849:. Held in November 1227, it was attended by Leszek, Władysław Odonic, Henry I the Bearded, and Konrad I of Masovia - for unknown reasons, one of the most interested, Władysław III Spindleshanks, did not attend the meeting. The content of the talks was most likely the conduct of Świętopełk II of Pomerelia. On the morning of 24 November, the princes were attacked while they were bathing. Henry I was seriously wounded, but his life was saved by his faithful knight Peregrinus of Wiesenburg, who covered him with his own body. Leszek managed to escape half-naked on his horse to the nearby village of
676:, at which he tried to find a solution to this delicate issue. In addition to the church hierarchy, almost all of the Piast dukes participated in the convention. Leszek, wanting to regain the support of the Church and the other rulers, bestowed a Great Privilege on the clergy, which ensured the integrity of territorial possession of the bishops. This privilege was not signed by Henry I the Bearded nor Władysław III, but they did comply with the provisions established therein. Mieszko Tanglefoot was not present in Borzykowa; with the help of the Lesser Poland family of
627:
27:
635:
498:, probably in gratitude for Roman's assistance against Mieszko III at Mozgawa in 1195. This alliance ended unexpectedly in 1205, however, when Roman decided to support Władysław III Spindleshanks' effort to recover the Seniorate Province (which supports the theory that Władysław III was expelled in 1202). Roman then invaded the domains of Leszek and Konrad for unknown reasons (although historians believe that this was due to the intrigues of Władysław III), venturing deep into their territory. Both forces clashed in the
811:
680:, he went with his army to Kraków, where the confusion among the citizens as to who was actually in charge enabled him to take the capital without a fight. This was the zenith of the success of Mieszko, as he died in May of the following year. Only then did Archbishop Kietlicz manage to make an appeal to Rome in order to obtain the reversal of the Bull. Henry I, although he was now the oldest Junior Duke, directed his attention to the German invasions, to
826:
775:) to protect their frontiers, for which knights from all of their domains were required to participate. But the concept of the Knight Guard collapsed by 1224 as a result of the defeat of the Lesser Poland knights, who suffered a surprise attack from the Prussians. The defeat and slaughter contributed significantly to the already cowardly attitude of the command of the Guard, a member of the Gryfici family, who was punished with exile.
93:
606:
Vladimir-in-Volhynia. Another expedition in 1221, this time with the help of
Hungary, also ended in failure. Moreover, these invasions prompted Daniel, recently reconciled with Mstislav of Novgorod, to make a retaliatory expedition that ended with the imprisonment of Coloman and Salomea and the proclamation of Mstislav as Prince of Galicia.
509:, who supported the rights of Roman's widow and children. Leszek and his brother initially led a coalition of Rurikid princes who wanted to remove Roman's children from Vladimir-in-Volhynia and Galicia. However, after some time, and in order to avoid a war with Hungary, they decided to sign a treaty. In 1206, Leszek met with Andrew II in
583:
in 1215 when the
Hungarians, impatient with the lack of help in securing the rule of Coloman, broke the alliance. Once the situation in Kievan Rus' seemed to be calm, the Hungarians sent an army against Leszek, using his support of Daniel as the rationale. During this campaign, Leszek lost the lands of Przemyśl and Lubaczów.
559:
later he was defeated at the Bobrka river, the danger of the zone forced the
Hungarian troops to retreat. In the same year, wanting to break the difficult relations with Hungary, Leszek, under the pressure of the Kraków aristocracy gathered around the voivode Pakosław, decided to conclude a peace treaty at
864:
The death of Leszek the White fundamentally changed the political situation in Poland. Despite his turbulent government, Leszek was the Duke of Kraków universally recognized by all the Polish princes. Świętopełk II declared himself independent from Polish vassalship upon Leszek's death. Leszek's son
582:
Unfortunately, this alliance with
Hungary did not last, because before the end of the year Leszek decided to support the restoration of Daniel Romanovich in Galicia when it was clear that the local nobility did not accept the rule of Prince Coloman. The ambiguous policy of the Duke of Kraków cost him
415:
Mikołaj and Prince Roman. This battle was inconclusive and ended with the withdrawal of
Mieszko III, distraught by the death of his son during the fight. The supporters of Leszek and Konrad decided not to pursue the retreating enemy and returned to Kraków, because the casualties were great and among
791:
his troops had wanted a clash with the forces of Leszek and Konrad at the Dłubnia River. Such a battle did not occur, however, because the opponents were able to conclude an agreement. It was recognized, though, that a return to the previous alliance and close cooperation that lasted from 1217–1224
763:
Initially, an attempt was made to convert the
Prussians by peaceful means through special trading centers in which the pagans would become acquainted with the Christians. In the end, however, after not seeing much progress, it was decided that there should be a military expedition, which took place
654:
because
Mieszko used the title of a Duke of Racibórz-Opole. The situation became quite confused, as nobody was sure who held the real power. The papal bull was a complete surprise for Leszek and the local church hierarchy who supported him, especially since both parties for the first time in Poland
554:
In 1210 Andrew II decided to replace the reigning prince of
Vladimir-in-Volhynia with Roman's eldest son Daniel. However, not wanting to lose his political influence, he decided to send his troops there. The expected Polish-Hungarian confrontation did not occur in the end, because Leszek was forced
445:
Some time earlier (ca. 1200), Leszek and Konrad, who had reached their majority and began to rule personally, decided to divide their domains. Konrad received
Masovia and Kuyavia, while Leszek retained only Sandomierz, probably with the hope of eventually reconquering the Seniorate Province and the
885:
in 1207. However, modern research now considers that he was married twice, firstly in 1207 or 1208 to a daughter of Prince Ingvar whose name is unknown, and after her repudiation, in 1210 or 1211 to
Grzymisława, who was possibly a daughter of Yaroslav IV Vladimirovich, Prince of Novgorod. From his
778:
In 1225, unhappy with this turn of events, the Gryfici conspired against Leszek and invited Henry I the Bearded to take the throne of Kraków, who for unknown reasons broke his previous alliance and, using Leszek's involvement in Kievan Rus' affairs, appeared near Kraków. The war between Leszek and
618:. This war, just like the previous ones, ended without a clear outcome despite temporary successes. Moreover, it resulted in another change of alliances in 1227 when Leszek joined with Hungary against Daniel. This was to be Leszek's last intervention in the long-running conflict with Kievan Rus'.
558:
Once the situation in the Seniorate Province was pacified, Leszek returned to Vladimir-in-Volhynia and Galicia in 1212. As a result of his military actions, he took several border towns. However, in 1213 he failed to prevent the capture of Galicia by the Hungarian boyar Władysław. Although a year
795:
New complications occurred in 1227. In Greater Poland, Władysław III Spindleshanks was unable to deal with his nephew, Władysław Odonic. Leszek was personally interested in this conflict, as he still hoped to inherit the domains of the childless Władysław III. For unknown reasons, at some point
470:
It is unknown how long Władysław III ruled over Kraków. According to some historians, his reign ended a few months after the death of his father, in autumn 1202; according to others (and this version seems more likely) it lasted until 1206 or even 1210. In any case, some time after the death of
420:
Goworek arrived and attacked the Silesian army of Mieszko Tanglefoot and Jarosław of Opole, who also arrived late to the battlefield. This second phase of the battle was decisively won by the Silesians, but with the escape of Mieszko III to Greater Poland, the Silesians also decided to retreat,
796:
Władysław Odonic lost the support of Swietopelk II, and thus he could not be sure of a victory. Therefore, it was unsurprising that both parties sought to end the conflict. Another problem that Leszek wanted to solve was the issue of the dangerous independent behavior of the Pomerelian Duke.
605:
The expedition under the command of Andrew II and Leszek was finally organized at the end of 1219. The combination of the Polish-Hungarian forces was a success, as Coloman and Salomea were formally proclaimed rulers of Galicia. In that year, Leszek also organized an unsuccessful expedition to
601:
These successive failures forced Leszek to reconsider his previous alliance with Andrew II of Hungary. This time, the treaty between them was sealed with the formal marriage between their children Coloman and Salomea. In return for his resignation over Galicia, Leszek received Volhynia in
695:, where Archbishop Kietlicz obtained additional privileges for the Church. The good political relationship between Leszek and Archbishop Ketlicz ended in 1216, when the Archbishop lost the favor of Rome after the death of Pope Innocent III and was forced to end his political influence.
355:
When Casimir II died on 5 May 1194, Leszek was only nine or ten years old. K. Jasiński, writing in 2001, puts his birth year as 1184 or 1185, while an older historiography claimed 1186 or 1187. The regency was exercised by his mother Helen, who counted on the help of Mikołaj Gryfita,
865:
Bolesław V was only one year old upon his father's death, and so the rule over Kraków and Lesser Poland was contested between Leszek's brother Konrad I and Władysław III Spindleshanks, who was his heir according to the treaty of mutual inheritance made in 1217. Eventually Duke
369:
However, Leszek's uncle Mieszko III the Old – who had been ruler of Kraków from 1173–1177 and was deposed after a national rebellion against him – refused to accept this, and with the help of powerful Lesser Poland families, decided to reconquer Kraków.
722:, where an alliance between the three was concluded. Moreover, a treaty of mutual inheritance between Leszek and Władysław III was signed, wherein Leszek, as the younger prince, had a better chance to inherit. This treaty also virtually disinherited
462:
of Sandomierz was ready to step down in order to obtain Kraków for his master, but Leszek, unwilling to discard him, strongly refused this request. In view of this impasse, Mikołaj Gryfita invited the youngest and only surviving son of Mieszko III,
590:, Prince of Novgorod. This new political approach failed to bring Leszek any positive results, because it prompted an alliance between Daniel Romanovich and Mstislav against him. As a result, the Duke of Kraków lost a small area between the
433:
through an agreement with Helen of Znojmo. On behalf of her eldest son, the Dowager Duchess and Regent formally resigned his control of Kraków in exchange for recognition of his rights over Lesser Poland and Masovia, and receipt of
428:
The withdrawal of Mieszko III the Old during the Battle of Mozgawą allowed Leszek (or more accurately, his regents) to maintain power for the next three years. However, in 1198, Mieszko III finally regained power over the
457:
After the death of Mieszko III, the reinstallment of Leszek was proposed. His former ally Mikołaj Gryfita, fearing his loss of political influence, demanded the dismissal of Leszek's closest collaborator, Goworek. The
609:
However, in 1223 an unexpected alliance developed between Mstislav and Andrew II regarding the succession of Galicia. It was agreed that after Mstislav's death Galicia would be inherited by Andrew II's youngest son
714:
However, the idea of Christianization continued. Henry I the Bearded soon became interested in helping, and with him Władysław III Spindleshanks. In 1217 Leszek and Henry I arranged a meeting at
614:. This caused a further change in the political situation, as Leszek and Daniel allied against them. Mstislav conducted an expedition against Leszek in 1225 with the help of the Cuman khan
646:. This development was used by Mieszko Tanglefoot, who quickly conquered Kraków and took the title of High Duke for himself. The bull was issued at the request of an anonymous
703:
Another important direction of Leszek's policy was management of Pomerania and the Christianization of Prussia. Already in 1212 Leszek and his brother Konrad had a meeting in
642:
The quiet government of Leszek over Kraków after the deposition of Władysław III Spindleshanks was interrupted in 1210 with his excommunication through a papal bull issued by
1723:
745:. It was soon realized, however, that Swietopelk's participation in this project was only a cover, as his main goal was to restore the political independence of his domains.
752:
requested of Leszek Polish participation in a Crusade, Leszek answered in a long letter that "neither he nor any self-respecting Polish knight could be induced to go to the
531:
A further confirmation of an active policy in Kievan Rus' were the marriages of Leszek and Konrad with Rurikid princesses. Leszek first married a daughter (name unknown) of
994:
The existence of a third son of Casimir II named Odon is controversial; however, recent historiography believes that he might have been a real person. K. Jasiński:
505:
Leszek and Konrad then became involved in the conflict associated with the succession of Roman's domains, which was further complicated by the intervention of King
1140:: Historia Kaszubów w dziejach Pomorza (The history of Kashubians within history of Pomerania) t.1 Czasy średniowieczne (vol.1 Middle ages), Gdańsk 2006, p. 517.
764:
in 1222. However, the whole enterprise soon failed, especially when Swietopelk II withdrew his support mid-crusade. Swietopelk also gave refuge at his court to
666:
737:
In their common desire to begin the Christianization of Prussia, Leszek, Henry I, and Władysław III were soon joined in their efforts by Leszek's brother
1630:
1186:
726:, Władysław III's nephew and closest male relative. The alliance agreement with Henry I and Władysław III enabled Leszek to adopt the title of
1858:
1853:
1522:
905:, but as noted above these plans failed and they never really established rule in that area. After her husband's death (1241) she became a
932:, which was further provided for by his son Bolesław V the Chaste, and in 1440 was extended and partially rebuilt in the Gothic style.
1160:
Dwa ruskie małżeństwa Leszka Białego. Karta z dziejów Rusi halicko-włodzimierskiej i stosunków polsko-ruskich w początkach XIII wieku
2112:
442:). This time (with a short interruption in 1199), Mieszko III remained in control over Kraków until his death on 13 March 1202.
711:
for the purpose of arranging a Christian mission that began only four years later when a bishop was sent, but without results.
704:
2097:
2092:
1238:
1217:
983:
611:
438:(for according to historians, Mieszko III and his son Bolesław had taken over the government of Kujavia after the death of
520:, displeased with the Hungarian rule, decided to escape to Poland, where they found refuge at Leszek's court; her eldest,
2117:
1828:
516:
Despite the agreement with the Hungarian King, the conflict continued. Shortly after, Roman's widow and her younger son
2122:
1035:
471:
Mikołaj Gryfita (also in 1202), the Kraków nobility invited Leszek to reassume the government without any conditions.
1102:
1045:
237:
70:
48:
1848:
857:
or Świętopełk II, or some conspiracy involving both parties. Leszek's body was transported to Kraków and buried in
482:. After that, Leszek cooperated closely with Archbishop Henry Kietlicz in implementing the reforms of Innocent III.
41:
2022:
1763:
1515:
1492:
1448:
1438:
742:
464:
325:
1833:
1539:
2102:
1944:
902:
2047:
715:
407:. In the first phase of the battle, the Greater Poland armies – personally commanded by Mieszko III and his son
416:
the injured was Prince Roman. However this was not the end of the battle, as the troops of Sandomierz led by
320:
in the years 1194–1198, 1199, 1206–1210, and 1211–1227. During the early stages of his reign, his uncle Duke
853:, but the assassins caught up to him and killed him. The attackers have been postulated to be men of either
513:, and afterwards the influence of the Hungarian rulers over Vladimir-in-Volhynia and Galicia was exclusive.
1949:
894:
708:
140:
1898:
1738:
1508:
524:
had already been sent to the court of Andrew II. During their exile in Poland, they received the land of
1092:
2037:
771:
To cope with a challenge from the Prussians, the Piast rulers decided to create a "Knight Guard" (pl:
397:
2107:
1984:
1880:
548:
1793:
1687:
1149:
K. Jasiński: Rodowód Piastów małopolskich i kujawskich, Poznań–Wrocław 2001, pp. 26–27, footnote 74.
1875:
1548:
563:. According to this treaty, the government of Galicia–Volhynia was given to Andrew II's second son
544:
35:
1798:
1743:
1713:
1357:
912:
677:
539:, perhaps a daughter of Yaroslav III Vladimirovich, Prince of Novgorod. Meanwhile, Konrad married
1913:
1703:
1531:
1482:
1455:
1428:
1401:
495:
478:. This put Poland clearly in the camp of pro-Papal territories in opposition to the power of the
439:
329:
1698:
1671:
363:
2042:
2032:
2012:
1693:
52:
878:
536:
408:
263:
247:
2082:
1974:
1903:
1773:
1768:
1748:
1620:
1475:
1465:
1171:
Historiography also notes 10 November 1268 as a death date, but seems unlikely. K. Jasiński:
854:
784:
765:
723:
671:
665:, Archbishop of Gniezno — who had returned from exile some time before — decided to call the
389:
655:
agreed upon the choice of the new Bishop of Kraków after the death of Fulka, the chronicler
2087:
2017:
1954:
1936:
898:
587:
506:
1868:
656:
626:
8:
1992:
1969:
1964:
1803:
1778:
1753:
1421:
1411:
1394:
1384:
1367:
1340:
866:
738:
651:
571:. This treaty also gave Leszek territorial acquisitions in Kievan Rus' (the districts of
499:
374:
340:
321:
317:
205:
130:
106:
850:
830:
634:
2007:
1921:
1788:
1732:
1708:
1681:
564:
517:
479:
430:
2002:
1843:
805:
494:. In 1199 he helped Prince Roman of Vladimir-in-Volhynia with troops to reconquer the
2027:
1926:
1783:
1234:
1213:
1098:
1041:
915:(21 June 1226 – 7 December 1279), who assumed the throne of Poland at Kraków in 1243.
890:
749:
643:
568:
521:
259:
254:
1808:
1374:
1226:
687:
Another result of the close cooperation between the Piasts and the Church was the
1838:
1823:
1230:
Central Europe in the High Middle Ages: Bohemia, Hungary and Poland, c.900–c.1300
1228:
1207:
858:
662:
474:
In 1207, Leszek placed his domains under the vassalage of the pope, at that time
385:
344:
305:
293:
179:
960:
810:
1997:
1576:
1077:
882:
846:
532:
491:
404:
275:
1813:
1286:
Mitkowski, Józef (1938). "Nieznane dokumenty Leszka Białego z lat 1217–1222".
2076:
1959:
1890:
1658:
1316:
1137:
788:
540:
425:
Goworek, who regained his freedom a few months later by payment of a ransom.
333:
1227:
Nora Berend; Przemysław Urbańczyk; Przemysław Wiszewski (19 December 2013).
475:
451:
403:
An extremely bloody battle took place on 13 September 1195 at Mozgawa near
1648:
1615:
1279:
Nasza Przeszłość: Studia z dziejów Kościoła i kultury katolickiej w Polsce
906:
818:
780:
681:
98:
576:
572:
393:
388:. Mieszko III the Old was able to negotiate with his Silesian relatives
1597:
1347:
825:
313:
148:
719:
692:
373:
The war began in 1195. On the side of Leszek and his youngest brother
1666:
1590:
1562:
1500:
753:
595:
838:
378:
229:
1638:
1604:
1583:
510:
358:
615:
555:
to have his army return after Mieszko Tanglefoot captured Kraków.
490:
In the early years of his rule, Leszek's policy focused mainly in
1676:
1569:
447:
435:
382:
270:
560:
1643:
1610:
1555:
842:
233:
92:
1255:
Włodarski, Bronisław (1925). "Polityka ruska Leszka Białego".
929:
877:
Older historiography noted that Leszek married only once, to
688:
591:
718:. A year later Leszek met with Henry I and Władysław III at
684:. Leszek returned to Kraków without any major difficulties.
621:
339:
Leszek was the third or fourth, but eldest surviving son of
924:
In 1216 Leszek founded the Church of Saint Wenceslaus (pl:
837:
A meeting of Polish Dukes was organized in the district of
757:
525:
586:
After this defeat, Leszek wanted to make an alliance with
787:, which forced Henry I to retreat. Before he could leave
630:
Seal of Leszek Biały (Leszek I, "the White"), Front side.
1268:
Włodarski, Bronisław (1966). "Polska i Ruś: 1194–1340".
638:
Seal of Leszek Biały (Leszek I, "the White"), Back side.
502:(14 October 1205), where Roman was defeated and killed.
400:, who promised to send food to him during the campaign.
16:
High Duke of Poland intermittently between 1194 and 1227
1299:
Labuda, Gerard (1995). "Śmierć Leszka Białego (1227)".
768:, who began his fight against his uncle Władysław III.
756:, where, they had been informed, there was no wine,
1162:, "Roczniki Historyczne", t. 72, 2006, pp. 67–93.
886:marriage to Grzymisława, Leszek had two children:
893:(1211/12 – 17 November 1268), married in 1215 to
2074:
1277:Umiński, Józef (1947). "Śmierć Leszka Białego".
1094:From Da to Yes: Understanding the East Europeans
602:compensation, after Prince Daniel was expelled.
1033:
312:; c. 1184/85 – 24 November 1227) was Prince of
779:Henry I was preempted because of an attack on
698:
485:
350:
1516:
1184:
567:, who was to marry Leszek's oldest daughter
336:, contested Leszek's right to be High Duke.
2063:indicates monarch of questioned historicity
869:of Silesia prevailed as High Duke in 1232.
1523:
1509:
91:
1285:
1267:
1254:
1173:Rodowód Piastów małopolskich i kujawskich
1059:
1057:
1034:Halecki, Oskar; Polonsky, Antony (1977).
1024:, Kraków 2005, pp. 459–460 (1st ed. 1895)
1009:Rodowód Piastów małopolskich i kujawskich
996:Rodowód Piastów małopolskich i kujawskich
622:Conflict with Władysław III Spindleshanks
71:Learn how and when to remove this message
1090:
1040:. Routledge and Kegan-Paul. p. 28.
944:), and his name is infrequently spelled
824:
809:
633:
625:
34:This article includes a list of general
1276:
2075:
1530:
1298:
1054:
1504:
919:
872:
386:Prince Roman of Vladimir-in-Volhynia
20:
1097:. Intercultural Press. p. 69.
901:. They were the intended rulers of
883:Ingvar Yaroslavich, Prince of Lutsk
533:Ingvar Yaroslavich, Prince of Lutsk
13:
1248:
40:it lacks sufficient corresponding
14:
2134:
1175:, Poznań–Wrocław 2001, pp. 23–25.
1011:, Poznań–Wrocław 2001, pp. 23–25.
972:
467:, to be the new ruler of Kraków.
97:Leszek the White, as imagined by
1193:. The Fryderyk Chopin Institute.
833:at the site of his assassination
799:
743:Swietopelk II, Duke of Pomerelia
25:
1178:
1165:
1152:
1143:
1131:
227:24 November 1227 (age c. 42–43)
2113:13th-century murdered monarchs
1233:. Cambridge University Press.
1118:
1084:
1070:
1027:
1014:
1001:
998:, Poznań–Wrocław 2001, p. 247.
988:
861:on or before 6 December 1227.
421:taking with them the captured
1:
1270:Państwowe Wydawnictwo Naukowe
1212:. Wydaw. Dolnośląskie. 2002.
966:
815:The Death of Leszek the White
792:would no longer be possible.
650:, which could only have been
2098:13th-century Polish monarchs
2093:12th-century Polish monarchs
2048:Stanisław August Poniatowski
7:
2023:Michał Korybut Wiśniowiecki
1764:Władysław III Spindleshanks
1493:Władysław III Spindleshanks
1449:Władysław III Spindleshanks
1439:Władysław III Spindleshanks
1191:Dziedzictwo Muzyki Polskiej
909:nun at Zawichost and Skała.
760:, or even beer to be had".
699:Christianization of Prussia
486:Intervention in Kievan Rus'
465:Władysław III Spindleshanks
351:Struggle for the succession
326:Władysław III Spindleshanks
10:
2139:
2118:Assassinated Polish people
1200:
803:
2123:People murdered in Poland
2056:
1983:
1935:
1912:
1888:
1867:
1854:Dukes of Gdańsk Pomerania
1733:Senior or Supreme Princes
1722:
1657:
1629:
1538:
1489:
1480:
1472:
1462:
1453:
1445:
1435:
1426:
1418:
1408:
1399:
1391:
1381:
1372:
1364:
1354:
1345:
1337:
1310:
1209:Leszek Biały i jego czasy
935:
289:
281:
269:
253:
243:
223:
215:
211:
201:
193:
185:
178:
170:
162:
154:
146:
136:
126:
112:
105:
90:
85:
1849:Dukes of Sieradz-Łęczyca
545:Svyatoslav III Igorevich
381:and Sandomierz, and the
1829:Dukes of Greater Poland
1091:Richmond, Yale (1995).
963:and performed in 1809.
940:He is rarely numbered (
496:Principality of Galicia
440:Leszek, Duke of Masovia
398:Jarosław, Duke of Opole
377:fought the nobility of
174:Władysław Spindleshanks
141:Władysław Spindleshanks
55:more precise citations.
2103:Polish Roman Catholics
2033:Augustus II the Strong
1950:Władysław III of Varna
1834:Dukes of Little Poland
1739:Władysław II the Exile
1694:Casimir I the Restorer
1688:Bolesław the Forgotten
1288:Kwartalnik Historyczny
1124:Halecki and Polonsky.
1063:Halecki and Polonsky.
834:
822:
709:Mestwin I of Pomerelia
639:
631:
411:– faced the forces of
362:of Kraków, and Fulko,
309:
1975:Sigismund II Augustus
1945:Władysław II Jagiełło
1922:Louis I the Hungarian
1904:Casimir III the Great
1799:Bolesław V the Chaste
1774:Mieszko IV Tanglefoot
1744:Bolesław IV the Curly
1714:Bolesław III Wrymouth
1621:Piast the Wheelwright
1476:Mieszko IV Tanglefoot
1466:Mieszko IV Tanglefoot
1358:Bolesław V the Chaste
913:Bolesław V the Chaste
828:
813:
785:Louis IV of Thuringia
637:
629:
2018:John II Casimir Vasa
1937:Jagiellonian dynasty
1899:Władysław I Łokietek
1699:Bolesław II the Bold
1672:Bolesław I the Brave
1301:Roczniki Historyczne
1257:Nakł. Tow. Naukowego
955:An opera about him,
899:Andrew II of Hungary
829:Statue of Leszek in
588:Mstislav Mstislavich
507:Andrew II of Hungary
332:branch of the royal
1970:Sigismund I the Old
1914:Capet-Anjou dynasty
1804:Leszek II the Black
1794:Bolesław the Horned
1754:Casimir II the Just
1749:Mieszko III the Old
1483:High Duke of Poland
1456:High Duke of Poland
1429:High Duke of Poland
1422:Mieszko III the Old
1412:Mieszko III the Old
1402:High Duke of Poland
1395:Casimir II the Just
1368:Casimir II the Just
1341:Casimir II the Just
1037:A History of Poland
926:Kościół św. Wacława
867:Henry I the Bearded
739:Konrad I of Masovia
732:dux totius Poloniae
652:Henry I the Bearded
549:Prince of Peremyshl
500:Battle of Zawichost
341:Casimir II the Just
322:Mieszko III the Old
318:High Duke of Poland
285:Casimir II the Just
264:Bolesław the Chaste
166:Casimir II the Just
131:Casimir II the Just
107:High Duke of Poland
2008:Sigismund III Vasa
1859:Dukes of Pomerania
1789:Henry II the Pious
1704:Władysław I Herman
1682:Mieszko II Lambert
1532:Monarchs of Poland
1348:Duke of Sandomierz
1185:Jakub Chachulski.
1078:"Leszek the White"
1022:Genealogia Piastów
920:Church foundations
873:Marriage and issue
835:
823:
667:Synod of Borzykowa
640:
632:
480:Holy Roman Emperor
431:Seniorate Province
390:Mieszko Tanglefoot
2070:
2069:
2028:John III Sobieski
2013:Władysław IV Vasa
1985:Elective monarchy
1869:Přemyslid dynasty
1784:Henry the Bearded
1499:
1498:
1490:Succeeded by
1463:Succeeded by
1436:Succeeded by
1409:Succeeded by
1382:Succeeded by
1355:Succeeded by
1312:Leszek the White
1240:978-0-521-78156-5
1219:978-83-7023-935-0
959:, was written by
928:) in the city of
841:on the border of
783:by the Landgrave
750:Pope Innocent III
657:Wincenty Kadłubek
644:Pope Innocent III
446:adjacent land of
396:, and his nephew
299:
298:
81:
80:
73:
2130:
2108:Dukes of Masovia
1844:Dukes of Kuyavia
1839:Dukes of Masovia
1824:Dukes of Silesia
1809:Henryk IV Probus
1769:Władysław Odonic
1759:Leszek the White
1525:
1518:
1511:
1502:
1501:
1487:1211–1227
1473:Preceded by
1460:1206–1210
1446:Preceded by
1433:1199–1202
1419:Preceded by
1406:1194–1198
1392:Preceded by
1379:1194–1200
1365:Preceded by
1352:1194–1227
1338:Preceded by
1333:
1332:24 November 1227
1326:
1308:
1307:
1304:
1295:
1282:
1273:
1264:
1244:
1223:
1195:
1194:
1182:
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1088:
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1074:
1068:
1061:
1052:
1051:
1031:
1025:
1018:
1012:
1005:
999:
992:
986:
978:Malcolm Barber,
976:
903:Galicia–Volhynia
855:Władysław Odonic
831:Marcinkowo Górne
773:stróże rycerskie
766:Władysław Odonic
724:Władysław Odonic
675:
364:Bishop of Kraków
302:Leszek the White
197:Casimir the Just
95:
86:Leszek the White
83:
82:
76:
69:
65:
62:
56:
51:this article by
42:inline citations
29:
28:
21:
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2003:Stephen Báthory
1993:Henry of Valois
1979:
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1375:Duke of Masovia
1370:
1360:
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1327:
1321:
1320:
1313:
1251:
1249:Further reading
1241:
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989:
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969:
938:
922:
875:
859:Wawel Cathedral
808:
806:Gąsawa massacre
802:
701:
669:
663:Henryk Kietlicz
648:Duke of Silesia
624:
488:
353:
345:Helen of Znojmo
294:Helen of Znojmo
262:
228:
180:Duke of Masovia
121:
119:
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101:
77:
66:
60:
57:
47:Please help to
46:
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17:
12:
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2020:
2015:
2010:
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1998:Anna Jagiellon
1995:
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1881:Wenceslaus III
1878:
1873:
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1865:
1864:
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1654:
1652:
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1646:
1641:
1635:
1633:
1631:Proto-historic
1627:
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1618:
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1371:
1366:
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1335:
1334:
1317:House of Piast
1314:
1311:
1306:
1305:
1296:
1283:
1274:
1265:
1250:
1247:
1246:
1245:
1239:
1224:
1218:
1202:
1199:
1197:
1196:
1187:"Józef Elsner"
1177:
1164:
1158:D. Dąbrowski:
1151:
1142:
1130:
1117:
1103:
1083:
1069:
1053:
1046:
1026:
1013:
1000:
987:
980:The Two Cities
970:
968:
965:
937:
934:
921:
918:
917:
916:
910:
897:, son of King
895:Prince Coloman
881:, daughter of
874:
871:
847:Greater Poland
804:Main article:
801:
798:
700:
697:
623:
620:
543:, daughter of
487:
484:
352:
349:
330:Greater Polish
297:
296:
291:
287:
286:
283:
279:
278:
276:House of Piast
273:
267:
266:
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251:
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138:
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96:
88:
87:
79:
78:
33:
31:
24:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2135:
2124:
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2026:
2024:
2021:
2019:
2016:
2014:
2011:
2009:
2006:
2004:
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1999:
1996:
1994:
1991:
1990:
1988:
1986:
1982:
1976:
1973:
1971:
1968:
1966:
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1961:
1960:John I Albert
1958:
1956:
1953:
1951:
1948:
1946:
1943:
1942:
1940:
1938:
1934:
1928:
1925:
1923:
1920:
1919:
1917:
1915:
1911:
1905:
1902:
1900:
1897:
1896:
1894:
1892:
1891:Piast dynasty
1887:
1882:
1879:
1877:
1876:Wenceslaus II
1874:
1872:
1870:
1866:
1860:
1857:
1855:
1852:
1850:
1847:
1845:
1842:
1840:
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1750:
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1737:
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1734:
1729:
1727:
1724:Fragmentation
1721:
1715:
1712:
1710:
1707:
1705:
1702:
1700:
1697:
1695:
1692:
1690:
1689:
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1683:
1680:
1678:
1675:
1673:
1670:
1668:
1665:
1664:
1662:
1660:
1659:Piast dynasty
1656:
1650:
1647:
1645:
1642:
1640:
1637:
1636:
1634:
1632:
1628:
1622:
1619:
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1614:
1612:
1609:
1607:
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1553:
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1526:
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1519:
1514:
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1507:
1506:
1503:
1494:
1485:
1484:
1477:
1471:
1467:
1458:
1457:
1450:
1444:
1440:
1431:
1430:
1423:
1417:
1413:
1404:
1403:
1396:
1390:
1386:
1377:
1376:
1369:
1363:
1359:
1350:
1349:
1342:
1336:
1331:
1324:
1319:
1318:
1309:
1302:
1297:
1294:(4): 645–658.
1293:
1289:
1284:
1280:
1275:
1271:
1266:
1262:
1258:
1253:
1252:
1242:
1236:
1232:
1231:
1225:
1221:
1215:
1211:
1210:
1205:
1204:
1192:
1188:
1181:
1174:
1168:
1161:
1155:
1146:
1139:
1138:Gerard Labuda
1134:
1127:
1121:
1106:
1104:9781877864308
1100:
1096:
1095:
1087:
1080:. artyzm.com.
1079:
1073:
1066:
1060:
1058:
1049:
1047:9780710086471
1043:
1039:
1038:
1030:
1023:
1017:
1010:
1007:K. Jasiński:
1004:
997:
991:
985:
981:
975:
971:
964:
962:
958:
953:
951:
947:
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927:
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868:
862:
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852:
848:
844:
840:
832:
827:
820:
816:
812:
807:
800:Assassination
797:
793:
790:
789:Lesser Poland
786:
782:
776:
774:
769:
767:
761:
759:
755:
751:
746:
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735:
733:
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712:
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649:
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628:
619:
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599:
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534:
529:
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391:
387:
384:
380:
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371:
367:
365:
361:
360:
348:
346:
343:and his wife
342:
337:
335:
334:Piast dynasty
331:
327:
323:
319:
315:
311:
307:
303:
295:
292:
288:
284:
280:
277:
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135:
132:
129:
125:
115:
111:
108:
104:
100:
94:
89:
84:
75:
72:
64:
54:
50:
44:
43:
37:
32:
23:
22:
19:
2083:1180s births
2060:
2043:Augustus III
1820:
1758:
1731:
1686:
1603:
1596:
1589:
1582:
1575:
1568:
1561:
1554:
1547:
1481:
1454:
1427:
1400:
1373:
1346:
1329:
1322:
1315:
1300:
1291:
1287:
1278:
1269:
1260:
1256:
1229:
1208:
1190:
1180:
1172:
1167:
1159:
1154:
1145:
1133:
1125:
1120:
1108:. Retrieved
1093:
1086:
1072:
1064:
1036:
1029:
1021:
1016:
1008:
1003:
995:
990:
979:
974:
961:Józef Elsner
957:Leszek Biały
956:
954:
949:
945:
941:
939:
925:
923:
876:
863:
836:
814:
794:
777:
772:
770:
762:
747:
736:
734:since 1218.
731:
728:dux Poloniae
727:
713:
702:
686:
661:
647:
641:
608:
604:
600:
585:
581:
557:
553:
530:
515:
504:
489:
476:Innocent III
473:
469:
459:
456:
444:
427:
422:
417:
412:
402:
372:
368:
357:
354:
338:
310:Leszek Biały
301:
300:
67:
58:
39:
18:
2088:1227 deaths
2038:Stanisław I
1814:Przemysł II
1303:(61): 7–36.
1020:O. Balzer:
879:Grzymisława
819:Jan Matejko
670: [
537:Grzymisława
535:, and then
492:Kievan Rus'
328:, from the
324:and cousin
248:Grzymisława
194:Predecessor
163:Predecessor
127:Predecessor
99:Jan Matejko
53:introducing
2077:Categories
1955:Casimir IV
1598:Leszko III
1281:(2): 3–36.
967:References
907:Poor Clare
851:Marcinkowo
596:Bug rivers
392:, Duke of
314:Sandomierz
219:c. 1184/85
149:Sandomierz
61:April 2016
36:references
1965:Alexander
1889:Restored
1821:See also:
1667:Mieszko I
1649:Siemomysł
1616:Chościsko
1611:Popiel II
1591:Leszko II
1563:Krakus II
1540:Legendary
754:Holy Land
598:in 1218.
405:Jędrzejów
202:Successor
189:1194–1200
171:Successor
158:1194–1227
137:Successor
122:1211–1227
120:1206–1210
116:1194–1198
1779:Konrad I
1709:Zbigniew
1639:Siemowit
1605:Popiel I
1584:Leszko I
1556:Krakus I
1385:Konrad I
1128:. p. 29.
942:Leszek I
577:Lubaczów
573:Przemyśl
511:Volhynia
460:wojewoda
423:wojewoda
418:wojewoda
413:wojewoda
409:Bolesław
394:Racibórz
359:wojewoda
206:Konrad I
147:Duke of
2061:Italics
1927:Jadwiga
1677:Bezprym
1570:Lech II
1201:Sources
1110:24 July
1067:. p. 29
891:Salomea
720:Sądowel
705:Mąkolno
693:Wolbórz
678:Gryfici
569:Salomea
565:Coloman
518:Vasilko
452:Łęczyca
448:Sieradz
436:Kujavia
383:Rurikid
260:Salomea
49:improve
1726:period
1644:Lestek
1549:Lech I
1328:
1237:
1216:
1126:Poland
1101:
1065:Poland
1044:
984:p. 368
946:Leszko
936:Legacy
843:Kujawy
839:Gąsawa
821:(1880)
781:Lubusz
716:Danków
682:Lubusz
612:Andrew
541:Agafia
522:Daniel
379:Kraków
375:Konrad
306:Polish
290:Mother
282:Father
244:Spouse
238:Poland
234:Kujawy
230:Gąsawa
38:, but
1577:Wanda
1330:Died:
1325:~1186
1323:Born:
950:Lesco
930:Radom
748:When
707:with
689:synod
674:]
616:Köten
592:Narew
271:House
255:Issue
186:Reign
155:Reign
113:Reign
1235:ISBN
1214:ISBN
1112:2020
1099:ISBN
1042:ISBN
845:and
758:mead
741:and
594:and
575:and
561:Spiš
526:Belz
316:and
224:Died
216:Born
118:1199
948:or
817:by
730:or
691:of
579:).
2079::
1292:52
1290:.
1259:.
1189:.
1056:^
982:,
952:.
672:pl
659:.
551:.
547:,
528:.
454:.
366:.
347:.
308::
236:,
232:,
1524:e
1517:t
1510:v
1272:.
1263:.
1261:3
1243:.
1222:.
1114:.
1050:.
450:-
304:(
74:)
68:(
63:)
59:(
45:.
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