic Press.
4546:Carroll, John M. (2007).
4507:. Retrieved 10 July 2018.
4192:Curry & Hanstedt 2014
4036:Population By-Census 2016
3346:"Opium and its alkaloids"
3064:1996 Population By-Census
2925:British Military Hospital
2882:supporters organised the
2686:World Rugby Sevens Series
2450:
1967:
1476:leading the Chinese, the
1435:capture of the Taku Forts
1307:, then to proceed to the
1091:from 1941 to 1945 during
1066:
1045:
1031:
1017:
1010:
993:
979:
963:
949:
935:
928:
923:
919:
905:
891:
887:
882:
862:
752:
740:
705:
680:
655:
645:
635:
621:
611:
601:
583:
573:
563:
558:
554:
541:
526:
513:
500:
487:
474:
470:
459:
449:
445:
428:
411:
407:
397:
393:
376:
357:
353:
343:
339:
327:
315:
303:
291:
279:
267:
263:
253:
243:
231:
185:
159:
142:
117:
108:
80:
42:
37:
23:
7472:Turks and Caicos Islands
6779:(protectorate) 1907β1949
6724:
6354:(integrated into the UK)
6050:Cheung Chau Bun Festival
5814:One country, two systems
5706:Public parks and gardens
5651:Buildings and structures
5626:Administrative divisions
5113:South China Morning Post
4988:Rowman & Littlefield
4803:South China Morning Post
4749:South China Morning Post
4505:South China Morning Post
4429:Sofield & Sivan 2003
4218:, pp. 381, 388β389.
4085:Fowler & Fowler 2008
3877:10.1177/0920203X18787431
2960:
2935:Royal Hong Kong Regiment
2751:. No longer part of the
2702:Hong Kong Tennis Classic
2688:, is played each spring.
2552:
2445:Hong Kong-style milk tea
2378:Hong Kong-style milk tea
2102:Royal Hong Kong Regiment
2034:Prior to and during the
1732:British Foreign Minister
1716:Charles, Prince of Wales
1664:Great Hall of the People
1655:One Country, Two Systems
1531:attacked Hong Kong, the
1133:With the signing of the
893:Traditional Chinese
8259:Former colonies in Asia
7755:1919β1942 and 1945β1968
7580:18th and 19th centuries
7396:Queen Charlotte Islands
7356:North-Western Territory
7328:1665β1674 and 1702β1776
6931:1781β1784 and 1795β1819
6596:1923β1965 and 1979β1980
6282:Commonwealth of Nations
5349:Foreign Languages Press
3691:Zhang, Wei-Bin (2006).
3499:. Volume 10. pp. 63β64.
3254:"The Joint Declaration"
3205:Lupton, Colina (1965).
2989:No specific variety of
2880:Chinese Communist Party
2860:CantonβHong Kong strike
2753:Commonwealth of Nations
2477:The World of Suzie Wong
2303:and places. Aside from
2089:. The latter came from
1677:Standard Chartered Bank
1653:In accordance with the
1635:Transfer of sovereignty
1366:from the marines and a
1339:and its harbour to the
1273:In September 1839, the
1039:jing1 suk6 hoeng1 gong2
907:Simplified Chinese
248:Constitutional monarchy
160:Official languages
7505:West Indies Federation
6694:) and continued as an
6280:Current member of the
5862:Food and Health Bureau
5686:Islands and peninsulas
5386:Kodansha International
5362:Ngo, Tak-Wing (1999).
5291:Clayton, Adam (2003).
5182:A History of Hong Kong
5091:10.1080/14775080306242
4980:Long, Lucy M. (2015).
4823:Ho, Wai-chung (2011).
4266:, pp. 1β9, 24β25.
3496:The Chinese Repository
3315:Philip Robson (1999).
2911:
2854:
2739:won the second one in
2689:
2470:
2266:floor numbers with a 4
2133:
2079:40th Infantry Division
2011:
1992:
1941:
1912:and popularly elected
1722:. The newly appointed
1616:
1514:
1465:
1464:Hong Kong in the 1930s
1433:in 1856. In 1860, the
1405:
1270:
1213:Colonial establishment
128:(1843β1941; 1945β1981)
88:(1841β1901; 1952β1997)
7427:Saint Kitts and Nevis
6698:state until the 1979
6307:Akrotiri and Dhekelia
6085:Hong Kong nationalism
6070:Heritage conservation
5593:Handover of Hong Kong
5236:Annual Report 2016β17
5054:Snow, Philip (2004),
4885:Lam, Wai-man (2015).
4602:Chu, Yiu-wai (2017).
3557:Duke University Press
2945:Flags of Elizabeth II
2906:
2852:
2778:Hong Kong Jockey Club
2733:1996 Atlanta Olympics
2679:
2515:Farewell My Concubine
2487:The Way of the Dragon
2464:
2128:in 1988, showing the
2124:
2016:Sir Hercules Robinson
1998:
1975:
1950:Chinese customary law
1930:
1759:CCP General Secretary
1740:Governor of Hong Kong
1641:Handover of Hong Kong
1610:
1585:Further information:
1533:Chinese National Army
1512:
1463:
1423:Governor of Hong Kong
1400:
1329:Convention of Chuenpi
1265:
1217:Further information:
1101:Convention of Chuenpi
545:Handover of Hong Kong
8229:History of Hong Kong
8214:Concessions in China
7955:Realm of New Zealand
7953:(transferred to the
7940:(transferred to the
7773:Realm of New Zealand
7374:Prince Edward Island
7252:1671β1816, 1833β1960
6367:Malta (Protectorate)
4417:Lam & Chang 2005
4372:Lam & Chang 2005
4109:Chan & Chow 2006
4097:Xi & Ingham 2003
4048:Lary, Diana (2022).
3775:recovering Hong Kong
3748:. 15 November 2000.
2940:Political Department
2898:University of London
2666:Sport and recreation
2376:breakfast food with
2279:and also one of the
2187:improve this article
2176:to meet Knowledge's
1470:Sir Claude MacDonald
1443:Convention of Peking
1393:Growth and expansion
1178:improve this section
1025:YΔ«ng suhk hΔung gΓ³ng
972:Ying-shu Hsiang-kang
565:β’ 1996 estimate
504:Convention of Peking
8151: /
7986:Since 2009 part of
7878:of AprilβJune 1982.
7465:Trinidad and Tobago
7079:Antigua and Barbuda
6979:Straits Settlements
5799:Legislative Council
5701:Mountains and peaks
5563:Japanese occupation
5558:Battle of Hong Kong
5407:The China Quarterly
5258:Legislative Council
4707:The China Quarterly
4499:12 May 2017 at the
4314:, pp. 159β164.
4290:, pp. 107β116.
4132:on 23 November 2017
4126:Hong Kong Basic Law
3952:, pp. 167β172.
3731:, pp. 143β144.
3654:, pp. 123β124.
3137:Legislative Council
2979:military occupation
2902:Chinese nationalism
2876:Cultural Revolution
2806:of this section is
2633:Four Heavenly Kings
2457:Cinema of Hong Kong
2238:preference for sons
2130:Bank of China Tower
2060:Battle of Hong Kong
2052:British Indian Army
2004:Straits Settlements
1983:and also the first
1894:Legislative Council
1752:Sir Charles Guthrie
1693:Martin Lee Chu-ming
1660:Hong Kong Basic Law
1537:Battle of Hong Kong
1505:Japanese occupation
1455:Stonecutters Island
1431:a French missionary
1360:was raised under a
1257:destroyed in public
1081:dependent territory
454:Legislative Council
365:Sir Henry Pottinger
7138:Cape Breton Island
7029:Anglo-Iraqi Treaty
6871:Unfederated States
6686:Southern Rhodesia
6276:Commonwealth realm
5251:Family Survey 2013
4158:on 2 February 2022
4024:Family Survey 2013
3606:, pp. 33, 35.
3511:, pp. 11, 21.
3356:on 21 October 2007
2886:during the riots.
2855:
2706:Lunar New Year Cup
2698:Hong Kong Marathon
2690:
2672:Sport in Hong Kong
2559:Music of Hong Kong
2510:martial arts films
2471:
2281:official languages
2134:
2014:In 1861, Governor
2012:
1993:
1942:
1922:Colonial Secretary
1879:Royal Instructions
1871:Westminster system
1763:President of China
1617:
1603:1990s in Hong Kong
1599:1980s in Hong Kong
1595:1970s in Hong Kong
1591:1960s in Hong Kong
1587:1950s in Hong Kong
1545:Christopher Maltby
1515:
1466:
1439:Treaty of Tientsin
1406:
1402:Spring Garden Lane
1299:delta across from
1271:
987:Ying-shΗ SianggΗng
823:Japanese Hong Kong
805:Japanese Hong Kong
631:1996 estimate
597:1996 estimate
535:25 December 1941 β
86:God Save the Queen
8179:British Hong Kong
8052:
8051:
8009:
8008:
7885:
7884:
7817:Providence Island
7797:
7796:
7762:
7761:
7630:Western Australia
7598:Van Diemen's Land
7534:
7533:
7511:Associated States
7209:Columbia District
7043:
7042:
6897:Manila and Cavite
6715:
6714:
6594:Southern Rhodesia
6588:South-West Africa
6538:Northern Rhodesia
6450:Cape of Good Hope
6390:
6389:
6270:Current territory
6212:
6211:
5819:Political parties
5774:Foreign relations
5506:Index of articles
5451:". Archived from
5394:978-1-56836-002-7
5372:978-0-415-20868-0
5357:978-7-119-01946-8
5215:978-962-209-605-9
5169:978-1-84511-419-0
5034:978-1-4724-6498-9
4997:978-1-4422-2730-9
4960:978-962-209-099-6
4935:978-962-209-765-0
4898:978-1-317-45301-7
4877:978-0-415-27563-7
4840:978-90-04-18917-1
4685:978-1-84519-172-6
4652:978-962-937-235-4
4619:978-988-8390-58-8
4582:978-962-209-787-2
4557:978-0-7425-3422-3
4470:, pp. 80β81.
4446:, pp. 16β17.
4324:Smith et al. 2017
4278:, pp. 77β85.
4063:978-1-009-06478-1
4026:, pp. 12β13.
3901:, pp. 25β26.
3863:China Information
3618:, pp. 38β41.
3594:, pp. 32β33.
3566:978-1-4780-1121-7
3391:978-0-415-19918-6
3330:978-0-19-262955-5
3292:. PBS Frontline.
3243:(1984). pp. 1, 8.
3139:. December 2004.
3070:. December 1996.
2930:British Education
2847:
2846:
2839:
2493:A Better Tomorrow
2387:Cantonese cuisine
2337:Hong Kong cuisine
2289:secondary schools
2240:, are prevalent.
2215:
2214:
2207:
2178:quality standards
2169:This article may
2075:Chinese Civil War
2048:Hong Kong Brigade
1981:British Hong Kong
1902:Foreign Secretary
1898:Executive Council
1858:
1836:
1814:
1754:, also attended.
1704:handover ceremony
1541:Gin Drinkers Line
1447:Kowloon Peninsula
1372:Treaty of Nanking
1284:plenipotentiaries
1210:
1209:
1202:
1116:Kowloon Peninsula
1070:
1069:
1062:
1061:
1019:Yale Romanization
943:YΔ«ngshΗ XiΔnggΗng
930:Standard Mandarin
883:British Hong Kong
878:
877:
858:
857:
854:
853:
810:
809:
647:β’ Per capita
613:β’ Per capita
491:Treaty of Nanking
430:β’ 1993β1997
378:β’ 1992β1997
359:β’ 1843β1844
329:β’ 1952β1997
317:β’ 1936β1952
293:β’ 1910β1936
281:β’ 1901β1910
269:β’ 1841β1901
101:
91:God Save the King
8266:
8166:
8165:
8163:
8162:
8161:
8156:
8155:22.28Β°N 114.16Β°E
8152:
8149:
8148:
8147:
8144:
8129:
8128:
8127:
8117:
8116:
8115:
8105:
8104:
8103:
8093:
8092:
8081:
8080:
8079:
8069:
8068:
8067:
8060:
8042:
8032:
8031:
7997:Antarctic Treaty
7958:
7945:
7930:Falkland Islands
7922:Tristan da Cunha
7914:Ascension Island
7891:
7890:
7842:Falkland Islands
7803:
7802:
7771:Now part of the
7643:Pitcairn Islands
7608:Auckland Islands
7577:
7576:
7563:
7556:
7549:
7540:
7539:
7525:Windward Islands
7479:Vancouver Island
7256:MassachusettsBay
7125:British Columbia
7049:
7048:
6865:Federated States
6721:
6720:
6631:Tristan da Cunha
6600:Southern Nigeria
6532:Northern Nigeria
6411:Ascension Island
6396:
6395:
6355:
6292:
6291:
6266:Former territory
6263:
6239:
6232:
6225:
6216:
6215:
6100:Lion Rock Spirit
6075:Hong Kong orchid
5903:
5676:Land reclamation
5661:Cities and towns
5483:
5476:
5469:
5460:
5459:
5437:
5427:
5280:
5270:
5261:
5255:
5246:
5240:
5231:
5229:
5227:
5194:
5172:
5150:
5129:
5127:
5125:
5102:
5072:
5050:
5048:
5046:
5013:
5011:
5009:
4976:
4974:
4972:
4939:
4914:
4912:
4910:
4881:
4856:
4854:
4852:
4831:Brill Publishers
4819:
4817:
4815:
4792:
4790:
4788:
4765:
4763:
4761:
4738:
4713:(194): 380β394.
4701:
4699:
4697:
4668:
4666:
4664:
4635:
4633:
4631:
4598:
4596:
4594:
4561:
4532:
4526:
4520:
4514:
4508:
4490:
4484:
4477:
4471:
4465:
4459:
4453:
4447:
4441:
4432:
4426:
4420:
4414:
4408:
4407:
4405:
4403:
4381:
4375:
4369:
4363:
4357:
4351:
4345:
4339:
4333:
4327:
4321:
4315:
4309:
4303:
4302:, pp. 9β10.
4297:
4291:
4285:
4279:
4273:
4267:
4261:
4255:
4249:
4243:
4237:
4231:
4225:
4219:
4213:
4207:
4201:
4195:
4194:, pp. 9β12.
4189:
4183:
4177:
4168:
4167:
4165:
4163:
4154:. Archived from
4148:
4142:
4141:
4139:
4137:
4128:. Archived from
4118:
4112:
4106:
4100:
4094:
4088:
4082:
4076:
4075:
4045:
4039:
4033:
4027:
4021:
4015:
4014:
4012:
4010:
3995:
3989:
3983:
3977:
3971:
3965:
3959:
3953:
3947:
3941:
3935:
3929:
3923:
3917:
3911:
3902:
3896:
3890:
3889:
3879:
3853:
3847:
3832:
3826:
3808:
3802:
3793:
3780:
3779:
3759:
3757:
3738:
3732:
3726:
3720:
3714:
3708:
3702:
3696:
3689:
3683:
3673:
3667:
3661:
3655:
3649:
3643:
3637:
3631:
3625:
3619:
3613:
3607:
3601:
3595:
3589:
3583:
3577:
3571:
3570:
3548:
3542:
3536:
3530:
3518:
3512:
3506:
3500:
3492:
3486:
3480:
3474:
3468:
3462:
3456:
3447:
3446:, pp. 9β10.
3441:
3432:
3431:
3429:
3427:
3421:
3415:. Archived from
3414:
3402:
3396:
3395:
3372:
3366:
3365:
3363:
3361:
3352:. Archived from
3341:
3335:
3334:
3322:
3312:
3306:
3305:
3303:
3301:
3280:
3274:
3273:
3271:
3269:
3250:
3244:
3236:
3230:
3229:
3202:
3196:
3195:
3193:
3191:
3185:
3170:
3162:
3156:
3155:
3153:
3151:
3145:
3134:
3126:
3120:
3119:
3117:
3115:
3096:
3087:
3086:
3084:
3082:
3076:
3061:
3053:
3031:
3024:
3018:
3008:
3002:
2987:
2981:
2971:
2920:Emperor of India
2904:. He explained:
2842:
2835:
2831:
2828:
2822:
2796:
2795:
2788:
2767:Tuen Ng Festival
2725:four gold medals
2714:1995 Dynasty Cup
2694:Hong Kong Sevens
2682:Hong Kong Sevens
2580:
2571:
2358:
2349:
2325:Mandarin Chinese
2305:Chinese New Year
2242:Nuclear families
2210:
2203:
2199:
2196:
2190:
2164:
2163:
2156:
2126:Victoria Harbour
2106:Territorial Army
2036:Second World War
1940:
1937:
1932:Government House
1865:Hong Kong was a
1852:
1845:
1830:
1823:
1808:
1801:
1771:Premier of China
1738:; the departing
1648:Hong Kong Island
1625:Government House
1615:, 30 August 1945
1549:Victoria Harbour
1419:Sir John Bowring
1380:Daoguang Emperor
1354:Possession Point
1337:Hong Kong Island
1305:Emperor of China
1249:Canton Factories
1205:
1198:
1194:
1191:
1185:
1161:
1160:
1153:
1097:Hong Kong Island
1058:
1057:
1056:
1041:
1040:
1027:
1026:
1006:
1005:
1004:
989:
988:
975:
974:
973:
959:
958:
945:
944:
921:
920:
915:
914:
901:
900:
880:
879:
850:
849:
831:
830:
814:
813:
796:
795:
777:
776:
770:
769:
754:
753:
713:Hong Kong dollar
701:
700:
694:
693:
687:
676:
675:
669:
668:
662:
628:
594:
478:British takeover
372:
113:
103:
102:
66:
50:
32:
31:
21:
20:
8274:
8273:
8269:
8268:
8267:
8265:
8264:
8263:
8169:
8168:
8159:
8157:
8153:
8150:
8145:
8142:
8140:
8138:
8137:
8135:
8125:
8123:
8113:
8111:
8101:
8099:
8087:
8077:
8075:
8065:
8063:
8055:
8053:
8048:
8005:
7978:
7952:
7950:Ross Dependency
7939:
7896:
7881:
7856:
7808:
7793:
7763:
7758:
7714:
7709:Solomon Islands
7656:North Australia
7636:South Australia
7592:New South Wales
7570:
7567:
7530:
7250:Leeward Islands
7054:
7039:
7002:
6909:Muscat and Oman
6726:
6711:
6655:
6401:
6386:
6353:
6297:
6286:
6261:
6253:
6243:
6213:
6208:
6157:Public holidays
6021:
6017:Sex trafficking
5995:
5942:
5901:
5876:
5844:Public services
5838:
5749:Chief Executive
5739:National anthem
5725:
5612:
5510:
5492:
5487:
5444:
5388:. p. 624.
5351:. p. 291.
5309:. p. 293.
5299:Endacott, G. B.
5288:
5286:Further reading
5283:
5268:
5253:
5238:
5225:
5223:
5216:
5192:
5170:
5148:
5123:
5121:
5070:
5044:
5042:
5035:
5007:
5005:
4998:
4970:
4968:
4961:
4936:
4908:
4906:
4899:
4878:
4850:
4848:
4841:
4813:
4811:
4786:
4784:
4759:
4757:
4695:
4693:
4686:
4662:
4660:
4653:
4629:
4627:
4620:
4592:
4590:
4583:
4558:
4541:
4536:
4535:
4527:
4523:
4515:
4511:
4501:Wayback Machine
4491:
4487:
4478:
4474:
4466:
4462:
4454:
4450:
4444:Littlewood 2010
4442:
4435:
4427:
4423:
4415:
4411:
4401:
4399:
4382:
4378:
4370:
4366:
4358:
4354:
4346:
4342:
4334:
4330:
4322:
4318:
4310:
4306:
4298:
4294:
4286:
4282:
4274:
4270:
4262:
4258:
4250:
4246:
4238:
4234:
4226:
4222:
4214:
4210:
4202:
4198:
4190:
4186:
4178:
4171:
4161:
4159:
4150:
4149:
4145:
4135:
4133:
4120:
4119:
4115:
4107:
4103:
4095:
4091:
4083:
4079:
4064:
4056:. p. 126.
4046:
4042:
4034:
4030:
4022:
4018:
4008:
4006:
3997:
3996:
3992:
3984:
3980:
3972:
3968:
3960:
3956:
3948:
3944:
3936:
3932:
3924:
3920:
3912:
3905:
3897:
3893:
3854:
3850:
3833:
3829:
3809:
3805:
3794:
3783:
3755:
3753:
3740:
3739:
3735:
3727:
3723:
3715:
3711:
3703:
3699:
3690:
3686:
3674:
3670:
3662:
3658:
3650:
3646:
3638:
3634:
3626:
3622:
3614:
3610:
3602:
3598:
3590:
3586:
3578:
3574:
3567:
3549:
3545:
3537:
3533:
3521:Belcher, Edward
3519:
3515:
3507:
3503:
3493:
3489:
3481:
3477:
3469:
3465:
3457:
3450:
3442:
3435:
3425:
3423:
3422:on 20 July 2008
3419:
3412:
3403:
3399:
3392:
3376:Trocki, Carl A.
3373:
3369:
3359:
3357:
3342:
3338:
3331:
3319:Forbidden Drugs
3313:
3309:
3299:
3297:
3289:The Opium Kings
3281:
3277:
3267:
3265:
3260:. 1 July 2007.
3252:
3251:
3247:
3237:
3233:
3203:
3199:
3189:
3187:
3183:
3168:
3164:
3163:
3159:
3149:
3147:
3143:
3132:
3128:
3127:
3123:
3113:
3111:
3098:
3097:
3090:
3080:
3078:
3074:
3059:
3055:
3054:
3050:
3045:
3040:
3035:
3034:
3028:Chief Secretary
3025:
3021:
3009:
3005:
2988:
2984:
2972:
2968:
2963:
2916:
2843:
2832:
2826:
2823:
2812:
2797:
2793:
2786:
2674:
2668:
2613:Cantonese opera
2600:
2599:
2598:
2597:
2583:
2582:
2581:
2573:
2572:
2561:
2555:
2467:Avenue of Stars
2459:
2453:
2383:
2382:
2381:
2380:
2361:
2360:
2359:
2351:
2350:
2339:
2333:
2277:second language
2273:British English
2211:
2200:
2194:
2191:
2184:
2165:
2161:
2154:
2119:
2064:Empire of Japan
2032:
1970:
1938:
1890:British monarch
1863:
1862:
1861:
1860:
1859:
1856:
1854:Chief Secretary
1851:
1846:
1838:
1837:
1834:
1829:
1824:
1816:
1815:
1812:
1807:
1802:
1791:
1643:
1637:
1605:
1583:
1525:Chiang Kai-shek
1521:
1507:
1499:New Territories
1495:Sham Chun River
1451:Boundary Street
1395:
1333:First Opium War
1288:Lord Palmerston
1275:British Cabinet
1225:
1215:
1206:
1195:
1189:
1186:
1175:
1162:
1158:
1151:
1124:New Territories
1120:a 99-year lease
1103:in 1841 of the
981:Tongyong Pinyin
971:
874:
847:
841:
828:
822:
804:
793:
785:
774:
736:
698:
697:
696:
685:
674:high inequality
673:
672:
671:
660:
648:
638:
626:
614:
604:
588:
576:
566:
547:
536:
532:
519:
509:18 October 1860
506:
493:
483:26 January 1841
480:
466:to 20th century
431:
414:
399:Chief Secretary
379:
363:
360:
330:
318:
306:
294:
282:
270:
227:
181:
138:
134:
127:
104:
97:
94:
89:
76:
75:
74:
71:
67:
59:
58:
55:
51:
33:
26:
17:
12:
11:
5:
8272:
8262:
8261:
8256:
8251:
8246:
8241:
8236:
8231:
8226:
8221:
8216:
8211:
8206:
8201:
8196:
8191:
8186:
8181:
8134:
8133:
8121:
8109:
8107:British Empire
8097:
8085:
8073:
8050:
8049:
8047:
8046:
8036:
8026:
8020:
8014:
8011:
8010:
8007:
8006:
8004:
8003:
8000:
7993:
7983:
7980:
7979:
7977:
7976:
7968:
7960:
7947:
7934:
7926:
7918:
7910:
7901:
7898:
7897:
7887:
7886:
7883:
7882:
7880:
7879:
7872:
7861:
7858:
7857:
7855:
7854:
7846:
7838:
7832:
7826:
7823:Willoughbyland
7820:
7813:
7810:
7809:
7799:
7798:
7795:
7794:
7792:
7791:
7781:
7775:
7768:
7765:
7764:
7760:
7759:
7757:
7756:
7750:
7744:
7737:
7730:
7724:
7717:
7715:
7713:
7712:
7705:
7699:
7693:
7683:
7677:
7671:
7665:
7659:
7653:
7647:
7639:
7633:
7623:
7617:
7611:
7605:
7595:
7588:
7585:
7584:
7581:
7575:
7572:
7571:
7566:
7565:
7558:
7551:
7543:
7536:
7535:
7532:
7531:
7529:
7528:
7522:
7516:
7515:
7514:
7502:
7496:
7490:
7486:Virgin Islands
7482:
7476:
7468:
7462:
7456:
7453:South Carolina
7450:
7444:
7437:
7430:
7423:
7417:
7411:
7405:
7399:
7389:
7383:
7377:
7371:
7365:
7359:
7353:
7350:North Carolina
7347:
7341:
7335:
7329:
7323:
7317:
7311:
7305:
7299:
7293:
7287:
7284:Mosquito Coast
7281:
7273:
7267:
7266:
7265:
7253:
7247:
7240:
7234:
7228:
7222:
7216:
7213:Oregon Country
7206:
7202:Cayman Islands
7198:
7192:
7191:
7190:
7184:
7178:
7172:
7160:
7153:
7147:
7141:
7135:
7134:
7133:
7122:
7116:
7108:
7101:
7095:
7089:
7082:
7075:
7068:
7059:
7056:
7055:
7045:
7044:
7041:
7040:
7038:
7037:
7031:
7022:
7007:
7004:
7003:
7001:
7000:
6994:
6991:Trucial States
6988:
6982:
6976:
6970:
6964:
6963:
6962:
6950:
6944:
6938:
6932:
6926:
6925:
6924:
6912:
6906:
6900:
6894:
6888:
6887:
6886:
6880:
6874:
6868:
6856:
6850:
6844:
6838:
6832:
6826:
6820:
6814:
6808:
6802:
6786:
6780:
6774:
6768:
6758:
6752:
6751:
6750:
6738:
6731:
6728:
6727:
6717:
6716:
6713:
6712:
6710:
6709:
6703:
6684:Self-governing
6681:
6667:
6660:
6657:
6656:
6654:
6653:
6647:
6641:
6635:
6627:
6621:
6615:
6609:
6603:
6597:
6591:
6585:
6579:
6573:
6567:
6561:
6553:
6547:
6541:
6535:
6529:
6523:
6517:
6511:
6505:
6499:
6493:
6487:
6477:
6471:
6465:
6459:
6456:Central Africa
6453:
6447:
6441:
6435:
6425:
6415:
6406:
6403:
6402:
6392:
6391:
6388:
6387:
6385:
6384:
6378:
6377:
6376:
6364:
6363:
6362:
6347:
6344:Ionian Islands
6341:
6335:
6327:
6321:
6315:
6302:
6299:
6298:
6288:
6287:
6285:
6284:
6278:
6272:
6267:
6264:
6258:
6255:
6254:
6247:British Empire
6242:
6241:
6234:
6227:
6219:
6210:
6209:
6207:
6206:
6205:
6204:
6194:
6189:
6184:
6179:
6174:
6169:
6164:
6159:
6154:
6153:
6152:
6147:
6142:
6132:
6127:
6122:
6117:
6112:
6107:
6102:
6097:
6092:
6087:
6082:
6080:Honours system
6077:
6072:
6067:
6062:
6057:
6052:
6047:
6042:
6037:
6031:
6029:
6023:
6022:
6020:
6019:
6014:
6009:
6003:
6001:
5997:
5996:
5994:
5993:
5988:
5983:
5978:
5973:
5968:
5963:
5958:
5952:
5950:
5944:
5943:
5941:
5940:
5935:
5930:
5928:Communications
5925:
5923:Stock Exchange
5920:
5915:
5910:
5905:
5897:
5892:
5886:
5884:
5878:
5877:
5875:
5874:
5869:
5864:
5859:
5854:
5848:
5846:
5840:
5839:
5837:
5836:
5831:
5826:
5821:
5816:
5811:
5806:
5801:
5796:
5791:
5786:
5781:
5776:
5771:
5766:
5761:
5756:
5751:
5746:
5741:
5735:
5733:
5727:
5726:
5724:
5723:
5718:
5713:
5708:
5703:
5698:
5693:
5688:
5683:
5678:
5673:
5668:
5663:
5658:
5653:
5648:
5643:
5638:
5633:
5628:
5622:
5620:
5614:
5613:
5611:
5610:
5605:
5600:
5595:
5590:
5585:
5580:
5575:
5570:
5565:
5560:
5555:
5554:
5553:
5543:
5541:British colony
5538:
5537:
5536:
5529:Imperial China
5526:
5520:
5518:
5512:
5511:
5509:
5508:
5503:
5497:
5494:
5493:
5486:
5485:
5478:
5471:
5463:
5457:
5456:
5443:
5442:External links
5440:
5439:
5438:
5397:
5375:
5360:
5341:
5326:
5296:
5287:
5284:
5282:
5281:
5262:
5247:
5232:
5214:
5195:
5190:
5174:
5168:
5152:
5146:
5130:
5103:
5074:
5068:
5051:
5033:
5014:
4996:
4977:
4959:
4940:
4934:
4915:
4897:
4882:
4876:
4857:
4839:
4820:
4793:
4766:
4739:
4702:
4684:
4669:
4651:
4636:
4618:
4599:
4581:
4562:
4556:
4542:
4540:
4537:
4534:
4533:
4531:, p. 246.
4521:
4509:
4485:
4472:
4460:
4448:
4433:
4421:
4409:
4376:
4374:, p. 141.
4364:
4362:, p. 128.
4352:
4340:
4338:, p. 147.
4328:
4316:
4304:
4292:
4280:
4268:
4256:
4244:
4242:, p. 168.
4232:
4230:, p. 148.
4220:
4208:
4206:, p. 272.
4196:
4184:
4182:, p. 271.
4169:
4143:
4113:
4101:
4099:, p. 181.
4089:
4087:, p. 263.
4077:
4062:
4040:
4028:
4016:
3990:
3978:
3966:
3954:
3942:
3940:, p. 169.
3930:
3918:
3903:
3891:
3848:
3827:
3803:
3781:
3733:
3721:
3719:, p. 138.
3709:
3707:, p. 133.
3697:
3684:
3668:
3656:
3644:
3642:, p. 122.
3632:
3630:, p. 121.
3620:
3608:
3596:
3584:
3572:
3565:
3543:
3531:
3513:
3501:
3487:
3475:
3463:
3448:
3433:
3406:Carl A. Trocki
3397:
3390:
3367:
3336:
3329:
3307:
3284:Cowell, Adrian
3275:
3245:
3231:
3197:
3157:
3121:
3088:
3047:
3046:
3044:
3041:
3039:
3036:
3033:
3032:
3019:
3003:
2982:
2965:
2964:
2962:
2959:
2958:
2957:
2952:
2947:
2942:
2937:
2932:
2927:
2922:
2915:
2912:
2845:
2844:
2800:
2798:
2791:
2785:
2782:
2737:Cheung Ka Long
2721:mainland China
2670:Main article:
2667:
2664:
2658:, composed of
2585:
2584:
2575:
2574:
2566:
2565:
2564:
2563:
2562:
2557:Main article:
2554:
2551:
2499:As Tears Go By
2455:Main article:
2452:
2449:
2441:cha chaan teng
2436:cha chaan teng
2373:cha chaan teng
2363:
2362:
2353:
2352:
2344:
2343:
2342:
2341:
2340:
2335:Main article:
2332:
2329:
2301:Chinese cities
2293:Mainland China
2213:
2212:
2168:
2166:
2159:
2153:
2150:
2118:
2115:
2031:
2028:
2008:Straits dollar
1969:
1966:
1875:Letters Patent
1847:
1840:
1839:
1825:
1818:
1817:
1803:
1796:
1795:
1794:
1793:
1792:
1790:
1787:
1639:Main article:
1636:
1633:
1621:Cecil Harcourt
1613:Cecil Harcourt
1582:
1579:
1553:Sir Mark Young
1517:Main article:
1506:
1503:
1394:
1391:
1384:Queen Victoria
1293:Chusan Islands
1253:Charles Elliot
1214:
1211:
1208:
1207:
1172:of the subject
1170:worldwide view
1165:
1163:
1156:
1150:
1147:
1085:United Kingdom
1077:British colony
1068:
1067:
1064:
1063:
1060:
1059:
1049:
1043:
1042:
1035:
1029:
1028:
1021:
1015:
1014:
1012:Yue: Cantonese
1008:
1007:
997:
991:
990:
983:
977:
976:
967:
961:
960:
957:γ§γ₯ γγ¨Λ γγ§γ€ γγ€Λ
953:
947:
946:
939:
933:
932:
926:
925:
924:Transcriptions
917:
916:
909:
903:
902:
895:
889:
888:
885:
884:
876:
875:
873:
872:
866:
864:
860:
859:
856:
855:
852:
851:
844:
833:
832:
825:
811:
808:
807:
797:
789:
788:
778:
766:
765:
760:
750:
749:
744:
738:
737:
735:
734:
728:
725:Spanish dollar
722:
716:
709:
707:
703:
702:
688:
678:
677:
663:
653:
652:
649:
646:
643:
642:
639:
636:
633:
632:
629:
619:
618:
615:
612:
609:
608:
605:
602:
599:
598:
595:
581:
580:
577:
575:β’ Density
574:
571:
570:
567:
564:
561:
560:
556:
555:
552:
551:
548:
542:
539:
538:
537:30 August 1945
533:
527:
524:
523:
520:
514:
511:
510:
507:
501:
498:
497:
496:29 August 1842
494:
488:
485:
484:
481:
475:
472:
471:
468:
467:
461:
460:Historical era
457:
456:
451:
447:
446:
443:
442:
432:
429:
426:
425:
418:George Malcolm
415:
412:
409:
408:
405:
404:
401:
395:
394:
391:
390:
380:
377:
374:
373:
361:
358:
355:
354:
351:
350:
347:
341:
340:
337:
336:
331:
328:
325:
324:
319:
316:
313:
312:
307:
304:
301:
300:
295:
292:
289:
288:
283:
280:
277:
276:
271:
268:
265:
264:
261:
260:
257:
251:
250:
245:
241:
240:
235:
229:
228:
226:
225:
220:
215:
210:
205:
200:
195:
189:
187:
183:
182:
180:
179:
169:
163:
161:
157:
156:
144:
140:
139:
137:
136:
129:
121:
119:
115:
114:
106:
105:
95:
78:
77:
68:
61:
60:
52:
45:
44:
43:
40:
39:
35:
34:
27:
24:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
8271:
8260:
8257:
8255:
8252:
8250:
8247:
8245:
8242:
8240:
8237:
8235:
8232:
8230:
8227:
8225:
8222:
8220:
8217:
8215:
8212:
8210:
8207:
8205:
8202:
8200:
8197:
8195:
8192:
8190:
8187:
8185:
8182:
8180:
8177:
8176:
8174:
8167:
8164:
8160:22.28; 114.16
8132:
8122:
8120:
8110:
8108:
8098:
8096:
8091:
8086:
8084:
8074:
8072:
8062:
8061:
8058:
8045:
8041:
8037:
8035:
8027:
8024:
8021:
8019:
8016:
8015:
8012:
8001:
7998:
7994:
7991:
7990:
7985:
7984:
7981:
7974:
7973:
7969:
7966:
7965:
7961:
7956:
7951:
7948:
7943:
7938:
7935:
7932:
7931:
7927:
7924:
7923:
7919:
7916:
7915:
7911:
7908:
7907:
7903:
7902:
7899:
7892:
7888:
7877:
7876:Falklands War
7873:
7871:
7867:
7863:
7862:
7859:
7852:
7851:
7847:
7844:
7843:
7839:
7836:
7833:
7830:
7827:
7824:
7821:
7818:
7815:
7814:
7811:
7807:South America
7804:
7800:
7790:
7786:
7782:
7780:
7776:
7774:
7770:
7769:
7766:
7754:
7751:
7748:
7745:
7742:
7738:
7735:
7731:
7728:
7725:
7722:
7719:
7718:
7716:
7710:
7706:
7703:
7700:
7697:
7696:Union Islands
7694:
7691:
7687:
7684:
7681:
7678:
7675:
7672:
7669:
7666:
7663:
7660:
7657:
7654:
7651:
7648:
7645:
7644:
7640:
7637:
7634:
7631:
7627:
7624:
7621:
7618:
7615:
7612:
7609:
7606:
7603:
7599:
7596:
7593:
7590:
7589:
7587:
7586:
7582:
7579:
7578:
7573:
7564:
7559:
7557:
7552:
7550:
7545:
7544:
7541:
7537:
7526:
7523:
7520:
7517:
7512:
7509:
7508:
7506:
7503:
7500:
7497:
7494:
7491:
7488:
7487:
7483:
7480:
7477:
7474:
7473:
7469:
7466:
7463:
7460:
7457:
7454:
7451:
7448:
7445:
7442:
7438:
7435:
7431:
7428:
7424:
7421:
7418:
7415:
7412:
7409:
7408:Rupert's Land
7406:
7403:
7400:
7397:
7393:
7390:
7387:
7384:
7381:
7378:
7375:
7372:
7369:
7368:Paulet affair
7366:
7363:
7360:
7357:
7354:
7351:
7348:
7345:
7342:
7339:
7336:
7333:
7330:
7327:
7324:
7321:
7318:
7315:
7314:New Hampshire
7312:
7309:
7306:
7303:
7302:New Brunswick
7300:
7297:
7294:
7291:
7288:
7285:
7282:
7279:
7278:
7274:
7271:
7268:
7263:
7260:
7259:
7257:
7254:
7251:
7248:
7245:
7241:
7238:
7235:
7232:
7229:
7226:
7223:
7220:
7217:
7214:
7210:
7207:
7204:
7203:
7199:
7196:
7193:
7188:
7185:
7182:
7179:
7176:
7173:
7170:
7167:
7166:
7165:
7161:
7158:
7154:
7151:
7148:
7145:
7142:
7139:
7136:
7132:
7129:
7128:
7126:
7123:
7120:
7117:
7114:
7113:
7109:
7106:
7102:
7099:
7096:
7093:
7090:
7087:
7083:
7080:
7076:
7073:
7069:
7066:
7065:
7061:
7060:
7057:
7053:North America
7050:
7046:
7036:
7032:
7030:
7026:
7023:
7021:
7017:
7013:
7009:
7008:
7005:
6998:
6995:
6992:
6989:
6986:
6983:
6980:
6977:
6974:
6973:South Vietnam
6971:
6968:
6965:
6960:
6957:
6956:
6954:
6951:
6948:
6945:
6942:
6939:
6936:
6933:
6930:
6927:
6922:
6919:
6918:
6916:
6913:
6910:
6907:
6904:
6901:
6898:
6895:
6892:
6889:
6884:
6881:
6878:
6875:
6872:
6869:
6866:
6863:
6862:
6860:
6857:
6854:
6851:
6848:
6845:
6842:
6839:
6836:
6833:
6830:
6827:
6824:
6821:
6818:
6815:
6812:
6809:
6806:
6803:
6800:
6796:
6792:
6791:
6787:
6784:
6781:
6778:
6775:
6772:
6769:
6766:
6762:
6759:
6756:
6753:
6748:
6745:
6744:
6742:
6739:
6736:
6733:
6732:
6729:
6722:
6718:
6708:
6704:
6701:
6697:
6693:
6689:
6685:
6682:
6679:
6675:
6671:
6668:
6666:
6662:
6661:
6658:
6651:
6648:
6645:
6642:
6639:
6636:
6633:
6632:
6628:
6625:
6622:
6619:
6616:
6613:
6610:
6607:
6604:
6601:
6598:
6595:
6592:
6589:
6586:
6583:
6580:
6577:
6574:
6571:
6568:
6565:
6562:
6559:
6558:
6554:
6551:
6548:
6545:
6542:
6539:
6536:
6533:
6530:
6527:
6524:
6521:
6518:
6515:
6512:
6509:
6506:
6503:
6500:
6497:
6494:
6491:
6488:
6485:
6481:
6478:
6475:
6472:
6469:
6466:
6463:
6460:
6457:
6454:
6451:
6448:
6445:
6442:
6439:
6436:
6433:
6429:
6426:
6423:
6419:
6416:
6413:
6412:
6408:
6407:
6404:
6397:
6393:
6382:
6379:
6374:
6371:
6370:
6368:
6365:
6360:
6357:
6356:
6351:
6348:
6345:
6342:
6339:
6336:
6333:
6332:
6328:
6325:
6322:
6319:
6316:
6313:
6309:
6308:
6304:
6303:
6300:
6293:
6289:
6283:
6279:
6277:
6273:
6271:
6268:
6265:
6260:
6259:
6256:
6252:
6248:
6240:
6235:
6233:
6228:
6226:
6221:
6220:
6217:
6203:
6200:
6199:
6198:
6195:
6193:
6190:
6188:
6185:
6183:
6180:
6178:
6175:
6173:
6170:
6168:
6165:
6163:
6160:
6158:
6155:
6151:
6148:
6146:
6143:
6141:
6138:
6137:
6136:
6133:
6131:
6128:
6126:
6123:
6121:
6118:
6116:
6113:
6111:
6108:
6106:
6103:
6101:
6098:
6096:
6093:
6091:
6088:
6086:
6083:
6081:
6078:
6076:
6073:
6071:
6068:
6066:
6063:
6061:
6058:
6056:
6053:
6051:
6048:
6046:
6043:
6041:
6038:
6036:
6033:
6032:
6030:
6028:
6024:
6018:
6015:
6013:
6010:
6008:
6005:
6004:
6002:
5998:
5992:
5989:
5987:
5984:
5982:
5981:List of roads
5979:
5977:
5974:
5972:
5969:
5967:
5964:
5962:
5959:
5957:
5954:
5953:
5951:
5949:
5945:
5939:
5936:
5934:
5931:
5929:
5926:
5924:
5921:
5919:
5916:
5914:
5911:
5909:
5906:
5904:
5898:
5896:
5893:
5891:
5888:
5887:
5885:
5883:
5879:
5873:
5870:
5868:
5865:
5863:
5860:
5858:
5857:Fire services
5855:
5853:
5850:
5849:
5847:
5845:
5841:
5835:
5832:
5830:
5827:
5825:
5822:
5820:
5817:
5815:
5812:
5810:
5807:
5805:
5802:
5800:
5797:
5795:
5792:
5790:
5787:
5785:
5782:
5780:
5777:
5775:
5772:
5770:
5767:
5765:
5762:
5760:
5757:
5755:
5752:
5750:
5747:
5745:
5742:
5740:
5737:
5736:
5734:
5732:
5728:
5722:
5719:
5717:
5714:
5712:
5709:
5707:
5704:
5702:
5699:
5697:
5694:
5692:
5689:
5687:
5684:
5682:
5679:
5677:
5674:
5672:
5669:
5667:
5664:
5662:
5659:
5657:
5654:
5652:
5649:
5647:
5644:
5642:
5639:
5637:
5634:
5632:
5631:Air pollution
5629:
5627:
5624:
5623:
5621:
5619:
5615:
5609:
5606:
5604:
5601:
5599:
5596:
5594:
5591:
5589:
5586:
5584:
5581:
5579:
5576:
5574:
5571:
5569:
5566:
5564:
5561:
5559:
5556:
5552:
5549:
5548:
5547:
5544:
5542:
5539:
5535:
5532:
5531:
5530:
5527:
5525:
5522:
5521:
5519:
5517:
5513:
5507:
5504:
5502:
5499:
5498:
5495:
5491:
5484:
5479:
5477:
5472:
5470:
5465:
5464:
5461:
5454:
5450:
5446:
5445:
5435:
5431:
5426:
5421:
5417:
5413:
5409:
5408:
5403:
5398:
5395:
5391:
5387:
5383:
5379:
5376:
5373:
5369:
5365:
5361:
5358:
5354:
5350:
5346:
5342:
5339:
5338:962-7489-01-8
5335:
5331:
5327:
5324:
5320:
5316:
5312:
5308:
5304:
5300:
5297:
5294:
5290:
5289:
5278:
5274:
5267:
5263:
5259:
5252:
5248:
5244:
5237:
5233:
5221:
5217:
5211:
5207:
5203:
5202:
5196:
5193:
5191:9780006388715
5187:
5183:
5179:
5175:
5171:
5165:
5161:
5157:
5153:
5149:
5147:962-209-392-2
5143:
5139:
5135:
5131:
5119:
5116:. Hong Kong.
5115:
5114:
5109:
5104:
5100:
5096:
5092:
5088:
5084:
5080:
5075:
5071:
5065:
5061:
5060:New Haven, CT
5057:
5052:
5040:
5036:
5030:
5026:
5022:
5021:
5015:
5003:
4999:
4993:
4989:
4985:
4984:
4978:
4966:
4962:
4956:
4952:
4948:
4947:
4941:
4937:
4931:
4927:
4923:
4922:
4916:
4904:
4900:
4894:
4891:. Routledge.
4890:
4889:
4883:
4879:
4873:
4869:
4865:
4864:
4858:
4846:
4842:
4836:
4832:
4828:
4827:
4821:
4809:
4805:
4804:
4799:
4794:
4782:
4778:
4777:
4772:
4767:
4755:
4751:
4750:
4745:
4740:
4736:
4732:
4728:
4724:
4720:
4716:
4712:
4708:
4703:
4691:
4687:
4681:
4677:
4676:
4670:
4658:
4654:
4648:
4644:
4643:
4637:
4625:
4621:
4615:
4611:
4607:
4606:
4600:
4588:
4584:
4578:
4574:
4570:
4569:
4563:
4559:
4553:
4549:
4544:
4543:
4530:
4525:
4518:
4513:
4506:
4502:
4498:
4495:
4489:
4482:
4476:
4469:
4464:
4457:
4452:
4445:
4440:
4438:
4430:
4425:
4419:, p. 99.
4418:
4413:
4397:
4393:
4392:
4387:
4380:
4373:
4368:
4361:
4356:
4349:
4344:
4337:
4332:
4326:, p. 101
4325:
4320:
4313:
4308:
4301:
4296:
4289:
4284:
4277:
4272:
4265:
4260:
4253:
4248:
4241:
4236:
4229:
4224:
4217:
4212:
4205:
4200:
4193:
4188:
4181:
4176:
4174:
4157:
4153:
4147:
4131:
4127:
4123:
4117:
4110:
4105:
4098:
4093:
4086:
4081:
4073:
4069:
4065:
4059:
4055:
4051:
4044:
4038:, p. 77.
4037:
4032:
4025:
4020:
4004:
4000:
3994:
3987:
3982:
3975:
3970:
3963:
3958:
3951:
3946:
3939:
3934:
3928:, p. 58.
3927:
3922:
3916:, p. 57.
3915:
3910:
3908:
3900:
3895:
3887:
3883:
3878:
3873:
3869:
3865:
3864:
3859:
3852:
3845:
3841:
3837:
3831:
3824:
3820:
3816:
3813:
3807:
3800:
3799:
3792:
3790:
3788:
3786:
3778:
3776:
3772:
3768:
3767:Mrs. Thatcher
3764:
3763:Deng Xiaoping
3751:
3747:
3743:
3737:
3730:
3725:
3718:
3713:
3706:
3701:
3694:
3688:
3681:
3678:
3672:
3666:, p. 81.
3665:
3660:
3653:
3648:
3641:
3636:
3629:
3624:
3617:
3612:
3605:
3600:
3593:
3588:
3582:, p. 29.
3581:
3576:
3568:
3562:
3558:
3554:
3547:
3541:, p. 12.
3540:
3535:
3528:
3527:
3522:
3517:
3510:
3505:
3498:
3497:
3491:
3484:
3479:
3473:, p. 21.
3472:
3467:
3461:, p. 11.
3460:
3455:
3453:
3445:
3440:
3438:
3418:
3411:
3407:
3401:
3393:
3387:
3384:. Routledge.
3383:
3382:
3377:
3371:
3355:
3351:
3347:
3340:
3332:
3326:
3321:
3320:
3311:
3295:
3291:
3290:
3285:
3279:
3263:
3259:
3255:
3249:
3242:
3241:
3235:
3228:
3224:
3220:
3216:
3212:
3208:
3201:
3182:
3178:
3174:
3167:
3161:
3142:
3138:
3131:
3125:
3109:
3105:
3101:
3095:
3093:
3073:
3069:
3065:
3058:
3052:
3048:
3029:
3023:
3016:
3012:
3007:
3000:
2996:
2992:
2986:
2980:
2976:
2970:
2966:
2956:
2953:
2951:
2948:
2946:
2943:
2941:
2938:
2936:
2933:
2931:
2928:
2926:
2923:
2921:
2918:
2917:
2910:
2905:
2903:
2899:
2895:
2891:
2887:
2885:
2881:
2877:
2873:
2869:
2865:
2861:
2851:
2841:
2838:
2830:
2820:
2816:
2810:
2809:
2805:
2799:
2790:
2789:
2781:
2779:
2774:
2772:
2771:Tourism Board
2768:
2764:
2760:
2758:
2754:
2750:
2746:
2742:
2738:
2734:
2730:
2726:
2722:
2717:
2715:
2711:
2710:AFC Asian Cup
2707:
2703:
2699:
2695:
2687:
2683:
2678:
2673:
2663:
2661:
2657:
2653:
2648:
2646:
2642:
2638:
2634:
2630:
2626:
2625:Leslie Cheung
2622:
2618:
2614:
2610:
2609:
2604:
2595:
2591:
2588:
2587:Leslie Cheung
2579:
2570:
2560:
2550:
2547:
2546:Michelle Yeoh
2543:
2539:
2535:
2531:
2527:
2523:
2522:
2517:
2516:
2511:
2507:
2506:
2501:
2500:
2495:
2494:
2489:
2488:
2483:
2479:
2478:
2468:
2463:
2458:
2448:
2446:
2442:
2438:
2437:
2432:
2431:mango pudding
2428:
2424:
2423:
2418:
2417:
2412:
2408:
2407:
2403:, as part of
2402:
2398:
2397:
2392:
2388:
2379:
2375:
2374:
2370:
2366:
2357:
2348:
2338:
2328:
2326:
2322:
2318:
2314:
2310:
2306:
2302:
2299:, as well as
2298:
2294:
2290:
2286:
2282:
2278:
2274:
2269:
2267:
2263:
2262:
2257:
2253:
2252:
2246:
2243:
2239:
2235:
2231:
2230:family honour
2226:
2224:
2220:
2209:
2206:
2198:
2188:
2183:
2179:
2175:
2174:
2167:
2158:
2157:
2149:
2147:
2142:
2139:
2131:
2127:
2123:
2114:
2112:
2107:
2103:
2098:
2096:
2092:
2088:
2084:
2080:
2076:
2072:
2067:
2065:
2061:
2057:
2056:Canadian Army
2053:
2049:
2045:
2041:
2037:
2027:
2025:
2024:Civil Service
2021:
2017:
2009:
2005:
2001:
1997:
1990:
1986:
1982:
1978:
1974:
1965:
1962:
1960:
1955:
1951:
1947:
1933:
1929:
1925:
1923:
1919:
1915:
1911:
1905:
1903:
1899:
1895:
1891:
1887:
1882:
1880:
1876:
1872:
1868:
1855:
1850:
1844:
1833:
1828:
1822:
1811:
1806:
1800:
1786:
1784:
1780:
1779:Tung Chee-hwa
1776:
1772:
1768:
1764:
1760:
1755:
1753:
1749:
1745:
1741:
1737:
1733:
1729:
1725:
1721:
1717:
1713:
1709:
1705:
1700:
1698:
1694:
1690:
1689:Fok Ying-tung
1686:
1682:
1678:
1674:
1669:
1665:
1661:
1656:
1651:
1649:
1642:
1632:
1630:
1626:
1622:
1614:
1609:
1604:
1600:
1596:
1592:
1588:
1578:
1575:
1571:
1565:
1561:
1558:
1554:
1550:
1546:
1542:
1538:
1534:
1530:
1526:
1520:
1511:
1502:
1500:
1496:
1492:
1488:
1484:
1479:
1475:
1471:
1462:
1458:
1456:
1452:
1448:
1444:
1440:
1436:
1432:
1428:
1424:
1421:, the fourth
1420:
1416:
1412:
1403:
1399:
1390:
1387:
1385:
1381:
1377:
1373:
1369:
1365:
1364:
1359:
1355:
1351:
1350:Gordon Bremer
1346:
1342:
1341:British Crown
1338:
1334:
1330:
1326:
1321:
1318:
1314:
1310:
1309:Gulf of Bohai
1306:
1302:
1298:
1294:
1289:
1285:
1281:
1280:George Elliot
1276:
1269:
1268:Victoria City
1264:
1260:
1258:
1254:
1250:
1246:
1242:
1238:
1234:
1230:
1224:
1223:Bao'an County
1220:
1204:
1201:
1193:
1183:
1179:
1173:
1171:
1164:
1155:
1154:
1146:
1144:
1140:
1136:
1131:
1129:
1125:
1121:
1117:
1113:
1108:
1106:
1105:Victorian era
1102:
1098:
1094:
1090:
1086:
1082:
1078:
1074:
1065:
1055:
1050:
1048:
1044:
1036:
1034:
1030:
1022:
1020:
1016:
1013:
1009:
1003:
998:
996:
992:
984:
982:
978:
968:
966:
962:
954:
952:
948:
940:
938:
934:
931:
927:
922:
918:
910:
908:
904:
896:
894:
890:
886:
881:
871:
868:
867:
865:
863:Today part of
861:
845:
843:
839:
835:
834:
826:
824:
820:
816:
815:
812:
806:
802:
798:
791:
790:
787:
786:Xin'an County
783:
779:
772:
771:
768:
767:
764:
761:
759:
756:
755:
751:
748:
745:
743:
742:ISO 3166 code
739:
732:
729:
726:
723:
720:
717:
714:
711:
710:
708:
704:
689:
683:
679:
664:
658:
654:
650:
644:
641:$ 160 billion
640:
634:
630:
624:
620:
616:
610:
607:$ 154 billion
606:
600:
596:
592:
586:
582:
578:
572:
568:
562:
557:
553:
549:
546:
540:
534:
531:
525:
521:
518:
512:
508:
505:
499:
495:
492:
486:
482:
479:
473:
469:
465:
464:Victorian era
462:
458:
455:
452:
448:
444:
440:
436:
433:
427:
423:
419:
416:
410:
406:
402:
400:
396:
392:
388:
384:
381:
375:
370:
366:
362:
356:
352:
348:
346:
342:
338:
335:
332:
326:
323:
320:
314:
311:
308:
302:
299:
296:
290:
287:
284:
278:
275:
272:
266:
262:
258:
256:
252:
249:
246:
242:
239:
236:
234:
230:
224:
221:
219:
216:
214:
211:
209:
206:
204:
201:
199:
196:
194:
191:
190:
188:
184:
177:
173:
170:
168:
165:
164:
162:
158:
154:
153:
148:
145:
141:
133:
130:
126:
123:
122:
120:
116:
112:
107:
92:
87:
83:
79:
73:
65:
57:
49:
41:
36:
22:
19:
8136:
7987:
7970:
7962:
7928:
7920:
7912:
7906:Saint Helena
7904:
7848:
7840:
7690:Cook Islands
7641:
7614:New Hebrides
7583:20th century
7499:West Florida
7484:
7470:
7402:Rhode Island
7380:Pennsylvania
7338:Newfoundland
7275:
7200:
7150:East Florida
7121:16th c.β1880
7110:
7062:
6959:Crown Colony
6947:Pulo Condore
6921:Crown Colony
6915:North Borneo
6828:
6788:
6747:Protectorate
6696:unrecognised
6690:in 1965 (as
6629:
6582:South Africa
6570:Sierra Leone
6557:Saint Helena
6555:
6550:Orange River
6428:Bechuanaland
6409:
6329:
6305:
6269:
6249:and Current
6140:Demographics
6035:Architecture
6012:Prostitution
5794:Legal system
5784:Independence
5696:Marine parks
5540:
5453:the original
5411:
5405:
5381:
5378:Welsh, Frank
5363:
5344:
5329:
5302:
5292:
5272:
5266:Main Results
5260:. July 2014.
5224:. Retrieved
5200:
5181:
5178:Welsh, Frank
5159:
5156:Tsang, Steve
5137:
5134:Tsang, Steve
5122:. Retrieved
5111:
5082:
5078:
5055:
5043:. Retrieved
5019:
5006:. Retrieved
4982:
4969:. Retrieved
4945:
4920:
4907:. Retrieved
4887:
4862:
4849:. Retrieved
4825:
4812:. Retrieved
4801:
4785:. Retrieved
4774:
4758:. Retrieved
4747:
4710:
4706:
4694:. Retrieved
4674:
4661:. Retrieved
4641:
4628:. Retrieved
4604:
4591:. Retrieved
4567:
4547:
4524:
4519:, p. 1.
4512:
4504:
4488:
4480:
4475:
4463:
4451:
4424:
4412:
4400:. Retrieved
4391:The Standard
4389:
4379:
4367:
4355:
4348:Ghoshal 2011
4343:
4331:
4319:
4307:
4295:
4283:
4271:
4259:
4247:
4240:Carroll 2007
4235:
4228:Carroll 2007
4223:
4211:
4199:
4187:
4160:. Retrieved
4156:the original
4146:
4134:. Retrieved
4130:the original
4116:
4111:, p. 3.
4104:
4092:
4080:
4049:
4043:
4031:
4019:
4007:. Retrieved
3993:
3981:
3969:
3957:
3950:Carroll 2007
3945:
3938:Carroll 2007
3933:
3921:
3894:
3867:
3861:
3851:
3835:
3830:
3814:
3811:
3806:
3796:
3774:
3770:
3761:
3754:. Retrieved
3736:
3724:
3712:
3700:
3692:
3687:
3679:
3676:
3671:
3659:
3647:
3635:
3623:
3611:
3599:
3587:
3575:
3552:
3546:
3534:
3524:
3516:
3504:
3494:
3490:
3478:
3466:
3426:13 September
3424:. Retrieved
3417:the original
3400:
3380:
3370:
3358:. Retrieved
3354:the original
3349:
3339:
3318:
3310:
3298:. Retrieved
3288:
3278:
3266:. Retrieved
3257:
3248:
3238:
3234:
3226:
3214:
3210:
3200:
3188:. Retrieved
3172:
3160:
3148:. Retrieved
3124:
3112:. Retrieved
3079:. Retrieved
3063:
3057:Main Results
3051:
3022:
3014:
3010:
3006:
2998:
2985:
2969:
2907:
2888:
2856:
2833:
2824:
2802:
2775:
2761:
2729:Lee Lai-shan
2718:
2691:
2649:
2606:
2601:
2589:
2542:Chow Yun-fat
2526:Wong Kar Wai
2519:
2513:
2503:
2497:
2491:
2485:
2475:
2472:
2440:
2434:
2420:
2414:
2404:
2394:
2384:
2371:
2368:
2364:
2297:Commonwealth
2275:is a common
2270:
2259:
2255:
2249:
2247:
2234:filial piety
2227:
2216:
2201:
2192:
2185:Please help
2181:
2170:
2143:
2135:
2109:citizens of
2099:
2068:
2040:British Army
2033:
2013:
1985:trade dollar
1980:
1963:
1943:
1906:
1883:
1867:Crown colony
1864:
1827:Chris Patten
1805:Elizabeth II
1781:, the first
1756:
1744:Chris Patten
1701:
1685:Pao Yue-kong
1652:
1644:
1618:
1566:
1562:
1522:
1474:Li Hongzhang
1467:
1415:Harry Parkes
1410:
1407:
1388:
1376:Crown colony
1368:royal salute
1361:
1356:, where the
1322:
1297:Hangzhou Bay
1272:
1229:Qing dynasty
1226:
1196:
1187:
1167:
1132:
1112:Crown colony
1109:
1079:and later a
1072:
1071:
937:Hanyu Pinyin
837:
818:
800:
781:
763:Succeeded by
762:
757:
733:(until 1895)
731:Chinese cash
727:(until 1895)
719:Trade dollar
637:β’ Total
603:β’ Total
438:
421:
413:β’ 1843
386:
383:Chris Patten
368:
334:Elizabeth II
305:β’ 1936
193:Christianity
150:
125:Crown colony
81:
70:Coat of arms
18:
8158: /
8023:Anglosphere
7741:New Zealand
7650:New Zealand
7519:West Jersey
7434:Saint Lucia
7420:Saint Kitts
7414:Saint Croix
7394:1763β1791*
7362:Nova Scotia
7308:New England
7264:, 1691β1776
7231:East Jersey
7219:Connecticut
7098:Bay Islands
6985:Transjordan
6903:Mesopotamia
6741:Afghanistan
6735:Aden Colony
6520:Niger Coast
6486:) 1874β1957
6462:East Africa
6444:Cape Colony
6434:) 1884β1966
6424:) 1868β1966
6192:Anglosphere
5804:LGBT rights
5546:1800sβ1930s
5524:Prehistoric
5418:: 567β582.
5226:4 September
5124:27 December
5085:(1): 9β20.
5045:4 September
5008:4 September
4971:4 September
4909:4 September
4851:4 September
4814:27 December
4696:4 September
4663:4 September
4630:4 September
4593:4 September
4458:, p. 4
4162:12 February
3756:19 November
3190:7 September
3150:7 September
3114:6 September
3100:"Hong Kong"
3081:7 September
3015:Hong Konger
2890:Steve Tsang
2763:Dragon boat
2530:Jackie Chan
2416:cha siu bao
2391:wet markets
2195:August 2024
2189:if you can.
2146:Li Ka-shing
2138:British law
2132:being built
2000:Silver coin
1977:Silver coin
1946:English law
1939: 1873
1857:(1993β1997)
1835:(1992β1997)
1813:(1952β1997)
1767:Jiang Zemin
1691:, and also
1681:Li Ka-shing
1570:Nationalist
1363:fire of joy
1331:during the
1282:, as joint
1093:World War 2
758:Preceded by
721:(1895β1937)
715:(from 1937)
695: 0.808
550:1 July 1997
522:9 June 1898
450:Legislature
310:Edward VIII
135:(1981β1997)
93:(1901β1952)
72:(1959β1997)
56:(1959β1997)
8173:Categories
7975:since 1908
7967:since 1908
7933:since 1833
7925:since 1816
7917:since 1815
7909:since 1658
7866:department
7853:since 1908
7845:since 1833
7646:since 1838
7626:Swan River
7620:Queensland
7507:1958β1962
7489:since 1666
7475:since 1799
7326:New Jersey
7296:New Albion
7280:since 1632
7277:Montserrat
7258:1629β1691
7205:since 1670
7127:1858β1866
7115:since 1619
7067:since 1650
7020:Bangladesh
6955:1841β1946
6917:1882β1963
6883:Federation
6861:1819β1826
6799:Seychelles
6743:1839β1842
6634:since 1816
6618:Tanganyika
6576:Somaliland
6564:Seychelles
6560:since 1658
6480:Gold Coast
6474:The Gambia
6418:Basutoland
6414:since 1815
6369:1800β1813
6359:Free State
6352:1542β1800
6338:Heligoland
6334:since 1713
6202:Sinosphere
6187:Visual art
6182:Television
6105:Literature
5908:Employment
5902:(currency)
5867:Healthcare
5779:Government
5711:Reservoirs
5315:B0007J07G6
5275:(Report).
5256:(Report).
5241:(Report).
5069:0300103735
4529:Tsang 1995
4517:Tsang 1995
4468:Tsang 2004
4072:1292532755
4009:26 January
3926:Tsang 2004
3914:Tsang 2004
3899:Tsang 2004
3729:Tsang 2004
3717:Tsang 2004
3705:Tsang 2004
3652:Tsang 2004
3640:Tsang 2004
3628:Tsang 2004
3616:Tsang 2004
3604:Tsang 2004
3592:Tsang 2004
3580:Tsang 2004
3555:. Durham:
3539:Tsang 2004
3509:Tsang 2004
3483:Welsh 1997
3471:Tsang 2004
3459:Tsang 2004
3444:Tsang 2004
3217:: 95β100.
3175:(Report).
3135:(Report).
3066:(Report).
3038:References
3011:Hongkonger
2975:controlled
2872:1967 riots
2864:1966 riots
2827:April 2023
2804:neutrality
2741:Tokyo 2020
2637:Eason Chan
2534:Donnie Yen
2313:literature
2083:Korean War
1849:Anson Chan
1789:Government
1736:Robin Cook
1728:Tony Blair
1629:Young Plan
1427:Lord Elgin
1358:Union Jack
1099:under the
965:WadeβGiles
670: 51.8
559:Population
435:Anson Chan
286:Edward VII
244:Government
238:Hongkonger
233:Demonym(s)
8131:Hong Kong
8071:Geography
7959:1841β1947
7946:1841β1933
7837:1831β1966
7831:1670β1688
7825:1651β1667
7819:1631β1641
7749:1914β1962
7743:1907β1947
7736:1901β1942
7734:Australia
7729:1900β1974
7723:1900β1970
7711:1893β1978
7704:1892β1979
7698:1889β1948
7692:1888β1901
7686:Rarotonga
7682:1884β1902
7676:1877β1976
7670:1874β1970
7664:1851β1901
7658:1846β1847
7652:1841β1907
7638:1836β1901
7632:1829β1901
7622:1824β1901
7616:1824β1980
7610:1807β1863
7604:1803β1901
7594:1788β1901
7527:1833β1960
7521:1674β1702
7513:1967β1983
7501:1763β1783
7495:1607β1776
7481:1849β1866
7467:1889β1962
7461:1862β1863
7455:1712β1776
7449:1635β1644
7443:1627β1979
7436:1605β1979
7429:1882β1983
7422:1623β1983
7416:1625β1650
7410:1670β1870
7404:1636β1776
7398:1853β1863
7388:1620β1691
7382:1681β1776
7376:1763β1873
7364:1713β1867
7358:1859β1870
7352:1712β1776
7346:1583β1907
7340:1907β1949
7334:1664β1776
7322:1637β1662
7320:New Haven
7316:1680β1776
7310:1686β1689
7304:1784β1867
7292:1628β1983
7286:1655β1860
7272:1632β1776
7246:1655β1962
7239:1733β1776
7233:1674β1702
7227:1701β1776
7221:1636β1776
7215:1818β1846
7197:1663β1712
7189:1867β1931
7183:1841β1867
7177:1791β1841
7171:1791β1841
7159:1762β1974
7152:1763β1783
7146:1763β1978
7140:1754β1820
7131:1866β1871
7107:1871β1981
7100:1643β1860
7094:1624β1966
7088:1670β1973
7081:1860β1981
7074:1632β1860
6999:1898β1930
6993:1892β1971
6987:1921β1946
6981:1826β1946
6975:1945β1946
6969:1946β1963
6967:Singapore
6961:1946β1963
6949:1702β1705
6943:1786β1946
6937:1923β1948
6935:Palestine
6923:1946β1963
6911:1891β1971
6905:1920β1932
6899:1762β1764
6893:1796β1965
6885:1948β1957
6879:1946β1948
6873:1885β1946
6867:1895β1946
6855:1848β1946
6849:1918β1961
6843:1811β1816
6837:1858β1947
6831:1841β1997
6829:Hong Kong
6825:1878β1960
6819:1795β1948
6813:1888β1984
6807:1824β1948
6795:Mauritius
6785:1874β1963
6773:1757β1947
6767:1812β1824
6757:1685β1824
6755:Bencoolen
6749:1879β1919
6737:1839β1967
6652:1887β1897
6646:1890β1963
6640:1890β1962
6626:1900β1910
6624:Transvaal
6620:1922β1961
6614:1899β1956
6608:1893β1968
6606:Swaziland
6602:1900β1914
6590:1915β1931
6584:1910β1931
6578:1884β1960
6572:1792β1961
6566:1903β1976
6552:1900β1910
6546:1891β1964
6544:Nyasaland
6540:1924β1964
6534:1900β1914
6528:1914β1960
6522:1884β1900
6516:1856β1910
6510:1810β1968
6508:Mauritius
6504:1807β1808
6498:1862β1906
6492:1920β1963
6476:1816β1965
6470:1882β1922
6464:1895β1920
6458:1891β1907
6452:1806β1910
6446:1795β1803
6440:1919β1961
6438:Cameroons
6375:1813β1964
6361:1921β1931
6346:1809β1864
6340:1807β1890
6331:Gibraltar
6326:1878β1960
6320:1794β1796
6274:*Current
6130:Ngai jong
6090:Languages
5948:Transport
5933:The Hongs
5895:Companies
5852:Education
5789:Judiciary
5759:Elections
5754:Districts
5744:Basic Law
5618:Geography
5490:Hong Kong
5323:632495979
5099:144106613
5025:Routledge
4868:Routledge
4735:154730809
4204:Long 2015
4180:Long 2015
3886:150104890
3870:: 66β87.
3765:met with
3682:(1): 229.
3664:Snow 2004
3166:Hong Kong
3043:Citations
2995:Cantonese
2815:talk page
2641:Joey Yung
2621:Anita Mui
2482:Bruce Lee
2427:egg tarts
2321:Cantonese
2309:Christmas
2256:feng shui
2251:feng shui
2113:descent.
2062:, by the
2020:Cantonese
1697:Szeto Wah
1574:Communist
1557:Yu Hanmou
1327:, in the
1190:July 2019
1182:talk page
1073:Hong Kong
870:Hong Kong
842:Hong Kong
699:very high
627:(nominal)
569:6,217,556
322:George VI
186:Religion
176:Cantonese
38:1841β1997
25:Hong Kong
8146:114Β°10β²E
8034:Category
7870:Colombia
7785:Kiribati
7662:Victoria
7602:Tasmania
7493:Virginia
7459:Stickeen
7447:Saybrook
7386:Plymouth
7332:New York
7270:Maryland
7262:Province
7225:Delaware
7195:Carolina
7187:Dominion
7181:Province
7144:Dominica
7092:Barbados
7064:Anguilla
7035:disputed
7016:Pakistan
6891:Maldives
6765:Billiton
6692:Rhodesia
6678:Tanzania
6674:Cameroon
6650:Zululand
6644:Zanzibar
6432:Botswana
6172:Shopping
6162:Religion
6065:Graffiti
6060:Gambling
5956:Airlines
5824:Protests
5809:Military
5731:Politics
5721:Villages
5681:Harbours
5656:Channels
5380:(1993).
5301:(1964).
5220:Archived
5180:(1997),
5158:(2004),
5136:(1995),
5118:Archived
5039:Archived
5002:Archived
4965:Archived
4903:Archived
4845:Archived
4808:Archived
4781:Archived
4754:Archived
4727:20192203
4690:Archived
4657:Archived
4624:Archived
4587:Archived
4497:Archived
4396:Archived
4312:Chu 2017
4300:Chu 2017
4288:Chu 2017
4276:Chu 2017
4264:Chu 2017
4136:17 March
4003:Archived
3986:Lam 2015
3974:Tam 2017
3844:2533284
3750:Archived
3523:(1843).
3408:(2002).
3378:(1999).
3294:Archived
3286:(1997).
3262:Archived
3223:23881414
3181:Archived
3179:. 2016.
3141:Archived
3108:Archived
3072:Archived
3030:in 1976.
2999:de facto
2997:was the
2914:See also
2808:disputed
2712:and the
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1527:that if
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1301:Shanghai
1241:Lin Zexu
1176:You may
1033:Jyutping
951:Bopomofo
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651:$ 24,698
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5516:History
5501:Outline
5414:(151).
5279:. 2016.
5245:. 2017.
4787:5 March
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2317:idioms
1968:Cadets
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1777:; and
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6877:Union
6835:India
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6496:Lagos
6490:Kenya
6484:Ghana
6468:Egypt
6177:Sport
6150:Youth
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6115:Media
6007:Crime
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5966:Buses
5890:Banks
5691:Lakes
5636:Areas
5608:2020s
5603:2010s
5598:2000s
5588:1990s
5583:1980s
5578:1970s
5573:1960s
5568:1950s
5430:JSTOR
5269:(PDF)
5254:(PDF)
5239:(PDF)
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4731:S2CID
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3882:S2CID
3819:JSTOR
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3360:8 May
3219:JSTOR
3184:(PDF)
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3060:(PDF)
2961:Notes
2870:-led
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5210:ISBN
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5126:2017
5064:ISBN
5047:2022
5029:ISBN
5010:2022
4992:ISBN
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4955:ISBN
4930:ISBN
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4893:ISBN
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4853:2022
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4776:Goal
4762:2018
4698:2022
4680:ISBN
4665:2022
4647:ISBN
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4614:ISBN
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4164:2022
4138:2008
4068:OCLC
4058:ISBN
4011:2019
3840:SSRN
3758:2020
3561:ISBN
3428:2009
3386:ISBN
3362:2007
3325:ISBN
3302:2007
3270:2021
3192:2018
3152:2018
3116:2018
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