2078:
1585:
4755:
1067:
47:
2019:). In the Czech Republic and in Poland, a pork tongue is considered a delicacy, and there are many ways of preparing it. In Eastern Slavic countries, pork and beef tongues are commonly consumed, boiled and garnished with horseradish or jellied; beef tongues fetch a significantly higher price and are considered more of a delicacy. In Alaska, cow tongues are among the more common. Both cow and moose tongues are popular toppings on open-top-sandwiches in Norway, the latter usually amongst hunters.
1214:
2046:
468:
1223:
2058:
1577:
1908:
617:
2034:
747:
2179:
625:
823:
883:
1130:
1813:, "tongue-tied" means being unable to say what you want due to confusion or restriction. The phrase "cat got your tongue" refers to when a person is speechless. To "bite one's tongue" is a phrase which describes holding back an opinion to avoid causing offence. A "slip of the tongue" refers to an unintentional utterance, such as a
1120:
The tongue can divide itself in dorsal and ventral surface. The dorsal surface is a stratified squamous keratinized epithelium, which is characterized by numerous mucosal projections called papillae. The lingual papillae covers the dorsal side of the tongue towards the front of the terminal groove.
1697:
with the tongues found in vertebrates and often have little resemblance in function. For example, butterflies do not lick with their proboscides; they suck through them, and the proboscis is not a single organ, but two jaws held together to form a tube. Many species of fish have small folds at the
3388:
The mouth forms of
Polynesia are expressive and contain a great deal of variation, from the snarling lips of Hawaiian sculture to the tight-lipped, pursed mouths of the Easter Island statues. The presence or absence of a tongue is helpful in considering the meaning of the mouth forms. The mouth
1156:, one on the right side and one on the left, form on the first pharyngeal arch. These lingual swellings quickly expand and cover the median tongue bud. They form the anterior part of the tongue that makes up two-thirds of the length of the tongue, and continue to develop through
4775:
1647:. A dog's tongue also acts as a heat regulator. As a dog increases its exercise the tongue will increase in size due to greater blood flow. The tongue hangs out of the dog's mouth and the moisture on the tongue will work to cool the bloodflow.
1287:
surface, and each taste bud is equipped with taste receptor cells that can sense particular classes of tastes. Distinct types of taste receptor cells respectively detect substances that are sweet, bitter, salty, sour, spicy, or taste of
1979:, and is especially popular in Mexican cuisine. As part of Colombian gastronomy, Tongue in Sauce (Lengua en Salsa) is a dish prepared by frying the tongue and adding tomato sauce, onions and salt. Tongue can also be prepared as
1179:, and this develops into the posterior part of the tongue (the other third and the posterior most part of the tongue is developed from the fourth pharyngeal arch). The hypopharyngeal eminence develops mainly by the growth of
1183:
from the third pharyngeal arch. The boundary between the two parts of the tongue, the anterior from the first arch and the posterior from the third arch is marked by the terminal sulcus. The terminal sulcus is shaped like a
350:
There are two groups of glossal muscles. The four intrinsic muscles alter the shape of the tongue and are not attached to bone. The four paired extrinsic muscles change the position of the tongue and are anchored to bone.
1312:
The tongue is an important accessory organ in the digestive system. The tongue is used for crushing food against the hard palate, during mastication and manipulation of food for softening prior to swallowing. The
2483:
1639:. The tongues of these species have a very rough texture, which allows them to remove oils and parasites. Some dogs have a tendency to consistently lick a part of their foreleg, which can result in a
738:. The four intrinsic muscles act to change the shape of the tongue, and are not attached to any bone. The four extrinsic muscles act to change the position of the tongue, and are anchored to bone.
1552:
quality of the oral cavity, and allows for the speedy application of medication into the cardiovascular system, bypassing the gastrointestinal tract. This is the only convenient and efficacious
1876:
have become more common in western countries in recent decades. One study found that one-fifth of young adults in Israel had at least one type of oral piercing, most commonly the tongue.
487:. This division is along the length of the tongue save for the very back of the pharyngeal part and is visible as a groove called the median sulcus. The human tongue is divided into
1369:
are articulated by constricting airflow through the vocal tract, and many consonants feature a constriction between the tongue and some other part of the vocal tract. For example,
853:
The superior longitudinal muscle runs along the upper surface of the tongue under the mucous membrane, and functions to shorten and curl the tongue upward. It originates near the
3389:
forms showing protrusion of the tongue occur in the
Marginal Islands (New Zealand, Hawaii, and the Marquesas), Central Polynesia (Tahiti and the Cook Islands) and the Australs.
491:
parts by the terminal sulcus, which is a "V"-shaped groove. The apex of the terminal sulcus is marked by a blind foramen, the foramen cecum, which is a remnant of the median
2022:
Tongues of seals and whales have been eaten, sometimes in large quantities, by sealers and whalers, and in various times and places have been sold for food on shore.
2492:
981:
Innervation of taste and sensation is different for the anterior and posterior part of the tongue because they are derived from different embryological structures (
446:
ending of the word seems to be a fourteenth-century attempt to show "proper pronunciation", but it is "neither etymological nor phonetic". Some used the spelling
864:
The inferior longitudinal muscle lines the sides of the tongue, and is joined to the styloglossus muscle. It functions to shorten and curl the tongue downward.
257:
3421:
867:
The vertical muscle is located in the middle of the tongue, and joins the superior and inferior longitudinal muscles. It functions to flatten the tongue.
1381:
like and are articulated with the tongue dorsum against the soft palate (velum). Tongue shape is also relevant to speech articulation, for example in
910:. The floor of the mouth also receives its blood supply from the lingual artery. There is also a secondary blood supply to the root of tongue from the
2921:
1333:, and this is facilitated by both the extrinsic muscles that move the tongue and the intrinsic muscles that change its shape. Specifically, different
663:
shape from the foramen cecum, forwards and outwards to the margins (borders) of the tongue. The terminal sulcus divides the tongue into a posterior
3448:
1175:. During the fifth and sixth weeks, the copula is overgrown by a swelling from the third and fourth arches (mainly from the third arch) called the
233:
1304:, this is incorrect; all taste sensations come from all regions of the tongue, although certain parts are more sensitive to certain tastes.
1861:
for sticking his tongue out at a neighbor with whom he had been arguing - proof of the affront had been captured with a cell-phone camera.
324:. The tongue also serves as a natural means of cleaning the teeth. A major function of the tongue is the enabling of speech in humans and
2227:
Maton, Anthea; Hopkins, Jean; McLaughlin, Charles
William; Johnson, Susan; Warner, Maryanna Quon; LaHart, David; Wright, Jill D. (1993).
2215:
781:
and protrudes the tongue. It is also known as the tongue's "safety muscle" since it is the only muscle that propels the tongue forward.
4312:
2077:
1698:
base of their mouths that might informally be called tongues, but they lack a muscular structure like the true tongues found in most
1261:
3315:
1803:
refers to a statement that is not to be taken entirely seriously – something said or done with subtle ironic or sarcastic humour. A
1829:, which is to make smooth, language-resembling sounds that is no true spoken language itself. A deceptive person is said to have a
17:
2746:
488:
3898:
1960:
The tongues of some animals are consumed and sometimes prized as delicacies. Hot-tongue sandwiches frequently appear on menus in
1849:
or defiance in many countries; the act may also have sexual connotations, depending on the way in which it is done. However, in
846:. These muscles alter the shape of the tongue by lengthening and shortening it, curling and uncurling its apex and edges as in
831:
563:
2890:
1817:. The "gift of tongues" refers to when one is uncommonly gifted to be able to speak in a foreign language, often as a type of
1548:
is very thin underneath the tongue, and is underlain by a plexus of veins. The sublingual route takes advantage of the highly
1054:
The tip of tongue drains to the submental nodes. The left and right halves of the anterior two-thirds of the tongue drains to
714:
that tethers the tongue at the midline to the floor of the mouth. On either side of the frenulum are small prominences called
2817:
2719:
2707:
the tongue is also responsible for the shaping of the bolus as food passes from the mouth to the rest of the alimentary canal
2411:
Jamrozik, T.; Wender, W. (January 1952). "Topographic anatomy of lingual arterial anastomoses; Pirogov-Belclard's triangle".
2377:
911:
107:
1743:: "there appeared unto them cloven tongues like as of fire, and it sat upon each of them. And they were all filled with the
3441:
2974:
Imms' General
Textbook of Entomology: Volume 1: Structure, Physiology and Development, Volume 2: Classification and Biology
2210:
830:
Four paired intrinsic muscles of the tongue originate and insert within the tongue, running along its length. They are the
774:. Their main functions are altering the tongue's position allowing for protrusion, retraction, and side-to-side movement.
1292:. Umami receptor cells are the least understood and accordingly are the type most intensively under research. There is a
4490:
2919:
Krönert, H.; Pleschka, K. (January 1976). "Lingual blood flow and its hypothalamic control in the dog during panting".
2700:
2614:
2589:
2447:
1561:
522:
The anterior tongue is, at its apex, thin and narrow. It is directed forward against the lingual surfaces of the lower
503:
part is the visible part situated at the front and makes up roughly two-thirds the length of the tongue. The posterior
3037:
3006:
2981:
2647:
2564:
2526:
2293:
2240:
1947:
850:, and flattening and rounding its surface. This provides shape and helps facilitate speech, swallowing, and eating.
581:
to the tip is 10 cm. The average weight of the human tongue from adult males is 99g and for adult females 79g.
2057:
167:
3337:
Liran, Levin; Yehuda, Zadik; Tal, Becker (December 2005). "Oral and dental complications of intra-oral piercing".
1357:) that are different for each vowel, while attenuating other harmonics. For example, is produced with the tongue
4553:
4520:
4254:
3434:
632:
The upper surface of the tongue is called the dorsum, and is divided by a groove into symmetrical halves by the
339:
part at the back. The left and right sides are also separated along most of its length by a vertical section of
4305:
1929:
4472:
252:
483:. The left and right sides of the tongue are separated by a vertical section of fibrous tissue known as the
4800:
1358:
1284:
835:
640:
marks the end of this division (at about 2.5 cm from the root of the tongue) and the beginning of the
3289:
2133:
4442:
3891:
2188:
1362:
1138:
1071:
915:
843:
111:
1520:
often form a visible tongue coating. This coating has been identified as a major factor contributing to
1321:. Consequently, the tongue can grind against the hard palate without being itself damaged or irritated.
990:
4745:
3939:
1858:
1133:
Floor of pharynx at about 26 days showing lateral swellings at first pharyngeal arch (mandibular arch).
4795:
4790:
4298:
4211:
2004:
1472:
1273:
1055:
1012:
1001:
954:
950:
839:
188:
184:
2809:
1036:
792:
715:
216:
71:
2045:
4785:
4437:
4134:
2630:
Schacter, Daniel L.; Gilbert, Daniel Todd; Wegner, Daniel M. (2009). "Sensation and
Perception".
1925:
1918:
1553:
1541:
1503:
1176:
899:
31:
2747:"Epidemiological analysis of tongue cancer in South Australia for the 24-year period, 1977-2001"
1491:, bifid tongue (due to failure in fusion of two lingual swellings of first pharyngeal arch) and
4805:
4400:
4221:
4154:
3884:
2639:
2556:
2518:
2102:
1480:
1476:
1338:
1024:
672:
547:
264:
240:
228:
150:
788:
and retracts and depresses the tongue. The chondroglossus is often included with this muscle.
4269:
4249:
4127:
4053:
4043:
4038:
3934:
2664:
1146:
907:
555:
391:
192:
2801:
2631:
2510:
4732:
3257:
1995:'s tongue is occasionally employed in Continental and contemporary American cooking. Fried
1728:
1382:
1293:
1157:
962:
803:
649:
492:
325:
163:
1765:
is used as a child's first language. Many languages have the same word for "tongue" and "
1584:
8:
4546:
4216:
4110:
4048:
4018:
3126:
3029:
2802:
1822:
1640:
1557:
1433:
719:
653:
539:
4754:
1078:
4264:
4206:
4115:
3457:
3250:
3147:
3052:
2954:
2898:
2867:
2834:
2765:
2669:
1885:
1694:
1488:
1449:
1370:
1342:
1121:
The ventral surface is stratified squamous non-keratinized epithelium which is smooth.
1106:
711:
476:
431:
423:
383:
304:, and is the primary organ of taste. The tongue's upper surface (dorsum) is covered by
2723:
2632:
2549:
1834:
754:
The four extrinsic muscles originate from bone and extend to the tongue. They are the
4717:
4417:
4382:
4358:
4078:
3354:
3350:
3236:
3140:
3073:
3066:
3033:
3002:
2977:
2946:
2938:
2872:
2854:
2850:
2813:
2779:
2696:
2643:
2610:
2585:
2560:
2522:
2511:
2443:
2420:
2373:
2330:
2289:
2236:
2229:
2193:
2153:
2109:
1789:
1674:
1650:
Some animals have tongues that are specially adapted for catching prey. For example,
1468:
1394:
1193:
1188:
with the tip of the V situated posteriorly. At the tip of the terminal sulcus is the
1142:
1102:
966:
645:
605:
526:
teeth. The posterior part is, at its root, directed backward, and connected with the
340:
159:
67:
4776:
Knowledge articles incorporating text from the 20th edition of Gray's
Anatomy (1918)
3375:
Dimensions of
Polynesia: Fine Arts Gallery of San Diego, October 7-November 25, 1973
2958:
2800:
Newman, Michael G.; Takei, Henry; Klokkevold, Perry R.; Carranza, Fermin A. (2012).
4495:
4412:
4363:
4322:
4122:
4000:
3924:
3648:
3579:
3346:
3261:
3243:
3229:
3215:
3197:
3190:
3179:
3161:
3133:
3112:
3105:
2930:
2862:
2846:
2769:
2761:
2322:
2145:
1873:
1770:
1484:
1378:
1114:
1110:
1058:, while the posterior one-third of the tongue drains to the jugulo-omohyoid nodes.
1008:
930:
926:
922:
680:
659:
The terminal sulcus is a shallow groove that runs forward as a shallow groove in a
601:
600:(the portion just behind the tip). Sounds made with the tongue tip are said to be
439:
435:
301:
91:
87:
75:
2259:
2033:
961:
Motor supply for all intrinsic and extrinsic muscles of the tongue is supplied by
46:
4780:
4353:
4348:
4343:
4279:
4274:
4196:
4033:
4028:
4023:
3597:
3373:
3272:
3268:
3222:
3172:
3154:
3119:
3059:
2326:
1988:
1869:
1799:
1565:
1492:
1398:
1269:
1168:
1090:
982:
871:
699:
567:
419:
411:
309:
289:
221:
1296:
that different sections of the tongue are exclusively responsible for different
1066:
4759:
4727:
4691:
4681:
4539:
4390:
4226:
4090:
3995:
3967:
3929:
3854:
3764:
3712:
3569:
3183:
3168:
3087:
3080:
3023:
2393:
1818:
1805:
1740:
1644:
1605:
1525:
1427:
1402:
1374:
1257:
1247:
1172:
1098:
1086:
895:
870:
The transverse muscle divides the tongue at the middle, and is attached to the
847:
763:
684:
484:
399:
371:
344:
144:
103:
2555:(Third ed.). Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: Churchill Livingstone. pp.
2464:
1747:, and began to speak with other tongues ....", which amazed the crowd of
4769:
4619:
4098:
3789:
3779:
3094:
3001:. Philadelphia, Philadelphia: Holt-Saunders International. pp. 298–299.
2942:
2858:
2184:
1830:
1814:
1810:
1761:
1724:
1612:
1437:
970:
903:
796:
771:
676:
512:
496:
245:
140:
123:
3402:
2310:
2149:
814:
towards the midline, and elevates the back of the tongue during swallowing.
4447:
4395:
4103:
4058:
3774:
3358:
2876:
2783:
2424:
2334:
2157:
1964:
1781:
1756:
1667:
1590:
1549:
1510:
1464:
997:
767:
755:
688:
321:
82:
4570:
4515:
2950:
874:
that run along the sides. It functions to lengthen and narrow the tongue.
710:
On the undersurface of the tongue is a fold of mucous membrane called the
467:
4696:
4660:
4624:
4405:
4144:
3990:
3985:
3908:
3859:
3784:
3685:
3547:
3532:
3426:
2897:. Dr. Dog Animal Health Care Division of BioChemics. 2014. Archived from
2119:
1992:
1976:
1897:
1845:
Sticking one's tongue out at someone is considered a childish gesture of
1774:
1545:
1499:
1406:
1346:
1297:
1251:
1117:, and only the filiform papillae are not associated with any taste buds.
1082:
1040:
974:
934:
807:
668:
551:
535:
516:
480:
364:
332:
171:
4578:
1213:
799:
and draws the sides of the tongue up to create a trough for swallowing.
511:, roughly one-third of its length. These parts differ in terms of their
347:) that results in a groove, the median sulcus, on the tongue's surface.
4701:
4676:
4655:
4614:
4244:
3949:
3876:
3829:
3702:
3653:
3527:
3479:
3471:
3465:
2934:
2114:
1932: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1794:
1744:
1601:
1540:
region underneath the front of the tongue is an ideal location for the
1537:
1521:
1513:
1314:
1301:
1280:
938:
858:
854:
785:
759:
578:
571:
543:
527:
305:
62:
2774:
2144:(6647). American Association for the Advancement of Science: 786–791.
4650:
4593:
4583:
4338:
4176:
3801:
3680:
3517:
2008:
1752:
1736:
1682:
1678:
1651:
1576:
1460:
1456:
1366:
1094:
1027:(CN IX) via a mixture of special and general visceral afferent fibers
589:
585:
531:
403:
1907:
4686:
4588:
4482:
4464:
4452:
4290:
4068:
4063:
3944:
3809:
3729:
3564:
3497:
1854:
1846:
1766:
1716:
1699:
1690:
1663:
1659:
1619:
animals—amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals—have tongues (the
1616:
1517:
1410:
1350:
1329:
The tongue is one of the primary articulators in the production of
1180:
778:
379:
297:
2835:"Evolution of the structure and function of the vertebrate tongue"
2808:(11th ed.). St. Louis, Missouri: Elsevier/Saunders. pp.
1222:
270:
4722:
4645:
4073:
3744:
3690:
3636:
3626:
3512:
2012:
1961:
1636:
1624:
1354:
1318:
1197:
1007:
Sensation: lingual branch of the mandibular (V3) division of the
664:
616:
559:
523:
336:
2491:. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. p. 238. Archived from
300:. It manipulates food for chewing and swallowing as part of the
3977:
3759:
3734:
3675:
3668:
3663:
3658:
3602:
3522:
3208:
2000:
1980:
1785:
1686:
1608:
1330:
1265:
730:
The eight muscles of the human tongue are classified as either
508:
471:
The underside of a human tongue, showing its rich blood supply.
313:
286:
98:
750:
Lateral view of the tongue, with extrinsic muscles highlighted
4598:
4562:
4259:
3959:
3839:
3819:
3769:
3749:
3739:
3695:
3641:
3631:
3617:
3574:
3502:
3101:
2799:
2368:
Drake, Richard L.; Vogl, Wayne; Mitchell, Adam W. M. (2005).
2226:
2068:
2064:
1850:
1759:
but could now understand what was being preached. The phrase
1732:
1334:
1289:
1243:
891:
746:
692:
317:
293:
204:
179:
130:
2722:. The Oral Cancer Foundation. 28 August 2017. Archived from
1809:
is a phrase very difficult to pronounce. Aside from being a
1405:
of the mouth and can be used in intimate contact, as in the
1341:
by changing the tongue's height and retraction to alter the
4429:
4010:
3844:
3834:
3824:
3754:
3607:
3589:
3507:
3492:
3487:
3201:
2088:
1984:
1968:
1655:
1620:
1594:
1231:
Taste receptors are present on the human tongue in papillae
822:
644:. The foramen cecum is also the point of attachment of the
118:
3313:
2665:"The Claim: The tongue is mapped into four areas of taste"
2485:
Di Fiore's atlas of histology with functional correlations
2372:. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: Elsevier. pp. 989–995.
1129:
882:
3916:
3849:
3814:
3721:
3559:
3554:
3537:
2084:
1996:
1748:
1632:
1628:
937:
nerve. The lingual artery is a good place to stop severe
624:
4531:
1635:, the tongue is often used to clean the fur and body by
1448:
to the floor of the mouth by a very short and thickened
604:, while those made with the tongue blade are said to be
2580:
Tortora, Gerard J.; Derrickson, Bryan H. (2008). "17".
1983:. Pig and beef tongue are consumed in Chinese cuisine.
1373:
like and are articulated with the tongue against the
1300:. Although widely taught in schools in the form of the
1167:
In the fourth week, a swelling appears from the second
1999:"tongue" is a relatively common part of fish meals in
4743:
2629:
1272:
of the gustatory hairs, which are the sites of taste
1853:
it is considered a greeting. In 2009, a farmer from
949:
Innervation of the tongue consists of motor fibers,
826:
Coronal section of tongue, showing intrinsic muscles
2997:Romer, Alfred Sherwood; Parsons, Thomas S. (1977).
2235:. Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey, US: Prentice Hall.
1611:. Most amphibians show a proper tongue after their
1137:The tongue begins to develop in the fourth week of
3422:University of Manitoba, Anatomy of the Vocal Tract
2548:
2288:. Vol. 6. Macmillan Publishing Company, Inc.
2228:
1385:, where the tip of the tongue is curved backward.
2965:
2579:
2367:
1452:and this affects speech, eating, and swallowing.
4767:
4191:
4186:
4181:
2609:(5th ed.). Benjamin Cummings. p. 352.
1975:being Spanish for tongue) is a taco filled with
1884:Protruding tongues appear in the art of several
1833:, and a smooth-talking person is said to have a
1502:that mainly affect the tongue. Mostly these are
1189:
1161:
985:1 and pharyngeal arches 3 and 4, respectively).
698:Both parts of the tongue develop from different
620:Foramen cecum and terminal sulcus labelled above
577:The average length of the human tongue from the
3314:United Press International (19 December 2009).
2922:Pflügers Archiv: European Journal of Physiology
2918:
2481:
989:Anterior two-thirds of tongue (anterior to the
679:(a branch of the mandibular branch (V3) of the
331:The human tongue is divided into two parts, an
27:Muscular organ in the mouth of most vertebrates
3336:
2971:
2745:Lam, L.; Logan, R. M.; Luke, C. (March 2006).
2410:
1077:The upper surface of the tongue is covered in
4547:
4306:
3892:
3442:
3378:. Fine Arts Gallery of San Diego. p. 115
2795:
2793:
2398:Whonamedit? - A dictionary of medical eponyms
1524:(halitosis), which can be managed by using a
1349:. These resonant properties amplify specific
671:part. The pharyngeal part is supplied by the
3371:
2996:
2744:
2662:
2015:cow tongue is cooked and served in vinegar (
1317:on the tongue's upper, or dorsal surface is
1160:. The line of their fusion is marked by the
1035:Taste and sensation: internal branch of the
925:is formed by the intermediate tendon of the
2482:Fiore, Mariano; Eroschenko, Victor (2000).
2363:
2361:
2359:
2357:
2355:
2353:
2351:
4554:
4540:
4313:
4299:
3899:
3885:
3456:
3449:
3435:
2790:
2604:
2462:
1544:of certain medications into the body. The
1192:, which is the point of attachment of the
1087:keratinized stratified squamous epithelium
1070:Section through the human tongue; stained
683:) for somatosensory perception and by the
45:
3028:. P. Blackiston's Son & Co. pp.
2866:
2773:
2695:(4th ed.). Oxford University Press.
2638:(2nd ed.). New York: Worth. p.
2542:
2540:
2538:
1948:Learn how and when to remove this message
921:An area in the neck sometimes called the
570:. It also forms the anterior wall of the
3906:
3316:"Sticking out your tongue ruled illegal"
3021:
2690:
2607:Human Physiology: An integrated approach
2348:
1583:
1575:
1416:
1128:
1065:
881:
821:
745:
648:and is formed during the descent of the
623:
615:
466:
3330:
3287:
2972:Richards, O. W.; Davies, R. G. (1977).
2832:
2463:Bernays, Elizabeth; Chapman, Reginald.
2131:
1879:
1673:Other animals may have organs that are
1564:to a patient suffering chest pain from
14:
4768:
2663:O'Connor, Anahad (November 10, 2008).
2605:Silverhorn, Dee Unglaub (2009). "10".
2546:
2535:
2283:
2183:This article incorporates text in the
1705:
1531:
564:superior pharyngeal constrictor muscle
4535:
4294:
3880:
3430:
3400:
2656:
2584:(12th ed.). Wiley. p. 602.
2513:Histología de Di Fiore: texto y atlas
2437:
2308:
2254:
2252:
2134:"How the tongue shaped life on Earth"
1755:, who were from various parts of the
1600:The muscles of the tongue evolved in
1588:Extended proboscis of a long tongued
1049:
912:tonsillar branch of the facial artery
675:and the oral part is supplied by the
4320:
3372:Teilhet-Fisk, Jehanne, ed. (1973) .
2582:Principles of Anatomy and Physiology
1930:adding citations to reliable sources
1901:
1857:, Italy, was convicted and fined by
1825:is a common phrase used to describe
1710:
996:Taste: chorda tympani branch of the
969:(CN XII), with the exception of the
592:, a distinction is made between the
479:that forms part of the floor of the
312:. It is sensitive and kept moist by
3307:
3288:Dresser, Norine (8 November 1997).
2738:
2517:. Buenos Aires: El Ateneo. p.
2508:
2286:MacMillan's Encyclopedia of Science
2132:Pennisi, Elizabeth (May 26, 2023).
1780:A common temporary failure in word
24:
4491:Posterior limb of internal capsule
3025:Comparative anatomy of vertebrates
2990:
2804:Carranza's Clinical Periodontology
2766:10.1111/j.1834-7819.2006.tb00395.x
2249:
2125:
1987:tongues are sometimes employed in
1101:. The lingual papillae consist of
861:, from the median fibrous septum.
802:The palatoglossus arises from the
454:as late as the sixteenth century.
25:
4817:
3415:
1627:lack tongue). In mammals such as
1361:and is produced with the tongue
1279:The tongue is equipped with many
1264:. Once a tastant is dissolved in
791:The styloglossus arises from the
777:The genioglossus arises from the
4753:
3401:Hawes, Charles Boardman (1924).
3351:10.1111/j.1600-9657.2005.00395.x
3022:Kingsley, John Sterling (1912).
2851:10.1046/j.1469-7580.2002.00073.x
2833:Iwasaki, Shin-ichi (July 2002).
2177:
2076:
2056:
2044:
2032:
1906:
1571:
1221:
1212:
1089:. Embedded in this are numerous
784:The hyoglossus, arises from the
611:
507:part is the part closest to the
4255:Plica semilunaris of the fauces
3394:
3365:
3281:
3046:
3015:
2912:
2883:
2826:
2712:
2684:
2623:
2598:
2573:
2502:
2475:
2456:
2440:Board Review Series: Embryology
1917:needs additional citations for
1455:The tongue is prone to several
1268:, it can make contact with the
1061:
1020:Posterior one third of tongue:
944:
877:
705:
2431:
2404:
2386:
2302:
2277:
2220:
2203:
1307:
1124:
929:, the posterior border of the
628:Features of the tongue surface
13:
1:
4473:Ventral posteromedial nucleus
3290:"On Sticking Out Your Tongue"
2172:
1727:of the Bible, in the Book of
1171:, in the midline, called the
1141:from a median swelling – the
973:, which is innervated by the
550:of mucous membrane, with the
2691:Atkinson, Martin E. (2013).
2438:Dudek, Dr Ronald W. (2014).
2327:10.1097/MLG.0b013e318068b566
2216:University of North Carolina
1401:. The tongue is part of the
1152:In the fifth week a pair of
836:inferior longitudinal muscle
832:superior longitudinal muscle
817:
741:
462:
457:
354:
316:and is richly supplied with
7:
4443:Medial parabrachial nucleus
2693:Anatomy for Dental Students
2547:Larsen, William J. (2001).
2370:Gray's anatomy for students
2264:Online Etymology Dictionary
2191:of the 20th edition of
2096:
1864:
1840:
1498:There are several types of
1393:The tongue plays a role in
1388:
1203:
963:efferent motor nerve fibers
916:ascending pharyngeal artery
10:
4822:
3940:Labial commissure of mouth
2100:
2025:
1895:
1891:
1735:' disciples on the Day of
1715:The tongue can serve as a
1425:
1421:
1241:
1145:(tuberculum impar) of the
1093:, some of which house the
894:supply primarily from the
886:Blood supply of the tongue
725:
29:
4710:
4669:
4638:
4607:
4569:
4561:
4521:Special visceral afferent
4508:
4481:
4463:
4428:
4381:
4374:
4329:
4237:
4164:
4143:
4089:
4009:
3976:
3958:
3915:
3800:
3720:
3711:
3616:
3588:
3478:
3464:
2754:Australian Dental Journal
2309:Nashi, Nadia (Aug 2007).
1615:. As a consequence, most
1473:median rhomboid glossitis
1436:of the tongue is that of
1324:
1256:Chemicals that stimulate
1154:lateral lingual swellings
1056:submandibular lymph nodes
1013:general visceral afferent
1002:special visceral afferent
513:embryological development
263:
251:
239:
227:
215:
203:
198:
178:
129:
117:
97:
81:
61:
56:
44:
39:
2311:"Lingual fat at autopsy"
2231:Human Biology and Health
1504:squamous cell carcinomas
1237:
1039:(itself a branch of the
1037:superior laryngeal nerve
890:The tongue receives its
718:that the major salivary
335:part at the front and a
72:lateral lingual swelling
18:Lateral lingual swelling
4438:Central tegmental tract
4135:Tubarial salivary gland
2469:Encyclopædia Britannica
2442:(Sixth ed.). LWW.
2150:10.1126/science.adi8563
1554:route of administration
1177:hypopharyngeal eminence
900:external carotid artery
32:Tongue (disambiguation)
4222:Glossoepiglottic folds
3458:Human regional anatomy
2284:Kerrod, Robin (1997).
2103:anatomical terminology
1788:is referred to as the
1677:to tongues, such as a
1597:
1581:
1481:oral hairy leukoplakia
1477:burning mouth syndrome
1134:
1074:
1025:glossopharyngeal nerve
957:fibers for sensation.
953:fibers for taste, and
887:
827:
751:
673:glossopharyngeal nerve
629:
621:
596:of the tongue and the
548:glossoepiglottic folds
489:anterior and posterior
472:
265:Anatomical terminology
4270:Palatopharyngeal arch
4044:Mucogingival junction
4039:Junctional epithelium
3935:Frenulum of lower lip
2400:. Ole Daniel Enersen.
2017:lengua a la vinagreta
1859:Italy's highest court
1587:
1579:
1417:Clinical significance
1147:first pharyngeal arch
1139:embryonic development
1132:
1069:
1023:Taste and sensation:
908:internal jugular vein
885:
825:
762:(often including the
749:
667:part and an anterior
654:embryonic development
627:
619:
556:glossopalatine arches
497:embryonic development
470:
149:Posterior one-third:
139:Anterior two-thirds:
4079:Periodontal ligament
2976:. Berlin: Springer.
2394:"Pirogov's triangle"
1926:improve this article
1880:Representational art
1729:Acts of the Apostles
1693:, but these are not
1383:retroflex consonants
1359:lowered and centered
1351:harmonic frequencies
1294:common misconception
1196:where the embryonic
1158:prenatal development
806:, and depresses the
804:palatine aponeurosis
720:submandibular glands
716:sublingual caruncles
650:thyroid diverticulum
493:thyroid diverticulum
164:palatoglossus muscle
112:ascending pharyngeal
30:For other uses, see
4801:Human mouth anatomy
4217:Sublingual caruncle
4111:Submandibular gland
4049:Sulcular epithelium
4019:Interdental papilla
2999:The Vertebrate Body
2720:"Oral Cancer Facts"
2465:"taste bud anatomy"
2051:Spots on the tongue
1886:Polynesian cultures
1823:Speaking in tongues
1739:received a type of
1723:. For example, the
1706:Society and culture
1558:Intravenous therapy
1532:Medication delivery
1434:congenital disorder
1371:alveolar consonants
1260:cells are known as
1200:begins to descend.
540:hyoglossal membrane
370:, which comes from
308:housed in numerous
4265:Palatoglossal arch
2935:10.1007/BF00583652
2839:Journal of Anatomy
2670:The New York Times
2509:Hib, José (2001).
2413:Folia Morphologica
2214:—Embryo Images at
2101:This article uses
1598:
1582:
1489:black hairy tongue
1363:raised and fronted
1345:properties of the
1135:
1079:masticatory mucosa
1075:
1050:Lymphatic drainage
898:, a branch of the
888:
828:
812:palatoglossal fold
752:
630:
622:
477:muscular hydrostat
473:
384:Germanic languages
328:in other animals.
4741:
4740:
4529:
4528:
4504:
4503:
4418:Gustatory nucleus
4359:Fungiform papilla
4288:
4287:
3874:
3873:
3870:
3869:
3294:Los Angeles Times
2819:978-1-4377-0416-7
2379:978-0-8089-2306-0
2110:Electronic tongue
1958:
1957:
1950:
1811:medical condition
1797:. The expression
1791:tip-of-the-tongue
1711:Figures of speech
1469:geographic tongue
1395:physical intimacy
1194:thyroglossal duct
1143:median tongue bud
967:hypoglossal nerve
941:from the tongue.
844:transverse muscle
700:pharyngeal arches
687:(a branch of the
646:thyroglossal duct
363:derives from the
302:digestive process
279:
278:
274:
168:pharyngeal plexus
68:Pharyngeal arches
16:(Redirected from
4813:
4796:Digestive system
4791:Gustatory system
4758:
4757:
4749:
4556:
4549:
4542:
4533:
4532:
4496:Gustatory cortex
4413:Solitary nucleus
4379:
4378:
4364:Filiform papilla
4315:
4308:
4301:
4292:
4291:
4123:Sublingual gland
4001:Incisive papilla
3925:Vermilion border
3901:
3894:
3887:
3878:
3877:
3718:
3717:
3649:Vertebral column
3451:
3444:
3437:
3428:
3427:
3409:
3408:
3398:
3392:
3391:
3385:
3383:
3369:
3363:
3362:
3334:
3328:
3327:
3325:
3323:
3311:
3305:
3304:
3302:
3300:
3285:
3279:
3050:
3044:
3043:
3019:
3013:
3012:
2994:
2988:
2987:
2969:
2963:
2962:
2916:
2910:
2909:
2907:
2906:
2891:"A Dog's Tongue"
2887:
2881:
2880:
2870:
2830:
2824:
2823:
2807:
2797:
2788:
2787:
2777:
2751:
2742:
2736:
2735:
2733:
2731:
2716:
2710:
2709:
2688:
2682:
2681:
2679:
2677:
2660:
2654:
2653:
2637:
2627:
2621:
2620:
2602:
2596:
2595:
2577:
2571:
2570:
2554:
2551:Human embryology
2544:
2533:
2532:
2516:
2506:
2500:
2499:
2498:on 21 June 2017.
2497:
2490:
2479:
2473:
2472:
2460:
2454:
2453:
2435:
2429:
2428:
2408:
2402:
2401:
2390:
2384:
2383:
2365:
2346:
2345:
2343:
2341:
2321:(8): 1467–1473.
2306:
2300:
2299:
2281:
2275:
2274:
2272:
2270:
2256:
2247:
2246:
2234:
2224:
2218:
2207:
2181:
2180:
2168:
2166:
2164:
2080:
2060:
2048:
2036:
1953:
1946:
1942:
1939:
1933:
1910:
1902:
1771:English language
1580:Giraffe's tongue
1514:epithelial cells
1485:oral candidiasis
1444:. The tongue is
1379:velar consonants
1225:
1216:
1115:foliate papillae
1009:trigeminal nerve
991:vallate papillae
931:mylohyoid muscle
927:digastric muscle
923:Pirogov triangle
872:mucous membranes
693:taste perception
681:trigeminal nerve
538:muscles and the
475:The tongue is a
310:lingual papillae
271:edit on Wikidata
268:
166:supplied by the
151:Glossopharyngeal
143:(sensation) and
108:tonsillar branch
92:gustatory system
88:Alimentary tract
76:tuberculum impar
51:The human tongue
49:
37:
36:
21:
4821:
4820:
4816:
4815:
4814:
4812:
4811:
4810:
4766:
4765:
4764:
4752:
4744:
4742:
4737:
4706:
4665:
4634:
4603:
4565:
4560:
4530:
4525:
4500:
4477:
4459:
4424:
4370:
4354:Foliate papilla
4349:Vallate papilla
4344:Lingual papilla
4325:
4319:
4289:
4284:
4280:Palatine tonsil
4275:Tonsillar fossa
4233:
4212:Fimbriated fold
4197:Lingual tonsils
4187:Terminal sulcus
4160:
4139:
4085:
4034:Gingival fibers
4029:Gingival margin
4024:Gingival sulcus
4005:
3972:
3954:
3911:
3907:Anatomy of the
3905:
3875:
3866:
3796:
3707:
3612:
3584:
3474:
3460:
3455:
3418:
3413:
3412:
3399:
3395:
3381:
3379:
3370:
3366:
3335:
3331:
3321:
3319:
3312:
3308:
3298:
3296:
3286:
3282:
3051:
3047:
3040:
3020:
3016:
3009:
2995:
2991:
2984:
2970:
2966:
2917:
2913:
2904:
2902:
2889:
2888:
2884:
2831:
2827:
2820:
2798:
2791:
2749:
2743:
2739:
2729:
2727:
2726:on 22 June 2013
2718:
2717:
2713:
2703:
2689:
2685:
2675:
2673:
2661:
2657:
2650:
2628:
2624:
2617:
2603:
2599:
2592:
2578:
2574:
2567:
2545:
2536:
2529:
2507:
2503:
2495:
2488:
2480:
2476:
2461:
2457:
2450:
2436:
2432:
2409:
2405:
2392:
2391:
2387:
2380:
2366:
2349:
2339:
2337:
2307:
2303:
2296:
2282:
2278:
2268:
2266:
2258:
2257:
2250:
2243:
2225:
2221:
2208:
2204:
2178:
2175:
2162:
2160:
2128:
2126:Further reading
2106:
2099:
2092:
2081:
2072:
2071:with its tongue
2061:
2052:
2049:
2040:
2037:
2028:
1954:
1943:
1937:
1934:
1923:
1911:
1900:
1894:
1882:
1870:Tongue piercing
1867:
1843:
1800:tongue in cheek
1713:
1708:
1574:
1566:angina pectoris
1534:
1493:fissured tongue
1430:
1424:
1419:
1391:
1327:
1310:
1270:plasma membrane
1254:
1242:Main articles:
1240:
1235:
1234:
1233:
1232:
1228:
1227:
1226:
1218:
1217:
1206:
1169:pharyngeal arch
1127:
1099:taste receptors
1064:
1052:
1032:Base of tongue
983:pharyngeal arch
955:general sensory
951:special sensory
947:
906:drain into the
880:
840:vertical muscle
820:
793:styloid process
744:
728:
708:
642:terminal sulcus
614:
568:mucous membrane
558:, and with the
499:. The anterior
465:
460:
357:
275:
158:
154:
148:
138:
52:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4819:
4809:
4808:
4803:
4798:
4793:
4788:
4786:Sensory organs
4783:
4778:
4763:
4762:
4739:
4738:
4736:
4735:
4730:
4725:
4720:
4714:
4712:
4708:
4707:
4705:
4704:
4699:
4694:
4692:Scoville scale
4689:
4684:
4682:Acquired taste
4679:
4673:
4671:
4667:
4666:
4664:
4663:
4658:
4653:
4648:
4642:
4640:
4636:
4635:
4633:
4632:
4627:
4622:
4617:
4611:
4609:
4605:
4604:
4602:
4601:
4596:
4591:
4586:
4581:
4575:
4573:
4567:
4566:
4559:
4558:
4551:
4544:
4536:
4527:
4526:
4524:
4523:
4518:
4512:
4510:
4506:
4505:
4502:
4501:
4499:
4498:
4493:
4487:
4485:
4479:
4478:
4476:
4475:
4469:
4467:
4461:
4460:
4458:
4457:
4456:
4455:
4450:
4440:
4434:
4432:
4426:
4425:
4423:
4422:
4421:
4420:
4410:
4409:
4408:
4403:
4398:
4391:Solitary tract
4387:
4385:
4376:
4372:
4371:
4369:
4368:
4367:
4366:
4361:
4356:
4351:
4341:
4335:
4333:
4327:
4326:
4318:
4317:
4310:
4303:
4295:
4286:
4285:
4283:
4282:
4277:
4272:
4267:
4262:
4257:
4252:
4247:
4241:
4239:
4235:
4234:
4232:
4231:
4230:
4229:
4227:Lingual septum
4224:
4219:
4214:
4209:
4201:
4200:
4199:
4194:
4189:
4184:
4179:
4170:
4168:
4162:
4161:
4159:
4158:
4149:
4147:
4141:
4140:
4138:
4137:
4132:
4131:
4130:
4120:
4119:
4118:
4108:
4107:
4106:
4095:
4093:
4087:
4086:
4084:
4083:
4082:
4081:
4076:
4071:
4066:
4056:
4051:
4046:
4041:
4036:
4031:
4026:
4021:
4015:
4013:
4007:
4006:
4004:
4003:
3998:
3996:Palatine raphe
3993:
3988:
3982:
3980:
3974:
3973:
3971:
3970:
3968:Buccal fat pad
3964:
3962:
3956:
3955:
3953:
3952:
3947:
3942:
3937:
3932:
3927:
3921:
3919:
3913:
3912:
3904:
3903:
3896:
3889:
3881:
3872:
3871:
3868:
3867:
3865:
3864:
3863:
3862:
3857:
3852:
3847:
3842:
3832:
3827:
3822:
3817:
3812:
3806:
3804:
3798:
3797:
3795:
3794:
3793:
3792:
3787:
3782:
3777:
3772:
3767:
3762:
3752:
3747:
3742:
3737:
3732:
3726:
3724:
3715:
3709:
3708:
3706:
3705:
3700:
3699:
3698:
3693:
3688:
3678:
3673:
3672:
3671:
3666:
3656:
3651:
3646:
3645:
3644:
3639:
3634:
3623:
3621:
3614:
3613:
3611:
3610:
3605:
3600:
3594:
3592:
3586:
3585:
3583:
3582:
3577:
3572:
3567:
3562:
3557:
3552:
3551:
3550:
3545:
3540:
3535:
3530:
3525:
3520:
3515:
3510:
3505:
3500:
3490:
3484:
3482:
3476:
3475:
3470:
3468:
3462:
3461:
3454:
3453:
3446:
3439:
3431:
3425:
3424:
3417:
3416:External links
3414:
3411:
3410:
3393:
3364:
3339:Dent Traumatol
3329:
3306:
3280:
3184:Serbo-Croatian
3045:
3038:
3014:
3007:
2989:
2982:
2964:
2911:
2882:
2825:
2818:
2789:
2737:
2711:
2702:978-0199234462
2701:
2683:
2655:
2648:
2622:
2616:978-0321559807
2615:
2597:
2591:978-0470084717
2590:
2572:
2565:
2534:
2527:
2501:
2474:
2455:
2449:978-1451190380
2448:
2430:
2403:
2385:
2378:
2347:
2301:
2294:
2276:
2248:
2241:
2219:
2201:
2200:
2194:Gray's Anatomy
2174:
2171:
2170:
2169:
2127:
2124:
2123:
2122:
2117:
2112:
2098:
2095:
2094:
2093:
2082:
2075:
2073:
2062:
2055:
2053:
2050:
2043:
2041:
2038:
2031:
2027:
2024:
1991:dishes, while
1969:Taco de lengua
1956:
1955:
1914:
1912:
1905:
1893:
1890:
1881:
1878:
1866:
1863:
1842:
1839:
1819:spiritual gift
1806:tongue twister
1769:", as did the
1741:spiritual gift
1712:
1709:
1707:
1704:
1645:lick granuloma
1641:skin condition
1573:
1570:
1542:administration
1533:
1530:
1526:tongue cleaner
1440:also known as
1428:Tongue disease
1426:Main article:
1423:
1420:
1418:
1415:
1403:erogenous zone
1390:
1387:
1375:alveolar ridge
1326:
1323:
1309:
1306:
1258:taste receptor
1248:Taste receptor
1239:
1236:
1230:
1229:
1220:
1219:
1211:
1210:
1209:
1208:
1207:
1205:
1202:
1126:
1123:
1085:, which is of
1063:
1060:
1051:
1048:
1047:
1046:
1045:
1044:
1030:
1029:
1028:
1018:
1017:
1016:
1005:
979:
978:
946:
943:
896:lingual artery
879:
876:
848:tongue rolling
819:
816:
764:chondroglossus
743:
740:
727:
724:
707:
704:
685:chorda tympani
613:
610:
485:lingual septum
464:
461:
459:
456:
372:Proto-Germanic
356:
353:
345:lingual septum
341:fibrous tissue
277:
276:
267:
261:
260:
255:
249:
248:
243:
237:
236:
231:
225:
224:
219:
213:
212:
207:
201:
200:
196:
195:
182:
176:
175:
162:(XII), except
145:chorda tympani
133:
127:
126:
121:
115:
114:
101:
95:
94:
85:
79:
78:
65:
59:
58:
54:
53:
50:
42:
41:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4818:
4807:
4806:Speech organs
4804:
4802:
4799:
4797:
4794:
4792:
4789:
4787:
4784:
4782:
4779:
4777:
4774:
4773:
4771:
4761:
4756:
4751:
4750:
4747:
4734:
4731:
4729:
4726:
4724:
4721:
4719:
4716:
4715:
4713:
4709:
4703:
4700:
4698:
4695:
4693:
4690:
4688:
4685:
4683:
4680:
4678:
4675:
4674:
4672:
4668:
4662:
4659:
4657:
4654:
4652:
4649:
4647:
4644:
4643:
4641:
4637:
4631:
4628:
4626:
4623:
4621:
4618:
4616:
4613:
4612:
4610:
4606:
4600:
4597:
4595:
4592:
4590:
4587:
4585:
4582:
4580:
4577:
4576:
4574:
4572:
4568:
4564:
4557:
4552:
4550:
4545:
4543:
4538:
4537:
4534:
4522:
4519:
4517:
4514:
4513:
4511:
4507:
4497:
4494:
4492:
4489:
4488:
4486:
4484:
4480:
4474:
4471:
4470:
4468:
4466:
4462:
4454:
4451:
4449:
4446:
4445:
4444:
4441:
4439:
4436:
4435:
4433:
4431:
4427:
4419:
4416:
4415:
4414:
4411:
4407:
4404:
4402:
4399:
4397:
4394:
4393:
4392:
4389:
4388:
4386:
4384:
4380:
4377:
4373:
4365:
4362:
4360:
4357:
4355:
4352:
4350:
4347:
4346:
4345:
4342:
4340:
4337:
4336:
4334:
4332:
4328:
4324:
4316:
4311:
4309:
4304:
4302:
4297:
4296:
4293:
4281:
4278:
4276:
4273:
4271:
4268:
4266:
4263:
4261:
4258:
4256:
4253:
4251:
4248:
4246:
4243:
4242:
4240:
4238:Back of mouth
4236:
4228:
4225:
4223:
4220:
4218:
4215:
4213:
4210:
4208:
4205:
4204:
4202:
4198:
4195:
4193:
4192:Foramen cecum
4190:
4188:
4185:
4183:
4182:Median sulcus
4180:
4178:
4175:
4174:
4172:
4171:
4169:
4167:
4163:
4157:
4156:
4155:tooth anatomy
4151:
4150:
4148:
4146:
4142:
4136:
4133:
4129:
4126:
4125:
4124:
4121:
4117:
4114:
4113:
4112:
4109:
4105:
4102:
4101:
4100:
4099:Parotid gland
4097:
4096:
4094:
4092:
4088:
4080:
4077:
4075:
4072:
4070:
4067:
4065:
4062:
4061:
4060:
4057:
4055:
4052:
4050:
4047:
4045:
4042:
4040:
4037:
4035:
4032:
4030:
4027:
4025:
4022:
4020:
4017:
4016:
4014:
4012:
4008:
4002:
3999:
3997:
3994:
3992:
3989:
3987:
3984:
3983:
3981:
3979:
3975:
3969:
3966:
3965:
3963:
3961:
3957:
3951:
3948:
3946:
3943:
3941:
3938:
3936:
3933:
3931:
3928:
3926:
3923:
3922:
3920:
3918:
3914:
3910:
3902:
3897:
3895:
3890:
3888:
3883:
3882:
3879:
3861:
3858:
3856:
3853:
3851:
3848:
3846:
3843:
3841:
3838:
3837:
3836:
3833:
3831:
3828:
3826:
3823:
3821:
3818:
3816:
3813:
3811:
3808:
3807:
3805:
3803:
3799:
3791:
3788:
3786:
3783:
3781:
3778:
3776:
3773:
3771:
3768:
3766:
3763:
3761:
3758:
3757:
3756:
3753:
3751:
3748:
3746:
3743:
3741:
3738:
3736:
3733:
3731:
3728:
3727:
3725:
3723:
3719:
3716:
3714:
3710:
3704:
3701:
3697:
3694:
3692:
3689:
3687:
3684:
3683:
3682:
3679:
3677:
3674:
3670:
3667:
3665:
3662:
3661:
3660:
3657:
3655:
3652:
3650:
3647:
3643:
3640:
3638:
3635:
3633:
3630:
3629:
3628:
3625:
3624:
3622:
3619:
3615:
3609:
3606:
3604:
3601:
3599:
3596:
3595:
3593:
3591:
3587:
3581:
3578:
3576:
3573:
3571:
3568:
3566:
3563:
3561:
3558:
3556:
3553:
3549:
3546:
3544:
3541:
3539:
3536:
3534:
3531:
3529:
3526:
3524:
3521:
3519:
3516:
3514:
3511:
3509:
3506:
3504:
3501:
3499:
3496:
3495:
3494:
3491:
3489:
3486:
3485:
3483:
3481:
3477:
3473:
3469:
3467:
3463:
3459:
3452:
3447:
3445:
3440:
3438:
3433:
3432:
3429:
3423:
3420:
3419:
3406:
3405:
3397:
3390:
3377:
3376:
3368:
3360:
3356:
3352:
3348:
3344:
3340:
3333:
3318:. Rome, Italy
3317:
3310:
3295:
3291:
3284:
3277:
3274:
3270:
3266:
3263:
3259:
3255:
3252:
3248:
3245:
3241:
3238:
3234:
3231:
3227:
3224:
3221:(ܠܫܢܐ/לשנא);
3220:
3217:
3213:
3210:
3206:
3203:
3199:
3195:
3192:
3188:
3185:
3181:
3177:
3174:
3170:
3166:
3163:
3159:
3156:
3152:
3149:
3145:
3142:
3138:
3135:
3131:
3128:
3124:
3121:
3117:
3114:
3110:
3107:
3103:
3099:
3096:
3092:
3089:
3085:
3082:
3078:
3075:
3071:
3068:
3064:
3061:
3057:
3054:
3049:
3041:
3039:1-112-23645-7
3035:
3031:
3027:
3026:
3018:
3010:
3008:0-03-910284-X
3004:
3000:
2993:
2985:
2983:0-412-61390-5
2979:
2975:
2968:
2960:
2956:
2952:
2948:
2944:
2940:
2936:
2932:
2928:
2924:
2923:
2915:
2901:on 2010-09-20
2900:
2896:
2892:
2886:
2878:
2874:
2869:
2864:
2860:
2856:
2852:
2848:
2844:
2840:
2836:
2829:
2821:
2815:
2811:
2806:
2805:
2796:
2794:
2785:
2781:
2776:
2771:
2767:
2763:
2759:
2755:
2748:
2741:
2725:
2721:
2715:
2708:
2704:
2698:
2694:
2687:
2672:
2671:
2666:
2659:
2651:
2649:9780716752158
2645:
2641:
2636:
2635:
2626:
2618:
2612:
2608:
2601:
2593:
2587:
2583:
2576:
2568:
2566:0-443-06583-7
2562:
2558:
2553:
2552:
2543:
2541:
2539:
2530:
2528:950-02-0386-3
2524:
2520:
2515:
2514:
2505:
2494:
2487:
2486:
2478:
2470:
2466:
2459:
2451:
2445:
2441:
2434:
2426:
2422:
2418:
2414:
2407:
2399:
2395:
2389:
2381:
2375:
2371:
2364:
2362:
2360:
2358:
2356:
2354:
2352:
2336:
2332:
2328:
2324:
2320:
2316:
2312:
2305:
2297:
2295:0-02-864558-8
2291:
2287:
2280:
2265:
2261:
2255:
2253:
2244:
2242:0-13-981176-1
2238:
2233:
2232:
2223:
2217:
2213:
2212:
2206:
2202:
2199:
2198:
2195:
2192:
2190:
2186:
2185:public domain
2159:
2155:
2151:
2147:
2143:
2139:
2135:
2130:
2129:
2121:
2118:
2116:
2113:
2111:
2108:
2107:
2104:
2090:
2087:'s tongue is
2086:
2079:
2074:
2070:
2067:cleaning its
2066:
2059:
2054:
2047:
2042:
2035:
2030:
2029:
2023:
2020:
2018:
2014:
2010:
2006:
2002:
1998:
1994:
1990:
1986:
1982:
1978:
1974:
1970:
1966:
1965:delicatessens
1963:
1952:
1949:
1941:
1931:
1927:
1921:
1920:
1915:This section
1913:
1909:
1904:
1903:
1899:
1889:
1887:
1877:
1875:
1871:
1862:
1860:
1856:
1852:
1848:
1838:
1836:
1835:silver tongue
1832:
1831:forked tongue
1828:
1824:
1820:
1816:
1815:Freudian slip
1812:
1808:
1807:
1802:
1801:
1796:
1793:
1792:
1787:
1783:
1778:
1776:
1772:
1768:
1764:
1763:
1762:mother tongue
1758:
1754:
1750:
1746:
1742:
1738:
1734:
1730:
1726:
1725:New Testament
1722:
1718:
1703:
1701:
1696:
1692:
1688:
1684:
1680:
1676:
1671:
1669:
1665:
1661:
1657:
1653:
1648:
1646:
1642:
1638:
1634:
1630:
1626:
1622:
1618:
1614:
1613:metamorphosis
1610:
1607:
1603:
1596:
1593:
1592:
1586:
1578:
1572:Other animals
1569:
1567:
1563:
1562:nitroglycerin
1559:
1555:
1551:
1547:
1543:
1539:
1529:
1527:
1523:
1519:
1515:
1512:
1509:Food debris,
1507:
1505:
1501:
1496:
1494:
1490:
1486:
1482:
1478:
1474:
1470:
1466:
1465:inflammations
1462:
1458:
1453:
1451:
1447:
1443:
1439:
1438:ankyloglossia
1435:
1429:
1414:
1412:
1408:
1404:
1400:
1396:
1386:
1384:
1380:
1376:
1372:
1368:
1364:
1360:
1356:
1352:
1348:
1344:
1340:
1336:
1332:
1322:
1320:
1316:
1305:
1303:
1299:
1295:
1291:
1286:
1282:
1277:
1275:
1271:
1267:
1263:
1259:
1253:
1249:
1245:
1224:
1215:
1201:
1199:
1195:
1191:
1190:foramen cecum
1187:
1182:
1178:
1174:
1170:
1165:
1163:
1162:median sulcus
1159:
1155:
1150:
1148:
1144:
1140:
1131:
1122:
1118:
1116:
1112:
1108:
1104:
1100:
1096:
1092:
1088:
1084:
1080:
1073:
1068:
1059:
1057:
1042:
1038:
1034:
1033:
1031:
1026:
1022:
1021:
1019:
1014:
1010:
1006:
1003:
1000:(CN VII) via
999:
995:
994:
992:
988:
987:
986:
984:
976:
972:
971:palatoglossus
968:
964:
960:
959:
958:
956:
952:
942:
940:
936:
932:
928:
924:
919:
917:
913:
909:
905:
904:lingual veins
901:
897:
893:
884:
875:
873:
868:
865:
862:
860:
856:
851:
849:
845:
841:
837:
833:
824:
815:
813:
809:
805:
800:
798:
797:temporal bone
794:
789:
787:
782:
780:
775:
773:
772:palatoglossus
769:
765:
761:
757:
748:
739:
737:
733:
723:
721:
717:
713:
703:
701:
696:
694:
690:
686:
682:
678:
677:lingual nerve
674:
670:
666:
662:
657:
655:
651:
647:
643:
639:
638:foramen cecum
635:
634:median sulcus
626:
618:
612:Upper surface
609:
607:
603:
599:
595:
591:
587:
582:
580:
575:
573:
569:
565:
561:
557:
553:
549:
545:
541:
537:
533:
529:
525:
520:
518:
514:
510:
506:
502:
498:
494:
490:
486:
482:
478:
469:
455:
453:
449:
445:
441:
437:
433:
429:
425:
421:
417:
413:
409:
405:
401:
397:
393:
389:
386:—for example
385:
381:
377:
373:
369:
366:
362:
352:
348:
346:
342:
338:
334:
329:
327:
323:
322:blood vessels
319:
315:
311:
307:
303:
299:
296:of a typical
295:
291:
288:
284:
272:
266:
262:
259:
256:
254:
250:
247:
244:
242:
238:
235:
232:
230:
226:
223:
220:
218:
214:
211:
208:
206:
202:
197:
194:
190:
189:submandibular
186:
185:Deep cervical
183:
181:
177:
173:
169:
165:
161:
157:
152:
146:
142:
137:
134:
132:
128:
125:
122:
120:
116:
113:
109:
105:
102:
100:
96:
93:
89:
86:
84:
80:
77:
73:
69:
66:
64:
60:
55:
48:
43:
38:
33:
19:
4629:
4571:Basic tastes
4516:Basic tastes
4448:Hypothalamus
4330:
4165:
4152:
4059:Periodontium
3598:Adam's apple
3542:
3407:. Doubleday.
3403:
3396:
3387:
3380:. Retrieved
3374:
3367:
3345:(6): 341–3.
3342:
3338:
3332:
3322:17 September
3320:. Retrieved
3309:
3297:. Retrieved
3293:
3283:
3275:
3264:
3253:
3246:
3239:
3232:
3225:
3218:
3211:
3204:
3193:
3186:
3175:
3164:
3157:
3150:
3143:
3136:
3129:
3122:
3115:
3108:
3097:
3090:
3083:
3076:
3069:
3062:
3055:
3048:
3024:
3017:
2998:
2992:
2973:
2967:
2929:(1): 25–31.
2926:
2920:
2914:
2903:. Retrieved
2899:the original
2894:
2885:
2842:
2838:
2828:
2803:
2760:(1): 16–22.
2757:
2753:
2740:
2730:17 September
2728:. Retrieved
2724:the original
2714:
2706:
2692:
2686:
2674:. Retrieved
2668:
2658:
2633:
2625:
2606:
2600:
2581:
2575:
2550:
2512:
2504:
2493:the original
2484:
2477:
2468:
2458:
2439:
2433:
2419:(1): 51–62.
2416:
2412:
2406:
2397:
2388:
2369:
2338:. Retrieved
2318:
2315:Laryngoscope
2314:
2304:
2285:
2279:
2269:17 September
2267:. Retrieved
2263:
2230:
2222:
2209:
2205:
2196:
2182:
2176:
2161:. Retrieved
2141:
2137:
2039:Human tongue
2021:
2016:
2005:Newfoundland
1972:
1967:in America.
1959:
1944:
1938:October 2022
1935:
1924:Please help
1919:verification
1916:
1883:
1868:
1844:
1826:
1804:
1798:
1790:
1779:
1760:
1757:Roman Empire
1720:
1714:
1672:
1649:
1599:
1591:Macroglossum
1589:
1556:(apart from
1535:
1508:
1497:
1454:
1445:
1441:
1431:
1392:
1328:
1311:
1298:basic tastes
1278:
1274:transduction
1255:
1185:
1166:
1153:
1151:
1136:
1119:
1081:, a type of
1076:
1062:Microanatomy
1053:
998:facial nerve
980:
948:
945:Nerve supply
920:
889:
878:Blood supply
869:
866:
863:
852:
829:
811:
810:, moves the
801:
790:
783:
776:
768:styloglossus
756:genioglossus
753:
735:
731:
729:
722:drain into.
709:
706:Undersurface
697:
689:facial nerve
660:
658:
641:
637:
633:
631:
597:
593:
583:
576:
521:
517:nerve supply
504:
500:
474:
451:
447:
443:
427:
415:
407:
395:
392:West Frisian
387:
375:
367:
360:
358:
349:
330:
326:vocalization
282:
280:
234:A05.1.04.001
209:
155:
135:
4697:Supertaster
4661:Hypergeusia
4625:Soft palate
4321:Anatomy of
3991:Soft palate
3986:Hard palate
3930:Cupid's bow
3258:Azerbaijani
3228:(לָשׁוֹן);
2845:(1): 1–13.
2120:Vocal tract
1977:beef tongue
1898:Beef tongue
1827:glossolalia
1775:Middle Ages
1773:before the
1643:known as a
1546:oral mucosa
1511:desquamated
1500:oral cancer
1457:pathologies
1407:French kiss
1347:vocal tract
1339:articulated
1319:keratinised
1308:Mastication
1252:Supertaster
1125:Development
1083:oral mucosa
1041:vagus nerve
1011:(CN V) via
975:vagus nerve
935:hypoglossal
808:soft palate
552:soft palate
542:, with the
536:genioglossi
481:oral cavity
365:Old English
199:Identifiers
160:Hypoglossal
4770:Categories
4702:Tongue map
4677:Aftertaste
4656:Hypogeusia
4615:Epiglottis
4579:Bitterness
4245:Oropharynx
4203:Underside
3950:White roll
3765:Fingernail
3127:Portuguese
3086:(γλώσσα);
2905:2007-03-09
2775:2440/22632
2634:Psychology
2173:References
2115:Tongue map
2083:A yawning
1896:See also:
1795:phenomenon
1751:people in
1745:Holy Ghost
1695:homologous
1668:prehensile
1652:chameleons
1623:family of
1602:amphibians
1538:sublingual
1522:bad breath
1487:(thrush),
1463:and other
1459:including
1442:tongue-tie
1367:Consonants
1315:epithelium
1302:tongue map
1281:taste buds
1097:and their
1095:taste buds
939:hemorrhage
933:, and the
859:hyoid bone
855:epiglottis
842:, and the
786:hyoid bone
770:, and the
760:hyoglossus
665:pharyngeal
579:oropharynx
572:oropharynx
544:epiglottis
528:hyoid bone
505:pharyngeal
337:pharyngeal
306:taste buds
4651:Dysgeusia
4639:Gustology
4594:Sweetness
4584:Saltiness
4339:Taste bud
4177:Taste bud
4054:Stippling
3681:Genitalia
3251:Hungarian
3189:(језик);
3148:Bulgarian
3079:(լեզու);
3053:Afrikaans
2943:0031-6768
2895:DrDog.com
2859:0021-8782
2340:30 August
2211:hednk-024
2189:page 1125
2009:Argentina
1874:splitting
1782:retrieval
1753:Jerusalem
1737:Pentecost
1700:tetrapods
1683:proboscis
1679:butterfly
1675:analogous
1670:tongues.
1664:anteaters
1660:pangolins
1606:occipital
1461:glossitis
1399:sexuality
1107:fungiform
965:from the
857:, at the
818:Intrinsic
742:Extrinsic
736:extrinsic
732:intrinsic
590:phonology
586:phonetics
546:by three
532:hyoglossi
495:in early
463:Structure
458:In humans
432:Icelandic
424:Norwegian
404:Afrikaans
382:in other
378:. It has
359:The word
355:Etymology
193:submental
63:Precursor
4711:See also
4687:Pungency
4589:Sourness
4483:cerebrum
4465:thalamus
4453:Amygdala
4207:Frenulum
4069:Philtrum
4064:Cementum
3945:Philtrum
3810:Buttocks
3730:Shoulder
3565:Mandible
3498:Forehead
3382:15 April
3359:16262620
3237:Estonian
3214:(لسان);
3207:(زبان);
3196:(زمان);
3167:(язык);
3153:(език);
3141:Romanian
3074:Armenian
3067:Albanian
2959:23295086
2877:12171472
2784:16669472
2676:June 24,
2425:13010300
2335:17592392
2260:"Tongue"
2158:37228192
2097:See also
1865:Body art
1855:Fabriano
1847:rudeness
1841:Gestures
1767:language
1721:language
1617:tetrapod
1550:vascular
1518:bacteria
1467:such as
1450:frenulum
1411:oral sex
1389:Intimacy
1377:, while
1355:formants
1343:resonant
1262:tastants
1204:Function
1181:endoderm
1103:filiform
1091:papillae
914:and the
779:mandible
712:frenulum
566:and the
380:cognates
298:tetrapod
287:muscular
4760:Anatomy
4723:Hearing
4646:Ageusia
4620:Pharynx
4608:Anatomy
4383:medulla
4074:Gingiva
3855:Toenail
3745:Forearm
3691:Scrotum
3637:Midriff
3627:Abdomen
3620:(Trunk)
3570:Occiput
3513:Eyebrow
3404:Whaling
3299:18 July
3262:Turkish
3244:Finnish
3230:Maltese
3219:liššānā
3216:Aramaic
3198:Persian
3191:Kurdish
3180:Slovene
3162:Russian
3134:Spanish
3116:llengua
3113:Catalan
3106:Italian
3098:çhengey
2951:1034283
2868:1570891
2163:25 June
2138:Science
2026:Gallery
2013:Uruguay
2003:and in
1989:Sichuan
1892:As food
1717:metonym
1691:mollusc
1637:licking
1609:somites
1422:Disease
1409:and in
1283:on its
1198:thyroid
1111:vallate
1072:H&E
1043:, CN X)
977:(CN X).
795:of the
726:Muscles
606:laminal
562:by the
560:pharynx
554:by the
530:by the
524:incisor
440:Swedish
436:Faroese
292:in the
222:D014059
147:(taste)
141:Lingual
136:Sensory
124:Lingual
104:Lingual
57:Details
4781:Tongue
4746:Portal
4630:Tongue
4331:Tongue
4250:fauces
4166:Tongue
4091:Glands
3978:Palate
3790:Little
3780:Middle
3760:Finger
3735:Axilla
3676:Pelvis
3669:Nipple
3664:Breast
3659:Thorax
3603:Throat
3580:Temple
3543:Tongue
3523:Eyelid
3357:
3273:Khakas
3269:Kazakh
3233:ilsien
3223:Hebrew
3209:Arabic
3173:Slovak
3155:Polish
3137:lengua
3130:língua
3123:langue
3120:French
3109:lingua
3091:teanga
3084:glóssa
3060:Danish
3036:
3032:–220.
3005:
2980:
2957:
2949:
2941:
2875:
2865:
2857:
2816:
2782:
2699:
2646:
2613:
2588:
2563:
2559:–374.
2525:
2446:
2423:
2376:
2333:
2292:
2239:
2197:(1918)
2156:
2069:muzzle
2001:Norway
1981:birria
1973:lengua
1962:kosher
1786:memory
1749:Jewish
1687:radula
1625:pipids
1471:, and
1335:vowels
1331:speech
1325:Speech
1285:dorsal
1266:saliva
1250:, and
1173:copula
1015:fibers
1004:fibers
902:. The
838:, the
834:, the
766:) the
758:, the
691:) for
636:. The
602:apical
509:throat
442:. The
426:, and
420:Danish
412:German
376:tungōn
361:tongue
318:nerves
314:saliva
283:tongue
210:lingua
99:Artery
83:System
40:Tongue
4733:Touch
4728:Smell
4718:Sight
4670:Other
4599:Umami
4563:Taste
4509:Other
4323:taste
4260:Uvula
4145:Teeth
3960:Cheek
3909:mouth
3840:Ankle
3820:Thigh
3775:Index
3770:Thumb
3750:Wrist
3740:Elbow
3713:Limbs
3696:Vulva
3686:Penis
3642:Navel
3632:Waist
3618:Torso
3575:Scalp
3548:Tooth
3533:Mouth
3503:Cheek
3278:(тіл)
3254:nyelv
3247:kieli
3226:lāšon
3212:lisān
3205:zabān
3194:ziman
3187:jezik
3176:jazyk
3169:Czech
3165:yazyk
3158:język
3144:limba
3102:Latin
3088:Irish
3081:Greek
3070:gjuha
3063:tunge
2955:S2CID
2812:–96.
2750:(PDF)
2496:(PDF)
2489:(PDF)
2187:from
2091:-like
2065:okapi
2007:. In
1851:Tibet
1784:from
1733:Jesus
1689:on a
1685:or a
1666:have
1656:frogs
1604:from
1560:) of
1290:umami
1244:Taste
1238:Taste
892:blood
598:blade
452:tonge
448:tunge
428:tunga
416:tunge
408:Zunge
400:Dutch
388:tonge
368:tunge
343:(the
294:mouth
290:organ
285:is a
269:[
258:54640
205:Latin
180:Lymph
172:vagus
156:Motor
131:Nerve
4430:pons
4375:Path
4173:Top
4153:see
4128:duct
4116:duct
4104:duct
4011:Gums
3860:Sole
3845:Heel
3835:Foot
3830:Calf
3825:Knee
3785:Ring
3755:Hand
3703:Anus
3654:Back
3608:Nape
3590:Neck
3528:Nose
3508:Chin
3493:Face
3488:Hair
3480:Head
3472:Skin
3466:Body
3384:2024
3355:PMID
3324:2017
3301:2022
3271:and
3260:and
3240:keel
3202:Urdu
3200:and
3182:and
3171:and
3151:ezik
3104:and
3095:Manx
3077:lezu
3056:tong
3034:ISBN
3003:ISBN
2978:ISBN
2947:PMID
2939:ISSN
2873:PMID
2855:ISSN
2814:ISBN
2780:PMID
2732:2017
2697:ISBN
2678:2011
2644:ISBN
2611:ISBN
2586:ISBN
2561:ISBN
2523:ISBN
2444:ISBN
2421:PMID
2374:ISBN
2342:2023
2331:PMID
2290:ISBN
2271:2017
2237:ISBN
2165:2023
2154:PMID
2089:comb
2011:and
1993:lamb
1985:Duck
1872:and
1719:for
1662:and
1633:cats
1631:and
1629:dogs
1621:frog
1595:moth
1536:The
1516:and
1446:tied
1397:and
1337:are
1113:and
669:oral
588:and
534:and
515:and
501:oral
450:and
438:and
422:and
402:and
396:tong
333:oral
320:and
281:The
246:2820
229:TA98
217:MeSH
170:via
153:(IX)
119:Vein
4396:VII
3917:Lip
3850:Toe
3815:Hip
3802:Leg
3722:Arm
3560:Jaw
3555:Ear
3538:Lip
3518:Eye
3347:doi
3276:til
3265:dil
3030:217
2931:doi
2927:367
2863:PMC
2847:doi
2843:201
2770:hdl
2762:doi
2640:166
2557:372
2519:189
2323:doi
2319:117
2146:doi
2142:380
2085:cat
2063:An
1997:cod
1928:by
1681:'s
993:):
734:or
652:in
594:tip
584:In
430:in
418:in
410:in
398:in
390:in
253:FMA
241:TA2
174:(X)
4772::
4401:IX
3386:.
3353:.
3343:21
3341:.
3292:.
3267:;
3256:;
3249:;
3242:;
3235:;
3178:;
3160:;
3146:;
3139:;
3132:;
3125:;
3118:;
3111:;
3100:;
3093:;
3072:;
3065:;
3058:;
2953:.
2945:.
2937:.
2925:.
2893:.
2871:.
2861:.
2853:.
2841:.
2837:.
2810:84
2792:^
2778:.
2768:.
2758:51
2756:.
2752:.
2705:.
2667:.
2642:.
2537:^
2521:.
2467:.
2415:.
2396:.
2350:^
2329:.
2317:.
2313:.
2262:.
2251:^
2152:.
2140:.
2136:.
1888:.
1837:.
1821:.
1777:.
1731:,
1702:.
1658:,
1654:,
1568:.
1528:.
1506:.
1495:.
1483:,
1479:,
1475:;
1432:A
1413:.
1365:.
1276:.
1246:,
1164:.
1149:.
1109:,
1105:,
918:.
702:.
695:.
656:.
608:.
574:.
519:.
444:ue
434:,
414:,
406:,
394:,
191:,
187:,
110:,
106:,
90:,
74:,
70:,
4748::
4555:e
4548:t
4541:v
4406:X
4314:e
4307:t
4300:v
3900:e
3893:t
3886:v
3450:e
3443:t
3436:v
3361:.
3349::
3326:.
3303:.
3042:.
3011:.
2986:.
2961:.
2933::
2908:.
2879:.
2849::
2822:.
2786:.
2772::
2764::
2734:.
2680:.
2652:.
2619:.
2594:.
2569:.
2531:.
2471:.
2452:.
2427:.
2417:3
2382:.
2344:.
2325::
2298:.
2273:.
2245:.
2167:.
2148::
2105:.
1971:(
1951:)
1945:(
1940:)
1936:(
1922:.
1353:(
1186:V
661:V
374:*
273:]
34:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
