891:
879:
530:
550:
815:
772:
796:
784:
689:
728:
760:
847:
835:
859:
744:
430:
1703:
709:
286:
911:
4527:
4537:
403:
314:
40:
814:
890:
878:
383:, instigated the people of Simurrum and Lullubi to revolt. Amnili, general of ... made the land ... Erridu-pizir, the mighty, king of Gutium and of the four quarters hastened him... In a single day he captured the pass of Urbillum at Mount Mummum. Further, he captured Nirishuha.
671:. They all show a ruler trampling an enemy, and most also show a deity facing the ruler. Another relief can be found about 200 meters away, in a style similar to the Anubanini relief, but this time with a beardless ruler. The attribution to a specific ruler remains uncertain.
506:
They were said to have had 19 walled cities in their land, as well as a large supply of horses, cattle, metals, textiles and wine, which were carried off by Ashur-nasir-pal. Local chiefs or governors of the Zamua region continued to be mentioned down to the end of
566:
In depictions of them, the
Lullubi are represented as warlike mountain people. The Lullubi are often shown bare-chested and wearing animal skins. They have short beards, their hair is long and worn in a thick braid, as can be seen on the
2256:
D’yakonov, I. M., "Istoriya Midii ot drevenĭshikh vremen do kontsa IV beka de e.E" (The history of Media from ancient times to the end of the 4th century BCE), Moscow and
Leningrad, 1956; tr. Karim Kešāvarz as Tāriḵ-e Mād, Tehran,
688:
858:
2253:
Cameron, George, "History of Early Iran", Chicago, 1936 (repr., Chicago, 1969; tr. E.-J. Levin, L’histoire de l’Iran antique, Paris, 1937; tr. H. Anusheh, ایران در سپیده دم تاریخ, Tehran, 1993)
455:, captives in tow, is now thought to date to the Ur-III period; however, a later Babylonian legendary retelling of the exploits of Sargon the Great mentions Anubanini as one of his opponents.
3029:
1967:"The hair of the Lullubi is long and worn in a thick braid. They wear animal skins, while the Akkadian soldiers wear the proper attire for battle, helmets and military tunics." in
3019:
846:
834:
771:
1686:
820:
Sar-e Pol-e Zahab, relief I. Beardless warrior with axe, trampling a foe. Sundisk above. A name "Zaba(zuna), son of ..." can be read. This is possibly the son of
783:
487:
of
Assyria (in 1113 BC) claim to have subdued it. Neo-Assyrian kings of the following centuries also recorded campaigns and conquests in the area of Lullubum /
580:
2031:
Legrain, 1922; Cameron, 1936; D’yakonov, 1956; The
Cambridge History of Iran; Hinz, 1972; The Cambridge Ancient History; Majidzadeh, 1991; Majidzadeh, 1997.
708:
795:
4188:
3041:
555:
Lullubi victim with pointed beard and long braided hair. Rock relief at
Darband-iGawr. The depiction of the vanquished Lullubis is also similar in the
4294:
2276:
Legrain, Leon, "Historical
Fragments", Philadelphia, The University of Pennsylvania Museum Publications of the Babylonian Section, vol. XIII, 1922.
3708:
3699:
3443:
2955:
495:
had to suppress a revolt among the
Lullubian / Zamuan chiefs in 881 BC, during which they constructed a wall in the Bazian pass (between modern
2940:
1679:
3231:
3009:
1044:
3377:
2893:
759:
529:
1672:
4576:
2928:
2067:
2042:
3553:
3404:
3167:
2250:
Qashqai, Hamidreza, Chronicle of early Iran history, Tehran, Avegan press, 2011 (in
Persian: گاهنمای سپیده دم تاریخ در ایران )
4571:
3899:
3729:
3674:
3543:
3409:
2307:
1838:
1811:
1784:
1757:
3061:
3051:
4259:
4209:
3935:
3469:
353:"Naram-Sin the powerful . . . . Sidur and Sutuni, princes of the Lulubi, gathered together and they made war against me."
3484:
3473:
3418:
3366:
3221:
3024:
727:
2275:
896:
Detail, a dead or dying
Lullubian warrior, Darband-i Gawr rock-relief, Mt. Qaradagh, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq, 2200-2000 BCE
884:
Detail, a dead or dying
Lullubian warrior. Darband-i Gawr rock-relief, Mt. Qaradagh, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq, 2200-2000 BCE
3914:
3858:
3838:
3654:
3629:
3525:
3449:
3351:
2981:
2823:
2221:
2194:
2167:
2112:
2007:
1980:
1931:
1865:
3748:
4566:
4379:
3945:
549:
39:
3889:
3429:
3265:
3260:
2999:
2626:
2281:
Vallat, Francois. Elam: The History of Elam. Encyclopaedia Iranica, vol. VIII pp. 301-313. London/New York, 1998.
1373:
4494:
4319:
4199:
4183:
3669:
3604:
3505:
3454:
3226:
3177:
3162:
3066:
3056:
3036:
2828:
2487:
1828:
1801:
1124:
743:
4127:
2898:
2838:
4353:
3794:
3777:
3684:
3659:
3515:
3423:
3413:
1144:
247:
4357:
4193:
3909:
3649:
3639:
3387:
3243:
2843:
1947:
1894:
Tischler 1977–2001: vol. 5/6: 70–71. On the Lullubeans in general, see Klengel 1987–1990; Eidem 1992: 50–4.
1774:
4123:
4148:
4142:
4093:
3904:
3734:
3613:
3238:
2272:
Majidzadeh, Yusef, "History and civilization of Mesopotamia", Tehran, Iran University Press, 1997, vol.1.
2240:
596:
639:(precise dates unknown) son of Ikki. His inscription is found not far from the inscription of Anubanini.
4581:
4363:
3824:
3689:
3157:
2935:
2833:
568:
556:
406:
Tablet of Shulgi, glorifies the King and his victories on the Lullubi people, Sulaymaniyah Museum, Iraq
359:
290:
539:, nude, fettered, drawn by nose ring, with pointed beard, long hair and vertical braid. 2350-2000 BC,
422:, Lullubians formed a contingent in the military of Ur, suggesting that the region was then under Neo-
4467:
4058:
3828:
3609:
3535:
3397:
3372:
3295:
3046:
2945:
2888:
2300:
1313:
1304:
4561:
4178:
3968:
3848:
3799:
3771:
3634:
3172:
3086:
2815:
2263:
Hinz, W., "The Lost World of Elam", London, 1972 (tr. F. Firuznia, دنیای گمشده ایلام, Tehran, 1992)
2135:
183:
4409:
4383:
4374:
4244:
4204:
3808:
3744:
3704:
3439:
3290:
3147:
3106:
2364:
1882:"The Languages of the Ancient Near East (in A Companion to the Ancient Near East, 2nd ed., 2007)"
953:
368:
4499:
4138:
3879:
3834:
3558:
3520:
3248:
3004:
1154:
2245:
2211:
2184:
2157:
2102:
1921:
1855:
3787:
3739:
3714:
3434:
3182:
2960:
2878:
2495:
2452:
1747:
1716:
714:
680:
668:
479:. However, the "land of Lullubi" makes a reappearance in the late 12th century BC, when both
437:
213:
868:, a possible Lullubi ruler, also holding weapons and trampling foes, with an inscription in
4338:
4240:
4133:
4073:
4048:
4027:
4007:
3980:
3782:
3724:
3619:
3382:
3347:
3111:
2293:
2269:
Majidzadeh, Yusef, "History and civilization of Elam", Tehran, Iran University Press, 1991.
2129:
429:
8:
4078:
3767:
3500:
3392:
2991:
2986:
2950:
2883:
2732:
2420:
1473:
1074:
411:
321:, known as the Darband-i Belula, the Darband-i Hurin or Sheikhan relief, Kurdistan, Iraq
4442:
4404:
4349:
4344:
4249:
4164:
3804:
3664:
3624:
3464:
3459:
3357:
3342:
3101:
2903:
2724:
2693:
2586:
2343:
1553:
1533:
1286:
943:
606:
492:
338:
298:
306:
4536:
4452:
4369:
4275:
4265:
4174:
4083:
4068:
4063:
4032:
4022:
4012:
4002:
3989:
3844:
3548:
3362:
3300:
3275:
3255:
3205:
3125:
2973:
2602:
2594:
2519:
2471:
2217:
2190:
2163:
2108:
2003:
1976:
1927:
1861:
1834:
1807:
1780:
1753:
1333:
1323:
1174:
1114:
934:
869:
664:
484:
225:
151:
139:
55:
4423:
4414:
4324:
4314:
4270:
4110:
4098:
4052:
3997:
3814:
3679:
3510:
3479:
3324:
3305:
3014:
2634:
1483:
1433:
1383:
1266:
840:
Sar-e Pol-e Zahab, relief III. Beardless warrior trampling a foe, facing a goddess.
480:
326:
232:, and the names of its known rulers have Hurrian or more rarely Semitic influence.
221:
179:
852:
Sar-e Pol-e Zahab, relief IV. Beardless warrior trampling a foe, facing a goddess.
285:
4457:
4394:
4329:
4304:
4289:
4228:
4017:
3869:
3759:
3581:
3280:
3216:
3120:
2968:
2870:
2642:
2618:
2554:
2535:
2527:
2503:
2388:
2330:
1997:
1970:
1904:
1702:
1593:
1413:
1363:
1353:
1256:
1216:
1164:
1134:
699:
610:
536:
330:
294:
82:
4299:
3819:
3644:
3132:
3096:
2759:
2677:
2610:
2436:
2280:
1643:
1563:
1523:
1453:
1393:
1054:
986:
718:
695:
1999:
The Cambridge Ancient History: The Egyptian and Hittite empires to c. 1000 B.C
475:
term for "highlander", while the original region of Lullubi was also known as
4555:
4530:
4434:
4419:
4389:
4334:
4214:
4169:
4118:
4088:
2791:
2685:
2650:
2372:
1623:
1613:
1603:
1463:
1423:
1403:
1206:
1017:
966:
540:
229:
4462:
4447:
4399:
4308:
3853:
3719:
3142:
3091:
2799:
2783:
2767:
2709:
1633:
1573:
1513:
1236:
1186:
921:
618:
500:
337:, which was probably of the same origin as the Lullubi. Sargon's grandson
4540:
4504:
4255:
3940:
3863:
3694:
1726:
1708:
1343:
1246:
694:
The relief is located on the top of a cliff towering over the village of
444:
389:
372:
910:
3894:
3285:
2807:
2775:
2701:
2669:
2479:
1653:
1583:
1493:
1443:
1197:
508:
260:
259:, alludes to the "mountains of Lulubi" as being where the character of
167:
3020:
International military intervention against the Islamic State (2014–)
2740:
2717:
2511:
2444:
2412:
1996:
Bury, John Bagnell; Cook, Stanley Arthur; Adcock, Frank Ezra (1975).
1543:
1503:
1226:
1104:
821:
734:
592:
448:
3930:
3270:
3152:
2404:
1035:
1026:
865:
825:
636:
630:
419:
402:
380:
318:
313:
252:
194:
175:
1881:
4473:
1064:
995:
472:
206:
191:
595:(c. 2350 BC) he ordered to make an inscription on the rock near
418:
is said to have raided Lullubi at least 9 times; by the time of
265:
4279:
3599:
2428:
1752:. Kongelige Danske Videnskabernes Selskab. pp. 22, 51–54.
1276:
1084:
750:
602:
496:
452:
415:
342:
334:
302:
274:
2285:
3137:
1721:
1094:
1008:
614:
488:
476:
423:
346:
170:
tribes during the 3rd millennium BC, from a region known as
2917:
2380:
2316:
1776:
Mesopotamian Origins: The Basic Population of the Near East
976:
301:(standing left) over Lullubi mountain tribe and their king
256:
187:
124:
120:
3895:
Industrial Development and Renovation Organization (IDRO)
789:
Prisoner king (detail). He appears to be wearing a crown.
325:
Lullubum appears in historical times as one of the lands
458:
25:
663:
Various Lullubian reliefs can be seen in the area of
581:
List of rulers of the pre-Achaemenid kingdoms of Iran
280:
269:
bird while searching for the rest of Enmerkar's army
1972:
Rituals of War: The Body and Violence in Mesopotamia
1698:
190:. Lullubi was neighbour and sometimes ally with the
463:
In the following (second) millennium BC, the term "
1830:Nomadism in Iran: From Antiquity to the Modern Era
1749:The Shemshāra Archives 2: The Administrative Texts
777:Prisoners of the Lullubis and their king (detail).
371:, the Lullubians rebelled against the Gutian king
162:"Country of the Lullubi"), more commonly known as
503:) in a failed attempt to keep the Assyrians out.
44:Territory of the Lullubi in the Mesopotamia area.
4553:
2216:. University of Toronto Press. pp. 707 ff.
1779:. University of Pennsylvania Press. p. 90.
16:2300–675 BC Ancient Near Eastern group of tribes
2956:December 1979 Iranian constitutional referendum
3042:2018–2019 Iranian general strikes and protests
2941:March 1979 Iranian Islamic Republic referendum
2075:. The University of Chicago Press. p. 41.
2050:. The University of Chicago Press. p. 35.
1995:
293:(circa 2250 BC), commemorating the victory of
212:The language of the Lullubi is regarded as an
2824:Persian Constitutional Revolution (1905–1911)
2301:
1680:
522:Defeated Lullubis in Akkadian representations
3900:Iran Aviation Industries Organization (IAIO)
471:" seems to have become a generic Babylonian/
3010:2009 Iranian presidential election protests
1923:Warfare in the Ancient Near East to 1600 BC
1857:Warfare in the Ancient Near East to 1600 BC
1745:
801:Anubanini rock relief Akkadian inscription.
3516:Islamic Consultative Assembly (parliament)
3378:Government of the Islamic Republic of Iran
2894:1949 Iranian Constituent Assembly election
2308:
2294:
1687:
1673:
375:, according to the latter's inscriptions:
38:
3025:Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (2015)
2151:
2149:
2147:
2145:
2127:
333:, along with the neighboring province of
2844:Arab separatism in Khuzestan (1922–2020)
2186:Approaching Monumentality in Archaeology
2159:Approaching Monumentality in Archaeology
2104:Approaching Monumentality in Archaeology
2061:
2059:
2057:
1799:
806:
674:
428:
401:
312:
284:
235:
3630:Economic Cooperation Organization (ECO)
2182:
2155:
2100:
2065:
2040:
2025:
2016:
1968:
1919:
1853:
1833:. Oxford University Press. p. 36.
1773:Speiser, Ephraim Avigdor (2017-01-30).
1772:
658:
4554:
3168:History of democracy in classical Iran
2209:
2142:
2096:
2094:
2092:
2090:
2088:
2086:
2084:
2082:
1746:Eidem, Jesper; Læssøe, Jørgen (1992).
648:Hubaia (c. 830 BC) vassal of Assyrians
397:
367:After the Akkadian Empire fell to the
197:. Frayne (1990) identified their city
3966:
3890:Defense Industries Organization (DIO)
3675:Iran and the World Trade Organization
3579:
3322:
3203:
2328:
2289:
2054:
1963:
1961:
1826:
667:, the best preserved of which is the
451:with the Assyrian-Babylonian goddess
3062:2021 Sistan and Baluchestan protests
3052:2019 Sistan and Baluchestan protests
2213:Old Babylonian Period (2003-1595 BC)
459:Babylonian and Assyrian interactions
341:defeated the Lullubi and their king
228:or the yet to arrive in the region
4295:Chicago Persian antiquities dispute
3936:Chabahar Free Trade-Industrial Zone
3910:National Iranian Oil Company (NIOC)
3709:UN Security Council Resolution 1747
3444:UN Security Council Resolution 1747
2079:
1989:
765:Prisoners of the Lullubis (detail).
216:because it is unattested. The term
13:
2834:Kurdish separatism in Iran (1918–)
2203:
1958:
909:
514:
436:("Country of the Lullubi") on the
281:Akkadian empire and Gutian dynasty
14:
4593:
3905:Iran Electronics Industries (IEI)
3526:Supreme National Security Council
3352:Persian Constitutional Revolution
2982:Interim Government of Iran (1981)
2889:Insurgency in Balochistan (1948–)
2879:Shatt al-Arab dispute (1936–1975)
2002:. University Press. p. 505.
410:Following the Gutian period, the
205:with the region's modern town of
4535:
4526:
4525:
3501:Assembly (or Council) of Experts
2189:. SUNY Press. pp. 123–124.
2162:. SUNY Press. pp. 123–124.
2131:Relief Sculptures de Iran Ancien
1948:"Louvre Museum Official Website"
1906:Babylonian & Oriental Record
1701:
889:
877:
857:
845:
833:
813:
794:
782:
770:
758:
742:
726:
721:, also called Sarpol-e Zahab II.
707:
687:
548:
528:
3700:Military equipment manufactured
3266:Caspian Hyrcanian mixed forests
3030:United States withdrawal (2018)
2951:Iran hostage crisis (1979–1981)
2315:
2176:
2121:
2034:
1940:
1926:. Routledge. pp. 115–116.
1860:. Routledge. pp. 115–116.
585:Rulers of the Lullubi kingdom:
483:of Babylon (in c. 1120 BC) and
4577:Unclassified languages of Asia
4260:modern / contemporary
3506:Expediency Discernment Council
2829:1908 bombardment of the Majlis
2818:Caucasus (18th–20th centuries)
2342:
1913:
1897:
1888:
1874:
1847:
1820:
1793:
1766:
1739:
605:(c. 2270 BC contemporary with
1:
3474:state-sponsorship allegations
3204:
2266:The Cambridge Ancient History
2260:The Cambridge History of Iran
1800:Campbell, Lyle (2017-10-03).
1732:
958:
447:depicting the Lullubian king
345:, and had his famous victory
248:Lugalbanda and the Anzud Bird
4572:History of Lorestan province
3931:Asaluyeh industrial corridor
3323:
3232:twin towns and sister cities
2538:Persis (after 132 BC–AD 224)
2415:Mannai (10th–7th century BC)
2391:Empire (c.2334 BC–c.2154 BC)
1920:Hamblin, William J. (2006).
1854:Hamblin, William J. (2006).
824:, a ruler of the Kingdom of
358:Akkadian inscription on the
7:
4210:Water supply and sanitation
3967:
3941:Kish Island Free Trade Zone
3580:
3000:KDPI insurgency (1989–1996)
2375:civilization (3100–2700 BC)
2329:
2107:. SUNY Press. p. 123.
2066:Cameron, George G. (1936).
2041:Cameron, George G. (1936).
1975:. Zone Books. p. 109.
901:
245:The early Sumerian legend "
10:
4598:
3690:Economy of the Middle East
3067:2021–2022 Iranian protests
3057:2019–2020 Iranian protests
3037:2017–2018 Iranian protests
2498:Cappadocia (320s BC–AD 17)
2234:
2183:Osborne, James F. (2014).
2156:Osborne, James F. (2014).
2101:Osborne, James F. (2014).
1281:8th/9th century – 1238 / 9
1125:Ancient kingdom of Armenia
967:Proto-Elamite civilization
678:
642:Nur-Adad (c. 881 – 880 BC)
578:
569:Victory Stele of Naram-Sin
557:Victory Stele of Naram-Sin
535:Barbarian prisoner of the
360:Victory Stele of Naram-Sin
291:Victory Stele of Naram-Sin
240:
155:
143:
4521:
4487:
4433:
4236:
4227:
4157:
4109:
4041:
3988:
3979:
3975:
3962:
3923:
3915:National Development Fund
3878:
3835:Telecommunications and IT
3829:Anglo-Persian Oil Company
3758:
3655:Foreign direct investment
3600:Bonyad (charitable trust)
3592:
3588:
3575:
3534:
3493:
3335:
3331:
3318:
3212:
3199:
3079:
2946:1979 Khuzestan insurgency
2936:Interim Government (1979)
2915:
2863:
2856:
2752:
2662:
2579:
2570:
2547:
2464:
2357:
2350:
2341:
2337:
2324:
1827:Potts, Daniel T. (2014).
1806:. Routledge. p. 37.
574:
220:though, appears to be of
116:
112:
102:
92:
88:
78:
70:
62:
53:Unclassified (Lullubian?)
49:
37:
32:
21:
3665:International oil bourse
3430:Ministry of Intelligence
3015:Syrian civil war (2011–)
2839:1921 Persian coup d'état
2210:Frayne, Douglas (1990).
1969:Bahrani, Zainab (2008).
1045:Bactria–Margiana Complex
388:Inscription R2:226-7 of
263:encounters the gigantic
184:Sulaymaniyah Governorate
4567:Ancient history of Iran
4189:scientists and scholars
3695:Milad Tower and complex
3485:Women's rights movement
3480:White Revolution (1963)
3148:Peoples of the Caucasus
2490:Armenia (321 BC–AD 428)
2383:dynasties (2700–540 BC)
633:(precise dates unknown)
589:Immashkush (c. 2400 BC)
349:made in commemoration:
317:Relief of the Lulubian
251:", set in the reign of
4500:Anti-Iranian sentiment
4495:Science and technology
4320:Intellectual movements
4200:International rankings
4184:Intellectual movements
3670:International rankings
3163:Heads of state of Iran
2969:Nojeh coup plot (1980)
2530:Empire (247 BC–AD 224)
2367:culture (3400–2000 BC)
2128:Vanden Berghe, Louis.
1574:Qara Qoyunlu Turcomans
1155:Greco-Bactrian Kingdom
914:
702:period) appears below.
440:
407:
395:
365:
329:subjugated within his
322:
310:
104:• Disestablished
66:Mesopotamian religions
3788:Shetab Banking System
3778:Banking and insurance
3740:Tehran Stock Exchange
3660:Intellectual property
3005:PJAK conflict (2004–)
2778:Turcomans (1378–1508)
2770:Turcomans (1374–1468)
2719:Ilkhanate (1256–1335)
2522:Pontus (281 BC–AD 62)
2069:History of Early Iran
2044:History of Early Iran
1717:Anobanini rock relief
1059:c. 1500 BCE – 500 BCE
913:
807:Other Lullubi reliefs
715:Anubanini rock relief
681:Anubanini rock relief
675:Anubanini rock relief
669:Anubanini rock relief
627:Darianam (c. 2000 BC)
438:Anubanini rock relief
432:
405:
377:
351:
316:
288:
236:Historical references
214:unclassified language
50:Common languages
3749:Technology start-ups
3650:Environmental issues
3640:Economic Reform Plan
3554:Provincial governors
3244:Environmental issues
2992:Iran Air Flight 655
2733:Jalayirid Sultanate
2605:Caliphate (750–1258)
2447:Kingdom (652–625 BC)
1584:Aq Qoyunlu Turcomans
1374:Zaydis of Tabaristan
659:Lullubi rock reliefs
654:Larkutla (c. 675 BC)
4149:Freedom of religion
3735:Supreme Audit Court
3614:Automotive industry
3261:Iranian Balochistan
2987:1987 Mecca incident
2884:Iran crisis of 1946
2873:dynasty (1925–1979)
2802:Dynasty (1751–1794)
2743:dynasty (1338–1357)
2735:dynasty (1335–1432)
2727:dynasty (1314–1393)
2712:dynasty (1244–1381)
2696:dynasty (1077–1231)
2680:dynasty (1011–1215)
2597:Caliphate (661–750)
2589:Caliphate (632–661)
2557:Empire (AD 224–651)
2474:Empire (550–330 BC)
2455:Empire (626–539 BC)
2439:Empire (678–549 BC)
2423:Empire (911–609 BC)
1909:. 1895. p. 27.
1474:Khwarazmian dynasty
1247:Kabul Shahi kingdom
1149:c. 302 BCE – 580 CE
1075:Neo-Assyrian Empire
954:Kura–Araxes culture
698:. A second relief (
511:'s reign (669 BC).
412:Neo-Sumerian Empire
398:Neo-Sumerian Empire
224:origin rather than
94:• Established
4280:Persian New Year (
3685:Main economic laws
3256:Iranian Azerbaijan
3158:Monarchs of Persia
3102:Persianate society
2810:Empire (1789–1925)
2794:Empire (1736–1796)
2786:Empire (1501–1736)
2762:Empire (1370–1507)
2688:Empire (1037–1194)
2653:dynasty (934–1062)
2645:dynasty (931–1090)
2637:dynasty (861–1003)
2506:Empire (312–63 BC)
2407:(c.1595–c.1155 BC)
1952:cartelen.louvre.fr
1554:Jalairid Sultanate
1534:Muzaffarid dynasty
1314:Rashidun Caliphate
1287:Kingdom of Georgia
1237:Hephthalite Empire
915:
645:Zabini (c. 881 BC)
493:Ashur-nasir-pal II
441:
408:
379:Ka-Nisba, king of
323:
311:
4582:Ancient languages
4549:
4548:
4517:
4516:
4513:
4512:
4483:
4482:
4390:Opium consumption
4223:
4222:
4059:Ethnic minorities
4033:Iranian languages
3958:
3957:
3954:
3953:
3571:
3570:
3567:
3566:
3450:Political parties
3388:Children's rights
3373:Foreign relations
3367:2009 presidential
3314:
3313:
3276:Iranian Kurdistan
3195:
3194:
3191:
3190:
3075:
3074:
3047:COVID-19 pandemic
2906:Revolution (1979)
2852:
2851:
2672:Empire (977–1186)
2629:dynasty (864–928)
2621:dynasty (821–873)
2613:dynasty (819–999)
2566:
2565:
2482:(c.323 BC–AD 226)
2241:Sar-e Pol-e Zahab
1840:978-0-19-933079-9
1813:978-1-317-61091-5
1803:Language Isolates
1786:978-1-5128-1881-9
1759:978-87-7304-227-4
1697:
1696:
1662:
1661:
1334:Abbasid Caliphate
1324:Umayyad Caliphate
1295:
1294:
1195:
1194:
1179:2nd century BCE –
1175:Caucasian Albania
1115:Achaemenid Empire
1065:Kingdom of Mannai
977:Elamite dynasties
665:Sar-e Pol-e Zohab
624:Irib (c. 2037 BC)
597:Sar-e Pol-e Zahab
485:Tiglath-Pileser I
130:
129:
4589:
4539:
4529:
4528:
4380:National symbols
4234:
4233:
4049:Iranian citizens
3986:
3985:
3977:
3976:
3964:
3963:
3946:Research centers
3635:Economic history
3590:
3589:
3577:
3576:
3511:Guardian Council
3333:
3332:
3320:
3319:
3201:
3200:
3178:Electric history
3173:Military history
3087:Ancient Persians
2995:
2994:shootdown (1988)
2977:
2964:
2961:Iranian Embassy
2931:
2920:
2918:Islamic Republic
2907:
2899:1953 coup d'état
2874:
2861:
2860:
2819:
2816:Khanates of the
2811:
2803:
2795:
2787:
2779:
2771:
2763:
2744:
2736:
2728:
2720:
2713:
2705:
2697:
2689:
2681:
2673:
2654:
2646:
2638:
2630:
2622:
2614:
2606:
2598:
2590:
2577:
2576:
2558:
2539:
2531:
2523:
2515:
2507:
2499:
2491:
2483:
2475:
2456:
2448:
2440:
2432:
2424:
2416:
2408:
2400:
2392:
2384:
2376:
2368:
2355:
2354:
2339:
2338:
2326:
2325:
2310:
2303:
2296:
2287:
2286:
2228:
2227:
2207:
2201:
2200:
2180:
2174:
2173:
2153:
2140:
2139:
2125:
2119:
2118:
2098:
2077:
2076:
2074:
2063:
2052:
2051:
2049:
2038:
2032:
2029:
2023:
2020:
2014:
2013:
1993:
1987:
1986:
1965:
1956:
1955:
1944:
1938:
1937:
1917:
1911:
1910:
1901:
1895:
1892:
1886:
1885:
1878:
1872:
1871:
1851:
1845:
1844:
1824:
1818:
1817:
1797:
1791:
1790:
1770:
1764:
1763:
1743:
1711:
1706:
1705:
1689:
1682:
1675:
1544:Chupanid dynasty
1484:Sultanate of Rum
1444:Ghaznavid Empire
1434:Sallarid dynasty
1384:Saffarid dynasty
1310:
1309:
1267:Bagratid Armenia
1227:Afrighid dynasty
1203:
1202:
1145:Caucasian Iberia
1129:331 BCE – 428 CE
1105:Scythian Kingdom
1069:10th–7th century
960:
939:
938:
906:
905:
893:
881:
861:
849:
837:
817:
798:
786:
774:
762:
746:
730:
711:
691:
651:Dada (c. 715 BC)
552:
532:
491:. Most notably,
481:Nebuchadnezzar I
393:
363:
327:Sargon the Great
195:Simurrum kingdom
180:Zagros Mountains
166:were a group of
157:
145:
42:
27:
19:
18:
4597:
4596:
4592:
4591:
4590:
4588:
4587:
4586:
4562:Akkadian Empire
4552:
4551:
4550:
4545:
4509:
4479:
4458:Rap and hip-hop
4429:
4410:Public holidays
4395:Persian gardens
4384:Imperial Anthem
4375:National Jewels
4330:Iranian studies
4219:
4153:
4105:
4037:
3998:Persian (Farsi)
3971:
3950:
3919:
3881:
3874:
3809:Pharmaceuticals
3754:
3745:Venture capital
3720:Rial (currency)
3705:Nuclear program
3584:
3563:
3530:
3489:
3440:Nuclear program
3405:Judicial system
3327:
3310:
3281:Iranian plateau
3208:
3187:
3071:
2993:
2975:
2962:
2930:History (1979–)
2929:
2921:
2916:
2911:
2905:
2872:
2848:
2817:
2809:
2801:
2793:
2785:
2777:
2769:
2761:
2748:
2742:
2734:
2726:
2718:
2711:
2703:
2695:
2687:
2679:
2671:
2658:
2652:
2644:
2636:
2628:
2620:
2612:
2604:
2596:
2588:
2572:
2562:
2556:
2543:
2537:
2529:
2521:
2513:
2505:
2497:
2489:
2481:
2473:
2460:
2454:
2453:Neo-Babylonian
2446:
2438:
2431:(860 BC–590 BC)
2430:
2422:
2414:
2406:
2399:(c.2300–675 BC)
2398:
2390:
2382:
2374:
2366:
2346:
2333:
2320:
2314:
2237:
2232:
2231:
2224:
2208:
2204:
2197:
2181:
2177:
2170:
2154:
2143:
2126:
2122:
2115:
2099:
2080:
2072:
2064:
2055:
2047:
2039:
2035:
2030:
2026:
2021:
2017:
2010:
1994:
1990:
1983:
1966:
1959:
1946:
1945:
1941:
1934:
1918:
1914:
1903:
1902:
1898:
1893:
1889:
1880:
1879:
1875:
1868:
1852:
1848:
1841:
1825:
1821:
1814:
1798:
1794:
1787:
1771:
1767:
1760:
1744:
1740:
1735:
1707:
1700:
1693:
1664:
1663:
1414:Ziyarid dynasty
1364:Dulafid dynasty
1354:Tahirid dynasty
1307:
1297:
1296:
1257:Dabuyid dynasty
1217:Sasanian Empire
1201:
1191:27 BCE – 330 CE
1180:
1165:Parthian Empire
1135:Seleucid Empire
931:
904:
897:
894:
885:
882:
873:
862:
853:
850:
841:
838:
829:
818:
809:
802:
799:
790:
787:
778:
775:
766:
763:
754:
747:
738:
731:
722:
712:
703:
700:Parthian Empire
692:
683:
677:
661:
583:
577:
564:
563:
562:
561:
560:
553:
545:
544:
537:Akkadian Empire
533:
524:
523:
517:
515:Representations
461:
443:Another famous
414:(Ur-III) ruler
400:
394:
387:
364:
357:
331:Akkadian Empire
307:Musée du Louvre
295:Akkadian Empire
283:
243:
238:
123:
105:
95:
54:
45:
28:
24:
23:Lullubi Kingdom
17:
12:
11:
5:
4595:
4585:
4584:
4579:
4574:
4569:
4564:
4547:
4546:
4544:
4543:
4533:
4522:
4519:
4518:
4515:
4514:
4511:
4510:
4508:
4507:
4502:
4497:
4491:
4489:
4485:
4484:
4481:
4480:
4478:
4477:
4470:
4465:
4460:
4455:
4450:
4445:
4439:
4437:
4431:
4430:
4428:
4427:
4417:
4412:
4407:
4402:
4397:
4392:
4387:
4377:
4372:
4367:
4361:
4347:
4342:
4332:
4327:
4322:
4317:
4312:
4302:
4297:
4292:
4287:
4273:
4268:
4263:
4253:
4247:
4237:
4231:
4225:
4224:
4221:
4220:
4218:
4217:
4212:
4207:
4202:
4197:
4191:
4186:
4181:
4172:
4167:
4161:
4159:
4155:
4154:
4152:
4151:
4146:
4136:
4131:
4121:
4115:
4113:
4107:
4106:
4104:
4103:
4102:
4101:
4096:
4091:
4086:
4081:
4076:
4071:
4066:
4056:
4045:
4043:
4039:
4038:
4036:
4035:
4030:
4025:
4020:
4015:
4010:
4005:
4000:
3994:
3992:
3983:
3973:
3972:
3960:
3959:
3956:
3955:
3952:
3951:
3949:
3948:
3943:
3938:
3933:
3927:
3925:
3921:
3920:
3918:
3917:
3912:
3907:
3902:
3897:
3892:
3886:
3884:
3876:
3875:
3873:
3872:
3867:
3861:
3856:
3851:
3842:
3832:
3822:
3817:
3812:
3802:
3797:
3792:
3791:
3790:
3785:
3775:
3764:
3762:
3756:
3755:
3753:
3752:
3742:
3737:
3732:
3727:
3722:
3717:
3712:
3702:
3697:
3692:
3687:
3682:
3677:
3672:
3667:
3662:
3657:
3652:
3647:
3642:
3637:
3632:
3627:
3622:
3617:
3607:
3602:
3596:
3594:
3586:
3585:
3573:
3572:
3569:
3568:
3565:
3564:
3562:
3561:
3559:Supreme Leader
3556:
3551:
3546:
3540:
3538:
3532:
3531:
3529:
3528:
3523:
3521:Local councils
3518:
3513:
3508:
3503:
3497:
3495:
3491:
3490:
3488:
3487:
3482:
3477:
3467:
3462:
3457:
3452:
3447:
3437:
3432:
3427:
3421:
3416:
3407:
3402:
3401:
3400:
3398:Women's rights
3395:
3390:
3380:
3375:
3370:
3360:
3355:
3345:
3339:
3337:
3329:
3328:
3316:
3315:
3312:
3311:
3309:
3308:
3303:
3298:
3293:
3288:
3283:
3278:
3273:
3268:
3263:
3258:
3253:
3252:
3251:
3249:Climate change
3241:
3236:
3235:
3234:
3229:
3219:
3213:
3210:
3209:
3197:
3196:
3193:
3192:
3189:
3188:
3186:
3185:
3180:
3175:
3170:
3165:
3160:
3155:
3150:
3145:
3140:
3135:
3133:Jiroft culture
3130:
3129:
3128:
3121:Iranic peoples
3118:
3117:
3116:
3115:
3114:
3109:
3097:Persianization
3094:
3089:
3083:
3081:
3077:
3076:
3073:
3072:
3070:
3069:
3064:
3059:
3054:
3049:
3044:
3039:
3034:
3033:
3032:
3022:
3017:
3012:
3007:
3002:
2997:
2989:
2984:
2979:
2971:
2966:
2958:
2953:
2948:
2943:
2938:
2933:
2925:
2923:
2913:
2912:
2910:
2909:
2901:
2896:
2891:
2886:
2881:
2876:
2867:
2865:
2858:
2854:
2853:
2850:
2849:
2847:
2846:
2841:
2836:
2831:
2826:
2821:
2813:
2805:
2797:
2789:
2781:
2773:
2765:
2756:
2754:
2750:
2749:
2747:
2746:
2738:
2730:
2722:
2715:
2707:
2704:(1135/36-1225)
2699:
2691:
2683:
2675:
2666:
2664:
2660:
2659:
2657:
2656:
2648:
2640:
2632:
2624:
2616:
2608:
2600:
2592:
2583:
2581:
2574:
2568:
2567:
2564:
2563:
2561:
2560:
2551:
2549:
2545:
2544:
2542:
2541:
2533:
2525:
2517:
2514:(c.295–220 BC)
2509:
2501:
2493:
2485:
2477:
2468:
2466:
2462:
2461:
2459:
2458:
2450:
2442:
2434:
2426:
2418:
2410:
2402:
2394:
2386:
2378:
2373:Proto-Elamite
2370:
2361:
2359:
2352:
2348:
2347:
2335:
2334:
2322:
2321:
2313:
2312:
2305:
2298:
2290:
2284:
2283:
2278:
2273:
2270:
2267:
2264:
2261:
2258:
2254:
2251:
2248:
2243:
2236:
2233:
2230:
2229:
2222:
2202:
2195:
2175:
2168:
2141:
2120:
2113:
2078:
2053:
2033:
2024:
2022:Qashqai, 2011.
2015:
2008:
1988:
1981:
1957:
1939:
1932:
1912:
1896:
1887:
1873:
1866:
1846:
1839:
1819:
1812:
1792:
1785:
1765:
1758:
1737:
1736:
1734:
1731:
1730:
1729:
1724:
1719:
1713:
1712:
1695:
1694:
1692:
1691:
1684:
1677:
1669:
1666:
1665:
1660:
1659:
1656:
1650:
1649:
1646:
1644:Durrani Empire
1640:
1639:
1636:
1630:
1629:
1626:
1620:
1619:
1616:
1610:
1609:
1606:
1600:
1599:
1596:
1594:Safavid Empire
1590:
1589:
1586:
1580:
1579:
1576:
1570:
1569:
1566:
1564:Timurid Empire
1560:
1559:
1556:
1550:
1549:
1546:
1540:
1539:
1536:
1530:
1529:
1526:
1524:Ottoman Empire
1520:
1519:
1516:
1510:
1509:
1506:
1500:
1499:
1496:
1490:
1489:
1486:
1480:
1479:
1476:
1470:
1469:
1466:
1460:
1459:
1458:pre-879 – 1215
1456:
1454:Ghurid dynasty
1450:
1449:
1446:
1440:
1439:
1436:
1430:
1429:
1426:
1420:
1419:
1416:
1410:
1409:
1406:
1400:
1399:
1396:
1394:Samanid Empire
1390:
1389:
1386:
1380:
1379:
1376:
1370:
1369:
1366:
1360:
1359:
1356:
1350:
1349:
1346:
1340:
1339:
1336:
1330:
1329:
1326:
1320:
1319:
1316:
1308:
1303:
1302:
1299:
1298:
1293:
1292:
1289:
1283:
1282:
1279:
1273:
1272:
1269:
1263:
1262:
1259:
1253:
1252:
1249:
1243:
1242:
1239:
1233:
1232:
1229:
1223:
1222:
1219:
1213:
1212:
1209:
1193:
1192:
1189:
1183:
1182:
1181:8th century CE
1177:
1171:
1170:
1169:248 BCE–224 CE
1167:
1161:
1160:
1157:
1151:
1150:
1147:
1141:
1140:
1137:
1131:
1130:
1127:
1121:
1120:
1117:
1111:
1110:
1107:
1101:
1100:
1097:
1091:
1090:
1087:
1081:
1080:
1077:
1071:
1070:
1067:
1061:
1060:
1057:
1055:Avestan period
1051:
1050:
1047:
1041:
1040:
1038:
1032:
1031:
1029:
1023:
1022:
1020:
1014:
1013:
1011:
1001:
1000:
998:
992:
991:
989:
987:Jiroft culture
983:
982:
979:
973:
972:
969:
963:
962:
961:3400 – c. 2000
956:
950:
949:
947:
932:
929:
928:
925:
924:
917:
916:
903:
900:
899:
898:
895:
888:
886:
883:
876:
874:
863:
856:
854:
851:
844:
842:
839:
832:
830:
819:
812:
808:
805:
804:
803:
800:
793:
791:
788:
781:
779:
776:
769:
767:
764:
757:
755:
748:
741:
739:
732:
725:
723:
719:Sarpol-e Zahab
713:
706:
704:
696:Sarpol-e Zahab
693:
686:
679:Main article:
676:
673:
660:
657:
656:
655:
652:
649:
646:
643:
640:
634:
628:
625:
622:
600:
590:
576:
573:
554:
547:
546:
534:
527:
526:
525:
521:
520:
519:
518:
516:
513:
460:
457:
399:
396:
385:
355:
282:
279:
242:
239:
237:
234:
182:of modern-day
128:
127:
118:
114:
113:
110:
109:
106:
103:
100:
99:
96:
93:
90:
89:
86:
85:
80:
79:Historical era
76:
75:
72:
68:
67:
64:
60:
59:
58:(inscriptions)
51:
47:
46:
43:
35:
34:
33:3100 BC–675 BC
30:
29:
22:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4594:
4583:
4580:
4578:
4575:
4573:
4570:
4568:
4565:
4563:
4560:
4559:
4557:
4542:
4538:
4534:
4532:
4524:
4523:
4520:
4506:
4503:
4501:
4498:
4496:
4493:
4492:
4490:
4486:
4476:
4475:
4471:
4469:
4466:
4464:
4461:
4459:
4456:
4454:
4451:
4449:
4446:
4444:
4441:
4440:
4438:
4436:
4432:
4425:
4421:
4418:
4416:
4413:
4411:
4408:
4406:
4403:
4401:
4398:
4396:
4393:
4391:
4388:
4385:
4381:
4378:
4376:
4373:
4371:
4368:
4365:
4362:
4359:
4355:
4354:news agencies
4351:
4348:
4346:
4343:
4340:
4336:
4333:
4331:
4328:
4326:
4323:
4321:
4318:
4316:
4313:
4310:
4306:
4303:
4301:
4298:
4296:
4293:
4291:
4288:
4285:
4283:
4277:
4274:
4272:
4269:
4267:
4264:
4261:
4257:
4254:
4251:
4248:
4246:
4242:
4239:
4238:
4235:
4232:
4230:
4226:
4216:
4213:
4211:
4208:
4206:
4203:
4201:
4198:
4195:
4192:
4190:
4187:
4185:
4182:
4180:
4176:
4173:
4171:
4168:
4166:
4163:
4162:
4160:
4156:
4150:
4147:
4144:
4140:
4137:
4135:
4132:
4129:
4125:
4122:
4120:
4117:
4116:
4114:
4112:
4108:
4100:
4097:
4095:
4092:
4090:
4087:
4085:
4082:
4080:
4077:
4075:
4072:
4070:
4067:
4065:
4062:
4061:
4060:
4057:
4054:
4050:
4047:
4046:
4044:
4040:
4034:
4031:
4029:
4026:
4024:
4021:
4019:
4016:
4014:
4011:
4009:
4006:
4004:
4001:
3999:
3996:
3995:
3993:
3991:
3987:
3984:
3982:
3978:
3974:
3970:
3965:
3961:
3947:
3944:
3942:
3939:
3937:
3934:
3932:
3929:
3928:
3926:
3922:
3916:
3913:
3911:
3908:
3906:
3903:
3901:
3898:
3896:
3893:
3891:
3888:
3887:
3885:
3883:
3877:
3871:
3868:
3865:
3862:
3860:
3857:
3855:
3852:
3850:
3846:
3843:
3840:
3836:
3833:
3830:
3826:
3823:
3821:
3818:
3816:
3813:
3810:
3806:
3803:
3801:
3798:
3796:
3793:
3789:
3786:
3784:
3781:
3780:
3779:
3776:
3773:
3769:
3766:
3765:
3763:
3761:
3757:
3750:
3746:
3743:
3741:
3738:
3736:
3733:
3731:
3728:
3726:
3723:
3721:
3718:
3716:
3715:Privatization
3713:
3710:
3706:
3703:
3701:
3698:
3696:
3693:
3691:
3688:
3686:
3683:
3681:
3678:
3676:
3673:
3671:
3668:
3666:
3663:
3661:
3658:
3656:
3653:
3651:
3648:
3646:
3643:
3641:
3638:
3636:
3633:
3631:
3628:
3626:
3623:
3621:
3618:
3615:
3611:
3608:
3606:
3603:
3601:
3598:
3597:
3595:
3591:
3587:
3583:
3578:
3574:
3560:
3557:
3555:
3552:
3550:
3547:
3545:
3542:
3541:
3539:
3537:
3533:
3527:
3524:
3522:
3519:
3517:
3514:
3512:
3509:
3507:
3504:
3502:
3499:
3498:
3496:
3492:
3486:
3483:
3481:
3478:
3475:
3471:
3468:
3466:
3463:
3461:
3458:
3456:
3453:
3451:
3448:
3445:
3441:
3438:
3436:
3433:
3431:
3428:
3425:
3422:
3420:
3417:
3415:
3411:
3408:
3406:
3403:
3399:
3396:
3394:
3391:
3389:
3386:
3385:
3384:
3381:
3379:
3376:
3374:
3371:
3368:
3364:
3361:
3359:
3356:
3353:
3349:
3346:
3344:
3341:
3340:
3338:
3334:
3330:
3326:
3321:
3317:
3307:
3304:
3302:
3299:
3297:
3294:
3292:
3289:
3287:
3284:
3282:
3279:
3277:
3274:
3272:
3269:
3267:
3264:
3262:
3259:
3257:
3254:
3250:
3247:
3246:
3245:
3242:
3240:
3237:
3233:
3230:
3228:
3225:
3224:
3223:
3220:
3218:
3215:
3214:
3211:
3207:
3202:
3198:
3184:
3183:Years in Iran
3181:
3179:
3176:
3174:
3171:
3169:
3166:
3164:
3161:
3159:
3156:
3154:
3151:
3149:
3146:
3144:
3141:
3139:
3136:
3134:
3131:
3127:
3124:
3123:
3122:
3119:
3113:
3110:
3108:
3107:Turco-Persian
3105:
3104:
3103:
3100:
3099:
3098:
3095:
3093:
3090:
3088:
3085:
3084:
3082:
3078:
3068:
3065:
3063:
3060:
3058:
3055:
3053:
3050:
3048:
3045:
3043:
3040:
3038:
3035:
3031:
3028:
3027:
3026:
3023:
3021:
3018:
3016:
3013:
3011:
3008:
3006:
3003:
3001:
2998:
2996:
2990:
2988:
2985:
2983:
2980:
2978:
2976:War (1980–88)
2972:
2970:
2967:
2965:
2959:
2957:
2954:
2952:
2949:
2947:
2944:
2942:
2939:
2937:
2934:
2932:
2927:
2926:
2924:
2919:
2914:
2908:
2902:
2900:
2897:
2895:
2892:
2890:
2887:
2885:
2882:
2880:
2877:
2875:
2869:
2868:
2866:
2862:
2859:
2855:
2845:
2842:
2840:
2837:
2835:
2832:
2830:
2827:
2825:
2822:
2820:
2814:
2812:
2806:
2804:
2798:
2796:
2790:
2788:
2782:
2780:
2774:
2772:
2768:Qara Qoyunlu
2766:
2764:
2758:
2757:
2755:
2751:
2745:
2739:
2737:
2731:
2729:
2723:
2721:
2716:
2714:
2708:
2706:
2700:
2698:
2692:
2690:
2684:
2682:
2676:
2674:
2668:
2667:
2665:
2661:
2655:
2649:
2647:
2641:
2639:
2633:
2631:
2625:
2623:
2617:
2615:
2609:
2607:
2601:
2599:
2593:
2591:
2585:
2584:
2582:
2578:
2575:
2569:
2559:
2553:
2552:
2550:
2546:
2540:
2534:
2532:
2526:
2524:
2518:
2516:
2510:
2508:
2502:
2500:
2494:
2492:
2486:
2484:
2478:
2476:
2470:
2469:
2467:
2465:550 BC–AD 224
2463:
2457:
2451:
2449:
2443:
2441:
2435:
2433:
2427:
2425:
2421:Neo-Assyrian
2419:
2417:
2411:
2409:
2403:
2401:
2395:
2393:
2387:
2385:
2379:
2377:
2371:
2369:
2363:
2362:
2360:
2356:
2353:
2349:
2345:
2340:
2336:
2332:
2327:
2323:
2318:
2311:
2306:
2304:
2299:
2297:
2292:
2291:
2288:
2282:
2279:
2277:
2274:
2271:
2268:
2265:
2262:
2259:
2255:
2252:
2249:
2247:
2244:
2242:
2239:
2238:
2225:
2223:9780802058737
2219:
2215:
2214:
2206:
2198:
2196:9781438453255
2192:
2188:
2187:
2179:
2171:
2169:9781438453255
2165:
2161:
2160:
2152:
2150:
2148:
2146:
2137:
2133:
2132:
2124:
2116:
2114:9781438453255
2110:
2106:
2105:
2097:
2095:
2093:
2091:
2089:
2087:
2085:
2083:
2071:
2070:
2062:
2060:
2058:
2046:
2045:
2037:
2028:
2019:
2011:
2009:9780521086912
2005:
2001:
2000:
1992:
1984:
1982:9781890951849
1978:
1974:
1973:
1964:
1962:
1953:
1949:
1943:
1935:
1933:9781134520626
1929:
1925:
1924:
1916:
1908:
1907:
1900:
1891:
1883:
1877:
1869:
1867:9781134520626
1863:
1859:
1858:
1850:
1842:
1836:
1832:
1831:
1823:
1815:
1809:
1805:
1804:
1796:
1788:
1782:
1778:
1777:
1769:
1761:
1755:
1751:
1750:
1742:
1738:
1728:
1725:
1723:
1720:
1718:
1715:
1714:
1710:
1704:
1699:
1690:
1685:
1683:
1678:
1676:
1671:
1670:
1668:
1667:
1657:
1655:
1652:
1651:
1647:
1645:
1642:
1641:
1637:
1635:
1632:
1631:
1627:
1625:
1624:Afsharid Iran
1622:
1621:
1617:
1615:
1614:Hotak dynasty
1612:
1611:
1607:
1605:
1604:Mughal Empire
1602:
1601:
1597:
1595:
1592:
1591:
1587:
1585:
1582:
1581:
1577:
1575:
1572:
1571:
1567:
1565:
1562:
1561:
1557:
1555:
1552:
1551:
1547:
1545:
1542:
1541:
1537:
1535:
1532:
1531:
1527:
1525:
1522:
1521:
1517:
1515:
1512:
1511:
1507:
1505:
1502:
1501:
1497:
1495:
1492:
1491:
1487:
1485:
1482:
1481:
1477:
1475:
1472:
1471:
1467:
1465:
1464:Seljuk Empire
1462:
1461:
1457:
1455:
1452:
1451:
1447:
1445:
1442:
1441:
1437:
1435:
1432:
1431:
1427:
1425:
1424:Buyid dynasty
1422:
1421:
1417:
1415:
1412:
1411:
1407:
1405:
1404:Sajid dynasty
1402:
1401:
1397:
1395:
1392:
1391:
1387:
1385:
1382:
1381:
1377:
1375:
1372:
1371:
1367:
1365:
1362:
1361:
1357:
1355:
1352:
1351:
1347:
1345:
1342:
1341:
1337:
1335:
1332:
1331:
1327:
1325:
1322:
1321:
1317:
1315:
1312:
1311:
1306:
1301:
1300:
1290:
1288:
1285:
1284:
1280:
1278:
1275:
1274:
1270:
1268:
1265:
1264:
1260:
1258:
1255:
1254:
1250:
1248:
1245:
1244:
1240:
1238:
1235:
1234:
1230:
1228:
1225:
1224:
1220:
1218:
1215:
1214:
1210:
1208:
1207:Kushan Empire
1205:
1204:
1200:
1199:
1190:
1188:
1185:
1184:
1178:
1176:
1173:
1172:
1168:
1166:
1163:
1162:
1158:
1156:
1153:
1152:
1148:
1146:
1143:
1142:
1138:
1136:
1133:
1132:
1128:
1126:
1123:
1122:
1118:
1116:
1113:
1112:
1108:
1106:
1103:
1102:
1098:
1096:
1095:Median Empire
1093:
1092:
1088:
1086:
1083:
1082:
1078:
1076:
1073:
1072:
1068:
1066:
1063:
1062:
1058:
1056:
1053:
1052:
1048:
1046:
1043:
1042:
1039:
1037:
1034:
1033:
1030:
1028:
1025:
1024:
1021:
1019:
1016:
1015:
1012:
1010:
1006:
1003:
1002:
999:
997:
994:
993:
990:
988:
985:
984:
980:
978:
975:
974:
970:
968:
965:
964:
957:
955:
952:
951:
948:
946:
945:
941:
940:
937:
936:
927:
926:
923:
919:
918:
912:
908:
907:
892:
887:
880:
875:
871:
867:
860:
855:
848:
843:
836:
831:
827:
823:
816:
811:
810:
797:
792:
785:
780:
773:
768:
761:
756:
752:
745:
740:
736:
729:
724:
720:
716:
710:
705:
701:
697:
690:
685:
684:
682:
672:
670:
666:
653:
650:
647:
644:
641:
638:
635:
632:
629:
626:
623:
620:
616:
612:
608:
604:
601:
598:
594:
591:
588:
587:
586:
582:
572:
570:
558:
551:
542:
541:Louvre Museum
538:
531:
512:
510:
504:
502:
498:
494:
490:
486:
482:
478:
474:
470:
466:
456:
454:
450:
446:
439:
435:
431:
427:
425:
421:
417:
413:
404:
391:
384:
382:
376:
374:
370:
361:
354:
350:
348:
344:
340:
336:
332:
328:
320:
315:
308:
304:
300:
296:
292:
287:
278:
276:
272:
268:
267:
262:
258:
254:
250:
249:
233:
231:
230:Indo-European
227:
223:
219:
215:
210:
208:
204:
200:
196:
193:
189:
185:
181:
178:plain of the
177:
173:
169:
165:
161:
153:
149:
141:
137:
134:
126:
122:
119:
117:Today part of
115:
111:
107:
101:
97:
91:
87:
84:
81:
77:
73:
69:
65:
61:
57:
52:
48:
41:
36:
31:
20:
4488:Other topics
4472:
4400:Persian name
4339:Islamization
4281:
4241:Architecture
4194:universities
4139:Zoroastrians
4134:Christianity
4124:Baháʼí Faith
4074:Azerbaijanis
3981:Demographics
3795:Construction
3783:Central Bank
3725:Space Agency
3620:Child labour
3455:Principlists
3435:Cyberwarfare
3383:Human rights
3348:Constitution
3143:Azerbaijanis
3112:Indo-Persian
3092:Greater Iran
2963:siege (1980)
2922:1979–present
2573:early modern
2571:Medieval and
2396:
2365:Kura-Araxes
2212:
2205:
2185:
2178:
2158:
2130:
2123:
2103:
2068:
2043:
2036:
2027:
2018:
1998:
1991:
1971:
1951:
1942:
1922:
1915:
1905:
1899:
1890:
1876:
1856:
1849:
1829:
1822:
1802:
1795:
1775:
1768:
1748:
1741:
1634:Zand dynasty
1514:Kart dynasty
1196:
1187:Roman Empire
1004:
942:
933:
922:Greater Iran
662:
637:Tar ... duni
584:
565:
505:
501:Sulaymaniyah
468:
464:
462:
442:
433:
409:
378:
366:
352:
324:
270:
264:
246:
244:
217:
211:
202:
198:
171:
163:
159:
147:
135:
132:
131:
4505:Tehrangeles
4468:Traditional
4205:Nationality
4143:persecution
4128:persecution
4079:Circassians
4028:Neo-Aramaic
4008:Azerbaijani
3880:State-owned
3805:Health care
3768:Agriculture
3605:Brain drain
3544:Ambassadors
3239:Earthquakes
2776:Aq Qoyunlu
2725:Muzaffarid
2702:Eldiguzids
2694:Anushtegin
2520:Kingdom of
2496:Kingdom of
2488:Kingdom of
2480:Atropatene
2472:Achaemenid
2413:Kingdom of
2358:3400–539 BC
2134:. pp.
1727:Tell Kunara
1709:Asia portal
1344:Shirvanshah
1271:880s – 1045
930:Pre-Islamic
920:History of
445:rock relief
390:Erridupizir
373:Erridupizir
4556:Categories
4405:Philosophy
4364:newspapers
4345:Literature
4250:architects
4245:Achaemenid
4165:Corruption
3625:Corruption
3465:Reformists
3460:Propaganda
3358:Corruption
3343:Censorship
3286:Lake Urmia
2974:Iran–Iraq
2670:Ghaznavid
2548:AD 224–651
2512:Frataraka
2344:Prehistory
1733:References
1654:Qajar Iran
1494:Salghurids
1408:889/90–929
944:Prehistory
864:Relief of
579:See also:
509:Esarhaddon
434:Lullubi-ki
261:Lugalbanda
174:, now the
168:Bronze Age
71:Government
4370:Mythology
4276:Calendars
4266:Astronomy
4175:Education
4084:Georgians
4069:Assyrians
4064:Armenians
3990:Languages
3882:companies
3845:Transport
3825:Petroleum
3610:Companies
3549:President
3536:Officials
3470:Terrorism
3419:Air Force
3363:Elections
3301:Provinces
3296:Mountains
3206:Geography
3126:languages
2864:1925–1979
2792:Afsharid
2753:1370–1925
2741:Chobanid
2635:Saffarid
2587:Rashidun
2555:Sasanian
2536:Kings of
2528:Parthian
2504:Seleucid
2445:Scythian
2405:Kassites
2389:Akkadian
1658:1794–1925
1648:1794–1826
1638:1750–1794
1628:1736–1750
1618:1722–1729
1608:1526–1857
1598:1501–1722
1588:1378–1508
1578:1407–1468
1568:1370–1507
1558:1339–1432
1548:1337–1357
1538:1314–1393
1528:1299–1923
1518:1231–1389
1508:1256–1353
1504:Ilkhanate
1498:1148–1282
1488:1077–1307
1478:1077–1231
1468:1037–1194
1291:1008–1490
1049:2200–1700
971:3200–2800
822:Iddin-Sin
735:Anubanini
607:Naram-Sin
593:Anubanini
449:Anubanini
426:control.
339:Naram Sin
299:Naram-Sin
273:to siege
83:Antiquity
63:Religion
4531:Category
4424:football
4415:Scouting
4325:Iranians
4315:Folklore
4111:Religion
4023:Georgian
4003:Armenian
3864:shipping
3859:railways
3849:airlines
3815:Industry
3680:Taxation
3494:Councils
3410:Military
3325:Politics
3306:Wildlife
3271:Caucasus
3153:Persians
3080:See also
2904:Iranian
2871:Pahlavi
2784:Safavid
2760:Timurid
2663:977–1432
2643:Ziyarid
2619:Tahirid
2611:Samanid
2603:Abbasid
2595:Umayyad
2580:632–1090
2397:Lullubi
2381:Elamite
1448:975–1187
1438:941–1062
1428:934–1055
1418:928–1043
1388:861–1003
1348:799–1607
1338:750–1258
1036:Corduene
981:2800–550
935:BCE / BC
902:See also
870:Akkadian
866:Tardunni
826:Simurrum
749:Goddess
617:king of
609:king of
473:Assyrian
424:Sumerian
420:Amar-Sin
386:—
381:Simurrum
356:—
319:Tardunni
271:en route
253:Enmerkar
199:Lulubuna
176:Sharazor
160:Lu-lu-bi
156:𒇻𒇻𒉈𒆠
152:Akkadian
148:Lu-lu-bi
140:Akkadian
133:Lullubi,
74:Monarchy
56:Akkadian
26:𒇻𒇻𒉈𒆠
4474:Ey Iran
4422: (
4382: (
4358:student
4356: (
4352: (
4337: (
4305:Cuisine
4290:Fashion
4278: (
4258: (
4243: (
4229:Culture
4177: (
4141: (
4126: (
4099:Turkmen
4051: (
4042:Peoples
4013:Kurdish
3969:Society
3870:Tourism
3847: (
3837: (
3827: (
3807: (
3800:Defense
3770: (
3760:Sectors
3747: (
3707: (
3612: (
3593:General
3582:Economy
3472: (
3442: (
3412: (
3365: (
3350: (
3336:General
3291:Islands
3227:largest
3217:Borders
2686:Seljuk
2678:Ghurid
2627:Alavid
2437:Median
2429:Urartu
2351:Ancient
2331:History
2246:Lullubi
2235:Sources
1398:819–999
1378:864–928
1368:840–897
1358:821–873
1328:661–750
1318:637–651
1305:Islamic
1261:642–760
1251:565–879
1241:425–557
1231:305–995
1221:224–651
1198:CE / AD
1159:250–125
1139:330–150
1119:550–330
1109:652–625
1099:728–550
1089:860–590
1079:911–609
1027:Cyrtian
1018:Gutians
1005:Lullubi
996:Mannaea
465:Lullubi
369:Gutians
241:Legends
226:Semitic
222:Hurrian
218:Lullubi
207:Halabja
203:Luluban
192:Hurrian
172:Lulubum
98:3100 BC
4541:Portal
4300:Cinema
4282:Nowruz
4179:higher
4053:abroad
4018:Hebrew
3924:Places
3820:Mining
3645:Energy
3222:Cities
3138:Aryans
2857:Modern
2808:Qajar
2651:Buyid
2319:topics
2220:
2193:
2166:
2111:
2006:
1979:
1930:
1864:
1837:
1810:
1783:
1756:
1277:Alania
1211:30–275
1085:Urartu
751:Ishtar
603:Satuni
575:Rulers
497:Kirkuk
467:" or "
453:Ishtar
416:Shulgi
343:Satuni
335:Gutium
303:Satuni
275:Aratta
164:Lullu,
144:𒇻𒇻𒉈
136:Lulubi
108:675 BC
4435:Music
4420:Sport
4350:Media
4335:Islam
4271:Blogs
4215:Women
4170:Crime
4158:Other
4119:Islam
4089:Kurds
3854:metro
3772:fruit
3730:Setad
2800:Zand
2710:Kart
2257:1966.
2073:(PDF)
2048:(PDF)
1722:Zamua
1009:Zamua
733:King
615:Khita
611:Akkad
489:Zamua
477:Zamua
469:Lullu
347:stele
297:king
4463:Rock
4448:Jazz
4443:Folk
4309:wine
4094:Jews
3424:Navy
3414:Army
3393:LGBT
2317:Iran
2218:ISBN
2191:ISBN
2164:ISBN
2138:–21.
2109:ISBN
2004:ISBN
1977:ISBN
1928:ISBN
1862:ISBN
1835:ISBN
1808:ISBN
1781:ISBN
1754:ISBN
631:Ikki
619:Awan
613:and
499:and
289:The
266:Anzû
257:Uruk
188:Iraq
125:Iran
121:Iraq
4453:Pop
4256:Art
3839:TCI
717:at
255:of
201:or
4558::
2144:^
2136:19
2081:^
2056:^
1960:^
1950:.
959:c.
571:.
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