85:
62:
47:
27:
97:
273:
technology had developed considerably and was now used extensively by all warring parties. Detection and evaluation of radio transmissions had become all the more important and were operated by all sides. The encrypted German communications
80:", protect the parabolic antennas from the weather. On the right radome, which was not yet completely finished in June 2008, part of the parabolic dish can still be seen.
672:
582:
771:[The listening station; The Stasi maintained a listening post on Mittelstrasse, from which they monitored the US Embassy. Now art is being staged there.]
302:
769:"Die Abhörstation; An der Mittelstraße Unterhielt die Stasi einen Horchposten, von dem aus sie die Botschaft der USA überwachte. Nun wird dort Kunst inszeniert"
400:
nations' military radio communications traffic. The listening station named Field
Station Berlin (also known as USM 620 Kilo) was mainly operated by the US
880:
471:
and their allies in particular still operate a wide-ranging network of eavesdropping listening stations around the world. One of the most famous is
909:
428:
archives destroyed as it had become redundant with the end of the Cold War. In 1991 the US and
British withdrew from Teufelsberg, and the
369:). After 1989, a much larger listening complex was planned on the Brocken summit, which was no longer implemented due to the fall of the
561:
There are also mobile radio listening stations, such as specially adapted radio intercept road vehicles and mobile field tent stations,
294:
708:
282:, etc.), which were intercepted by British radio listening stations around the world, were of vital importance to the war effort.
357:, the other was subordinate to the main Department III (radio reconnaissance, radio defense) of the Ministry for State Security (
551:
413:
456:
229:(see image). There, in addition to other French listening stations, encrypted wireless telegraphy messages from the German
801:
306:
619:
381:
238:
651:
365:(GDR). The stations had the code names "Yenisei" and "Urian", the latter colloquially known as the "Stasi mosque" (
197:(1874–1937) around 1900 was able to increase the range of his radio transmissions to hundreds of kilometers, thus
943:
451:-district), was believed to have been used between 1977 and 1989 by the East German Ministry for State Security (
953:
225:, which was closed to the public during the first year of the War, as a radio listening station to intercept
527:
519:
310:
230:
206:
958:
500:
362:
101:
866:
673:"The Beginnings of Radio Intercept in World War 1: A brief history by a German intelligence officer"
606:
401:
566:
531:
417:
338:
425:
233:
were intercepted, the message content of which would later be deciphered, notably by
Frenchman
341:. Up until 1989, for example, there were two powerful monitoring systems on the summit of the
123:(also: listening post, radio intercept station or wireless intercept station, W/T station for
210:
631:
421:
214:
137:
692:
424:
process in 1989 and 1990, the facility's electronic equipment was removed and the amassed
8:
523:
476:
374:
346:
226:
124:
35:
84:
854:
350:
132:
20:
16:
Facility to monitor radio and microwave signals to gather information and intelligence
615:
194:
189:(1857–1894) succeeded in 1886 as the first to generate electromagnetic waves in the
539:
444:
429:
73:
768:
885:
777:
384:
built an airspace surveillance and listening station on the man-made hill called
258:
234:
198:
190:
174:
170:
54:
948:
741:
713:
636:
543:
484:
275:
186:
128:
109:
333:, modern radio listening stations established themselves on both sides of the
937:
547:
480:
432:
sold the 4.7-hectare (12-acre) area of the listening station for 5.2 million
298:
279:
246:
217:
due to intercepted
Russian radiogram traffic by Germany and Austria), and in
147:
61:
50:
British radio listening station from the Second World War, equipped with the
833:
592:
46:
914:
806:
742:"Teufelsberg; Field Station Berlin: NSA spy station on buried Nazi college"
534:
and are now operated by the German
Federal Intelligence Service (BND). In
433:
409:
393:
354:
334:
318:
285:
Dozens of so-called
Government Communications Wireless Stations (GCWS), or
266:
222:
218:
51:
31:
26:
19:"Listening post" redirects here. For the Al Jazeera English programme, see
602:
496:
468:
397:
389:
385:
370:
290:
262:
202:
158:
143:
89:
157:
conversation, radio eavesdropping stations are used to eavesdrop on the
646:
555:
504:
286:
105:
77:
910:"Cyprus police arrest three in Israeli-owned 'spy van' investigation"
530:; both are former US listening stations built during the Cold War in
492:
151:
881:"Revealed: Britain's 'secret listening post in the heart of Berlin'"
96:
562:
330:
314:
162:
709:"Berlin's Teufelsberg listening station to be historical monument"
641:
535:
515:
472:
405:
342:
508:
488:
404:(NSA) and served as part of the worldwide surveillance network
154:
66:
221:
radio communication. Conversely, France was already using the
802:"Menwith Hill eavesdropping base undergoes massive expansion"
600:
The Naval
Intercept Station at Bainbridge Island, Washington.
452:
358:
270:
166:
117:
305:
were comparable, albeit less effective, in the form of the
439:
A so-called "listening station" in the corner building on
612:
The
Searchers – Radio Intercept in Two World Wars.
303:
German
Intercept Station Operations during World War II
297:(ACSWS), were used by the British for this purpose, in
289:
for short which had initially been established during
349:. One belonged to the Soviet military secret service
580:The Beginnings of Radio Intercept in World War I.
353:and was thus also the westernmost outpost of the
88:Partial view of the US listening station site at
935:
169:technology. For this purpose, highly sensitive
799:
396:, to listen to Soviet, East German and other
92:, Berlin, Germany; Field Station Berlin, 1974
408:. The installation was also shared with the
146:communications. In contrast to the original
614:Cassell Military Paperbacks, London 2004,
295:Admiralty Civilian Shore Wireless Service
907:
766:
441:Mittelstrasse/Neustädtische Kirchstrasse
95:
83:
60:
45:
25:
800:Norton-Taylor, Richard (1 March 2012).
514:Stationary radio listening stations in
936:
827:
825:
670:
569:for telecommunication reconnaissance.
552:Government Communications Headquarters
309:(General Intelligence Service) of the
736:
734:
732:
706:
702:
700:
205:(1914–1918), for example: within the
908:Beaumont, Peter (20 December 2019).
873:
835:A Short History of Army Intelligence
590:A Short History of Army Intelligence
459:on the opposite side of the street.
345:, which lies directly on the former
34:as a listening station to intercept
831:
822:
760:
707:Walsh, Alistair (3 November 2018).
377:in the German Democratic Republic.
252:
13:
901:
793:
767:Westphal, Dirk (12 January 2014).
729:
697:
436:to a private investor consortium.
382:United States Army Security Agency
249:used by the German Imperial Army.
180:
127:) is a facility used for military
14:
970:
307:General der Nachrichtenaufklärung
76:, England, often referred to as "
462:
380:During the Cold War period, the
213:(with fatal consequences in the
781:(in German). No. 2. Berlin
542:should be mentioned, including
686:
664:
237:. This includes the so-called
135:reconnaissance (also known as
1:
657:
572:
317:(observation service) of the
520:Federal Intelligence Service
416:since it was located in the
337:, especially in the divided
7:
625:
475:, which is operated by the
324:
201:technology was used in the
10:
975:
522:(BND) outposts located in
412:26th Signal Battalion and
363:German Democratic Republic
243:Radiogramme de la Victoire
142:) by "intercepting" radio
18:
889:. London. 5 November 2013
693:Y-stations in World War I
329:With the approach of the
100:Receiving station of the
680:NSA Cryptologic Spectrum
671:Flicke, Wilhelm (1978).
652:UKUSA listening stations
501:Onyx interception system
499:. Another is the Swiss
402:National Security Agency
388:, located in the former
102:Onyx interception system
748:. Berlin. 23 April 2020
567:reconnaissance aircraft
532:Allied-occupied Germany
418:British occupation zone
339:Allied-occupied Germany
177:are used (see images).
944:Military installations
518:are, for example, the
426:classified information
247:ADFGVX-telegram cipher
113:
93:
81:
58:
43:
477:intelligence agencies
265:and the beginning of
211:Imperial Russian Army
99:
87:
64:
49:
29:
954:Signals intelligence
632:Signals intelligence
605:, 38:244–247, 2014,
588:Michael E. Bigelow:
563:reconnaissance ships
422:German reunification
414:13th Signal Regiment
239:Radiogram of Victory
215:Battle of Tannenberg
207:German Imperial Army
138:signals intelligence
40:télégraphie sans fil
455:) to listen to the
375:peaceful revolution
347:inner German border
261:between the end of
227:wireless telegraphy
125:wireless telegraphy
36:wireless telegraphy
832:Bigelow, Michael.
175:receiving antennas
133:telecommunications
114:
94:
82:
59:
44:
21:The Listening Post
959:Mass surveillance
610:Kenneth Macksey:
195:Guglielmo Marconi
121:listening station
71:listening station
966:
928:
927:
925:
923:
905:
899:
898:
896:
894:
877:
871:
870:
864:
860:
858:
850:
848:
846:
840:
829:
820:
819:
817:
815:
797:
791:
790:
788:
786:
774:
764:
758:
757:
755:
753:
746:Abandoned Berlin
738:
727:
726:
724:
722:
704:
695:
690:
684:
683:
677:
668:
578:Wilhelm Flicke:
540:RAF Menwith Hill
457:American embassy
430:Senate of Berlin
301:and elsewhere.
253:Second World War
191:ultra-short wave
74:RAF Menwith Hill
974:
973:
969:
968:
967:
965:
964:
963:
934:
933:
932:
931:
921:
919:
906:
902:
892:
890:
886:The Independent
879:
878:
874:
862:
861:
852:
851:
844:
842:
838:
830:
823:
813:
811:
798:
794:
784:
782:
778:Welt am Sonntag
772:
765:
761:
751:
749:
740:
739:
730:
720:
718:
705:
698:
691:
687:
675:
669:
665:
660:
628:
575:
465:
327:
321:(German Navy).
259:interwar period
255:
235:Georges Painvin
203:First World War
199:radiotelegraphy
183:
181:First World War
171:radio receivers
55:shortwave radio
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
972:
962:
961:
956:
951:
946:
930:
929:
900:
872:
821:
792:
759:
728:
714:Deutsche Welle
696:
685:
662:
661:
659:
656:
655:
654:
649:
644:
639:
637:Ground station
634:
627:
624:
623:
622:
620:978-0304366514
608:
596:
586:
574:
571:
544:BBC Monitoring
485:United Kingdom
464:
461:
326:
323:
254:
251:
187:Heinrich Hertz
182:
179:
129:reconnaissance
112:), Switzerland
110:Canton of Bern
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
971:
960:
957:
955:
952:
950:
947:
945:
942:
941:
939:
917:
916:
911:
904:
888:
887:
882:
876:
868:
856:
837:
836:
828:
826:
809:
808:
803:
796:
780:
779:
770:
763:
747:
743:
737:
735:
733:
716:
715:
710:
703:
701:
694:
689:
681:
674:
667:
663:
653:
650:
648:
645:
643:
640:
638:
635:
633:
630:
629:
621:
617:
613:
609:
607:
604:
601:
597:
594:
591:
587:
584:
581:
577:
576:
570:
568:
564:
559:
557:
553:
549:
548:Crowsley Park
545:
541:
537:
533:
529:
525:
521:
517:
512:
510:
506:
502:
498:
494:
490:
486:
482:
481:United States
478:
474:
470:
463:Post-Cold War
460:
458:
454:
450:
446:
445:Berlin centre
442:
437:
435:
431:
427:
423:
420:. During the
419:
415:
411:
407:
403:
399:
395:
391:
387:
383:
378:
376:
372:
368:
364:
360:
356:
352:
348:
344:
340:
336:
332:
322:
320:
316:
312:
308:
304:
300:
299:Great Britain
296:
292:
288:
283:
281:
277:
272:
268:
264:
260:
250:
248:
244:
240:
236:
232:
231:western front
228:
224:
220:
216:
212:
208:
204:
200:
196:
192:
188:
178:
176:
173:and suitable
172:
168:
164:
160:
156:
153:
149:
148:eavesdropping
145:
141:
139:
134:
131:, especially
130:
126:
122:
119:
111:
107:
103:
98:
91:
86:
79:
75:
72:
68:
63:
56:
53:
48:
41:
37:
33:
28:
22:
920:. Retrieved
915:The Guardian
913:
903:
891:. Retrieved
884:
875:
843:. Retrieved
841:. Washington
834:
812:. Retrieved
807:The Guardian
805:
795:
783:. Retrieved
776:
762:
750:. Retrieved
745:
719:. Retrieved
712:
688:
679:
666:
611:
599:
598:David Kahn:
589:
579:
560:
513:
466:
448:
440:
438:
434:Deutsch Mark
410:British Army
394:West Germany
379:
367:Stasi-Mosche
366:
355:Soviet Union
335:Iron Curtain
328:
319:Kriegsmarine
284:
267:World War II
256:
242:
223:Eiffel Tower
219:aeronautical
184:
161:transmitted
136:
120:
115:
70:
52:National HRO
42:T.S.F.) 1914
39:
32:Eiffel Tower
922:11 February
893:11 February
863:|work=
845:11 February
814:11 February
785:17 December
603:Cryptologia
583:www.nsa.gov
565:or special
524:Bad Aibling
497:New Zealand
469:superpowers
398:Warsaw Pact
390:West Berlin
386:Teufelsberg
371:Berlin Wall
311:German Army
291:World War I
263:World War I
193:range, and
159:information
144:transmitter
90:Teufelsberg
30:Use of the
938:Categories
752:16 January
721:16 January
658:References
647:Frenchelon
573:Literature
556:Cheltenham
554:(GCHQ) in
505:Frenchelon
392:region of
293:, and the
287:Y-stations
163:wirelessly
106:Zimmerwald
78:golf balls
865:ignored (
855:cite book
528:Gablingen
493:Australia
361:) of the
57:receivers
38:(French:
918:. London
810:. London
717:. Berlin
682:: 20–27.
626:See also
507:used by
373:and the
331:Cold War
325:Cold War
315:B-Dienst
313:and the
152:acoustic
642:ECHELON
593:fas.org
536:England
516:Germany
479:of the
473:ECHELON
406:ECHELON
343:Brocken
257:In the
245:); the
67:radomes
618:
509:France
503:, and
495:, and
489:Canada
280:Lorenz
276:Enigma
209:, the
185:After
165:using
155:speech
150:on an
140:SIGINT
949:Radio
839:(PDF)
773:(PDF)
676:(PDF)
595:(PDF)
585:(PDF)
453:Stasi
449:Mitte
359:Stasi
271:radio
167:radio
118:radio
924:2021
895:2021
867:help
847:2021
816:2021
787:2020
754:2021
723:2021
616:ISBN
550:and
526:and
467:The
65:The
546:at
443:in
351:GRU
104:in
69:of
940::
912:.
883:.
859::
857:}}
853:{{
824:^
804:.
775:.
744:.
731:^
711:.
699:^
678:.
558:.
538:,
511:.
491:,
487:,
483:,
278:,
269:,
116:A
926:.
897:.
869:)
849:.
818:.
789:.
756:.
725:.
447:(
274:(
241:(
108:(
23:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
