1010:
54:
75:
1085:
839:
670:
850:
82:
950:, are both considered most likely responsible. After the end of the war, Poetschke was identified by various persons involved and eyewitnesses as the officer directly responsible for the initiative and for giving the order to subaltern officers to execute the American prisoners near the Baugnez crossroads. Whether or not Peiper himself gave the actual order, in addition to his
1172:, from 1945 to 1947. The Dachau Trials prosecuted and punished war criminals by imposing 43 death sentences (including Peiper and Dietrich), 22 sentences to life-long imprisonment, and eight sentences to short imprisonment. However, none of the death sentences were carried out, and Peiper and Dietrich were released in 1956 and 1955, respectively.
697:, near the town of Losheim, Belgium. To realize the German advance to the west, SS General Dietrich planned for the 6th SS Panzer Army to advance northwest, through Losheimergraben and Bucholz Station, and then drive 72 miles (116 km) through the towns of Honsfeld and BĂĽllingen, and through the villages of
1044:
gunshot to the head: a wound not sustained in self-defense. The corpses of 20 soldiers showed evidence of small-calibre gunshot wounds to the head, without the residue of a gunpowder burn; other POW corpses had one wound to the head, either in the temple or behind an ear; and 10 corpses showed fatal
903:
infantry assembled the just-surrendered U.S. POWs in a farmer's field, and added them to another group of U.S. POWs who had been captured earlier that day. The prisoners of war who survived the massacre at
Malmedy said that a group of approximately 120 U.S. POWs stood in the farmer's field when the
790:
paratroops killed one of the artillery observers and wounded 14 of the other
American soldiers. Upon capturing the American reconnaissance platoon, the paratroops paused their attack out of caution, believing that a greater force of American infantry and tanks was hiding in the woods. For more than
803:
At 4:30 a.m. on 17 December 1944, the 1st SS Panzer
Division was approximately 16 hours behind schedule when the convoys departed the village of Lanzerath enroute west to the town of Honsfeld. After capturing Honsfeld, Peiper detoured from his assigned route to seize a small fuel depot in
1049:
head injuries, in which blows by a rifle butt fractured the skull. These head wounds were in addition to the bullet wounds made by the machine guns. Most of the POW corpses were recovered from a small area in the farmer’s field, indicating that the
Germans grouped the U.S. POWs to shoot them.
720:
infantry tasked to capture the villages and towns immediately west of the
International Highway. A destroyed bridge thwarted Peiper's tactical plan; earlier in 1944, the retreating Germans had destroyed the Losheim-Losheimergraben bridge over the railroad, which in mid-December 1944 prevented
821:
difficult. At the exit to the village of
Thirimont, the armored spearhead was unable to travel the road directly to Ligneuville, and Peiper deviated from the planned route: Rather than turning to the left, the armored spearhead turned to the right, and advanced towards the crossroads of
814:
infantry summarily executed dozens of U.S. POWs. Afterwards, Peiper advanced to the west, towards the River Meuse and captured
Ligneuville, bypassing the towns of Mödersheid, Schoppen, Ondenval, and Thirimont. The terrain and poor quality of the roads made the advance of
749:
The
Germans were surprised that the Ardennes Counteroffensive on the northern front — the frontline "bulge" in the Battle of the Bulge — met much resistance from the U.S. Army; for most of a day, an American reconnaissance platoon of 22 soldiers (18 infantrymen and four
1021:, the crossroads at Baugnez, Belgium, lay behind the Nazi lines until 13 January 1945; and on 14 January, the U.S. Army reached the killing field where the German soldiers had summarily executed 84 U.S. POWs on 17 December 1944. Military investigators photographed the
1677:. U.S. Senate Eighty-first Congress, first session, pursuant to S. res. 42, Investigation of action of Army with Respect to Trial of Persons Responsible for the Massacre of American Soldiers, Battle of the Bulge, near Malmedy, Belgium, December 1944. 13 October 1949.
730:
Moreover, Peiper's alternative route also was thwarted, because the selected railroad overpass bridge could not bear the weight of armored military vehicles. In the event, the German combat engineers were slow to repair the damaged
770:
convoy of tanks and armored vehicles for almost an entire day, slowing its advance towards the River Meuse and the city of
Antwerp; the delay allowed the U.S. Army time to reinforce against the expected attacks by the
269:
soldiers had grouped the U.S. POWs in a farmer's field, where they used machine guns to shoot and kill the grouped POWs; many of the prisoners of war who survived the gunfire of the massacre were killed with a
881:
fired upon and destroyed the first and last vehicles, immobilizing the convoy and halting the
American advance. Out-numbered and out-gunned, those soldiers of the 285th Field Artillery surrendered to the
993:
were summarily executing U.S. POWs had been communicated to the rank and file soldiers of the U.S. Army in Europe. Unofficial orders spread to not take any SS men prisoner. American soldiers of the
1009:
946:
officer ordered the killing of U.S. POWs at Malmedy. Peiper, who had already left the Baugnez crossroads where the massacre occurred, and the commander of the 1st Panzer Battalion,
1828:
782:) battled, out-flanked, and captured the American reconnaissance platoon as they withdrew from the fight for want of ammunition to continue the fight — halting the progress of
916:
soldiers shot and killed most of the remaining POWs where they stood. Some G.I.s dropped to the ground and pretended to be dead. After machine-gunning the group of POWs, the
1036:
documented the gunshot wounds for the war crimes prosecutions of the enemy officers and soldiers who killed U.S. POWs. Twenty of the 84 corpses of the murdered POWs had
500:
1186:
1629:
53:
863:
approached the Baugnez crossroads, two miles southeast of the city of Malmedy, Belgium. Meanwhile, a U.S. Army convoy of thirty vehicles, from B Battery of the
193:
118:
1511:
436:
infantry had breached the U.S. lines, Peiper was to advance his tanks and armored vehicles on the road to Ligneuville and travel through the towns of
1247:, on December 21 for the attack scheduled the following day says: "No SS troops or paratroopers will be taken prisoner but will be shot on sight."'
791:
12 hours, the over-cautious soldiers of the 9th Parachute Regiment did not act until the midnight arrival of Peiper's tanks to Lanzerath; then the
973:
1429:
493:
864:
652:
182:
285:
massacres of civilians and POWs in Belgian villages and towns in the time after their first massacre of U.S. POWs at Malmedy; these
486:
1377:
1070:
killed fewer U.S. POWs, and put the figure of the dead as being between 300 and 375 US soldiers and 111 civilians executed by the
954:, he was responsible for creating the unit’s prevailing culture, in which caring for prisoners of war was a burden to be avoided.
279:
Besides the summary execution of the eighty-four U.S. POWs at the farmer's field, the term "Malmedy massacre" also includes other
1572:
1385:
1244:
1724:
1204:
994:
74:
1838:
1214:
1782:
714:
was to travel the Lanzerath-Losheimergraben road and advance onto the town of Losheimergraben, immediately following the
657:
462:
traveled secondary roads with weak roadways that proved unsuitable for the weights of armored military vehicles, such as
1633:
962:
In the early afternoon of 17 December 1944, 43 U.S. POWs who survived the Malmedy massacre emerged from hiding from the
1697:
1607:
972:, which was held by the U.S. Army. The first of the 43 survivors of the massacre were encountered by a patrol from the
1485:
1457:
1339:
1141:
Regarding command responsibility for the actions of his officers and soldiers, Dietrich said he received from Hitler
444:, and Werbomont in order to reach and seize the bridges over the River Meuse that are in the vicinity of the city of
1858:
779:
17:
1213:, a series of killings in which up to 158 Canadian and British prisoners of war were murdered by soldiers of the
539:
1772:
1013:
The corpses of the U.S. POWs massacred at Malmedy being removed from the site of the massacre on 14 January 1945
1833:
1517:
1853:
1823:
1058:
In 1949, a US Senate investigation concluded that in the thirty-six-day Battle of the Bulge the soldiers of
1843:
1181:
1169:
365:
111:
987:
learned of the Malmedy massacre approximately four hours after the fact; by evening time, rumors that the
1690:
March to Victory: The Final Months of WWII from D-day, June 6, 1944 to the Fall of Japan, August 14, 1945
1818:
1450:
The Longest Winter: The Battle of the Bulge and the Epic Story of World War II's Most Decorated Platoon
984:
622:
926:
gunshot to the head. Some of the fleeing POWs ran to and hid in a café at the Baugnez crossroads. The
735:
of the Losheim-Losheimergraben road, which delay detoured the convoy of tanks and armored vehicles of
1165:
761:
587:
561:
453:
1577:
Statement of General Lauer "the enemy had the key to success within his hands, but did not know it."
1537:
1145:
that no quarter was to be granted, no prisoners taken, and no pity shown towards Belgian civilians.
448:. Because the strategy of the Ardennes Counteroffensive had reserved the roads with the strongest
872:
1105:
1101:
1094:
951:
333:
292:
1714:
1597:
1551:
615:
551:
317:
1675:
Malmedy massacre Investigation–Report of the Subcommittee of the Committee on Armed Services
1571:. United States Army in World War II, The European Theater of Operations. Washington, D.C.:
1384:. United States Army in World War II, The European Theater of Operations. Washington, D.C.:
534:
337:
567:
8:
1018:
690:
685:
soldiers killed 84 U.S. Army POWs, in a massacre at Malmedy, Belgium, on 17 December 1944
510:
377:
250:
41:
922:
soldiers walked amongst the POW corpses, searching for wounded survivors to kill with a
891:
After that brief battle with the American convoy, the tanks and armored vehicles of the
1525:
1423:
1389:
1289:
1218:
1210:
751:
693:
the Germans' initial, strategic position was east of the German-Belgium border and the
592:
556:
313:
1787:
910:
fired machine guns at them. Panicked by the machine gun fire, some POWs fled, but the
1803:
Fatal Crossroads: The Untold Story of the Malmédy massacre at the Battle of the Bulge
1773:
Mortuary Affairs Operations At Malmedy – Lessons Learned From A Historic Tragedy
1720:
1693:
1632:. Centre de Recherches et d’Informations sur la bataille des Ardennes. Archived from
1603:
1481:
1453:
1335:
1328:
1200:
998:
980:
932:
then set the café afire, and killed every U.S. POW who escaped the burning building.
640:
597:
529:
418:
1243:, footnote 5 in page 264 reads: 'Thus Fragmentary Order 27. issued by Headquarters,
1848:
1190:
947:
260:
203:
1290:"Mortuary Affairs Operations at Malmedy — Lessons Learned from a Historic Tragedy"
867:, was negotiating the crossroads, and then turning right, towards Ligneuville and
272:
1802:
1599:
Fatal Crossroads: The Untold Story of the Malmedy Massacre at the Battle of Bulge
1203:, a massacre very similar to the Malmedy massacre carried out by soldiers of the
1142:
574:
381:
1259: That article includes a diagram showing where the bodies were discovered.
694:
602:
427:
198:
1064:
murdered between 538 and 749 U.S. POWs, other investigations claimed that the
1812:
1161:
1126:
Werner Poetschke (1st SS Panzer Division Leibstandarte SS Adolf Hitler); and
843:
842:
A 1945 depiction of the massacre of G.I.s in a farmer’s field, by war artist
385:
296:
208:
133:
120:
727:
from traveling that route to their objective — the town of Losheimergraben.
392:
and Losheimergraben (a cross-border village shared by the municipalities of
312:
Late in the Second World War, the Third Reich's war-crime violations of the
1104:, from May to July 1946, established that the commanders in the field bore
1084:
1046:
388:, was to penetrate and break through the Allied front between the towns of
223:
45:
1797:
897:
convoy continued westwards to Ligneuville. At the Baugnez crossroads, the
805:
764:, Belgium. The reconnaissance platoon's defense of the village halted the
679:: the black circle near the center indicates the Baugnez crossroads where
397:
1037:
838:
698:
441:
170:
1025:
scene and the frozen, snow-covered corpses before they were removed for
853:
In January 1945, a U.S. soldier views corpses of 84 executed U.S. POWs
741:
onto the road through the town of Lanzerath enroute to Bucholz Station.
1716:
From Pearl Harbor to V-J Day: The American Armed Forces in World War II
393:
345:
701:, to then reach Belgian Route Nationale N23, and then cross the River
478:
1798:
Gettysburg Daily article on 65th anniversary of the Malmedy Massacre.
1553:
Review and Recommendation of the Deputy Judge Advocate for War Crimes
1033:
1022:
669:
232:
226:
868:
849:
463:
437:
389:
361:
976:
at about 2:30 p.m. on 17 December, hours after the massacre.
1026:
969:
875:. The Germans saw the US convoy first, and the spearhead unit of
823:
795:
paratroops explored and found no American soldiers in the woods.
732:
449:
421:
of the left wing of the 6th SS Panzer Army, under the command of
405:
246:
242:
238:
104:
100:
1330:
A Time For Trumpets: The Untold Story of the Battle of the Bulge
1194:
827:
341:
380:(Battle of the Bulge, 16 Dec. 1944–25 Jan. 1945) was that the
702:
401:
1138:) whose soldiers committed the actual war crime at Malmedy.
968:
and then sought help and medical aid in the nearby city of
826:, equidistant from the cities of Malmedy, Ligneuville, and
1783:
Battle of the Bulge on the Web, Malmedy Massacre resources
1197:, committed by the 1st SS Panzer Division on the same day.
344:
ordered that battles be executed and fought with the same
445:
1713:
James, Clayton D.; Wells, Anne Sharp (1 February 1995).
1829:
World War II prisoner of war massacres by Nazi Germany
1760:
The Malmedy Massacre: The War Crimes Trial Controversy
857:
On 17 December 1944, between noon and 1:00 p.m.,
786:
through the village of Lanzerath. In that battle, the
263:(POWs) who had surrendered after a brief battle. The
1788:"Massacre at Malmédy during the Battle of the Bulge"
454:
1st SS Panzer Division Leibstandarte SS Adolf Hitler
194:
1st SS Panzer Division Leibstandarte SS Adolf Hitler
411:For their part of the Ardennes counter-attack, the
1602:(paperback ed.). Da Capo Press. p. 239.
1513:Massacre At Malmédy During the Battle of the Bulge
1327:
997:later summarily executed 80 Wehrmacht POWs in the
708:For their part in the German advance to the west,
253:(16 December 1944 – 25 January 1945). Soldiers of
833:
404:, and afterwards assault and capture the city of
1810:
185:and hundreds of other U.S. POWs from other units
1471:
1469:
1416:Ardennes 1944–1945, Guide du champ de bataille
1004:
494:
469:
58:Corpses of the U.S. soldiers murdered by the
1762:(Harvard University Press, 2017), x, 342 pp.
1623:
1621:
1619:
1321:
1319:
1160:soldiers and officers were conducted at the
1155:
1149:
1133:
1127:
1121:
1115:
1114:killing surrendered U.S. POWs; specifically
1109:
1088:
1071:
1065:
1059:
988:
963:
941:
927:
917:
911:
905:
898:
892:
883:
876:
858:
816:
809:
778:At dusk, the German 9th Parachute Regiment (
765:
755:
736:
722:
715:
709:
680:
674:
457:
431:
422:
412:
355:
349:
327:
321:
286:
280:
264:
254:
230:
59:
1466:
1317:
1315:
1313:
1311:
1309:
1307:
1305:
1303:
1301:
1299:
1017:Until the Allied counterattack against the
865:285th Field Artillery Observation Battalion
183:285th Field Artillery Observation Battalion
1712:
1505:
1503:
1501:
1499:
1497:
1428:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
1120:General Josef Dietrich (6th Panzer Army);
744:
501:
487:
52:
1739:
1733:
1616:
1591:
1589:
1587:
1585:
1443:
1441:
1439:
1378:"Chapter V: The Sixth Panzer Army Attack"
1325:
452:for the bulk traffic of the tanks of the
295:(May–July 1946), which was a part of the
1805:, Book by Danny S. Parker, November 2011
1630:"Mortuary Affairs Operations at Malmedy"
1509:
1475:
1409:
1407:
1296:
1083:
1008:
848:
837:
798:
754:) battled and delayed approximately 500
668:
173:by machine gun and gun-shots to the head
81:
1663:] (in French). Dagorno. p. 76.
1573:Office of the Chief of Military History
1494:
1447:
1386:Office of the Chief of Military History
1371:
1283:
1281:
1279:
1277:
1275:
508:
259:summarily killed eighty-four U.S. Army
14:
1811:
1744:. Paperback Library. pp. 110–111.
1667:
1654:
1595:
1582:
1436:
1413:
1369:
1367:
1365:
1363:
1361:
1359:
1357:
1355:
1353:
1351:
1215:12th SS Panzer Division (Hitler Youth)
1627:
1544:
1404:
1205:11th Armored Division (United States)
482:
276:gunshot to the head. A few survived.
1687:
1628:Glass, Scott T. (22 November 1998).
1566:
1375:
1272:
957:
291:war crimes were the subjects of the
1777:Quartermaster Professional Bulletin
1596:Parker, Danny S. (13 August 2013).
1510:Reynolds, Michael (February 2003).
1348:
1079:
1053:
582:Allied defense and counteroffensive
400:) in order to then cross the River
376:The objective of the Third Reich's
24:
1752:
1040:residue on the head, indicating a
25:
1870:
1766:
1556:. 20 October 1947. pp. 4–22.
1448:Kershaw, Alex (30 October 2005).
1287:
935:
368:(1941–1945) in the Soviet Union.
1189:, the torture and killing of 11
474:
336:armies and the U.S. Army on the
80:
73:
1706:
1692:. Crescent Books. p. 115.
1681:
1648:
1480:. City: Pen & Sword Books.
1418:(in French). Racine, Bruxelles.
974:291st Combat Engineer Battalion
1560:
1452:. Da Capo Press. p. 330.
834:Massacre at Baugnez crossroads
13:
1:
1265:
1251:
760:paratroops in the village of
302:
229:committed by soldiers of the
1719:. Ivan R. Dee. p. 100.
1478:The Battle East of Elsenborn
1231:
1182:List of massacres in Belgium
940:There is dispute over which
320:meant to induce fear of the
307:
241:crossroads near the city of
7:
1839:War crimes of the Waffen-SS
1775:, by Major Scott T. Glass.
1740:Gallagher, Richard (1964).
1414:Engels, Émile, ed. (1994).
1326:MacDonald, Charles (1984).
1175:
1148:The war-crime cases of the
371:
237:on 17 December 1944 at the
153:December 17, 1944
10:
1875:
1790:(reprint of an article in
1476:Cavanagh, William (2005).
1093:Joachim Peiper during the
1005:Recovery and investigation
689:In December 1944, for the
470:German advance to the west
384:, commanded by SS General
89:Malmedy massacre (Belgium)
1166:Dachau concentration camp
1019:Ardennes Counteroffensive
691:Ardennes Counteroffensive
520:
378:Ardennes Counteroffensive
189:
177:
164:
149:
110:
96:
69:
51:
39:
34:
1224:
1164:held in the deactivated
1859:1944 murders in Belgium
1241:History of World War II
873:US 7th Armored Division
871:, in order to join the
745:American counter-attack
673:Route of the Waffen-SS
332:in the soldiers of the
1655:Martin, Roger (1994).
1567:Cole, Hugh M. (1965).
1376:Cole, Hugh M. (1965).
1156:
1150:
1134:
1129:SS-ObersturmbannfĂĽhrer
1128:
1122:
1116:
1110:
1106:command responsibility
1102:Malmedy massacre trial
1097:
1095:Malmedy massacre trial
1090:SS-ObersturmbannfĂĽhrer
1089:
1072:
1066:
1060:
1034:forensic investigation
1014:
989:
964:
952:command responsibility
942:
928:
918:
912:
906:
899:
893:
884:
877:
859:
854:
846:
817:
810:
780:3rd Parachute Division
766:
756:
737:
723:
716:
710:
686:
681:
675:
546:Initial German assault
458:
432:
424:SS-ObersturmbannfĂĽhrer
423:
413:
356:
350:
328:
322:
293:Malmedy massacre trial
287:
281:
265:
255:
231:
134:50.40389°N 6.0661944°E
60:
1834:War crimes in Belgium
1288:Glass, Maj. Scott T.
1087:
1012:
995:11th Armored Division
852:
841:
799:Massacre at BĂĽllingen
672:
318:psychological warfare
27:1944 German war crime
1854:December 1944 events
1824:Massacres in Belgium
1636:on 27 September 2007
1193:prisoners of war in
609:German counterattack
346:no-quarter brutality
181:84 U.S. POWs of the
1844:Battle of the Bulge
1688:Hall, Tony (1994).
1219:Battle of Normandy.
1001:on 1 January 1945.
752:artillery observers
512:Battle of the Bulge
340:(1939–1945) — thus
251:Battle of the Bulge
139:50.40389; 6.0661944
130: /
42:Battle of the Bulge
1211:Normandy massacres
1135:Kampfgruppe Peiper
1123:SS-SturmbannfĂĽhrer
1098:
1073:Kampfgruppe Peiper
1061:Kampfgruppe Peiper
1015:
894:Kampfgruppe Peiper
878:Kampfgruppe Peiper
860:Kampfgruppe Peiper
855:
847:
818:Kampfgruppe Peiper
784:Kampfgruppe Peiper
767:Kampfgruppe Peiper
738:Kampfgruppe Peiper
724:Kampfgruppe Peiper
711:Kampfgruppe Peiper
687:
676:Kampfgruppe Peiper
459:Kampfgruppe Peiper
414:Kampfgruppe Peiper
382:6th SS Panzer Army
314:Geneva Conventions
256:Kampfgruppe Peiper
64:(17 December 1944)
1819:Massacres in 1944
1726:978-1-4617-2094-2
1661:The Peiper Affair
1239: In Cole's
1201:Chenogne massacre
999:Chenogne massacre
981:inspector general
958:Massacre revealed
666:
665:
641:Chenogne massacre
456:, the convoys of
419:armored spearhead
216:
215:
16:(Redirected from
1866:
1758:Steven P. Remy,
1746:
1745:
1742:Malmedy Massacre
1737:
1731:
1730:
1710:
1704:
1703:
1685:
1679:
1678:
1671:
1665:
1664:
1657:L'Affaire Peiper
1652:
1646:
1645:
1643:
1641:
1625:
1614:
1613:
1593:
1580:
1579:
1564:
1558:
1557:
1548:
1542:
1541:
1535:
1531:
1529:
1521:
1520:on 7 March 2007.
1516:. Archived from
1507:
1492:
1491:
1473:
1464:
1463:
1445:
1434:
1433:
1427:
1419:
1411:
1402:
1401:
1399:
1397:
1392:on 7 August 2010
1388:. Archived from
1373:
1346:
1345:
1334:. Bantam Books.
1333:
1323:
1294:
1293:
1285:
1254:
1234:
1191:African-American
1170:occupied Germany
1159:
1153:
1137:
1132:Joachim Peiper (
1131:
1125:
1119:
1113:
1092:
1080:War crimes trial
1075:
1069:
1063:
992:
967:
948:Werner Poetschke
945:
931:
921:
915:
909:
902:
896:
887:
880:
862:
820:
813:
769:
759:
740:
726:
719:
713:
684:
678:
636:Malmedy massacre
515:
513:
503:
496:
489:
480:
479:
461:
435:
426:
416:
359:
353:
331:
325:
290:
284:
268:
261:prisoners of war
258:
236:
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1638:. Retrieved
1634:the original
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1569:The Ardennes
1568:
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1390:the original
1382:The Ardennes
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430:. After the
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190:Perpetrators
46:World War II
40:Part of the
29:
1534:|work=
1217:during the
699:Trois-Ponts
616:Bodenplatte
552:Losheim Gap
442:Trois-Ponts
360:fought the
326:and of the
171:Mass murder
166:Attack type
137: /
125:6°3′58.30″E
112:Coordinates
1813:Categories
1266:References
985:First Army
647:Background
535:Kesternich
394:Hellenthal
303:Background
157:1944-12-17
122:50°24′14″N
1536:ignored (
1526:cite book
1424:cite book
1157:Waffen-SS
1151:Wehrmacht
1117:Waffen-SS
1111:Waffen-SS
1067:Waffen-SS
1023:war crime
990:Waffen-SS
965:Waffen-SS
943:Waffen-SS
929:Waffen-SS
919:Waffen-SS
913:Waffen-SS
907:Waffen-SS
900:Waffen-SS
885:Waffen-SS
811:Waffen-SS
806:BĂĽllingen
793:Waffen-SS
788:Waffen-SS
773:Waffen-SS
762:Lanzerath
757:Waffen-SS
717:Waffen-SS
682:Waffen-SS
630:Massacres
433:Waffen-SS
398:BĂĽllingen
357:Waffen-SS
351:Wehrmacht
329:Waffen-SS
323:Wehrmacht
308:Political
288:Waffen-SS
282:Waffen-SS
266:Waffen-SS
233:Waffen-SS
227:war crime
61:Waffen-SS
1640:22 March
1176:See also
1108:for the
869:St. Vith
623:Nordwind
598:Bastogne
593:St. Vith
557:Clervaux
464:Tiger II
438:Stavelot
417:was the
390:Monschau
372:Military
362:Red Army
354:and the
97:Location
1849:Malmedy
1396:12 July
1027:autopsy
983:of the
970:Malmédy
824:Baugnez
733:roadway
568:Stösser
530:Vianden
524:Prelude
466:tanks.
450:roadway
406:Antwerp
364:on the
247:Belgium
243:Malmedy
239:Baugnez
155: (
105:Belgium
101:Malmedy
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1195:Wereth
828:Waimes
342:Hitler
334:Allied
224:German
222:was a
178:Deaths
1659:[
1225:Notes
1168:, in
703:Meuse
575:Greif
402:Meuse
1721:ISBN
1694:ISBN
1642:2007
1604:ISBN
1538:help
1482:ISBN
1454:ISBN
1430:link
1398:2010
1336:ISBN
1154:and
1100:The
1032:The
979:The
603:Bure
396:and
218:The
150:Date
1257:ii:
446:Huy
44:in
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