683:
1088:
433:
472:
72:
99:
486:
2809:
503:
942:, this move was unpopular among the rest of Company leadership, but Hastings continued a harsh policy on Oudh, justifying the military aid as a bid to strengthen Oudh's status as a buffer state against the Marathas. To shape the policy of Oudh and direct its internal affairs Hastings appointed the resident
1046:
of Awadh (excepting
Gorakhpur which was ceded) and surrounded it by directly-administered British territory, rendering it useless as a buffer. The treaty also mandated a government to be put in place that primarily served the citizens of Oudh. It was on the basis of the failure to meet this demand
922:
under the Treaty of
Benares (1765). Shaja-ud-Daula further had to pay 5 million rupees as an indemnity, which was paid off in one year. The long-term result would be direct British interference in the internal state matters of Oudh, useful as a buffer state against the
1142:
of Awadh and ruled as regent. At the time of the rebellion, the
British lost control of the territory; they reestablished their rule over the next eighteen months, during which time there were massacres such as those that had occurred in the course of the
995:
The Treaty of Chunar (1781) sought to reduce the number of
British troops in Oudh's service to cut costs, but failed in this measure due to the instability of Asaf-ud-Daula's rule and thus his reliance on British aid essentially as a puppet regime.
648:
of the East India
Company overcame the disunited collection of Indian states in a single rapid campaign. Determined rebels continued to wage sporadic guerrilla clashes until the spring of 1859. This rebellion is also historically known as the
84:
883:
soon took notice of the affluence in which the Nawabs of Oudh lived. Primarily, the
British sought to protect the frontiers of Bengal and their lucrative trade there; only later did direct expansion occur.
598:
declined and decentralized, local governors in Oudh began asserting greater autonomy, and eventually Oudh matured into an independent polity governing the fertile lands of the
Central and Lower
515:
797:. Safdar Jang gained recognition from Persia after paying tribute. He continued Saadat Khan's expansionist policy, promising military protection to Bengal in exchange for the forts at
682:
972:
Asaf-ud-Daula acceded to the nawabship of Oudh with
British aid in exchange for the Treaty of Benares (1775) which further increased the cost of mercenaries and ceded the
447:
2195:
2164:
927:. The treaty also granted British traders special privileges and exemptions from many customs duties, which led to tensions as British monopolies were established.
2192:
An Anglo-Indian
Dictionary: A Glossary of Indian Terms Used in English, and of Such English Or Other Non-Indian Terms as Have Obtained Special Meanings in India
2369:
Treaty with the Nawab of Oudh for the cession of
Territory in commutation of Subsidy, concluded by Henry Wellesley and Lieut.-Col. William Scott 10th Nov. 1801
2827:
1011:'s personal proclamation in Lucknow of his rule. A treaty signed on 21 February 1798 increased the subsidy paid to the British to 70 lakh rupees per year.
992:. From this time onwards, Oudh consistently complied with the Company's demands, which continued to demand more land and economic control over the state.
1938:
2886:
757:
and surrounding lands from the Mughal noble Rustam Ali Khan and established stable revenue collection in that province after quelling the chief of
588:
until its annexation by the British in 1856. The name Oudh, now obsolete, was once the anglicized name of the state, also written historically as
2896:
1099:
770:
2633:
2611:
2447:
2108:
2691:
2473:
2406:
2032:
2548:
2522:
1870:
In the early eighteenth century, the population of Oudh was estimated to be 3 million. Oudh underwent a demographic shift in which
910:. The battle was a turning point for the once rising star of Oudh. The immediate effect was the British occupation of the fort at
1997:
2506:
2387:
2158:
1758:
1042:
to the British in lieu of the annual tribute. The cession halved the size of the polity, reducing it to the original Mughal
930:
Shuja-ud-Daula bought the Mughal provinces of Kora and Allahabad in the Treaty of Benares (1773) with the British (who held
640:
Oudh joined other Indian states in an upheaval against British rule in 1858 during one of the last series of actions in the
686:
Elaborately illustrated map of the Awadh Subah of the Mughal Empire, commissioned by Jean Baptiste Joseph Gentil, ca.1770
30:
This article is about the Mughal province and later kingdom. For the natural and historical region in Uttar Pradesh, see
2354:
2743:
On the contrary the annexation of Oudh in 1856 was viewed by the Muslim elite and the Hindu majority population of Oudh
2102:
2583:
2876:
2866:
2722:
2305:
2259:
2229:
2079:
1163:
1159:
2664:
1167:
1008:
1007:
acceded to the throne of Oudh in 1798, owing his seat to British intervention including Governor-General of Bengal
709:
465:
17:
2755:
Litvak, Meir (February 2001). "Money, religion, and politics: The Oudh Bequest in Najaf and Karbala, 1850-1903".
1937:. These payments, along with lifelong stipends to the wives and mother of Ghazi-ud-Din served as interest on the
363:
946:
in Lucknow that year as well. At the conclusion of the First Rohilla War in 1774, Oudh gained the entirety of
934:
control over the area) for 50 lakh rupees, increased the cost of Company mercenaries, and military aid in the
1878:
expanded to become metropolises of over 200,000 people over the course of the 18th century at the expense of
1087:
2349:
98:
2813:
2002:
1111:
880:
603:
2871:
1096:
1057:
was not annexed by the British yet; instead, they served as separate princely states for the moment.
83:
1922:
1452:
1423:
1127:
1065:
641:
630:
2891:
2007:
1646:
1151:
665:
650:
376:
2637:
1079:
Throughout the early 1800s until annexation, several areas were gradually ceded to the British.
2881:
2661:"Repertoire On Wajid Ali Shah & Monuments of Avadh – Nawabs of Oudh & their Secularism"
2605:
2441:
989:
754:
634:
2187:
2131:
2092:
852:
with Ahmad Shah's official support. This was arguably the zenith of Oudh's territorial span.
2498:
Rulers, Townsmen and Bazaars: North Indian Society in the Age of British Expansion, 1770-1870
2496:
2148:
1897:
Although it was ruled by Muslims, a majority, roughly four fifths, of Oudh's population were
1838:
810:
139:
2687:
2469:
2402:
2036:
71:
2552:
844:
on the Mughal throne with the cooperation of other Mughal nobility. In 1748 he gained the
8:
2526:
1073:
943:
617:, but the Company's Political Agents, officially known as "Residents", had their seat in
182:
2772:
1992:
1409:
1131:
1019:
1004:
841:
507:
2715:
Roots of North Indian Shīʾism in Iran and Iraq: Religion and State in Awadh, 1722-1859
2776:
2718:
2502:
2301:
2255:
2225:
2154:
2098:
2075:
1466:
1230:
1225:
1144:
1115:
1072:(king), signaling formal independence from the Mughal Empire under the advice of the
935:
902:
of 1764, when the East India Company defeated the alliance between the nawab of Oudh
867:
in 1762 and offered him asylum after his failed campaigns against the British in the
730:
661:
519:
350:
288:
2764:
1851:
774:
532:
246:
194:
186:
2326:
Habib, Irfan; Habib, Faiz (2014). "Mapping the Dismemberment of Awadh 1775-1801".
1015:
939:
899:
824:
became effectively independent. As regional officials asserted their autonomy in
738:
607:
190:
1987:
1494:
1480:
1396:
1358:
1257:
1247:
1235:
1107:
1103:
1039:
903:
893:
856:
833:
577:
301:
269:
258:
208:
135:
2768:
2150:
Anatomy of a Confrontation: Ayodhya and the Rise of Communal Politics in India
2860:
2842:
2829:
1383:
1212:
1206:
1175:
967:
817:
595:
570:
479:
452:
438:
327:
129:
119:
1929:, a system of fixed payments by the British paid to the Shia holy cities of
2819:
2717:. Comparative Studies on Muslim Societies. University of California Press.
2575:
2012:
1926:
1265:
1220:
1061:
1054:
955:
919:
864:
762:
677:
232:
125:
2660:
2133:
The First Two Nawabs Of Oudh (a Critical Study Based On Original Sources)
1508:
1135:
1050:
837:
806:
786:
645:
585:
216:
2386:
harvnb error: no target: CITEREFImperial_Gazetteer_of_India_vol._V1908 (
633:. The Nawab of Oudh, one of the richest princes, paid for and erected a
1918:
1323:
1273:
1269:
1027:
1023:
947:
868:
798:
766:
657:
204:
514:
1945:
1192:
1035:
915:
907:
849:
502:
1110:, was deposed, and Oudh State was annexed to the territories of the
938:
to expand Oudh as a buffer state against Maratha interests. Done by
2298:
A New Look at Modern Indian History (From 1707 to the Modern Times)
1965:
1961:
1957:
1949:
1914:
1891:
1875:
1261:
1018:
and British demands for greater revenue from the Company, in 1801,
981:
924:
794:
758:
750:
734:
614:
252:
224:
212:
162:
38:
2381:
859:, extended Oudh's control of the Mughal emperor. He was appointed
621:. At par existed a Maratha embassy, in the Oudh court, led by the
2033:"Oudh – definition of Oudh in English from the Oxford dictionary"
1953:
1934:
1871:
1196:
977:
790:
742:
725:
719:
618:
228:
220:
168:
156:
2252:
A History of Modern India 1480–1950 (Anthem South Asian Studies)
2059:
Splendours of the Raj: British Architecture in India, 1660–1947.
749:, consolidating Oudh as a state. In 1728, Oudh further acquired
2808:
1969:
1910:
1898:
1887:
985:
911:
860:
836:, the rulers of Oudh gradually affirmed their own sovereignty.
829:
825:
802:
777:. He attempted to negotiate with Nader Shah but died in Delhi.
626:
1264:. But the dynasty also belonged from the paternal line to the
1982:
1930:
1883:
1280:
1171:
1043:
845:
746:
703:
698:
622:
581:
573:
538:
404:
115:
31:
1312:
Borhan al-Molk Mir Mohammad Amin Musawi Saʾadat ʾAli Khan I
1879:
1253:
951:
599:
1150:
After the rebellion, Oudh's territory was merged with the
701:
during his administrative reforms of 1572–1580. A Mughal
1047:
that the British later justified the annexation of Oudh.
42:
2222:
Advanced Study in the History of Modern India: 1707-1813
765:. In 1739 Saadat Khan mobilized Oudh to defend against
741:. He immediately subdued the autonomous Shaikhzadas of
693:
was one of the initial 12 subahs (later expanded to 15
2610:. Bennett, Coleman & Company. 1942. p. 1286.
840:
went as far as to control the ruler of Delhi, putting
637:
as a part of a wider programme of civic improvements.
2443:
The Feudatory and zemindari India, Volume 17, Issue 2
644:. In the course of this uprising, detachments of the
606:
entering Bengal and decisively defeating Oudh at the
27:
Polity in the Awadh region of North India (1732–1856)
541:
879:Since Oudh was located in a prosperous region, the
535:
2789:
1886:. During this period the land on the banks of the
1134:, the wife of Wajid Ali Shah proclaimed their son
820:began to dissolve in the early 18th century, many
2136:. Lucknow: The Upper India Publishing House, Ltd.
1956:were important pilgrimage sites for followers of
1126:Between 5 July 1857 and 3 March 1858, during the
2858:
2146:
2090:
1252:The first ruler of Oudh State belonged to the
874:
737:of Oudh Subah on 9 September 1722, succeeding
37:"Oudh" redirects here. For the Oudh tree, see
1064:in May 1816. Three years later, in 1819, the
914:and the cession of the provinces of Kora and
668:became the North Western Provinces and Oudh.
2757:International Journal of Middle East Studies
2658:
2179:
1118:on the grounds of alleged internal misrule.
809:with Mughal military aid which was ruled by
697:by the end of Akbar's reign) established by
576:, then an independent kingdom, and lastly a
2377:
2375:
2347:
2295:
2273:
2271:
2245:
2243:
2241:
2219:
1921:, and promoted Shia as the state religion.
1170:and continued as a province in independent
1121:
610:in 1764, Oudh fell into the British orbit.
2355:The Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition
2328:Proceedings of the Indian History Congress
2325:
2129:
97:
2291:
2289:
2249:
2185:
1909:The Nawabs of Oudh were descended from a
898:British dominance was established at the
41:. For the Arabic musical instrument, see
2372:
2321:
2319:
2317:
2277:
2268:
2238:
2140:
1890:suffered frequent dry spells, while the
1091:Mutineer's Cavalry at Alam Bagh, Lucknow
1086:
681:
513:
501:
2887:British administration in Uttar Pradesh
2382:Imperial Gazetteer of India vol. V 1908
396:62,072 km (23,966 sq mi)
14:
2859:
2754:
2685:
2400:
2286:
1256:Muslim Sayyid Family and descended of
1191:The following were feudatory estates —
1158:. In 1902, the latter was renamed the
2739:Defence Journal, Volume 5, Issues 2-4
2494:
2343:
2341:
2314:
2215:
2213:
2097:. New India Publishing. p. 237.
1082:
954:region, only leaving the independent
2897:1816 establishments in British India
2712:
2694:from the original on 13 January 2013
2614:from the original on 9 February 2024
2450:from the original on 9 February 2024
2409:from the original on 13 January 2013
2300:(32 ed.). S. Chand Publishing.
2198:from the original on 9 February 2024
2167:from the original on 9 February 2024
2153:. Palgrave Macmillan. pp. 39–.
2147:Sarvepalli Gopal (15 October 1993).
2094:Town Planning Regeneration of Cities
1174:until finally becoming the state of
789:moved the capital of the state from
2667:from the original on 27 August 2018
2573:
2280:The Indian Princes and their States
2186:Whitworth, George Clifford (1885).
1186:
773:, ultimately being captured in the
24:
2586:from the original on 20 March 2023
2549:"Itaunja – Raipur Ekdaria (Taluq)"
2338:
2296:Grover, B.L.; Mehta, Alka (2018).
2210:
2194:. K. Paul, Trench. pp. 301–.
2130:Srivastava, Ashirbadi Lal (1933).
1481:Naser ad-Dowla Amjad ʾAli Thorayya
25:
2908:
2801:
2663:. Avadh Cultural Club (Lucknow).
2476:from the original on 4 March 2016
2403:"Princely States of India – Oudh"
2111:from the original on 3 March 2018
2091:Ashutosh Joshi (1 January 2008).
1164:United Provinces of British India
1160:United Provinces of Agra and Oudh
1154:, forming the larger province of
887:
103:The Kingdom of Oudh in 1856 (red)
2807:
1467:Moʾin ad-Din Abu'l-Fath Mohammad
1324:Abu'l Mansur Mohammad Moqim Khan
1156:North-Western Provinces and Oudh
1095:On 7 February 1856, by order of
961:
906:and the deposed nawab of Bengal
832:as well as with the rise of the
780:
531:
484:
470:
466:North-Western Provinces and Oudh
445:
431:
82:
70:
2783:
2748:
2731:
2706:
2679:
2652:
2626:
2607:The Indian Year Book, Volume 29
2598:
2567:
2541:
2515:
2488:
2462:
2434:
2421:
2394:
2363:
2348:Davies, C. Collin (1960–2005).
2250:Markovits, Claude, ed. (2005).
1865:
1272:. They were renowned for their
999:
2123:
2084:
2064:
2051:
2025:
1279:All rulers used the title of '
13:
1:
2282:. Cambridge University Press.
2278:Ramusack, Barbara N. (2004).
2072:Battles of the Indian Mutiny,
2061:New York: Penguin Books, 1987
2019:
1433:Padshah-e Awadh, Shah-e Zaman
1424:Ghazi ad-Din Rafaʾat ad-Dowla
1412:Saʾadat ʾAli Khan II Bahadur
1181:
1060:The kingdom became a British
2495:Bayly, C. A. (19 May 1988).
1517:
1453:Naser ad-Din Haydar Solayman
1410:Yamin ad-Dowla Nazem al-Molk
1359:Jalal ad-Din Shojaʾ ad-Dowla
7:
2790:Surya Narain Singh (2003).
2220:Jaswant Lal, Mehta (2005).
2003:Oudh and Rohilkhand Railway
1975:
1495:Naser ad-Din ʾAbd al-Mansur
875:British contact and control
805:, and annexing portions of
613:The capital of Oudh was in
10:
2913:
1904:
1426:Abul-Mozaffar Haydar Khan
1245:
1112:British East India Company
965:
891:
881:British East India Company
717:were further divided into
675:
671:
604:British East India Company
339:• Annexation of Oudh
36:
29:
2769:10.1017/S0020743801001015
2580:Rajput Provinces of India
1968:was also revered by some
1497:Mohammad Wajed ʾAli Shah
1430:
1422:
1365:
1357:
1340:
1322:
1302:
1241:
1166:. In 1937, it became the
1162:. In 1921, it became the
410:
400:
395:
390:
386:
375:• Merger of Oudh to
373:
360:
347:
337:
326:• Independence from
324:
320:
312:
308:
295:
282:
278:
268:
238:
200:
178:
149:
108:
96:
66:
61:
52:
2877:History of Uttar Pradesh
2867:Princely states of India
2688:"List of rulers of Oudh"
1923:Ghazi-ud-Din Haidar Shah
1771:James Caulfield (interí)
1703:Richard Charles Strachey
1128:Indian Rebellion of 1857
1122:Indian Rebellion of 1857
1066:Ghazi-ud-Din Haidar Shah
745:and Raja Mohan Singh of
642:Indian rebellion of 1857
631:Second Anglo-Maratha War
2713:Cole, J. R. I. (1989).
2470:"Balrampur (Taluqdari)"
2224:. Sterling Publishers.
2008:Oudh and Tirhut Railway
1998:List of Indian monarchs
1647:George Frederick Cherry
1152:North Western Provinces
1114:under the terms of the
785:In 1740, his successor
666:North Western Provinces
377:North-Western Provinces
2820:Heraldry of Oudh State
2794:. Mittal Publications.
2690:. Worldstatesmen.org.
2405:. Worldstatesmen.org.
2359:. Leiden: E. J. Brill.
1747:Thomas Herbert Maddock
1366:Nawab Wazir al-Mamalik
1330:Nawab Wazir al-Mamalik
1092:
1038:under the pressure of
958:as a Rohilla enclave.
687:
522:
511:
2659:B. S. Saxena (1974).
1917:in Persia. They were
1839:William Henry Sleeman
1397:Mirza Wazir ʾAli Khan
1090:
811:Muhammad Khan Bangash
685:
517:
505:
247:provincial government
179:Common languages
2816:at Wikimedia Commons
2792:The Kingdom of Awadh
2634:"Pratapgarh (Taluq)"
2429:The princes of India
635:Residency in Lucknow
2839: /
2529:on 29 November 2013
2039:on 9 September 2015
1725:Felix Vincent Raper
1681:John Ulrich Collins
1591:Nathaniel Middleton
1586:1781 (second time)
1564:1779 (second time)
1558:Nathaniel Middleton
1536:Nathaniel Middleton
1384:Asaf ad-Dowla Amani
1276:and broad outlook.
1074:Marquis of Hastings
944:Nathaniel Middleton
2640:on 31 October 2014
2574:Rathore, Abhinay.
2070:Michael Edwardes,
1993:Begum Hazrat Mahal
1960:and other Dharmic
1826:Archibald Richmond
1608:1783 (third time)
1597:1782 (third time)
1132:Begum Hazrat Mahal
1093:
1083:British annexation
1068:took the title of
1020:Saadat Ali Khan II
1005:Saadat Ali Khan II
842:Ahmad Shah Bahadur
688:
656:After the British
523:
512:
508:Saadat Ali Khan II
140:British protection
2812:Media related to
2508:978-0-521-31054-3
2160:978-1-85649-050-4
1863:
1862:
1815:T. Reid Davidson
1804:J. D. Shakespear
1736:Mordaunt Ricketts
1515:
1514:
1231:Pratapgarh Estate
1226:Nanpara Taluqdari
1145:Siege of Cawnpore
1116:Doctrine of lapse
1022:ceded the entire
936:First Rohilla War
771:invasion of India
731:Saadat Ali Khan I
707:was divided into
662:Doctrine of Lapse
520:Nasiruddin Haider
500:
499:
496:
495:
492:
491:
458:
457:
351:Siege of Cawnpore
297:• 1847–1856
289:Saadat Ali Khan I
284:• 1722–1739
16:(Redirected from
2904:
2872:History of Awadh
2854:
2853:
2851:
2850:
2849:
2844:
2840:
2837:
2836:
2835:
2832:
2811:
2796:
2795:
2787:
2781:
2780:
2752:
2746:
2745:
2735:
2729:
2728:
2710:
2704:
2703:
2701:
2699:
2683:
2677:
2676:
2674:
2672:
2656:
2650:
2649:
2647:
2645:
2636:. Archived from
2630:
2624:
2623:
2621:
2619:
2602:
2596:
2595:
2593:
2591:
2571:
2565:
2564:
2562:
2560:
2551:. Archived from
2545:
2539:
2538:
2536:
2534:
2525:. Archived from
2523:"Bhadri (Taluq)"
2519:
2513:
2512:
2492:
2486:
2485:
2483:
2481:
2466:
2460:
2459:
2457:
2455:
2438:
2432:
2427:William Barton,
2425:
2419:
2418:
2416:
2414:
2398:
2392:
2391:
2379:
2370:
2367:
2361:
2360:
2345:
2336:
2335:
2323:
2312:
2311:
2293:
2284:
2283:
2275:
2266:
2265:
2254:. Anthem Press.
2247:
2236:
2235:
2217:
2208:
2207:
2205:
2203:
2183:
2177:
2176:
2174:
2172:
2144:
2138:
2137:
2127:
2121:
2120:
2118:
2116:
2088:
2082:
2068:
2062:
2057:Davies, Philip,
2055:
2049:
2048:
2046:
2044:
2035:. Archived from
2029:
1852:Sir James Outram
1714:John.R. Monckton
1635:Edward Otto Ives
1522:
1521:
1286:
1285:
1260:originated from
1203:Balrampur Estate
1187:Feudatory states
1168:United Provinces
1097:Governor-General
1014:In light of the
918:to Mughal ruler
855:The next nawab,
775:Battle of Karnal
713:, or districts.
551:Kingdom of Awadh
548:
547:
544:
543:
540:
537:
488:
487:
474:
473:
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356:5 – 25 June 1857
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18:Kingdom of Awadh
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2555:on 10 July 2015
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1941:taken in 1825.
1939:Third Oudh Loan
1925:instituted the
1907:
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1624:Gabriel Harper
1613:William Palmer
1520:
1511:(in rebellion)
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1030:as well as the
1016:Napoleonic Wars
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900:Battle of Buxar
896:
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1258:Musa al-Kadhim
1248:Nawabs of Oudh
1246:Main article:
1243:
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1236:Tulsipur State
1233:
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1217:Itaunja Estate
1215:
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1108:Wajid Ali Shah
1100:Lord Dalhousie
1084:
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1040:Lord Wellesley
1009:Sir John Shore
1001:
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904:Shuja-ud-Daula
894:Shuja-ud-Daula
889:
888:Shuja-ud-Daula
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834:Maratha Empire
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1341:Subadar Nawab
1339:
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1211:
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1207:Benares State
1205:
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1176:Uttar Pradesh
1173:
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962:Asaf-ud-Daula
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818:Mughal empire
814:
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781:Establishment
778:
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651:Oudh campaign
647:
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638:
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628:
624:
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616:
611:
609:
605:
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596:Mughal Empire
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528:
521:
516:
509:
504:
483:
481:
480:Benares State
478:
477:
469:
467:
464:
463:
460:
454:
453:Chero dynasty
451:
444:
443:
440:
439:Mughal Empire
437:
430:
429:
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425:
422:
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417:
414:
413:
409:
406:
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394:
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368:
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364:Oudh campaign
359:
355:
352:
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336:
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328:Mughal Empire
323:
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137:
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130:Mughal Empire
127:
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120:Mughal Empire
117:
114:
113:
111:
107:
100:
95:
85:
73:
65:
60:
51:
48:
44:
40:
33:
19:
2848:26.78; 82.13
2824:
2791:
2785:
2760:
2756:
2750:
2742:
2738:
2733:
2714:
2708:
2696:. Retrieved
2686:Ben Cahoon.
2681:
2669:. Retrieved
2654:
2642:. Retrieved
2638:the original
2628:
2616:. Retrieved
2606:
2600:
2588:. Retrieved
2579:
2569:
2557:. Retrieved
2553:the original
2543:
2531:. Retrieved
2527:the original
2517:
2497:
2490:
2478:. Retrieved
2464:
2452:. Retrieved
2442:
2436:
2431:. Delhi 1983
2428:
2423:
2411:. Retrieved
2401:Ben Cahoon.
2396:
2384:, p. 72
2365:
2353:
2331:
2327:
2297:
2279:
2251:
2221:
2200:. Retrieved
2191:
2181:
2169:. Retrieved
2149:
2142:
2132:
2125:
2113:. Retrieved
2093:
2086:
2071:
2066:
2058:
2053:
2041:. Retrieved
2037:the original
2027:
2013:Oudh Bequest
1983:Awadh region
1943:
1927:Oudh Bequest
1919:Shia Muslims
1908:
1896:
1869:
1866:Demographics
1782:William Nott
1692:John Baillie
1602:John Bristow
1580:John Bristow
1547:John Bristow
1441:19 Oct 1827
1432:
1372:26 Jan 1775
1336:13 May 1753
1278:
1266:Kara Koyunlu
1251:
1221:Kohra Estate
1190:
1155:
1149:
1139:
1125:
1094:
1078:
1069:
1062:protectorate
1059:
1049:
1031:
1013:
1003:
1000:Later rulers
994:
973:
971:
956:Rampur State
931:
929:
920:Shah Alam II
897:
878:
865:Shah Alam II
854:
821:
815:
784:
763:Mahabat Khan
724:
718:
714:
708:
702:
694:
690:
689:
678:Oudh Bequest
655:
639:
629:, until the
612:
593:
589:
566:
562:
558:
554:
550:
526:
524:
421:Succeeded by
420:
415:
369:3 March 1858
233:Christianity
215:(majority),
193:(regional),
189:(official),
126:Vassal state
89:Coat of arms
47:
2846: /
2763:(1): 1–21.
2115:13 February
2074:Pan, 1963,
2043:1 September
1509:Berjis Qadr
1488:13 Feb 1847
1477:13 Feb 1847
1474:17 May 1842
1463:17 May 1842
1446:19 Oct 1827
1438:19 Oct 1818
1420:19 Oct 1818
1417:11 Jul 1814
1406:11 Jul 1814
1403:21 Jan 1798
1393:21 Jan 1798
1390:21 Sep 1797
1380:21 Sep 1797
1377:26 Jan 1775
1369:15 Feb 1762
1355:15 Feb 1762
1347:5 Oct 1754
1333:28 Apr 1748
1320:28 Apr 1748
1317:19 Mar 1739
1309:19 Mar 1739
1292:Reign Start
1199:— of Oudh:
1136:Birjis Qadr
1051:Farrukhabad
838:Safdar Jang
807:Farrukhabad
787:Safdar Jang
646:Bombay Army
602:. With the
586:North India
567:Awadh State
559:Awadh Subah
416:Preceded by
261:(1816–1858)
255:(1722–1816)
249:(1572–1722)
217:Sunni Islam
171:(1775–1858)
165:(1740–1775)
159:(1722–1740)
142:(1816–1856)
132:(1722–1816)
122:(1572–1722)
2861:Categories
2814:Oudh State
2357:(12 vols.)
2334:(455–460).
2171:9 November
2020:References
1913:line from
1569:C. Purling
1505:3 Mar 1858
1502:5 Jul 1857
1491:7 Feb 1856
1469:ʾAli Shah
1460:7 Jul 1837
1449:7 Jul 1837
1352:5 Oct 1754
1344:5 Nov 1753
1274:secularism
1270:Qara Yusuf
1209:until 1740
1193:taluqdaris
1182:Government
1028:Lower Doab
1024:Rohilkhand
966:See also:
948:Rohilkhand
892:See also:
869:Bengal War
799:Rohtasgarh
767:Nader Shah
691:Oudh Subah
676:See also:
658:annexation
584:region of
563:Oudh Subah
527:Oudh State
239:Government
205:Shia Islam
183:Hindustani
2777:155865344
2559:4 October
2533:4 October
2480:4 October
1962:religions
1946:Allahabad
1894:did not.
1518:Residents
1483:Jah Shah
1455:Jah Shah
1295:Reign End
1178:in 1950.
1036:Gorakhpur
916:Allahabad
908:Mir Kasim
850:Allahabad
201:Religion
62:1572–1856
2698:8 August
2692:Archived
2665:Archived
2618:6 August
2612:Archived
2590:14 March
2584:Archived
2474:Archived
2454:4 August
2448:Archived
2446:. 1937.
2413:8 August
2407:Archived
2196:Archived
2165:Archived
2109:Archived
1976:See also
1966:Bahraich
1958:Hinduism
1950:Varanasi
1915:Nishapur
1892:Baiswara
1876:Varanasi
1759:John Low
1268:through
1262:Nishapur
1197:parganas
982:Ghazipur
932:de facto
925:Marathas
828:and the
795:Faizabad
759:Azamgarh
751:Varanasi
735:Subahdar
720:Parganas
615:Faizabad
569:) was a
401:Currency
253:Monarchy
225:Buddhism
213:Hinduism
209:official
163:Faizabad
116:Province
39:agarwood
2834:82°08′E
2831:26°47′N
2644:20 June
2350:"Awadh"
2202:13 July
2188:"Subah"
1970:Muslims
1954:Ayodhya
1935:Karbala
1905:Culture
1872:Lucknow
1361:Haydar
1070:Badshah
990:Jaunpur
978:Benares
974:sarkars
816:As the
791:Ayodhya
755:Jaunpur
743:Lucknow
715:Sarkars
710:Sarkars
672:History
625:of the
619:Lucknow
594:As the
580:in the
549:, also
362:•
349:•
313:History
291:(first)
245:Mughal
229:Sikhism
221:Jainism
195:English
187:Persian
169:Lucknow
157:Ayodhya
150:Capital
128:of the
118:of the
2775:
2721:
2671:2 July
2505:
2304:
2258:
2228:
2157:
2101:
2078:
1952:, and
1911:Sayyid
1899:Hindus
1888:Yamuna
1431:King (
1242:Rulers
1102:, the
1055:Rampur
1032:sarkar
988:, and
986:Chunar
912:Chunar
830:Deccan
826:Bengal
822:subahs
803:Chunar
726:Mahals
695:subahs
664:, the
627:Peshwa
590:Oudhe.
571:Mughal
518:Nawab
506:Nawab
316:
304:(last)
274:
191:Awadhi
138:under
109:Status
2773:S2CID
1931:Najaf
1884:Delhi
1859:1856
1846:1854
1832:1849
1821:1847
1818:1845
1810:1845
1807:1844
1799:1844
1788:1843
1777:1841
1766:1842
1753:1831
1742:1827
1731:1823
1720:1820
1709:1817
1698:1815
1687:1807
1676:1804
1665:1799
1654:1796
1641:1794
1630:1785
1627:1784
1619:1784
1616:1783
1575:1780
1553:1776
1542:1774
1528:Start
1298:Name
1289:Title
1281:Nawab
1172:India
1044:subah
861:vazir
846:subah
747:Tiloi
704:Subah
699:Akbar
623:Vakil
582:Awadh
574:subah
405:Rupee
270:Nawab
56:Awadh
32:Awadh
2719:ISBN
2700:2014
2673:2014
2646:2024
2620:2014
2592:2023
2561:2015
2535:2015
2503:ISBN
2482:2015
2456:2014
2415:2014
2388:help
2302:ISBN
2256:ISBN
2226:ISBN
2204:2020
2173:2019
2155:ISBN
2117:2016
2099:ISBN
2076:ISBN
2045:2015
1933:and
1882:and
1880:Agra
1874:and
1856:1854
1843:1849
1837:Sir
1829:1847
1796:1843
1785:1841
1774:1839
1763:1831
1750:1829
1739:1823
1728:1820
1717:1818
1706:1815
1695:1807
1684:1804
1673:1799
1662:1796
1651:1794
1638:1785
1605:1782
1594:1781
1583:1780
1572:1779
1561:1776
1550:1774
1539:1773
1531:End
1525:Name
1306:1722
1254:Shia
1140:Wali
1138:the
1053:and
1026:and
952:Doab
801:and
600:Doab
525:The
391:Area
382:1859
343:1856
333:1722
185:and
77:Flag
54:Oudh
2765:doi
1283:'.
1195:or
1034:of
976:of
863:to
848:of
793:to
769:'s
729:.
723:or
565:or
211:),
43:Oud
2863::
2771:.
2761:33
2759:.
2582:.
2578:.
2472:.
2374:^
2352:.
2340:^
2332:75
2330:.
2316:^
2288:^
2270:^
2240:^
2212:^
2190:.
2163:.
2107:.
1972:.
1948:,
1901:.
1147:.
1130:,
1106:,
1076:.
984:,
980:,
871:.
813:.
761:,
753:,
653:.
561:,
557:,
553:,
539:aʊ
231:,
227:,
223:,
219:,
2779:.
2767::
2727:.
2702:.
2675:.
2648:.
2622:.
2594:.
2563:.
2537:.
2511:.
2484:.
2458:.
2417:.
2390:)
2310:.
2264:.
2234:.
2206:.
2175:.
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2047:.
1435:)
545:/
542:d
536:ˈ
533:/
529:(
510:.
207:(
45:.
34:.
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