7490:[Property? Bah! It's not a problem. Because when no one works for anyone, the hoarder of wealth disappears, as the government must disappear when no one pays attention to those who learned four things in the universities and for that sole reason they claim to govern men. Because if in the land of the blind the one-eyed man is king, where everyone sees and judges and discerns, the king is in the way. And what is involved is that there are no kings because they are all men. large industrial companies will be transformed by men into large associations where everyone works and enjoys the product of their work. And anarchism deals with those problems that are as simple as they are beautiful and the one who complies with them and lives is the one who is called an anarchist... The emphasis that the anarchist must tirelessly make is that no one should exploit anyone, no man to no man, because that non-exploitation would entail the limitation of property to individual needs.]
7488:ÂżLa propiedad? ¡Bah! No es problema. Porque cuando nadie trabaje para nadie, el acaparador de la riqueza desaparece, como ha de desaparecer el gobierno cuando nadie haga caso a los que aprendieron cuatro cosas en las universidades y por ese sĂłlo hecho pretenden gobernar a los hombres. Porque si en la tierra de los ciegos el tuerto es rey, en donde todos ven y juzgan y disciernen, el rey estorba. Y de lo que se trata es de que no haya reyes porque todos sean hombres. Las grandes empresas industriales las transformarán los hombres en grandes asociaciones donde todos trabajen y disfruten del producto de su trabajo. Y de esos tan sencillos como hermosos problemas trata el anarquismo y al que lo cumple y vive es al que se le llama anarquista...El hincapiĂ© que sin cansancio debe hacer el anarquista es el de que nadie debe explotar a nadie, ningĂşn hombre a ningĂşn hombre, porque esa no-explotaciĂłn llevarĂa consigo la limitaciĂłn de la propiedad a las necesidades individuales.
7353:
picked it up where he had dropped it, and in following it to its logical conclusions, made it the basis of a new economic philosophy...This seems to have been done independently by three different men, of three different nationalities, in three different languages: Josiah Warren, an
American; Pierre J. Proudhon, a Frenchman; Karl Marx, a German Jew...That the work of this interesting trio should have been done so nearly simultaneously would seem to indicate that Socialism was in the air, and that the time was ripe and the conditions favorable for the appearance of this new school of thought...So far as priority of time is concerned, the credit seems to belong to Warren, the American, – a fact which should be noted by the stump orators who are so fond of declaiming against Socialism as an imported article.
3708:
and Roemer model satisfied the main requirements of both socialism (workers own all the factors of production, not just labour) and market economies (prices determine efficient allocation of resources). New
Zealand economist Steven O'Donnell expanded on the Bardhan and Roemer model and decomposed the capital function in a general equilibrium system to take account of entrepreneurial activity in market socialist economies. O'Donnell (2003) set up a model that could be used as a blueprint for transition economies and the results suggested that although market socialist models were inherently unstable in the long term, they would provide in the short term the economic infrastructure necessary for a successful transition from planned to market economies.
3727:
their favor, either in the form of monopoly and market power, or by utilizing their wealth and resources to legislate government policies that benefit their specific business interests. Additionally, Vaněk states that workers in a socialist economy based on cooperative and self-managed enterprises have stronger incentives to maximize productivity because they would receive a share of the profits (based on the overall performance of their enterprise) in addition to receiving their fixed wage or salary. The stronger incentives to maximize productivity that he conceives as possible in a socialist economy based on cooperative and self-managed enterprises might be accomplished in a free-market economy if
3660:
4151:
7449:[capitalism is only the effect of the government; once the government is gone, capitalism falls from its pedestal vertiginously.... What we call capitalism is nothing other than the product of the State, within which the only thing that is cultivated is profit , well or ill-gotten. Fighting, then, against capitalism is a useless task, because whether it is State Capitalism or Company Capitalism, as long as the Government exists, the capital that exploits will exist. The fight, but of conscience, is against the State. ]
4061:, respectively. Officially these economic systems represent market economies that are in the long-term process of transition toward socialism. Key differences between models of market socialism and the Chinese and Vietnamese models include the role of private investment in enterprises, the lack of a social dividend or basic income system to equitably distribute state profits among the population and the existence and role of financial markets in the Chinese model—markets which are absent in the market socialist literature.
4085:) to influence the economy in the same manner governments affect the economy in capitalist economies. The market is the arbitrator for most economic activity, with economic planning being relegated to macro-economic government indicative planning that does not encompass the microeconomic decision-making that is left to the individual organizations and state-owned enterprises. This model includes a significant amount of privately owned firms that operate as a business for profit, but only for consumer goods and services.
3617:. If there were shortages, prices would be raised; if there were surpluses, prices would be lowered. Raising the prices would encourage businesses to increase production, driven by their desire to increase their profits, and in doing so eliminate the shortage. Lowering the prices would encourage businesses to curtail production to prevent losses, which would eliminate the surplus. Therefore, it would be a simulation of the market mechanism, which Lange thought would be capable of effectively managing supply and demand.
3333:
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1506:
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suppress, by sovereign decree, ground rent and interest on capital. I think that all these manifestations of human activity should remain free and voluntary for all: I ask for them no modifications, restrictions or suppressions, other than those which result naturally and of necessity from the universalization of the principle of reciprocity which I propose". Insofar as they ensure the worker's right to the full product of their labor, mutualists support
3321:
60:
2758:
4381:
in big associations in which everyone will work and enjoy the product of their work. And from those easy as well as beautiful problems anarchism deals with and he who puts them in practice and lives them are anarchists. The priority which without rest an anarchist must make is that in which no one has to exploit anyone, no man to no man, since that non-exploitation will lead to the limitation of property to individual needs".
10830:
2364:
10818:
10791:
10767:
3345:
1518:
1489:
3491:", with "cost" here referring not to monetary price paid but the labor one exerted to produce an item. Therefore, "e proposed a system to pay people with certificates indicating how many hours of work they did. They could exchange the notes at local time stores for goods that took the same amount of time to produce". He put his theories to the test by establishing an experimental "labor for labor store" called the
10754:
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7198:
effort on his own part, property distinguished by interest and rent, by the impositions of the non-producer on the producer. Towards property regarded as 'possession' the right of a man to control his dwelling and the land and tools he needs to live, Proudhon had no hostility; indeed, he regarded it as the cornerstone of liberty, and his main criticism of the communists was that they wished to destroy it.
4754:....it is important to realize that the school of thinking calls itself "market socialism" is further divisible along three different lines: (1) whether its goal, market socialism, involves only worker-owned enterprises, or a mix of enterprises some worker-owned, some privately-owned, some nationalized, etc. (2) whether market socialism will eventually by followed by communism...
5925:
4327:
it was, in his eyes, a state-supported monopoly of social capital (tools, machinery, etc.) which allows owners to exploit their employees, i.e., to avoid paying workers the full value of their labour. He thought that the "labouring classes are deprived of their earnings by usury in its three forms, interest, rent and profit". Therefore, "
5121:
that it would be possible to calculate the prices at which general equilibrium would be reached in a socialist economy by solving a complicated system of simultaneous equations . The third stage was marked by the realization, by Lange and others, that markets would indeed be required to find the socialist equilibrium .
3639:
represented as a system of equations. Solution values for these equations could be used to price all goods at marginal cost and direct production. Hayek (1935) argued against the proposal to simulate markets with equations. Dickinson (1939) adopted the Lange-Taylor proposal to simulate markets through trial and error.
3719:
and what to do with outputs) were made on a one-worker, one vote basis. Wolff called them workers self-directed enterprises (WSDEs). How they would interact with one another and with consumers was left open to democratic social decisions and could entail markets or planning, or likely mixtures of both.
4380:
are as follows "Since when no one works for another, the profiteer from wealth disappears, just as government will disappear when no one pays attention to those who learned four things at universities and from that fact they pretend to govern men. Big industrial enterprises will be transformed by men
4326:
presented this
Proudhonian Mutualism in its purest and most systematic form". Later, the American individualist anarchist Benjamin Tucker "was against both the state and capitalism, against both oppression and exploitation. While not against the market and property he was firmly against capitalism as
7197:
Ironically, Proudhon did not mean literally what he said. His boldness of expression was intended for emphasis, and by 'property' he wished to be understood what he later called 'the sum of its abuses'. He was denouncing the property of the man who uses it to exploit the labour of others without any
3707:
proposed a form of market socialism where there was a stock market that distributed shares of the capital stock equally among citizens. In this stock market, there is no buying or selling of stocks that leads to negative externalities associated with a concentration of capital ownership. The
Bardhan
3529:
calling them "Anarchistic-Socialism". Tucker said: "he fact that one class of men are dependent for their living upon the sale of their labour, while another class of men are relieved of the necessity of labour by being legally privileged to sell something that is not labour. And to such a state of
5120:
The first stage was marked by the realization by socialists that prices must be used for economic calculation under socialism; accounting in some kind of 'natural unit,' such as the amount of energy or labor commodities embodied, simply would not work. The second stage was characterized by the view
4354:
shows clearly opposition to capitalism and centralized economies when he said that the individualist anarchist "inwardly he remains refractory – fatally refractory – morally, intellectually, economically (The capitalist economy and the directed economy, the speculators and the fabricators of single
4259:
Mutualism originated from the writings of
Proudhon. Mutualists oppose the idea of individuals receiving an income through loans, investments and rent as they believe these individuals are not laboring. Although opposed this type of income, Proudhon expressed that he had never intended "to forbid or
3742:
Giacomo Corneo, Professor of Public
Finance and Social Policy at the Free University of Berlin, espouses an "updated version of market socialism" where large firms would be publicly owned (though by no more than 51% share), which would allow the government to distribute a social dividend, while the
3646:
rates arbitrarily. Lange and
Dickinson saw potential problems with bureaucratization in market socialism. According to Dickinson, "the attempt to check irresponsibility will tie up managers of socialist enterprises with so much red tape and bureaucratic regulation that they will lose all initiative
3638:
1934). Dickinson proposed a mathematical solution whereby the problems of a socialist economy could be solved by a central planning agency. The central agency would have the necessary statistics on the economy, as well as the capability of using statistics to direct production. The economy could be
2670:
in defence of a socialist outlook, and defending some socialist causes. Within this revised work he also made the radical proposal that the whole wage system be abolished in favour of a co-operative wage system. Nonetheless, some of his views on the idea of flat taxation remained, albeit altered in
7446:
el capitalismo es sĂłlo el efecto del gobierno; desaparecido el gobierno, el capitalismo cae de su pedestal vertiginosamente.... Lo que llamamos capitalismo no es otra cosa que el producto del Estado, dentro del cual lo Ăşnico que se cultiva es la ganancia, bien o mal habida. Luchar, pues, contra el
7161:
The ownership is basically that which is unearned including such things as interest on loans and income from rent. This is contrasted with ownership rights in those goods either produced by the work of the owner or necessary for that work, for example his dwelling-house, land and tools. Proudhon
6977:
Some have endorsed the concept of market socialism, a postcapitalist economy that retains market competition but socializes the means of production, and in some versions, extends democracy to the workplace. Some holdout for a nonmarket, participatory economy. All democratic socialists agree on the
6206:
The blueprint has private ownership in the means of production with respect to small- and medium-sized firms, because we think that individualism at the level of entrepreneurial initiatives is an important ingredient for economic dynamism. But all large firms would be in public ownership, and this
6051:
Finally, there is the curious circumstance that Lange's system is widely hailed as a pioneering effort in the theory of market socialism, when it is demonstrably no such thing: even the name 'market socialism' predates Lange, and Lange's system is explicitly a proposal to replace the market with a
3718:
refocused
Marxian economics giving it a microfoundational focus. The core idea was that transition from capitalism to socialism required the reorganization of the enterprise from a top-down hierarchical capitalist model to a model where all key enterprise decisions (what, how, and where to produce
4805:
Market socialism is the general designation for a number of models of economic systems. On the one hand, the market mechanism is utilized to distribute economic output, to organize production and to allocate factor inputs. On the other hand, the economic surplus accrues to society at large rather
4367:
thought that "capitalism is an effect of government; the disappearance of government means capitalism falls from its pedestal vertiginously. That which we call capitalism is not something else but a product of the State, within which the only thing that is being pushed forward is profit, good or
4333:
will abolish interest; it will abolish profit; it will abolish monopolistic rent; it will abolish taxation; it will abolish the exploitation of labour; it will abolish all means whereby any labourer can be deprived of any of his product". This stance puts him squarely in the libertarian socialist
4006:
Both the
Eastern European and Chinese socialist approaches to market reforms assume that a "market economy" is not necessarily a capitalist market economy, and that a socialist economy is not necessarily a planned economy. This view draws support from Karl Marx's observations that markets existed
3726:
argue that genuinely free markets are not possible under conditions of private ownership of productive property. Instead, he contends that the class differences and inequalities in income and power that result from private ownership enable the interests of the dominant class to skew the market to
7352:
The economic principles of Modern
Socialism are a logical deduction from the principle laid down by Adam Smith in the early chapters of his "Wealth of Nations," – namely, that labor is the true measure of price...Half a century or more after Smith enunciated the principle above stated, Socialism
4105:
perspective which states that a planned socialist economy can only emerge after first developing the basis for socialism through the establishment of a market economy and commodity-exchange economy; and that socialism would only emerge after this stage has exhausted its historical necessity and
2732:
The form of association, however, which if mankind continue to improve, must be expected in the end to predominate, is not that which can exist between a capitalist as chief, and work-people without a voice in the management, but the association of the labourers themselves on terms of equality,
4097:
of state institutions, transforming them into joint-stock companies. As of 2008, there were 150 state-owned corporations directly under the central government. These state-owned corporations have been reformed and become increasingly dynamic and a major source of revenue for the state in 2008,
3586:. Although these early models did not rely on conventional markets, they were labeled market socialist for their utilization of financial prices and calculation. Alternative outlines for market socialism involve models where socially owned enterprises or producer co-operatives operate within
6084:
Usually Oskar Lange is regarded as the originator of the concept of market socialism, in spite of the fact that he never spoke of market socialism and would not have been the first if he had. In fact, Lange's model involves only a partial market simulation for the trial-and-error iterative
4338:
3789:. In particular, in 1983 Nove proposed what he called "feasible socialism", a mixed economy consisting of state-run enterprises, autonomous publicly owned firms, cooperatives and small-scale private enterprise operating in a market economy that included a role for macroeconomic planning.
4572:
involved coercion, exploitation and violence that Smith's moral philosophy could not countenance. McNally criticizes market socialists for believing in the possibility of fair markets based on equal exchanges to be achieved by purging parasitical elements from the market economy such as
3624:
was often labelled as market socialism, it is better described as market simulation because factor markets did not exist for the allocation of capital goods. The objective of the Lange–Lerner model was explicitly to replace markets with a non-market system of resource allocation.
5385:
Mill, in contrast, advances a form of liberal democratic socialism for the enlargement of freedom as well as to realize social and distributive justice. He offers a powerful account of economic injustice and justice that is centered on his understanding of freedom and its
5340:(3rd edition; the passage about flat taxation was altered by the author in this edition, which is acknowledged in this online edition's footnote 8. This sentence replaced in the 3rd ed. a sentence of the original: "It is partial taxation, which is a mild form of robbery".
4310:, was the first anarchist periodical published. For American anarchist historian Eunice Minette Schuster, "t is apparent that Proudhonian Anarchism was to be found in the United States at least as early as 1848 and that it was not conscious of its affinity to the
4355:
systems are equally repugnant to him.)". He argued for a pluralistic economic logic when he said that "Here and there everything happening – here everyone receiving what they need, there each one getting whatever is needed according to their own capacity. Here,
4041:
do not consider it to be a form of market socialism in the neoclassical sense and many Western economists and political scientists question the degree to which this model constitutes a form of market socialism, often preferring to describe it as
3530:
things I am as much opposed as anyone. But the minute you remove privilege every man will be a labourer exchanging with fellow-labourers. What Anarchistic-Socialism aims to abolish is usury it wants to deprive capital of its reward". American
4002:
is allowed to determine prices for consumer goods and agricultural products, and farmers are allowed to sell all or some of their products on the open market and keep some or all of the profit as an incentive to increase and improve production.
3993:
such as heavy industry, energy and infrastructure while introducing decentralised decision making and giving local managers more freedom to make decisions and respond to market demands. Market socialist systems also allow private ownership and
4072:
are state-owned, but a substantial portion of both the state and private sectors of economy are governed by market practices, including a stock exchange for trading equity and the utilization of indirect macroeconomic market mechanisms (i.e.
4088:
In the Chinese system, directive planning based on mandatory output requirements and quotas were displaced by market mechanisms for most of the economy, including both the state and private sectors, although the government engages in
4363:– one product for another; there, exchange – product for representative value. Here, the producer is the owner of the product, there, the product is put to the possession of the collectivity". The Spanish individualist anarchist
2524:
is a form of market simulated planning where a central planning board allocates investment and capital goods by simulating factor market transactions, while markets allocate labor and consumer goods. The system was devised by
6171:...the federal shareholder should retain only 51 percent of their shares. Private ownership of the remaining 29% percent has a key role to play in creating an incentive structure that leads those firms to maximize profits.
7265:
Tucker and Bakunin both shared Proudhon's opposition to private property (in the capitalist sense of the word), although Tucker confused this opposition (and possibly the casual reader) by talking about possession as
3495:
where trade was facilitated by notes backed by a promise to perform labor. The store proved successful and operated for three years after which it was closed so that Warren could pursue establishing colonies based on
7926:
tradition, and that market anarchists can and should call themselves "socialists." See Gary Chartier, "Advocates of Freed Markets Should Oppose Capitalism," "Free-Market Anti-Capitalism?" session, annual conference,
2536:
Real-world attempts to create market socialist economies have only partially implemented the measures envisioned by its theorists, but the term has sometimes been used to describe the results of various attempts at
5184:
2481:
and equality through policy measures such as taxes, subsidies, and social welfare programs, market socialism aims to achieve similar goals through changing patterns of enterprise ownership and management.
4255:
which holds that when labor or its product is sold it ought to receive in exchange goods or services embodying "the amount of labor necessary to produce an article of exactly similar and equal utility".
7447:
capitalismo es tarea inútil, porque sea Capitalismo de Estado o Capitalismo de Empresa, mientras el Gobierno exista, existirá el capital que explota. La lucha, pero de conciencias, es contra el Estado.
4502:
thrived in the 1960s, laying the groundwork for modern left-wing market anarchism. Left-wing market anarchism identifies with left-libertarianism which names several related yet distinct approaches to
3578:
provided the theoretical basis for more comprehensive models of market socialism. Early neoclassical models of socialism included a role for a central planning board (CPB) in setting prices equal to
6193:
4251:. Integral to the scheme was the establishment of a mutual-credit bank that would lend to producers at a minimal interest rate, just high enough to cover administration. Mutualism is based on a
5027:) became commonplace. A special term was considered necessary to distinguish those socialists prepared to accept some role for factor markets from the now mainstream socialists who were not.
5905:
4207:, who started a correspondence with Proudhon. The two influenced each other and met in Paris while Marx was exiled there. Their friendship finally ended when Marx responded to Proudhon's
7162:
initially refers to legitimate rights of ownership of these goods as 'possession,' and although in his latter work he calls this 'property,' the conceptual distinction remains the same.
3862:
characterized pension fund socialism as "a form of market socialism", concluding that it was promising but perhaps with prospects more limited than those envisioned by its enthusiasts.
3590:
under the criterion of profitability. In recent models proposed by American neoclassical economists, public ownership of the means of production is achieved through public ownership of
4272:
in the product of labor. However, mutualists argue for conditional titles to land, whose ownership is legitimate only so long as it remains in use or occupation (which Proudhon called
7911:
6408:
269:
4865:
It is an economic system that combines social ownership of capital with market allocation of capital...The state owns the means of production, and returns accrue to society at large.
8538:
7922:) in maintaining that, because of its heritage and its emancipatory goals and potential, radical market anarchism should be seen – by its proponents and by others – as part of the
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4989:
Social democracy achieves greater egalitarianism via ex post government taxes and subsidies, where market socialism does so via ex ante changes in patterns of enterprise ownership.
3534:
such as Tucker saw themselves as economic market socialists and political individualists while arguing that their "anarchistic socialism" or "individual anarchism" was "consistent
2721:, Mill would argue that "as far as economic theory was concerned, there is nothing in principle in economic theory that precludes an economic order based on socialist policies".
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acquiring shares of private enterprises to socialize ownership and control of firms. Bruenig claims that this form of market socialism is similar to that advocated by
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6356:
5142:
6823:
3642:
The Lange–Dickinson version of market socialism kept capital investment out of the market. Lange (1926 p65) insisted that a central planning board would have to set
4498:. While with notable exceptions market-oriented libertarians after Tucker tended to ally with the political right, relationships between those libertarians and the
4968:
4819:
3613:(1929) proposed that central planning boards set prices through "trial and error", making adjustments as shortages and surpluses occurred rather than relying on a
3798:
3505:
3387:
2550:
4462:
The genealogy of contemporary left-wing market anarchism, sometimes labelled market-oriented left-libertarianism, overlaps to a significant degree with that of
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5059:
y the 1820s, 'Smithian' apologists for industrial capitalism confronted 'Smithian' socialists in a vigorous, and often venomous, debate over political economy.
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2477:
because most models of market socialism propose complete and self-regulating systems, unlike the mixed economy. While social democracy aims to achieve greater
7340:
5438:
3476:, was the first anarchist periodical published, an enterprise for which he built his own printing press, cast his own type, and made his own printing plates.
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4541:. Those left-libertarians who support property do so under different property norms and theories, or under the condition that recompense is offered to the
4372:
or Enterprise capitalism, as long as Government exists, exploiting capital will exist. The fight, but of consciousness, is against the State". His view on
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9328:
3456:
Anarchism was to be found in the United States at least as early as 1848 and that it was not conscious of its affinity to the Individualist Anarchism of
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5488:
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to introduce market elements into its economic system. In this sense, market socialism was first attempted during the 1920s in the Soviet Union as the
2394:
7730:
4568:'s moral intent and moral philosophy espousing equal exchange was undermined by the practice of the free market he championed—the development of the
4181:
and considered among its most influential theorists. Proudhon is considered by many to be the "father of anarchism". Proudhon became a member of the
3844:
is self-described as market socialist. It has an extremely high prevalence of cooperatives, especially in agriculture and retail, with the continued
6845:
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argue in the Marxist tradition that the logic of the market inherently produces inequitable outcomes and leads to unequal exchanges, arguing that
4110:
attempted to go from a natural economy to a planned economy by decree, without passing through the necessary market economy phase of development.
3852:. Cooperative businesses in Vietnam are also incentivized and supported by the government, receiving many benefits that private companies do not.
5215:
7756:
4334:
tradition and, unsurprisingly, Tucker referred to himself many times as a socialist and considered his philosophy to be "narchistic socialism".
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8087:
Sullivan, Mark A. (July 2003). "Why the Georgist Movement Has Not Succeeded: A Personal Response to the Question Raised by Warren J. Samuels."
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privileges. Referred to as left-wing market anarchists or market-oriented left-libertarians, proponents of this approach strongly affirm the
4037:
is used for the allocation of capital goods in both the state and private sectors. However, Chinese political and economic proponents of the
4124:
Some democratic socialists advocate forms of market socialism, some of which are based on self-management. Others advocate for a non-market
6872:
3678:, promoted a model of market socialism dubbed the Illyrian model, where firms were socially owned by their employees and structured around
3436:. Proponents believe that cooperatives, credit unions and other forms of worker ownership would become viable without being subject to the
8089:
7964:
Chris Sciabarra is the only scholar associated with this school of left-libertarianism who is skeptical about anarchism; see Sciabarra's
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collectively owning the capital with which they carry on their operations and working under managers elected and removable by themselves.
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5625:. The COST consists of the amount of labor bestowed on the mineral or natural wealth, in converting it into metals...". Warren, Josiah.
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The Anarchist FAQ Editorial Collective. "Replies to Some Errors and Distortions in Bryan Caplan's 'Anarchist Theory FAQ' version 5.2".
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gradually transforms itself into socialism. Proponents of this model argue that the economic system of the former Soviet Union and its
6131:
3986:. During the later stages there was talk within top circles that the Soviet Union should move toward a market-based socialist system.
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presented this Proudhonian Mutualism in its purest and most systematic form". Josiah Warren is widely regarded as the first American
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for large state enterprises. In comparison with the Soviet-type planned economy, the Chinese socialist market model is based on the
6737:
Du, Julan; Xu, Chenggang (April 2005). "Market socialism or Capitalism? Evidence from Chinese Financial Market Development, 2005".
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described the United States system of regulated pension funds providing capital to financial markets as "pension fund socialism".
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4203:, published in 1840. The book's publication attracted the attention of the French authorities. It also attracted the scrutiny of
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215:
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H. D. Dickinson published two articles proposing a form of market socialism, namely "Price Formation in a Socialist Community" (
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American economists in the latter half of the 20th century developed models based such as coupon socialism (by the economist
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5857:. "Il Ministro della Produzione nello Stato Collettivista" [The Ministry of Production in the Collectivist State].
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Simon, William H. (1995). "Prospects for Pension Fund Socialism". In McCahery, J.; Picciotto, Sol; Scott, Colin (eds.).
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than to a class of private (capitalist) owners, through some form of collective, public or social ownership of capital.
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rest of the firms would be privately owned and subject to regulations to protect employees, consumers and environment.
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2513:, while removing the market-distorting effects of concentrating ownership and wealth in the hands of a small class of
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359:
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Markets Not Capitalism: Individualist Anarchism Against Bosses, Inequality, Corporate Power, and Structural Poverty.
8356:
Man and Matter: A Philosophical Inquiry into the Justification of Ownership in Land from the Basis of Self-Ownership
8054:
5430:
10663:
9079:
7894:
Markets Not Capitalism: Individualist Anarchism Against Bosses, Inequality, Corporate Power, and Structural Poverty
7868:
Markets Not Capitalism: Individualist Anarchism Against Bosses, Inequality, Corporate Power, and Structural Poverty
7510:
Markets Not Capitalism: Individualist Anarchism Against Bosses, Inequality, Corporate Power, and Structural Poverty
5727:
Markets Not Capitalism: Individualist Anarchism Against Bosses, Inequality, Corporate Power, and Structural Poverty
2797:
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2462:, profits may variously be used to directly remunerate employees, accrue to society at large as the source of
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1983:
1973:
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construction of a central plan, which belongs to the set of decentralization procedures in central planning.
3432:. Proudhon envisioned a decentralized market where people would enter the market with equal power, negating
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This form of market socialism has been termed free-market socialism because it does not involve planners.
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3958:(NEP) before being abandoned. Later, elements of market socialism were introduced in Hungary (nicknamed
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economy. The aim of such proposals was to eliminate exploitation by allowing individuals to receive the
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2686:, first published in 1848, was one of the most widely read of all books on economics in the period. As
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Baum, Bruce. (2007). "J. S. Mill and Liberal Socialism". In Urbanati, Nadia; Zachars, Alex (eds.).
5105:
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to distinguish them from the common conception which these libertarians believe to be riddled with
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33:
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7287:
6651:"From Belgrade to Beijing : Comparing Socialist Economic Reforms in Eastern Europe and China"
5518:
4247:, either individually or collectively, with trade representing equivalent amounts of labor in the
4049:
Although similar in name, market socialism differs markedly from the socialist market economy and
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2582:
The key theoretical basis for market socialism is the negation of the underlying expropriation of
10795:
9752:
9387:
9131:
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8910:
8805:
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6497:
6409:"Key role of the state economic sector in Vietnam's socialist-oriented market economy undeniable"
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4408:
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4162:
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2149:
1877:
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1473:
1355:
581:
571:
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7210:
The Anarchist FAQ Editorial Collective. "Section G - Is individualist anarchism capitalistic?".
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5974:
4533:
rights and maintain that natural resources (land, oil, gold and trees) ought to be held in some
4007:
under historical modes of production such as the Roman slave market economy and feudal markets.
2454:
and the means of production. Under such a system, depending on whether socially owned firms are
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Historically, these kinds of market socialist systems attempt to retain state ownership of the
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3651:(1944), Abba Lerner admitted that capital investment would be politicized in market socialism.
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scheme have been implemented on the basis of public ownership of natural resources in Alaska (
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1968:
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32:. For a particular form of Market socialism practised in the People's Republic of China, see
22:
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in foreign policy; and thoroughly liberal or radical views regarding socio-cultural issues.
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8107:"Why Left-Libertarianism Is Not Incoherent, Indeterminate, or Irrelevant: A Reply to Fried"
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92:
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3516:, published in 1852, was the most lucid and complete exposition of Warren's own theories.
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philosophers, conceived of socialism as a natural development of the market principles of
8:
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59:
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9757:
6873:"Today's State-Owned Enterprises of China: Are They Dying Dinosaurs or Dynamic Dynamos?"
6667:
6650:
3950:
The phrase market socialism has occasionally been used in reference to any attempt by a
3822:
1242:
16:
Economic system based on social ownership of the means of production in a market economy
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advocates for a version of market socialism he calls "funds socialism," which involves
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220:
155:
43:
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7143:
Classical Anarchism: The Political Thought of Godwin, Proudhon, Bakunin, and Kropotkin
4098:
leading the economic recovery in 2009 during the wake of the global financial crises.
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6846:"InfoViewer: China's champions: Why state ownership is no longer proving a dead hand"
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From Marx to Mises: Post Capitalist Society and the Challenge of Economic Calculation
6012:
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5915:
5884:
5834:
5355:
5257:
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From Marx to Mises: Post Capitalist Society and the Challenge of Economic Calculation
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has been described as attempting market socialist reforms. Similarly, the economy of
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616:
556:
511:
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456:
391:
170:
160:
97:
8354:
8131:
5404:
Principles of Political Economy with some of their Applications to Social Philosophy
4368:
badly acquired. And so to fight against capitalism is a pointless task, since be it
3723:
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10822:
10783:
10771:
10644:
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2018:
2003:
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1493:
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1049:
1009:
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829:
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809:
784:
729:
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621:
596:
481:
451:
327:
255:
240:
180:
145:
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6990:
6896:
4744:
Schweickart, David; Lawler, James; Tickten, Hillel; Ollman, Bertell (2016-04-22).
2953:
2533:
nor through solving a system of simultaneous equations for economic coordination.
1292:
954:
684:
10515:
10485:
10305:
10285:
10280:
10275:
10215:
10205:
10200:
10185:
10155:
10081:
9941:
9921:
9896:
9826:
9786:
9675:
9670:
9549:
9514:
9509:
9504:
9179:
9042:
8905:
8768:
8763:
8597:
8537:, with other contributions by James Lawler, Hillel Ticktin and David Schewikart.
8515:"The Austrian Dehomogenization Debate, or the Possibility of a Hayekian Planner,"
8442:
8400:
8367:
8340:
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8165:
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7939:
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5281:
4668:
4599:
4542:
4479:
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4341:
4285:
4236:
4094:
4078:
4025:
The term market socialism has been used to refer to reformed economic systems in
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601:
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235:
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9871:
8483:
Against the Market: Political Economy, Market Socialism and the Marxist Critique
6930:
Financial Markets in Vietnam's Transition Economy: Facts, Insights, Implications
6564:
6000:
5041:
Against the Market: Political Economy, Market Socialism and the Marxist Critique
4351:
3786:
28:
For the left-libertarian proposals sometimes described as market socialism, see
10604:
10545:
10505:
10490:
10425:
10415:
10395:
10385:
10375:
10340:
10320:
10260:
10210:
10170:
10145:
10140:
10066:
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9861:
9806:
9655:
9422:
9407:
9338:
9257:
8967:
8189:
8181:
7982:
7098:
6933:
5704:
4648:
4569:
4511:
4436:
4373:
4219:. The dispute became one of the sources of the split between the anarchist and
3830:
3758:
3736:
3732:
3700:
3666:
is a Marxian economist who is a proponent of workers self-directed enterprises.
3610:
3606:
3452:
For American anarchist historian Eunice Minette Schuster, "t is apparent that
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3209:
2983:
2888:
2777:
2562:
2463:
2423:
2298:
2114:
2008:
1852:
1385:
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1247:
1237:
1162:
1132:
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1117:
1004:
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944:
914:
854:
794:
769:
709:
396:
205:
10609:
10250:
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5790:
4439:
while maintaining that taken to their logical conclusions these ideas support
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3874:
3805:
was widely considered to have been a form of market-based socialism, based on
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1282:
10844:
10634:
10475:
10465:
10435:
10410:
10380:
10315:
10310:
10245:
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9986:
9966:
9946:
9796:
9564:
9499:
9489:
9457:
9308:
9296:
9262:
9172:
9163:
9116:
8758:
8581:
8523:
8215:
8169:
7885:
7859:
7833:
7810:
7501:
6676:
6521:
6468:
5854:
5791:
5762:
5740:
5718:
5249:
4412:
4315:
4299:
4074:
3855:
3818:
3797:
A number of market socialist elements have existed in various economies. The
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3579:
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3457:
3298:
3126:
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who believed that a socialist economy could neither function on the basis of
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2348:
2333:
2139:
2129:
2119:
2104:
2084:
2013:
1857:
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1405:
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1044:
949:
869:
789:
764:
689:
626:
461:
260:
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7650:
7609:(2008). "Liberty, Equality, Solidarity: Toward a Dialectical Anarchism". In
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Property and Prophets: the evolution of economic institutions and ideologies
4927:
3033:
694:
10575:
10555:
10550:
10540:
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10360:
10230:
9956:
9936:
9931:
9901:
9801:
9323:
9141:
8994:
8930:
8161:
7907:
7614:
7541:
7523:
7211:
6739:
International Economic Association 2005 Round Table on Market and Socialism
5946:
Taylor, Fred M. (1929). "The Guidance of Production in a Socialist State".
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4416:
4400:
4356:
4107:
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3746:
3554:
3501:
3433:
3421:
3177:
3003:
2938:
2923:
2913:
2542:
2451:
2223:
2099:
1963:
1958:
1953:
1938:
1892:
1867:
1842:
1837:
1784:
1638:
1152:
1102:
1097:
1082:
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1024:
994:
919:
904:
879:
839:
799:
774:
739:
654:
10195:
6871:
Ralston, David A.; Terpstra-Tong, Jane; Terpstra, Robert H.; Wang, Xueli.
6494:
Corporate Control and Accountability: Changing Structures and the Dynamics
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9685:
9610:
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9479:
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8935:
8845:
8773:
8594:
Market, State, and Community: Theoretical Foundations of Market Socialism
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8486:
8072:
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5876:
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3686:
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3444:
works which argue that free markets help workers and weaken capitalists.
3305:
2679:
which he favoured; and those on earned incomes, which he did not favour.
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834:
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804:
759:
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644:
606:
501:
344:
274:
140:
8624:
Markets in the Name of Socialism: The Left-Wing Origins of Neoliberalism
6352:
6115:
6098:
5511:"Native American Anarchism: A Study of Left-Wing American Individualism"
4929:
Markets in the name of Socialism: The Left-Wing origins of Neoliberalism
4904:
3523:
fused the economics of Warren and Proudhon and published these ideas in
3356:
2505:, and proposed the creation of co-operative enterprises to compete in a
2485:
Though the term "market socialism" only emerged in the 1920s during the
10649:
10585:
10265:
10255:
10175:
9313:
9184:
9054:
9013:
8989:
8864:
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After a decade of political, social and economic turmoil following the
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2687:
1618:
1586:
1345:
1252:
989:
819:
521:
476:
7282:
Native American Anarchism: A Study of Left-Wing American Individualism
6620:"China: Is its 'socialist market economy' era over? – DW – 03/29/2023"
5701:
Individual Liberty: Selections from the Writings of Benjamin R. Tucker
5638:
Madison, Charles A. (January 1945). "Anarchism in the United States".
4768:
Is Capitalism Obsolete? A Journey through Alternative Economic Systems
4506:, society, culture and political and social theory, which stress both
10697:
10692:
10619:
10445:
10235:
10190:
10125:
9981:
9585:
9524:
9412:
9282:
9158:
9084:
9049:
8873:
8800:
8738:
8696:
8573:
7923:
7182:
6344:
6163:
s Capitalism Obsolete? A Journey through Alternative Economic Systems
5911:
5551:
5076:
4790:
4643:
4582:
4452:
4303:
4240:
4204:
3782:
3469:
3417:
3288:
3273:
3053:
2308:
1832:
1797:
1732:
1596:
1591:
1340:
1182:
1014:
724:
561:
546:
436:
416:
406:
51:
7392:
6207:
would be the key difference with respect to today's economic system.
5653:
10717:
10712:
10614:
10150:
9099:
9094:
9059:
8920:
8830:
6901:
6526:
6184:"Towards Shareholder Socialism? | An interview with Giacomo Corneo"
5546:
5354:(4th ed.). Long Grove, Illinois: Waveland Press. p. 172.
4879:"Social Dividend Versus Basic Income Guarantee in Market Socialism"
4653:
4503:
4499:
4269:
3453:
3226:
2664:
that he moved toward a more socialist bent, adding chapters to his
1685:
8207:
7757:"Libertarian Left: Free-market anti-capitalism, the unknown ideal"
7366:""Anarchist Individualism as a Life and Activity" by Émile Armand"
7244:
7209:
5586:
Josiah Warren: The First American Anarchist – A Sociological Study
5023:
It was in the early 1920s that the expression 'market socialism' (
4068:
is frequently referred to as a socialist market economy where the
10530:
10430:
9355:
8835:
8790:
8546:
Introducing Entrepreneurial Activity Into Market Socialist Models
8333:
8303:
8272:
8249:
6465:
The Unseen Revolution: How Pension Fund Socialism Came to America
4718:
4428:
4337:
4220:
3967:
3837:
3773:
Another form of market socialism has been promoted by critics of
3670:
Economists active in the former Yugoslavia, including Czech-born
3429:
3425:
3106:
2625:. These models of socialism entailed perfecting or improving the
2041:
1817:
1072:
551:
531:
3597:
The earliest models of neoclassical socialism were developed by
10829:
10460:
10400:
9121:
8653:
8008:
7932:
7931:(Cæsar's Palace, Las Vegas, NV, 13 April 2010); Gary Chartier,
6818:
6592:[Libyan Jamahiriya between past and present - Part 1].
6224:"Common Wealth: workers' ownership in the history of socialism"
5766:
5747:. Free-Market Anti-Capitalism?. Cæsar's Palace, Las Vegas, NV:
4360:
4029:, most notably in reference to the contemporary economy of the
3447:
2704:, it was the standard text until 1919, when it was replaced by
2442:, which have substituted the market mechanism for some form of
2363:
2169:
1077:
10817:
10790:
10766:
6791:. International Conference on China's Planning System Reform.
6753:
6590:"Libijska džamahirija između prošlosti i sadašnjosti - 1. dio"
5794:; Tulsa Alliance of the Libertarian Left (12 September 2009).
4743:
3927:
in 1978 and formally amended its constitution in adopting the
3546:
that is based on a revival of such market socialist theories.
3344:
2590:. Socialist theories that favored the market date back to the
2473:
Market socialism can be distinguished from the concept of the
1517:
1488:
9105:
7933:"Advocates of Freed Markets Should Embrace 'Anti-Capitalism'"
7620:
Anarchism/Minarchism: Is a Government Part of a Free Country?
7309:
Various Authors. "Benjamin Tucker: Capitalist or Anarchist".
5767:"Advocates of Freed Markets Should Embrace 'Anti-Capitalism'"
5592:. Boston: Small, Maynard & Co. p. 20. Archived from
3253:
3241:
889:
8664:
8105:
Vallentyne, Peter; Steiner, Hillel; Otsuka, Michael (2005).
7546:
The Homebrew Industrial Revolution: A Low-Overhead Manifesto
7025:
6870:
2426:. Various models for such a system exist, usually involving
8013:. Rothbard Memorial Lecture, Austrian Scholars Conference.
5377:
J. S. Mill's Political Thought: A Bicentennial Reassessment
3870:
3654:
2724:
Mill also promoted substituting capitalist businesses with
322:
3731:
were the norm as envisioned by various thinkers including
8343:. Center for a Stateless Society. Retrieved 8 April 2020.
6132:"Cooperative Economics: An Interview with Jaroslav Vanek"
5673:
5671:
4010:
3998:
in the service and other secondary economic sectors. The
3649:
The Economics of Control: Principles of Welfare Economics
2675:
to reflect a concern for differentiating restrictions on
6005:
The Socialist System: the political economy of communism
4466:
as the roots of that tradition are sketched in the book
3472:, and the four-page weekly paper he edited during 1833,
2520:
Although sometimes described as "market socialism", the
8104:
7271:
6380:
Reform Rule in Czechoslovakia: The Dubcek Era 1968–1969
4403:, Roderick T. Long, Charles W. Johnson, Brad Spangler,
3896:
Policies similar to the market socialist proposal of a
3440:. Market socialism has also been used to describe some
8401:"Land-locked: A Critique of Carson on Property Rights"
6754:"Socialism and the market: China and Vietnam compared"
5668:
4851:
Comparing Economic Systems in the Twenty-First Century
4620:
Worker representation on corporate boards of directors
4521:, left-libertarians believe that neither claiming nor
4306:
and the four-page weekly paper he edited during 1833,
3682:, competing with each other in open and free markets.
10806:
6756:. Links International Journal for Socialist Renewal.
3974:
has been described as a market socialist system. The
3817:. Some of the economic reforms introduced during the
4581:, arguing that market socialism is an oxymoron when
3881:
could be described as a form of market socialism as
3647:
and independence" (Dickinson 1938, p. 214). In
8334:"The Organic Emergence of Property from Reputation"
7750:
7748:
5745:
Advocates of Freed Markets Should Oppose Capitalism
4963:
3934:
8346:
7793:Total Freedom: Toward a Dialectical Libertarianism
6066:Market Socialism Or the Restoration of Capitalism?
5350:Ekelund, Robert B. Jr.; HĂ©bert, Robert F. (1997).
5241:
8160:
8098:
7977:
7393:"Anarchist Individualism and Amorous Comradeship"
5308:
4284:. However, some individualist anarchists such as
3634:1933) and "The Problems of a Socialist Economy" (
2613:Proponents of early market socialism include the
10842:
7745:
6978:need for a democratic alternative to capitalism.
6318:
5407:(7th ed.). London: Longmans, Green and Co.
3978:attempted to introduce a market system with its
2466:, or be distributed amongst the population in a
8389:
7884:
7858:
7832:Gillis, William (2011). "The Freed Market". In
7512:. Brooklyn, NY: Minor Compositions/Autonomedia.
7500:
7056:The Blackwell Encyclopedia of Political Thought
6434:"Vietnam to release white book on cooperatives"
5717:
5320:"On The General Principles of Taxation, V.2.14"
8156:
8154:
8152:
8010:Rothbard's 'Left and Right': Forty Years Later
7825:
7731:"Workers of the World Unite for a Free Market"
7528:Organization Theory: A Libertarian Perspective
6785:The Role of Planning in China's Market Economy
6300:"Feasible Socialism: Market or Plan – Or Both"
2446:, market socialists wish to retain the use of
8680:
8543:
8535:Market Socialism: the Debate Among Socialists
8233:
6814:"Reassessing China's State-Owned Enterprises"
6406:
6096:
5349:
4848:
4746:Market Socialism: The Debate Among Socialists
3768:
3381:
2700:dominated economics teaching. In the case of
2388:
1542:
8326:
8295:
8034:Related, arguably synonymous, terms include
6957:Anderson, Gary L.; Herr, Kathryn G. (2007).
6956:
6745:
5240:(2004). Bentham, Jeremy; Ryan, Alan (eds.).
4999:
4997:
4849:Gregory, Paul R.; Stuart, Robert C. (2003).
3781:. The most notable of these economists were
3448:Individualist anarchism in the United States
8604:
8530:Brooklyn, NY:Minor Compositions/Autonomedia
8149:
8090:American Journal of Economics and Sociology
7929:Association of Private Enterprise Education
7308:
6959:Encyclopedia of Activism and Social Justice
6099:"Market socialism, a case for rejuvenation"
5826:The New Palgrave: A Dictionary of Economics
5749:Association of Private Enterprise Education
5578:
5576:
5574:
5435:Mutualist Blog: Free Market Anti-Capitalism
5275:
5273:
5212:Mutualist Blog: Free Market Anti-Capitalism
4195:. Proudhon's best-known assertion is that "
3970:) in the 1970s and 1980s. The contemporary
2438:. In contrast to the majority of historic
8687:
8673:
8562:Equal Shares: Making Market Socialism Work
8264:
7647:"Market Anarchism as Stigmergic Socialism"
7384:
7173:
6777:
6775:
6097:Bardhan, Pranab; Roemer, Johen E. (1992).
5135:"The Forgotten Vision of Market Socialism"
4884:International Journal of Political Economy
4784:
4128:based on decentralized economic planning.
3931:as the country's economic system in 1993.
3388:
3374:
2395:
2381:
1549:
1535:
8434:
8242:"Panarchy Flourishes Under Geo-Mutualism"
7945:Socialist Ends, Market Means: Five Essays
7787:
7286:. Againstallauthority.org. Archived from
7095:Proudhon's Solution of the Social Problem
6666:
6114:
5797:Socialist Ends, Market Means: Five Essays
5484:The General Idea of Proudhon's Revolution
4994:
4302:is widely regarded as the first American
3833:, included elements of market socialism.
3549:
3412:which attacks the legitimacy of existing
8440:
8067:
8028:
7809:
7644:
7623:. Aldershot: Ashgate. pp. 155–188.
7179:Beyond Schooling: An Anarchist Challenge
7089:
6587:
5739:
5571:
5540:
5538:
5536:
5459:
5270:
5070:
4876:
4817:
4336:
4149:
3658:
3655:Late 20th century and early 21st century
3553:
3217:Korean People's Association in Manchuria
9142:Marxism–Leninism–Maoism–Gonzalo Thought
8620:
8480:
8239:
7754:
7728:
7701:
7605:
7564:Reason and Value: Aristotle versus Rand
7140:
7073:Tandy, Francis D. (1896). "Chapter 6".
6772:
6696:
6694:
6462:
6254:
6221:
5972:
5637:
5431:"Eugene Plawiuk on Anarchist Socialism"
5352:A history of economic theory and method
5038:
4925:
4225:International Working Men's Association
4177:is the first person to call himself an
4113:
4101:This economic model is defended from a
10843:
9147:Marxism–Leninism–Maoism–Prachanda Path
8588:
8556:
8352:
8301:
7914:, and others (echoing the language of
7831:
7663:
7540:
7522:
7390:
7117:"What is Mutualism? VI. Land and Rent"
7050:
6989:
6534:from the original on 29 September 2023
6522:"Cuba inches towards market socialism"
6324:
6160:
6063:
6031:
5999:
5945:
5903:
5695:
5582:
5544:
5428:
5279:
5205:
5099:
5003:
4765:
4464:Steiner–Vallentyne left-libertarianism
4189:, whereon he referred to himself as a
4066:socialism with Chinese characteristics
4017:Socialism with Chinese characteristics
4011:Socialism with Chinese characteristics
3722:Advocates of market socialism such as
3408:developed a theoretical system called
3200:International Workingmen's Association
2577:
2572:
10672:International socialist organizations
8668:
8443:"Rothbard as a Political Philosopher"
8377:from the original on 6 September 2021
8240:Schnack, William (13 November 2015).
7729:Richman, Sheldon (18 December 2009).
7566:. Washington, DC: Objectivist Center.
7399:from the original on 24 November 2016
7255:from the original on 22 November 2018
7072:
6927:
6909:from the original on 7 September 2019
6782:Chow, Gregory C. (24–25 March 2004).
6700:
6641:
6639:
6491:
6377:
6327:"Yugoslavia: Prospects for Stability"
6267:from the original on October 14, 2018
6250:
6248:
6217:
6215:
5875:
5822:
5559:from the original on 1 September 2011
5533:
5401:(1909). Ashley, William James (ed.).
5282:"John Stuart Mill: Political Economy"
4472:Carson–Long-style left-libertarianism
4199:", contained in his first major work
4053:models practiced in the contemporary
3574:Beginning in the early 20th century,
3569:
2696:had during an earlier period, Mill's
1318:International socialist organizations
266:To each according to his contribution
8572:
8395:
8332:Gillis, William (29 November 2015).
8271:Byas, Jason Lee (25 November 2015).
8270:
8055:An Egalitarian-Libertarian Manifesto
8003:
7755:Richman, Sheldon (3 February 2011).
7645:Spangler, Brad (15 September 2006).
7576:
7558:
7459:
7417:
7277:
6781:
6751:
6736:
6691:
6645:
6196:from the original on 28 January 2022
5823:Caffé, F. (1987). "Barone, Enrico".
5761:
5508:
5397:
5374:
5314:
5236:
5187:from the original on 8 February 2024
5162:
5132:
4415:, who stress the value of radically
4243:society where each person possess a
2617:, the classical liberal philosopher
10753:
8578:The Economics of Feasible Socialism
7870:. Brooklyn, NY: Minor Compositions/
7844:. Brooklyn, NY: Minor Compositions/
7797:Pennsylvania State University Press
7710:from the original on 3 January 2020
7007:
6928:Vuong, Quan-Hoang (February 2010).
6703:"Market Economy and Socialist Road"
6668:10.13169/worlrevipoliecon.12.3.0296
6287:The Economics of Feasible Socialism
6255:Bruenig, Matt (February 11, 2017).
6222:Bruenig, Matt (28 September 2018).
6142:from the original on 17 August 2021
6129:
5296:from the original on 6 January 2010
5286:Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
5139:Institute for New Economic Thinking
4478:and in the work of figures such as
3939:
3487:. Josiah Warren termed the phrase "
2651:
2450:signals to guide the allocation of
13:
8507:
8314:from the original on 28 March 2019
8283:from the original on 28 March 2019
8174:The Encyclopedia of Libertarianism
7987:The origins of Left Libertarianism
7329:
7111:
6995:Anarchism: From Theory to Practice
6921:
6826:from the original on 11 April 2019
6760:from the original on 10 April 2019
6636:
6245:
6212:
5853:
5804:from the original on 28 March 2019
5800:. Center for a Stateless Society.
5677:
5547:"What do anarchists want from us?"
5545:Palmer, Brian (29 December 2010).
5477:
5441:from the original on 27 March 2019
4785:O'Hara, Phillip (September 2000).
4468:The Origins of Left-Libertarianism
4344:, American individualist anarchist
3594:and social control of investment.
2633:by removing distortions caused by
2430:and sometimes a mix that includes
14:
10897:
8646:
8302:Carson, Kevin (8 November 2015).
7896:(1 ed.). Minor Compositions.
7702:Richman, Sheldon (16 July 2006).
7582:"An Interview With Roderick Long"
7372:from the original on 12 June 2018
7226:from the original on 1 March 2021
7032:from the original on 17 June 2019
7012:Realism and Nationalism 1852-1871
6997:. New York: Monthly Review Press.
6897:"China grows faster amid worries"
6715:from the original on 10 July 2012
6655:World Review of Political Economy
6561:Revolutionary Committees Movement
6463:Drucker, Peter Ferdinand (1976).
5979:. M.E. Sharpe. pp. 414–415.
5729:(1 ed.). Minor Compositions.
5429:Carson, Kevin (19 January 2006).
5218:from the original on 6 March 2019
4821:Ethics, Efficiency and the Market
4787:Encyclopedia of Political Economy
4714:Socialist-oriented market economy
4492:American individualist anarchists
4399:associated with scholars such as
4051:socialist-oriented market economy
3991:commanding heights of the economy
3962:), Czechoslovakia (sloganized as
3910:Government Pension Fund of Norway
3850:commanding heights of the economy
3842:socialist-oriented market economy
2369:Business and economics portal
10828:
10816:
10789:
10777:
10765:
10752:
10741:
10740:
8652:
8474:
8128:10.1111/j.1088-4963.2005.00030.x
7997:
7971:
7958:
7900:
7878:
7852:
7815:Economic Justice and Natural Law
7803:
7781:
7722:
7695:
6444:from the original on 8 July 2020
6407:Luong Minh Cu (13 August 2019).
6325:Gagnon, V.P. Jr. (Summer 1991).
6103:Journal of Economic Perspectives
5465:The Ghost of Anarcho-Syndicalism
5163:Hunt, E. K. (20 November 2002).
3935:Relation to political ideologies
3355:
3343:
3331:
3319:
2756:
2547:Hungary's New Economic Mechanism
2362:
1516:
1504:
1487:
58:
10596:
10117:
9773:
9734:
9710:
9418:Dictatorship of the proletariat
8463:from the original on 2013-09-11
8423:from the original on 2014-07-08
8273:"The Moral Irrelevance of Rent"
8222:from the original on 2023-01-09
8017:from the original on 2022-06-07
7657:
7638:
7627:from the original on 2022-06-26
7599:
7588:from the original on 2020-03-27
7570:
7552:
7534:
7516:
7494:
7453:
7411:
7391:Armand, Émile (16 April 2020).
7358:
7343:from the original on 2012-05-03
7323:
7302:
7238:
7203:
7167:
7134:
7123:from the original on 2020-12-04
7105:
7083:
7066:
7044:
7018:
7001:
6983:
6950:
6889:
6864:
6838:
6806:
6612:
6588:Iveković, Ivan (3 April 2009).
6581:
6546:
6514:
6485:
6456:
6426:
6400:
6371:
6359:from the original on 2021-08-24
6292:
6279:
6234:from the original on 2023-08-11
6176:
6154:
6123:
6090:
6057:
6025:
5993:
5966:
5939:
5928:from the original on 2024-02-08
5897:
5869:
5847:
5816:
5784:
5773:from the original on 2019-09-29
5755:
5733:
5711:
5689:
5641:Journal of the History of Ideas
5631:
5611:
5502:
5491:from the original on 2021-06-29
5471:
5453:
5422:
5411:from the original on 2016-03-07
5391:
5368:
5343:
5330:from the original on 7 May 2019
5324:Principles of Political Economy
5244:Utilitarianism and other essays
5230:
5199:
5156:
5145:from the original on 2023-08-21
5126:
5100:Roemer, John (1 January 1994).
5093:
5064:
5032:
4946:from the original on 2020-11-28
3711:In the early 21st century, the
3483:and joined Owen's community at
2719:Principles of Political Economy
2673:Principles of Political Economy
2667:Principles of Political Economy
9661:Organizational self-management
8526:; Johnson, Charles W. (2011).
8450:Journal of Libertarian Studies
8409:Journal of Libertarian Studies
8308:Center for a Stateless Society
8277:Center for a Stateless Society
8246:Center for a Stateless Society
5907:Economic Justice and Democracy
5881:Collectivist Economic Planning
5206:Carson, Kevin (16 July 2006).
4965:Roosevelt III, Franklin Delano
4957:
4919:
4897:10.1080/08911916.2004.11042930
4842:
4811:
4778:
4759:
4737:
4387:is a market socialist form of
4349:French individualist anarchist
4288:started calling possession as
4213:with the provocatively titled
3889:shared many similarities with
3792:
3777:and generally of neoclassical
2621:and the anarchist philosopher
2615:Ricardian socialist economists
1:
9641:Free association of producers
9398:Critique of political economy
8694:
8560:(1996). Wright, E. O. (ed.).
8115:Philosophy and Public Affairs
7670:The New Libertarian Manifesto
6596:(in Croatian). Archived from
5208:"J.S. Mill, Market Socialist"
4932:. Stanford University Press.
4730:
4157:was the primary proponent of
4059:Socialist Republic of Vietnam
2264:Commons-based peer production
1984:Socialism of the 21st century
151:Critique of political economy
10856:Comparative economic systems
10728:Socialist calculation debate
10703:Economic calculation problem
9681:Socialist mode of production
7548:. Charleston, SC: BookSurge.
7530:. Charleston, SC: BookSurge.
7471:(in Spanish). Archived from
7429:(in Spanish). Archived from
7093:(1927). Cohen, Henry (ed.).
5948:The American Economic Review
5071:Stiglitz, Joseph E. (1996).
4552:
4131:
4064:The Chinese experience with
3815:market allocation of capital
3576:neoclassical economic theory
3561:mural reading "Free market,
3400:
2610:of the means of production.
2531:calculation in natural units
2487:socialist calculation debate
1421:Socialist calculation debate
1391:List of socialist economists
1366:Economic calculation problem
251:Socialist mode of production
108:Socialist calculation debate
7:
10796:Organized Labour portal
9535:Socialisation of production
8533:Bertell Ollman ed. (1998).
8518:Review of Political Economy
8513:Alejandro Agafonow (2012).
8164:; Trenchard, David (2008).
6257:"Nickel-and-Dime Socialism"
6138:. Vol. 5, no. 1.
6039:. Open Court. p. 151.
5011:. Open Court. p. 177.
4592:
4529:is enough to generate full
4233:anarchist school of thought
4146:Mutualism (economic theory)
3964:socialism with a human face
3952:Soviet-type planned economy
3879:Libya under Muammar Gaddafi
3807:socially-owned cooperatives
3046:Philosophies and tendencies
2511:full product of their labor
30:Mutualism (economic theory)
10:
10902:
10042:Mikhail Saltykov-Shchedrin
9867:Victor Prosper Considerant
8544:O'Donnell, Steven (2003).
8190:10.4135/9781412965811.n174
8077:The Murray Bookchin Reader
8044:egalitarian-libertarianism
7955:. Cp. Tucker, "Socialism."
7892:, eds. (5 November 2011).
7819:Cambridge University Press
7368:. Spaz.org. 1 March 2002.
7278:Schuster, Eunice Minette.
7014:. Read Books. p. 118.
6384:Cambridge University Press
6070:Cambridge University Press
5725:, eds. (5 November 2011).
5509:Schuster, Eunice Minette.
5381:Cambridge University Press
5280:Wilson, Fred, ed. (2007).
4818:Buchanan, Alan E. (1985).
4674:Public–private partnership
4537:manner, either unowned or
4474:is rooted in 19th-century
4435:ideas of free markets and
4385:Left-wing market anarchism
4308:The Peaceful Revolutionist
4161:and influenced many later
4135:
4117:
4055:People's Republic of China
4031:People's Republic of China
4014:
3943:
3887:Third International Theory
3779:general equilibrium theory
3769:Anti-equilibrium economics
3540:Left-wing market anarchism
3474:The Peaceful Revolutionist
3222:Spanish Revolution of 1936
2422:within the framework of a
27:
20:
10736:
10685:
10662:
10594:
10115:
9907:William Batchelder Greene
9842:Francisco Largo Caballero
9771:
9732:
9708:
9699:
9578:
9368:
9240:
9195:
9022:
8858:
8717:
8704:
8629:Stanford University Press
8621:Bockman, Johanna (2011).
8550:Auckland University Press
8441:Verhaegh, Marcus (2006).
7906:Gary Chartier has joined
7762:The American Conservative
7665:Konkin III, Samuel Edward
6795:. Beijing. Archived from
5859:Giornale degli Economisti
4926:Bockman, Johanna (2011).
4216:The Poverty of Philosophy
4210:The Philosophy of Poverty
4187:French Revolution of 1848
3479:Warren was a follower of
3338:Libertarianism portal
2803:Revolutionary spontaneity
2671:the third edition of the
2559:economic reforms of China
1758:Socialist-oriented market
1416:Socialism and LGBT rights
360:Socialist-oriented market
308:Socialist planned economy
211:Material balance planning
10052:Friedrich Wilhelm Schulz
9545:Socialist market economy
8614:Rowman & Littlefield
8304:"Are We All Mutualists?"
8040:left-wing libertarianism
7789:Sciabarra, Chris Matthew
7461:Igualada, Miguel Giménez
7419:Igualada, Miguel Giménez
7141:Crowder, George (1991).
6932:. SaarbrĂĽcken, Germany:
6413:National Defence Journal
6167:Harvard University Press
6161:Corneo, Giacomo (2017).
6136:New Renaissance Magazine
5583:Bailie, William (1906).
5106:Harvard University Press
4967:; Belkin, David (1994).
4772:Harvard University Press
4766:Corneo, Giacomo (2017).
4684:Employee stock ownership
4585:is defined as an end to
4455:positions in economics;
4405:Samuel Edward Konkin III
4039:socialist market economy
4021:Socialist market economy
3966:), Yugoslavia (known as
3929:socialist market economy
3891:Yugoslav self-management
3811:workers' self-management
3729:employee-owned companies
3680:workers' self-management
3532:individualist anarchists
3205:Revolutions of 1917–1923
3168:Libertarian municipalism
3158:Democratic confederalism
3122:Chaulieu–Montal tendency
2871:Workers' self-management
355:Socialist market economy
280:Workers' self-management
246:Socialism in one country
93:Age of the Enlightenment
34:Socialist market economy
21:Not to be confused with
9763:Étienne-Gabriel Morelly
9753:Gabriel Bonnot de Mably
9433:Equality of opportunity
9388:Criticism of capitalism
9137:Marxism–Leninism–Maoism
8894:Left-wing laissez-faire
8481:McNally, David (1993).
8053:Sundstrom, William A. "
7795:. University Park, PA:
7704:"Why Left-Libertarian?"
7091:Proudhon, Pierre-Joseph
6498:Oxford University Press
6064:Aslund, Anders (1992).
6009:Oxford University Press
5976:Making Modern Economics
5515:againstallauthority.org
5039:McNally, David (1993).
4877:Marangos, John (2004).
4826:Oxford University Press
4409:Chris Matthew Sciabarra
4389:individualist anarchism
4365:Miguel Giménez Igualada
4312:Individualist Anarchism
4173:The French philosopher
4163:individualist anarchist
4142:Individualist anarchism
4027:Marxist–Leninist states
3489:cost the limit of price
3442:individualist anarchist
3081:Individualist anarchism
2851:Participatory economics
2711:Principles of Economics
2428:cooperative enterprises
1356:Criticism of capitalism
367:Participatory economics
201:Labour-time calculation
10871:Neoclassical economics
10866:Libertarianism by form
10835:Business and economics
10421:José Carlos Mariátegui
10366:E. M. S. Namboodiripad
10351:Martin Luther King Jr.
10032:Luis Emilio Recabarren
10027:Pierre-Joseph Proudhon
9962:Alexandre Ledru-Rollin
9651:Labor-time calculation
9616:Decentralized planning
9520:Proletarian revolution
9475:State-owned enterprise
9393:Criticism of socialism
7842:Markets Not Capitalism
6793:Asian Development Bank
5973:Skousen, Mark (2001).
5904:Hahnel, Robin (2005).
5102:A Future for Socialism
4699:New Economic Mechanism
4659:Neoclassical economics
4345:
4175:Pierre-Joseph Proudhon
4170:
4155:Pierre-Joseph Proudhon
3751:sovereign wealth funds
3667:
3566:
3550:Neoclassical economics
3542:is a modern branch of
3514:The Science of Society
3406:Pierre-Joseph Proudhon
2836:Decentralized planning
2831:Co-operative economics
2735:
2623:Pierre-Joseph Proudhon
1361:Criticism of socialism
313:Decentralized planning
216:Peer‑to‑peer economics
10881:Socialist calculation
10759:Socialism WikiProject
10521:LĂ©opold SĂ©dar Senghor
10226:Cornelius Castoriadis
10092:Alfred Russel Wallace
9857:Nikolay Chernyshevsky
9822:Louis Auguste Blanqui
9782:Stephen Pearl Andrews
9611:Cooperative ownership
9132:Maoism–Third Worldism
8176:. Thousand Oaks, CA:
8166:"Left Libertarianism"
8048:libertarian socialism
7054:(1987). "Mutualism".
6438:VietNam Breaking News
6378:Golan, Galia (1971).
4970:Why Market Socialism?
4704:Social market economy
4484:French Liberal School
4397:libertarian socialism
4340:
4320:Stephen Pearl Andrews
4253:labor theory of value
4235:and market socialist
4153:
4138:Free-market anarchism
4126:participatory economy
3925:reform and opening-up
3908:) and in Norway (the
3906:Alaska Permanent Fund
3662:
3609:(c. 1936). Lange and
3559:Libertarian socialist
3557:
3544:free-market anarchism
3510:Stephen Pearl Andrews
3493:Cincinnati Time Store
3462:Stephen Pearl Andrews
2788:Egalitarian community
2773:Anti-authoritarianism
2750:Libertarian socialism
2730:
2717:In later editions of
2551:economy of Yugoslavia
23:Social market economy
10784:Communism portal
10772:Socialism portal
10723:Socialism by country
10331:Pablo Iglesias Posse
10037:Henri de Saint-Simon
9992:Nikolay Mikhaylovsky
9646:Industrial democracy
9453:History of socialism
9448:History of communism
9443:History of anarchism
8661:at Wikimedia Commons
8612:. Lanham, Maryland:
8353:Bylund, Per (2005).
7467:[Anarchism]
7425:[Anarchism]
7175:Hargreaves, David H.
7113:Swartz, Clarence Lee
7060:Blackwell Publishing
6965:, inc. p. 448.
6033:Steele, David Ramsay
5883:. pp. 245–290.
5005:Steele, David Ramsay
4828:. pp. 104–105.
4750:Taylor & Francis
4558:Market abolitionists
4494:Benjamin Tucker and
4120:Democratic socialism
4114:Democratic socialism
3693:(by the philosopher
3644:capital accumulation
3636:The Economic Journal
3631:The Economic Journal
3615:free price mechanism
3582:in order to achieve
3485:New Harmony, Indiana
3350:Socialism portal
3326:Anarchism portal
3294:Democratic socialism
3232:New social movements
2846:Industrial democracy
2596:anarchist economists
2592:Ricardian socialists
2527:socialist economists
2294:Newly industrialized
2037:Collective ownership
1898:Vertical archipelago
1511:Communism portal
1494:Socialism portal
186:Industrial democracy
136:Collective ownership
10861:Economic ideologies
10526:George Bernard Shaw
10441:François Mitterrand
10356:Alexandra Kollontai
10336:Jayaprakash Narayan
10017:Constantin Pecqueur
9837:Philippe Buonarroti
9792:John Goodwyn Barmby
9691:Workplace democracy
9601:Calculation in kind
9591:Anarchist economics
9540:Socialist economics
9438:Equality of outcome
9378:Anarchist economics
9090:Ho Chi Minh Thought
9007:Orthodox Trotskyism
8963:Libertarian Marxism
8958:Left-libertarianism
8184:. pp. 288–89.
7890:Johnson, Charles W.
7864:Johnson, Charles W.
7838:Johnson, Charles W.
7607:Johnson, Charles W.
7506:Johnson, Charles W.
7290:on 14 February 2016
7076:Voluntary Socialism
6752:Karadjis, Michael.
6306:on 20 November 2008
6192:. 8 December 2018.
6116:10.1257/jep.6.3.101
5723:Johnson, Charles W.
5521:on 14 February 2016
5290:Stanford University
4774:. pp. 192–197.
4724:Types of capitalism
4679:Socialist economics
4664:Keynesian economics
4579:means of production
4488:Gustave de Molinari
4407:, Sheldon Richman,
4393:left-libertarianism
4245:means of production
4091:indicative planning
4083:industrial policies
3956:New Economic Policy
3917:Cultural Revolution
3508:. Warren said that
3362:Politics portal
3098:Anarcho-syndicalism
2861:Socialist economics
2726:worker cooperatives
2658:economic philosophy
2588:modes of production
2578:Classical economics
2573:Theoretical history
2567:New Economic Policy
2503:classical economics
2495:Ricardian socialist
2491:pre-Marx socialists
2460:worker cooperatives
2440:socialist economies
2436:private enterprises
2420:means of production
2279:Inclusive Democracy
1396:Market abolitionism
1381:Left-libertarianism
318:Inclusive Democracy
285:Workplace democracy
131:Calculation in kind
113:Socialist economics
103:Revolutions of 1848
10886:Left-wing politics
10708:Marxist philosophy
10625:Kemal Kılıçdaroğlu
10451:Gamal Abdel Nasser
10406:Alasdair MacIntyre
10181:Simone de Beauvoir
9952:Ferdinand Lassalle
9719:Tommaso Campanella
9666:Production for use
9626:Economic democracy
9495:Mode of production
9485:Left-wing politics
9464:The Internationale
9152:Xi Jinping Thought
8606:Schweickart, David
8520:, Vol. 24, No. 02.
8364:LUP Student Papers
8339:2020-03-27 at the
8137:on 3 November 2012
8060:2013-10-29 at the
7991:Palgrave Macmillan
7951:2019-03-28 at the
7938:2019-09-29 at the
7478:on 31 January 2017
7436:on 31 January 2017
7336:Individual Liberty
7319:on 7 January 2012.
7185:. pp. 90–91.
7149:. pp. 85–86.
7009:Binkley, Robert C.
6600:on 1 February 2014
6052:non-market system.
6035:(September 1999).
5831:Palgrave Macmillan
5627:Equitable Commerce
5599:on 4 February 2012
5073:Whither Socialism?
5007:(September 1999).
4632:Worker cooperative
4539:owned collectively
4523:mixing one's labor
4519:right-libertarians
4508:individual freedom
4346:
4266:artificial markets
4197:Property is theft!
4171:
4070:commanding heights
3972:Economy of Belarus
3873:under the rule of
3691:economic democracy
3668:
3622:Lange–Lerner model
3570:Early 20th century
3567:
3237:Zapatista uprising
2866:Worker cooperative
2841:Economic democracy
2767:Political concepts
2598:, who advocated a
2479:economic stability
2217:Material balancing
1699:Buddhist economics
1401:Marxist philosophy
221:Production for use
191:Input–output model
156:Economic democracy
10804:
10803:
10677:Socialist parties
10658:
10657:
10561:Ram Manohar Lohia
10501:Gaetano Salvemini
10296:Mikhail Gorbachev
10007:Antonie Pannekoek
9636:Equal opportunity
9631:Economic planning
9364:
9363:
9253:African-Caribbean
9241:Regional variants
8973:Council communism
8841:Saint-Simonianism
8657:Media related to
8638:978-0-8047-7566-3
8496:978-0-86091-606-2
8397:Long, Roderick T.
8252:on 10 August 2018
8199:978-1-4129-6580-4
8005:Long, Roderick T.
7979:Vallentyne, Peter
7942:; Gary Chartier,
7848:. pp. 19–20.
7611:Long, Roderick T.
7578:Long, Roderick T.
7560:Long, Roderick T.
7028:. Mutualist.org.
6963:SAGE Publications
6943:978-3-639-23383-4
6701:Zhongqiao, Duan.
6530:. 27 March 2011.
6440:. 10 March 2020.
6285:Nove, A. (1983),
6165:. Cambridge, MA:
6130:Perkins, Albert.
6018:978-0-19-828776-6
5986:978-0-7656-0479-8
5921:978-0-415-93344-5
5890:978-0-7100-1506-8
5840:978-1-56159-197-8
5743:(13 April 2010).
5683:Instead of a Book
5399:Mill, John Stuart
5361:978-1-57766-381-2
5316:Mill, John Stuart
5263:978-0-14-043272-5
5238:Mill, John Stuart
5180:978-0-7656-0609-9
5075:. Cambridge, MA:
5054:978-0-86091-606-2
4984:978-1-56324-465-0
4975:M.E. Sharpe, Inc.
4939:978-0-8047-7566-3
4835:978-0-8476-7396-4
4770:. Cambridge, MA:
4689:Liberal socialism
4575:private ownership
4527:natural resources
4486:thinkers such as
4449:anti-hierarchical
4433:classical liberal
4324:William B. Greene
4278:personal property
4239:that advocates a
4201:What Is Property?
4183:French Parliament
4035:free price system
3984:Mikhail Gorbachev
3960:goulash communism
3713:Marxian economist
3695:David Schweickart
3584:Pareto efficiency
3500:. These included
3466:William B. Greene
3398:
3397:
3249:Rojava Revolution
3185:
3184:
3173:Utopian socialism
3132:Council communism
2702:Oxford University
2693:Wealth of Nations
2631:free price system
2586:present in other
2448:supply and demand
2444:economic planning
2405:
2404:
1915:By regional model
1709:Sabbath economics
1559:
1558:
1351:Communist society
1323:Socialist parties
582:Saint-Simonianism
171:Equal opportunity
161:Economic planning
98:French Revolution
10893:
10851:Market socialism
10833:
10832:
10821:
10820:
10812:
10794:
10793:
10782:
10781:
10780:
10770:
10769:
10756:
10755:
10744:
10743:
10645:Yanis Varoufakis
10598:
10511:Jean-Paul Sartre
10496:Bertrand Russell
10471:Sylvia Pankhurst
10456:Jawaharlal Nehru
10326:Dolores Ibárruri
10291:Einar Gerhardsen
10271:Alexander DubÄŤek
10221:Nikolai Bukharin
10131:Salvador Allende
10119:
10102:Wilhelm Weitling
10087:Suzanne Voilquin
10072:William Thompson
10062:Lysander Spooner
10022:Georgi Plekhanov
10012:Giovanni Pascoli
9977:Errico Malatesta
9972:Helen Macfarlane
9917:Alexander Herzen
9892:Friedrich Engels
9887:Prosper Enfantin
9882:W. E. B. Du Bois
9852:Edward Carpenter
9812:Eduard Bernstein
9775:
9758:Sylvain Maréchal
9736:
9712:
9706:
9705:
9671:Public ownership
9621:Direct democracy
9606:Common ownership
9570:Workers' council
9555:State capitalism
9470:Internationalism
9403:Critique of work
9383:Anti-revisionism
9065:Marxism–Leninism
8899:Left-wing market
8856:
8855:
8816:Social democracy
8699:
8689:
8682:
8675:
8666:
8665:
8659:Market socialism
8656:
8642:
8617:
8610:After Capitalism
8601:
8585:
8569:
8553:
8501:
8500:
8478:
8472:
8471:
8469:
8468:
8462:
8447:
8438:
8432:
8431:
8429:
8428:
8422:
8405:
8393:
8387:
8386:
8384:
8382:
8376:
8361:
8350:
8344:
8330:
8324:
8323:
8321:
8319:
8299:
8293:
8292:
8290:
8288:
8268:
8262:
8261:
8259:
8257:
8248:. Archived from
8237:
8231:
8230:
8228:
8227:
8158:
8147:
8146:
8144:
8142:
8136:
8130:. Archived from
8111:
8102:
8096:
8084:
8069:Bookchin, Murray
8032:
8026:
8025:
8023:
8022:
8001:
7995:
7994:
7975:
7969:
7962:
7956:
7904:
7898:
7897:
7882:
7876:
7875:
7874:. pp. 1–16.
7856:
7850:
7849:
7829:
7823:
7822:
7807:
7801:
7800:
7785:
7779:
7778:
7776:
7774:
7765:. Archived from
7752:
7743:
7742:
7741:on 22 July 2014.
7737:. Archived from
7726:
7720:
7719:
7717:
7715:
7699:
7693:
7692:
7690:
7688:
7682:
7676:. Archived from
7675:
7661:
7655:
7654:
7649:. Archived from
7642:
7636:
7635:
7633:
7632:
7603:
7597:
7596:
7594:
7593:
7574:
7568:
7567:
7556:
7550:
7549:
7542:Carson, Kevin A.
7538:
7532:
7531:
7524:Carson, Kevin A.
7520:
7514:
7513:
7498:
7492:
7491:
7485:
7483:
7477:
7470:
7457:
7451:
7450:
7443:
7441:
7435:
7428:
7415:
7409:
7408:
7406:
7404:
7388:
7382:
7381:
7379:
7377:
7362:
7356:
7355:
7349:
7348:
7331:Tucker, Benjamin
7327:
7321:
7320:
7315:. Archived from
7312:An Anarchist FAQ
7306:
7300:
7299:
7297:
7295:
7275:
7269:
7268:
7262:
7260:
7248:An Anarchist FAQ
7242:
7236:
7235:
7233:
7231:
7225:
7218:
7213:An Anarchist FAQ
7207:
7201:
7200:
7171:
7165:
7164:
7138:
7132:
7131:
7129:
7128:
7109:
7103:
7102:
7087:
7081:
7080:
7070:
7064:
7063:
7048:
7042:
7041:
7039:
7037:
7022:
7016:
7015:
7005:
6999:
6998:
6987:
6981:
6980:
6954:
6948:
6947:
6925:
6919:
6918:
6916:
6914:
6905:. 16 July 2009.
6893:
6887:
6886:
6885:on 20 July 2011.
6884:
6878:. Archived from
6877:
6868:
6862:
6861:
6859:
6857:
6848:. Archived from
6842:
6836:
6835:
6833:
6831:
6810:
6804:
6803:
6801:
6790:
6779:
6770:
6769:
6767:
6765:
6749:
6743:
6742:
6734:
6725:
6724:
6722:
6720:
6714:
6707:
6698:
6689:
6688:
6670:
6643:
6634:
6633:
6631:
6630:
6616:
6610:
6609:
6607:
6605:
6585:
6579:
6578:
6576:
6575:
6569:
6563:. Archived from
6558:
6550:
6544:
6543:
6541:
6539:
6518:
6512:
6511:
6489:
6483:
6482:
6460:
6454:
6453:
6451:
6449:
6430:
6424:
6423:
6421:
6419:
6404:
6398:
6397:
6375:
6369:
6368:
6366:
6364:
6345:10.2307/20044816
6322:
6316:
6315:
6313:
6311:
6302:. Archived from
6296:
6290:
6283:
6277:
6276:
6274:
6272:
6252:
6243:
6242:
6240:
6239:
6219:
6210:
6209:
6203:
6201:
6180:
6174:
6173:
6158:
6152:
6151:
6149:
6147:
6127:
6121:
6120:
6118:
6094:
6088:
6087:
6061:
6055:
6054:
6029:
6023:
6022:
5997:
5991:
5990:
5970:
5964:
5963:
5943:
5937:
5936:
5934:
5933:
5901:
5895:
5894:
5877:Hayek, Friedrich
5873:
5867:
5866:
5851:
5845:
5844:
5820:
5814:
5813:
5811:
5809:
5788:
5782:
5781:
5779:
5778:
5759:
5753:
5752:
5737:
5731:
5730:
5715:
5709:
5708:
5707:. pp. 1–19.
5697:Tucker, Benjamin
5693:
5687:
5686:
5679:Tucker, Benjamin
5675:
5666:
5665:
5635:
5629:
5615:
5609:
5608:
5606:
5604:
5598:
5591:
5580:
5569:
5568:
5566:
5564:
5542:
5531:
5530:
5528:
5526:
5517:. Archived from
5506:
5500:
5499:
5497:
5496:
5475:
5469:
5468:
5461:Bookchin, Murray
5457:
5451:
5450:
5448:
5446:
5426:
5420:
5419:
5417:
5416:
5395:
5389:
5388:
5372:
5366:
5365:
5347:
5341:
5339:
5337:
5335:
5312:
5306:
5305:
5303:
5301:
5277:
5268:
5267:
5247:
5234:
5228:
5227:
5225:
5223:
5203:
5197:
5196:
5194:
5192:
5160:
5154:
5153:
5151:
5150:
5133:Ackerman, Seth.
5130:
5124:
5123:
5097:
5091:
5090:
5068:
5062:
5061:
5036:
5030:
5029:
5025:marktsozialismus
5001:
4992:
4991:
4961:
4955:
4954:
4952:
4951:
4923:
4917:
4916:
4874:
4868:
4867:
4846:
4840:
4839:
4815:
4809:
4808:
4782:
4776:
4775:
4763:
4757:
4756:
4741:
4709:Social ownership
4615:Co-determination
4605:Crony capitalism
4547:global community
4531:private property
4496:Lysander Spooner
4457:anti-imperialism
4445:anti-corporatist
4370:State capitalism
4294:private property
4282:private property
4167:social anarchist
4108:satellite states
4103:Marxist–Leninist
4044:state capitalism
3996:entrepreneurship
3946:Marxism–Leninism
3940:Marxism–Leninism
3860:William H. Simon
3823:Alexander DubÄŤek
3775:central planning
3755:Yanis Varoufakis
3716:Richard D. Wolff
3664:Richard D. Wolff
3390:
3383:
3376:
3360:
3359:
3348:
3347:
3336:
3335:
3334:
3324:
3323:
3322:
3284:Social democracy
3150:Other tendencies
3064:Social anarchism
3050:
3049:
2808:Workers' control
2793:Free association
2783:Decentralization
2760:
2737:
2736:
2677:unearned incomes
2652:John Stuart Mill
2639:private property
2627:market mechanism
2619:John Stuart Mill
2608:mutual ownership
2604:public ownership
2515:private property
2493:, including the
2416:social ownership
2408:Market socialism
2397:
2390:
2383:
2367:
2366:
2125:Municipalization
2110:Financialization
2080:Collectivization
2062:Social ownership
2052:Private property
2046:Common ownership
2004:Common ownership
1818:Closed (autarky)
1775:State capitalism
1753:Socialist market
1738:Market socialist
1574:Economic systems
1561:
1560:
1551:
1544:
1537:
1523:Organized Labour
1521:
1520:
1509:
1508:
1507:
1492:
1491:
1436:Workers' council
1073:Gracchi Brothers
597:Social democracy
340:Market socialism
328:Project Cybersyn
256:Soviet democracy
241:Social ownership
196:Internationalism
176:Free association
146:Common ownership
62:
39:
38:
10901:
10900:
10896:
10895:
10894:
10892:
10891:
10890:
10841:
10840:
10839:
10827:
10815:
10807:
10805:
10800:
10788:
10778:
10776:
10764:
10732:
10681:
10654:
10590:
10516:Arthur Scargill
10486:Pierre Renaudel
10306:Antonio Gramsci
10286:Muammar Gaddafi
10281:Faiz Ahmad Faiz
10276:Albert Einstein
10216:Aristide Briand
10206:Murray Bookchin
10201:Grace Lee Boggs
10186:Walter Benjamin
10156:Chiang Kai-shek
10136:InejirĹŤ Asanuma
10111:
10082:Benjamin Tucker
9942:Peter Kropotkin
9922:Thomas Hodgskin
9897:Charles Fourier
9877:Théodore Dézamy
9827:Philippe Buchez
9787:Mikhail Bakunin
9767:
9743:Gracchus Babeuf
9728:
9695:
9676:Social dividend
9574:
9550:Socialist state
9515:Post-capitalism
9510:Planned economy
9505:Nationalization
9370:
9360:
9236:
9191:
9026:
9018:
8916:Insurrectionary
8862:
8854:
8720:
8713:
8700:
8695:
8693:
8649:
8639:
8598:Clarendon Press
8558:Roemer, John E.
8510:
8508:Further reading
8505:
8504:
8497:
8479:
8475:
8466:
8464:
8460:
8445:
8439:
8435:
8426:
8424:
8420:
8403:
8394:
8390:
8380:
8378:
8374:
8368:Lund University
8359:
8351:
8347:
8341:Wayback Machine
8331:
8327:
8317:
8315:
8300:
8296:
8286:
8284:
8269:
8265:
8255:
8253:
8238:
8234:
8225:
8223:
8200:
8159:
8150:
8140:
8138:
8134:
8109:
8103:
8099:
8093:. 62:3. p. 612.
8062:Wayback Machine
8033:
8029:
8020:
8018:
8002:
7998:
7983:Steiner, Hillel
7976:
7972:
7963:
7959:
7953:Wayback Machine
7940:Wayback Machine
7920:Thomas Hodgskin
7916:Benjamin Tucker
7912:Charles Johnson
7905:
7901:
7883:
7879:
7857:
7853:
7830:
7826:
7808:
7804:
7786:
7782:
7772:
7770:
7769:on 10 June 2019
7753:
7746:
7727:
7723:
7713:
7711:
7700:
7696:
7686:
7684:
7680:
7673:
7662:
7658:
7653:on 10 May 2011.
7643:
7639:
7630:
7628:
7604:
7600:
7591:
7589:
7575:
7571:
7557:
7553:
7539:
7535:
7521:
7517:
7499:
7495:
7481:
7479:
7475:
7468:
7458:
7454:
7439:
7437:
7433:
7426:
7416:
7412:
7402:
7400:
7389:
7385:
7375:
7373:
7364:
7363:
7359:
7346:
7344:
7328:
7324:
7307:
7303:
7293:
7291:
7276:
7272:
7258:
7256:
7243:
7239:
7229:
7227:
7223:
7216:
7208:
7204:
7193:
7172:
7168:
7157:
7147:Clarendon Press
7139:
7135:
7126:
7124:
7110:
7106:
7088:
7084:
7071:
7067:
7049:
7045:
7035:
7033:
7024:
7023:
7019:
7006:
7002:
6988:
6984:
6973:
6955:
6951:
6944:
6926:
6922:
6912:
6910:
6895:
6894:
6890:
6882:
6875:
6869:
6865:
6855:
6853:
6852:on 11 July 2011
6844:
6843:
6839:
6829:
6827:
6822:. 8 July 2008.
6812:
6811:
6807:
6802:on 26 May 2004.
6799:
6788:
6780:
6773:
6763:
6761:
6750:
6746:
6735:
6728:
6718:
6716:
6712:
6705:
6699:
6692:
6644:
6637:
6628:
6626:
6618:
6617:
6613:
6603:
6601:
6586:
6582:
6573:
6571:
6567:
6556:
6552:
6551:
6547:
6537:
6535:
6520:
6519:
6515:
6508:
6500:. p. 167.
6490:
6486:
6479:
6461:
6457:
6447:
6445:
6432:
6431:
6427:
6417:
6415:
6405:
6401:
6394:
6376:
6372:
6362:
6360:
6332:Foreign Affairs
6323:
6319:
6309:
6307:
6298:
6297:
6293:
6284:
6280:
6270:
6268:
6253:
6246:
6237:
6235:
6220:
6213:
6199:
6197:
6182:
6181:
6177:
6159:
6155:
6145:
6143:
6128:
6124:
6095:
6091:
6080:
6062:
6058:
6047:
6030:
6026:
6019:
6011:. p. 476.
5998:
5994:
5987:
5971:
5967:
5944:
5940:
5931:
5929:
5922:
5914:. p. 170.
5902:
5898:
5891:
5874:
5870:
5852:
5848:
5841:
5833:. p. 195.
5829:. Vol. 1.
5821:
5817:
5807:
5805:
5789:
5785:
5776:
5774:
5760:
5756:
5738:
5734:
5716:
5712:
5694:
5690:
5676:
5669:
5654:10.2307/2707055
5636:
5632:
5617:"A watch has a
5616:
5612:
5602:
5600:
5596:
5589:
5581:
5572:
5562:
5560:
5543:
5534:
5524:
5522:
5507:
5503:
5494:
5492:
5476:
5472:
5458:
5454:
5444:
5442:
5427:
5423:
5414:
5412:
5396:
5392:
5373:
5369:
5362:
5348:
5344:
5333:
5331:
5313:
5309:
5299:
5297:
5278:
5271:
5264:
5235:
5231:
5221:
5219:
5204:
5200:
5190:
5188:
5181:
5161:
5157:
5148:
5146:
5131:
5127:
5116:
5098:
5094:
5087:
5069:
5065:
5055:
5037:
5033:
5019:
5002:
4995:
4985:
4962:
4958:
4949:
4947:
4940:
4924:
4920:
4875:
4871:
4861:
4853:. p. 142.
4847:
4843:
4836:
4816:
4812:
4801:
4789:. Vol. 2.
4783:
4779:
4764:
4760:
4752:. p. 105.
4742:
4738:
4733:
4728:
4669:Planned economy
4600:Anti-capitalism
4595:
4555:
4480:Thomas Hodgskin
4441:anti-capitalist
4342:Benjamin Tucker
4286:Benjamin Tucker
4237:economic theory
4148:
4136:Main articles:
4134:
4122:
4116:
4095:corporatization
4023:
4015:Main articles:
4013:
3948:
3942:
3937:
3898:social dividend
3883:Muammar Gaddafi
3846:state ownership
3795:
3771:
3674:and Croat-born
3657:
3572:
3563:anti-capitalist
3552:
3521:Benjamin Tucker
3450:
3414:property rights
3403:
3394:
3354:
3342:
3332:
3330:
3320:
3318:
3311:
3310:
3269:
3261:
3260:
3195:
3187:
3186:
3163:Guild socialism
3142:Western Marxism
3047:
3039:
3038:
2884:
2876:
2875:
2826:Anti-capitalism
2821:
2813:
2812:
2768:
2706:Alfred Marshall
2654:
2643:alienated labor
2580:
2575:
2497:economists and
2468:social dividend
2458:or operated as
2412:economic system
2401:
2361:
2354:
2353:
2319:Post-industrial
2314:Post-capitalist
2274:Hunter-gatherer
2259:
2251:
2250:
2165:
2157:
2156:
2135:Nationalization
2095:Demutualization
2090:Corporatization
2075:
2067:
2066:
2057:State ownership
2032:
2024:
2023:
1999:
1991:
1990:
1916:
1908:
1907:
1878:Robinson Crusoe
1813:
1812:By coordination
1805:
1804:
1789:Traditionalist
1649:Neomercantilist
1609:
1601:
1582:
1555:
1515:
1505:
1503:
1486:
1479:
1478:
1449:
1441:
1440:
1431:Socialist state
1426:Socialist Party
1371:Economic system
1336:
1328:
1327:
1313:
1303:
1302:
1068:
1060:
1059:
640:
632:
631:
447:Democratic road
382:
372:
371:
298:
290:
289:
236:Social dividend
226:Sharing economy
126:
118:
117:
88:
80:
37:
26:
17:
12:
11:
5:
10899:
10889:
10888:
10883:
10878:
10873:
10868:
10863:
10858:
10853:
10838:
10837:
10825:
10802:
10801:
10799:
10798:
10786:
10774:
10762:
10750:
10737:
10734:
10733:
10731:
10730:
10725:
10720:
10715:
10710:
10705:
10700:
10695:
10689:
10687:
10683:
10682:
10680:
10679:
10674:
10668:
10666:
10660:
10659:
10656:
10655:
10653:
10652:
10647:
10642:
10637:
10632:
10627:
10622:
10617:
10612:
10607:
10605:Pedro Castillo
10601:
10599:
10592:
10591:
10589:
10588:
10583:
10578:
10573:
10568:
10563:
10558:
10553:
10548:
10546:E. P. Thompson
10543:
10538:
10533:
10528:
10523:
10518:
10513:
10508:
10506:Bernie Sanders
10503:
10498:
10493:
10491:B. T. Ranadive
10488:
10483:
10478:
10473:
10468:
10463:
10458:
10453:
10448:
10443:
10438:
10433:
10428:
10426:Adrien Marquet
10423:
10418:
10416:Nelson Mandela
10413:
10408:
10403:
10398:
10396:Rosa Luxemburg
10393:
10388:
10386:Vladimir Lenin
10383:
10378:
10376:Henri Lefebvre
10373:
10368:
10363:
10358:
10353:
10348:
10343:
10341:Russell Jacoby
10338:
10333:
10328:
10323:
10321:Saddam Hussein
10318:
10313:
10308:
10303:
10298:
10293:
10288:
10283:
10278:
10273:
10268:
10263:
10261:Eugene V. Debs
10258:
10253:
10248:
10243:
10238:
10233:
10228:
10223:
10218:
10213:
10211:Bertolt Brecht
10208:
10203:
10198:
10193:
10188:
10183:
10178:
10173:
10171:Henri Barbusse
10168:
10163:
10158:
10153:
10148:
10146:Clement Attlee
10143:
10141:Hafez al-Assad
10138:
10133:
10128:
10122:
10120:
10113:
10112:
10110:
10109:
10104:
10099:
10094:
10089:
10084:
10079:
10074:
10069:
10067:Fred M. Taylor
10064:
10059:
10054:
10049:
10044:
10039:
10034:
10029:
10024:
10019:
10014:
10009:
10004:
9999:
9997:William Morris
9994:
9989:
9984:
9979:
9974:
9969:
9964:
9959:
9954:
9949:
9944:
9939:
9934:
9929:
9924:
9919:
9914:
9909:
9904:
9899:
9894:
9889:
9884:
9879:
9874:
9869:
9864:
9862:James Connolly
9859:
9854:
9849:
9844:
9839:
9834:
9829:
9824:
9819:
9814:
9809:
9807:Edward Bellamy
9804:
9799:
9794:
9789:
9784:
9778:
9776:
9769:
9768:
9766:
9765:
9760:
9755:
9750:
9748:Victor d'Hupay
9745:
9739:
9737:
9730:
9729:
9727:
9726:
9721:
9715:
9713:
9703:
9697:
9696:
9694:
9693:
9688:
9683:
9678:
9673:
9668:
9663:
9658:
9656:Labour voucher
9653:
9648:
9643:
9638:
9633:
9628:
9623:
9618:
9613:
9608:
9603:
9598:
9593:
9588:
9582:
9580:
9576:
9575:
9573:
9572:
9567:
9562:
9557:
9552:
9547:
9542:
9537:
9532:
9527:
9522:
9517:
9512:
9507:
9502:
9497:
9492:
9487:
9482:
9477:
9472:
9467:
9460:
9455:
9450:
9445:
9440:
9435:
9430:
9425:
9423:Egalitarianism
9420:
9415:
9410:
9408:Class struggle
9405:
9400:
9395:
9390:
9385:
9380:
9374:
9372:
9366:
9365:
9362:
9361:
9359:
9358:
9353:
9348:
9343:
9342:
9341:
9336:
9334:In one country
9326:
9321:
9316:
9311:
9306:
9301:
9300:
9299:
9289:
9288:
9287:
9286:
9285:
9275:
9265:
9260:
9255:
9250:
9244:
9242:
9238:
9237:
9235:
9234:
9229:
9224:
9223:
9222:
9217:
9207:
9201:
9199:
9193:
9192:
9190:
9189:
9188:
9187:
9177:
9176:
9175:
9170:
9169:
9168:
9167:
9166:
9156:
9155:
9154:
9149:
9144:
9139:
9134:
9129:
9119:
9114:
9109:
9102:
9097:
9092:
9087:
9082:
9077:
9072:
9062:
9052:
9047:
9046:
9045:
9034:
9032:
9020:
9019:
9017:
9016:
9011:
9010:
9009:
9004:
9003:
9002:
8997:
8987:
8982:
8977:
8976:
8975:
8968:Left communism
8960:
8955:
8954:
8953:
8948:
8943:
8938:
8933:
8928:
8923:
8918:
8913:
8908:
8903:
8902:
8901:
8896:
8886:
8881:
8870:
8868:
8853:
8852:
8851:
8850:
8849:
8848:
8838:
8833:
8828:
8818:
8813:
8808:
8803:
8798:
8793:
8788:
8783:
8778:
8777:
8776:
8771:
8761:
8756:
8751:
8746:
8741:
8736:
8731:
8725:
8723:
8715:
8714:
8705:
8702:
8701:
8692:
8691:
8684:
8677:
8669:
8663:
8662:
8648:
8647:External links
8645:
8644:
8643:
8637:
8618:
8602:
8586:
8570:
8554:
8541:
8531:
8524:Chartier, Gary
8521:
8509:
8506:
8503:
8502:
8495:
8473:
8433:
8388:
8345:
8325:
8294:
8263:
8232:
8198:
8182:Cato Institute
8170:Hamowy, Ronald
8148:
8122:(2): 201–215.
8097:
8095:
8094:
8085:
8083:. p. 170.
8065:
8036:libertarianism
8027:
7996:
7970:
7957:
7899:
7886:Chartier, Gary
7877:
7860:Chartier, Gary
7851:
7834:Chartier, Gary
7824:
7811:Chartier, Gary
7802:
7780:
7744:
7735:Freeman Online
7721:
7694:
7683:on 5 June 2014
7656:
7637:
7598:
7569:
7551:
7533:
7515:
7502:Chartier, Gary
7493:
7452:
7410:
7383:
7357:
7322:
7301:
7270:
7237:
7202:
7191:
7166:
7155:
7133:
7104:
7099:Vanguard Press
7082:
7065:
7043:
7026:"Introduction"
7017:
7000:
6991:Guérin, Daniel
6982:
6972:978-1412918121
6971:
6949:
6942:
6934:VDM Publishing
6920:
6888:
6863:
6837:
6805:
6771:
6744:
6726:
6690:
6649:(2021-10-01).
6635:
6611:
6580:
6545:
6513:
6506:
6484:
6477:
6455:
6425:
6399:
6392:
6370:
6317:
6291:
6278:
6244:
6211:
6175:
6153:
6122:
6089:
6078:
6072:. p. 20.
6056:
6046:978-0875484495
6045:
6024:
6017:
5992:
5985:
5965:
5938:
5920:
5896:
5889:
5879:, ed. (1935).
5868:
5861:(in Italian).
5855:Barone, Enrico
5846:
5839:
5815:
5792:Chartier, Gary
5783:
5763:Chartier, Gary
5754:
5741:Chartier, Gary
5732:
5719:Chartier, Gary
5710:
5705:Vanguard Press
5688:
5685:. p. 404.
5667:
5630:
5610:
5570:
5532:
5501:
5479:Graham, Robert
5470:
5452:
5421:
5390:
5367:
5360:
5342:
5307:
5269:
5262:
5229:
5198:
5179:
5173:. p. 72.
5155:
5125:
5115:978-0674339460
5114:
5108:. p. 28.
5092:
5085:
5063:
5053:
5047:. p. 44.
5031:
5018:978-0875484495
5017:
4993:
4983:
4956:
4938:
4918:
4869:
4859:
4841:
4834:
4810:
4800:978-0415241878
4799:
4793:. p. 71.
4777:
4758:
4735:
4734:
4732:
4729:
4727:
4726:
4721:
4716:
4711:
4706:
4701:
4696:
4691:
4686:
4681:
4676:
4671:
4666:
4661:
4656:
4651:
4649:Market failure
4646:
4641:
4636:
4635:
4634:
4624:
4623:
4622:
4612:
4607:
4602:
4596:
4594:
4591:
4570:market economy
4554:
4551:
4512:social justice
4437:self-ownership
4374:class division
4276:), advocating
4133:
4130:
4118:Main article:
4115:
4112:
4012:
4009:
3982:reforms under
3944:Main article:
3941:
3938:
3936:
3933:
3831:Czechoslovakia
3794:
3791:
3770:
3767:
3759:Rudolf Meidner
3737:James S. Albus
3733:Louis O. Kelso
3724:Jaroslav Vaněk
3701:Pranab Bardhan
3672:Jaroslav Vaněk
3656:
3653:
3611:Fred M. Taylor
3607:Oskar R. Lange
3571:
3568:
3551:
3548:
3449:
3446:
3402:
3399:
3396:
3395:
3393:
3392:
3385:
3378:
3370:
3367:
3366:
3365:
3364:
3352:
3340:
3328:
3313:
3312:
3309:
3308:
3303:
3302:
3301:
3296:
3286:
3281:
3279:Libertarianism
3276:
3270:
3268:Related topics
3267:
3266:
3263:
3262:
3259:
3258:
3257:
3256:
3246:
3245:
3244:
3234:
3229:
3224:
3219:
3214:
3213:
3212:
3210:Makhnovshchina
3202:
3196:
3193:
3192:
3189:
3188:
3183:
3182:
3181:
3180:
3175:
3170:
3165:
3160:
3152:
3151:
3147:
3146:
3145:
3144:
3139:
3134:
3129:
3124:
3119:
3111:
3110:
3103:
3102:
3101:
3100:
3095:
3090:
3089:
3088:
3078:
3077:
3076:
3071:
3058:
3057:
3048:
3045:
3044:
3041:
3040:
3037:
3036:
3031:
3026:
3021:
3016:
3011:
3006:
3001:
2996:
2991:
2986:
2981:
2976:
2971:
2966:
2961:
2956:
2951:
2946:
2941:
2936:
2931:
2926:
2921:
2916:
2911:
2906:
2901:
2896:
2891:
2885:
2882:
2881:
2878:
2877:
2874:
2873:
2868:
2863:
2858:
2853:
2848:
2843:
2838:
2833:
2828:
2822:
2819:
2818:
2815:
2814:
2811:
2810:
2805:
2800:
2795:
2790:
2785:
2780:
2778:Class conflict
2775:
2769:
2766:
2765:
2762:
2761:
2753:
2752:
2746:
2745:
2653:
2650:
2602:combined with
2579:
2576:
2574:
2571:
2539:liberalization
2489:, a number of
2464:public finance
2424:market economy
2403:
2402:
2400:
2399:
2392:
2385:
2377:
2374:
2373:
2372:
2371:
2356:
2355:
2352:
2351:
2346:
2341:
2336:
2331:
2329:Resource-based
2326:
2321:
2316:
2311:
2306:
2301:
2296:
2291:
2286:
2281:
2276:
2271:
2266:
2260:
2257:
2256:
2253:
2252:
2249:
2248:
2247:
2246:
2241:
2236:
2226:
2221:
2220:
2219:
2214:
2209:
2204:
2194:
2193:
2192:
2187:
2182:
2172:
2166:
2163:
2162:
2159:
2158:
2155:
2154:
2153:
2152:
2142:
2137:
2132:
2127:
2122:
2117:
2115:Liberalization
2112:
2107:
2102:
2097:
2092:
2087:
2082:
2076:
2073:
2072:
2069:
2068:
2065:
2064:
2059:
2054:
2049:
2039:
2033:
2031:Property types
2030:
2029:
2026:
2025:
2022:
2021:
2016:
2011:
2006:
2000:
1997:
1996:
1993:
1992:
1989:
1988:
1987:
1986:
1980:Latin America
1978:
1977:
1976:
1971:
1966:
1961:
1956:
1951:
1943:
1942:
1941:
1936:
1931:
1926:
1917:
1914:
1913:
1910:
1909:
1906:
1905:
1900:
1895:
1890:
1885:
1880:
1875:
1870:
1865:
1860:
1855:
1850:
1845:
1840:
1835:
1830:
1825:
1820:
1814:
1811:
1810:
1807:
1806:
1803:
1802:
1801:
1800:
1795:
1787:
1782:
1777:
1772:
1771:
1770:
1765:
1760:
1755:
1750:
1745:
1740:
1735:
1730:
1720:
1719:
1718:
1713:
1712:
1711:
1701:
1693:
1688:
1683:
1678:
1673:
1668:
1667:
1666:
1661:
1656:
1651:
1646:
1641:
1636:
1631:
1626:
1616:
1610:
1607:
1606:
1603:
1602:
1600:
1599:
1594:
1589:
1583:
1580:
1577:
1576:
1570:
1569:
1557:
1556:
1554:
1553:
1546:
1539:
1531:
1528:
1527:
1526:
1525:
1513:
1501:
1481:
1480:
1477:
1476:
1471:
1466:
1461:
1456:
1450:
1447:
1446:
1443:
1442:
1439:
1438:
1433:
1428:
1423:
1418:
1413:
1408:
1403:
1398:
1393:
1388:
1386:Libertarianism
1383:
1378:
1373:
1368:
1363:
1358:
1353:
1348:
1343:
1337:
1335:Related topics
1334:
1333:
1330:
1329:
1326:
1325:
1320:
1314:
1309:
1308:
1305:
1304:
1301:
1300:
1295:
1290:
1285:
1280:
1275:
1270:
1265:
1260:
1255:
1250:
1245:
1240:
1235:
1230:
1225:
1220:
1215:
1210:
1205:
1200:
1195:
1190:
1185:
1180:
1175:
1170:
1165:
1160:
1155:
1150:
1145:
1140:
1135:
1130:
1125:
1120:
1115:
1110:
1105:
1100:
1095:
1090:
1085:
1080:
1075:
1069:
1066:
1065:
1062:
1061:
1058:
1057:
1052:
1047:
1042:
1037:
1032:
1027:
1022:
1017:
1012:
1007:
1002:
997:
992:
987:
982:
977:
972:
967:
962:
957:
952:
947:
942:
937:
932:
927:
922:
917:
912:
907:
902:
897:
892:
887:
882:
877:
872:
867:
862:
857:
852:
847:
842:
837:
832:
827:
822:
817:
812:
807:
802:
797:
792:
787:
782:
777:
772:
767:
762:
757:
752:
747:
742:
737:
732:
727:
722:
717:
712:
707:
702:
697:
692:
687:
682:
677:
672:
667:
662:
657:
652:
647:
641:
638:
637:
634:
633:
630:
629:
624:
619:
614:
609:
604:
599:
594:
589:
584:
579:
574:
569:
564:
559:
554:
549:
544:
539:
534:
529:
524:
519:
514:
509:
504:
499:
494:
489:
484:
479:
474:
469:
464:
459:
454:
449:
444:
439:
434:
429:
424:
419:
414:
409:
404:
399:
394:
389:
383:
378:
377:
374:
373:
370:
369:
364:
363:
362:
357:
352:
347:
337:
336:
335:
330:
325:
320:
315:
305:
299:
296:
295:
292:
291:
288:
287:
282:
277:
272:
263:
258:
253:
248:
243:
238:
233:
228:
223:
218:
213:
208:
206:Labour voucher
203:
198:
193:
188:
183:
178:
173:
168:
163:
158:
153:
148:
143:
138:
133:
127:
124:
123:
120:
119:
116:
115:
110:
105:
100:
95:
89:
86:
85:
82:
81:
79:
78:
73:
67:
64:
63:
55:
54:
48:
47:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
10898:
10887:
10884:
10882:
10879:
10877:
10874:
10872:
10869:
10867:
10864:
10862:
10859:
10857:
10854:
10852:
10849:
10848:
10846:
10836:
10831:
10826:
10824:
10819:
10814:
10813:
10810:
10797:
10792:
10787:
10785:
10775:
10773:
10768:
10763:
10761:
10760:
10751:
10749:
10748:
10739:
10738:
10735:
10729:
10726:
10724:
10721:
10719:
10716:
10714:
10711:
10709:
10706:
10704:
10701:
10699:
10696:
10694:
10691:
10690:
10688:
10684:
10678:
10675:
10673:
10670:
10669:
10667:
10665:
10664:Organizations
10661:
10651:
10648:
10646:
10643:
10641:
10638:
10636:
10635:Lula da Silva
10633:
10631:
10628:
10626:
10623:
10621:
10618:
10616:
10613:
10611:
10608:
10606:
10603:
10602:
10600:
10593:
10587:
10584:
10582:
10579:
10577:
10574:
10572:
10569:
10567:
10564:
10562:
10559:
10557:
10554:
10552:
10549:
10547:
10544:
10542:
10539:
10537:
10534:
10532:
10529:
10527:
10524:
10522:
10519:
10517:
10514:
10512:
10509:
10507:
10504:
10502:
10499:
10497:
10494:
10492:
10489:
10487:
10484:
10482:
10479:
10477:
10476:Fred Paterson
10474:
10472:
10469:
10467:
10466:George Orwell
10464:
10462:
10459:
10457:
10454:
10452:
10449:
10447:
10444:
10442:
10439:
10437:
10436:Salama Moussa
10434:
10432:
10429:
10427:
10424:
10422:
10419:
10417:
10414:
10412:
10411:Nestor Makhno
10409:
10407:
10404:
10402:
10399:
10397:
10394:
10392:
10391:György Lukács
10389:
10387:
10384:
10382:
10381:Claude Lefort
10379:
10377:
10374:
10372:
10369:
10367:
10364:
10362:
10359:
10357:
10354:
10352:
10349:
10347:
10344:
10342:
10339:
10337:
10334:
10332:
10329:
10327:
10324:
10322:
10319:
10317:
10316:Eric Hobsbawm
10314:
10312:
10311:Safdar Hashmi
10309:
10307:
10304:
10302:
10299:
10297:
10294:
10292:
10289:
10287:
10284:
10282:
10279:
10277:
10274:
10272:
10269:
10267:
10264:
10262:
10259:
10257:
10254:
10252:
10249:
10247:
10246:Jeremy Corbyn
10244:
10242:
10241:G. D. H. Cole
10239:
10237:
10234:
10232:
10229:
10227:
10224:
10222:
10219:
10217:
10214:
10212:
10209:
10207:
10204:
10202:
10199:
10197:
10194:
10192:
10189:
10187:
10184:
10182:
10179:
10177:
10174:
10172:
10169:
10167:
10164:
10162:
10161:Deng Xiaoping
10159:
10157:
10154:
10152:
10149:
10147:
10144:
10142:
10139:
10137:
10134:
10132:
10129:
10127:
10124:
10123:
10121:
10114:
10108:
10105:
10103:
10100:
10098:
10097:Josiah Warren
10095:
10093:
10090:
10088:
10085:
10083:
10080:
10078:
10077:Pyotr Tkachev
10075:
10073:
10070:
10068:
10065:
10063:
10060:
10058:
10055:
10053:
10050:
10048:
10045:
10043:
10040:
10038:
10035:
10033:
10030:
10028:
10025:
10023:
10020:
10018:
10015:
10013:
10010:
10008:
10005:
10003:
10000:
9998:
9995:
9993:
9990:
9988:
9987:Louise Michel
9985:
9983:
9980:
9978:
9975:
9973:
9970:
9968:
9967:Pierre Leroux
9965:
9963:
9960:
9958:
9955:
9953:
9950:
9948:
9947:Paul Lafargue
9945:
9943:
9940:
9938:
9935:
9933:
9930:
9928:
9925:
9923:
9920:
9918:
9915:
9913:
9910:
9908:
9905:
9903:
9900:
9898:
9895:
9893:
9890:
9888:
9885:
9883:
9880:
9878:
9875:
9873:
9870:
9868:
9865:
9863:
9860:
9858:
9855:
9853:
9850:
9848:
9847:Étienne Cabet
9845:
9843:
9840:
9838:
9835:
9833:
9832:Georg BĂĽchner
9830:
9828:
9825:
9823:
9820:
9818:
9815:
9813:
9810:
9808:
9805:
9803:
9800:
9798:
9797:Enrico Barone
9795:
9793:
9790:
9788:
9785:
9783:
9780:
9779:
9777:
9770:
9764:
9761:
9759:
9756:
9754:
9751:
9749:
9746:
9744:
9741:
9740:
9738:
9731:
9725:
9722:
9720:
9717:
9716:
9714:
9707:
9704:
9702:
9698:
9692:
9689:
9687:
9684:
9682:
9679:
9677:
9674:
9672:
9669:
9667:
9664:
9662:
9659:
9657:
9654:
9652:
9649:
9647:
9644:
9642:
9639:
9637:
9634:
9632:
9629:
9627:
9624:
9622:
9619:
9617:
9614:
9612:
9609:
9607:
9604:
9602:
9599:
9597:
9594:
9592:
9589:
9587:
9584:
9583:
9581:
9577:
9571:
9568:
9566:
9565:Welfare state
9563:
9561:
9558:
9556:
9553:
9551:
9548:
9546:
9543:
9541:
9538:
9536:
9533:
9531:
9528:
9526:
9523:
9521:
9518:
9516:
9513:
9511:
9508:
9506:
9503:
9501:
9500:Nanosocialism
9498:
9496:
9493:
9491:
9490:Mixed economy
9488:
9486:
9483:
9481:
9478:
9476:
9473:
9471:
9468:
9465:
9461:
9459:
9458:Impossibilism
9456:
9454:
9451:
9449:
9446:
9444:
9441:
9439:
9436:
9434:
9431:
9429:
9428:Equal liberty
9426:
9424:
9421:
9419:
9416:
9414:
9411:
9409:
9406:
9404:
9401:
9399:
9396:
9394:
9391:
9389:
9386:
9384:
9381:
9379:
9376:
9375:
9373:
9367:
9357:
9354:
9352:
9349:
9347:
9344:
9340:
9337:
9335:
9332:
9331:
9330:
9327:
9325:
9322:
9320:
9317:
9315:
9312:
9310:
9307:
9305:
9302:
9298:
9297:Eurocommunism
9295:
9294:
9293:
9290:
9284:
9281:
9280:
9279:
9276:
9274:
9271:
9270:
9269:
9266:
9264:
9261:
9259:
9256:
9254:
9251:
9249:
9246:
9245:
9243:
9239:
9233:
9230:
9228:
9225:
9221:
9218:
9216:
9213:
9212:
9211:
9208:
9206:
9203:
9202:
9200:
9198:
9194:
9186:
9183:
9182:
9181:
9178:
9174:
9171:
9165:
9164:Neo-Stalinism
9162:
9161:
9160:
9157:
9153:
9150:
9148:
9145:
9143:
9140:
9138:
9135:
9133:
9130:
9128:
9125:
9124:
9123:
9120:
9118:
9117:Khrushchevism
9115:
9113:
9110:
9108:
9107:
9103:
9101:
9098:
9096:
9093:
9091:
9088:
9086:
9083:
9081:
9078:
9076:
9073:
9071:
9068:
9067:
9066:
9063:
9061:
9058:
9057:
9056:
9053:
9051:
9048:
9044:
9041:
9040:
9039:
9036:
9035:
9033:
9030:
9025:
9024:Authoritarian
9021:
9015:
9012:
9008:
9005:
9001:
8998:
8996:
8993:
8992:
8991:
8988:
8986:
8983:
8981:
8978:
8974:
8971:
8970:
8969:
8966:
8965:
8964:
8961:
8959:
8956:
8952:
8949:
8947:
8944:
8942:
8939:
8937:
8934:
8932:
8929:
8927:
8924:
8922:
8919:
8917:
8914:
8912:
8911:Individualist
8909:
8907:
8904:
8900:
8897:
8895:
8892:
8891:
8890:
8887:
8885:
8882:
8880:
8877:
8876:
8875:
8872:
8871:
8869:
8866:
8861:
8857:
8847:
8844:
8843:
8842:
8839:
8837:
8834:
8832:
8829:
8827:
8824:
8823:
8822:
8819:
8817:
8814:
8812:
8809:
8807:
8806:Revolutionary
8804:
8802:
8799:
8797:
8794:
8792:
8789:
8787:
8784:
8782:
8779:
8775:
8772:
8770:
8767:
8766:
8765:
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8708:
8703:
8698:
8690:
8685:
8683:
8678:
8676:
8671:
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8667:
8660:
8655:
8651:
8650:
8640:
8634:
8630:
8626:
8625:
8619:
8615:
8611:
8607:
8603:
8599:
8595:
8591:
8590:Miller, David
8587:
8583:
8582:HarperCollins
8579:
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8313:
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8162:Narveson, Jan
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8031:
8016:
8012:
8011:
8006:
8000:
7992:
7988:
7984:
7980:
7974:
7967:
7966:Total Freedom
7961:
7954:
7950:
7947:
7946:
7941:
7937:
7934:
7930:
7925:
7921:
7917:
7913:
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7881:
7873:
7869:
7865:
7861:
7855:
7847:
7843:
7839:
7835:
7828:
7820:
7817:. Cambridge:
7816:
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7798:
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7790:
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7768:
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7758:
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7679:
7672:
7671:
7666:
7660:
7652:
7648:
7641:
7626:
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7616:
7615:Machan, Tibor
7612:
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7602:
7587:
7583:
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7318:
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7305:
7289:
7285:
7283:
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7267:
7254:
7250:
7249:
7241:
7222:
7215:
7214:
7206:
7199:
7194:
7192:9780429582363
7188:
7184:
7180:
7176:
7170:
7163:
7158:
7156:9780198277446
7152:
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7137:
7122:
7118:
7114:
7108:
7100:
7096:
7092:
7086:
7078:
7077:
7069:
7062:. p. 11.
7061:
7057:
7053:
7052:Miller, David
7047:
7031:
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7021:
7013:
7010:
7004:
6996:
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6881:
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6851:
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6825:
6821:
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6815:
6809:
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6711:
6704:
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6682:
6678:
6674:
6669:
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6660:
6656:
6652:
6648:
6642:
6640:
6625:
6621:
6615:
6599:
6595:
6591:
6584:
6570:on 2023-04-26
6566:
6562:
6555:
6549:
6533:
6529:
6528:
6523:
6517:
6509:
6507:9780198259909
6503:
6499:
6495:
6488:
6480:
6478:9780060110970
6474:
6470:
6469:HarperCollins
6466:
6459:
6443:
6439:
6435:
6429:
6414:
6410:
6403:
6395:
6393:9780521085861
6389:
6385:
6381:
6374:
6358:
6354:
6350:
6346:
6342:
6338:
6334:
6333:
6328:
6321:
6305:
6301:
6295:
6289:, Unwin Hyman
6288:
6282:
6266:
6262:
6258:
6251:
6249:
6233:
6229:
6225:
6218:
6216:
6208:
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6141:
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6117:
6112:
6108:
6104:
6100:
6093:
6086:
6081:
6079:9780521411936
6075:
6071:
6067:
6060:
6053:
6048:
6042:
6038:
6034:
6028:
6020:
6014:
6010:
6006:
6002:
6001:Kornai, János
5996:
5988:
5982:
5978:
5977:
5969:
5961:
5957:
5953:
5949:
5942:
5927:
5923:
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5864:
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5819:
5803:
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5684:
5680:
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5614:
5595:
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5541:
5539:
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5505:
5490:
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5440:
5436:
5432:
5425:
5410:
5406:
5405:
5400:
5394:
5387:
5382:
5379:. Cambridge:
5378:
5371:
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5357:
5353:
5346:
5329:
5325:
5321:
5317:
5311:
5295:
5291:
5287:
5283:
5276:
5274:
5265:
5259:
5255:
5251:
5250:Penguin Books
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5233:
5217:
5213:
5209:
5202:
5186:
5182:
5176:
5172:
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5144:
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5136:
5129:
5122:
5117:
5111:
5107:
5103:
5096:
5088:
5086:9780262691826
5082:
5078:
5074:
5067:
5060:
5056:
5050:
5046:
5042:
5035:
5028:
5026:
5020:
5014:
5010:
5006:
5000:
4998:
4990:
4986:
4980:
4977:p. 314.
4976:
4972:
4971:
4966:
4960:
4945:
4941:
4935:
4931:
4930:
4922:
4914:
4910:
4906:
4902:
4898:
4894:
4890:
4886:
4885:
4880:
4873:
4866:
4862:
4860:0-618-26181-8
4856:
4852:
4845:
4837:
4831:
4827:
4823:
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4773:
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4608:
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4603:
4601:
4598:
4597:
4590:
4588:
4584:
4580:
4576:
4571:
4567:
4563:
4562:David McNally
4559:
4550:
4548:
4544:
4540:
4536:
4532:
4528:
4524:
4520:
4515:
4513:
4509:
4505:
4501:
4497:
4493:
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4469:
4465:
4460:
4458:
4454:
4450:
4446:
4442:
4438:
4434:
4430:
4426:
4422:
4421:freed markets
4418:
4414:
4413:Gary Chartier
4410:
4406:
4402:
4398:
4394:
4390:
4386:
4382:
4379:
4375:
4371:
4366:
4362:
4358:
4353:
4350:
4343:
4339:
4335:
4332:
4331:
4325:
4321:
4317:
4316:Josiah Warren
4313:
4309:
4305:
4301:
4300:Josiah Warren
4297:
4295:
4291:
4287:
4283:
4279:
4275:
4271:
4267:
4263:
4257:
4254:
4250:
4246:
4242:
4238:
4234:
4230:
4226:
4223:wings of the
4222:
4218:
4217:
4212:
4211:
4206:
4202:
4198:
4194:
4193:
4188:
4184:
4180:
4176:
4168:
4164:
4160:
4156:
4152:
4147:
4143:
4139:
4129:
4127:
4121:
4111:
4109:
4104:
4099:
4096:
4092:
4086:
4084:
4080:
4076:
4071:
4067:
4062:
4060:
4056:
4052:
4047:
4045:
4040:
4036:
4032:
4028:
4022:
4018:
4008:
4004:
4001:
3997:
3992:
3987:
3985:
3981:
3977:
3973:
3969:
3965:
3961:
3957:
3953:
3947:
3932:
3930:
3926:
3922:
3918:
3913:
3911:
3907:
3903:
3899:
3894:
3892:
3888:
3884:
3880:
3876:
3872:
3868:
3863:
3861:
3857:
3856:Peter Drucker
3853:
3851:
3847:
3843:
3839:
3834:
3832:
3828:
3824:
3820:
3819:Prague Spring
3816:
3812:
3808:
3804:
3800:
3790:
3788:
3784:
3780:
3776:
3766:
3764:
3760:
3756:
3752:
3748:
3744:
3740:
3738:
3734:
3730:
3725:
3720:
3717:
3714:
3709:
3706:
3702:
3698:
3696:
3692:
3688:
3683:
3681:
3677:
3676:Branko Horvat
3673:
3665:
3661:
3652:
3650:
3645:
3640:
3637:
3633:
3632:
3626:
3623:
3620:Although the
3618:
3616:
3612:
3608:
3604:
3603:Enrico Barone
3600:
3595:
3593:
3589:
3585:
3581:
3580:marginal cost
3577:
3564:
3560:
3556:
3547:
3545:
3541:
3537:
3536:Manchesterism
3533:
3528:
3527:
3522:
3517:
3515:
3511:
3507:
3503:
3499:
3494:
3490:
3486:
3482:
3477:
3475:
3471:
3467:
3463:
3459:
3458:Josiah Warren
3455:
3445:
3443:
3439:
3435:
3431:
3427:
3423:
3419:
3415:
3411:
3407:
3391:
3386:
3384:
3379:
3377:
3372:
3371:
3369:
3368:
3363:
3358:
3353:
3351:
3346:
3341:
3339:
3329:
3327:
3317:
3316:
3315:
3314:
3307:
3304:
3300:
3299:Eco-socialism
3297:
3295:
3292:
3291:
3290:
3287:
3285:
3282:
3280:
3277:
3275:
3272:
3271:
3265:
3264:
3255:
3252:
3251:
3250:
3247:
3243:
3240:
3239:
3238:
3235:
3233:
3230:
3228:
3225:
3223:
3220:
3218:
3215:
3211:
3208:
3207:
3206:
3203:
3201:
3198:
3197:
3191:
3190:
3179:
3176:
3174:
3171:
3169:
3166:
3164:
3161:
3159:
3156:
3155:
3154:
3153:
3149:
3148:
3143:
3140:
3138:
3135:
3133:
3130:
3128:
3127:Communization
3125:
3123:
3120:
3118:
3115:
3114:
3113:
3112:
3108:
3105:
3104:
3099:
3096:
3094:
3091:
3087:
3084:
3083:
3082:
3079:
3075:
3072:
3070:
3067:
3066:
3065:
3062:
3061:
3060:
3059:
3055:
3052:
3051:
3043:
3042:
3035:
3032:
3030:
3027:
3025:
3022:
3020:
3017:
3015:
3012:
3010:
3007:
3005:
3002:
3000:
2997:
2995:
2992:
2990:
2987:
2985:
2982:
2980:
2977:
2975:
2972:
2970:
2967:
2965:
2962:
2960:
2957:
2955:
2952:
2950:
2947:
2945:
2942:
2940:
2937:
2935:
2932:
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2927:
2925:
2922:
2920:
2917:
2915:
2912:
2910:
2907:
2905:
2902:
2900:
2897:
2895:
2892:
2890:
2887:
2886:
2880:
2879:
2872:
2869:
2867:
2864:
2862:
2859:
2857:
2856:Socialization
2854:
2852:
2849:
2847:
2844:
2842:
2839:
2837:
2834:
2832:
2829:
2827:
2824:
2823:
2817:
2816:
2809:
2806:
2804:
2801:
2799:
2796:
2794:
2791:
2789:
2786:
2784:
2781:
2779:
2776:
2774:
2771:
2770:
2764:
2763:
2759:
2755:
2754:
2751:
2748:
2747:
2743:
2739:
2738:
2734:
2729:
2727:
2722:
2720:
2715:
2713:
2712:
2707:
2703:
2699:
2695:
2694:
2689:
2685:
2680:
2678:
2674:
2669:
2668:
2663:
2659:
2656:Mill's early
2649:
2646:
2644:
2640:
2636:
2632:
2628:
2624:
2620:
2616:
2611:
2609:
2605:
2601:
2597:
2593:
2589:
2585:
2584:surplus value
2570:
2568:
2564:
2560:
2556:
2552:
2548:
2544:
2540:
2534:
2532:
2528:
2523:
2518:
2516:
2512:
2508:
2504:
2500:
2496:
2492:
2488:
2483:
2480:
2476:
2475:mixed economy
2471:
2469:
2465:
2461:
2457:
2453:
2452:capital goods
2449:
2445:
2441:
2437:
2433:
2429:
2425:
2421:
2417:
2413:
2410:is a type of
2409:
2398:
2393:
2391:
2386:
2384:
2379:
2378:
2376:
2375:
2370:
2365:
2360:
2359:
2358:
2357:
2350:
2347:
2345:
2342:
2340:
2337:
2335:
2332:
2330:
2327:
2325:
2324:Post-scarcity
2322:
2320:
2317:
2315:
2312:
2310:
2307:
2305:
2302:
2300:
2297:
2295:
2292:
2290:
2287:
2285:
2282:
2280:
2277:
2275:
2272:
2270:
2269:Expeditionary
2267:
2265:
2262:
2261:
2255:
2254:
2245:
2242:
2240:
2237:
2235:
2232:
2231:
2230:
2227:
2225:
2222:
2218:
2215:
2213:
2210:
2208:
2205:
2203:
2200:
2199:
2198:
2195:
2191:
2188:
2186:
2183:
2181:
2178:
2177:
2176:
2173:
2171:
2168:
2167:
2161:
2160:
2151:
2148:
2147:
2146:
2145:Socialization
2143:
2141:
2140:Privatization
2138:
2136:
2133:
2131:
2130:Mutualization
2128:
2126:
2123:
2121:
2120:Marketization
2118:
2116:
2113:
2111:
2108:
2106:
2105:Expropriation
2103:
2101:
2098:
2096:
2093:
2091:
2088:
2086:
2085:Communization
2083:
2081:
2078:
2077:
2071:
2070:
2063:
2060:
2058:
2055:
2053:
2050:
2047:
2043:
2040:
2038:
2035:
2034:
2028:
2027:
2020:
2017:
2015:
2012:
2010:
2007:
2005:
2002:
2001:
1995:
1994:
1985:
1982:
1981:
1979:
1975:
1972:
1970:
1967:
1965:
1962:
1960:
1957:
1955:
1952:
1950:
1947:
1946:
1944:
1940:
1937:
1935:
1932:
1930:
1927:
1925:
1922:
1921:
1919:
1918:
1912:
1911:
1904:
1901:
1899:
1896:
1894:
1891:
1889:
1886:
1884:
1881:
1879:
1876:
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1823:Decentralized
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1780:Social credit
1778:
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1769:
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1756:
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1749:
1748:Participatory
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1654:Protectionist
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1634:Laissez-faire
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1454:Related lists
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755:Chernyshevsky
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748:
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639:Intellectuals
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572:Revolutionary
570:
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507:Laissez-faire
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412:Authoritarian
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166:Equal liberty
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31:
24:
19:
10757:
10745:
10576:Clara Zetkin
10556:Leon Trotsky
10551:Ernst Toller
10541:R. H. Tawney
10481:Karl Polanyi
10361:James Larkin
10231:Noam Chomsky
9957:Pyotr Lavrov
9937:Karl Kautsky
9932:Mother Jones
9912:Charles Hall
9902:Emma Goldman
9872:Claire DĂ©mar
9802:August Bebel
9596:Basic income
9104:
8980:Luxemburgism
8931:Neozapatismo
8879:Collectivist
8785:
8729:21st century
8627:. Stanford:
8623:
8609:
8593:
8577:
8561:
8548:. Auckland:
8545:
8534:
8527:
8517:
8482:
8476:
8465:. Retrieved
8453:
8449:
8436:
8425:. Retrieved
8416:(1): 87–95.
8413:
8407:
8391:
8379:. Retrieved
8366:(Master's).
8363:
8355:
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8328:
8316:. Retrieved
8307:
8297:
8285:. Retrieved
8276:
8266:
8254:. Retrieved
8250:the original
8245:
8235:
8224:. Retrieved
8173:
8139:. Retrieved
8132:the original
8119:
8113:
8100:
8088:
8079:. New York:
8076:
8073:Biehl, Janet
8047:
8043:
8039:
8035:
8030:
8019:. Retrieved
8009:
7999:
7986:
7973:
7965:
7960:
7944:
7908:Kevin Carson
7902:
7893:
7880:
7867:
7854:
7841:
7827:
7814:
7805:
7792:
7783:
7771:. Retrieved
7767:the original
7760:
7739:the original
7734:
7724:
7712:. Retrieved
7697:
7685:. Retrieved
7678:the original
7669:
7659:
7651:the original
7640:
7629:. Retrieved
7619:
7601:
7590:. Retrieved
7572:
7563:
7554:
7545:
7536:
7527:
7518:
7509:
7496:
7487:
7480:. Retrieved
7473:the original
7465:"Anarquismo"
7455:
7445:
7438:. Retrieved
7431:the original
7423:"Anarquismo"
7413:
7401:. Retrieved
7386:
7374:. Retrieved
7360:
7351:
7345:. Retrieved
7335:
7325:
7317:the original
7311:
7304:
7292:. Retrieved
7288:the original
7281:
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7264:
7257:. Retrieved
7247:
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7228:. Retrieved
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7142:
7136:
7125:. Retrieved
7107:
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7055:
7046:
7034:. Retrieved
7020:
7011:
7003:
6994:
6985:
6976:
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6929:
6923:
6911:. Retrieved
6900:
6891:
6880:the original
6866:
6854:. Retrieved
6850:the original
6840:
6828:. Retrieved
6817:
6808:
6797:the original
6792:
6784:
6762:. Retrieved
6747:
6738:
6717:. Retrieved
6658:
6654:
6647:Boer, Roland
6627:. Retrieved
6623:
6614:
6602:. Retrieved
6598:the original
6593:
6583:
6572:. Retrieved
6565:the original
6560:
6548:
6536:. Retrieved
6525:
6516:
6493:
6487:
6464:
6458:
6446:. Retrieved
6437:
6428:
6416:. Retrieved
6412:
6402:
6379:
6373:
6361:. Retrieved
6339:(3): 17–35.
6336:
6330:
6320:
6308:. Retrieved
6304:the original
6294:
6286:
6281:
6269:. Retrieved
6260:
6236:. Retrieved
6227:
6205:
6198:. Retrieved
6187:
6178:
6170:
6162:
6156:
6144:. Retrieved
6135:
6125:
6106:
6102:
6092:
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6059:
6050:
6036:
6027:
6004:
5995:
5975:
5968:
5951:
5947:
5941:
5930:. Retrieved
5906:
5899:
5880:
5871:
5862:
5858:
5849:
5824:
5818:
5806:. Retrieved
5796:
5786:
5775:. Retrieved
5757:
5744:
5735:
5726:
5713:
5703:. New York:
5700:
5691:
5682:
5645:
5639:
5633:
5626:
5622:
5618:
5613:
5601:. Retrieved
5594:the original
5585:
5561:. Retrieved
5550:
5523:. Retrieved
5519:the original
5514:
5504:
5493:. Retrieved
5483:
5473:
5464:
5455:
5443:. Retrieved
5434:
5424:
5413:. Retrieved
5403:
5393:
5384:
5376:
5370:
5351:
5345:
5332:. Retrieved
5323:
5310:
5298:. Retrieved
5285:
5243:
5232:
5220:. Retrieved
5211:
5201:
5189:. Retrieved
5171:M. E. Sharpe
5165:
5158:
5147:. Retrieved
5138:
5128:
5119:
5101:
5095:
5072:
5066:
5058:
5040:
5034:
5024:
5022:
5008:
4988:
4969:
4959:
4948:. Retrieved
4928:
4921:
4891:(3): 20–40.
4888:
4882:
4872:
4864:
4850:
4844:
4820:
4813:
4804:
4786:
4780:
4767:
4761:
4753:
4745:
4739:
4639:Distributism
4556:
4516:
4467:
4461:
4420:
4417:free markets
4401:Kevin Carson
4383:
4352:Émile Armand
4347:
4328:
4307:
4298:
4293:
4289:
4280:in place of
4273:
4258:
4214:
4208:
4200:
4190:
4172:
4123:
4100:
4087:
4063:
4048:
4024:
4005:
3988:
3976:Soviet Union
3949:
3914:
3902:basic income
3895:
3864:
3854:
3835:
3796:
3787:János Kornai
3772:
3747:Matt Bruenig
3745:
3741:
3721:
3710:
3699:
3684:
3669:
3648:
3641:
3635:
3629:
3627:
3619:
3596:
3588:free markets
3573:
3524:
3518:
3513:
3506:Modern Times
3478:
3473:
3451:
3434:wage slavery
3422:corporations
3404:
3178:Neozapatismo
3137:Situationism
3074:Collectivist
2731:
2723:
2718:
2716:
2709:
2697:
2691:
2683:
2681:
2672:
2665:
2662:free markets
2655:
2647:
2635:exploitation
2612:
2581:
2543:Eastern Bloc
2535:
2519:
2484:
2472:
2407:
2406:
2234:Peer-to-peer
2229:Self-managed
2164:Coordination
2100:Deregulation
1785:Distributist
1737:
1639:Mercantilist
526:
467:Evolutionary
387:21st-century
339:
181:Freed market
18:
10640:Evo Morales
10630:Kim Jong Un
10610:Hugo Chávez
10581:Howard Zinn
10571:Cornel West
10566:H. G. Wells
10536:Sun Yat-sen
10371:Jack Layton
10346:Kim Jong-il
10301:Maxim Gorky
10251:Marcel DĂ©at
10166:Jiang Zemin
10107:Oscar Wilde
10047:George Sand
10002:Robert Owen
9927:Jean Jaurès
9817:Louis Blanc
9724:Thomas More
9686:Technocracy
9560:Trade union
9530:Revisionism
9480:Land reform
9351:Third World
9278:Nationalist
9070:Brezhnevism
9043:Nechayevism
8985:Mao-Spontex
8951:Syndicalist
8941:Communalism
8936:Platformism
8889:Free-market
8860:Libertarian
8846:Technocracy
8796:Nationalist
8774:Syndicalism
8566:Verso Books
8487:Verso Books
7872:Autonomedia
7846:Autonomedia
6830:4 September
6538:30 December
6310:14 November
6271:October 14,
5045:Verso Books
4627:Cooperative
4610:Corporatism
4587:wage labour
4535:egalitarian
4378:technocracy
4249:free market
3980:perestroika
3875:RaĂşl Castro
3793:In practice
3763:John Roemer
3705:John Roemer
3687:John Roemer
3605:(1908) and
3599:LĂ©on Walras
3481:Robert Owen
3454:Proudhonian
3306:Syndicalism
2919:Castoriadis
2728:, writing:
2660:was one of
2600:free market
2561:as well as
2555:Perestroika
2522:Lange model
2507:free-market
2456:state-owned
2339:Traditional
2289:Manorialism
2284:Information
2258:Other types
2244:Open access
2207:Cybernetics
1949:Anglo-Saxon
1934:Singaporean
1893:Underground
1888:Subsistence
1793:Corporatist
1768:Syndicalist
1728:Communalist
1614:Associative
1608:By ideology
1581:Major types
1498:WikiProject
1376:French Left
1168:Spiridonova
1067:Politicians
980:Castoriadis
660:Saint-Simon
612:Third World
607:Syndicalism
542:Nationalist
517:Libertarian
482:Free-market
345:Lange model
333:Soviet-type
303:Communalism
275:Vanguardism
231:Spontaneism
141:Cooperative
87:Development
10845:Categories
10747:Categories
10650:Xi Jinping
10586:J. Posadas
10266:John Dewey
10256:Guy Debord
10176:Jyoti Basu
10057:Eugène Sue
9371:and issues
9369:Key topics
9346:Sri Lankan
9319:Melanesian
9314:Indonesian
9263:Bolivarian
9185:Lassallism
9173:Tkachevism
9055:Bolshevism
9029:from above
9014:Third camp
8990:Trotskyism
8865:from below
8831:Icarianism
8826:Fourierism
8811:Scientific
8744:Democratic
8719:Schools of
8596:. Oxford:
8574:Nove, Alec
8467:2020-09-06
8427:2020-09-06
8226:2016-12-02
8208:2008009151
8021:2016-03-18
7631:2014-05-05
7592:2014-05-05
7482:28 October
7440:28 October
7376:11 October
7347:2016-10-28
7294:11 October
7266:'property'
7181:. London:
7145:. Oxford:
7127:2014-05-05
6719:4 February
6629:2024-07-01
6574:2020-07-08
6238:2023-08-11
6200:28 January
6109:(3): 104.
5954:(1): 1–8.
5932:2021-08-10
5777:2014-05-05
5495:2021-08-03
5415:2017-12-27
5386:conditions
5252:. p.
5248:. London:
5149:2023-08-21
4950:2020-12-25
4731:References
4566:Adam Smith
4425:capitalist
4274:possession
4192:federalist
4185:after the
4033:, where a
3923:began its
3836:Likewise,
3803:Yugoslavia
3117:Autonomism
3109:tendencies
3056:tendencies
2944:Fotopoulos
2798:Mutual aid
2698:Principles
2688:Adam Smith
2684:Principles
2557:, and the
2545:including
2414:involving
2344:Transition
2304:Plantation
2212:Indicative
2074:Transition
1924:East Asian
1695:Religious
1671:Democratic
1644:Neoliberal
1629:Democratic
1619:Capitalist
1587:Capitalism
1469:Socialists
1464:By country
1346:Capitalism
1228:Mitterrand
1193:Gerhardsen
1138:Liebknecht
1123:Markievicz
1050:Varoufakis
1000:Fotopoulos
670:Saint-Just
665:Buonarroti
650:Campanella
587:Scientific
522:Marhaenism
477:Fourierism
462:Ecological
442:Democratic
10876:Socialism
10823:Socialism
10698:Communism
10693:Anarchism
10620:Hu Jintao
10446:Imre Nagy
10236:M. N. Roy
10196:LĂ©on Blum
10191:Tony Benn
10126:Tariq Ali
9982:Karl Marx
9586:Adhocracy
9525:Reformism
9413:Democracy
9283:Chiangist
9273:Communist
9220:communism
9215:anarchism
9210:Christian
9197:Religious
9159:Stalinism
9085:Guevarism
9075:Castroism
9050:Blanquism
8926:Mutualism
8884:Communist
8874:Anarchism
8801:Reformist
8769:Labourism
8739:Communist
8697:Socialism
8256:10 August
8216:750831024
7924:socialist
7259:24 August
7183:Routledge
6685:247967541
6677:2042-8928
6363:24 August
5912:Routledge
5865:: 267–93.
5648:(1): 53.
5563:8 October
5552:Slate.com
5334:6 January
5191:10 August
5077:MIT Press
4913:153267388
4791:Routledge
4694:Mutualism
4644:Dirigisme
4583:socialism
4553:Criticism
4476:mutualism
4453:pro-labor
4419:, termed
4304:anarchist
4241:socialist
4229:Mutualism
4205:Karl Marx
4179:anarchist
4169:thinkers.
4159:mutualism
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3783:Alec Nove
3498:mutualism
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3401:Mutualism
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3069:Communist
3054:Anarchist
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3009:Pankhurst
2959:Kropotkin
2820:Economics
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2309:Plutonomy
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2019:Voluntary
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1733:Communist
1723:Socialist
1704:Christian
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1597:Communism
1592:Socialism
1341:Anarchism
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1108:Bernstein
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8781:Liberal
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