524:
are reserved to the national government. In areas where both levels have concurrent powers there is a complex set of rules in the event of a conflict between national and provincial legislation. Generally in such a case the provincial legislation prevails, but national legislation may prescribe standards and frameworks for provinces to follow, and may prevent provinces from adversely affecting national interests or the interests of other provinces. The functional areas in which the provincial governments have powers include agriculture, arts and culture, primary and secondary education, the environment and tourism, health, housing, roads and transport, and social welfare.
25:
523:
describes the division of power between the national government and the provincial governments, listing those "functional areas" of government that are exclusively reserved to the provincial governments and those where both levels of government have concurrent powers; the remaining areas not listed
687:
generally being the domain of state governments (although the
Federal government often works with states in these areas). Large portions of the welfare state in the United States are administered by the states as well which means that levels of social services vary from state to state. This has
209:
has settled a number of disputes concerning the extent of the
Commonwealth's legislative powers, some of which have been controversial and extensively criticised; these included a dispute in 1982 over whether the Commonwealth was entitled to designate land for national heritage purposes under
159:, are not the subject of this article. Many people confuse the state with city governments, and while a small ticket or small crime will be overlooked by the federal government and handled by the state or city government, that are not the same.
271:. Unlike the Canadian lieutenant-governors, a state governor is appointed by the Monarch on the advice of the state government, not the federal government. Every state also has a
132:". Most federations designate their federal units "state" or the equivalent term in the local language; however, in some federations, other designations are used such as
321:, who is not only the chairman of a state government but also the representative of the federal government and responsible for the enforcement of federal legislation.
189:
power between the states and the
Commonwealth (federal) government. The Commonwealth government is given a variety of legislative powers, including control of
699:. Puerto Rico is treated in a manner similar to a state in many areas but in others is quite different. Most notably it does not have representation in the
272:
246:
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35:
805:
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The reference to "state" denotes country subdivisions that are officially or widely known as "states", and should not be confused with a "
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nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively, making the United States a decentralized federation.
147:
Provinces are usually divisions of unitary states but occasionally the designation is also given to the federal units such as the
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The states are sovereign entities in their own right and maintain much control over their internal affairs with issues such as
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models of federalism is that, in
Australia, the Commonwealth Parliament has explicit constitutional power over
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341:
121:, or be subject to the direct control of the federal government. This relationship may be defined by a
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although the name of the legislative body as a whole varies between the states (the most common are
441:, States are constituent political entities of which there are currently 36. States have an elected
197:(although this cannot discriminate between states or parts of states), and regulation of interstate
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and legislature and broad powers in some areas. Powers not given to the states belong to the
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when the two conflict due to a number of constitutional clauses and judicial precedents.
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in which the executive is dependent on and accountable to the legislature. The unicameral
214:
agreements, as well as numerous disputes over the extent of the
Commonwealth's power over
43:
8:
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exerce legislative authority. In 49 states out of 50 as well as three of the inhabited
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The High Court and the
Meaning of 'Marriage' in Section 51(xxi) of the Constitution
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but its government system possesses a strong similarity to a federal one. The
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of parliamentary government; the head of government, known in each state as a
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legislation; this has been a focal point for recent controversies over
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16:
Government of a country subdivision in a federal form of government
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438:
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144:, designating greater powers to some federal units than others.
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with the houses commonly, though not exclusively being styled
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which have their own elected governments. Chapter Six of the
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539:, and the legislature in turn elects one of its members as
394:. The legislative structure consists of a directly-elected
205:. Since the original ratification of the constitution, the
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The provincial governments are structured according to a
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The
Provincial Governments are each headed formally by a
490:
similar to that of the
Federal government of Pakistan .
181:
nation with six states (and two mainland territories).
577:
of the U.S. created the federal government. Under the
117:. A state government may have some level of political
688:
sometimes been controversial, such as in the case of
482:
but for practical purposes power is exercised by the
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and, in the case of 6 states, an indirectly-elected
247:
Parliaments of the
Australian states and territories
923:. Parliament of India. 25 January 1974. p. 25.
512:does not describe the state as federal or unitary.
382:, the executive power of a state is vested in its
832:(2000) 24(3) Melbourne University Law Review 839.
733:retaining limited reliance upon the United States
475:are the federal units. There are currently four.
386:; however, the real executive power rests with a
932:
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612:of their state's respective military structure.
717:debate as to the future status of the territory
543:to head the executive. The Premier appoints an
332:has sixteen states with their own governments.
737:full independence with no special relationship
725:maintenance of the autonomous territory status
585:, all governmental powers not granted to the
402:. The judicial setup consists of the state's
32:The examples and perspective in this article
406:and the district courts subordinate to it.
267:) and performs the ceremonial duties of a
225:One difference between the Australian and
783:Section 51 of the Australian Constitution
183:Section 51 of the Australian Constitution
70:Learn how and when to remove this message
587:Federal government of the United States
573:Unlike many other federal systems, the
299:, is drawn from the state parliament.
291:counterparts, Australian states have a
240:
933:
561:State governments of the United States
537:party-list proportional representation
500:Provincial governments of South Africa
565:The United States is divided into 50
504:South Africa is usually considered a
803:A View of the External Affairs Power
705:Resident Commissioner of Puerto Rico
287:) was abolished in 1922. Like their
155:. Their governments, which are also
18:
951:Governments of country subdivisions
169:States and territories of Australia
13:
844:, Australian Parliamentary Library
792:at the American parliament website
551:of the provincial administration.
463:Provincial Governments of Pakistan
14:
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251:Premiers of the Australian states
618:Territories of the United States
593:generally takes preference over
554:
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855:, Queensland Parliament website
828:Melbourne University Law Review
764:List of U.S. state legislatures
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283:, where the upper chamber (the
918:The Code of Criminal Procedure
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255:Each state of Australia has a
1:
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515:South Africa is divided into
666:United States Virgin Islands
521:Constitution of South Africa
510:Constitution of South Africa
358:, state governments are the
317:(state parliament) elects a
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46:, discuss the issue on the
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342:State governments of India
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822:Creighton, Breen (2000).
812:, Samuel Griffith Society
719:with proposals including
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185:sets out the division of
175:Commonwealth of Australia
638:House of Representatives
626:Northern Mariana Islands
335:
801:Barwick, Sir Garfield,
451:Constitution of Nigeria
368:eight union territories
279:parliament, except for
207:High Court of Australia
140:. Some federations are
701:United States Congress
632:), the legislature is
533:provincial legislature
157:provincial governments
149:Provinces of Argentina
956:Political terminology
905:Constitution of India
892:Constitution of India
879:Constitution of India
866:Constitution of India
604:are directly elected
569:, which comprise the
473:Provinces of Pakistan
380:Constitution of India
275:; most states have a
259:, who represents the
529:parliamentary system
488:parliamentary system
396:legislative assembly
388:Council of Ministers
241:Government structure
220:industrial relations
52:create a new article
44:improve this article
34:may not represent a
903:Article 214 of the
890:Article 168 of the
877:Article 163 of the
864:Article 153 of the
713:Puerto Rican people
571:federated polities.
480:Provincial Governor
400:legislative council
285:Legislative Council
115:national government
808:2013-04-24 at the
788:2011-10-14 at the
754:Confederated state
727:, or some form of
690:Medicaid expansion
614:State legislatures
610:commander in chief
447:federal government
293:Westminster system
103:form of government
709:autonomous region
583:U.S. Constitution
545:Executive Council
433:States of Nigeria
423:also has states.
309:States of Austria
261:King of Australia
235:same-sex marriage
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498:Main article:
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622:Puerto Rico
591:Federal law
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265:Charles III
263:(currently
216:trade union
187:legislative
92:subdivision
60:August 2017
946:Government
941:Federalism
935:Categories
770:References
674:unicameral
652:or simply
559:See also:
461:See also:
449:under the
431:See also:
404:high court
376:Puducherry
350:State List
346:Union List
340:See also:
281:Queensland
273:parliament
245:See also:
142:asymmetric
88:government
634:bicameral
602:governors
595:State law
364:28 states
277:bicameral
163:Australia
109:with the
48:talk page
806:Archived
786:Archived
743:See also
731:(either
711:for the
662:Nebraska
469:Pakistan
457:Pakistan
443:Governor
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138:Republic
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581:to the
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439:Nigeria
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