House of Lusignan - Knowledge

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The people of Korikos asked for protection from the Muslims. Peter sent his kinsman, Sir Roberto de Lusignan to lead the siege of Korikos. The Lusignans succeeded, and the various Muslim leaders united against Peter, launching an assault on Cyprus. Peter united Knights of Saint John from Rhodes, Papal armies, and Mediterranean pirates to defeat the Muslim fleets before they could land. After another defeat at Antalya the remaining emirs in the region offered him tribute, and he accepted, sending the flags, coats of arms, and other symbols of his house to be raised in different cities. Peter personally visited many of the cities he conquered, where he was given trophies, gifts, and was even worshiped by some.

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Genoese agreed, and invaded in 1373, which led to them capturing Famagusta, the most important port in the region. Peter II recalled forces from cities along the Asian Minor to defend Cyprus, resulting in their loss. He signed a treaty with the Genoese, one of the conditions being that his uncle, James, the youngest brother of his father Peter I, be exiled from Cyprus. This ended the war, but James was captured by the Genoese in Rhodes and held captive in Genoa. After the war Eleanor finally killed Prince John, still under the belief he had murdered her husband. Peter II signed a peace treaty with the Sultan of Egypt, and died in 1382 at Nicosia.

1286: 988:, Sibylla's son from her first marriage, in precedence over Sibylla. They also established a process to choose the monarch afterwards between Sibylla and Isabella (whom Baldwin and the Haute Cour thus recognized as at least equally entitled to succession as Sibylla), though Sibylla was not herself excluded from the succession. After the death of Baldwin V in 1186, Guy and Sibylla went to Jerusalem for the funeral, accompanied by an armed guard. Sibylla was crowned as Queen of Jerusalem, on the condition that she annul her marriage with Guy. In return she could marry whom she chose. Her decision to remarry Guy angered the barons. 2651: 492: 2665: 2152: 2897: 2792: 2632: 2277:, married Charlotte de Bourbon and their marriage was described as a "cornerstone in the revitalisation of French culture in the Lusignan court that characterised Janus's rule". Charlotte died on 15 January 1422 of the plague. She was buried in the Royal Monastery of Saint Dominic's in Nicosia. Her many descendants included Queen Charlotte of Cyprus, Queen Jeanne III of Navarre; French Kings Charles VIII, Francis I, Henry II, Francis II, Charles IX, Henry III, Henry IV and the subsequent Bourbon kings; Anne of France, and Mary, Queen of Scots. 106: 63: 117: 580: 2700: 992: 94: 937: 2869: 2382: 2714: 2217: 2834: 2756: 82: 1556: 2679: 1250: 2935: 2954:

through the door, and saw Melusine bathing. She was a serpent, or according to some sources, a mermaid, from waist down. He told Raymondin of this, and when Melusine was confronted she wept at the betrayal, turned into a dragon, and flew away. She would fly over the castle whenever a new Lusignan became lord. It is for this reason that a mermaid is the Lusignan crest and dragons were their supporters. These symbols also adorned the family's various castles.

2883: 1045:, which was retaliation for the lord of Cyprus having taken Richard's fiancée as prisoner. Afterwards Richard and Guy returned to the siege of Acre. Richard gave up his claim to Jerusalem and supported Guy, while the king of France and the duke of Austria supported their kinsman Conrad. Guy still saved Conrad's life when he was surrounded by the enemy. Richard put the matter of the kingdom of Jerusalem to a vote, which Conrad won, leaving Guy powerless. 2848: 2208:

12 nobles. Some of the nobles opposed his return, led by the brothers Perotte and Vilmonde de Montolivve, who wished to be kings themselves. In 1385 James returned again, and succeeded, being crowned in Nicosia. In 1388 he was crowned king of Jerusalem, and in 1393, following the death of his cousin Leon of Armenia (Leon V of Lusignan, also called Leo V or Levon), he was crowned king of Armenia. James died in 1398, and was succeeded by his son Janus.

902:) to marry a man of their choosing. Agnes was said to have foiled these plans by advising her son Baldwin to have Sibylla married to Guy; however Baldwin, now believed to have been less malleable than earlier historians have portrayed, was considering the international implications of his sister's marriage. The best husband for her would be a knight who could rally external help to the kingdom, and not a local nobleman. As the new King of France, 2911: 2052: 2742: 964: 1434: 2806: 3089: 2728: 2820: 2192:, and in 1368 attempted once again to unite Europe in a crusade. Pope Urban V instead had Peter make peace with the Sultan of Egypt, who was attacking Christian ships in retaliation for Peter's crusade. The increased commerce under Peter's reign led to Famagusta becoming one of the wealthiest cities of its time. It became renowned as a place where the rich could live in lavish surroundings. 1996:, the Sultan of Egypt. Henry fled to Cyprus and under his rule, that kingdom prospered. He had the "Haute Cour" keep written records for the first time in their history, and developed them from a simple advisory council into a true court that tried criminals. His goal of reclaiming Jerusalem went unfulfilled, despite alliances with Persia and twice requesting 2366:

monies for the required ransoms. Cyprus also had to offer the sultan an annual tax based on income from 5,000 duchies. This tax continued to be paid even after the end of Frankish rule in Cyprus. Together with Janus, some of the captives bought their freedom after their families collected money for ransoms. Those who remained as captives were sold as slaves.

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Europe he had the man who helped them tortured and hanged, and sent ships to find and imprison his sons. He had a strong interest in art, literature and philosophy, hosting regular philosophical discussions at his summer villa in Lapithos and commissioned Genealogia deorum gentilium by the Italian writer Giovanni Boccaccio. In 1347 Prince

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Peter's brother John served as regent for 12-year-old Peter II. John's appointment was opposed by many, especially Peter's wife Eleanor of Aragon, who suspected John of arranging the assassination. Vowing revenge, Eleanor asked for military aid from Europe in order to punish Peter I's murderers. The

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ordered that all Templars be arrested and their properties seized, leaving Amalric no choice but to comply. This led to a small uprising and calls for Henry to retake the throne, but it quickly subsided. Among those arrested were several nobles, including two members of the Ibelin family. Amalric was

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and Arabs and arrived at the island with 180 ships near Avdimou. Limassol was again occupied. Janus mustered his army and moved from Nicosia to Limassol. He asked in vain for help from the forces in Europe: the Genoese were his enemies, and the Venetians and others did not want to destroy commercial

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Meanwhile, because Cyprus was still a permanent base of campaign for pirates and adventurers, after raids around the Cypriot coasts, Janus had repeated discussions with the Sultan of Egypt via the sultan's representatives. Janus was unable to stop the raids, which gave the Muslims a reason to attack

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Two years later, the island was affected by epidemics. Simultaneously, there were many raids of locusts on the island, which caused destruction to agriculture. A new epidemic arrived in 1419–20, which probably caused the death of Janus' second wife, Charlotte on 15 January 1422. Because the king was

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Raymondin agreed, and together they had ten children, founding the dynasty. They built the Château de Lusignan in 15 days, naming it after Melusine. One day Raymondin's brothers asked why she disappeared every Saturday, and Raymondin said that it was a condition of their marriage. One brother spied

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While Janus was captive in Cyprus, the nobles and the royal family members were trying to gain his release, while dealing with Alexis' rebellion. With help from Europe, the rebellion was repressed after 10 months. The rebels' leader was arrested and, after terrible tortures, was executed in Nicosia

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was to succeed as the new king. Unfortunately James was still a captive of the Genoese. While in captivity he had wed Helvis of Brunswick-Grubenhagen and had 12 children. After agreeing to give the Genoese more rights in Cyprus, he was released. While he was away Cyprus was governed by a council of

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While on one of his visits to Rome Peter received word that the barons of Armenia wanted him as king. He returned to Cyprus to find that his queen had been unfaithful while he was away, and he tyrannized all nobles she showed favor to, including his brothers. In 1369 Peter was assassinated while in

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In 1358 Hugh abdicated the throne, passing it on to his military minded son Peter instead of his grandson Hugh, the heir apparent. Peter believed that since Cyprus was the last Christian stronghold in the mideast it was his duty to fight the Muslims, and raided the coastal ports of the Asia Minor.

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That disaster, together with the previous raids, the war operations of Janus against Genoese, the epidemics and the invasion of locusts, caused the Cypriot serfs to revolt, as they suffered from living in conditions of utter poverty. The leader of the Cypriot revolutionaries was Alexis, whom they

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ruled as vice-king in Cyprus and faced many challenges. There was an epidemic in 1363 which resulted in the death of many Cypriots, including their sister Eschiva. The Turks heard that the people of Cyprus were dying and took advantage by raiding and pillaging the villages. During this time there

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According to European folklore the House of Lusignan was founded by the faerie Melusine. In the legend Melusine was exiled from Avalon and doomed to turn into a serpent from the waist down every Saturday. One day a prince, Raymondin of Poitou, came across her in the woods. He had just killed his

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Meanwhile, Janus was humiliated in Cairo: they took him, tied up with chains and riding a donkey, in front of the sultan. He was forced to kneel and worship nine times the soil on which the sultan stepped. Europeans mediated in the case, obtaining the release of Janus after collecting sufficient

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As king Janus tried to take back Famagusta, which was still held by the Genoese, but was thwarted by conspirators. In 1403, the governor of Genoa, de Mengre, had talks with Janus' representative Giorgio Billi which ended in an agreement by which the cities remained under Genoese hands. Later, he

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to present his case. Urban sided with Peter, but Hugh was given a high annual benefit as recompense. Peter also discussed another crusade with the pope, and then decided to visit the other kings and rulers of Europe to strengthen his army. He visited Germany, France, and England, where the famed

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became king at age 29, and unlike previous Lusignan monarchs he was content being just King of Cyprus, refusing his son Peter's requests to lead a crusade for Jerusalem. He instead preferred to focus on issues in his realm and was strict on justice. When Peter and his third son John journeyed to

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in July 1202, and took Hugh prisoner with 200 of his troops. King John's savage treatment of the captives caused outrage among his supporters, and his French barons began to desert him. The Lusignans' diplomatic rebellion resulted in the loss to England of half its territory in France, soon

956:. Throughout late 1183 and 1184 Baldwin IV tried to have his sister's marriage to Guy annulled, showing that Baldwin still held his sister with some favour. Baldwin IV had wanted a loyal brother-in-law, and was frustrated in Guy's hardheadedness and disobedience. Sibylla remained at 3092: 878:

said that he arrived on the advice of Aimery. Some modern historians believe that Guy was already well established in Jerusalem by 1180, but there is no supporting contemporary evidence. Aimery's success certainly facilitated the social and political advancement of Guy.

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murdered in 1310 by Simon of Montolif. After this King Oshin released Henry II. With the aid of the Hospitallers, Henry regained his throne. Those who had helped Amalric were arrested, including their brother Aimery, who was acting governor following Amalric's murder.

517:(circa 1412). Louis XIV fortified it and it was used as a prison, a school—and a handy quarry for building materials. It was leveled to the ground in the 18th century in order to create a park for local residents. Only its foundations remain today. According to 1519:, serving as ruler until 1253. Henry was married three times and had only one child, a son Hugh. The boy succeeded him upon his death in 1253, although he was only two months of age. Hugh died in 1267 at age 14, bringing an end to the first House of Lusignan. 2078:. The Armenian leadership largely accepted Catholicism, but the peasantry opposed the changes. Eventually, this led civil strife. Constantine was killed in an uprising in 1344, and the throne passed out of the Lusignan family to his distant cousin 2074:, was rumored to have poisoned the previous king, and killed Guy's mother and two brothers. Under his leadership, the Lusignans tried to impose Western Catholicism and the European way of life on the Armenian people, who had a state religion of the 2007:, which incapacitated him at times. Some of the nobles grew unhappy with his rule, and he had his brother, Guy, the Constable of Cyprus, executed for conspiring against him. Their brother Amalric, the Lord of Tyre, overthrew him with help from the 2281:

forced the Cypriot people to pay special taxes to assemble an army and siege machines, and he besieged Famagusta for three years but in vain, since there was access from the sea to the city. In 1406 the siege ended and the Genoese tried to occupy

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After their victory, the Mamluks pillaged Larnaca again and then Nicosia, the capital of Cyprus. The royal family retreated to fortified Kyrenia and were rescued. The invaders took a great deal of loot and captives before they left the island.

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expected attempt to seize power. Frederick succeeded in 1228 in forcing John of Ibelin to hand over the regency and the island of Cyprus. But, when Frederick left the island in April, John counter-attacked and regained control, which began the

1132:, King of France, who demanded John's presence — a tactical impossibility — and declared John a "contumacious vassal." As the Lusignan allies managed to detain both Arthur and Eleanor, John surprised their unprepared forces at the castle of 2148:, and other lords and princes. Among the issues discussed were Peter's crusade, peace treaties between the kings, and the succession for the Polish throne. While there Peter won a royal tournament, adding to his prestige. 2252:

was crowned King of Armenia. He was raised in Cyprus after having fled Constantine III, and while there he became a knight in the Order of the Sword, which was founded by King Peter I. In 1375, Armenia was invaded by the

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crowned Aimery as the first king of Cyprus. In 1197 Aimery married Isabella, which brought the crown of Jerusalem back to the Lusignans. One of Aimery's first actions as king was to make a five-year truce with the

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uncle in a hunting accident and was distraught. Melusine helped him with this, and he later returned seeking her out. He proposed marriage, and she agreed on the condition that she be left alone every Saturday.

2631: 1939:. An inscription in Arabic reads: "Made by the order of Hugh, favoured by God, the one at the vanguard of the elite troops of the Franks, Hugh of the Lusignans". Another inscription in French reads: 2248:

sought an alliance with the Sultan of Egypt, whom Peter had made an enemy. This angered the barons of Armenia, who feared annexation by the sultan, and in 1373 Constantine IV was murdered. In 1374,

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Guy and Sibylla were hastily married at Easter 1180, apparently preventing a coup by Raymond's faction to marry her to Baldwin of Ibelin, the father-in-law of Aimery. By this marriage, Guy became

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bed by three of his own knights. During his reign he was known as the epitome of chivalry, and was the greatest king of the Lusignan dynasty. He was succeeded by his 12-year-old son, Peter II.

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Besides the Cypriot branch, through the acts of the Count of Poitiers, Alphonse de Poitiers, by the 18th century the domains of Lusignans were divided among a number of other branches :

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and Leon was forced to surrender, putting an end to the last fully independent Armenian entity of the Middle Ages after three centuries of sovereignty. The title was claimed by his cousin,

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incorporated into his kingdom by Philip Augustus. (The other "half", Aquitaine, remained the possession of John's surviving mother Eleanor of Aquitaine). John died in 1216, leaving his son

1487:, daughter of Isabella and Henry of Champagne. They had three children. Henry, the youngest child and only son, became king in 1218 at eight months of age; Alice officially served as his 1203:(c. 1265–1324), succeeded to his father's estates, but he was not formally recognized as Earl of Pembroke until after the death of his mother Joan in 1307. He was appointed guardian of 843:. Hostile rumours alleged that Aimery was Agnes's lover, but this is questionable. It is more likely that his promotions were aimed at weaning him away from the political orbit of the 2613: 566:. Hugh was succeeded by his brother, Guy I, who died in 1308, making their sister Yolande Countess of La Marche. After Yolande's death, in 1314, King Philip annexed La Marche. 1164:

In 1247, Guilliame de Lusignan, a younger son of Hugh X and Isabella, moved from France to England along with two of his brothers at the request of their half-brother King

808:, then acting Duke of Aquitaine, which included the family lands of Lusignan near Poitiers. Aimery, named Amalric by outdated scholarship, married Eschiva, the daughter of 918:. Guy was a vassal of both King Henry and of his son Richard of Poitou (the future King Richard I) and had formerly been rebellious, so they wanted to keep him overseas. 1172:) and his brothers were quickly placed in positions of power by the king; William was married to Joan de Munchensi (d. 1307), a granddaughter and heiress to the great 2420:. John eventually forgave him, and appeared to be ready to name James as his successor, but died in 1458 before doing so. He was succeeded by his daughter Charlotte. 940:

Map of the Crusader States in 1165. At the height of their power, the Lusignans ruled the Kingdom of Jerusalem, the Principality of Antioch, and the County of Tripoli

952:, the Sultan of Egypt and Syria, during a two-year period of truce. More important to Baldwin IV's disillusionment with him was Guy's military hesitation during the 416:, western France, in the early 10th century. By the end of the 11th century, the family had risen to become the most prominent petty lords in the region from their 2454:

died at one year of age, bringing an end to the Lusignan kingdoms. However, the last member of the dynasty was Queen Charlotte, who died on 16 July 1487, in Rome.

2303:, sent military forces to Cyprus several times. A small force, around 1424, attacked Limassol, and in 1425 the Egyptian army attacked Famagusta and then pillaged 1973:, took the name Lusignan, thus founding the second House of Lusignan. He succeeded his deceased cousin as King of Cyprus. In 1268, following the execution of 2082:; he reigned as Constantine III. Constantine III attempted to kill his cousins, in an attempt to eliminate all potential claimants, but they fled to Cyprus. 1037:

in 1191, Sibylla and their two daughters died. Isabella succeeded to the throne as the queen of Jerusalem. Guy left for Limassol and met with Richard, now

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declared as king in Lefkoniko. The revolution was widespread supported by much of the population, who elected their own leaders in many places of Cyprus.

1977:, he was crowned King of Jerusalem. Hugh was frustrated by dealing with the different factions of Jerusalem nobles, and in 1276 he left for Cyprus. Saint 2326:

launched a large-scale attack against the island. Led by Tangriver Mohamed and Inal el Kakimi, their army contained over 3,000 men and included Mamliks,

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and styled her Princess of Lusignan of Cyprus, of Jerusalem and of Armenia. He took the name Guy de Lusignan and title of Prince. They started selling

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In 1284 his son John succeeded him as king of Cyprus and Jerusalem, but died one year later. John is believed to have been poisoned by his brother,

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very distraught about her death, the body of the dead queen was moved out of the palace where her funeral was, in order to not be seen by Janus.

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and the native Cypriots. Peter was in Genoa at the time and negotiated peace. He failed to gain the support of the major rulers but set off on a

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traded English claims for their support of her son. To secure his position in La Marche, the widowed Hugh arranged a betrothal with the heiress

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was concerned that her political rivals, headed by Raymond of Tripoli, intended to exercise more control by forcing her daughter, the widowed

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Two of the Lusignan domains in France were erected into feudal Marquisates in 1618 and 1722 by Kings Louis XIII and Louis XV respectively.

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Dictionnaire des Titres et des terres titrées en France sous l'ancien régime», Eric Thiou, Éditions Mémoire et Documents, Versailles, 2003

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betrayed him by executing the captured Gaveston, Aymer de Valence left the allied lords and joined the King. Valence was present at the

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When Peter returned to Cyprus he was in risk of losing his throne. Hugh, his nephew who had previously been the heir apparent, went to

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The Manuscript Torino J.II.9: A Late Medieval Perspective on Musical Life and Culture at the Court of the Lusignan Kings at Nicosia

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Not revived by the self-styled prince, but reputed to have been awarded by the Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia in the twelfth century.

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ransomed him and made him Lord of Madrid. He died in Paris in 1393 after trying and failing to gather support for another crusade.

2261:, uniting it with the titles of Cyprus and Jerusalem. Leon and his family were held captive in Cairo for several years, until King 1515:. Henry assumed control of the kingdom when he came of age at 15, in 1232. He became regent of Jerusalem, in 1246, for the infant 1189: 1169: 1153: 2776: 1492: 1216: 1200: 2656: 730: 3791: 2431:. Their combined forces recaptured Famagusta for the Lusignans, and their blockade forced Charlotte to stay in the castle of 1173: 1114:. However John obtained her hand first, and married her in August 1200, thus depriving Hugh of La Marche and his brother of 514: 496: 4397: 4377: 3719: 3431: 1375: 630:(died 1110), who inherited by collateral succession the County of La Marche (1091) as a descendant of Almodis of La Marche. 2664: 3098:

The civil war between James II (called "Zacco") and Charlotte of Cyprus forms the historical background to the events of

1285: 1077: 3407: 2019:. Amalric repaired relationships with Venice, Genoa, and the Knights Hospitallers, and became popular among the people. 4382: 3198: 1860: 3366: 2423:

Charlotte's reign was troubled and brief. She succeeded in building an alliance with the Genoese, via her marriage to

3068: 2450:. In 1472 Catherine arrived in Cyprus, and James died several months later under suspicious circumstances. Their son 2390: 352: 2684: 4367: 3836: 3784: 2079: 1911: 1507: 1081: 1943:("Very high and powerful king Hugh of Jerusalem and Cyprus, may God maintain him"). 14th century, Egypt or Syria. 1180:, giving him great wealth and power in his new land. As a result he was unpopular and was heavily involved in the 4297: 4292: 4006: 3712: 3371:. ANS Numismatic Notes and Monographs. Vol. 66. New York: American Numismatic Society. pp. 2–3, 20–31. 3266: 2424: 2067: 2058:

on his throne. "Les chevaliers de Saint-Jean-de-Jerusalem rétablissant la religion en Arménie", 1844 painting by

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After another six-year truce with the Muslims, Aimery and most of the royal family died. His only surviving son,

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After the fall of Armenian Cilicia, Lusignan-controlled Cyprus was the only Christian state in the Middle East.

2137: 2011:. The revolt was quick and non-violent. Amalric became regent of Cyprus and Jerusalem, and Henry was exiled to 1665: 2070:, was elected as King of Armenia and took the name Constantine II. He was initially reluctant as the regent, 2640:, built at the end of the 12th century or the beginning of the 13th century to support the fortified town of 1830: 1600: 1590: 1420: 1224: 116: 3950: 1886: 1788: 1215:

to power, his influence declined and he became prominent among the discontented nobles. In 1312, after the

1060: 3975: 2416:. James was made Archbishop of Nicosia at age 16, but was stripped of his title after murdering the Royal 681: 4274: 3688: 3657: 2579: 2347: 1904: 1775: 1680: 1575: 1535: 1405: 1322: 1232: 1148: 891: 832: 120: 3516: 4392: 4362: 3999: 3890: 3396: 2896: 2678: 2405: 1835: 1745: 1705: 1448: 1265: 922: 3821: 2670: 513:, was the principal seat of the Lusignans. It is shown at its height in the March illumination in the 2245: 2125: 2075: 2059: 2055: 1855: 1730: 1499: 1415: 1340: 1315: 778: 31: 3286:

Basmadjian, K. J. (Nov–Dec 1920). "Cilicia: Her Past and Future". The New Armenia 12 (11-12): 168–9.

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and also Denny Abbey, between Cambridge and Ely, where she spent her last days surrounded by nuns.

491: 464: 272: 17: 2868: 2225: 1555: 1491:. Her uncle Phillip of Ibelin exercised the real power behind the throne, followed by his brother 1111: 706: 541: 397:, from the 12th through the 15th centuries during the Middle Ages. It also had great influence in 4170: 4058: 3233: 2163:

While Peter was attempting to launch another crusade and gaining recognition, his brother Prince

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An ambitious man, Guy convinced King Baldwin IV to name him as regent in early 1182. But he and

4302: 3895: 3851: 3831: 3176:(in Armenian). Athens, Greece: Hradaragoutioun Azkayin Oussoumnagan Khorhourti. pp. 29–56. 3012: 2151: 2145: 2027: 1960: 1956: 985: 848: 686: 3188: 2755: 2619: 2546:

Purportedly founded in 1063 by Robert de Lusignan, surnamed "bras-de-fer", for knights on the

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in which Guy de Lusignan was captured by Saladin, and Jerusalem was lost. From a copy of the

797: 756: 724: 690: 661: 639: 549: 2427:, but it proved futile. Her half-brother James made an alliance with the sultanate of Egypt 2129: 1052:, who in turn sold it to Guy. Guy died in 1194, leaving Cyprus to his older brother Aimery. 910:

seemed the best prospect for such help and he owed the Pope a penitential pilgrimage to the

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in 1265, William continued to serve Henry III, and then Edward I, until his death in 1296.

1165: 1138: 1107: 1099: 1034: 1030: 852: 805: 718: 655: 633: 600: 425: 386: 99: 2847: 2741: 2159:. "Assassinat Pierre de Lusignan, roi de Chypre", 15th-century painting by Jean Froissart. 991: 8: 4333: 4251: 4241: 4190: 4129: 4119: 3826: 3512: 3221:

Notes and Queries: A Medium of Intercommunication for Literary Men, General Readers, Etc.

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for three years. In 1463 she and Louis fled Cyprus for Rome, where they were welcomed by

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and Agrinou. After Larnaca, they went to Limassol, which was also sacked, including the

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Upon his release, Guy and Sibylla sought refuge in Tyre, but were denied entry by rival

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Rippin, Ann (2007). "Space, place and the colonies: re-reading the Starbucks' story".

874:(c.1150-1194), arrived in Jerusalem at some unknown date before Easter 1180, although 4372: 4328: 4318: 4236: 4226: 4216: 4211: 4185: 4180: 4152: 4114: 4104: 4099: 4089: 3960: 3739: 3607: 3597: 3555: 3470: 3436: 3372: 3194: 2971: 2882: 2839: 2513: 2468:

Paul Sire, King Arthur's European Realm: New Evidence from Monmouth's Primary Sources

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features a female knight Hospitaller by the name of Louisa de Lusignan, played by

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Unsuccessful in prying his sister and close heir away from Guy, the king and the

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died in 1303. His sisters, Jeanne and Isabelle, sold the county of Angoulême to

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Cyprus. Cypriot nobles and officials of the kingdom participated in the raids.

1997: 1978: 1770: 1660: 1387: 1382: 1362: 1347: 1254: 1212: 953: 227: 3466: 936: 4356: 3885: 3507:. Vol. 17 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 130–131. 3492: 3474: 3376: 3001: 2874: 2572:, legendary fairy wife of Raymond de Forez, founder of the house of Lusignan. 2381: 1944: 1675: 1438: 915: 844: 782: 694: 3432:

Plantagenet Ancestry: A Study In Colonial And Medieval Families, 2nd Edition

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de Lusignan ("Hugh the Swarthy"), like most of the lords of Poitou, backed

421: 54: 3776: 3339:

King Arthur's European Realm: New Evidence from Monmouth's Primary Sources

2916: 2902: 533: 3704: 3539: 3020: 2555: 2408:, would succeed him as ruler of Cyprus. He also had an illegitimate son, 1992:. In 1291 the last remnants of the Kingdom of Jerusalem were captured by 1605: 1007: 370: 2934: 1483:, eldest daughter of Isabella and Conrad. Hugh married his step-sister, 1249: 748: 2308: 2177: 1014:

Guy's term as king is generally seen as a disaster; he was defeated by

448: 2527:

d'Alby de Gratigny. He became involved in a fake art scandal in 1910.

2038:, but without success. In 1307 Pope Clement, under pressure from king 3877: 3646: 3518:

Histoire de l'île de Chypre sous les princes de la maison de Lusignan

3039: 2985: 2782: 2312: 2169: 2051: 2035: 1690: 911: 801: 747:

after Guy's death. Yolande sold the fiefs of Lusignan, La Marche and

559: 460: 459:, which they inherited through marriage in the mid-14th century. The 3991: 1479:, became King of Cyprus in 1205. The kingdom of Jerusalem passed to 963: 3083: 3073: 2981: 2938: 2569: 2547: 2505: 2282: 2254: 2004: 1974: 1725: 1620: 1302: 1204: 1133: 1126: 1119: 1023: 957: 929:

of Jerusalem. Sibylla already had a son from her first marriage to

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This article is about the royal French family. For other uses, see

3088: 2984:, the mythological founder of the family, is used as the logo for 2338:(7 July 1426) against the Mamluks, King Janus was captured by the 3735: 3684: 3653: 3624: 3593: 3562: 2941:'s secret is discovered. "Die schöne Melusine", 1844 painting by 2888: 2641: 2492:

The principal branch retains Lusignan and the County of La Marche

2432: 2304: 2296: 2120: 2012: 1870: 1610: 1503: 1015: 999: 949: 474:

branch, until their line failed. This kingdom was annexed by the

420:. In the late 12th century, through marriages and inheritance, a 933:, and by Guy she had two daughters, Alice and Mary de Lusignan. 552:. These acquisitions produced complicated titles. For example, 3496: 3167: 3165: 3163: 2623: 2447: 2371: 2323: 2185: 2184:, and succeeded only in angering the Sultan. Peter moved on to 2031: 1635: 1630: 1615: 1488: 1042: 875: 685:

The lion rampant added to the original arms of Lusignan was an

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origin, which at various times ruled several principalities in

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priest Kafta declared that his wife Marie was a descendant of

914:

on account of his responsibility for the murder of Archbishop

432:. In the early 13th century, the main branch succeeded to the 2825: 2524: 2519:. After the death of Guy/Kafta in 1905, Marie's lover became 2343: 2339: 2229: 2181: 1625: 836: 323: 3160: 2119:

in an attempt to be recognized as king. Peter journeyed to

2015:. There he was imprisoned by Amalric's brother-in-law King 1585: 3408:

NY Times, 24 April 1910, D´ Aulby Protege of Pseudo Prince

2268: 2104:

founded the Chivalric Order of the Sword, whose motto was

341: 2374:

from Cairo. He died in 1432 and was succeeded by his son

2342:

forces. He was ransomed after ten months of captivity in

1253:

Lusignan coat of arms Detail crests above the gateway to

1141:

as king. His widow Isabella of Angoulême finally married

338: 329: 3429:* Richardson, Douglas (2011). Kimball G. Everingham. In 2370:

on 12 May 1427, the same day that King Janus arrived in

2168:

were also conflicts between the Genose navies docked at

1106:

acceded to the throne of England in 1199. John's mother

463:

branch fled to France, and eventually Russia, after the

3193:(1 ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 441. 2578:

Purportedly founded in 1195 by Guy de Lusignan for the

1211:

to the throne and the consequent rise of his favourite

3106:

and the death of Zacco and its consequences figure in

1176:

and was granted custody of the lands and the title of

743:

Guy's sisters, Jeanne and Isabelle, sold Angoulême to

3443:. Google Book Search. Retrieved on November 12, 2014. 3223:

Vol. 10. Series 5. London: John Francis, 1878. p. 190

1026:

while Saladin reconquered almost the entire kingdom.

621: 528:

The lords of the castle at Lusignan became counts of

353: 344: 332: 326: 3299:, pp.35-36, December 2005, retrieved on 15 June 2009 676: 320: 556:was Hugh VI of La Marche and Hugh II of Angoulême. 317: 646:, the first King of Cyprus also King of Jerusalem 2566:Isabella of Ibelin, Queen of Cyprus and Jerusalem 2499: 1223:in 1314, and later helped King Edward defeat the 906:, was still a minor, Baldwin's first cousin King 652:(1191–1219), Count of Eu, second son of Hugh VIII 4354: 3419:Revived and Recently Created Orders of Chivalry 2085: 787: 3455:Critical Perspectives on International Business 2404:. They had two daughters, the eldest of which, 2307:together with the nearby area, including Kiti, 1125:The aggrieved Lusignans turned to their feudal 617:, the daughter of Count Bernard I of La Marche. 1192:. After the final defeat of the rebels at the 532:in the 12th century. They added the county of 4273: 4007: 3792: 3720: 3360: 3358: 2028:combined military operations with the Mongols 1912: 1456: 2176:with what men he had. He sacked the city of 3806: 3171: 2961:also claims shared ancestry from Melusine. 1525: 335: 4014: 4000: 3799: 3785: 3734: 3727: 3713: 3364: 3355: 3323:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher ( 3131: 3086:symbolically as a female poet in her poem 2393:; she died in 1440. After this he married 1919: 1905: 1463: 1449: 815:Aimery had also obtained the patronage of 481: 3125: 2535:The self-styled Prince of the 1880s sold 2128:" took place. In 1363 Peter attended the 835:. Agnes appointed Aimery as Constable of 804:, having been expelled from his realm by 3491: 3461:(2). Emerald Group Publishing: 136–149. 2933: 2380: 2215: 2150: 2050: 1930: 1248: 1207:in 1306, but with the accession of King 1154:William de Valence, 1st Earl of Pembroke 1147: 990: 962: 935: 680: 578: 490: 4403:Noble families from the Crusader states 4163: 3526:Lectures on Medieval and Modern History 3155:The Advocate: America's Jewish Journal, 2575:Order of the Sword of Cyprus or Silence 2543:Order of Saint Catherine of Mount Sinai 2269:Kings of Jerusalem, Cyprus, and Armenia 1950: 960:, though perhaps not against her will. 14: 4355: 4034: 3452: 3308: 2600: 2446:in 1468 to establish an alliance with 2203:The Parliament of Cyprus decided that 2180:, but was prevented from moving on to 1969:, whose maternal grandfather had been 1493:John of Ibelin, the Old Lord of Beirut 1201:Aymer de Valence, 2nd Earl of Pembroke 1055: 1033:, the husband of Isabella. During the 515:Trés Riches Heures of the Duc de Berry 497:Les Très Riches Heures du duc de Berry 4272: 4150: 4033: 4021: 3995: 3780: 3708: 2964: 1498:Henry was crowned at the age of 8 at 1174:William Marshal, 1st Earl of Pembroke 1145:in 1220, and bore him five children. 1041:. He joined the latter's conquest of 841:Constable of the Kingdom of Jerusalem 705:(died 1249), son of Hugh IX, married 451:, they soon had connections with the 364: 4388:Nobility of the Kingdom of Jerusalem 3186: 3072:(1802–1803), recounts the legend of 2622:in its heyday the largest castle in 1935:Basin attributed to a commission by 984:altered the succession. They placed 574: 27:French noble family, 10th century on 4151: 3341:. 2014, McFarland p. 182 0786478012 2860: 2442:James was crowned king and married 2346:. During his captivity his brother 2046: 755:in 1308. They became a part of the 642:(died 1165), whose younger son was 521:, the earliest castle was built by 24: 3485: 3267:"Site officiel du musée du Louvre" 3157:Volume 44. 21 December 1921 p. 628 3132:Basmadjian, K. J. (Nov–Dec 1920). 2530: 2211: 1554: 1238: 865: 622:Counts of La Marche / Counts of Eu 424:of the family came to control the 25: 4414: 3069:Minstrelsy of the Scottish Border 2486:Lusignan-Jarnac (the Counts d'Eu) 2391:Amadea Palaiologina of Monferrato 1168:. Guillaume (known in English as 768: 677:Counts of La Marche and Angoulême 3087: 2909: 2895: 2881: 2867: 2846: 2832: 2818: 2804: 2790: 2775: 2754: 2740: 2726: 2712: 2698: 2677: 2663: 2649: 2630: 2612: 2585:Order of Saint Blaise of Armenia 2244:After the death of his kinsman, 1508:Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor 1432: 1284: 1199:William's eldest surviving son, 796:(c.1145-1205) (a younger son of 709:, thus securing Angoulême (1220) 536:to their holdings in 1220, when 501:, March: the Château de Lusignan 313: 115: 104: 92: 80: 61: 3446: 3423: 3412: 3401: 3390: 3365:Gillingham, Harrold E. (1935). 3344: 3331: 3302: 3289: 3000:and capture of Jerusalem, with 2924: 2564:Purportedly founded in 1186 by 2425:Louis of Savoy, Count of Geneva 2236:and a new one was built in the 2224:, last king of Armenia, in the 2022:In 1300, the Lusignans, led by 1866:Republic of Mountainous Armenia 1078:Normandy campaigns of 1200–1204 1022:in 1187, and was imprisoned in 3280: 3259: 3250: 3226: 3214: 3180: 3148: 3134:"Cilicia: Her Past and Future" 2138:Charles IV, Holy Roman Emperor 2136:of Poland. In attendance were 13: 1: 3174:Badmoutioun Hayots, Volume II 3118: 3110:volumes three and six in her 2657:Château of Saint Jean d'Angle 2086:Golden Age of Lusignan Cyprus 1071: 882:Older accounts, derived from 812:, and entered court circles. 788:Aimery at the Jerusalem court 583:Arms of the lords of Lusignan 3172:Kurdoghlian, Mihran (1996). 2691: 1082:Anglo-French War (1202–1214) 1061:Henry VI, Holy Roman Emperor 569: 385:, including the kingdoms of 253: 42: 7: 4398:Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia 4378:Former monarchies of Europe 3689:Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia 3658:Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia 3190:A History of Cyprus, Vol. 2 2929: 2685:Château de La Rochefoucauld 2580:Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia 2552:Saint Catherine's Monastery 2331:relations with the sultan. 2322:In the summer of 1426, the 2232:. It was desecrated in the 1681:Christianization of Armenia 1233:Pembroke College, Cambridge 1090:Meanwhile, in France, Hugh 1048:Richard sold Cyprus to the 847:, who were associated with 833:county of Jaffa and Ascalon 470:The claim was taken by the 467:conquest of their kingdom. 121:Kingdom of Cilician Armenia 10: 4419: 3093:The Fairy of the Fountains 3076:, a supernatural creature. 2089: 1954: 1746:Kingdom of Tashir-Dzoraget 1706:Muslim conquest of Armenia 1242: 1188:against the rebels led by 1184:, supporting the King and 1102:when the latter's brother 1075: 1004:Saladin en Guy de Lusignan 923:Count of Jaffa and Ascalon 870:Aimery’s younger brother, 772: 486: 478:in the late 15th century. 223:(1186–1192; still titular) 29: 4383:Former monarchies of Asia 4311: 4285: 4281: 4275:Kings of Armenian Cilicia 4268: 4159: 4146: 4067: 4046: 4042: 4029: 3875: 3814: 3746: 3695: 3682: 3674: 3664: 3651: 3643: 3635: 3622: 3614: 3604: 3591: 3583: 3573: 3560: 3552: 3536: 3467:10.1108/17422040710744944 2768: 2605: 2457: 2354:, took charge of Cyprus. 2275:son of James I and Helvis 2126:Banquet of the Five Kings 2076:Armenian Apostolic Church 2056:Constantin III of Armenia 2003:King Henry suffered from 1856:First Republic of Armenia 1731:Principality of Hamamshen 1601:Lchashen–Metsamor culture 1591:Trialeti–Vanadzor culture 853:King Amalric of Jerusalem 779:Siege of Jerusalem (1187) 613:(died 1060), who married 408:The family originated in 279: 263: 249: 237:King of Armenia (Cilicia) 184: 174: 166: 156: 148: 137: 126: 75: 60: 50: 39: 32:Lusignan (disambiguation) 3080:Letitia Elizabeth Landon 2108:the motto of his house. 2066:In 1342, Amalric's son, 1526:Second House of Lusignan 819:(the divorced mother of 800:(died 1165)) arrived in 672:(died 1219), Count of Eu 664:(1246–1260), Count of Eu 658:(1219–1246), Count of Eu 4368:Medieval royal families 3808:European royal families 3528:(3rd ed., Oxford, 1900) 3504:Encyclopædia Britannica 3435:. CreateSpace. p. 679. 3313:. Florence. p. 79. 3295:Andrée Giselle Simard, 3056:, was written for King 3052:'s political treatise, 3038:is a main character in 2397:, the granddaughter of 1766:Principality of Khachen 1631:Urartu (Kingdom of Van) 1576:Shulaveri–Shomu culture 1559:Coat of Arms of Armenia 886:and Ernoul, claim that 482:First House of Lusignan 3013:Saladin the Victorious 2946: 2919:"Castle of the Snakes" 2471: 2386: 2241: 2160: 2146:Valdemar IV of Denmark 2063: 1961:Franco-Mongol alliance 1957:Fall of Tripoli (1289) 1947: 1560: 1257: 1161: 1098:as the better heir to 1011: 977: 941: 849:Raymond III of Tripoli 698: 687:augmentation of honour 584: 502: 255:Pour Loyauté Maintenir 3618:House of Hohenstaufen 3368:Ephemeral Decorations 3234:"Yolanda of Lusignan" 3187:Hill, George (2010). 3015:by Egyptian director 2937: 2812:Saint Hilarion Castle 2550:making pilgrimage to 2461: 2402:Manuel II Palaeologus 2399:Eastern Roman Emperor 2384: 2352:Archbishop of Nicosia 2285:, but were defeated. 2238:Basilique Saint-Denis 2226:Couvent des Célestins 2219: 2155:The assassination of 2154: 2106:Pour Lealte Maintenir 2054: 2024:Amalric, Lord of Tyre 1934: 1741:Kingdom of Vaspurakan 1558: 1252: 1221:Battle of Bannockburn 1151: 1112:Isabella of Angoulême 1100:Richard the Lionheart 994: 966: 939: 931:William of Montferrat 806:Richard the Lionheart 707:Isabelle of Angoulême 691:Richard the Lionheart 684: 582: 550:John, King of England 542:Isabella of Angoulême 494: 434:Counties of La Marche 426:kingdoms of Jerusalem 3629:Kingdom of Jerusalem 3587:House of Plantagenet 3567:Kingdom of Jerusalem 3269:. Cartelfr.louvre.fr 2976:The Canterbury Tales 2959:House of Plantagenet 2671:Château de Parthenay 2500:"Prince" de Lusignan 2336:Battle of Chirokitia 1951:Fall of the Templars 1871:Contemporary Armenia 1517:Conrad IV of Germany 1108:Eleanor of Aquitaine 1031:Conrad of Montferrat 946:Raynald of Châtillon 757:French royal demesne 615:Almodis of La Marche 591:(early 10th century) 544:, daughter of Count 100:Kingdom of Jerusalem 3513:Louis de Mas Latrie 3311:I Lusignan di Cipro 3309:Fileti, F. (2000). 2720:Krak des Chevaliers 2620:Château de Lusignan 2601:Castles and palaces 2523:and called himself 2452:James III of Cyprus 2395:Helena Palaiologina 2097:Hugh IV de Lusignan 2092:Alexandrian Crusade 2040:Philip IV of France 1876:Republic of Artsakh 1626:Nairi Confederation 1581:Kura–Araxes culture 1513:War of the Lombards 1481:Maria of Montferrat 1245:War of the Lombards 1056:Aimery becomes king 1006:, 1625 painting by 973:Passages d’outremer 908:Henry II of England 753:Philip IV of France 745:Philip IV of France 564:Philip IV of France 554:Hugh XI of Lusignan 507:Château de Lusignan 268:Château de Lusignan 259:(To retain loyalty) 196:(10th century–1308) 4208:Regent and usurper 4036:Kings of Jerusalem 3577:House of Aleramici 3546:House of Lusignan 3521:(Paris, 1852-1853) 3397:Order of Melusine 3108:To Lie With Lions, 3104:Race of Scorpions, 3058:Hugh III of Cyprus 3044:Giovanni Boccaccio 3026:La reine de Chypre 2965:In popular culture 2947: 2504:In 1880, a former 2414:Marietta de Patras 2412:, by his mistress 2387: 2250:Leon V de Lusignan 2242: 2161: 2142:Louis I of Hungary 2130:Congress of Kraków 2064: 1948: 1776:Kingdom of Cilicia 1756:Kingdom of Artsakh 1736:Kingdom of Armenia 1726:Emirate of Armenia 1686:Kingdom of Sophene 1666:Kingdom of Armenia 1656:Satrapy of Armenia 1561: 1485:Alice of Champagne 1258: 1182:Second Barons' War 1170:William de Valence 1162: 1143:Hugh X of Lusignan 1096:Arthur of Brittany 1086:Second Barons' War 1012: 978: 942: 888:Agnes of Courtenay 817:Agnes of Courtenay 794:Aimery of Lusignan 699: 644:Aimery of Lusignan 585: 546:Aymer of Angoulême 538:Hugh X of Lusignan 525:, a water-spirit. 503: 476:Republic of Venice 457:Kingdom of Cilicia 418:castle at Lusignan 210:Count of Angoulême 201:Count of La Marche 161:Hugh I of Lusignan 44:Maison de Lusignan 4393:Kingdom of Cyprus 4363:House of Lusignan 4350: 4349: 4346: 4345: 4342: 4341: 4264: 4263: 4260: 4259: 4142: 4141: 4138: 4137: 4023:House of Lusignan 3989: 3988: 3774: 3773: 3703: 3702: 3696:Succeeded by 3665:Succeeded by 3636:Succeeded by 3608:Venetian Republic 3605:Succeeded by 3598:Kingdom of Cyprus 3574:Succeeded by 3100:Dorothy Dunnett's 2993:Kingdom of Heaven 2972:Peter I of Cyprus 2840:Buffavento Castle 2592:was the family's 2561:Order of Mélusine 2444:Catherine Cornaro 2263:John I of Castile 2259:James I of Cyprus 2234:French Revolution 2205:James I of Cyprus 2134:Casimir the Great 2132:, hosted by King 2102:Peter de Lusignan 1937:Hugh IV of Cyprus 1929: 1928: 1836:National movement 1826:Armenian genocide 1821:Armenian question 1751:Kingdom of Syunik 1696:Byzantine Armenia 1473: 1472: 1439:Cyprus portal 1353:Kingdom of Cyprus 1323:Ten city-kingdoms 1229:Mary de Châtillon 1225:Earl of Lancaster 1194:Battle of Evesham 1190:Simon de Montfort 1152:Coat of arms of 829:Reginald of Sidon 810:Baldwin of Ibelin 575:Lords of Lusignan 366:[lyziɲɑ̃] 309:House of Lusignan 305: 304: 219:King of Jerusalem 130:From the city of 112:Kingdom of Cyprus 88:Kingdom of France 40:House of Lusignan 16:(Redirected from 4410: 4283: 4282: 4270: 4269: 4161: 4160: 4148: 4147: 4044: 4043: 4031: 4030: 4016: 4009: 4002: 3993: 3992: 3801: 3794: 3787: 3778: 3777: 3729: 3722: 3715: 3706: 3705: 3675:Preceded by 3644:Preceded by 3615:Preceded by 3584:Preceded by 3553:Preceded by 3534: 3533: 3508: 3500: 3498:"Lusignan" 3479: 3478: 3450: 3444: 3427: 3421: 3416: 3410: 3405: 3399: 3394: 3388: 3387: 3385: 3383: 3362: 3353: 3348: 3342: 3335: 3329: 3328: 3322: 3314: 3306: 3300: 3293: 3287: 3284: 3278: 3277: 3275: 3274: 3263: 3257: 3256:Runciman, p. 180 3254: 3248: 3247: 3246: 3245: 3230: 3224: 3218: 3212: 3211: 3209: 3207: 3184: 3178: 3177: 3169: 3158: 3152: 3146: 3145: 3129: 3112:House of Niccolo 3091: 3064:Sir Walter Scott 3030:Fromental Halévy 3028:, 1841 opera by 2998:Battle of Hattin 2974:is mentioned in 2913: 2899: 2885: 2871: 2861:Armenian Cilicia 2850: 2836: 2822: 2808: 2794: 2779: 2758: 2748:Sidon Sea Castle 2744: 2730: 2716: 2702: 2681: 2667: 2653: 2634: 2616: 2517:chivalric orders 2480:Lusignan-Vouvant 2469: 2429:Sayf ad-Din Inal 2348:Hugh of Lusignan 2072:Oshin of Corycos 2047:Kings of Armenia 2000:for assistance. 1994:Al-Ashraf Khalil 1971:Hugh I of Cyprus 1921: 1914: 1907: 1789:Early modern age 1701:Sasanian Armenia 1548: 1530: 1529: 1465: 1458: 1451: 1437: 1436: 1435: 1400:History by topic 1288: 1278: 1260: 1259: 1178:Earl of Pembroke 1020:Battle of Hattin 968:Battle of Hattin 896:heir presumptive 851:, the cousin of 831:), who held the 827:and the wife of 775:Battle of Hattin 368: 363: 356: 351: 350: 347: 346: 343: 340: 337: 334: 331: 328: 325: 322: 319: 300: 298: 290: 288: 270:(ancestral seat) 242: 233: 224: 215: 206: 197: 192:Lord of Lusignan 132:Lusignan, Vienne 119: 110: 108: 107: 98: 96: 95: 86: 84: 83: 67:Royal banner of 65: 37: 36: 21: 4418: 4417: 4413: 4412: 4411: 4409: 4408: 4407: 4353: 4352: 4351: 4338: 4307: 4277: 4256: 4155: 4153:Kings of Cyprus 4134: 4063: 4038: 4025: 4020: 3990: 3985: 3891:Austria-Hungary 3871: 3810: 3805: 3775: 3770: 3742: 3733: 3699: 3692: 3680: 3678:House of Neghir 3670: 3668:House of Neghir 3661: 3649: 3639: 3632: 3620: 3610: 3601: 3589: 3579: 3570: 3558: 3548: 3543: 3488: 3486:Further reading 3483: 3482: 3451: 3447: 3428: 3424: 3417: 3413: 3406: 3402: 3395: 3391: 3381: 3379: 3363: 3356: 3349: 3345: 3336: 3332: 3316: 3315: 3307: 3303: 3294: 3290: 3285: 3281: 3272: 3270: 3265: 3264: 3260: 3255: 3251: 3243: 3241: 3232: 3231: 3227: 3219: 3215: 3205: 3203: 3201: 3185: 3181: 3170: 3161: 3153: 3149: 3144:(11–12): 168–9. 3138:The New Armenia 3130: 3126: 3121: 3036:Guy de Lusignan 3017:Youssef Chahine 3006:Guy de Lusignan 2996:centers on the 2967: 2932: 2927: 2920: 2914: 2905: 2900: 2891: 2886: 2877: 2872: 2863: 2856: 2851: 2842: 2837: 2828: 2823: 2814: 2809: 2800: 2795: 2786: 2780: 2771: 2764: 2762:Beaufort Castle 2759: 2750: 2745: 2736: 2731: 2722: 2717: 2708: 2703: 2694: 2687: 2682: 2673: 2668: 2659: 2654: 2645: 2635: 2626: 2617: 2608: 2603: 2537:dynastic orders 2533: 2531:Dynastic orders 2510:Guy de Lusignan 2502: 2483:Lusignan-Cognac 2470: 2467: 2460: 2301:Sultan of Egypt 2271: 2214: 2212:Fall of Armenia 2094: 2088: 2068:Guy de Lusignan 2060:Henri Delaborde 2049: 2009:Knights Templar 1967:Hugh of Antioch 1965:At that point, 1963: 1953: 1925: 1881: 1880: 1861:Armenian S.S.R. 1851: 1841: 1840: 1831:Western Armenia 1816:Armenian Oblast 1811:Russian Armenia 1806:Ottoman Armenia 1796:Iranian Armenia 1791: 1781: 1780: 1761:Zakarid Armenia 1721: 1711: 1710: 1671:Armenian Empire 1651: 1641: 1640: 1571: 1546: 1539: 1528: 1522: 1469: 1433: 1431: 1426: 1425: 1416:Ancient pottery 1401: 1393: 1392: 1378: 1368: 1367: 1358:Venetian Cyprus 1348:Theme of Cyprus 1343: 1333: 1332: 1318: 1308: 1307: 1298: 1276: 1269: 1247: 1241: 1239:Kings of Cyprus 1217:Earl of Warwick 1130:Philip Augustus 1088: 1076:Main articles: 1074: 1058: 1050:Knight Templars 1039:king of England 996:Guy de Lusignan 900:King Baldwin IV 884:William of Tyre 872:Guy of Lusignan 868: 866:Guy of Lusignan 839:, and later as 821:King Baldwin IV 790: 785: 773:Main articles: 771: 679: 624: 577: 572: 489: 484: 361: 354: 316: 312: 301:(cognatic line) 296: 294: 292: 286: 284: 271: 258: 257: 245: 240: 239: 231: 230: 222: 221: 213: 212: 204: 203: 195: 194: 138:Place of origin 114: 105: 103: 102: 93: 91: 90: 81: 79: 71: 69:Janus of Cyprus 46: 41: 35: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 4416: 4406: 4405: 4400: 4395: 4390: 4385: 4380: 4375: 4370: 4365: 4348: 4347: 4344: 4343: 4340: 4339: 4337: 4336: 4331: 4326: 4321: 4315: 4313: 4309: 4308: 4306: 4305: 4300: 4298:Constantine IV 4295: 4293:Constantine II 4289: 4287: 4279: 4278: 4266: 4265: 4262: 4261: 4258: 4257: 4255: 4254: 4249: 4244: 4239: 4234: 4229: 4224: 4219: 4214: 4209: 4203: 4198: 4193: 4188: 4183: 4178: 4173: 4167: 4165: 4157: 4156: 4144: 4143: 4140: 4139: 4136: 4135: 4133: 4132: 4127: 4122: 4117: 4112: 4107: 4102: 4097: 4092: 4087: 4082: 4077: 4071: 4069: 4065: 4064: 4062: 4061: 4056: 4050: 4048: 4040: 4039: 4027: 4026: 4019: 4018: 4011: 4004: 3996: 3987: 3986: 3984: 3983: 3978: 3973: 3968: 3963: 3958: 3953: 3948: 3943: 3938: 3933: 3928: 3923: 3918: 3917: 3916: 3911: 3906: 3898: 3893: 3888: 3882: 3880: 3873: 3872: 3870: 3869: 3867:United Kingdom 3864: 3859: 3854: 3849: 3844: 3839: 3834: 3829: 3824: 3818: 3816: 3812: 3811: 3804: 3803: 3796: 3789: 3781: 3772: 3771: 3769: 3768: 3763: 3758: 3753: 3747: 3744: 3743: 3732: 3731: 3724: 3717: 3709: 3701: 3700: 3697: 3694: 3681: 3676: 3672: 3671: 3666: 3663: 3650: 3645: 3641: 3640: 3637: 3634: 3621: 3616: 3612: 3611: 3606: 3603: 3590: 3585: 3581: 3580: 3575: 3572: 3559: 3556:House of Anjou 3554: 3550: 3549: 3544: 3537: 3532: 3531: 3530: 3529: 3522: 3495:, ed. (1911). 3493:Chisholm, Hugh 3487: 3484: 3481: 3480: 3445: 3422: 3411: 3400: 3389: 3354: 3343: 3330: 3301: 3288: 3279: 3258: 3249: 3225: 3213: 3200:978-1108020633 3199: 3179: 3159: 3147: 3123: 3122: 3120: 3117: 3116: 3115: 3096: 3077: 3061: 3050:Thomas Aquinas 3047: 3033: 3023: 3009: 2989: 2979: 2966: 2963: 2931: 2928: 2926: 2923: 2922: 2921: 2915: 2908: 2906: 2901: 2894: 2892: 2887: 2880: 2878: 2873: 2866: 2862: 2859: 2858: 2857: 2854:Kantara Castle 2852: 2845: 2843: 2838: 2831: 2829: 2824: 2817: 2815: 2810: 2803: 2801: 2798:Kyrenia Castle 2796: 2789: 2787: 2781: 2774: 2770: 2767: 2766: 2765: 2760: 2753: 2751: 2746: 2739: 2737: 2732: 2725: 2723: 2718: 2711: 2709: 2706:Tower of David 2704: 2697: 2693: 2690: 2689: 2688: 2683: 2676: 2674: 2669: 2662: 2660: 2655: 2648: 2646: 2636: 2629: 2627: 2618: 2611: 2607: 2604: 2602: 2599: 2598: 2597: 2586: 2583: 2576: 2573: 2568:. Named after 2562: 2559: 2544: 2532: 2529: 2501: 2498: 2494: 2493: 2490: 2489:Lusignan-Sidon 2487: 2484: 2481: 2478: 2477:Lusignan-Lezay 2465: 2459: 2456: 2334:Following the 2270: 2267: 2246:Constantine IV 2213: 2210: 2090:Main article: 2087: 2084: 2048: 2045: 2034:to retake the 1998:Pope Clement V 1979:Thomas Aquinas 1952: 1949: 1927: 1926: 1924: 1923: 1916: 1909: 1901: 1898: 1897: 1883: 1882: 1879: 1878: 1873: 1868: 1863: 1858: 1852: 1847: 1846: 1843: 1842: 1839: 1838: 1833: 1828: 1823: 1818: 1813: 1808: 1803: 1801:Five Melikdoms 1798: 1792: 1787: 1786: 1783: 1782: 1779: 1778: 1773: 1771:Mongol Armenia 1768: 1763: 1758: 1753: 1748: 1743: 1738: 1733: 1728: 1722: 1717: 1716: 1713: 1712: 1709: 1708: 1703: 1698: 1693: 1688: 1683: 1678: 1673: 1668: 1663: 1658: 1652: 1647: 1646: 1643: 1642: 1639: 1638: 1633: 1628: 1623: 1618: 1613: 1608: 1603: 1598: 1593: 1588: 1586:Legend of Hayk 1583: 1578: 1572: 1567: 1566: 1563: 1562: 1551: 1550: 1541: 1540: 1533: 1527: 1524: 1471: 1470: 1468: 1467: 1460: 1453: 1445: 1442: 1441: 1428: 1427: 1424: 1423: 1418: 1413: 1408: 1402: 1399: 1398: 1395: 1394: 1391: 1390: 1388:Cyprus problem 1385: 1383:British Cyprus 1379: 1374: 1373: 1370: 1369: 1366: 1365: 1363:Ottoman Cyprus 1360: 1355: 1350: 1344: 1339: 1338: 1335: 1334: 1331: 1330: 1325: 1319: 1314: 1313: 1310: 1309: 1306: 1305: 1299: 1294: 1293: 1290: 1289: 1281: 1280: 1271: 1270: 1263: 1255:Kyrenia Castle 1243:Main article: 1240: 1237: 1213:Piers Gaveston 1073: 1070: 1057: 1054: 954:Siege of Kerak 867: 864: 792:In the 1170s, 789: 786: 770: 769:Crusader kings 767: 765:of the crown. 741: 740: 734: 728: 722: 716: 710: 678: 675: 674: 673: 667: 666: 665: 659: 653: 637: 631: 623: 620: 619: 618: 608: 603: 598: 592: 576: 573: 571: 568: 488: 485: 483: 480: 455:rulers of the 303: 302: 291:(agnatic line) 281: 277: 276: 275:(Cypriot seat) 265: 261: 260: 251: 247: 246: 244: 243: 234: 228:King of Cyprus 225: 216: 207: 198: 188: 186: 182: 181: 176: 172: 171: 168: 164: 163: 158: 154: 153: 150: 146: 145: 139: 135: 134: 128: 124: 123: 77: 73: 72: 66: 58: 57: 48: 47: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 4415: 4404: 4401: 4399: 4396: 4394: 4391: 4389: 4386: 4384: 4381: 4379: 4376: 4374: 4371: 4369: 4366: 4364: 4361: 4360: 4358: 4335: 4332: 4330: 4327: 4325: 4322: 4320: 4317: 4316: 4314: 4310: 4304: 4301: 4299: 4296: 4294: 4291: 4290: 4288: 4284: 4280: 4276: 4271: 4267: 4253: 4250: 4248: 4245: 4243: 4240: 4238: 4235: 4233: 4230: 4228: 4225: 4223: 4220: 4218: 4215: 4213: 4210: 4207: 4204: 4202: 4199: 4197: 4194: 4192: 4189: 4187: 4184: 4182: 4179: 4177: 4174: 4172: 4169: 4168: 4166: 4162: 4158: 4154: 4149: 4145: 4131: 4128: 4126: 4123: 4121: 4118: 4116: 4113: 4111: 4108: 4106: 4103: 4101: 4098: 4096: 4093: 4091: 4088: 4086: 4083: 4081: 4078: 4076: 4073: 4072: 4070: 4066: 4060: 4057: 4055: 4052: 4051: 4049: 4045: 4041: 4037: 4032: 4028: 4024: 4017: 4012: 4010: 4005: 4003: 3998: 3997: 3994: 3982: 3979: 3977: 3974: 3972: 3969: 3967: 3964: 3962: 3959: 3957: 3954: 3952: 3949: 3947: 3944: 3942: 3939: 3937: 3934: 3932: 3929: 3927: 3924: 3922: 3919: 3915: 3912: 3910: 3907: 3905: 3902: 3901: 3899: 3897: 3894: 3892: 3889: 3887: 3884: 3883: 3881: 3879: 3876:Non-reigning 3874: 3868: 3865: 3863: 3860: 3858: 3855: 3853: 3850: 3848: 3845: 3843: 3840: 3838: 3835: 3833: 3832:Liechtenstein 3830: 3828: 3825: 3823: 3820: 3819: 3817: 3813: 3809: 3802: 3797: 3795: 3790: 3788: 3783: 3782: 3779: 3767: 3764: 3762: 3759: 3757: 3754: 3752: 3749: 3748: 3745: 3741: 3737: 3730: 3725: 3723: 3718: 3716: 3711: 3710: 3707: 3691: 3690: 3686: 3679: 3673: 3669: 3660: 3659: 3655: 3648: 3642: 3631: 3630: 3626: 3619: 3613: 3609: 3600: 3599: 3595: 3588: 3582: 3578: 3569: 3568: 3564: 3557: 3551: 3547: 3542: 3541: 3535: 3527: 3523: 3520: 3519: 3514: 3511: 3510: 3506: 3505: 3499: 3494: 3490: 3489: 3476: 3472: 3468: 3464: 3460: 3456: 3449: 3442: 3438: 3434: 3433: 3426: 3420: 3415: 3409: 3404: 3398: 3393: 3378: 3374: 3370: 3369: 3361: 3359: 3352: 3347: 3340: 3334: 3326: 3320: 3312: 3305: 3298: 3292: 3283: 3268: 3262: 3253: 3239: 3235: 3229: 3222: 3217: 3202: 3196: 3192: 3191: 3183: 3175: 3168: 3166: 3164: 3156: 3151: 3143: 3139: 3135: 3128: 3124: 3113: 3109: 3105: 3101: 3097: 3094: 3090: 3085: 3081: 3078: 3075: 3071: 3070: 3065: 3062: 3059: 3055: 3051: 3048: 3045: 3041: 3037: 3034: 3031: 3027: 3024: 3022: 3018: 3014: 3010: 3007: 3003: 3002:Marton Csokas 2999: 2995: 2994: 2990: 2987: 2983: 2980: 2977: 2973: 2969: 2968: 2962: 2960: 2955: 2951: 2944: 2943:Julius Hübner 2940: 2936: 2918: 2912: 2907: 2904: 2898: 2893: 2890: 2884: 2879: 2876: 2875:Mamure Castle 2870: 2865: 2864: 2855: 2849: 2844: 2841: 2835: 2830: 2827: 2821: 2816: 2813: 2807: 2802: 2799: 2793: 2788: 2784: 2778: 2773: 2772: 2763: 2757: 2752: 2749: 2743: 2738: 2735: 2729: 2724: 2721: 2715: 2710: 2707: 2701: 2696: 2695: 2686: 2680: 2675: 2672: 2666: 2661: 2658: 2652: 2647: 2643: 2639: 2638:Tour Mélusine 2633: 2628: 2625: 2621: 2615: 2610: 2609: 2595: 2591: 2587: 2584: 2581: 2577: 2574: 2571: 2567: 2563: 2560: 2557: 2553: 2549: 2545: 2542: 2541: 2540: 2538: 2528: 2526: 2522: 2518: 2515: 2511: 2507: 2497: 2491: 2488: 2485: 2482: 2479: 2476: 2475: 2474: 2464: 2455: 2453: 2449: 2445: 2440: 2438: 2434: 2430: 2426: 2421: 2419: 2415: 2411: 2407: 2403: 2400: 2396: 2392: 2389:John married 2383: 2379: 2377: 2373: 2367: 2363: 2359: 2355: 2353: 2349: 2345: 2341: 2337: 2332: 2329: 2325: 2320: 2318: 2317:city's castle 2314: 2310: 2306: 2302: 2298: 2294: 2290: 2286: 2284: 2278: 2276: 2266: 2264: 2260: 2256: 2251: 2247: 2239: 2235: 2231: 2227: 2223: 2218: 2209: 2206: 2201: 2197: 2193: 2191: 2187: 2183: 2179: 2175: 2171: 2166: 2158: 2153: 2149: 2147: 2143: 2139: 2135: 2131: 2127: 2122: 2118: 2113: 2109: 2107: 2103: 2098: 2093: 2083: 2081: 2077: 2073: 2069: 2061: 2057: 2053: 2044: 2041: 2037: 2033: 2029: 2026:entered into 2025: 2020: 2018: 2014: 2010: 2006: 2001: 1999: 1995: 1991: 1986: 1984: 1980: 1976: 1972: 1968: 1962: 1958: 1946: 1945:Louvre Museum 1942: 1938: 1933: 1922: 1917: 1915: 1910: 1908: 1903: 1902: 1900: 1899: 1896: 1892: 1888: 1885: 1884: 1877: 1874: 1872: 1869: 1867: 1864: 1862: 1859: 1857: 1854: 1853: 1850: 1845: 1844: 1837: 1834: 1832: 1829: 1827: 1824: 1822: 1819: 1817: 1814: 1812: 1809: 1807: 1804: 1802: 1799: 1797: 1794: 1793: 1790: 1785: 1784: 1777: 1774: 1772: 1769: 1767: 1764: 1762: 1759: 1757: 1754: 1752: 1749: 1747: 1744: 1742: 1739: 1737: 1734: 1732: 1729: 1727: 1724: 1723: 1720: 1715: 1714: 1707: 1704: 1702: 1699: 1697: 1694: 1692: 1689: 1687: 1684: 1682: 1679: 1677: 1676:Roman Armenia 1674: 1672: 1669: 1667: 1664: 1662: 1661:Armenia Minor 1659: 1657: 1654: 1653: 1650: 1645: 1644: 1637: 1634: 1632: 1629: 1627: 1624: 1622: 1619: 1617: 1614: 1612: 1609: 1607: 1604: 1602: 1599: 1597: 1594: 1592: 1589: 1587: 1584: 1582: 1579: 1577: 1574: 1573: 1570: 1565: 1564: 1557: 1553: 1552: 1549: 1543: 1542: 1537: 1532: 1531: 1523: 1520: 1518: 1514: 1509: 1505: 1501: 1496: 1494: 1490: 1486: 1482: 1478: 1466: 1461: 1459: 1454: 1452: 1447: 1446: 1444: 1443: 1440: 1430: 1429: 1422: 1419: 1417: 1414: 1412: 1409: 1407: 1404: 1403: 1397: 1396: 1389: 1386: 1384: 1381: 1380: 1377: 1372: 1371: 1364: 1361: 1359: 1356: 1354: 1351: 1349: 1346: 1345: 1342: 1337: 1336: 1329: 1326: 1324: 1321: 1320: 1317: 1312: 1311: 1304: 1301: 1300: 1297: 1292: 1291: 1287: 1283: 1282: 1279: 1273: 1272: 1267: 1262: 1261: 1256: 1251: 1246: 1236: 1234: 1230: 1226: 1222: 1218: 1214: 1210: 1206: 1202: 1197: 1195: 1191: 1187: 1186:Prince Edward 1183: 1179: 1175: 1171: 1167: 1159: 1155: 1150: 1146: 1144: 1140: 1135: 1131: 1128: 1123: 1121: 1117: 1113: 1109: 1105: 1104:John Lackland 1101: 1097: 1093: 1087: 1083: 1079: 1069: 1067: 1062: 1053: 1051: 1046: 1044: 1040: 1036: 1035:Siege of Acre 1032: 1027: 1025: 1021: 1017: 1009: 1005: 1001: 997: 993: 989: 987: 983: 975: 974: 969: 965: 961: 959: 955: 951: 947: 938: 934: 932: 928: 924: 919: 917: 916:Thomas Becket 913: 909: 905: 901: 897: 893: 889: 885: 880: 877: 873: 863: 861: 859: 855:and a former 854: 850: 846: 845:Ibelin family 842: 838: 834: 830: 826: 822: 818: 813: 811: 807: 803: 799: 795: 784: 783:Third Crusade 780: 776: 766: 764: 763: 759:and a common 758: 754: 750: 746: 738: 735: 732: 729: 726: 723: 720: 717: 714: 711: 708: 704: 701: 700: 696: 695:Third Crusade 692: 688: 683: 671: 668: 663: 660: 657: 654: 651: 648: 647: 645: 641: 638: 635: 632: 629: 626: 625: 616: 612: 609: 607: 604: 602: 599: 596: 593: 590: 587: 586: 581: 567: 565: 561: 557: 555: 551: 548:and widow of 547: 543: 539: 535: 531: 526: 524: 520: 516: 512: 508: 500: 498: 493: 479: 477: 473: 468: 466: 462: 458: 454: 450: 447:kings in the 446: 441: 439: 435: 431: 427: 423: 419: 415: 411: 406: 404: 400: 396: 392: 388: 384: 380: 376: 372: 367: 359: 358: 349: 310: 282: 278: 274: 269: 266: 262: 256: 252: 248: 238: 235: 229: 226: 220: 217: 211: 208: 202: 199: 193: 190: 189: 187: 183: 180: 177: 173: 170:None; extinct 169: 165: 162: 159: 155: 151: 147: 143: 140: 136: 133: 129: 125: 122: 118: 113: 101: 89: 78: 74: 70: 64: 59: 56: 53: 49: 45: 38: 33: 19: 4022: 3755: 3736:Royal houses 3685:Ruling house 3683: 3654:Ruling house 3652: 3625:Ruling house 3623: 3594:Ruling house 3592: 3563:Ruling house 3561: 3545: 3538: 3525: 3517: 3502: 3458: 3454: 3448: 3430: 3425: 3414: 3403: 3392: 3380:. Retrieved 3367: 3350: 3346: 3338: 3333: 3310: 3304: 3296: 3291: 3282: 3271:. Retrieved 3261: 3252: 3242:, retrieved 3240:, 2019-08-18 3237: 3228: 3220: 3216: 3204:. Retrieved 3189: 3182: 3173: 3154: 3150: 3141: 3137: 3127: 3107: 3103: 3067: 3053: 2991: 2956: 2952: 2948: 2925:In mythology 2785:Royal Palace 2734:Kerak Castle 2594:patron saint 2590:Saint Blaise 2534: 2521:Grand Master 2503: 2495: 2472: 2462: 2441: 2437:Pope Pius II 2422: 2388: 2368: 2364: 2360: 2356: 2333: 2321: 2295: 2291: 2287: 2279: 2272: 2243: 2202: 2198: 2194: 2162: 2117:Pope Urban V 2114: 2110: 2105: 2095: 2065: 2021: 2002: 1987: 1982: 1964: 1940: 1611:Arme–Shupria 1521: 1500:Santa Sophia 1497: 1474: 1198: 1163: 1124: 1091: 1089: 1059: 1047: 1028: 1013: 1003: 981: 979: 971: 943: 926: 920: 894:(sister and 881: 869: 857: 814: 791: 760: 742: 558: 527: 504: 495: 469: 442: 422:cadet branch 407: 308: 306: 273:Royal Palace 254: 167:Current head 152:10th century 55:royal family 43: 4334:Charlotte I 4120:Charlotte I 3847:Netherlands 3751:Plantagenet 3540:Royal house 3524:W. Stubbs, 3337:Sire, Paul 3054:On Kingship 3021:Nadia Lotfi 2556:Mount Sinai 2514:self-styled 2418:Chamberlain 1983:On Kingship 1719:Middle Ages 1606:Hayasa-Azzi 1545:History of 1421:Earthquakes 1411:Ancient art 1296:Prehistoric 1275:History of 1160:of Lusignan 1008:Jan Lievens 739:(died 1314) 733:(died 1308) 727:(died 1303) 721:(died 1270) 715:(died 1250) 693:during the 689:granted by 636:(died 1151) 371:royal house 280:Dissolution 241:(1342–1464) 232:(1192–1474) 214:(1246–1309) 205:(1199–1309) 175:Final ruler 4357:Categories 3951:Montenegro 3878:pretenders 3837:Luxembourg 3693:1362–1467 3662:1342–1344 3633:1268–1474 3602:1192–1474 3571:1186–1192 3509:Endnotes: 3441:1449966314 3273:2012-08-11 3244:2020-05-11 3119:References 3011:The movie 2311:, Kellia, 2309:Dromolaxia 2178:Alexandria 1985:for Hugh. 1955:See also: 1849:Modern age 1569:Prehistory 1158:difference 1072:In England 982:Haute Cour 597:(died 967) 449:Latin East 4252:James III 4242:Charlotte 4130:James III 3946:Lithuania 3914:Bonaparte 3647:Hethumids 3475:1742-2043 3377:952177109 3319:cite book 3238:Knowledge 3040:Decameron 2986:Starbucks 2917:Yılankale 2903:Kızkalesi 2783:Famagusta 2692:Jerusalem 2406:Charlotte 2313:Aradippou 2170:Famagusta 2080:Gosdantin 2036:Holy Land 1895:Etymology 1691:Commagene 1649:Antiquity 1328:Roman Era 1209:Edward II 1166:Henry III 1139:Henry III 986:Baldwin V 976:, c.1490. 948:provoked 912:Holy Land 904:Philip II 860:or regent 825:Jerusalem 802:Jerusalem 798:Hugh VIII 725:Hugh XIII 697:(1189–92) 640:Hugh VIII 570:In France 560:Hugh XIII 540:married 534:Angoulême 530:La Marche 499:(1412/16) 438:Angoulême 387:Jerusalem 264:Estate(s) 179:James III 127:Etymology 4373:Crusades 4286:Reigning 4247:James II 4222:Peter II 4201:Henry II 4191:Hugh III 4164:Reigning 4125:James II 4095:Peter II 4085:Henry II 4059:Aimery I 4047:Reigning 3961:Portugal 3896:Bulgaria 3815:Reigning 3756:Lusignan 3084:Melusine 3082:recasts 3074:Melusina 3004:playing 2982:Melusine 2939:Melusine 2930:Melusine 2570:Melusine 2548:Crusades 2506:Maronite 2466:— 2340:Egyptian 2283:Limassol 2255:Mameluks 2220:Tomb of 2005:epilepsy 1975:Conradin 1887:Timeline 1536:a series 1534:Part of 1406:Timeline 1341:Medieval 1303:Alashiya 1266:a series 1264:Part of 1231:founded 1205:Scotland 1134:Mirebeau 1127:overlord 1120:Normandy 1066:Ayyubids 1024:Damascus 762:appanage 749:Fougères 719:Hugh XII 656:Raoul II 634:Hugh VII 601:Hugh III 523:Melusine 519:folklore 511:Poitiers 461:Armenian 453:Hethumid 445:Crusader 410:Lusignan 381:and the 369:) was a 357:-zin-yon 144:, France 52:Crusader 18:Lusignan 4319:James I 4312:Titular 4237:John II 4227:James I 4217:Peter I 4212:Hugh IV 4206:Amalric 4186:Hugh II 4181:Henry I 4105:James I 4100:Peter I 4090:Hugh IV 4080:John II 4068:Titular 3966:Romania 3936:Hanover 3926:Germany 3921:Georgia 3909:Orléans 3904:Bourbon 3900:France 3886:Albania 3827:Denmark 3822:Belgium 3761:Ottoman 3687:of the 3656:of the 3627:of the 3596:of the 3565:of the 3114:series. 2889:Corycus 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