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On 20 February 2008, days following Kosovo's declaration of independence, it was widely interpreted in Israel, from Yasser Abed Rabos comments, that
Palestine may follow suit with a declaration of its own. Israel has criticized states that have recognized Palestine but refuse to recognize Kosovo, and
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Foreign
Ministry spokesman has said of Kosovo: "We view this illegal act as being in contradiction with international law." Following a skirmish between Armenian military forces in Nagorno-Karabakh and Azerbaijan forces which left 4 Azeri and 12 Armenian soldiers dead, Azerbaijan said it was sparked
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rejected the comparison stating "' status was managed under a specific U.N. Security
Council resolution, with an understanding in that resolution that final status was something that was going to be decided by the international community at an appropriate time," Casey said, adding "Kosovo is not a
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Alexei
Ostrovsky, chairman of the lower house's committee on former Soviet affairs said at the parliamentary hearing, "The world community should understand that from now on the resolution of conflicts in the ex-Soviet area cannot be seen in any other context from that of Kosovo." Participation of
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Since Kosovo's declaration of independence
Bosnian Serb nationalists have called for Dodik to fulfill his promises and call a referendum. Dodik has since said he will only call a referendum if Srpska's autonomy is threatened. Despite this Bosnian Serb lawmakers passed a resolution on February 21,
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and South
Ossetia's Eduard Kokoity said in a statement addressed to the United Nations: "If Kosovo is separated from Serbia and its independence is recognised, one more powerful proof will emerge that ethnic conflicts can be solved on principles other than a respect for territorial integrity ...
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During the last year or two years, relations between the leadership of
Slovakia and the native ethnic Hungarians, who live in close-knit communities in the country's south, have worsened once again, for which reason the Kosovo precedent is viewed in Slovakia as a potential treat to territorial
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In an interview, Dodik said if most countries recognise Kosovo's self-proclaimed independence, this would legitimise the right to secession and added "we do not see a single reason why we should not be granted the right to self-determination, the right envisaged in international conventions."
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stated in
December 2007, "In case of the unilateral recognition of the independence of Kosovo, Russia will be entitled to change its approach to the so-called unrecognised republics in the post-soviet regions - South Ossetia, Abkhazia and Transnistria". He went on to state "In case of such a
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and that that is because of the special circumstances out of which the breakup of
Yugoslavia came. The special circumstances of the aggression of the Milosevic forces against Kosovars, particularly Albanian Kosovars, and it’s a special circumstance." Rice additionally referred to
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stated in 2008: "A precedent is objectively created not just for South
Ossetia and Abkhazia but also for an estimated 200 territories around the world. If someone is allowed to do something, many others will expect similar treatment." Chairman of Foreign Affairs Committee
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news agency said "Each situation needs to be examined based on its unique circumstances," and said Kosovo was a "highly distinctive situation" because of the intervention of the international community. At the same time he emphasised that recognition is left up to
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well. According to Nami, "Everyone sees 2008 as the last window of opportunity for a solution to the Cyprus problem." He claims Cyprus is being warned that "other alternatives could be on the agenda" if there is no resolution. Turkish Cypriot leader
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2008, calling for a referendum on independence if a majority of the UN members (98 out of 193), especially members of the European Union, recognise Kosovo's declaration of independence. After the resolution was passed the U.S. cut aid to the
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The Sri Lankan foreign ministry said Kosovo "could set an unmanageable precedent in the conduct of international relations, the established global order of sovereign states and could thus pose a grave threat to international peace and
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The influence of the Kosovo precedent is so serious that the declaration of the summit of the OSCE Parliamentary Assembly in Kyiv on 9 July 2007 contained a warning that solution of certain conflicts should not be used as a model for
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704:. On 6 March 2008 Russia's Foreign Ministry announced it had lifted sanctions on Abkhazia and called on other CIS member states to do the same. Russia denied the event had any connection to Kosovo, but Georgian parliament speaker
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Committee for CIS recommended an upgrading of relations with Abkhazia, Transnistria, the Nagorno-Karabakh Republic and South Ossetia - including the possibility of recognition. Other recommendations included or reported include:
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argued every territorial conflict is unique. It said Kosovo's unilateral independence cannot be used by other states to resolve disputes. When asked about the Kosovo's independence in reference to recognition of South Ossetia,
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said that parallels between Kosovo and South Ossetia are inappropriate. Medvedev said that in case of South Ossetia it was about repelling a military aggression and condemned the unilateral actions and recognition of Kosovo.
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Abkhazia and South Ossetia have just as strong grounds to demand independence as Kosovo." Separately, Sergey Bagapsh said "The fate of Kosovo has been ordained, thus our fate will also be determined in the nearest future."
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The recognition of Crimea by Russia was the legal fig leaf which allowed Russia to say that it did not annex Crimea from Ukraine, rather the Republic of Crimea exercised its sovereign powers in seeking a merge with
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declared at the UN General Assembly session in October 2007 that the Armenian side “does not understand and cannot accept the reverse logic that Kosovo was given independence and that another nation cannot obtain
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South Ossetia, Abkhazia, and Transnistria have all submitted formal requests for recognition of their independence to Russia, among other countries, and international organisations citing Kosovo as a precedent.
502:"Our position is extremely clear. Any resolution on Kosovo should be approved by both sides. It is also clear that any resolution on Kosovo will definitely set a precedent in international practice."
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said that "the Russian leadership, in recognising the independence of Abkhazia and South Ossetia, has underlined the priority of the expression of the wills of the people for solving such problems".
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daily described the hearing as "the launch of a procedure of recognition". The committee recommendations were set to go to a vote a week after the hearing. Russian Deputy Foreign Minister
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The Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organisation, a group of some 70 members from Abkhazia over Kurdistan to Zanzibar is and will be using the Kosovo precedent to pursue its objectives.
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Müllerson, Rein. "Precedents in the mountains: on the parallels and uniqueness of the cases of Kosovo, South Ossetia and Abkhazia." Chinese Journal of International Law 8.1 (2009): 2-25.
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Russian President Vladimir Putin described the declaration of independence by Kosovo as a "terrible precedent that will come back to hit the West in the face". Russian Defence Minister
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in New York City, disagreed with Kremlin's evocation of Kosovo. He stated that Kosovo was under international administration for over a decade, and was the place of ethnic crimes in a
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In 2014, Russia recognized Crimean independence, but not that of Kosovo. Later, in February 2022 Vladimir Putin, President of Russia has cited Kosovo precedent as justification for
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Summers, James, ed. Kosovo: A Precedent?: The Declaration of Independence, the Advisory Opinion and Implications for Statehood, Self-Determination and Minority Rights. Brill, 2011.
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has rejected this connection saying "We do not see a direct link between the situation in Kosovo and the Cyprus Problem. These problems have come up through different conditions."
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Vietnam's Ambassador to the United Nations Le Luong Minh: "By creating a dangerous precedent, this development has negative implications for international peace and stability,"
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stating only that Moscow should "reshape its relations with self-proclaimed republics" which according to news reports could mean lifting the economic embargo on the regions.
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of Mali: "International norms must be respected because their abuse and the violation of territorial integrity could threaten a series of countries with a similar problem."
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categorically rejected, considering that "as in the case of the recognition of Kosovo, this step only decreases amenability of the sides in the search for a compromise".
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Parliamentary Assembly held in Kyiv in July 2007 issued a warning that "solution of certain conflicts should not be used as a model for the solution of other conflicts".
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McNamara, Sally. "Russia’s Recognition of Independence for South Ossetia and Abkhazia Is Illegitimate: They Are Not Kosovo." Heritage Foundation WebMemo 2037 (2008): 28.
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said "The Kosovo precedent is too important for Armenia. Certainly, this will have a positive influence for recognition of independence of Nagorno Karabakh Republic".
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said Kosovo was not a precedent for Karabakh. He underlined that Nagorno-Karabakh has been independent for the past 17 years. However, former President of Armenia
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Nevo, Zohar, and Tamar Megiddo. "Lessons From Kosovo: The Law of Statehood and Palestinian Unilateral Independence." J. Int'l L & Int'l Rel. 5 (2009): 89.
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150:. The recognition of Kosovo's independence by 101 out of 193 UN states, according to many sources, has given fresh impetus to other separatist movements.
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A number of political leaders have voiced their belief that the independence of Kosovo will create a dangerous precedent for other separatist movements.
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Map of Georgia showing the autonomous republics of Abkhazia (de facto independent) and Adjaria, and the de facto independent region of South Ossetia.
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the establishment of diplomatic missions in the regions, with the foreign ministry to decide whether they are consulates or another type of mission
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Berg, Eiki. "Re-examining sovereignty claims in changing territorialities: reflections from ‘Kosovo Syndrome’." Geopolitics 14.2 (2009): 219-234.
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Analysts have taken this as meaning the Russian Federation would come out for the independence of de facto independent breakaway regions in the
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stated that "the problem that started with Kosovo must be stopped", otherwise it would result in "big problems of territorial integrity" in the
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precedent and should be seen as a precedent for any other place out there in the world. It certainly isn't a precedent for Nagorno-Karabakh."
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833:. Relations between Moldova and Transnistria worsened after Moldova refused to support the independence of Abkhazia and South Ossetia, which
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recognition of Kosovo, Russia will be able to say that it is free in its approach, including towards the so-called unrecognised republics of
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stated that Israel will not recognize Kosovo until all European states do so. However, in September 2020, Israel did recognize Kosovo.
377:: "Recognizing Kosovo's independence ... would set a dangerous precedent against the national claim to recover sovereignty over the
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Jia, Bing Bing. "The independence of Kosovo: A unique case of secession?." Chinese Journal of International Law 8.1 (2009): 27–46.
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the Kosovo precedent is seen as a potential threat to its territorial integrity because of the worsened relations with the ethnic
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Tajikistan Foreign Minister Asomudin Saidov: "This precedent may result in other peoples also demanding territorial independence."
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751:'s Deputy Parliament Speaker Vahan Hovhannisyan has said Kosovo's independence will influence the settlement of the dispute over
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the breakaway republics in international organisations and forums was also mentioned in a press release before the hearings. The
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Borgen, Christopher J. "From Kosovo to Catalonia: Separatism and Integration in Europe." Goettingen J. Int'l L. 2 (2010): 997.
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said she believed the move was part of Russia's response to Kosovo's declaration and signals an attempt to "annex" Abkhazia.
392:: "For me Kosovo is, above all, a precedent. We’ve opened a Pandora’s Box in Europe that could have disastrous consequences."
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The Indian Ambassador to Serbia Ajay Swarup: Kosovo "can set a very dangerous precedent for similar cases around the world".
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Faulconbridge, Guy, March MOSCOW, and South Ossetia. "Georgia rebel region seeks recognition after Kosovo." Reuters (2008).
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It is estimated that a total of 70 unrecognized nations and organizations use the Kosovo precedent to achieve their goals.
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The Kosovo Crisis in an International Law Perspective: Self-determination, Territorial Integrity and the NATO Intervention
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Immediately following Kosovo's declaration of independence the Russian officials appeared to soften their position, with
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of Kazakhstan: "If the right to self-determination is put into practice all over the world, then there would be chaos."
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Charney, Jonathan I. "Self-Determination: Chechnya, Kosovo, and East Timor." Vand. J. Transnatl. L. 34 (2001): 455.
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called the international community's recognition of Kosovo independence and protest over Crimean annexation as '
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said the precedent set by Kosovo "will inspire separatists not only in Europe, but in the Middle East as well."
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said the ministry would "look carefully at all the recommendations" but that Russian policy remained unchanged.
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649:; conversely, no such events engulfed Crimea before 2014. Furthermore, Kosovo remained independent, whereas
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Allin, Dana H. "Unintended consequences–managing Kosovo independence." What Status for Kosovo (2001): 7–17.
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2533:"Медведев встречается с нацеленным на независимость лидером Приднестровья, чтобы урегулировать конфликт"
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2466:"Robert Kocharyan: "Kosovo may become a precedent for recognition of Nagorno Karabakh's independence""
1146:"Accordance with International Law of the Unilateral Declaration of Independence in Respect of Kosovo"
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Chris Borgen, Professor of Law and co-director of the Center for International and Comparative Law at
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2444:Совбез ООН по требованию России проведет экстренное заседание по Косово. НАТО созывает Совет альянса
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2163:"Kosovo, South Ossetia, and Crimea: the Legal Rhetoric of Intervention, Recognition, and Annexation"
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Some argue that Kosovo establishes a precedent for other geographical regions that wish to secede.
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proclaimed its independence from Ukraine on 11 March 2014, citing the Kosovo precedent; Crimea was
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a removal of import duties on goods created by businesses with Russian shareholders in the regions
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refused to recognize Kosovo independence, but subsequently used the precedent to achieve goals in
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1534:"UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon: I wish to note that Kosovo is a highly distinctive situation"
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To minimize a serious influence of Kosovo Precedent to the solution of other conflicts, the
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Some leaders argue that the Kosovo situation is unique and does not establish a precedent.
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increased humanitarian and economic assistance for Russian passport-holders in the regions
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431:: Kosovo may become a dangerous precedent to be followed by separatists in other regions.
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has expressed concern that Kosovo's campaign for independence could set a precedent for
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Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information.
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announced a secession from Montenegro following the Montenegrin recognition of Kosovo.
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Sovereign Kosovo raises questions for Hungarian minority -- Canadian Hungarian Journal
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1754:"Kazakhstan will not recognize Donetsk, Luhansk as independent states, says president"
1399:"Путин заявил Гутерришу, что Россия признала ДНР и ЛНР на основании прецедента Косово"
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Russian recognition of the Donetsk People's Republic and the Luhansk People's Republic
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For discussion of the effect of the Kosovo secession on international relations, see
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Non-traditional Security Threats and Regional Cooperation in the Southern Caucasus
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On 13 March 2008, following a hearing on the unrecognised republics, the Russian
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2181:"Law, Rhetoric, Strategy: Russia and Self-Determination Before and After Crimea"
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Bagapsh: International recognition of Abkhazia sure to follow Kosovo precedent
2330:"Transnistria asks int'l community for recognition as Europe's newest country"
1848:"Таджикистан не признает независимость Косово и считает ее опасной для Европы"
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vetoed recognising Kosovo, and threatened to declare independence themselves.
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Reactions to the ICJ advisory opinion on Kosovo's declaration of independence
2276:"Georgia: Tbilisi Outraged At Moscow Withdrawal From Abkhaz Sanctions Treaty"
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2132:"Russia Will Have Its Eye on Those Who Recognize Kosovo - Kommersant Moscow"
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Precedent set by the international recognition of the independence of Kosovo
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2000:"Separatist leaders give no indication of imminent recognition from Moscow"
1609:"Putin calls Kosovo independence 'terrible precedent' - World - smh.com.au"
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region which was included in the independence declaration on 11 March 2014.
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134:, and others. This triggered an international debate over whether Kosovo's
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said Srpska has "absolutely no right" to secede and that he would use his
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1869:"Europe split on Kosovo independence, Ukraine doesn't want precedent set"
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1451:"Kosovo autonomy is no precedent for other territorial conflicts - U.S."
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in November 2010, 87 percent would support a referendum being called on
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2393:"Parallels between Kosovo and South Ossetia "inappropriate" – Medvedev"
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1427:"Putin cites precedent of Kosovo in explaining recognition of DPR, LPR"
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can use what’s happening today in Kosovo in its favor in whatever way."
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2230:"Georgia: Solana Fears Kosovo 'Precedent' For Abkhazia, South Ossetia"
2082:"Russia Intends to Open its Representations in Unrecognized Republics"
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by international recognition of Kosovo. US State Department Spokesman
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The final borders of the conflict after the 1994 ceasefire was signed.
86:(who were not members of the Assembly), not acting in the capacity of
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1971:"Russia ready to recognize Pridnestrovie if Kosovo gets independence"
1371:"Russian Ambassador to Serbia Denies Change in Putin's Kosovo Policy"
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1781:"New governments of Spain and Cyprus will refuse Kosovo recognition"
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external links, and converting useful links where appropriate into
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that could apply to other separatist movements, or whether it is a
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Jovanovic, Miroslav N.; Jovanović, Miroslav N. (1 January 2013).
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Serbia warns of a new Balkan war as peace talks over Kosovo fail
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Russia's reaction to the 2008 Kosovo declaration of independence
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23:. For discussion over the legality of the Kosovo secession, see
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2024:"Russian lawmakers call for missions in Georgian rebel regions"
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2655:. Balkan Insight Reporting Network. 2008-03-05. Archived from
2577:. Balkan Insight Reporting Network. 2008-02-20. Archived from
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saw 99.74% of voters reject the Republic of Kosovo. A planned
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EU High Representative for Common Foreign and Security Policy
2301:"Georgia's rebel Abkhazia calls for independence recognition"
1653:"Por las Malvinas, el Gobierno decidió no reconocer a Kosovo"
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The northern part areas are administered by Turkish Cypriots.
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dismissed it and said, "we've been very clear that Kosovo is
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and the resolution was condemned by the European Union. The
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1827:"World's Reaction to Declaration of Kosovo's Independence"
1627:""Kada su priznali Kosovo – otvorili su Pandorinu kutiju""
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Controversy over Abkhazian and South Ossetian independence
165:. Kosovo's independence also led to increased tensions in
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said the country's entities have no right to secede. The
2803:"A united Cyprus: first fruit of Kosovo's independence?"
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Russia Will Have Its Eye on Those Who Recognize Kosovo,
653:, indicating that the real motivation of the latter was
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Since the independence declaration, the Serb-inhabited
1948:. FOCUS Information Agency. 2008-01-17. Archived from
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90:, declared Kosovo an independent and sovereign state.
2487:"Azerbaijan says not recognising Kosovo independence"
2414:"Kosovo seen as precedent by four more new countries"
2215:"Czech president sees Kosovo-Crimea double standards"
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Members of the majority in the municipal assembly of
915:"if there are threats to peace and stability" or the
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Declaration of Independence of the Republic of Crimea
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341:, said Kosovo is a "model for the Romanian region of
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On 17 February 2008, the majority of members of the
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Georgia breakaway provinces eye Kosovo as precedent
1563:"Canada recognizes Kosovo, Serbia pulls ambassador"
2835:integrity of the comparatively young Slovak state.
2707:"Dodik insists RS has right to self-determination"
2678:"Major powers reject Bosnian Serb secession calls"
1946:"Putin says Kosovo resolution would set precedent"
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1227:"Republic of Palau suspends recognition of Kosovo"
1042:, through its municipalities and subsequently the
814:On 27 August, the day after Russia's recognition,
366:said that granting Kosovo independence would open
204:recognition of eastern Ukraine's breakaway regions
2919:may not follow Knowledge's policies or guidelines
2766:"Turkish paper: North Cyprus eyes Kosovo outcome"
2508:"US Concerned About Fighting in Nagorno-Karabakh"
2053:"Russia Seeks to Deepen Links With Rebel Regions"
1504:"Civil.Ge | EU, U.S. Say Kosovo Unique Case"
610:United Nations General Assembly Resolution 68/262
161:renewed their calls for the recognition of their
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804:The then president of the unrecognised state of
3006:Messy Kosovo breakaway stokes fear of partition
2805:. New Kosova Report. 2008-03-29. Archived from
1702:Czech, Slovak presidents: Kosovo sets precedent
1677:China 'concerned', Australia backs Kosovo split
1324:"How similar _ or not _ are Crimea and Kosovo?"
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176:The precedent was cited over the course of the
2832:. Znanye Publishing House. 2008. p. 152.
2600:"Bosnian Serbs threaten secession over Kosovo"
1296:"Bosnian Serbs Threaten Secession Over Kosovo"
905:High Representative for Bosnia and Herzegovina
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3014:Tensions mount by the shores of the Black Sea
2848:"Israel Dismisses Talk of Recognizing Kosovo"
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2447:(in Russian). NEWSru.com (Moscow). 2008-02-17
1728:"Ambassador: India's Kosovo stand consistent"
1034:Map highlighting North Kosovo municipalities.
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1586:. B92 (Belgrade). 2008-03-10. Archived from
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271:as reasons for Kosovo being a special case.
2102:Kosovo precedent for 200 territories—Lavrov
1044:Assembly of the Community of Municipalities
829:in the framework of the sovereignty of the
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240:In a statement issued 19 February 2008 the
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2990:Breakaway regions look to Kosovo precedent
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2621:"U.S. cuts aid to main Bosnian Serb party"
2554:"Za nezavisnu RS 88 odsto građana -- poll"
2420:(Transnistria). 2007-12-17. Archived from
2336:(Transnistria). 2008-02-29. Archived from
2191:(1) (International Law Studies ed.).
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1977:(Transnistria). 2007-12-27. Archived from
1894:"UNSC debates Kosovo in emergency session"
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2955:Learn how and when to remove this message
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1655:. Clarin.com. 2008-02-20. Archived from
1271:. Edward Elgar Publishing. p. 929.
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350:Kosovo establishes a dangerous precedent
65:
2969:How will Kosovo affect global politics?
2623:. PR-inside. 2008-03-04. Archived from
1619:
1443:
1344:
990:that live on the south of the country.
275:Secretary-General of the United Nations
3234:
2646:"Bosnia Serb PM Dismisses US Aid Cuts"
2568:"Bosnia's Dodik Calms Secession Fears"
2546:
2435:
2018:
2016:
1752:Kussainova, Meiramgul (17 June 2022).
1347:"Serbia Is Playing With Matches Again"
597:
210:is supported by the Kosovo precedent.
136:unilateral declaration of independence
3030:
2741:Скупштина Црне Горе о демонстрацијама
2602:. Reuters (New York City). 2008-02-22
1910:
1730:. B92.net. 2008-03-31. Archived from
1479:"U.S Rules Out Recognising S.Ossetia"
1421:
1419:
1393:
1391:
1268:The Economics of European Integration
1182:"Taiwan officially recognizes Kosovo"
297:Kosovo establishes a useful precedent
219:Kosovo does not establish a precedent
2899:
2717:(Serbia). 2008-03-09. Archived from
2556:. Gallup Balkan Monitor. 2010-11-19.
1456:(Russia). 2008-02-20. Archived from
1318:
1316:
29:
3317:Politics of the Republic of Artsakh
3267:International law legal terminology
2684:(Paris). 2008-02-27. Archived from
2307:(Paris). 2008-03-08. Archived from
2030:(Paris). 2008-03-13. Archived from
2013:
1298:. Javno. 2008-02-22. Archived from
1008:
840:
723:In October 2009, Russian President
676:Georgia, Abkhazia and South Ossetia
643:St. John's University School of Law
21:International recognition of Kosovo
13:
2982:The Kosovo precedent in the making
2858:
1783:. Kosovocompromise.com. 2008-03-11
1416:
1388:
1138:
942:
518:Russia's upper house of parliament
480:Position of the Russian Federation
14:
3363:
2895:
2251:"Russia lifts Abkhazia sanctions"
1345:Coakley, Amanda (3 August 2022).
1313:
1240:Timothy Garton Ash (2008-02-21).
424:region and other parts of Europe.
335:member of the European Parliament
200:annexed by the Russian Federation
2904:
2744:(in Serbian). Rts.rs. 2008-10-15
1064:Community of Serb Municipalities
34:
2850:. Balkan Insight. 29 June 2011.
2840:
2820:
2795:
2732:
2699:
2670:
2638:
2613:
2592:
2560:
2525:
2500:
2479:
2458:
2406:
2385:
2369:
2351:
2322:
2293:
2268:
2243:
2221:
2207:
2179:Borgen, Christopher J. (2015).
2172:
2154:
2124:
2095:
2084:. Trend News Agency. 2008-03-13
2074:
2045:
1963:
1938:
1886:
1861:
1840:
1819:
1794:
1773:
1745:
1720:
1695:
1670:
1645:
1601:
1584:"Kosovo model for Transylvania"
1576:
1555:
1526:
1496:
1471:
1363:
1208:. Prospect Magazine. April 2008
1019:
3272:International relations theory
2535:. Newsru.com. 3 September 2008
2161:Chris Borgen (April 2, 2014),
1338:
1288:
1233:
1219:
1173:
1153:International Court of Justice
1000:Palestinian self-determination
265:Federal Republic of Yugoslavia
1:
3307:Politics of Georgia (country)
2780:). 2007-12-27. Archived from
2228:Lobjakas, Ahto (2006-10-04).
2059:). 2008-03-13. Archived from
1131:
926:
847:Secession of Republika Srpska
70:Map of the Republic of Kosovo
3327:Politics of Republika Srpska
3058:International recognition of
2395:(in Russian). Caucasian Knot
1155:. p. 29. Archived from
897:Peace Implementation Council
732:Armenia, Azerbaijan, Artsakh
651:Crimea was annexed by Russia
213:
202:just a week later. In 2022,
7:
3322:Politics of Northern Cyprus
3080:Declaration of independence
2178:
2002:. The Messenger. 2008-02-20
1180:Hsu, Jenny W (2008-02-20).
1069:
977:
593:Alleged influence of events
441:: "On the territory of the
437:Ukrainian Foreign Minister
373:Argentine Foreign Minister
317:National Assembly of Quebec
10:
3368:
1920:. IOS Press. p. 234.
1023:
1012:
997:
844:
603:
483:
293:or the Secretary-General.
289:and is not decided by the
222:
132:Republic of China (Taiwan)
25:Political status of Kosovo
18:
3337:Politics of South Ossetia
3242:Aftermath of the Cold War
3148:
3067:
2489:. Reuters.com. 2008-02-18
2185:International Law Studies
1056:Brussels Agreement (2013)
993:
580:Russian Foreign Minister
531:Nagorno-Karabakh Republic
427:Slovakian Prime Minister
388:Czech Republic President
94:was soon recognized as a
43:This article needs to be
2740:
2443:
1540:(Russia). Archived from
1405:(in Russian). 2022-04-26
792:Moldova and Transnistria
696:'s breakaway regions of
1096:Independence referendum
1050:independent during the
867:According to a poll of
457:, there are so-called ‘
3262:Independence of Kosovo
3252:Diplomatic recognition
2468:. Today.az. 2008-02-29
1242:"The Kosovo precedent"
1206:"The Kosovo Precedent"
1086:Detachment (territory)
1035:
952:
917:Dayton peace agreement
901:Bosnia and Herzegovina
885:Bosnia and Herzegovina
864:
861:Bosnia and Herzegovina
801:
743:
685:
631:
504:
308:, a member of the pro-
167:Bosnia and Herzegovina
71:
2829:International Affairs
2512:Voice of America News
1106:Kosovo status process
1066:is set to be formed.
1033:
1013:Further information:
955:Özdil Nami, a senior
950:
883:'s independence from
877:Gallup Balkan Monitor
854:
827:Transnistria conflict
799:
741:
683:
621:
604:Further information:
500:
400:Kassym-Jomart Tokayev
362:and Russian diplomat
242:U.S. State Department
223:Further information:
69:
3292:Politics of Abkhazia
3282:Partition (politics)
3105:UNSC Resolution 1244
3085:ICJ advisory opinion
2925:improve this article
2682:Agence France-Presse
2627:on February 10, 2012
2305:Agence France-Presse
2217:. B92. 10 June 2017.
2028:Agence France Presse
1900:on October 14, 2012.
1850:. Afn.by. 2008-02-19
1015:Catalan independence
820:President of Moldova
407:Amadou Toumani Touré
280:in an interview for
267:and the presence of
229:Comparative politics
3342:Politics of Ukraine
3312:Politics of Moldova
2937:footnote references
2151:, February 17, 2008
1615:. 23 February 2008.
1052:North Kosovo crisis
959:official, told the
831:Republic of Moldova
800:Map of Transnistria
655:Russian irredentism
606:Russo-Ukrainian War
598:Russo-Ukrainian War
570:Nezavisimaya Gazeta
508:former Soviet Union
461:’ and undoubtedly,
412:Romanian President
364:Konstantin Kosachev
178:Russo-Ukrainian War
3332:Politics of Serbia
3302:Politics of Cyprus
3297:Politics of Crimea
3287:Political theories
3277:National questions
3017:The Globe and Mail
2985:Turkish Daily News
2418:The Tiraspol Times
2121:, January 23, 2008
2107:2008-02-26 at the
1975:The Tiraspol Times
1707:2011-06-07 at the
1682:2008-05-16 at the
1334:on March 23, 2014.
1036:
962:Turkish Daily News
953:
865:
802:
765:self-determination
744:
686:
632:
516:, the chairman of
494:Russian President
445:, particularly in
310:Quebec sovereignty
247:Secretary of State
196:Republic of Crimea
76:Assembly of Kosovo
72:
3229:
3228:
3140:Foreign relations
2965:
2964:
2957:
2280:Radio Free Europe
1927:978-1-60750-683-6
1565:. CBC. 2008-03-18
1514:on 28 August 2008
1481:. Civil Georgia (
1403:www.kommersant.ru
1278:978-0-85793-398-0
1246:Los Angeles Times
1111:Namibia exception
1076:Colour revolution
899:(PIC) overseeing
660:In October 2017,
439:Volodymyr Ohryzko
144:international law
64:
63:
3359:
3247:Conflict of laws
3100:Political status
3051:
3044:
3037:
3028:
3027:
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2908:
2907:
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2389:
2383:
2382:, August 1, 2007
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2211:
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2176:
2170:
2169:
2158:
2152:
2146:
2144:
2143:
2134:. Archived from
2128:
2122:
2099:
2093:
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2090:
2089:
2078:
2072:
2071:
2069:
2068:
2049:
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2020:
2011:
2010:
2008:
2007:
1996:
1990:
1989:
1987:
1986:
1967:
1961:
1960:
1958:
1957:
1942:
1936:
1935:
1908:
1902:
1901:
1896:. Archived from
1890:
1884:
1883:
1881:
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1865:
1859:
1858:
1856:
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1838:
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1724:
1718:
1717:, March 11, 2008
1699:
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1552:
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1549:
1530:
1524:
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1521:
1519:
1510:. Archived from
1500:
1494:
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1342:
1336:
1335:
1330:. Archived from
1320:
1311:
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1308:
1307:
1292:
1286:
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1262:
1256:
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1177:
1171:
1170:
1168:
1167:
1161:
1150:
1142:
1009:Spain, Catalonia
972:Mehmet Ali Talat
881:Republika Srpska
857:Republika Srpska
841:Republika Srpska
823:Vladimir Voronin
773:Robert Kocharyan
757:Foreign Minister
753:Artsakh Republic
670:double standards
626:, including the
587:Mikhail Margelov
459:frozen conflicts
379:Malvinas islands
327:ethnic Hungarian
315:who sits in the
287:UN member states
250:Condoleezza Rice
206:and their later
171:Republika Srpska
59:
56:
50:
38:
37:
30:
3367:
3366:
3362:
3361:
3360:
3358:
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3230:
3225:
3144:
3063:
3055:
2961:
2950:
2944:
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2922:
2913:This article's
2909:
2905:
2898:
2861:
2859:Further reading
2856:
2855:
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2125:
2109:Wayback Machine
2100:
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2014:
2005:
2003:
1998:
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1984:
1982:
1969:
1968:
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1955:
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1829:. News.trend.az
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1709:Wayback Machine
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1633:. 10 March 2017
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1091:Greater Albania
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1028:
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957:Turkish Cypriot
945:
943:Northern Cyprus
929:
909:Miroslav Lajcak
849:
843:
816:Dmitry Medvedev
794:
760:Vardan Oskanyan
746:
745:
734:
725:Dmitry Medvedev
706:Nino Burjanadze
678:
647:bloody conflict
616:
600:
595:
575:Grigory Karasin
498:stated in 2008:
492:
486:Frozen conflict
482:
463:separate forces
352:
313:Parti Québécois
299:
235:
233:Comparative law
221:
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96:sovereign state
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3130:Status process
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2366:, June 4, 2007
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1912:Aydın, Mustafa
1903:
1885:
1860:
1839:
1818:
1802:"West Slammed"
1793:
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1759:Anadolu Agency
1744:
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1613:www.smh.com.au
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2167:OpinioJuris
1116:Nationalism
1101:Irredentism
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913:Bonn Powers
715:Abkhazia's
666:Miloš Zeman
443:former USSR
429:Robert Fico
306:Daniel Turp
291:Secretariat
278:Ban Ki-moon
255:sui generis
163:sovereignty
3352:Separatism
3236:Categories
2813:2008-03-29
2788:2007-12-28
2748:2010-04-28
2725:2008-03-09
2692:2008-03-09
2663:2008-03-09
2631:2008-03-09
2606:2008-02-22
2585:2008-02-20
2539:2010-04-28
2518:2008-03-09
2493:2010-04-28
2472:2010-04-28
2451:2008-02-18
2428:2007-12-28
2399:2021-04-27
2344:2008-03-09
2315:2008-03-09
2286:2008-03-09
2261:2008-03-09
2236:2010-04-28
2149:Kommersant
2142:2008-03-10
2088:2008-03-13
2067:2008-03-13
2038:2008-03-13
2006:2008-02-20
1985:2007-12-28
1956:2008-01-18
1879:2023-04-28
1854:2010-04-28
1833:2010-04-28
1812:2023-04-28
1787:2010-04-28
1738:2010-04-28
1663:2010-04-28
1594:2009-04-07
1569:2009-04-07
1548:2008-03-11
1518:19 October
1489:2008-03-09
1464:2008-02-20
1436:2022-08-18
1409:2022-08-18
1381:2022-08-18
1356:2022-08-18
1306:2009-04-09
1251:2009-04-09
1212:2009-04-13
1191:2008-05-13
1166:2012-08-19
1132:References
998:See also:
988:Hungarians
937:Montenegro
927:Montenegro
780:Azerbaijan
664:president
628:Sevastopol
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455:Azerbaijan
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398:President
385:security."
208:annexation
138:had set a
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1873:Kyiv Post
818:met with
785:Tom Casey
422:Black Sea
333:who is a
214:Arguments
185:President
140:precedent
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2972:Ynetnews
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2770:b92.net/
2711:B92.net/
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1914:(2011).
1765:28 April
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523:Abkhazia
282:Interfax
155:Abkhazia
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3221:Ukraine
3191:Romania
3186:Nigeria
3156:Armenia
3075:History
3009:Reuters
2993:Reuters
2923:Please
2915:use of
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3110:UNMIK
1160:(PDF)
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329:from
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