902:
890:
541:
561:
826:
783:
807:
795:
700:
739:
771:
858:
846:
870:
755:
441:
1714:
720:
297:
922:
4538:
4548:
414:
325:
51:
825:
901:
889:
394:, instigated the people of Simurrum and Lullubi to revolt. Amnili, general of ... made the land ... Erridu-pizir, the mighty, king of Gutium and of the four quarters hastened him... In a single day he captured the pass of Urbillum at Mount Mummum. Further, he captured Nirishuha.
682:. They all show a ruler trampling an enemy, and most also show a deity facing the ruler. Another relief can be found about 200 meters away, in a style similar to the Anubanini relief, but this time with a beardless ruler. The attribution to a specific ruler remains uncertain.
517:
They were said to have had 19 walled cities in their land, as well as a large supply of horses, cattle, metals, textiles and wine, which were carried off by Ashur-nasir-pal. Local chiefs or governors of the Zamua region continued to be mentioned down to the end of
577:
In depictions of them, the
Lullubi are represented as warlike mountain people. The Lullubi are often shown bare-chested and wearing animal skins. They have short beards, their hair is long and worn in a thick braid, as can be seen on the
2267:
D’yakonov, I. M., "Istoriya Midii ot drevenĭshikh vremen do kontsa IV beka de e.E" (The history of Media from ancient times to the end of the 4th century BCE), Moscow and
Leningrad, 1956; tr. Karim Kešāvarz as Tāriḵ-e Mād, Tehran,
699:
869:
2264:
Cameron, George, "History of Early Iran", Chicago, 1936 (repr., Chicago, 1969; tr. E.-J. Levin, L’histoire de l’Iran antique, Paris, 1937; tr. H. Anusheh, ایران در سپیده دم تاریخ, Tehran, 1993)
466:, captives in tow, is now thought to date to the Ur-III period; however, a later Babylonian legendary retelling of the exploits of Sargon the Great mentions Anubanini as one of his opponents.
3040:
1978:"The hair of the Lullubi is long and worn in a thick braid. They wear animal skins, while the Akkadian soldiers wear the proper attire for battle, helmets and military tunics." in
3030:
857:
845:
782:
1697:
831:
Sar-e Pol-e Zahab, relief I. Beardless warrior with axe, trampling a foe. Sundisk above. A name "Zaba(zuna), son of ..." can be read. This is possibly the son of
794:
498:
of
Assyria (in 1113 BC) claim to have subdued it. Neo-Assyrian kings of the following centuries also recorded campaigns and conquests in the area of Lullubum /
591:
2042:
Legrain, 1922; Cameron, 1936; D’yakonov, 1956; The
Cambridge History of Iran; Hinz, 1972; The Cambridge Ancient History; Majidzadeh, 1991; Majidzadeh, 1997.
719:
806:
4199:
3052:
566:
Lullubi victim with pointed beard and long braided hair. Rock relief at
Darband-iGawr. The depiction of the vanquished Lullubis is also similar in the
4305:
2287:
Legrain, Leon, "Historical
Fragments", Philadelphia, The University of Pennsylvania Museum Publications of the Babylonian Section, vol. XIII, 1922.
3719:
3710:
3454:
2966:
506:
had to suppress a revolt among the
Lullubian / Zamuan chiefs in 881 BC, during which they constructed a wall in the Bazian pass (between modern
2951:
1690:
3242:
3020:
1055:
3388:
2904:
770:
540:
1683:
4587:
2939:
2078:
2053:
3564:
3415:
3178:
2261:
Qashqai, Hamidreza, Chronicle of early Iran history, Tehran, Avegan press, 2011 (in
Persian: گاهنمای سپیده دم تاریخ در ایران )
4582:
3910:
3740:
3685:
3554:
3420:
2318:
1849:
1822:
1795:
1768:
3072:
3062:
4270:
4220:
3946:
3480:
364:"Naram-Sin the powerful . . . . Sidur and Sutuni, princes of the Lulubi, gathered together and they made war against me."
3495:
3484:
3429:
3377:
3232:
3035:
738:
2286:
907:
Detail, a dead or dying
Lullubian warrior, Darband-i Gawr rock-relief, Mt. Qaradagh, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq, 2200-2000 BCE
895:
Detail, a dead or dying
Lullubian warrior. Darband-i Gawr rock-relief, Mt. Qaradagh, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq, 2200-2000 BCE
3925:
3869:
3849:
3665:
3640:
3536:
3460:
3362:
2992:
2834:
2232:
2205:
2178:
2123:
2018:
1991:
1942:
1876:
3759:
4577:
4390:
3956:
560:
50:
3900:
3440:
3276:
3271:
3010:
2637:
2292:
Vallat, Francois. Elam: The History of Elam. Encyclopaedia Iranica, vol. VIII pp. 301-313. London/New York, 1998.
1384:
4505:
4330:
4210:
4194:
3680:
3615:
3516:
3465:
3237:
3188:
3173:
3077:
3067:
3047:
2839:
2498:
1839:
1812:
1135:
754:
4138:
2909:
2849:
4364:
3805:
3788:
3695:
3670:
3526:
3434:
3424:
1155:
258:
4368:
4204:
3920:
3660:
3650:
3398:
3254:
2854:
1958:
1905:
Tischler 1977–2001: vol. 5/6: 70–71. On the Lullubeans in general, see Klengel 1987–1990; Eidem 1992: 50–4.
1785:
4134:
4159:
4153:
4104:
3915:
3745:
3624:
3249:
2283:
Majidzadeh, Yusef, "History and civilization of Mesopotamia", Tehran, Iran University Press, 1997, vol.1.
2251:
607:
650:(precise dates unknown) son of Ikki. His inscription is found not far from the inscription of Anubanini.
4592:
4374:
3835:
3700:
3168:
2946:
2844:
579:
567:
417:
Tablet of Shulgi, glorifies the King and his victories on the Lullubi people, Sulaymaniyah Museum, Iraq
370:
301:
550:, nude, fettered, drawn by nose ring, with pointed beard, long hair and vertical braid. 2350-2000 BC,
433:, Lullubians formed a contingent in the military of Ur, suggesting that the region was then under Neo-
4478:
4069:
3839:
3620:
3546:
3408:
3383:
3306:
3057:
2956:
2899:
2311:
1324:
1315:
17:
4572:
4189:
3979:
3859:
3810:
3782:
3645:
3183:
3097:
2826:
2274:
Hinz, W., "The Lost World of Elam", London, 1972 (tr. F. Firuznia, دنیای گمشده ایلام, Tehran, 1992)
2146:
194:
4420:
4394:
4385:
4255:
4215:
3819:
3755:
3715:
3450:
3301:
3158:
3117:
2375:
1893:"The Languages of the Ancient Near East (in A Companion to the Ancient Near East, 2nd ed., 2007)"
964:
379:
4510:
4149:
3890:
3845:
3569:
3531:
3259:
3015:
1165:
2256:
2222:
2195:
2168:
2113:
1932:
1866:
3798:
3750:
3725:
3445:
3193:
2971:
2889:
2506:
2463:
1758:
1727:
725:
691:
679:
490:. However, the "land of Lullubi" makes a reappearance in the late 12th century BC, when both
448:
224:
879:, a possible Lullubi ruler, also holding weapons and trampling foes, with an inscription in
4349:
4251:
4144:
4084:
4059:
4038:
4018:
3991:
3793:
3735:
3630:
3393:
3358:
3122:
2304:
2280:
Majidzadeh, Yusef, "History and civilization of Elam", Tehran, Iran University Press, 1991.
2140:
440:
8:
4089:
3778:
3511:
3403:
3002:
2997:
2961:
2894:
2743:
2431:
1484:
1085:
422:
332:, known as the Darband-i Belula, the Darband-i Hurin or Sheikhan relief, Kurdistan, Iraq
4453:
4415:
4360:
4355:
4260:
4175:
3815:
3675:
3635:
3475:
3470:
3368:
3353:
3112:
2914:
2735:
2704:
2597:
2354:
1564:
1544:
1297:
954:
617:
503:
349:
309:
317:
4547:
4463:
4380:
4286:
4276:
4185:
4094:
4079:
4074:
4043:
4033:
4023:
4013:
4000:
3855:
3559:
3373:
3311:
3286:
3266:
3216:
3136:
2984:
2613:
2605:
2530:
2482:
2228:
2201:
2174:
2119:
2014:
1987:
1938:
1872:
1845:
1818:
1791:
1764:
1344:
1334:
1185:
1125:
945:
880:
675:
495:
236:
162:
150:
66:
4434:
4425:
4335:
4325:
4281:
4121:
4109:
4063:
4008:
3825:
3690:
3521:
3490:
3335:
3316:
3025:
2645:
1494:
1444:
1394:
1277:
851:
Sar-e Pol-e Zahab, relief III. Beardless warrior trampling a foe, facing a goddess.
491:
337:
243:, and the names of its known rulers have Hurrian or more rarely Semitic influence.
232:
190:
863:
Sar-e Pol-e Zahab, relief IV. Beardless warrior trampling a foe, facing a goddess.
296:
4468:
4405:
4340:
4315:
4300:
4239:
4028:
3880:
3770:
3592:
3291:
3227:
3131:
2979:
2881:
2653:
2629:
2565:
2546:
2538:
2514:
2399:
2341:
2008:
1981:
1915:
1713:
1604:
1424:
1374:
1364:
1267:
1227:
1175:
1145:
710:
621:
547:
341:
305:
93:
4310:
3830:
3655:
3143:
3107:
2770:
2688:
2621:
2447:
2291:
1654:
1574:
1534:
1464:
1404:
1065:
997:
729:
706:
2010:
The Cambridge Ancient History: The Egyptian and Hittite empires to c. 1000 B.C
486:
term for "highlander", while the original region of Lullubi was also known as
4566:
4541:
4445:
4430:
4400:
4345:
4225:
4180:
4129:
4099:
2802:
2696:
2661:
2383:
1634:
1624:
1614:
1474:
1434:
1414:
1217:
1028:
977:
551:
240:
4473:
4458:
4410:
4319:
3864:
3730:
3153:
3102:
2810:
2794:
2778:
2720:
1644:
1584:
1524:
1247:
1197:
932:
629:
511:
348:, which was probably of the same origin as the Lullubi. Sargon's grandson
4551:
4515:
4266:
3951:
3874:
3705:
1737:
1719:
1354:
1257:
705:
The relief is located on the top of a cliff towering over the village of
455:
400:
383:
921:
3905:
3296:
2818:
2786:
2712:
2680:
2490:
1664:
1594:
1504:
1454:
1208:
519:
271:
270:, alludes to the "mountains of Lulubi" as being where the character of
178:
3031:
International military intervention against the Islamic State (2014–)
2751:
2728:
2522:
2455:
2423:
2007:
Bury, John Bagnell; Cook, Stanley Arthur; Adcock, Frank Ezra (1975).
1554:
1514:
1237:
1115:
832:
745:
603:
459:
3941:
3281:
3163:
2415:
1046:
1037:
876:
836:
647:
641:
430:
413:
391:
329:
324:
263:
205:
186:
1892:
4484:
1075:
1006:
483:
217:
202:
606:(c. 2350 BC) he ordered to make an inscription on the rock near
429:
is said to have raided Lullubi at least 9 times; by the time of
276:
4290:
3610:
2439:
1763:. Kongelige Danske Videnskabernes Selskab. pp. 22, 51–54.
1287:
1095:
761:
613:
507:
463:
426:
353:
345:
313:
285:
2296:
3148:
1732:
1105:
1019:
625:
499:
487:
434:
357:
181:
tribes during the 3rd millennium BC, from a region known as
2928:
2391:
2327:
1787:
Mesopotamian Origins: The Basic Population of the Near East
987:
312:(standing left) over Lullubi mountain tribe and their king
267:
198:
135:
131:
3906:
Industrial Development and Renovation Organization (IDRO)
800:
Prisoner king (detail). He appears to be wearing a crown.
336:
Lullubum appears in historical times as one of the lands
469:
36:
674:
Various Lullubian reliefs can be seen in the area of
592:
List of rulers of the pre-Achaemenid kingdoms of Iran
291:
280:
bird while searching for the rest of Enmerkar's army
1983:
Rituals of War: The Body and Violence in Mesopotamia
1709:
201:. Lullubi was neighbour and sometimes ally with the
474:
In the following (second) millennium BC, the term "
1841:Nomadism in Iran: From Antiquity to the Modern Era
1760:The Shemshāra Archives 2: The Administrative Texts
788:Prisoners of the Lullubis and their king (detail).
382:, the Lullubians rebelled against the Gutian king
173:"Country of the Lullubi"), more commonly known as
514:) in a failed attempt to keep the Assyrians out.
55:Territory of the Lullubi in the Mesopotamia area.
4564:
2227:. University of Toronto Press. pp. 707 ff.
1790:. University of Pennsylvania Press. p. 90.
27:2300–675 BC Ancient Near Eastern group of tribes
2967:December 1979 Iranian constitutional referendum
3053:2018–2019 Iranian general strikes and protests
2952:March 1979 Iranian Islamic Republic referendum
2086:. The University of Chicago Press. p. 41.
2061:. The University of Chicago Press. p. 35.
2006:
304:(circa 2250 BC), commemorating the victory of
223:The language of the Lullubi is regarded as an
2835:Persian Constitutional Revolution (1905–1911)
2312:
1691:
533:Defeated Lullubis in Akkadian representations
3911:Iran Aviation Industries Organization (IAIO)
482:" seems to have become a generic Babylonian/
3021:2009 Iranian presidential election protests
1934:Warfare in the Ancient Near East to 1600 BC
1868:Warfare in the Ancient Near East to 1600 BC
1756:
812:Anubanini rock relief Akkadian inscription.
3527:Islamic Consultative Assembly (parliament)
3389:Government of the Islamic Republic of Iran
2905:1949 Iranian Constituent Assembly election
2319:
2305:
1698:
1684:
386:, according to the latter's inscriptions:
49:
3036:Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (2015)
2162:
2160:
2158:
2156:
2138:
344:, along with the neighboring province of
2855:Arab separatism in Khuzestan (1922–2020)
2197:Approaching Monumentality in Archaeology
2170:Approaching Monumentality in Archaeology
2115:Approaching Monumentality in Archaeology
2072:
2070:
2068:
1810:
817:
685:
439:
412:
323:
295:
246:
3641:Economic Cooperation Organization (ECO)
2193:
2166:
2111:
2076:
2051:
2036:
2027:
1979:
1930:
1864:
1844:. Oxford University Press. p. 36.
1784:Speiser, Ephraim Avigdor (2017-01-30).
1783:
669:
14:
4565:
3179:History of democracy in classical Iran
2220:
2153:
2107:
2105:
2103:
2101:
2099:
2097:
2095:
2093:
1757:Eidem, Jesper; Læssøe, Jørgen (1992).
659:Hubaia (c. 830 BC) vassal of Assyrians
408:
378:After the Akkadian Empire fell to the
208:. Frayne (1990) identified their city
3977:
3901:Defense Industries Organization (DIO)
3686:Iran and the World Trade Organization
3590:
3333:
3214:
2339:
2300:
2065:
1974:
1972:
1837:
678:, the best preserved of which is the
462:with the Assyrian-Babylonian goddess
3073:2021 Sistan and Baluchestan protests
3063:2019 Sistan and Baluchestan protests
2224:Old Babylonian Period (2003-1595 BC)
470:Babylonian and Assyrian interactions
352:defeated the Lullubi and their king
239:or the yet to arrive in the region
4306:Chicago Persian antiquities dispute
3947:Chabahar Free Trade-Industrial Zone
3921:National Iranian Oil Company (NIOC)
3720:UN Security Council Resolution 1747
3455:UN Security Council Resolution 1747
2090:
2000:
776:Prisoners of the Lullubis (detail).
227:because it is unattested. The term
24:
2845:Kurdish separatism in Iran (1918–)
2214:
1969:
920:
525:
447:("Country of the Lullubi") on the
292:Akkadian empire and Gutian dynasty
25:
4604:
3916:Iran Electronics Industries (IEI)
3537:Supreme National Security Council
3363:Persian Constitutional Revolution
2993:Interim Government of Iran (1981)
2900:Insurgency in Balochistan (1948–)
2890:Shatt al-Arab dispute (1936–1975)
2013:. University Press. p. 505.
421:Following the Gutian period, the
216:with the region's modern town of
4546:
4537:
4536:
3512:Assembly (or Council) of Experts
2200:. SUNY Press. pp. 123–124.
2173:. SUNY Press. pp. 123–124.
2142:Relief Sculptures de Iran Ancien
1959:"Louvre Museum Official Website"
1917:Babylonian & Oriental Record
1712:
900:
888:
868:
856:
844:
824:
805:
793:
781:
769:
753:
737:
732:, also called Sarpol-e Zahab II.
718:
698:
559:
539:
3711:Military equipment manufactured
3277:Caspian Hyrcanian mixed forests
3041:United States withdrawal (2018)
2962:Iran hostage crisis (1979–1981)
2326:
2187:
2132:
2045:
1951:
1937:. Routledge. pp. 115–116.
1871:. Routledge. pp. 115–116.
596:Rulers of the Lullubi kingdom:
494:of Babylon (in c. 1120 BC) and
4588:Unclassified languages of Asia
4271:modern / contemporary
3517:Expediency Discernment Council
2840:1908 bombardment of the Majlis
2829:Caucasus (18th–20th centuries)
2353:
1924:
1908:
1899:
1885:
1858:
1831:
1804:
1777:
1750:
616:(c. 2270 BC contemporary with
13:
1:
3485:state-sponsorship allegations
3215:
2277:The Cambridge Ancient History
2271:The Cambridge History of Iran
1811:Campbell, Lyle (2017-10-03).
1743:
969:
458:depicting the Lullubian king
356:, and had his famous victory
259:Lugalbanda and the Anzud Bird
4583:History of Lorestan province
3942:Asaluyeh industrial corridor
3334:
3243:twin towns and sister cities
2549:Persis (after 132 BC–AD 224)
2426:Mannai (10th–7th century BC)
2402:Empire (c.2334 BC–c.2154 BC)
1931:Hamblin, William J. (2006).
1865:Hamblin, William J. (2006).
835:, a ruler of the Kingdom of
369:Akkadian inscription on the
7:
4221:Water supply and sanitation
3978:
3952:Kish Island Free Trade Zone
3591:
3011:KDPI insurgency (1989–1996)
2386:civilization (3100–2700 BC)
2340:
2118:. SUNY Press. p. 123.
2077:Cameron, George G. (1936).
2052:Cameron, George G. (1936).
1986:. Zone Books. p. 109.
912:
256:The early Sumerian legend "
10:
4609:
3701:Economy of the Middle East
3078:2021–2022 Iranian protests
3068:2019–2020 Iranian protests
3048:2017–2018 Iranian protests
2509:Cappadocia (320s BC–AD 17)
2245:
2194:Osborne, James F. (2014).
2167:Osborne, James F. (2014).
2112:Osborne, James F. (2014).
1292:8th/9th century – 1238 / 9
1136:Ancient kingdom of Armenia
978:Proto-Elamite civilization
689:
653:Nur-Adad (c. 881 – 880 BC)
589:
580:Victory Stele of Naram-Sin
568:Victory Stele of Naram-Sin
546:Barbarian prisoner of the
371:Victory Stele of Naram-Sin
302:Victory Stele of Naram-Sin
251:
166:
154:
4532:
4498:
4444:
4247:
4238:
4168:
4120:
4052:
3999:
3990:
3986:
3973:
3934:
3926:National Development Fund
3889:
3846:Telecommunications and IT
3840:Anglo-Persian Oil Company
3769:
3666:Foreign direct investment
3611:Bonyad (charitable trust)
3603:
3599:
3586:
3545:
3504:
3346:
3342:
3329:
3223:
3210:
3090:
2957:1979 Khuzestan insurgency
2947:Interim Government (1979)
2926:
2874:
2867:
2763:
2673:
2590:
2581:
2558:
2475:
2368:
2361:
2352:
2348:
2335:
1838:Potts, Daniel T. (2014).
1817:. Routledge. p. 37.
585:
231:though, appears to be of
127:
123:
113:
103:
99:
89:
81:
73:
64:Unclassified (Lullubian?)
60:
48:
43:
32:
3676:International oil bourse
3441:Ministry of Intelligence
3026:Syrian civil war (2011–)
2850:1921 Persian coup d'état
2221:Frayne, Douglas (1990).
1980:Bahrani, Zainab (2008).
1056:Bactria–Margiana Complex
399:Inscription R2:226-7 of
274:encounters the gigantic
195:Sulaymaniyah Governorate
4578:Ancient history of Iran
4200:scientists and scholars
3706:Milad Tower and complex
3496:Women's rights movement
3491:White Revolution (1963)
3159:Peoples of the Caucasus
2501:Armenia (321 BC–AD 428)
2394:dynasties (2700–540 BC)
644:(precise dates unknown)
600:Immashkush (c. 2400 BC)
360:made in commemoration:
328:Relief of the Lulubian
262:", set in the reign of
4511:Anti-Iranian sentiment
4506:Science and technology
4331:Intellectual movements
4211:International rankings
4195:Intellectual movements
3681:International rankings
3174:Heads of state of Iran
2980:Nojeh coup plot (1980)
2541:Empire (247 BC–AD 224)
2378:culture (3400–2000 BC)
2139:Vanden Berghe, Louis.
1585:Qara Qoyunlu Turcomans
1166:Greco-Bactrian Kingdom
925:
713:period) appears below.
451:
418:
406:
376:
340:subjugated within his
333:
321:
115:• Disestablished
77:Mesopotamian religions
3799:Shetab Banking System
3789:Banking and insurance
3751:Tehran Stock Exchange
3671:Intellectual property
3016:PJAK conflict (2004–)
2789:Turcomans (1378–1508)
2781:Turcomans (1374–1468)
2730:Ilkhanate (1256–1335)
2533:Pontus (281 BC–AD 62)
2080:History of Early Iran
2055:History of Early Iran
1728:Anobanini rock relief
1070:c. 1500 BCE – 500 BCE
924:
818:Other Lullubi reliefs
726:Anubanini rock relief
692:Anubanini rock relief
686:Anubanini rock relief
680:Anubanini rock relief
638:Darianam (c. 2000 BC)
449:Anubanini rock relief
443:
416:
388:
362:
327:
299:
247:Historical references
225:unclassified language
61:Common languages
3760:Technology start-ups
3661:Environmental issues
3651:Economic Reform Plan
3565:Provincial governors
3255:Environmental issues
3003:Iran Air Flight 655
2744:Jalayirid Sultanate
2616:Caliphate (750–1258)
2458:Kingdom (652–625 BC)
1595:Aq Qoyunlu Turcomans
1385:Zaydis of Tabaristan
670:Lullubi rock reliefs
665:Larkutla (c. 675 BC)
4160:Freedom of religion
3746:Supreme Audit Court
3625:Automotive industry
3272:Iranian Balochistan
2998:1987 Mecca incident
2895:Iran crisis of 1946
2884:dynasty (1925–1979)
2813:Dynasty (1751–1794)
2754:dynasty (1338–1357)
2746:dynasty (1335–1432)
2738:dynasty (1314–1393)
2723:dynasty (1244–1381)
2707:dynasty (1077–1231)
2691:dynasty (1011–1215)
2608:Caliphate (661–750)
2600:Caliphate (632–661)
2568:Empire (AD 224–651)
2485:Empire (550–330 BC)
2466:Empire (626–539 BC)
2450:Empire (678–549 BC)
2434:Empire (911–609 BC)
1920:. 1895. p. 27.
1485:Khwarazmian dynasty
1258:Kabul Shahi kingdom
1160:c. 302 BCE – 580 CE
1086:Neo-Assyrian Empire
965:Kura–Araxes culture
709:. A second relief (
522:'s reign (669 BC).
423:Neo-Sumerian Empire
409:Neo-Sumerian Empire
235:origin rather than
105:• Established
4291:Persian New Year (
3696:Main economic laws
3267:Iranian Azerbaijan
3169:Monarchs of Persia
3113:Persianate society
2821:Empire (1789–1925)
2805:Empire (1736–1796)
2797:Empire (1501–1736)
2773:Empire (1370–1507)
2699:Empire (1037–1194)
2664:dynasty (934–1062)
2656:dynasty (931–1090)
2648:dynasty (861–1003)
2517:Empire (312–63 BC)
2418:(c.1595–c.1155 BC)
1963:cartelen.louvre.fr
1565:Jalairid Sultanate
1545:Muzaffarid dynasty
1325:Rashidun Caliphate
1298:Kingdom of Georgia
1248:Hephthalite Empire
926:
656:Zabini (c. 881 BC)
504:Ashur-nasir-pal II
452:
419:
390:Ka-Nisba, king of
334:
322:
4593:Ancient languages
4560:
4559:
4528:
4527:
4524:
4523:
4494:
4493:
4401:Opium consumption
4234:
4233:
4070:Ethnic minorities
4044:Iranian languages
3969:
3968:
3965:
3964:
3582:
3581:
3578:
3577:
3461:Political parties
3399:Children's rights
3384:Foreign relations
3378:2009 presidential
3325:
3324:
3287:Iranian Kurdistan
3206:
3205:
3202:
3201:
3086:
3085:
3058:COVID-19 pandemic
2917:Revolution (1979)
2863:
2862:
2683:Empire (977–1186)
2640:dynasty (864–928)
2632:dynasty (821–873)
2624:dynasty (819–999)
2577:
2576:
2493:(c.323 BC–AD 226)
2252:Sar-e Pol-e Zahab
1851:978-0-19-933079-9
1824:978-1-317-61091-5
1814:Language Isolates
1797:978-1-5128-1881-9
1770:978-87-7304-227-4
1708:
1707:
1673:
1672:
1345:Abbasid Caliphate
1335:Umayyad Caliphate
1306:
1305:
1206:
1205:
1190:2nd century BCE –
1186:Caucasian Albania
1126:Achaemenid Empire
1076:Kingdom of Mannai
988:Elamite dynasties
676:Sar-e Pol-e Zohab
635:Irib (c. 2037 BC)
608:Sar-e Pol-e Zahab
496:Tiglath-Pileser I
141:
140:
16:(Redirected from
4600:
4550:
4540:
4539:
4391:National symbols
4245:
4244:
4060:Iranian citizens
3997:
3996:
3988:
3987:
3975:
3974:
3957:Research centers
3646:Economic history
3601:
3600:
3588:
3587:
3522:Guardian Council
3344:
3343:
3331:
3330:
3212:
3211:
3189:Electric history
3184:Military history
3098:Ancient Persians
3006:
3005:shootdown (1988)
2988:
2975:
2972:Iranian Embassy
2942:
2931:
2929:Islamic Republic
2918:
2910:1953 coup d'état
2885:
2872:
2871:
2830:
2827:Khanates of the
2822:
2814:
2806:
2798:
2790:
2782:
2774:
2755:
2747:
2739:
2731:
2724:
2716:
2708:
2700:
2692:
2684:
2665:
2657:
2649:
2641:
2633:
2625:
2617:
2609:
2601:
2588:
2587:
2569:
2550:
2542:
2534:
2526:
2518:
2510:
2502:
2494:
2486:
2467:
2459:
2451:
2443:
2435:
2427:
2419:
2411:
2403:
2395:
2387:
2379:
2366:
2365:
2350:
2349:
2337:
2336:
2321:
2314:
2307:
2298:
2297:
2239:
2238:
2218:
2212:
2211:
2191:
2185:
2184:
2164:
2151:
2150:
2136:
2130:
2129:
2109:
2088:
2087:
2085:
2074:
2063:
2062:
2060:
2049:
2043:
2040:
2034:
2031:
2025:
2024:
2004:
1998:
1997:
1976:
1967:
1966:
1955:
1949:
1948:
1928:
1922:
1921:
1912:
1906:
1903:
1897:
1896:
1889:
1883:
1882:
1862:
1856:
1855:
1835:
1829:
1828:
1808:
1802:
1801:
1781:
1775:
1774:
1754:
1722:
1717:
1716:
1700:
1693:
1686:
1555:Chupanid dynasty
1495:Sultanate of Rum
1455:Ghaznavid Empire
1445:Sallarid dynasty
1395:Saffarid dynasty
1321:
1320:
1278:Bagratid Armenia
1238:Afrighid dynasty
1214:
1213:
1156:Caucasian Iberia
1140:331 BCE – 428 CE
1116:Scythian Kingdom
1080:10th–7th century
971:
950:
949:
917:
916:
904:
892:
872:
860:
848:
828:
809:
797:
785:
773:
757:
741:
722:
702:
662:Dada (c. 715 BC)
563:
543:
502:. Most notably,
492:Nebuchadnezzar I
404:
374:
338:Sargon the Great
206:Simurrum kingdom
191:Zagros Mountains
177:were a group of
168:
156:
53:
38:
30:
29:
21:
4608:
4607:
4603:
4602:
4601:
4599:
4598:
4597:
4573:Akkadian Empire
4563:
4562:
4561:
4556:
4520:
4490:
4469:Rap and hip-hop
4440:
4421:Public holidays
4406:Persian gardens
4395:Imperial Anthem
4386:National Jewels
4341:Iranian studies
4230:
4164:
4116:
4048:
4009:Persian (Farsi)
3982:
3961:
3930:
3892:
3885:
3820:Pharmaceuticals
3765:
3756:Venture capital
3731:Rial (currency)
3716:Nuclear program
3595:
3574:
3541:
3500:
3451:Nuclear program
3416:Judicial system
3338:
3321:
3292:Iranian plateau
3219:
3198:
3082:
3004:
2986:
2973:
2941:History (1979–)
2940:
2932:
2927:
2922:
2916:
2883:
2859:
2828:
2820:
2812:
2804:
2796:
2788:
2780:
2772:
2759:
2753:
2745:
2737:
2729:
2722:
2714:
2706:
2698:
2690:
2682:
2669:
2663:
2655:
2647:
2639:
2631:
2623:
2615:
2607:
2599:
2583:
2573:
2567:
2554:
2548:
2540:
2532:
2524:
2516:
2508:
2500:
2492:
2484:
2471:
2465:
2464:Neo-Babylonian
2457:
2449:
2442:(860 BC–590 BC)
2441:
2433:
2425:
2417:
2410:(c.2300–675 BC)
2409:
2401:
2393:
2385:
2377:
2357:
2344:
2331:
2325:
2248:
2243:
2242:
2235:
2219:
2215:
2208:
2192:
2188:
2181:
2165:
2154:
2137:
2133:
2126:
2110:
2091:
2083:
2075:
2066:
2058:
2050:
2046:
2041:
2037:
2032:
2028:
2021:
2005:
2001:
1994:
1977:
1970:
1957:
1956:
1952:
1945:
1929:
1925:
1914:
1913:
1909:
1904:
1900:
1891:
1890:
1886:
1879:
1863:
1859:
1852:
1836:
1832:
1825:
1809:
1805:
1798:
1782:
1778:
1771:
1755:
1751:
1746:
1718:
1711:
1704:
1675:
1674:
1425:Ziyarid dynasty
1375:Dulafid dynasty
1365:Tahirid dynasty
1318:
1308:
1307:
1268:Dabuyid dynasty
1228:Sasanian Empire
1212:
1202:27 BCE – 330 CE
1191:
1176:Parthian Empire
1146:Seleucid Empire
942:
915:
908:
905:
896:
893:
884:
873:
864:
861:
852:
849:
840:
829:
820:
813:
810:
801:
798:
789:
786:
777:
774:
765:
758:
749:
742:
733:
723:
714:
711:Parthian Empire
703:
694:
688:
672:
594:
588:
575:
574:
573:
572:
571:
564:
556:
555:
548:Akkadian Empire
544:
535:
534:
528:
526:Representations
472:
454:Another famous
425:(Ur-III) ruler
411:
405:
398:
375:
368:
342:Akkadian Empire
318:Musée du Louvre
306:Akkadian Empire
294:
254:
249:
134:
116:
106:
65:
56:
39:
35:
34:Lullubi Kingdom
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4606:
4596:
4595:
4590:
4585:
4580:
4575:
4558:
4557:
4555:
4554:
4544:
4533:
4530:
4529:
4526:
4525:
4522:
4521:
4519:
4518:
4513:
4508:
4502:
4500:
4496:
4495:
4492:
4491:
4489:
4488:
4481:
4476:
4471:
4466:
4461:
4456:
4450:
4448:
4442:
4441:
4439:
4438:
4428:
4423:
4418:
4413:
4408:
4403:
4398:
4388:
4383:
4378:
4372:
4358:
4353:
4343:
4338:
4333:
4328:
4323:
4313:
4308:
4303:
4298:
4284:
4279:
4274:
4264:
4258:
4248:
4242:
4236:
4235:
4232:
4231:
4229:
4228:
4223:
4218:
4213:
4208:
4202:
4197:
4192:
4183:
4178:
4172:
4170:
4166:
4165:
4163:
4162:
4157:
4147:
4142:
4132:
4126:
4124:
4118:
4117:
4115:
4114:
4113:
4112:
4107:
4102:
4097:
4092:
4087:
4082:
4077:
4067:
4056:
4054:
4050:
4049:
4047:
4046:
4041:
4036:
4031:
4026:
4021:
4016:
4011:
4005:
4003:
3994:
3984:
3983:
3971:
3970:
3967:
3966:
3963:
3962:
3960:
3959:
3954:
3949:
3944:
3938:
3936:
3932:
3931:
3929:
3928:
3923:
3918:
3913:
3908:
3903:
3897:
3895:
3887:
3886:
3884:
3883:
3878:
3872:
3867:
3862:
3853:
3843:
3833:
3828:
3823:
3813:
3808:
3803:
3802:
3801:
3796:
3786:
3775:
3773:
3767:
3766:
3764:
3763:
3753:
3748:
3743:
3738:
3733:
3728:
3723:
3713:
3708:
3703:
3698:
3693:
3688:
3683:
3678:
3673:
3668:
3663:
3658:
3653:
3648:
3643:
3638:
3633:
3628:
3618:
3613:
3607:
3605:
3597:
3596:
3584:
3583:
3580:
3579:
3576:
3575:
3573:
3572:
3570:Supreme Leader
3567:
3562:
3557:
3551:
3549:
3543:
3542:
3540:
3539:
3534:
3532:Local councils
3529:
3524:
3519:
3514:
3508:
3506:
3502:
3501:
3499:
3498:
3493:
3488:
3478:
3473:
3468:
3463:
3458:
3448:
3443:
3438:
3432:
3427:
3418:
3413:
3412:
3411:
3409:Women's rights
3406:
3401:
3391:
3386:
3381:
3371:
3366:
3356:
3350:
3348:
3340:
3339:
3327:
3326:
3323:
3322:
3320:
3319:
3314:
3309:
3304:
3299:
3294:
3289:
3284:
3279:
3274:
3269:
3264:
3263:
3262:
3260:Climate change
3252:
3247:
3246:
3245:
3240:
3230:
3224:
3221:
3220:
3208:
3207:
3204:
3203:
3200:
3199:
3197:
3196:
3191:
3186:
3181:
3176:
3171:
3166:
3161:
3156:
3151:
3146:
3144:Jiroft culture
3141:
3140:
3139:
3132:Iranic peoples
3129:
3128:
3127:
3126:
3125:
3120:
3108:Persianization
3105:
3100:
3094:
3092:
3088:
3087:
3084:
3083:
3081:
3080:
3075:
3070:
3065:
3060:
3055:
3050:
3045:
3044:
3043:
3033:
3028:
3023:
3018:
3013:
3008:
3000:
2995:
2990:
2982:
2977:
2969:
2964:
2959:
2954:
2949:
2944:
2936:
2934:
2924:
2923:
2921:
2920:
2912:
2907:
2902:
2897:
2892:
2887:
2878:
2876:
2869:
2865:
2864:
2861:
2860:
2858:
2857:
2852:
2847:
2842:
2837:
2832:
2824:
2816:
2808:
2800:
2792:
2784:
2776:
2767:
2765:
2761:
2760:
2758:
2757:
2749:
2741:
2733:
2726:
2718:
2715:(1135/36-1225)
2710:
2702:
2694:
2686:
2677:
2675:
2671:
2670:
2668:
2667:
2659:
2651:
2643:
2635:
2627:
2619:
2611:
2603:
2594:
2592:
2585:
2579:
2578:
2575:
2574:
2572:
2571:
2562:
2560:
2556:
2555:
2553:
2552:
2544:
2536:
2528:
2525:(c.295–220 BC)
2520:
2512:
2504:
2496:
2488:
2479:
2477:
2473:
2472:
2470:
2469:
2461:
2453:
2445:
2437:
2429:
2421:
2413:
2405:
2397:
2389:
2384:Proto-Elamite
2381:
2372:
2370:
2363:
2359:
2358:
2346:
2345:
2333:
2332:
2324:
2323:
2316:
2309:
2301:
2295:
2294:
2289:
2284:
2281:
2278:
2275:
2272:
2269:
2265:
2262:
2259:
2254:
2247:
2244:
2241:
2240:
2233:
2213:
2206:
2186:
2179:
2152:
2131:
2124:
2089:
2064:
2044:
2035:
2033:Qashqai, 2011.
2026:
2019:
1999:
1992:
1968:
1950:
1943:
1923:
1907:
1898:
1884:
1877:
1857:
1850:
1830:
1823:
1803:
1796:
1776:
1769:
1748:
1747:
1745:
1742:
1741:
1740:
1735:
1730:
1724:
1723:
1706:
1705:
1703:
1702:
1695:
1688:
1680:
1677:
1676:
1671:
1670:
1667:
1661:
1660:
1657:
1655:Durrani Empire
1651:
1650:
1647:
1641:
1640:
1637:
1631:
1630:
1627:
1621:
1620:
1617:
1611:
1610:
1607:
1605:Safavid Empire
1601:
1600:
1597:
1591:
1590:
1587:
1581:
1580:
1577:
1575:Timurid Empire
1571:
1570:
1567:
1561:
1560:
1557:
1551:
1550:
1547:
1541:
1540:
1537:
1535:Ottoman Empire
1531:
1530:
1527:
1521:
1520:
1517:
1511:
1510:
1507:
1501:
1500:
1497:
1491:
1490:
1487:
1481:
1480:
1477:
1471:
1470:
1469:pre-879 – 1215
1467:
1465:Ghurid dynasty
1461:
1460:
1457:
1451:
1450:
1447:
1441:
1440:
1437:
1431:
1430:
1427:
1421:
1420:
1417:
1411:
1410:
1407:
1405:Samanid Empire
1401:
1400:
1397:
1391:
1390:
1387:
1381:
1380:
1377:
1371:
1370:
1367:
1361:
1360:
1357:
1351:
1350:
1347:
1341:
1340:
1337:
1331:
1330:
1327:
1319:
1314:
1313:
1310:
1309:
1304:
1303:
1300:
1294:
1293:
1290:
1284:
1283:
1280:
1274:
1273:
1270:
1264:
1263:
1260:
1254:
1253:
1250:
1244:
1243:
1240:
1234:
1233:
1230:
1224:
1223:
1220:
1204:
1203:
1200:
1194:
1193:
1192:8th century CE
1188:
1182:
1181:
1180:248 BCE–224 CE
1178:
1172:
1171:
1168:
1162:
1161:
1158:
1152:
1151:
1148:
1142:
1141:
1138:
1132:
1131:
1128:
1122:
1121:
1118:
1112:
1111:
1108:
1102:
1101:
1098:
1092:
1091:
1088:
1082:
1081:
1078:
1072:
1071:
1068:
1066:Avestan period
1062:
1061:
1058:
1052:
1051:
1049:
1043:
1042:
1040:
1034:
1033:
1031:
1025:
1024:
1022:
1012:
1011:
1009:
1003:
1002:
1000:
998:Jiroft culture
994:
993:
990:
984:
983:
980:
974:
973:
972:3400 – c. 2000
967:
961:
960:
958:
943:
940:
939:
936:
935:
928:
927:
914:
911:
910:
909:
906:
899:
897:
894:
887:
885:
874:
867:
865:
862:
855:
853:
850:
843:
841:
830:
823:
819:
816:
815:
814:
811:
804:
802:
799:
792:
790:
787:
780:
778:
775:
768:
766:
759:
752:
750:
743:
736:
734:
730:Sarpol-e Zahab
724:
717:
715:
707:Sarpol-e Zahab
704:
697:
690:Main article:
687:
684:
671:
668:
667:
666:
663:
660:
657:
654:
651:
645:
639:
636:
633:
611:
601:
587:
584:
565:
558:
557:
545:
538:
537:
536:
532:
531:
530:
529:
527:
524:
471:
468:
410:
407:
396:
366:
293:
290:
253:
250:
248:
245:
193:of modern-day
139:
138:
129:
125:
124:
121:
120:
117:
114:
111:
110:
107:
104:
101:
100:
97:
96:
91:
90:Historical era
87:
86:
83:
79:
78:
75:
71:
70:
69:(inscriptions)
62:
58:
57:
54:
46:
45:
44:3100 BC–675 BC
41:
40:
33:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4605:
4594:
4591:
4589:
4586:
4584:
4581:
4579:
4576:
4574:
4571:
4570:
4568:
4553:
4549:
4545:
4543:
4535:
4534:
4531:
4517:
4514:
4512:
4509:
4507:
4504:
4503:
4501:
4497:
4487:
4486:
4482:
4480:
4477:
4475:
4472:
4470:
4467:
4465:
4462:
4460:
4457:
4455:
4452:
4451:
4449:
4447:
4443:
4436:
4432:
4429:
4427:
4424:
4422:
4419:
4417:
4414:
4412:
4409:
4407:
4404:
4402:
4399:
4396:
4392:
4389:
4387:
4384:
4382:
4379:
4376:
4373:
4370:
4366:
4365:news agencies
4362:
4359:
4357:
4354:
4351:
4347:
4344:
4342:
4339:
4337:
4334:
4332:
4329:
4327:
4324:
4321:
4317:
4314:
4312:
4309:
4307:
4304:
4302:
4299:
4296:
4294:
4288:
4285:
4283:
4280:
4278:
4275:
4272:
4268:
4265:
4262:
4259:
4257:
4253:
4250:
4249:
4246:
4243:
4241:
4237:
4227:
4224:
4222:
4219:
4217:
4214:
4212:
4209:
4206:
4203:
4201:
4198:
4196:
4193:
4191:
4187:
4184:
4182:
4179:
4177:
4174:
4173:
4171:
4167:
4161:
4158:
4155:
4151:
4148:
4146:
4143:
4140:
4136:
4133:
4131:
4128:
4127:
4125:
4123:
4119:
4111:
4108:
4106:
4103:
4101:
4098:
4096:
4093:
4091:
4088:
4086:
4083:
4081:
4078:
4076:
4073:
4072:
4071:
4068:
4065:
4061:
4058:
4057:
4055:
4051:
4045:
4042:
4040:
4037:
4035:
4032:
4030:
4027:
4025:
4022:
4020:
4017:
4015:
4012:
4010:
4007:
4006:
4004:
4002:
3998:
3995:
3993:
3989:
3985:
3981:
3976:
3972:
3958:
3955:
3953:
3950:
3948:
3945:
3943:
3940:
3939:
3937:
3933:
3927:
3924:
3922:
3919:
3917:
3914:
3912:
3909:
3907:
3904:
3902:
3899:
3898:
3896:
3894:
3888:
3882:
3879:
3876:
3873:
3871:
3868:
3866:
3863:
3861:
3857:
3854:
3851:
3847:
3844:
3841:
3837:
3834:
3832:
3829:
3827:
3824:
3821:
3817:
3814:
3812:
3809:
3807:
3804:
3800:
3797:
3795:
3792:
3791:
3790:
3787:
3784:
3780:
3777:
3776:
3774:
3772:
3768:
3761:
3757:
3754:
3752:
3749:
3747:
3744:
3742:
3739:
3737:
3734:
3732:
3729:
3727:
3726:Privatization
3724:
3721:
3717:
3714:
3712:
3709:
3707:
3704:
3702:
3699:
3697:
3694:
3692:
3689:
3687:
3684:
3682:
3679:
3677:
3674:
3672:
3669:
3667:
3664:
3662:
3659:
3657:
3654:
3652:
3649:
3647:
3644:
3642:
3639:
3637:
3634:
3632:
3629:
3626:
3622:
3619:
3617:
3614:
3612:
3609:
3608:
3606:
3602:
3598:
3594:
3589:
3585:
3571:
3568:
3566:
3563:
3561:
3558:
3556:
3553:
3552:
3550:
3548:
3544:
3538:
3535:
3533:
3530:
3528:
3525:
3523:
3520:
3518:
3515:
3513:
3510:
3509:
3507:
3503:
3497:
3494:
3492:
3489:
3486:
3482:
3479:
3477:
3474:
3472:
3469:
3467:
3464:
3462:
3459:
3456:
3452:
3449:
3447:
3444:
3442:
3439:
3436:
3433:
3431:
3428:
3426:
3422:
3419:
3417:
3414:
3410:
3407:
3405:
3402:
3400:
3397:
3396:
3395:
3392:
3390:
3387:
3385:
3382:
3379:
3375:
3372:
3370:
3367:
3364:
3360:
3357:
3355:
3352:
3351:
3349:
3345:
3341:
3337:
3332:
3328:
3318:
3315:
3313:
3310:
3308:
3305:
3303:
3300:
3298:
3295:
3293:
3290:
3288:
3285:
3283:
3280:
3278:
3275:
3273:
3270:
3268:
3265:
3261:
3258:
3257:
3256:
3253:
3251:
3248:
3244:
3241:
3239:
3236:
3235:
3234:
3231:
3229:
3226:
3225:
3222:
3218:
3213:
3209:
3195:
3194:Years in Iran
3192:
3190:
3187:
3185:
3182:
3180:
3177:
3175:
3172:
3170:
3167:
3165:
3162:
3160:
3157:
3155:
3152:
3150:
3147:
3145:
3142:
3138:
3135:
3134:
3133:
3130:
3124:
3121:
3119:
3118:Turco-Persian
3116:
3115:
3114:
3111:
3110:
3109:
3106:
3104:
3101:
3099:
3096:
3095:
3093:
3089:
3079:
3076:
3074:
3071:
3069:
3066:
3064:
3061:
3059:
3056:
3054:
3051:
3049:
3046:
3042:
3039:
3038:
3037:
3034:
3032:
3029:
3027:
3024:
3022:
3019:
3017:
3014:
3012:
3009:
3007:
3001:
2999:
2996:
2994:
2991:
2989:
2987:War (1980–88)
2983:
2981:
2978:
2976:
2970:
2968:
2965:
2963:
2960:
2958:
2955:
2953:
2950:
2948:
2945:
2943:
2938:
2937:
2935:
2930:
2925:
2919:
2913:
2911:
2908:
2906:
2903:
2901:
2898:
2896:
2893:
2891:
2888:
2886:
2880:
2879:
2877:
2873:
2870:
2866:
2856:
2853:
2851:
2848:
2846:
2843:
2841:
2838:
2836:
2833:
2831:
2825:
2823:
2817:
2815:
2809:
2807:
2801:
2799:
2793:
2791:
2785:
2783:
2779:Qara Qoyunlu
2777:
2775:
2769:
2768:
2766:
2762:
2756:
2750:
2748:
2742:
2740:
2734:
2732:
2727:
2725:
2719:
2717:
2711:
2709:
2703:
2701:
2695:
2693:
2687:
2685:
2679:
2678:
2676:
2672:
2666:
2660:
2658:
2652:
2650:
2644:
2642:
2636:
2634:
2628:
2626:
2620:
2618:
2612:
2610:
2604:
2602:
2596:
2595:
2593:
2589:
2586:
2580:
2570:
2564:
2563:
2561:
2557:
2551:
2545:
2543:
2537:
2535:
2529:
2527:
2521:
2519:
2513:
2511:
2505:
2503:
2497:
2495:
2489:
2487:
2481:
2480:
2478:
2476:550 BC–AD 224
2474:
2468:
2462:
2460:
2454:
2452:
2446:
2444:
2438:
2436:
2432:Neo-Assyrian
2430:
2428:
2422:
2420:
2414:
2412:
2406:
2404:
2398:
2396:
2390:
2388:
2382:
2380:
2374:
2373:
2371:
2367:
2364:
2360:
2356:
2351:
2347:
2343:
2338:
2334:
2329:
2322:
2317:
2315:
2310:
2308:
2303:
2302:
2299:
2293:
2290:
2288:
2285:
2282:
2279:
2276:
2273:
2270:
2266:
2263:
2260:
2258:
2255:
2253:
2250:
2249:
2236:
2234:9780802058737
2230:
2226:
2225:
2217:
2209:
2207:9781438453255
2203:
2199:
2198:
2190:
2182:
2180:9781438453255
2176:
2172:
2171:
2163:
2161:
2159:
2157:
2148:
2144:
2143:
2135:
2127:
2125:9781438453255
2121:
2117:
2116:
2108:
2106:
2104:
2102:
2100:
2098:
2096:
2094:
2082:
2081:
2073:
2071:
2069:
2057:
2056:
2048:
2039:
2030:
2022:
2020:9780521086912
2016:
2012:
2011:
2003:
1995:
1993:9781890951849
1989:
1985:
1984:
1975:
1973:
1964:
1960:
1954:
1946:
1944:9781134520626
1940:
1936:
1935:
1927:
1919:
1918:
1911:
1902:
1894:
1888:
1880:
1878:9781134520626
1874:
1870:
1869:
1861:
1853:
1847:
1843:
1842:
1834:
1826:
1820:
1816:
1815:
1807:
1799:
1793:
1789:
1788:
1780:
1772:
1766:
1762:
1761:
1753:
1749:
1739:
1736:
1734:
1731:
1729:
1726:
1725:
1721:
1715:
1710:
1701:
1696:
1694:
1689:
1687:
1682:
1681:
1679:
1678:
1668:
1666:
1663:
1662:
1658:
1656:
1653:
1652:
1648:
1646:
1643:
1642:
1638:
1636:
1635:Afsharid Iran
1633:
1632:
1628:
1626:
1625:Hotak dynasty
1623:
1622:
1618:
1616:
1615:Mughal Empire
1613:
1612:
1608:
1606:
1603:
1602:
1598:
1596:
1593:
1592:
1588:
1586:
1583:
1582:
1578:
1576:
1573:
1572:
1568:
1566:
1563:
1562:
1558:
1556:
1553:
1552:
1548:
1546:
1543:
1542:
1538:
1536:
1533:
1532:
1528:
1526:
1523:
1522:
1518:
1516:
1513:
1512:
1508:
1506:
1503:
1502:
1498:
1496:
1493:
1492:
1488:
1486:
1483:
1482:
1478:
1476:
1475:Seljuk Empire
1473:
1472:
1468:
1466:
1463:
1462:
1458:
1456:
1453:
1452:
1448:
1446:
1443:
1442:
1438:
1436:
1435:Buyid dynasty
1433:
1432:
1428:
1426:
1423:
1422:
1418:
1416:
1415:Sajid dynasty
1413:
1412:
1408:
1406:
1403:
1402:
1398:
1396:
1393:
1392:
1388:
1386:
1383:
1382:
1378:
1376:
1373:
1372:
1368:
1366:
1363:
1362:
1358:
1356:
1353:
1352:
1348:
1346:
1343:
1342:
1338:
1336:
1333:
1332:
1328:
1326:
1323:
1322:
1317:
1312:
1311:
1301:
1299:
1296:
1295:
1291:
1289:
1286:
1285:
1281:
1279:
1276:
1275:
1271:
1269:
1266:
1265:
1261:
1259:
1256:
1255:
1251:
1249:
1246:
1245:
1241:
1239:
1236:
1235:
1231:
1229:
1226:
1225:
1221:
1219:
1218:Kushan Empire
1216:
1215:
1211:
1210:
1201:
1199:
1196:
1195:
1189:
1187:
1184:
1183:
1179:
1177:
1174:
1173:
1169:
1167:
1164:
1163:
1159:
1157:
1154:
1153:
1149:
1147:
1144:
1143:
1139:
1137:
1134:
1133:
1129:
1127:
1124:
1123:
1119:
1117:
1114:
1113:
1109:
1107:
1106:Median Empire
1104:
1103:
1099:
1097:
1094:
1093:
1089:
1087:
1084:
1083:
1079:
1077:
1074:
1073:
1069:
1067:
1064:
1063:
1059:
1057:
1054:
1053:
1050:
1048:
1045:
1044:
1041:
1039:
1036:
1035:
1032:
1030:
1027:
1026:
1023:
1021:
1017:
1014:
1013:
1010:
1008:
1005:
1004:
1001:
999:
996:
995:
991:
989:
986:
985:
981:
979:
976:
975:
968:
966:
963:
962:
959:
957:
956:
952:
951:
948:
947:
938:
937:
934:
930:
929:
923:
919:
918:
903:
898:
891:
886:
882:
878:
871:
866:
859:
854:
847:
842:
838:
834:
827:
822:
821:
808:
803:
796:
791:
784:
779:
772:
767:
763:
756:
751:
747:
740:
735:
731:
727:
721:
716:
712:
708:
701:
696:
695:
693:
683:
681:
677:
664:
661:
658:
655:
652:
649:
646:
643:
640:
637:
634:
631:
627:
623:
619:
615:
612:
609:
605:
602:
599:
598:
597:
593:
583:
581:
569:
562:
553:
552:Louvre Museum
549:
542:
523:
521:
515:
513:
509:
505:
501:
497:
493:
489:
485:
481:
477:
467:
465:
461:
457:
450:
446:
442:
438:
436:
432:
428:
424:
415:
402:
395:
393:
387:
385:
381:
372:
365:
361:
359:
355:
351:
347:
343:
339:
331:
326:
319:
315:
311:
307:
303:
298:
289:
287:
283:
279:
278:
273:
269:
265:
261:
260:
244:
242:
241:Indo-European
238:
234:
230:
226:
221:
219:
215:
211:
207:
204:
200:
196:
192:
189:plain of the
188:
184:
180:
176:
172:
164:
160:
152:
148:
145:
137:
133:
130:
128:Today part of
126:
122:
118:
112:
108:
102:
98:
95:
92:
88:
84:
80:
76:
72:
68:
63:
59:
52:
47:
42:
31:
19:
4499:Other topics
4483:
4411:Persian name
4350:Islamization
4292:
4252:Architecture
4205:universities
4150:Zoroastrians
4145:Christianity
4135:Baháʼí Faith
4085:Azerbaijanis
3992:Demographics
3806:Construction
3794:Central Bank
3736:Space Agency
3631:Child labour
3466:Principlists
3446:Cyberwarfare
3394:Human rights
3359:Constitution
3154:Azerbaijanis
3123:Indo-Persian
3103:Greater Iran
2974:siege (1980)
2933:1979–present
2584:early modern
2582:Medieval and
2407:
2376:Kura-Araxes
2223:
2216:
2196:
2189:
2169:
2141:
2134:
2114:
2079:
2054:
2047:
2038:
2029:
2009:
2002:
1982:
1962:
1953:
1933:
1926:
1916:
1910:
1901:
1887:
1867:
1860:
1840:
1833:
1813:
1806:
1786:
1779:
1759:
1752:
1645:Zand dynasty
1525:Kart dynasty
1207:
1198:Roman Empire
1015:
953:
944:
933:Greater Iran
673:
648:Tar ... duni
595:
576:
516:
512:Sulaymaniyah
479:
475:
473:
453:
444:
420:
389:
377:
363:
335:
281:
275:
257:
255:
228:
222:
213:
209:
182:
174:
170:
158:
146:
143:
142:
4516:Tehrangeles
4479:Traditional
4216:Nationality
4154:persecution
4139:persecution
4090:Circassians
4039:Neo-Aramaic
4019:Azerbaijani
3891:State-owned
3816:Health care
3779:Agriculture
3616:Brain drain
3555:Ambassadors
3250:Earthquakes
2787:Aq Qoyunlu
2736:Muzaffarid
2713:Eldiguzids
2705:Anushtegin
2531:Kingdom of
2507:Kingdom of
2499:Kingdom of
2491:Atropatene
2483:Achaemenid
2424:Kingdom of
2369:3400–539 BC
2145:. pp.
1738:Tell Kunara
1720:Asia portal
1355:Shirvanshah
1282:880s – 1045
941:Pre-Islamic
931:History of
456:rock relief
401:Erridupizir
384:Erridupizir
4567:Categories
4416:Philosophy
4375:newspapers
4356:Literature
4261:architects
4256:Achaemenid
4176:Corruption
3636:Corruption
3476:Reformists
3471:Propaganda
3369:Corruption
3354:Censorship
3297:Lake Urmia
2985:Iran–Iraq
2681:Ghaznavid
2559:AD 224–651
2523:Frataraka
2355:Prehistory
1744:References
1665:Qajar Iran
1505:Salghurids
1419:889/90–929
955:Prehistory
875:Relief of
590:See also:
520:Esarhaddon
445:Lullubi-ki
272:Lugalbanda
185:, now the
179:Bronze Age
82:Government
4381:Mythology
4287:Calendars
4277:Astronomy
4186:Education
4095:Georgians
4080:Assyrians
4075:Armenians
4001:Languages
3893:companies
3856:Transport
3836:Petroleum
3621:Companies
3560:President
3547:Officials
3481:Terrorism
3430:Air Force
3374:Elections
3312:Provinces
3307:Mountains
3217:Geography
3137:languages
2875:1925–1979
2803:Afsharid
2764:1370–1925
2752:Chobanid
2646:Saffarid
2598:Rashidun
2566:Sasanian
2547:Kings of
2539:Parthian
2515:Seleucid
2456:Scythian
2416:Kassites
2400:Akkadian
1669:1794–1925
1659:1794–1826
1649:1750–1794
1639:1736–1750
1629:1722–1729
1619:1526–1857
1609:1501–1722
1599:1378–1508
1589:1407–1468
1579:1370–1507
1569:1339–1432
1559:1337–1357
1549:1314–1393
1539:1299–1923
1529:1231–1389
1519:1256–1353
1515:Ilkhanate
1509:1148–1282
1499:1077–1307
1489:1077–1231
1479:1037–1194
1302:1008–1490
1060:2200–1700
982:3200–2800
833:Iddin-Sin
746:Anubanini
618:Naram-Sin
604:Anubanini
460:Anubanini
437:control.
350:Naram Sin
310:Naram-Sin
284:to siege
94:Antiquity
74:Religion
18:Lullubian
4542:Category
4435:football
4426:Scouting
4336:Iranians
4326:Folklore
4122:Religion
4034:Georgian
4014:Armenian
3875:shipping
3870:railways
3860:airlines
3826:Industry
3691:Taxation
3505:Councils
3421:Military
3336:Politics
3317:Wildlife
3282:Caucasus
3164:Persians
3091:See also
2915:Iranian
2882:Pahlavi
2795:Safavid
2771:Timurid
2674:977–1432
2654:Ziyarid
2630:Tahirid
2622:Samanid
2614:Abbasid
2606:Umayyad
2591:632–1090
2408:Lullubi
2392:Elamite
1459:975–1187
1449:941–1062
1439:934–1055
1429:928–1043
1399:861–1003
1359:799–1607
1349:750–1258
1047:Corduene
992:2800–550
946:BCE / BC
913:See also
881:Akkadian
877:Tardunni
837:Simurrum
760:Goddess
628:king of
620:king of
484:Assyrian
435:Sumerian
431:Amar-Sin
397:—
392:Simurrum
367:—
330:Tardunni
282:en route
264:Enmerkar
210:Lulubuna
187:Sharazor
171:Lu-lu-bi
167:𒇻𒇻𒉈𒆠
163:Akkadian
159:Lu-lu-bi
151:Akkadian
144:Lullubi,
85:Monarchy
67:Akkadian
37:𒇻𒇻𒉈𒆠
4485:Ey Iran
4433: (
4393: (
4369:student
4367: (
4363: (
4348: (
4316:Cuisine
4301:Fashion
4289: (
4269: (
4254: (
4240:Culture
4188: (
4152: (
4137: (
4110:Turkmen
4062: (
4053:Peoples
4024:Kurdish
3980:Society
3881:Tourism
3858: (
3848: (
3838: (
3818: (
3811:Defense
3781: (
3771:Sectors
3758: (
3718: (
3623: (
3604:General
3593:Economy
3483: (
3453: (
3423: (
3376: (
3361: (
3347:General
3302:Islands
3238:largest
3228:Borders
2697:Seljuk
2689:Ghurid
2638:Alavid
2448:Median
2440:Urartu
2362:Ancient
2342:History
2257:Lullubi
2246:Sources
1409:819–999
1389:864–928
1379:840–897
1369:821–873
1339:661–750
1329:637–651
1316:Islamic
1272:642–760
1262:565–879
1252:425–557
1242:305–995
1232:224–651
1209:CE / AD
1170:250–125
1150:330–150
1130:550–330
1120:652–625
1110:728–550
1100:860–590
1090:911–609
1038:Cyrtian
1029:Gutians
1016:Lullubi
1007:Mannaea
476:Lullubi
380:Gutians
252:Legends
237:Semitic
233:Hurrian
229:Lullubi
218:Halabja
214:Luluban
203:Hurrian
183:Lulubum
109:3100 BC
4552:Portal
4311:Cinema
4293:Nowruz
4190:higher
4064:abroad
4029:Hebrew
3935:Places
3831:Mining
3656:Energy
3233:Cities
3149:Aryans
2868:Modern
2819:Qajar
2662:Buyid
2330:topics
2231:
2204:
2177:
2122:
2017:
1990:
1941:
1875:
1848:
1821:
1794:
1767:
1288:Alania
1222:30–275
1096:Urartu
762:Ishtar
614:Satuni
586:Rulers
508:Kirkuk
478:" or "
464:Ishtar
427:Shulgi
354:Satuni
346:Gutium
314:Satuni
286:Aratta
175:Lullu,
155:𒇻𒇻𒉈
147:Lulubi
119:675 BC
4446:Music
4431:Sport
4361:Media
4346:Islam
4282:Blogs
4226:Women
4181:Crime
4169:Other
4130:Islam
4100:Kurds
3865:metro
3783:fruit
3741:Setad
2811:Zand
2721:Kart
2268:1966.
2084:(PDF)
2059:(PDF)
1733:Zamua
1020:Zamua
744:King
626:Khita
622:Akkad
500:Zamua
488:Zamua
480:Lullu
358:stele
308:king
4474:Rock
4459:Jazz
4454:Folk
4320:wine
4105:Jews
3435:Navy
3425:Army
3404:LGBT
2328:Iran
2229:ISBN
2202:ISBN
2175:ISBN
2149:–21.
2120:ISBN
2015:ISBN
1988:ISBN
1939:ISBN
1873:ISBN
1846:ISBN
1819:ISBN
1792:ISBN
1765:ISBN
642:Ikki
630:Awan
624:and
510:and
300:The
277:Anzû
268:Uruk
199:Iraq
136:Iran
132:Iraq
4464:Pop
4267:Art
3850:TCI
728:at
266:of
212:or
4569::
2155:^
2147:19
2092:^
2067:^
1971:^
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970:c.
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