126:
31:
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719:. In 1574 he was in prison there, presumably because of religious reasons. The authorities felt sorry for him, because he was an elderly gentleman, and apparently depressed. They therefore proposed to release him, also because of the hardship imprisonment caused him and his wife Grete Cassens, as they had to provide for his own cost of living. The proposal was considered by the
495:
moment's repose, and as if I had not had sufficient occupation in this affair, a madman called
Velsius, to whom you had written twice, involved us in new fooleries. But we have devoted only two days to this importunity. I am continually distracted up to this moment, in appeasing those dissentions which, from the long lapse of time, have struck deep root.
726:, who had a conversation with Velsius, and referred it to the bishop, who charged the dean of the cathedral to look into it. On 24 August 1574 the bishop endorsed Velsius' release. However, Velsius refused to leave prison, because he only wanted to be released by God's grace, not by human intervention. This unusual situation lasted until May 1575, when
696:. According to Grindal in the end he fell mad, so neither of those miracles stood the test of further investigation. Bishop Grindal wrote a rebuttal, showing that Velsius' teachings were against orthodox doctrine. Velsius was summoned before the ecclesiastical commission, consisting of Bishop Grindal, the Bishop of Winchester
691:
He also wrote a letter to the French
Ambassador denouncing the vengeance of God on all who refused to receive his propositions. In his letter to the Queen, Velsius claimed to have confirmed his calling by performing miracles. The servant to the ambassador, Cosmus, fasted five or six days by Velsius'
116:
in Leuven, Strasbourg, and
Cologne. Later on he portrayed himself as a prophet, and promoted his own particular view of Christianity, outlined in a pamphlet "Christiani Hominis Norma" which he wrote in London. He came into conflict with civil and ecclesiastical authorities all over Europe, and spent
2033:
Bibliotheca
Coloniensis; in qua vita et libri typo vulgati et manuscripti recensentur omnium Archi-dioeceseos Coloniensis, ducatuum Westphaliae, Angariae ... indigenarum et incolarum scriptorum. Praemittitur chorographica descriptio omnium parochiarum ad Archi-dioeceseos Coloniensis hierarchiam
558:
In May 1561 Velsius was in
Strasbourg. He wrote to Flinner (who had returned from Heidelberg) and the preachers, and to the council as well, submitting 20 propositions, probably the same ones as he announced in Heidelberg and in Frankfurt. These were not accepted, since they disagreed with the
494:
I have been dragged hither by the dissensions with which Satan has rent, for nearly two years, the little French church established here, and reduced to such extremities that it must have disappeared, unless some remedy had been very promptly applied. Since I entered the town I have not had a
340:
to support him, but
Viglius declined to get involved. Greatly offended by this refusal, Velsius apparently accused his friend of Protestant leanings, and severed all connections with his former friend. Because of this precedent the council adopted in 1555 a comprehensive directive against all
551:). The council referred his request to the Lutheran pastors, who on 2 August 1560 reported back that his book contained theses that were against orthodox doctrine. They also expressed concern that these doctrines could lead to unrest in the foreign churches in the city, as had
707:, who had a frank discussion with him, and charged him in the Queen's name to leave the kingdom. This he complained of in very rude words to the Queen, and predicted the death of the bishop of Winchester and other important public figures.
1292:
MarchâMay 1563. Included is a letter to Calvin with propositions contrary to Calvin's doctrines, with Horne's response; these may be the theses used at the
Frankfurt disputation. For transcripts of Grindal's paper, and Velsius' Norma, see
774:
Justus
Velsius is interesting because his life reflects so well the unsettled intellectual conditions of 16th-century Europe. His theological profile in the religious landscape is not clearly defined: first, he did not agree with
555:. On 18 March 1561 the council ordered Velsius to leave the city, since he had his book printed without permission. The innkeeper where he was boarding, Hansen Braun, was told to no longer allow him to stay in his house.
507:
On 5 August 1557 Velsius matriculated at
Heidelberg, and obtained a license to give public lectures in philosophy. In June 1558 this license was revoked by the Senate of the University at the orders of
684:
578:. He submitted a summary to the Council of the University, who considered it on 16 June. The council forwarded it to the Faculty of Theology, since it was outside their area of expertise.
1766:
1590:
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188:. The authorities balked, and in the ensuing controversy they forced Velsius, whose theological purity was suspect, out of the university. In 1542 he had failed in his bid to succeed
597:
responded on behalf of the council, pointing out that his criticism didn't apply since it was directed at Luther and at the Roman
Catholic Church. On 4 July Velsius had left town.
313:
was condemned by Cologne University, and Velsius' teaching license revoked (11 December 1554, confirmed 29 March 1555), since he did not distance himself from his writing. Emperor
117:
his final years as a preacher and faith healer in his native Holland. While in Cologne Velsius was married to Beatrix van Steenhoven, and later on, in Groningen, to Grete Cassens.
532:, and accused the pastor of being a false apostle and misleader of the prince and people. In November 1559 he was also disallowed to give private lectures, after intervention of
1288:, and his letters to Grindal, Queen Elizabeth, the French Ambassador, Cecil, and related papers from Grindal have been placed online on the website of the University of Hull,
271:, but was instead remunerated by the council. His compensation was increased in 1551 and 1552, and he was charged with teaching mathematics as well. Velsius and his colleague
1211:
Epistolae, aliaque quaedam scripta et vocationis suae rationem et totius Coloniensis negotii summam complectentia ( - Brevis verae christianaeque philosophiae descriptio)
1592:
Disputationum Adversus haereticos Liber unus: In quo sub propugnatione articulorum Iusto Velsio Coloniae propositorum omnes ferme huius seculi controuersiae discutiuntur
2320:
2310:
125:
298:
2315:
1983:
637:
243:, through the mediation of Bucer. Sometime before 17 October 1548 he married Beatrix van Steenhoven. When Velsius got in trouble because he accepted the
738:
In April 1570 he was again in Cologne and then traveled through the Netherlands as a Protestant preacher. In 1578, 1580 and 1581, he was in Leiden.
517:
272:
1870:
Gheschiedenissen ende handelingen die voornemelick aengaen de Nederduytsche natie ende gemeynten: wonende in Engelant ende int bysonder tot Londen
1789:
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Velsius refused to leave, and went voluntarily in detention, from December 1555 to the end of March 1556. He asked his influential friend
321:, the clergy and the university, urged the council in vain to take action against Velsius, who on 25 March 1555 had published a defense,
2245:
267:, and appointed Velsius professor of philosophy and Greek, in August 1550. Since Velsius was married, he could not obtain a university
2300:
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1843:
Gemeindeordnung und Kirchenzucht, Johannes a Lascos Kirchenordnung fĂŒr London (1555) und die refomierte Konfessionsbildung
2280:
1790:
Frankfurter Verein fĂŒr Geschichte und Landeskunde, Verein fĂŒr Geschichte und Altertumskunde in Frankfurt am Main (1858).
652:. Velsius opposed him publicly developing at length his idea that the perfection of Adam could be reached on earth after
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1851:
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at the end of August 1561, where he lectured at the medical school. However, he remained only a few months in Marburg.
2182:
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826:. Velsius' position about predestination is reminiscent of Servetus', and it is noteworthy that the Calvin-Velsius
2014:(in Dutch). Amsterdam: Weduwe van Joannes van Someren, Abraham Wolfgangh, Hendrick en Dirck Boom. pp. 21â23.
2204:
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In 1560 Velsius was back in Frankfurt. He asked the council for permission to have a book printed he had written
533:
404:
730:
required the jail to be vacated, since the adjacent castle had to be strengthened and readied for the garrison.
455:, and informed him of the revelations on which he wished to conduct a public dispute. Hearing of the arrival of
1926:
The history of the life and acts of the Most Reverend Father in God, Edmund Grindal, the first Bishop of London
537:
279:, drafted guidelines for a curriculum of eight grades, similar to Sturm's humanistic curriculum in Strasbourg.
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A month later, in June 1561, Velsius was in Basel. He was luckier there, at least he could count on
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Calvijns invloed op de reformatie in de Nederlanden: voor zooveel die door hemzelven is uitgeoefend
1562:
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because he spread theses that were against the Holy Scriptures. Velsius attacked the pastor of the
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264:
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1930:
1816:
1749:
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man could become God-in-man, like Christ. He sent copies of this pamphlet to the Bishop of London
1400:
1336:
1115:
Beschreibung Vrtheil des zumollobenden bewehrers vnd nachfolgers der waren Christlichen weyssheit
913:
665:
645:
356:
1430:
2275:
2169:
Klaus-Bernward Springer (2002). "Velsius (Velsen, Welsens), Justus". In Bautz, Traugott (ed.).
2011:
Oorsprongk, begin, en vervolgh der Nederlandsche oorlogen, beroerten, en borgelyke oneenigheden
701:
677:
237:
177:
2138:"The strange career of a humanist: The intellectual development of Justus Velsius (1502â1582)"
2137:
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2031:
1841:
1683:
1615:
1536:
1532:
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1302:
1298:
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856:, the founder of the Family of Love, and it seems likely that they may have known each other.
276:
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1953:
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871:
783:" and instead held on to the free will of man; on the other hand, he supported the Lutheran
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102:
552:
325:. Only after Velsius attempted to give theological lectures at his home, and rejected the
8:
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601:
567:
380:
260:
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Velsius matriculated at Cologne on 3 June 1550. The Council of Cologne wanted to build a
221:
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1924:
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1330:
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1821:(in German). Frankfurt: Gesellschaft fĂŒr Frankfurts Geschichte und Kunst. p. 255.
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on this subject took place less than three years after Servetus was executed outside
384:
318:
240:
683:
168:. Even though Velsius did not have a university position he held public lectures in
2073:
823:
819:
792:
727:
723:
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704:
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in the spring of 1550; he probably only gave up his Strasbourg canonicate in 1553.
244:
165:
1718:
1189:
Apologia Iusti Velsii Hagani, contra haereticae pravitatis appellatos Inquisitores
2118:
1814:
1235:
1209:
1161:
1135:
1113:
1071:
842:
621:
345:
1617:
Martin Bucer, Etudes Sur Les Relations de Bucer Avec Les Pays-Bas. II. Documents
1522:
1289:
853:
807:. He thought of himself as a messenger of God, sent to warn people for eternal
669:
605:
233:
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90:
30:
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2019:
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169:
98:
51:
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had taken place in the individual. Velsius wrote a summary of his religion
570:, with whom he had corresponded before, and advocates of tolerance such as
392:
197:
137:
113:
600:
On 1 August Velsius was back in Heidelberg, where he wrote a last time to
476:
1920:
1892:
1073:
Probabiliter disserendi ratio et via quae in Aristotelis Topicis traditur
827:
791:. Also, Velsius cannot be identified as Anabaptist, and is distinct from
720:
583:
487:
472:
456:
106:
1361:
DamiĂŁo de Gois: the life and thought of a Portuguese humanist, 1502-1574
367:
against Velsius and three other imprisoned people, whom he described as
838:
368:
352:
287:
283:
247:
and the resulting conflict with his Protestant colleagues, he moved to
193:
1771:(in German). Vol. 1. Mannheim: Tobias Löffler. pp. 277â282.
1651:
John Calvin:Selections from His Writings: Selections from His Writings
1425:
George of Trebizond: a biography and a study of his rhetoric and logic
586:, but Velsius declined after the council had refused a public debate.
1272:
1051:
De artium liberalium et Philosophiae Praecepta tradendi recta ratione
808:
784:
780:
560:
521:
444:
217:
94:
47:
1137:
De humanae vitae recta ratione ac via, seu de hominis Beatitudinibus
915:
Vtrvm In Medico Varia-rvm Artivm Ac Scien-tiarum cognitio requiratur
590:
835:
499:
On 15 April 1557 Velsius was expelled by the Council of Frankfurt.
460:
430:
330:
157:
74:
845:, or at the very least that they were aware of each other's work.
640:, the minister of the Dutch refugee church, who had died from the
479:
and Horne lasted two days; Velsius' argument boiled down to this:
387:. On the night of 26 to 27 March 1556 he was taken by boat across
372:
2171:
2120:
Martin Bucer: Ă©tudes sur les relations de Bucer avec les Pays-Bas
812:
751:
625:
609:
337:
268:
248:
149:
141:
2123:(in French). Vol. I. Leiden: E.J. Brill. pp. 321â344.
1793:
Archiv fĂŒr Frankfurts Geschichte und Kunst, Volume 2, Issues 5-8
2199:
2177:(in German). Vol. 20. Nordhausen: Bautz. cols. 1492â1495.
1989:
Prosopographiae heroum atque illustrium uirorum totius GermaniĂŠ
831:
649:
633:
306:
295:
153:
1723:(in German). Strassburg: C.F. Schmidt. pp. xxxviiâlxiii.
644:
in September 1563. Carinaeus had explained his thoughts about
593:, where he arrived the next day. He wrote to the council, and
463:, he offered the latter to preside. He proposed to defend the
112:
Velsius started his career as a highly respected professor of
763:
715:
Velsius returned to his native Holland, in April 1566 he was
388:
364:
360:
301:. Velsius' philosophical writings, in particular the work of
291:
205:
173:
1720:
Der Antheil der Strassburger an der Reformation in Churpfalz
536:, and was expelled by the Senate of the University. Velsius
1504:
Neff, Christian. (1958). Imbroich, Thomas von (1533â1558).
1268:
1815:
Frankfurter Verein fĂŒr Geschichte und Landeskunde (1860).
1647:
1029:
In Aristotelis de virtutibus librum Commentarium libri III
687:
Justus Velsius' signature on his letter to Queen Elizabeth
379:. Since in December 1555 he had declared to adhere to the
1796:(in German). Frankfurt: Heinrich Keller. pp. 79â80.
254:
1818:
Archiv fĂŒr Frankfurts Geschichte und Kunst, Issues 45-47
1688:(in German). Berlin: Heidelberg: Springer. p. 150.
1237:
Tabula totius philosophiae moralis thesaurum complectens
1007:
Simplicii omnium Aristotelis interpretum praestantissimi
848:
Velsius' teachings appear to be related to those of the
502:
490:, dated 17 September 1556, Calvin commented as follows:
2168:
1898:
Annals of the reformation and establishment of religion
1094:ÎÏÎčÏÎčÏ: Verae Christianaeqve Philosophiae comprobatoris
375:
intervened at the council on his behalf, in particular
692:
persuasion that after his abstinence he might receive
130:
De mathematicarum disciplinarum vario usu dignitateque
1873:(in Dutch). Utrecht: Kemink en Zoon. pp. 57â58.
1531:(in German). Vol. 4. Köln: L. Schwann. pp.
811:, and claimed to be able to confirm his teachings by
422:
2173:
Biographisch-Bibliographisches Kirchenlexikon (BBKL)
1510:
http://www.gameo.org/encyclopedia/contents/I475.html
426:
317:, who had become involved at the instigation of the
985:
In Cebetis Thebani Tabvlam Commentariorvm Libri Sex
2170:
1866:
1846:(in German). Leiden - Boston: Brill. p. 272.
1422:
818:It has been suggested that Velsius may have known
481:aut esse liberum arbitrium, aut Deum tyrannum esse
411:. In response Velsius wrote in September 1557 the
383:, Velsius was protected by the recently concluded
101:â after 1581 at an unknown location), was a Dutch
1960:(in Dutch). Groningen: E.B. van der Kamp: 56â74.
1267:De Wal suggested that Velsius may have been from
664:), in which he explained his notion that through
615:
483:(Either there is free will, or God is a tyrant).
180:and mathematics. In 1544 he proposed a course on
2212:
1506:Global Anabaptist Mennonite Encyclopedia Online.
941:De mathematicarum disciplinarum vario usu oratio
894:Ciceronis Academicarvm Qvaestionvm Liber Primvs
834:. Rembert suggests that Velsius may have known
333:, did the magistrate banish him in April 1555.
2321:Academic staff of the University of Strasbourg
2311:Academic staff of the Old University of Leuven
1982:
1192:. Frankfurt: Christian Egenolff (1556). 1556.
636:. Again he sought controversy, this time with
1764:
459:, who came to arbitrate conflicts within the
294:at the Pfaffengasse, where he met Anabaptist
2146:. GenĂšve: Librairie Droz. pp. 308â325.
2135:
1654:. Oxford University Press, USA. p. 60.
1613:
1357:
944:. Strasbourg: Cratonus Mylius (1544). 1544.
795:. What sets Velsius apart is that he taught
582:proposed a number of theses for an academic
417:Disputationes adversus haereticos liber unus
16:Dutch humanist, physician, and mathematician
2316:Academic staff of the University of Cologne
2143:Aspects de la propagande religieuse: Ă©tudes
2037:(in Latin). Gregg Press. pp. 212â213.
1468:(in German). Berlin: R. Gaertner. pp.
1364:. The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff. p. 57.
1130:
1032:. Cologne: Martinus Gymnicus (1551). 1551.
1010:. Basel: Michael Isingrinius (1551). 1551.
275:, who was instrumental in establishing the
1901:. Oxford: Clarendon Press. pp. 8â14.
1392:
876:. Antwerp: Matthaei Crommij (1541). 1541.
710:
549:The Summary of Christian Doctrine and Life
29:
2056:(in Dutch). Leiden: E.J. Brill. pp.
2026:
1564:Apologiae Iusti Velsii Hagani, confutatio
1420:
1396:Andreas Vesalius, the reformer of anatomy
1156:
1108:
1076:. Cologne: Arnold Birkmann (1554). 1554.
1066:
1054:. Cologne: Arnold Birkmann (1554). 1554.
966:. Basel: Joannes Hervagius (1545). 1545.
391:and put ashore on the other side, in the
164:, and maintained friendly relations with
148:in 1538 and settled down as physician in
2082:(in Dutch). Leiden: D. Donner. pp.
1567:(in Latin). Coloniae: Jasp. Gennepaeus.
1557:
1335:(in Dutch). Leiden: E.J. Brill. p.
1324:
1322:
1022:
866:
733:
682:
124:
2072:
1951:
1716:
1641:
1607:
1461:
1163:Epistola ad Ferdinandum Romanorum Regem
1000:
545:die Summa christlicher Lehre und Lebens
403:, addressed to the Emperor Charles and
2213:
2112:
1995:(in Latin). Basel: Nikolas Brylinger.
1919:
1891:
1839:
1585:
1465:Die "WiedertĂ€ufer" im Herzogtum JĂŒlich
1328:
1204:
888:
255:Cologne: prosecuted by the Inquisition
200:, after a short teaching stint at the
1681:
1648:Calvin, J.; Dillenberger, J. (1975).
1521:
1386:
1332:Nederlanders, studenten te Heidelberg
1319:
1182:
896:. Leuven: Servatius Zassenus (1542).
503:Heidelberg: trouble with the KurfĂŒrst
282:Velsius attended the meetings of the
2296:People of the Protestant Reformation
2049:
1929:. Oxford: Clarendon Press. pp.
978:
956:
407:. Slotanus replied in 1557 with the
232:. On 17 November 1545 he received a
2326:16th-century Protestant theologians
2008:Bor, Pieter Cristiaenszoon (1680).
2007:
1768:BeytrÀge zur PfÀlzischen Geschichte
1230:
1088:
1044:
934:
908:
216:From Easter 1544-50 Velsius taught
13:
1976:
1867:van Toorenenbergen, J. J. (1873).
873:Hippocratis Coi De insomniis liber
467:against the Calvinist doctrine of
423:Frankfurt: disputation with Calvin
14:
2337:
2246:16th-century Dutch mathematicians
2192:
1954:"Dr. Justus Velsius in Groningen"
1595:(in Latin). Coloniae: Bathenius.
1399:. Medical science press. p.
859:
620:In 1563, Velsius had crossed the
524:, sent him a series of theses on
228:in Strasbourg, as a co-worker of
196:in 1544 at the recommendation of
2198:
2140:. In Berthoud, Gabrielle (ed.).
2136:Feist-Hirsch, Elisabeth (1957).
1508:Retrieved 31 October 2010, from
1358:Feist-Hirsch, Elisabeth (1967).
1240:. Paris: Andreas Wechel (1557).
852:. Velsius was a contemporary of
589:On 25 June Velsius departed for
429:
1945:
1913:
1885:
1860:
1833:
1808:
1783:
1758:
1735:
1710:
1675:
1579:
1278:
1096:. Cologne: Jacob Soter (1554).
152:, 1540/41. In 1541 he moved to
1551:
1515:
1498:
1455:
1414:
1351:
1261:
616:London: more religious turmoil
1:
2301:16th-century writers in Latin
2251:16th-century Dutch physicians
1685:Heidelberger Gelehrtenlexikon
1312:
409:Apologia JV Hagani Confutatio
263:following the example of the
211:
2306:University of Bologna alumni
2271:Dutch Protestant theologians
1765:BĂŒttinghausen, Karl (1776).
538:shook the dust off his shoes
447:on 15 July 1556, approached
437:Reformed Christianity portal
224:in the higher grades of the
7:
2266:Dutch Renaissance humanists
2115:"XXV : Justus Velsius"
2113:Pollet, Jacques V. (1977).
1840:Becker, Dr. Judith (2007).
822:, since both were close to
769:
662:The Rule of a Christian Man
563:then in use in Strasbourg.
395:. From there he made it to
10:
2342:
2281:People convicted of heresy
2074:Rutgers, Frederik Lodewijk
415:. 1558 followed Slotanus'
2286:Physicians from The Hague
2050:Sepp, Christiaan (1885).
1958:Groningsche Volksalmanak.
1528:Geschichte der Stadt Köln
1429:. Leiden: Brill. p.
520:, on his position on the
486:In a letter addressed to
70:
58:
40:
28:
21:
1717:Marbach, Johann (1856).
1421:Monfasani, John (1976).
1286:Christiani Hominis Norma
1254:
672:, to Secretary of State
658:Christiani Hominis Norma
2053:Kerkhistorische studiën
963:Procli de motu Libri II
741:
711:Groningen: imprisonment
377:Christoph von Oldenburg
357:ecclesiastical province
323:Epistola ad Ferdinandum
144:, Velsius graduated as
120:
83:Justus Velsius, Haganus
1682:DrĂŒll, Dagmar (2002).
1620:. BRILL. p. 331.
1462:Rembert, Karl (1899).
988:. Lyon: (1551). 1551.
746:Velsius published the
688:
534:KurfĂŒrst Friedrich III
497:
277:Gymnasium Tricoronatum
133:
35:Justus Velsius c. 1565
1614:Pollet, J.V. (1985).
734:Holland: faith healer
686:
608:. He matriculated in
576:Celio Secondo Curione
492:
461:French Refugee Church
327:Eucharistic adoration
309:. On 29 October 1554
128:
2207:at Wikimedia Commons
1984:Pantaleon, Heinricus
1952:Reitsma, J. (1894).
694:illuminations a cĆlo
628:where he joined the
510:KurfĂŒrst Ottheinrich
305:led to suspicion of
265:University of Leuven
202:Marburg Latin School
2028:Hartzheim, Josephus
1393:Ball, J.M. (1910).
1329:de Wal, J. (1886).
841:religious reformer
805:forgiveness of sins
602:Bonifacius Amerbach
568:Sebastian Castellio
553:happened in MĂŒnster
443:Velsius arrived in
381:Augsburg Confession
299:Thomas von Imbroich
222:Aristotelian ethics
2236:Christian radicals
789:transubstantiation
700:, and the Dean of
689:
638:Nicolaus Carinaeus
192:, and he moved to
134:
2261:Dutch Protestants
2241:Dutch Anabaptists
2203:Media related to
1559:Slotanus, Joannes
514:Heiliggeistkirche
399:, where he wrote
385:Peace of Augsburg
371:. The Protestant
349:Johannes Slotanus
319:cathedral chapter
261:Trilingual school
241:collegiate church
105:, physician, and
80:
79:
66:(aged 70â71)
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2231:Antitrinitarians
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1742:Matthew 10:14â15
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762:), along with a
705:Alexander Nowell
477:Johannes Ă Lasco
451:, pastor of the
439:
434:
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351:served as papal
204:and possibly in
146:doctor medicinae
140:and medicine in
65:
33:
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18:
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2332:
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2256:Dutch educators
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1977:Further reading
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854:Hendrik Niclaes
843:Johann Campanus
772:
744:
736:
713:
678:Queen Elizabeth
618:
505:
435:
428:
425:
257:
214:
156:, where he met
136:After studying
123:
63:
54:
45:
36:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
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2205:Justus Velsius
2194:
2193:External links
2191:
2190:
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2110:
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860:Selected works
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850:Family of Love
771:
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670:Edmund Grindal
617:
614:
606:Johannes Sturm
518:Johann Flinner
504:
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469:predestination
453:English Church
441:
440:
424:
421:
405:King Ferdinand
363:, Cologne and
273:Jakob Leichius
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230:Johannes Sturm
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797:justification
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787:and rejected
786:
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779:'s dogma of "
778:
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766:translation.
765:
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107:mathematician
104:
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99:Low Countries
96:
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87:Joost Welsens
84:
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61:
57:
53:
52:Low Countries
49:
43:
39:
32:
27:
20:
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2078:
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2034:pertinentium
2032:
2010:
1988:
1957:
1947:
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1921:Strype, John
1915:
1897:
1893:Strype, John
1887:
1869:
1862:
1842:
1835:
1817:
1810:
1792:
1785:
1767:
1760:
1746:Mark 6:11â13
1737:
1719:
1712:
1684:
1677:
1665:. Retrieved
1650:
1643:
1631:. Retrieved
1616:
1609:
1591:
1581:
1563:
1553:
1527:
1517:
1505:
1500:
1464:
1457:
1424:
1416:
1404:. Retrieved
1395:
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793:Spiritualism
773:
759:
755:
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698:Robert Horne
693:
690:
666:regeneration
661:
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646:regeneration
630:Dutch Church
619:
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557:
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540:as he left.
506:
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493:
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449:Robert Horne
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281:
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135:
129:
114:liberal arts
111:
86:
82:
81:
64:(1581-00-00)
2226:1581 deaths
2221:1510 births
828:disputation
721:Stadtholder
584:disputation
488:Melanchthon
369:Anabaptists
284:Anabaptists
2215:Categories
1750:Luke 9:5â6
1313:References
1118:. (1554).
839:Anabaptist
702:St. Paul's
353:inquisitor
341:heretics.
288:Bookbinder
238:St. Thomas
234:canonicate
212:Strasbourg
194:Strasbourg
186:Dialectica
178:philosophy
158:Portuguese
93:(c. 1510,
71:Occupation
2162:153879529
2129:401444765
2043:222764557
2020:249050708
1827:470721818
1777:165944546
1601:644086668
1573:166109991
1545:162895721
1449:185923822
1290:Volume 28
1284:Velsius'
1273:Friesland
1246:457368255
1224:458457259
1214:. Basel:
1176:504756608
1166:. Basel:
1150:311881180
1140:. Basel:
1124:254204811
1102:311930648
1082:458457289
1060:165927237
1038:165670768
1016:504390751
994:162385406
972:165353999
950:165927235
928:249273879
918:. Basel:
902:615546903
882:560648916
809:damnation
803:, not by
801:new birth
785:Eucharist
781:sola fide
760:On Motion
728:de Robles
724:de Robles
717:Groningen
676:, and to
595:Bullinger
580:Cellarius
572:Cellarius
561:catechism
530:free will
526:new birth
522:Eucharist
465:free will
445:Frankfurt
413:Epistolae
389:the river
346:Dominican
315:Charles V
292:Guildhall
226:gymnasium
218:dialectic
182:Trebizond
160:humanist
95:The Hague
48:The Hague
2291:Prophets
2076:(1901).
2066:13389121
2030:(1747).
2001:79416230
1966:39941293
1939:15137458
1923:(1821).
1907:15137522
1895:(1824).
1879:17573600
1729:42081608
1704:24849061
1589:(1558).
1561:(1557).
1525:(1875).
1492:19041747
1345:14866965
1275:instead.
1198:67051278
922:(1543).
824:Vesalius
820:Servetus
813:miracles
770:Theology
750:text of
648:through
401:Apologia
355:for the
331:celibacy
166:Vesalius
103:humanist
75:Humanist
2106:9239220
1802:1481953
1667:26 July
1633:26 July
1537:780â799
1533:688â695
1474:575â590
1406:26 July
1380:1129338
836:Flemish
756:De Motu
752:Proclus
626:England
622:Channel
610:Marburg
604:and to
397:MĂŒlheim
373:Princes
338:Viglius
286:in the
269:prebend
249:Cologne
245:Interim
190:Nannius
150:Antwerp
142:Bologna
2181:
2160:
2150:
2127:
2104:
2094:
2064:
2060:â179.
2041:
2018:
1999:
1964:
1937:
1933:â138.
1905:
1877:
1850:
1825:
1800:
1775:
1727:
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1301:, and
1244:
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1122:
1100:
1080:
1058:
1036:
1014:
992:
970:
948:
926:
900:
880:
832:Geneva
777:Luther
650:Christ
642:plague
634:London
591:ZĂŒrich
473:debate
471:. The
457:Calvin
311:Krisis
307:heresy
303:Krisis
296:martyr
154:Leuven
132:, 1544
2088:75â77
1993:(PDF)
1255:Notes
764:Latin
748:Greek
365:Trier
361:Mainz
206:Basel
198:Bucer
174:Latin
170:Greek
91:Dutch
85:, or
2179:ISBN
2158:OCLC
2148:ISBN
2125:OCLC
2102:OCLC
2092:ISBN
2062:OCLC
2039:OCLC
2016:OCLC
1997:OCLC
1962:OCLC
1935:OCLC
1903:OCLC
1875:OCLC
1848:ISBN
1823:OCLC
1798:OCLC
1773:OCLC
1725:OCLC
1700:OCLC
1690:ISBN
1669:2015
1656:ISBN
1635:2015
1622:ISBN
1597:OCLC
1569:OCLC
1541:OCLC
1488:OCLC
1478:ISBN
1445:OCLC
1435:ISBN
1408:2015
1376:OCLC
1366:ISBN
1341:OCLC
1303:here
1299:here
1295:here
1269:Heeg
1242:OCLC
1220:OCLC
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