20:
1160:
249:...is a vernacular, or to put it more clearly, is a vocabulary of popular speech in Buenos Aires that spread first throughout the entire River Plate area and later to the whole country... The use of this lexicon reminds speakers of their identity but also of their roots... Lunfardo is possibly the only argot that was originally formed, and in great measure, from Italian immigrant terms.
110:, mainly Italian and Spanish, which arrived in the ports of the region since the end of the 19th century. It was originally a slang used by criminals and soon by other people of the lower and lower-middle classes. Later, many of its words and phrases were introduced in the vernacular and disseminated in the
1032:
A rarer feature of Porteño speech that can make it completely unintelligible is the random addition of suffixes with no particular meaning, usually making common words sound reminiscent of
Italian surnames, for no particular reason, but playful language. These endings include
241:
Conde takes the view that the
Lunfardo is not so much a dialect but a kind of local language of the Italian immigrants, mixed with Spanish and some French words. He believes that Lunfardo is not a criminal slang, since most Lunfardo words are not related to crime.
725:- appellative to introduce a conversational intervention or to call out, translatable as "hey!", "listen to me!", "so", "as I was telling you!" and other ways of addressing someone. The expression identifies Argentines to other Spanish speakers, thus
814:
is a standard
Spanish verb (originally meaning "to extricate oneself") that had fallen out of use and was restored to everyday Buenos Aires speech in the 1970s by students, with the meaning of "barely passing (an
863:
Many new terms had spread from specific areas of the dynamic Buenos Aires cultural scene: invented by screenwriters, used around the arts-and-crafts fair in Plaza
Francia, culled from the vocabulary of
199:
Today, many
Lunfardo terms have entered the language spoken all over Argentina and Uruguay, although a great number of Lunfardo words have fallen into disuse or have been modified in the era of
267:
Tango lyrics use
Lunfardo sparsely, but some songs (such as "El Ciruja"âLunfardo for "The Hobo" or "The Bum"âor most lyrics by Celedonio Flores) employ Lunfardo heavily. "Milonga Lunfarda" by
153:
for short) began as prison slang in the late 19th century so guards would not understand prisoners. According to Oscar Conde, the word came from "lumbardo" (the inhabitants of the region
264:
sentences, but grammar and pronunciation do not change. Thus, an average
Spanish-speaking person reading tango lyrics will need, at most, the translation of a discrete set of words.
764:
have a link to the argot of the old underworld, to tango lyrics, or to racetrack slang. Others maintain that the colloquial language of Buenos Aires is lunfardo by definition.
161:, the origin of most of the Italians in Argentina in the early 20th century). However, the vernacular Spanish of mid-19th century Buenos Aires as preserved in the dialogue of
1143:
1120:
2162:
1688:
3718:
297:
122:. Nevertheless, since the early 20th century, Lunfardo has spread among all social strata and classes by habitual use or because it was common in the lyrics of
2575:
1282:
760:
Since the 1970s, it is a matter of debate whether newer additions to the slang of Buenos Aires qualify as lunfardo. Traditionalists argue that lunfardo
2348:
3919:
1308:
4384:
3563:
3478:
234:
that reached a minimum level of acceptance is considered, by default, a
Lunfardo term. The original slang has been immortalized in numerous
3679:
1681:
181:
Most sources believe that
Lunfardo originated among criminals, and later became more commonly used by other classes. Circa 1870, the word
3711:
1479:
1411:
1246:
203:. Furthermore, the term "Lunfardo" has become synonymous with "speech of Buenos Aires" or "Porteño", mainly of the inhabitants of the
4617:
3799:
1674:
3704:
1653:
3267:
2848:
3826:
2341:
1850:
1569:
1224:
4253:
211:. The Montevideo speech has almost as much "Lunfardo slang" as the Buenos Aires speech. Conde says that Lunfardo (much like
3912:
107:
4187:
3359:
2998:
1621:
1357:"'El lunfardo es un fenĂłmeno lingĂŒĂstico Ășnico' | Oscar Conde, poeta, ensayista y estudioso del habla popular argentina"
786:(lit. "to tan leather") â "to deal with it", "to dig", "to be knowledgeable about", "to be involved in". Also "to fuck".
4627:
4622:
4377:
3447:
2808:
1637:
19:
3409:
2980:
1903:
3251:
2334:
1744:
1423:
1356:
4632:
3905:
2747:
2705:
1869:
1697:
1611:
4637:
4370:
4110:
4105:
4019:
3831:
527:â "kid", a common term for boy or, in more recent times, for young man. It comes from Italian word "pivello".
4120:
3804:
2064:
4322:
4260:
3762:
2519:
1014:
Some
Italian linguists, because of the Cocoliche influences, argue that the Lunfardo can be considered a
888:. Many Cocoliche words were transferred to Lunfardo in the first half of the 20th century. For example:
1270:
4197:
4174:
3757:
3752:
215:) can be considered a kind of Italian dialect mixed with Spanish words, specifically the one spoken in
32:
1128:
1105:
4612:
4125:
3340:
3279:
2045:
1451:
4130:
3794:
3747:
3539:
3075:
3069:
2959:
1792:
1495:
1629:
1437:
628:
4607:
4568:
4338:
3063:
2963:
1666:
4642:
4162:
3928:
3057:
2951:
2768:
1842:
79:
originated and developed in the late 19th and early 20th centuries in the lower classes in the
4157:
4602:
3626:
1721:
1476:
1250:
1214:
836:("translator", referring specifically to a person who accosts foreigners and lures them into
162:
4423:
4393:
4182:
4048:
3376:
3289:
2790:
1886:
1777:
208:
204:
106:
Lunfardo originated from the mixture of languages and dialects produced due to the massive
92:
223:
of the Italian dialects spoken by immigrants in the areas of Buenos Aires and Montevideo.
8:
4529:
4310:
4287:
2078:
1881:
1805:
1782:
972:
804:
can mean a firearm or anything related to metals and mechanics (for example a racing car)
602:
261:
111:
96:
4295:
4115:
3366:
1951:
1407:
4440:
4144:
4097:
4030:
4002:
3841:
3772:
3632:
2955:
2122:
2113:
2096:
2039:
1984:
1978:
1832:
1820:
1810:
1772:
1726:
1593:
721:
346:) and is related to the verb "barajar", which means to cut or shuffle a deck of cards.
166:
4461:
4082:
4070:
4057:
80:
4407:
4087:
3942:
3441:
3129:
3040:
2914:
2842:
2610:
2132:
2091:
2012:
1945:
1767:
1754:
1565:
1220:
986:- "to walk around (generally in circles)", "to ramble aimlessly", etc. (from Italian
885:
734:
654:
4447:
4218:
4192:
2026:
1875:
1855:
1247:"Lunfardo history, with historical accounts in newspapers of the nineteenth century"
4493:
4483:
4454:
4275:
4152:
4076:
4038:
4007:
3995:
3987:
3968:
3963:
3958:
3854:
3816:
3809:
3779:
3767:
3727:
3386:
2885:
2820:
2178:
2127:
2058:
1921:
1911:
1815:
1800:
1716:
1701:
1585:
1380:
Oscar Conde: Lunfardo. Un estudio sobre el habla popular de los argentinos; pĂĄg. 43
1165:
1021:
990:, "to turn", "to tour"). Usually "yiro" or "yira" is used to refer to a prostitute.
951:
924:
730:
700:
665:
658:
641:
595:
338:
Finally, there are words that are derived from others in Spanish, such as the verb
187:
72:
55:
2210:
4508:
4488:
4248:
4223:
4213:
4064:
3789:
3579:
3513:
3392:
3273:
3125:
3119:
3113:
2986:
2875:
2852:
2802:
2421:
2157:
1998:
1932:
1926:
1893:
1731:
1483:
830:
681:
678:
293:
200:
3696:
3638:
4647:
4583:
4353:
4270:
3879:
3849:
3784:
3352:
3305:
3299:
3293:
3186:
3087:
2932:
2879:
2836:
2824:
2796:
2741:
2710:
2409:
2386:
2200:
2190:
1916:
1194:
865:
841:
268:
3874:
3334:
3180:
975:
365:
4596:
3821:
3217:
3192:
3147:
2551:
2357:
2315:
1762:
1283:"Lunfardo: conocé de dónde vienen muchas de las palabras que usamos a diario"
3346:
3223:
2531:
1826:
4503:
4300:
3285:
2374:
2251:
1965:
837:
84:
36:
3551:
2902:
1645:
1332:
Conde. "Un estudio sobre el habla popular de los argentinos". Introduction
3897:
3685:
3141:
3034:
3011:
2735:
2569:
2216:
726:
235:
123:
4552:
4305:
3507:
3322:
2302:
1584:(1). American Association of Teachers of Spanish and Portuguese: 66â68.
1309:"DĂa del lunfardo: por quĂ© la "voz de la calle" estĂĄ mĂĄs viva que nunca"
1181:
854:
4362:
3472:
3431:
3229:
3213:
2908:
2830:
2547:
2261:
2231:
1576:
Grayson, John D. (March 1964). "Lunfardo, Argentina's Unknown Tongue".
1188:
285:
216:
88:
1597:
810:â "to scrape out of", "to get off the hook", "to barely get by", etc.
4243:
3869:
3859:
3742:
3673:
3596:
3529:
3519:
3490:
3425:
3170:
3164:
3107:
3028:
2992:
2926:
2920:
2784:
2764:
2697:
2638:
2628:
2537:
2508:
2498:
2492:
2486:
2462:
2456:
2450:
2415:
2282:
2241:
2224:
1174:
877:
738:
275:
231:
227:
212:
154:
115:
40:
3557:
2148:
3669:
3648:
3545:
3466:
3437:
3419:
3328:
3261:
3257:
3235:
3103:
2869:
2814:
2778:
2774:
2729:
2693:
2669:
2663:
2657:
2651:
2622:
2616:
2606:
2599:
2581:
2563:
2557:
2525:
2514:
2480:
2474:
2468:
2444:
2438:
2397:
2393:
2380:
2138:
1589:
1520:
1098:
792:
can mean both "to be into car mechanics" or "to be into firearms".
542:
534:
64:
28:
1696:
4513:
3665:
3644:
3609:
3602:
3523:
3415:
3380:
3209:
3135:
3099:
3091:
3081:
3005:
2687:
2644:
2632:
2593:
2587:
2543:
2504:
2403:
2326:
2195:
2184:
1616:
1312:
533:â "racket", "ruckus", "mess"; also slang for "brothel" (from the
119:
100:
91:) and from there spread to other urban areas nearby, such as the
4478:
3484:
2681:
2675:
1496:"Todotango.com - TĂ©rmino: yira de nuestro Diccionario Lunfardo"
1016:
881:
391:- "face", and by extension "appearance", "looks" (from Italian
332:
289:
138:
1661:
191:
in several Italian dialects) was often used to mean "outlaw".
4534:
4315:
1562:
Lunfardo: Un estudio sobre el habla popular de los argentinos
1477:
Cocoliche e Lunfardo: l'italiano dell'Argentina (in Italian).
849:
695:
613:
563:
455:
433:
377:
324:
284:(from " revés"), reversing the syllables, similar to English
280:
271:
is an instructive and entertaining primer on Lunfardo usage.
158:
134:
76:
601:, "to fuck", but also used in modern European and Brazilian
344:
to stop your opponent's blows with the blade of your knife
1342:
706:, "Do you understand?") associated to the Spanish verb
342:, which means to stop a situation or a person (such as
1271:
Definition of the word "Lunfardo"according to the RAE.
1131:
1108:
627:â "to look closely", "to check out"/ "to know" (from
1216:
Slang across Societies: Motivations and Construction
1155:
2420:
Malay+Chinese+Javanese+Sundanese+Arabic+Dutch
1546:Italiano e spagnolo a contatto nel Rio de La Plata
1137:
1114:
481:â "chick", "broad" (from the Brazilian Portuguese
363:â "snitch", informer to the law (from the Spanish
260:Lunfardo words are inserted in the normal flow of
3726:
327:, who "works all day long without being paid" or
4594:
3370:
2734:South Sudan local languages
2266:(Portuguese-based creole with Spanish influence)
1554:
747:- "look out!", "be careful!" (from the Italian
551:â a heavyset guy. It comes from the Portuguese
411:â "laziness", or lazy person (from the Italian
1424:"Lunfardo: What do "garpar" and "garpe" mean?"
4378:
3913:
3712:
3272:Chinese+Javanese+Sundanese+Arabic+Dutch
2342:
1682:
1622:"Lunfardo, a Survivors Guide to Buenos Aires"
1306:
1452:""The 'che' is not Argentine" (in Spanish)"
871:
274:A characteristic of Lunfardo is its use of
4385:
4371:
3927:
3920:
3906:
3719:
3705:
2349:
2335:
1689:
1675:
780:(lit. "mace" or "sledgehammer") â "superb"
2373:Cameroon Pidgin+French+English
1617:"Porteño Spanish â Learn Argentine Slang"
1307:AmuchĂĄstegui, Irene (September 5, 2018).
4392:
1412:Diccionario de la Real Academia Española
1354:
774:(lit. "tires") â "tits", woman's breasts
83:region (encompassing the port cities of
18:
1575:
401:"affair", "business" (from the Italian
4595:
1518:
173:) is already a prototype of Lunfardo.
4366:
3901:
3700:
2330:
1670:
1612:"Lunfardo: The Slang of Buenos Aires"
1521:"gira | Diccionario de americanismos"
1343:https://es.wikisource.org/El_Matadero
1341:The story may be read on Wikisource:
1212:
54:
1219:. Taylor & Francis. p. 49.
693:â "to understand", "to get a grip" (
207:, as well as its surrounding areas,
185:itself (originally a deformation of
319:Lunfardo employs metaphors such as
133:has been extended to designate any
13:
2402:Hebrew+Aramaic+German+Slavic
2356:
1564:. Buenos Aires: Ediciones Taurus.
1548:UniversitĂ di Milano. Milano, 2006
1355:Schijman, BĂĄrbara (2 April 2018).
901:- "mushroom" â in Lunfardo: "hat"
255:
27:(Lunfardo term meaning "thieves")
14:
4659:
3538:Gallo-Italic languages
3351:Gallo-Italic languages
2950:American Sign Language
2392:English+Chinese+Malay+Tamil
2385:Italian+Spanish+French+Arab
1605:
829:, which in turn derives from the
800:("iron"). In Argentine parlance,
219:. In other words, Lunfardo is an
194:
4618:Italian language in the Americas
3736:Italian languages & dialects
3252:Malay trade and creole languages
1630:"CheViste â Lunfardo Dictionary"
1158:
1138:{\displaystyle \longrightarrow }
1115:{\displaystyle \longrightarrow }
714:
594:â "to fool someone" (maybe from
584:â "to think something up" (from
16:Argot of Buenos Aires, Argentina
3391:Southeast Asian languages
2748:Jordanian Bengali Pidgin Arabic
2408:Chinese+Mongolian+Tibetan
1538:
1512:
1488:
1470:
1444:
1430:
1416:
1401:
1392:
1383:
907:- "wind" â in Lunfardo: "money"
859:something made fake on purpose.
755:
129:Today, the meaning of the term
3358:HunsrĂŒckisch German
2706:English-based creole languages
1525:«Diccionario de americanismos»
1374:
1348:
1335:
1326:
1300:
1275:
1264:
1239:
1206:
1132:
1109:
767:Some examples of modern talk:
741:origins have been propounded).
1:
2414:Chinese+Tagalog+English
2005:Los Llanos Colombia/Venezuela
1662:Academia Porteña del Lunfardo
1200:
555:or the Italian "orso" (bear).
489:, "girl" or from the Italian
453:â "heat", as in hot weather (
245:According to Conde, Lunfardo
3528:Italian languages
3362:(when Portuguese-influenced)
3355:(when Portuguese-influenced)
3074:Romance languages
3068:Iranian languages
3062:Aramaic languages
3001:(when Portuguese-influenced)
2379:Bengali+Persian+Arabic
1555:General and cited references
653:â "to eat"/ "to know" (from
369:, in turn slang for "mouth")
176:
7:
3256:English+Chinese+Tamil
3056:Arabic languages
1151:
1027:
876:Lunfardo was influenced by
796:is the Old Spanish form of
499:- "nose" (from the Italian
415:, "laziness, sluggishness")
349:
10:
4664:
4254:Argentinien-schwyzertĂŒtsch
3365:Bantu languages
3280:Sri Lankan Malay
2295:Coastal Argentina, Uruguay
2163:spoken by Catalan speakers
1096:, among others. Examples:
1006:- "exactly" (from Italian
996:- "cheers!" (from Italian
936:- "to work" (from Italian
913:- "morning" (from Italian
825:is from old Spanish slang
421:- "leg" (from the Italian
39:, during protests against
4628:Italian-Uruguayan culture
4623:Italian-Argentine culture
4577:
4561:
4545:
4522:
4471:
4432:
4416:
4400:
4347:
4331:
4286:
4236:
4206:
4173:
4143:
4096:
4047:
4029:
4018:
3986:
3977:
3951:
3935:
3888:
3840:
3735:
3657:
3618:
3588:
3572:
3499:
3456:
3401:
3314:
3244:
3201:
3156:
3049:
3020:
2972:
2941:
2894:
2861:
2773:English+Malay+Tamil
2756:
2721:
2430:
2364:
2274:
2171:
2109:
1972:Central western Argentina
1902:
1841:
1791:
1753:
1740:
1709:
1438:"The Meaning of 'Morfar'"
821:â "counterfeit", "fake";
425:"leg"). Also "100 pesos".
144:
4188:Eastern Bolivian GuaranĂ
3076:Judaeo-Romance languages
3070:Judaeo-Iranian languages
2960:Philippine Sign Language
1638:Diccionario del lunfardo
1627:(In English and Spanish)
872:Influence from Cocoliche
852:"), or from the Italian
575:
354:
4569:Uruguayan Sign Language
4339:Argentine Sign Language
3483:Norwegian+Swedish
3477:Norwegian+Spanish
3471:Norwegian+Russian
3333:Italian languages
3064:Judeo-Aramaic languages
2964:Malaysian Sign Language
2795:Mongolian+Tibetan
2052:Colombia-Ecuador border
957:negative particle like
844:derives this word from
611:â "to pay with money" (
4633:Languages of Argentina
3929:Languages of Argentina
3371:
3058:Judeo-Arabic languages
2952:Bolivian Sign Language
2769:Chinese Pidgin English
1698:Dialects and varieties
1139:
1116:
253:
141:used in Buenos Aires.
52:Spanish pronunciation:
44:
4121:WichĂ LhamtĂ©s GĂŒisnay
3595:Chinese+English
3489:Swedish+English
3278:Sinhalese+Tamil
2819:Inter-topolects
2783:English+Tagalog
2461:Chinese+Tagalog
1560:Conde, Oscar (2011).
1140:
1117:
727:Ernesto "Che" Guevara
247:
221:interlanguage variety
22:
4638:Languages of Uruguay
4433:Indigenous languages
4424:Uruguayan Portuguese
4394:Languages of Uruguay
4126:Wichà Lhamtés Nocten
3465:Danish+English
3335:Macaronic Portuguese
3290:North Moluccan Malay
3181:Macaronic Portuguese
2847:Malay+Javanese
2576:Manglish (Malayalam)
1129:
1106:
209:Greater Buenos Aires
205:City of Buenos Aires
108:European immigration
93:Greater Buenos Aires
4523:Dialects of Spanish
4131:Wichà Lhamtés Vejoz
3347:Dekasegi Portuguese
3329:Porglish/Portuglish
3224:Dekasegi Portuguese
971:- "bad luck" (from
950:- "nothing!" (from
509:â "1,000,000 pesos"
262:Rioplatense Spanish
59:; from the Italian
56:[luɱËfaÉŸĂ°o]
4472:Minority languages
4417:Regional languages
4401:Official languages
4237:Minority languages
3952:Regional languages
3936:Official languages
3842:Pidgin & Mixed
3633:Canadian Ukrainian
3508:Portuñol/Portunhol
3341:Bengali Portuguese
3323:Portuñol/Portunhol
2956:Thai Sign Language
2931:Gallo-Italic
2746:Jordanian+Bengali
1939:Chiloé Archipelago
1654:Lunfardo's history
1482:2016-02-22 at the
1458:. 14 February 2013
1440:. 24 January 2012.
1426:. 27 October 2015.
1287:www.cultura.gob.ar
1213:Davie, J. (2018).
1135:
1112:
886:Italian immigrants
640:â "to work" (from
167:The Slaughter Yard
163:Esteban EcheverrĂa
45:
4590:
4589:
4584:extinct languages
4360:
4359:
4354:extinct languages
4288:Regional dialects
4232:
4231:
4139:
4138:
4111:Iyojwa'ja Chorote
4106:Iyo'wujwa Chorote
3895:
3894:
3694:
3693:
3552:Frespañol/Fragnol
3442:Solombala English
3377:Gira da Tabatinga
3304:Makassarese
3041:Cappadocian Greek
2915:Meridional French
2903:Frespañol/Fragnol
2843:Tangwang language
2621:Singaporean
2611:Solombala English
2324:
2323:
2310:
2296:
2267:
2257:
2247:
2237:
2220:
2154:
2144:
2105:
2104:
2086:
2085:Coastal Argentina
2072:
2053:
2034:
2020:
2006:
1992:
1973:
1959:
1958:Central Argentina
1940:
1865:
1646:Defining Lunfardo
1570:978-987-04-1762-0
1500:www.todotango.com
1226:978-1-351-36463-8
1123:milanga, cuaderno
677:â "to eat" (from
543:Maroon settlement
447:â "money", "dole"
323:("dumb") for the
312:(coffee) becomes
292:, Serbo-Croatian
63:or inhabitant of
31:on the wall of a
4655:
4613:City colloquials
4387:
4380:
4373:
4364:
4363:
4276:Patagonian Welsh
4153:Southern Quechua
4027:
4026:
3984:
3983:
3922:
3915:
3908:
3899:
3898:
3855:Italian Eritrean
3728:Italian language
3721:
3714:
3707:
3698:
3697:
3625:Belarusian
3506:Portuguese
3424:Belarusian
3387:Judeo-Portuguese
3374:
3222:Portuguese
3179:Portuguese
2997:Portuguese
2680:Vietnamese
2598:Portuguese
2351:
2344:
2337:
2328:
2327:
2308:
2294:
2265:
2256:(mixed language)
2255:
2245:
2235:
2214:
2152:
2142:
2084:
2070:
2051:
2032:
2018:
2004:
1990:
1971:
1957:
1938:
1859:
1751:
1750:
1691:
1684:
1677:
1668:
1667:
1660:
1652:
1644:
1636:
1628:
1601:
1549:
1542:
1536:
1535:
1533:
1532:
1516:
1510:
1509:
1507:
1506:
1492:
1486:
1474:
1468:
1467:
1465:
1463:
1448:
1442:
1441:
1434:
1428:
1427:
1420:
1414:
1405:
1399:
1396:
1390:
1387:
1381:
1378:
1372:
1371:
1369:
1368:
1352:
1346:
1339:
1333:
1330:
1324:
1323:
1321:
1319:
1304:
1298:
1297:
1295:
1294:
1279:
1273:
1268:
1262:
1261:
1259:
1258:
1249:. Archived from
1243:
1237:
1236:
1234:
1233:
1210:
1168:
1166:Argentina portal
1163:
1162:
1161:
1144:
1142:
1141:
1136:
1121:
1119:
1118:
1113:
1022:Italian language
729:for the Cubans (
561:â "Uruguayan", (
331:("snorter") for
58:
53:
4663:
4662:
4658:
4657:
4656:
4654:
4653:
4652:
4593:
4592:
4591:
4586:
4573:
4557:
4541:
4518:
4467:
4428:
4412:
4396:
4391:
4361:
4356:
4343:
4327:
4282:
4228:
4202:
4169:
4135:
4092:
4043:
4021:
4014:
3979:
3973:
3947:
3931:
3926:
3896:
3891:
3884:
3836:
3731:
3725:
3695:
3690:
3653:
3614:
3584:
3580:Te Parau Tinito
3568:
3562:Norwegian
3514:Belgranodeutsch
3495:
3458:
3452:
3430:Norwegian
3414:Ukrainian
3410:Deutschrussisch
3397:
3393:Macanese Patois
3367:CafundĂł dialect
3310:
3268:Baba Malay
3240:
3197:
3152:
3120:Judeo-Malayalam
3118:Malayalam
3114:Judaeo-Georgian
3045:
3016:
2987:Belgranodeutsch
2981:Deutschrussisch
2968:
2943:
2937:
2890:
2857:
2849:Baba Malay
2803:Hezhou language
2752:
2717:
2580:Malaysian
2574:Malayalam
2524:Hungarian
2426:
2366:
2360:
2355:
2325:
2320:
2309:Central America
2270:
2167:
2111:
2101:
1991:Coastal Ecuador
1898:
1837:
1793:Central America
1787:
1742:
1736:
1710:Africa and Asia
1705:
1695:
1658:
1650:
1642:
1634:
1626:
1608:
1557:
1552:
1544:A. Cancellier.
1543:
1539:
1530:
1528:
1517:
1513:
1504:
1502:
1494:
1493:
1489:
1484:Wayback Machine
1475:
1471:
1461:
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1449:
1445:
1436:
1435:
1431:
1422:
1421:
1417:
1406:
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1397:
1393:
1388:
1384:
1379:
1375:
1366:
1364:
1353:
1349:
1340:
1336:
1331:
1327:
1317:
1315:
1305:
1301:
1292:
1290:
1281:
1280:
1276:
1269:
1265:
1256:
1254:
1245:
1244:
1240:
1231:
1229:
1227:
1211:
1207:
1203:
1164:
1159:
1157:
1154:
1130:
1127:
1126:
1107:
1104:
1103:
1030:
923:- "girl" (from
874:
758:
717:
578:
521:â a young woman
469:â "1,000 pesos"
375:â "young man" (
357:
352:
258:
256:Characteristics
250:
201:suburbanization
197:
179:
165:'s short story
147:
81:RĂo de la Plata
51:
17:
12:
11:
5:
4661:
4651:
4650:
4645:
4640:
4635:
4630:
4625:
4620:
4615:
4610:
4608:Cant languages
4605:
4588:
4587:
4578:
4575:
4574:
4572:
4571:
4565:
4563:
4562:Sign languages
4559:
4558:
4556:
4555:
4549:
4547:
4546:Interlanguages
4543:
4542:
4540:
4539:
4538:
4537:
4526:
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4520:
4519:
4517:
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4511:
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4427:
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4414:
4413:
4411:
4410:
4404:
4402:
4398:
4397:
4390:
4389:
4382:
4375:
4367:
4358:
4357:
4348:
4345:
4344:
4342:
4341:
4335:
4333:
4332:Sign languages
4329:
4328:
4326:
4325:
4320:
4319:
4318:
4308:
4303:
4298:
4292:
4290:
4284:
4283:
4281:
4280:
4279:
4278:
4268:
4263:
4258:
4257:
4256:
4246:
4240:
4238:
4234:
4233:
4230:
4229:
4227:
4226:
4221:
4216:
4210:
4208:
4204:
4203:
4201:
4200:
4195:
4190:
4185:
4179:
4177:
4171:
4170:
4168:
4167:
4166:
4165:
4163:South Bolivian
4160:
4149:
4147:
4141:
4140:
4137:
4136:
4134:
4133:
4128:
4123:
4118:
4113:
4108:
4102:
4100:
4094:
4093:
4091:
4090:
4085:
4080:
4073:
4068:
4061:
4053:
4051:
4045:
4044:
4042:
4041:
4035:
4033:
4024:
4016:
4015:
4013:
4012:
4005:
4000:
3992:
3990:
3981:
3975:
3974:
3972:
3971:
3966:
3961:
3955:
3953:
3949:
3948:
3946:
3945:
3939:
3937:
3933:
3932:
3925:
3924:
3917:
3910:
3902:
3893:
3892:
3889:
3886:
3885:
3883:
3882:
3877:
3872:
3867:
3862:
3857:
3852:
3846:
3844:
3838:
3837:
3835:
3834:
3829:
3824:
3819:
3814:
3813:
3812:
3802:
3797:
3792:
3787:
3782:
3777:
3776:
3775:
3770:
3760:
3755:
3750:
3745:
3739:
3737:
3733:
3732:
3724:
3723:
3716:
3709:
3701:
3692:
3691:
3689:
3688:
3682:
3676:
3661:
3659:
3655:
3654:
3652:
3651:
3641:
3635:
3629:
3622:
3620:
3616:
3615:
3613:
3612:
3606:
3599:
3592:
3590:
3586:
3585:
3583:
3582:
3576:
3574:
3570:
3569:
3567:
3566:
3560:
3554:
3548:
3544:Galician
3542:
3536:
3526:
3516:
3510:
3503:
3501:
3497:
3496:
3494:
3493:
3487:
3481:
3475:
3469:
3462:
3460:
3454:
3453:
3451:
3450:
3444:
3434:
3428:
3422:
3412:
3405:
3403:
3399:
3398:
3396:
3395:
3389:
3383:
3363:
3356:
3349:
3345:Japanese
3343:
3337:
3331:
3325:
3318:
3316:
3312:
3311:
3309:
3308:
3306:Makassar Malay
3302:
3296:
3294:Ambonese Malay
3282:
3276:
3270:
3264:
3254:
3248:
3246:
3242:
3241:
3239:
3238:
3232:
3226:
3220:
3205:
3203:
3199:
3198:
3196:
3195:
3189:
3187:Fiuman dialect
3185:Croatian
3183:
3177:
3167:
3160:
3158:
3154:
3153:
3151:
3150:
3144:
3138:
3132:
3122:
3116:
3112:Georgian
3110:
3096:
3095:
3094:
3088:Judaeo-Spanish
3084:
3072:
3066:
3060:
3053:
3051:
3047:
3046:
3044:
3043:
3037:
3031:
3024:
3022:
3018:
3017:
3015:
3014:
3008:
3002:
2995:
2989:
2983:
2976:
2974:
2970:
2969:
2967:
2966:
2947:
2945:
2939:
2938:
2936:
2935:
2933:Franco-Italian
2929:
2923:
2917:
2911:
2907:Japanese
2905:
2898:
2896:
2892:
2891:
2889:
2888:
2884:Javanese
2882:
2872:
2865:
2863:
2859:
2858:
2856:
2855:
2845:
2839:
2837:Maojia dialect
2833:
2827:
2825:Shaozhou Tuhua
2817:
2813:Japanese
2811:
2805:
2799:
2797:Wutun language
2793:
2787:
2781:
2771:
2760:
2758:
2754:
2753:
2751:
2750:
2744:
2742:Cypriot Arabic
2738:
2732:
2725:
2723:
2719:
2718:
2716:
2715:
2714:
2713:
2711:Englishization
2708:
2700:
2690:
2684:
2678:
2672:
2666:
2660:
2654:
2648:
2641:
2635:
2625:
2619:
2615:Sicilian
2613:
2603:
2596:
2590:
2584:
2578:
2572:
2566:
2560:
2554:
2542:Japanese
2540:
2534:
2528:
2522:
2520:Hong Kong
2517:
2511:
2501:
2495:
2489:
2483:
2477:
2471:
2465:
2459:
2453:
2447:
2441:
2434:
2432:
2428:
2427:
2425:
2424:
2418:
2412:
2410:Wutun language
2406:
2400:
2390:
2383:
2377:
2370:
2368:
2362:
2361:
2358:Interlanguages
2354:
2353:
2346:
2339:
2331:
2322:
2321:
2319:
2318:
2313:
2312:
2311:
2299:
2298:
2297:
2278:
2276:
2272:
2271:
2269:
2268:
2258:
2248:
2238:
2228:
2221:
2207:
2206:
2205:
2204:
2203:
2201:Tetuani Ladino
2191:Judaeo-Spanish
2188:
2181:
2175:
2173:
2169:
2168:
2166:
2165:
2160:
2155:
2145:
2135:
2130:
2125:
2119:
2117:
2107:
2106:
2103:
2102:
2100:
2099:
2094:
2089:
2088:
2087:
2075:
2074:
2073:
2061:
2056:
2055:
2054:
2042:
2037:
2036:
2035:
2023:
2022:
2021:
2009:
2008:
2007:
1995:
1994:
1993:
1981:
1976:
1975:
1974:
1962:
1961:
1960:
1948:
1943:
1942:
1941:
1929:
1924:
1919:
1914:
1908:
1906:
1900:
1899:
1897:
1896:
1891:
1890:
1889:
1884:
1879:
1872:
1867:
1847:
1845:
1839:
1838:
1836:
1835:
1830:
1823:
1818:
1813:
1808:
1803:
1797:
1795:
1789:
1788:
1786:
1785:
1780:
1775:
1770:
1765:
1759:
1757:
1748:
1738:
1737:
1735:
1734:
1729:
1724:
1719:
1713:
1711:
1707:
1706:
1694:
1693:
1686:
1679:
1671:
1665:
1664:
1656:
1648:
1640:
1632:
1624:
1619:
1614:
1607:
1606:External links
1604:
1603:
1602:
1590:10.2307/337280
1573:
1556:
1553:
1551:
1550:
1537:
1519:ASALE; ASALE.
1511:
1487:
1469:
1443:
1429:
1415:
1400:
1391:
1382:
1373:
1347:
1334:
1325:
1311:(in Spanish).
1299:
1274:
1263:
1238:
1225:
1204:
1202:
1199:
1198:
1197:
1195:Viveza criolla
1192:
1185:
1178:
1170:
1169:
1153:
1150:
1134:
1111:
1029:
1026:
1012:
1011:
1001:
991:
981:
966:
961:in English or
945:
931:
918:
908:
902:
896:
873:
870:
866:psychoanalysis
861:
860:
842:Folk etymology
816:
815:examination)".
805:
790:curtir fierros
787:
781:
775:
757:
754:
753:
752:
742:
716:
713:
712:
711:
688:
672:
648:
635:
622:
606:
589:
577:
574:
573:
572:
556:
546:
528:
522:
516:
513:palo/s verde/s
510:
504:
494:
476:
470:
464:
448:
442:
426:
416:
406:
405:, lit. "done")
396:
386:
370:
356:
353:
351:
348:
269:Edmundo Rivero
257:
254:
196:
195:Lunfardo today
193:
178:
175:
146:
143:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4660:
4649:
4646:
4644:
4643:Spanish slang
4641:
4639:
4636:
4634:
4631:
4629:
4626:
4624:
4621:
4619:
4616:
4614:
4611:
4609:
4606:
4604:
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4598:
4585:
4581:
4576:
4570:
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4528:
4527:
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4515:
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4490:
4487:
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4482:
4480:
4477:
4476:
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4463:
4459:
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4376:
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4369:
4368:
4365:
4355:
4351:
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4337:
4336:
4334:
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4324:
4321:
4317:
4314:
4313:
4312:
4309:
4307:
4304:
4302:
4299:
4297:
4294:
4293:
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4285:
4277:
4274:
4273:
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4269:
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4264:
4262:
4259:
4255:
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4251:
4250:
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4245:
4242:
4241:
4239:
4235:
4225:
4222:
4220:
4217:
4215:
4212:
4211:
4209:
4205:
4199:
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4184:
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4176:
4172:
4164:
4161:
4159:
4156:
4155:
4154:
4151:
4150:
4148:
4146:
4142:
4132:
4129:
4127:
4124:
4122:
4119:
4117:
4114:
4112:
4109:
4107:
4104:
4103:
4101:
4099:
4095:
4089:
4086:
4084:
4081:
4079:
4078:
4074:
4072:
4069:
4067:
4066:
4062:
4060:
4059:
4055:
4054:
4052:
4050:
4046:
4040:
4037:
4036:
4034:
4032:
4028:
4025:
4023:
4017:
4011:
4010:
4006:
4004:
4001:
3999:
3998:
3994:
3993:
3991:
3989:
3985:
3982:
3976:
3970:
3967:
3965:
3962:
3960:
3957:
3956:
3954:
3950:
3944:
3941:
3940:
3938:
3934:
3930:
3923:
3918:
3916:
3911:
3909:
3904:
3903:
3900:
3890:autochthonous
3887:
3881:
3878:
3876:
3873:
3871:
3868:
3866:
3863:
3861:
3858:
3856:
3853:
3851:
3848:
3847:
3845:
3843:
3839:
3833:
3830:
3828:
3827:United States
3825:
3823:
3820:
3818:
3815:
3811:
3808:
3807:
3806:
3803:
3801:
3798:
3796:
3793:
3791:
3788:
3786:
3783:
3781:
3778:
3774:
3771:
3769:
3766:
3765:
3764:
3761:
3759:
3756:
3754:
3751:
3749:
3746:
3744:
3741:
3740:
3738:
3734:
3729:
3722:
3717:
3715:
3710:
3708:
3703:
3702:
3699:
3687:
3683:
3681:
3680:Scots Yiddish
3677:
3675:
3671:
3667:
3664:English
3663:
3662:
3660:
3656:
3650:
3646:
3643:Russian
3642:
3640:
3636:
3634:
3631:English
3630:
3628:
3627:West Polesian
3624:
3623:
3621:
3617:
3611:
3608:Visayan
3607:
3604:
3601:English
3600:
3598:
3594:
3593:
3591:
3587:
3581:
3578:
3577:
3575:
3571:
3565:
3561:
3559:
3556:Guarani
3555:
3553:
3549:
3547:
3543:
3541:
3537:
3535:
3531:
3527:
3525:
3521:
3518:English
3517:
3515:
3511:
3509:
3505:
3504:
3502:
3498:
3492:
3488:
3486:
3482:
3480:
3476:
3474:
3470:
3468:
3464:
3463:
3461:
3455:
3449:
3446:Chinese
3445:
3443:
3439:
3436:English
3435:
3433:
3429:
3427:
3423:
3421:
3417:
3413:
3411:
3407:
3406:
3404:
3400:
3394:
3390:
3388:
3384:
3382:
3378:
3373:
3368:
3364:
3361:
3357:
3354:
3350:
3348:
3344:
3342:
3339:Bengali
3338:
3336:
3332:
3330:
3327:English
3326:
3324:
3321:Spanish
3320:
3319:
3317:
3313:
3307:
3303:
3301:
3297:
3295:
3291:
3287:
3284:Ternate
3283:
3281:
3277:
3275:
3271:
3269:
3266:Chinese
3265:
3263:
3259:
3255:
3253:
3250:
3249:
3247:
3243:
3237:
3234:Chinese
3233:
3231:
3227:
3225:
3221:
3219:
3218:Bonin English
3215:
3211:
3208:English
3207:
3206:
3204:
3200:
3194:
3193:Judeo-Italian
3190:
3188:
3184:
3182:
3178:
3176:
3172:
3169:Spanish
3168:
3166:
3163:English
3162:
3161:
3159:
3155:
3149:
3148:Judeo-Marathi
3145:
3143:
3139:
3137:
3133:
3131:
3127:
3123:
3121:
3117:
3115:
3111:
3109:
3105:
3101:
3098:English
3097:
3093:
3089:
3086:Spanish
3085:
3083:
3079:
3078:
3077:
3073:
3071:
3067:
3065:
3061:
3059:
3055:
3054:
3052:
3048:
3042:
3039:Turkish
3038:
3036:
3032:
3030:
3027:English
3026:
3025:
3023:
3019:
3013:
3010:Yiddish
3009:
3007:
3003:
3000:
2996:
2994:
2991:English
2990:
2988:
2985:Spanish
2984:
2982:
2979:Russian
2978:
2977:
2975:
2971:
2965:
2961:
2957:
2953:
2949:
2948:
2946:
2940:
2934:
2930:
2928:
2924:
2922:
2919:English
2918:
2916:
2913:Occitan
2912:
2910:
2906:
2904:
2901:Spanish
2900:
2899:
2897:
2893:
2887:
2883:
2881:
2877:
2873:
2871:
2868:English
2867:
2866:
2864:
2860:
2854:
2850:
2846:
2844:
2840:
2838:
2835:Hmongic
2834:
2832:
2828:
2826:
2822:
2818:
2816:
2812:
2810:
2807:Russian
2806:
2804:
2800:
2798:
2794:
2792:
2789:Tibetan
2788:
2786:
2782:
2780:
2776:
2772:
2770:
2766:
2763:English
2762:
2761:
2759:
2755:
2749:
2745:
2743:
2739:
2737:
2733:
2731:
2728:English
2727:
2726:
2724:
2720:
2712:
2709:
2707:
2704:
2703:
2701:
2699:
2695:
2692:Yiddish
2691:
2689:
2686:Visayan
2685:
2683:
2679:
2677:
2673:
2671:
2668:Turkish
2667:
2665:
2661:
2659:
2655:
2653:
2649:
2646:
2643:Tagalog
2642:
2640:
2637:Swedish
2636:
2634:
2630:
2627:Spanish
2626:
2624:
2620:
2618:
2614:
2612:
2608:
2605:Russian
2604:
2601:
2597:
2595:
2591:
2589:
2586:Namibia
2585:
2583:
2579:
2577:
2573:
2571:
2568:Maltese
2567:
2565:
2561:
2559:
2556:Kannada
2555:
2553:
2552:Bonin English
2549:
2545:
2541:
2539:
2536:Italian
2535:
2533:
2529:
2527:
2523:
2521:
2518:
2516:
2512:
2510:
2506:
2502:
2500:
2496:
2494:
2490:
2488:
2484:
2482:
2479:Finnish
2478:
2476:
2472:
2470:
2466:
2464:
2460:
2458:
2455:Chinese
2454:
2452:
2448:
2446:
2443:Bengali
2442:
2440:
2436:
2435:
2433:
2429:
2423:
2419:
2417:
2413:
2411:
2407:
2405:
2401:
2399:
2395:
2391:
2388:
2384:
2382:
2378:
2376:
2372:
2371:
2369:
2363:
2359:
2352:
2347:
2345:
2340:
2338:
2333:
2332:
2329:
2317:
2314:
2307:
2306:
2305:
2304:
2300:
2293:
2292:
2291:
2290:
2285:
2284:
2280:
2279:
2277:
2273:
2264:
2263:
2259:
2254:
2253:
2249:
2244:
2243:
2239:
2234:
2233:
2229:
2227:
2226:
2222:
2218:
2213:
2212:
2208:
2202:
2199:
2198:
2197:
2194:
2193:
2192:
2189:
2187:
2186:
2182:
2180:
2177:
2176:
2174:
2170:
2164:
2161:
2159:
2156:
2153:(Extremadura)
2151:
2150:
2146:
2141:
2140:
2136:
2134:
2131:
2129:
2126:
2124:
2121:
2120:
2118:
2115:
2108:
2098:
2095:
2093:
2090:
2083:
2082:
2081:
2080:
2076:
2069:
2068:
2067:
2066:
2062:
2060:
2057:
2050:
2049:
2048:
2047:
2043:
2041:
2038:
2031:
2030:
2029:
2028:
2024:
2017:
2016:
2015:
2014:
2010:
2003:
2002:
2001:
2000:
1996:
1989:
1988:
1987:
1986:
1982:
1980:
1977:
1970:
1969:
1968:
1967:
1963:
1956:
1955:
1954:
1953:
1949:
1947:
1944:
1937:
1936:
1935:
1934:
1930:
1928:
1925:
1923:
1920:
1918:
1915:
1913:
1910:
1909:
1907:
1905:
1904:South America
1901:
1895:
1892:
1888:
1885:
1883:
1880:
1878:
1877:
1873:
1871:
1868:
1866:
1863:
1858:
1854:
1853:
1852:
1851:United States
1849:
1848:
1846:
1844:
1843:North America
1840:
1834:
1831:
1829:
1828:
1824:
1822:
1819:
1817:
1814:
1812:
1809:
1807:
1804:
1802:
1799:
1798:
1796:
1794:
1790:
1784:
1781:
1779:
1776:
1774:
1771:
1769:
1766:
1764:
1761:
1760:
1758:
1756:
1752:
1749:
1746:
1745:Interamerican
1739:
1733:
1730:
1728:
1725:
1723:
1722:Equatoguinean
1720:
1718:
1715:
1714:
1712:
1708:
1703:
1699:
1692:
1687:
1685:
1680:
1678:
1673:
1672:
1669:
1663:
1657:
1655:
1649:
1647:
1641:
1639:
1633:
1631:
1625:
1623:
1620:
1618:
1615:
1613:
1610:
1609:
1599:
1595:
1591:
1587:
1583:
1579:
1574:
1571:
1567:
1563:
1559:
1558:
1547:
1541:
1526:
1522:
1515:
1501:
1497:
1491:
1485:
1481:
1478:
1473:
1457:
1453:
1447:
1439:
1433:
1425:
1419:
1413:
1409:
1404:
1398:Conde; p. 109
1395:
1386:
1377:
1362:
1358:
1351:
1344:
1338:
1329:
1314:
1310:
1303:
1288:
1284:
1278:
1272:
1267:
1253:on 2016-03-04
1252:
1248:
1242:
1228:
1222:
1218:
1217:
1209:
1205:
1196:
1193:
1191:
1190:
1186:
1184:
1183:
1179:
1177:
1176:
1172:
1171:
1167:
1156:
1149:
1147:
1125:("notebook")
1124:
1101:
1100:
1095:
1091:
1087:
1083:
1079:
1075:
1071:
1067:
1063:
1059:
1055:
1051:
1047:
1043:
1040:
1036:
1025:
1023:
1019:
1018:
1009:
1005:
1002:
999:
995:
992:
989:
985:
982:
979:
978:
974:
970:
967:
964:
960:
956:
953:
949:
946:
943:
939:
935:
932:
929:
926:
922:
919:
916:
912:
909:
906:
903:
900:
897:
894:
891:
890:
889:
887:
883:
879:
869:
867:
858:
856:
851:
847:
843:
839:
838:tourist traps
835:
832:
828:
824:
820:
817:
813:
809:
806:
803:
799:
795:
791:
788:
785:
782:
779:
776:
773:
770:
769:
768:
765:
763:
750:
746:
743:
740:
736:
732:
728:
724:
723:
719:
718:
715:Interjections
709:
705:
702:
698:
697:
692:
689:
686:
683:
680:
676:
673:
670:
667:
663:
660:
656:
652:
649:
646:
643:
639:
636:
633:
630:
626:
623:
620:
616:
615:
610:
607:
604:
600:
597:
593:
590:
587:
583:
580:
579:
570:
566:
565:
560:
557:
554:
550:
547:
544:
540:
536:
532:
529:
526:
523:
520:
517:
514:
511:
508:
505:
502:
498:
495:
492:
488:
484:
480:
477:
474:
471:
468:
465:
462:
458:
457:
452:
449:
446:
443:
440:
436:
435:
431:â "friends" (
430:
427:
424:
420:
417:
414:
410:
407:
404:
400:
397:
394:
390:
387:
384:
380:
379:
374:
371:
368:
367:
362:
359:
358:
347:
345:
341:
336:
334:
330:
326:
322:
317:
315:
311:
307:
303:
299:
295:
291:
287:
283:
282:
277:
272:
270:
265:
263:
252:
246:
243:
239:
237:
233:
229:
224:
222:
218:
214:
210:
206:
202:
192:
190:
189:
184:
174:
172:
168:
164:
160:
156:
152:
149:Lunfardo (or
142:
140:
136:
132:
127:
125:
121:
117:
113:
109:
104:
102:
98:
94:
90:
86:
82:
78:
74:
70:
66:
62:
57:
49:
42:
38:
34:
30:
26:
21:
4603:Buenos Aires
4579:
4504:Plautdietsch
4498:
4460:
4453:
4446:
4439:
4349:
4265:
4198:MbyĂĄ GuaranĂ
4175:TupiâGuarani
4075:
4063:
4056:
4008:
3996:
3864:
3730:in the world
3684:German
3637:Polish
3550:French
3533:
3512:German
3457:Scandinavian
3408:German
3385:Hebrew
3286:Manado Malay
3228:French
3191:Hebrew
3174:
3134:Slavic
3080:German
3033:Hebrew
3004:Hebrew
2925:Hebrew
2801:Uyghur
2656:Telugu
2592:Polish
2562:Korean
2503:Hebrew
2491:German
2485:French
2467:Danish
2437:Arabic
2375:Camfranglais
2301:
2288:
2287:
2281:
2260:
2252:Media Lengua
2250:
2240:
2230:
2223:
2209:
2183:
2147:
2137:
2077:
2071:Coastal Peru
2063:
2044:
2033:Paisa Region
2025:
2011:
1997:
1983:
1964:
1950:
1931:
1887:Sabine River
1874:
1861:
1856:
1825:
1778:Puerto Rican
1704:by continent
1659:(In Spanish)
1651:(In Spanish)
1643:(In Spanish)
1635:(In Spanish)
1581:
1577:
1561:
1545:
1540:
1529:. Retrieved
1527:(in Spanish)
1524:
1514:
1503:. Retrieved
1499:
1490:
1472:
1460:. Retrieved
1455:
1446:
1432:
1418:
1403:
1394:
1389:Conde; p. 55
1385:
1376:
1365:. Retrieved
1363:(in Spanish)
1360:
1350:
1337:
1328:
1316:. Retrieved
1302:
1291:. Retrieved
1289:(in Spanish)
1286:
1277:
1266:
1255:. Retrieved
1251:the original
1241:
1230:. Retrieved
1215:
1208:
1187:
1180:
1173:
1145:
1122:
1102:(meat dish)
1097:
1093:
1089:
1085:
1081:
1077:
1073:
1069:
1065:
1061:
1057:
1053:
1049:
1045:
1041:
1038:
1034:
1031:
1015:
1013:
1007:
1003:
997:
993:
987:
983:
976:
968:
962:
958:
954:
947:
941:
940:and Spanish
937:
933:
927:
920:
914:
910:
904:
898:
892:
875:
862:
853:
845:
833:
826:
822:
818:
811:
807:
801:
797:
793:
789:
783:
777:
771:
766:
761:
759:
756:Modern slang
748:
744:
720:
707:
703:
694:
690:
684:
674:
668:
661:
650:
647:, "to work")
644:
637:
634:, "to hear")
631:
624:
618:
612:
608:
598:
591:
585:
581:
568:
562:
558:
552:
548:
538:
530:
524:
518:
512:
506:
500:
496:
490:
486:
485:, slang for
482:
478:
472:
466:
460:
454:
450:
444:
438:
432:
428:
422:
418:
412:
408:
402:
398:
392:
388:
382:
376:
372:
364:
360:
343:
339:
337:
328:
320:
318:
313:
309:
305:
301:
279:
273:
266:
259:
248:
244:
240:
225:
220:
198:
186:
182:
180:
170:
150:
148:
130:
128:
105:
85:Buenos Aires
68:
60:
47:
46:
37:Buenos Aires
24:
4530:Rioplatense
4311:Rioplatense
4183:Ava Guarani
4158:Santiagueño
3875:MacarrĂŽnico
3822:Switzerland
3686:Lachoudisch
3678:Scots
3298:Dutch
3146:Indic
3140:Greek
3124:Tatar
3035:Judeo-Greek
3012:Lachoudisch
2942:French Sign
2874:Malay
2841:Santa
2740:Greek
2736:Juba Arabic
2650:Tamil
2602:/Portuglish
2570:Maltenglish
2530:Irish
2513:Hindi
2497:Greek
2473:Dutch
2449:Czech
2217:Para-Romani
2079:Rioplatense
2019:Zulia State
1882:New Mexican
1870:Californian
1806:Costa Rican
1783:Trinidadian
1146:cuadernelli
893:lonyipietro
710:("to fish")
687:, "to eat")
621:, "to pay")
515:- "dollars"
493:, "female")
171:El matadero
4597:Categories
4049:Guaicuruan
3978:Indigenous
3473:Russenorsk
3432:Russenorsk
3315:Portuguese
3230:Franponais
3214:Wasei-eigo
2909:Franponais
2831:E language
2702:See also:
2674:Urdu
2662:Thai
2548:Wasei-eigo
2532:BĂ©arlachas
2262:Papiamento
2232:Palenquero
2123:Andalusian
2114:Peninsular
2097:Venezuelan
2040:Paraguayan
1985:Equatorial
1979:Ecuadorian
1833:Salvadoran
1821:Nicaraguan
1811:Guatemalan
1773:Panamanian
1727:Philippine
1531:2022-06-11
1505:2022-06-11
1462:21 January
1367:2021-05-31
1293:2024-04-21
1257:2011-03-03
1232:2020-06-22
1201:References
1189:Jeringonza
973:Neapolitan
965:in French)
751:, "look!")
603:Portuguese
599:ingroppare
588:, "brain")
294:Ć atrovaÄki
286:back slang
278:, notably
217:Montevideo
89:Montevideo
29:graffitied
4582:indicate
4352:indicate
4244:Cocoliche
4003:Tehuelche
3980:languages
3870:Cocoliche
3860:Itanglese
3832:Venezuela
3748:Australia
3743:Argentina
3674:Yeshivish
3619:Ukrainian
3597:Hokaglish
3564:Norspañol
3530:Cocoliche
3520:Spanglish
3491:Swenglish
3479:Norspañol
3459:languages
3426:Trasianka
3171:Cocoliche
3165:Itanglese
3108:Yeshivish
3029:Greeklish
2993:Denglisch
2927:Zarphatic
2921:Franglais
2829:Tai
2785:Hokaglish
2765:Chinglish
2698:Yeshivish
2639:Swenglish
2629:Spanglish
2538:Itanglese
2509:Yeshivish
2499:Greeklish
2493:Denglisch
2487:Franglais
2463:Hokaglish
2457:Chinglish
2451:Czenglish
2416:Hokaglish
2367:languages
2365:Multiple
2283:Cocoliche
2242:Chavacano
2225:Spanglish
2143:(Galicia)
2133:Castilian
2092:Uruguayan
2013:Maracucho
1946:Colombian
1768:Dominican
1755:Caribbean
1318:April 11,
1175:Cocoliche
1133:⟶
1110:⟶
984:yira/yira
977:iettatore
878:Cocoliche
827:truchamĂĄn
739:Valencian
699:from the
503:, "nose")
463:, "heat")
296:or Greek
288:, French
276:word play
232:neologism
228:Argentina
213:Cocoliche
177:Etymology
155:Lombardia
116:Argentina
41:Corralito
23:The word
4553:Portuñol
4499:Lunfardo
4323:Tucumano
4306:Portuñol
4296:Cordobés
4266:Lunfardo
4261:Ligurian
4145:Quechuan
4098:Matacoan
4088:Toba Qom
4031:Charruan
4022:Guaicuru
3865:Lunfardo
3805:Slovenia
3773:Dalmatia
3670:Yinglish
3649:Balachka
3573:Tahitian
3546:Castrapo
3534:Lunfardo
3467:Danglish
3438:Runglish
3420:Balachka
3262:Manglish
3258:Singlish
3236:Kyowa-go
3202:Japanese
3175:Lunfardo
3130:Krymchak
3104:Yinglish
2944:Language
2870:Dunglish
2815:Kyowa-go
2779:Manglish
2775:Singlish
2730:Arablish
2694:Yinglish
2670:Turklish
2664:Tinglish
2658:Tenglish
2652:Tanglish
2623:Singlish
2617:Siculish
2607:Runglish
2600:Porglish
2582:Manglish
2564:Konglish
2558:Kanglish
2526:Hunglish
2515:Hinglish
2481:Finglish
2475:Dunglish
2469:Danglish
2445:Banglish
2439:Arablish
2398:Manglish
2394:Singlish
2381:Dobhashi
2303:MalespĂn
2289:Lunfardo
2246:(creole)
2236:(creole)
2179:Standard
2139:Castrapo
2128:Canarian
2065:Ribereño
2059:Peruvian
1952:Cordobés
1922:Bolivian
1912:Amazonic
1816:Honduran
1801:Belizean
1741:Americas
1717:Canarian
1578:Hispania
1480:Archived
1361:PAGINA12
1182:GermanĂa
1152:See also
1099:milanesa
1028:Suffixes
994:ÂĄsalute!
938:lavorare
895:- "fool"
834:turjeman
745:ÂĄguarda!
735:Venetian
704:capisce?
669:mangiare
655:Venetian
645:lavorare
592:engrupir
582:cerebrar
569:uruguayo
535:Kimbundu
531:quilombo
519:percanta
475:â "peso"
383:muchacho
373:chochamu
350:Examples
340:abarajar
304:becomes
300:. Thus,
238:lyrics.
188:lombardo
183:lunfardo
131:lunfardo
97:Santa Fe
75:) is an
65:Lombardy
61:lombardo
48:Lunfardo
35:bank in
4580:Italics
4514:Yiddish
4494:Italian
4484:English
4455:GuaranĂ
4441:CharrĂșa
4408:Spanish
4350:Italics
4116:Nivaclé
4077:PayaguĂĄ
4039:Balomar
4020:Matacoâ
4009:Teushen
3997:Puelche
3969:Quechua
3964:Mapuche
3959:Guarani
3943:Spanish
3817:Somalia
3800:Romania
3763:Croatia
3672:,
3668:,
3666:Heblish
3658:Yiddish
3647:,
3645:Surzhyk
3610:Bisalog
3605:/Englog
3603:Taglish
3589:Tagalog
3540:Chipilo
3532:,
3524:Llanito
3522:,
3500:Spanish
3448:Kyakhta
3440:,
3418:,
3416:Surzhyk
3402:Russian
3381:Kalunga
3372:cupĂłpia
3360:Hunsrik
3288:,
3216:,
3212:,
3210:Engrish
3173:,
3157:Italian
3142:Yevanic
3136:Knaanic
3128:,
3106:,
3102:,
3100:Heblish
3092:Haketia
3090:,
3082:Yiddish
3006:Yiddish
2999:Hunsrik
2886:Javindo
2878:,
2851:,
2823:,
2821:Linghua
2809:Kyakhta
2767:,
2757:Chinese
2696:,
2688:Bislish
2647:/Englog
2645:Taglish
2633:Llanito
2631:,
2609:,
2594:Poglish
2588:Namlish
2550:,
2546:,
2544:Engrish
2507:,
2505:Heblish
2431:English
2404:Yiddish
2275:Extinct
2196:Haketia
2185:Llanito
2158:Murcian
2046:Pastuso
1999:Llanero
1933:Chilote
1927:Chilean
1894:Mexican
1862:Chicano
1827:Pachuco
1732:Saharan
1702:Spanish
1410:in the
1313:Infobae
1148:, etc.
1020:of the
998:salute!
952:Lombard
942:laborar
934:laburar
925:Lombard
915:mattina
749:guarda!
731:GuaranĂ
701:Italian
666:Italian
659:Lombard
642:Italian
638:laburar
596:Italian
586:cerebro
559:yorugua
539:kilombo
491:femmina
395:"face")
393:faccia,
120:Uruguay
112:Spanish
101:Rosario
73:Lombard
69:lumbard
43:, 2002.
25:chorros
4509:Romani
4489:German
4479:Arabic
4462:GĂŒenoa
4249:German
4224:Vilela
4214:Aymara
4207:Others
4083:PilagĂĄ
4071:MocovĂ
4065:Guachi
4058:AbipĂłn
3988:Chonan
3880:Talian
3810:Istria
3795:Mexico
3768:Istria
3758:Canada
3753:Brazil
3558:JoparĂĄ
3485:Svorsk
3353:Talian
3274:Betawi
3126:Karaim
3050:Hebrew
2973:German
2895:French
2876:Betawi
2853:Betawi
2791:Daohua
2722:Arabic
2682:Vinish
2676:Urdish
2422:Betawi
2149:CastĂșo
2110:Europe
1966:Cuyano
1917:Andean
1876:Isleño
1598:337280
1596:
1568:
1223:
1017:pidgin
1008:eccole
1004:eccole
988:girare
963:ne pas
955:minga,
911:matina
882:pidgin
855:trucco
846:trucha
831:Arabic
823:trucho
819:trucho
802:fierro
798:hierro
794:Fierro
784:curtir
708:pescar
691:pescar
685:morfer
679:French
675:morfar
662:magnar
651:manyar
609:garpar
605:slang)
487:menina
439:amigos
429:gomĂas
413:fiacca
399:fato -
361:buchĂłn
333:pistol
329:bufoso
298:podanĂĄ
290:verlan
230:, any
145:Origin
139:jargon
118:, and
4648:Tango
4535:Vesre
4448:ChanĂĄ
4316:Vesre
4271:Welsh
4219:Chané
4193:KaiwĂĄ
3850:Sabir
3790:Malta
3785:Libya
3780:Italy
3639:Balak
3300:Petjo
3245:Malay
3021:Greek
2880:Petjo
2862:Dutch
2387:Sabir
2316:Bozal
2172:Other
2027:Paisa
1763:Cuban
1594:JSTOR
1074:ingui
1066:engue
948:minga
905:vento
899:fungi
850:trout
812:Zafar
808:zafar
772:gomas
696:vesre
682:argot
632:junar
625:junar
619:pagar
614:vesre
576:Verbs
564:vesre
537:word
473:mango
461:calor
456:vesre
451:lorca
445:guita
434:vesre
423:gamba
419:gamba
409:fiaca
403:fatto
389:facha
378:vesre
366:buche
355:Nouns
325:heart
306:gotĂĄn
302:tango
281:vesre
236:tango
159:Italy
151:lunfa
135:slang
124:tango
77:argot
4301:Cuyo
3260:and
2777:and
2396:and
2286:and
2211:CalĂł
1857:CalĂł
1566:ISBN
1464:2020
1408:pibe
1320:2019
1221:ISBN
1078:ongo
1070:engo
1062:enga
1058:ango
1054:anga
1039:elli
1035:etti
969:yeta
928:mina
921:mina
880:, a
778:maza
762:must
737:and
657:and
629:CalĂł
617:for
567:for
553:urso
549:urso
541:, a
525:pibe
507:palo
501:naso
497:naso
483:mina
479:mina
467:luca
459:for
437:for
381:for
321:bobo
314:feca
310:café
308:and
99:and
87:and
3375:),
1700:of
1586:doi
1456:BBC
1094:eta
1092:, -
1090:usa
1088:, -
1086:ula
1084:, -
1082:usi
1080:, -
1076:, -
1072:, -
1068:, -
1064:, -
1060:, -
1056:, -
1052:, -
1050:eni
1048:, -
1046:oni
1044:, -
1042:eli
1037:, -
959:not
884:of
840:).
722:che
571:) .
226:In
157:in
137:or
114:of
71:in
33:BNL
4599::
3379:,
3292:,
2962:,
2958:,
2954:,
1592:.
1582:47
1580:.
1523:.
1498:.
1454:.
1359:.
1285:.
1024:.
868:.
848:("
733:,
664:-
545:).
335:.
316:.
126:.
103:.
95:,
67:,
4386:e
4379:t
4372:v
3921:e
3914:t
3907:v
3720:e
3713:t
3706:v
3369:(
2389:â
2350:e
2343:t
2336:v
2219:)
2215:(
2116:)
2112:(
1864:)
1860:(
1747:)
1743:(
1690:e
1683:t
1676:v
1600:.
1588::
1572:.
1534:.
1508:.
1466:.
1370:.
1345:.
1322:.
1296:.
1260:.
1235:.
1033:-
1010:)
1000:)
980:)
944:)
930:)
917:)
857:-
671:)
441:)
385:)
251:.
169:(
50:(
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