Javanese people - Knowledge

1422: 1313: 1897: 4069: 2867: 3645: 1571: 3445: 993: 3433: 3697: 3685: 1028: 3190: 2046: 1012: 3181: 3847: 3418: 3354: 2167: 3326: 3673: 3366: 3661: 3398: 3105:, the Clove Islands, the navigation of the Chinese and the Gores, with their rhumbs and direct routes followed by the ships, and the hinterland, and how the kingdoms border on each other. It seems to me. Sir, that this was the best thing I have ever seen, and Your Highness will be very pleased to see it; it had the names in Javanese writing, but I had with me a Javanese who could read and write. I send this piece to Your Highness, which Francisco Rodrigues traced from the other, in which Your Highness can truly see where the 1085: 2062: 3709: 3386: 240: 2855: 276: 2263: 169: 4202: 7279:一、药材:胡椒、空青、荜拨、番木鳖子、芦荟、闷虫药、没药、荜澄茄、血竭、苏木、大枫子、乌爹泥、金刚子、番红土、肉豆蔻、白豆蔻、藤竭、碗石、黄蜡、阿魏。二、香料:降香、奇南香、檀香、麻滕香、速香、龙脑香、木香、乳香、蔷薇露、黄熟香、安息香、乌香、丁皮(香)。三、珍宝：黄金、宝石、犀角、珍珠、珊瑙、象牙、龟筒、孔雀尾、翠毛、珊瑚。四、动物：马、西马、红鹦鹉、白鹦鹉、绿鹦鹉、火鸡、白鹿、白鹤、象、白猴、犀、神鹿（摸）、鹤顶（鸟）、五色鹦鹉、奥里羔兽。五、金属制品：西洋铁、铁枪、锡、折铁刀、铜鼓。六、布匹：布、油红布、绞布。此外，爪哇还向明朝输入黑奴、叭喇唬船、爪哇铣、硫黄、瓷釉颜料等。爪哇朝贡贸易输人物资不仅种类多，而且数虽可观，如洪武十五年（1382年）一次进贡的胡椒就达七万五千斤。而民间贸易显更大，据葡商Francisco de Sa记载："万丹、雅加达等港口每年自漳州有帆船20艘驶来装载3万奎塔尔（quiutai）的胡椒。"1奎塔尔约合59 公斤则当年从爪哇输入中国胡椒达177万公斤。 258: 2076: 190: 126: 144: 1555: 294: 215: 3143:(mapping science) was developed. In 1293 AD Raden Wijaya presented a map and census record to the Yuan Mongol invader, suggesting that mapmaking has been a formal part of governmental affair in Java. The use of maps full of longitudinal and transverse lines, rhumb lines, and direct route lines traveled by ships were recorded by Europeans, to the point that the Portuguese considered the Javanese maps were the best map in the early 1500s. 1774: 1837: 1666: 526: 2274: 2285: 7969: 7581: 96: 1526:. The Sri sultan became Governor of Yogyakarta, and the Prince of Pakualaman became vice-governor; both were responsible to the President of Indonesia. The Special Region of Yogyakarta was created after the war of independence ended and formalized on 3 August 1950. Surakarta was later absorbed as part of the 1614:), subtlety, politeness, courtesy, indirectness, emotional restraint and consciousness to one's social stature. Javanese culture values harmony and social order highly, and abhors direct conflicts and disagreements. These Javanese values are often promoted through Javanese cultural expressions, such as 3769:

The Javanese are all men very experienced in the art of navigation, to the point that they claim to be the most ancient of all, although many others give this honor to the Chinese, and affirm that this art was handed on from them to the Javanese. But it is certain that they formerly navigated to the

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of the K'un-lun people). These ships already plied the seas between India and China as early as 2nd century CE, carrying up to 1000 people alongside 250–1000 tons of cargo. The characteristics of this ship are that it is large (more than 50–60 m long), the hull is made of multiple plankings, has no

1154:. The Java valley was home to thousands of Hindu temples that co-existed with Buddhist temples, most of which were buried in the massive eruption of Mount Merapi in 1006 AD. At its peak, the Javanese kingdom had become a dominant empire that exercised its power—not only in Java island, but also in 3629:

The Javanese art of wood carving is traditionally applied to various cultural attributes such as statues, (wayang-)dolls, and masks. Woodcarving also prominent as house ornamentation and details. The elaborately carved Omah Kudus is a fine example of Javanese woodcarving mastery. The Central Java

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Traditionally, most Javanese people are farmers. Farming is especially common because of the fertile volcanic soil in Java. The most important agricultural commodity is rice. In 1997, it was estimated that Java produced 55% of Indonesia's total output of the crop. Most farmers work in small-scale

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hired 60 Javanese carpenters and shipbuilders to work in India for the Portuguese. They never arrived in India, as they mutinied and took the Portuguese ship they boarded to Pasai, where they were welcomed extraordinarily. The Dutch also realized Javanese proficiency in shipbuilding, in the 18th

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as their religion, first recorded instance of Islamic contact in Java is dated from 475 Hijri (1082 AD), as attested in the grave of Fatimah binti Maimun. However Islamic development only became more intensive during the Majapahit period, when they traded or made tributary relations with various

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The Suma oriental of Tomé Pires : an account of the East, from the Red Sea to Japan, written in Malacca and India in 1512–1515 ; and, the book of Francisco Rodrigues, rutter of a voyage in the Red Sea, nautical rules, almanack and maps, written and drawn in the East before 1515 volume

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It much resemble camphor, and can corrode human flesh. When ignited and thrown on water, its light and flame become all the more intense. The barbarians use it as a fire-weapon and produce great conflagrations in which sails, bulwarks, upperworks and oars all catch fire and cannot withstand it.

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come from, and the course your ships must take to the Clove Islands, and where the gold mines lie, and the islands of Java and Banda, of nutmeg and mace, and the land of the King of Siam, and also the end of the land of the navigation of the Chinese, the direction it takes, and how they do not

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Batik are worn by both men and women, with patterns varying to denote social stature. Batik are also used ceremonially, with certain designs used to bring good luck to a newborn infant or a newly wed couple and their families. Some towns and villages have specialized in making batik, such as

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stated that the Southern Javanese people sailed to "far Southern lands" up to the point they arrived at an island where a day only lasted four hours long and was "colder than in any part of the world". Modern studies have determined that such place is located at least 900 nautical miles

3068:'s translator) who visited Java in 1413, stated that ports in Java were trading goods and offer services that were more numerous and more complete than other ports in Southeast Asia. It was also during Majapahit era that Nusantaran exploration reached its greatest accomplishment. 3313:

noted that Javanese shipbuilding activity still existed on the north coast of Java, with the shipyards supervised by Europeans, but all of the workers were Javanese. The ships that were built in the 19th century had a maximum tonnage of 50 tons and were used for river transport.

2148:. The complex covers an area of 11 km x 9 km. It consists of various brick buildings, a canal ranging from 20 to 40 meters wide, purification pools, temples and iconic split gates. The capital complex is currently being considered as a candidate for becoming a 7529: 3470:. The art of kris-making provided the technical skills applied to gunmaking. Cannon and firearms required special expertise and may have been made by the same individuals. The blacksmith's spiritual power was said to be transferred to the guns. Majapahit under 2889:. In 774 an assault was launched on Po-Nagar in Nha-trang where the pirates demolished temples, while in 787 an assault was launched on Phang-rang. Several Champa coastal cities suffered naval raids and assault from Java. Java armadas was called as 789:. The Javanese ethnic group has many sub-groups (based on native Javanese community on the island of Java) that can be distinguished based on their characteristics, customs, traditions, dialects, or even their respective ways of life. These include 1657:

of Javanese north coast and in Eastern Java demonstrates some slightly different traits. They tend to be more open to new and foreign ideas, more egalitarian, and less conscious of one's social stature. Some of these northern settlements — such as

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dharmic values, Islamic civilization, and to a lesser extent, Christianity, Western philosophy and modern ideas. Nevertheless, Javanese culture — especially in the Javanese cultural heartland; those of highly polished aristocratic culture of the

3760:. It is possible that Ma'anyan people (or other indigenous people of Kalimantan closely related to the Ma'anyans) were brought as labourer and slaves by their Javanese masters in their trading fleets, which reached Madagascar by ca. 50–500 AD. 3795:

settled at many places in the Indonesian archipelago. In the late 15th century, following the collapse of Majapahit and the rise of Muslim principalities on the northern coast of Java, many Hindu nobilities, artisans and courtiers migrated to

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of Indonesia, it has the status of regional language for communication in the Javanese-majority regions. The language also can be viewed as an ethnic language because it is one of the defining characteristics of the Javanese ethnic identity.

1285:, whose reign from 1350 to 1389 was marked by conquests that extended throughout Southeast Asia. This expansion marked the greatest extent of Majapahit, making it one of the most influential empires in Indonesian and Southeast Asian history. 1300:, of which Java was a major producer. Majapahit is usually regarded as the greatest of these kingdoms. It was both an agrarian and a maritime power, combining wet-rice cultivation and foreign trade. The ruin of their capital can be found in 2966:

with 1000 boats and attempted to take the citadel of Qanbaloh, though eventually failed. The reason of the attack is because that place had goods suitable for their country and for China, such as ivory, tortoise shells, panther skins, and

2929:, they arrived in Java by trading (bought by merchants) or being taken prisoner during a war and then made slaves. According to Chiaymasiouro, the king of Demak, in 1601 AD a subgroup of Javanese people already settled in a land called 3644: 3292:

employed Javanese people as the foremen. The shipbuilding in Java was hampered when the VOC gained a foothold in Java starting in the early 17th century. However, in the 18th century, the Javanese shipbuilding areas (particularly

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in South America. As of 2019, approximately 13.7% of the Suriname population is of Javanese ancestry. Outside of the Dutch colonies, Javanese workers were also sent to plantations administered by the Dutch colonial government in

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is the staple crop of Javanese cuisine; a meal in Java is not considered a meal without it. It is also an important part of the Javanese cultural identity, differentiating them from residents of other Indonesian islands who eat

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is one of the oldest civilizations and has flourished in Indonesia and Southeast Asia. It has gradually absorbed various elements and influences from other cultures, including native reverence for ancestral and natural spirits,

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to destroy ships in coastal cities and close ports to prevent them from rebelling in the mid-17th century further reduced the Javanese people's ability in long-distance sailing. In 1705 there is an agreement signed by VOC and

2107:, were constructed and dominated the landscape of Java. According to local beliefs, the Java valley had thousands of Hindu temples that co-existed with Buddhist temples, most of which were buried in the massive eruption of 3247:

that it was using wooden dowels for joining the planks and has double passenger-to-deadweight ratio. During the Majapahit era, a jong usually carried 600–700 men with 1200–1400 tons deadweight, and was about 69.26–72.55 m

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a peninsula in North Australia). The book explained that in Meridional India already settled a subgroup of Javanese people. A brief description of this country is given in a letter written by Chiaymasiouro to the King of

3256:. The largest ones, carried 1000 men with 2000 tons deadweight, was about 80.51 m LOD and 88.56 m LOA. The jong was mainly constructed in two major shipbuilding centres around Java: north coastal Java, especially around 3465:

Blacksmiths are traditionally valued. Some blacksmiths fast and meditate to reach perfection. Javanese blacksmiths create a range of tools and farming equipment, and also cultural items such as gamelan instruments and

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may be connected, through Sanskrit, with the Greek νῆσος (nesos). It would appear that the human tongue has a tendency to corrupt an "N" into an "L" thus "Nakhon" has become "Lakhon" (Ligor) and the Malay word

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The Javanese may have contacted Australia in 10th century AD, and migrated there, their settlement existing until early 1600s. According to Waharu IV inscription (931 AD) and Garaman inscription (1053 AD), the

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Singapore Malay community leaders estimated that some 50 to 60 percent of the community traced their origins to Java and an additional 15 to 20 percent to Bawean Island, in the Java Sea north of the city of

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rice fields, with around 42% of farmers working and cultivating less than 0.5 hectares of land. In region where soil is less fertile of where rainy season is short, other staple crops is cultivated, such as

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names, especially coast populations, where Islamic influences are stronger. Commoners usually only have one-word names, while nobilities use two-or-more-word names, but rarely a surname. Some people use a

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Another large ship built by the Javanese was the jong, first recorded in an Old Javanese inscription from the 9th century AD. Although the characteristics may be similar, it has some differences from the

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The Serat Selarasa (MSS Jav. 28) is the most beautiful illuminated Javanese manuscript in the British Library. It is dated 1804, making it perhaps the earliest finely-illustrated Javanese manuscript known

3696: 4143:. The Dutch needed many labourers for their plantations and moved many Javanese under the program as contract workers, mostly to other parts of the colony in Sumatra. They also sent Javanese workers to 3020:

are not a sailor and were dry-rice cultivators while some Malagasy are wet rice farmers, it is likely that they are carried by the Javanese and Malay people in their trading fleets, as labor or slaves.

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The Geertz opinion is often opposed today because he mixed the social groups with belief groups. It was also difficult to apply this social categorization in classing outsiders, for example other non-

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The Javanese people, like other Austronesian ethnicities, use a solid navigation system: Orientation at sea is carried out using a variety of different natural signs, and by using a very distinctive

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dynasties had their power base there. Between the late 8th century and the mid-9th century, the kingdom saw the blossoming of classical Javanese art and architecture reflected in the rapid growth of

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Lee, Kam Hing (1986): 'The Shipping Lists of Dutch Melaka: A Source for the Study of Coastal Trade and Shipping in the Malay Peninsula During the 17th and 18th Centuries', in Mohd. Y. Hashim (ed.),

1662:, Kudus, Tuban, Gresik and Ampel in Surabaya — have become more overtly Islamic, traditionally because these port towns are among the earliest places that Islamic teachings gained foothold in Java. 7291:

Kusuma, Pradiptajati; Brucato, Nicolas; Cox, Murray P.; Pierron, Denis; Razafindrazaka, Harilanto; Adelaar, Alexander; Sudoyo, Herawati; Letellier, Thierry; Ricaut, François-Xavier (18 May 2016).

3131:". Basically, the navigators determine the bow of the ship to the islands that are recognized by using the position of rising and setting of certain stars above the horizon. In the Majapahit era, 3024:

During the Majapahit era, almost all of the commodities from Asia were found in Java. This is because of extensive shipping by the Majapahit empire using various type of ships, particularly the

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were born to Javanese parents. This figure is very significant considering the number of Malaysian Malays at that time was just under 3 million. Javanese descendants form large communities in

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became the new strongest power, gaining supremacy among city-states on the northern coast of Java. Aside from its power over Javanese city-states, it also gained overlordship of the ports of

3939:. These Javanese settlements were originally commissioned by Sultan Agung as rice farming villages to support the Javanese troop logistics on his military campaign against Dutch Batavia. 3235:

Javanese trading and slaving activities in Africa caused a strong influence on boatbuilding on Madagascar and the East African coast. This is indicated by the existence of outriggers and

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in Southeast Asia. As the largest ethnic group in the region, the Javanese have historically dominated the social, political, and cultural landscape of both Indonesia and Southeast Asia.

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knives are important items, with many heirloom kris holding significant historical value. The design of the kris is to tear apart an opponent's abdomen, making the injury more severe.

4511: 7536:, Jakarta: Pusat Riset Wilayah Laut dan Sumber Daya Nonhayati, Badan Riset Kelautan dan Perikanan; Pusat Penelitian Kemasyarakatan dan Budaya, Universitas Indonesia, pp. 53–124 1989:. The Gregorian calendar is the official calendar of Indonesia, while the Islamic calendar is used by Muslims and Indonesian government for religious worship and deciding relevant 4104:. These included princes and nobility who lost their dispute with the company and were exiled along with their retinues. These, along with exiles from other ethnicities like 891:

has a strong influence in most of the Southeast Asian countries. In Brunei, Malaysia, and Singapore, the influence of Javanese culture can be seen in many aspects of modern

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Duarte Barbosa ca. 1514 said that the inhabitants of Java are great masters in casting artillery and very good artillerymen. They make many one-pounder cannons (cetbang or

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Javanese do not usually have family names or surnames, with only a single name. Javanese names may come from traditional Javanese languages, many of which are derived from

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were sent from Malacca to seaports on the northern coast of Java. Large migrations to the Malay Peninsula occurred during the colonial period, mostly from Central Java to

1578:; it is an Indonesian culture that is widely known and popular in many countries including Singapore, Malaysia, Thailand, Philippines, Sri Lanka and East African countries 4780: 4751: 7792:

Manguin, Pierre-Yves (1993). "Trading Ships of the South China Sea. Shipbuilding Techniques and Their Role in the History of the Development of Asian Trade Networks".

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for high cultural purpose, through stringing words to express a deeper philosophical meanings. Several philosophical idioms sprung from Javanese classical literature,

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who ruled Indonesia at that time. Today these people live throughout Peninsular Malaysia and are mainly concentrated in parts of inland, west and northwest coasts of

6000:"Internalization of the Pesisiran Javanese Cultural Values through Fine Art Education at One Roof State Primary-Secondary Schools in Wedung Village, Demak Regency" 5179: 3432: 3325: 7424:

Manguin, Pierre-Yves (1993). 'The Vanishing Jong: Insular Southeast Asian Fleets in Trade and War (Fifteenth to Seventeenth Centuries)', in Anthony Reid (ed.),

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Traditional Javanese buildings can be identified by their trapezoid shaped roofs supported by wooden pillars. Another common feature in Javanese buildings are

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The transmigration program that was created by the Dutch continued following independence. A significant Javanese population can be found in the Jabodetabek (

3232:, mounted with many masts and sails, the sail is in the form of a tanja sail, and has a plank fastening technique in the form of stitching with plant fibers. 2913:

experienced a long prosperity so that it needed a lot of manpower, especially to bring crops, packings, and send them to ports. Black labor was imported from

2695:(the capital of Majapahit), there are several Muslim tombstones with dates from the 14th century (1368 AD, 1376 AD). The close proximity of the site with the 9201: 9112: 9216: 9026: 1358:

spread. Following succession disputes and civil wars, Majapahit power collapsed. After this collapse, its various dependencies and vassals broke free. The

7987: 10207: 9107: 1107:. Hindu and Buddhist — traders and visitors, arrived in the 5th century. The Hindu, Buddhist and Javanese faiths blended into a unique local philosophy. 8949: 3365: 3167:, and to the west of Lampung. In the second half of the 18th century, most of the Javanese merchant-sailors were restricted to only short-range travel. 9754: 9624: 5669:"The Problem of the Ancient Name Java and the Role of Satyavarman in Southeast Asian International Relations around the Turn of the Ninth Century CE" 1896: 1312: 9819: 9799: 9267: 4068: 3602:

numbering as many as 30,000 existing during the Singhasari and Majapahit era (1222 to 1527 CE), with the first mention being in the Chinese record

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Javanese cuisine varies by region. Eastern Java has a preference for hot and salty foods, while the Central Javanese tend to prefer sweeter foods.

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Silvey, Rachel (2005), "Transnational Islam: Indonesian Migrant Domestic Workers in Saudi Arabia", in Falah, Ghazi-Walid; Nagel, Caroline (eds.),

3509:, guns (cannons), and other fire-works. Every place are considered excellent in casting artillery, and in the knowledge of using it. In 1513, the 9814: 8667:

Linda Sunarti; Teuku Reza Fadeli (2018). "Tracing Javanese Identity And Culture In Malaysia Asimilation And Adaptation Of Javanese In Malaysia".

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Kota Gede : le devenir identitaire d'un quartier périphérique historique de Yogyakarta (Indonésie); Le voyage inachevé... à Joël Bonnemaison

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Early Mapping of Southeast Asia: The Epic Story of Seafarers, Adventurers, and Cartographers Who First Mapped the Regions Between China and India

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and other countries. The migrants bring with them various aspect of Javanese cultures such as Gamelan music, traditional dances and the art of

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Zhang Xie in Dong Xi Yang Kao (1618) mentioned that city of Palembang, which has been conquered by Javanese, produces the furious fiery oil (

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P. 83: "Generally speaking, however, as one might expect, younger Javanese-Malays can hardly understand Javanese and are Malay monolingual".

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Burney DA, Burney LP, Godfrey LR, Jungers WL, Goodman SM, Wright HT, Jull AJ (August 2004). "A chronology for late prehistoric Madagascar".

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When the Indonesian independence was proclaimed on 17 August 1945, the last sovereign Javanese monarchies, represented by the Sri Sultan of

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Coedès, George (1968). Walter F. Vella, ed. The Indianized States of Southeast Asia. trans.Susan Brown Cowing. University of Hawaii Press.

3028:, for trading to faraway places. Early 16th century European accounts noted the places which the Javanese merchants visited, which include 4315:

It is very difficult to find exact figures because Malaysian census data does not consider the Javanese as one ethnicity but part of the "

4003:, this assimilation is factored by integration under similar socioreligious infrastructures like mosques and intermarriage with the local 3763:

A Portuguese account described how the Javanese people already had advanced seafaring skills and had communicated with Madagascar in 1645:

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The travels of Ludovico di Varthema in Egypt, Syria, Arabia Deserta and Arabia Felix, in Persia, India, and Ethiopia, A.D. 1503 to 1508

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culture, and this influence is still visible in Javanese history, culture, traditions, and art forms. The ancient Javanese kingdoms of

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shadow play. The migration of Javanese people westward has created a coastal Javanese culture in West Java distinct from the inland

181:(Javanese and Indonesian descent are often referred to as 'Al-Jawi' which means people from the Javanese islands (modern Indonesia)) 9019: 4825: 4133: 8119: 11754: 11028: 10200: 4175:(traditional community organisation) were formed by these Javanese immigrants, such as "Pujakesuma" (abbreviation of Indonesian: 3997:" label along with other native Indonesian ethnic groups which allows for socioeconomical privileges allocated for the so-called 8904:

Candi, Space and Landscape: A Study on the Distribution, Orientation and Spatial Organization of Central Javanese Temple Remains

4531: 3865:(Meridional India — Southern/South India). In his book he relates about the voyage of Chiaymasiouro (or Chiay Masiuro), king of 1445:. The internal intrigue and war of succession, in addition to Dutch interference, caused the Mataram Sultanate to break up into 11226: 11008: 10100: 8236:

Science and Civilisation in China, Volume 5: Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Part 7, Military Technology: The Gunpowder Epic

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Javanese merchants and sailors were already in frequent voyage in the seas between India and China as early as 1st century CE.

1247:, killing Kertanegara. However, Jayakatwang's reign as king of Java soon ended as he was defeated by Kertanegara's son-in-law, 8964: 2225:

model is used as the main feature of mosques as prayer halls. A trapezoidal roof is used instead of the more typically Muslim

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princedom. Although the real political power in those days actually lay with the colonial Dutch, the Javanese kings, in their

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to reach Java between 1,500 BC and 1,000 BC. However, according to recent genetic study, Javanese together with Sundanese and

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Before the rise of Islam, between the 5th to 15th centuries, Dharmic faiths (Hinduism and Buddhism) were the majority in the

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Dutch rule was briefly interrupted by British rule in the early 19th century. While short, the British administration led by

1465:, still held prestige as the supposed power centre of the Javanese realm, especially in and around Surakarta and Yogyakarta. 2958:, probably the Malay people of Srivijaya or Javanese people of Mataram kingdom, in 945–946 CE. They arrived in the coast of 10994: 6976:. Walter F. Vella Fund, Payap University. University of Hawaii at Manoa. Center for Asian and Pacific Studies. p. 121. 6547: 6493: 6467: 6383: 6302: 5803: 5668: 5451: 2086:

Throughout their long history, the Javanese have produced many important buildings, ranging from Hindu monuments, Buddhist

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Prambanan and Sewu Exhibition: Safeguarding a Common Heritage of Humanity, 15–24 January 2010, Bentara Budaya Jakarta 2010

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by Javanese) who were strong and make good slaves. The existence of black Africans was recorded until the 15th century in

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to Islam. The Javanese thus played an important part in transmitting Islam from the western part to the eastern part of

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loans, found especially in literary Javanese. This is due to the long history of Hindu and Buddhist influences in Java.

1182:, a prince who had lived at the Sailendra court in Java, brought Javanese art and culture, including the concept of the 992: 11749: 11739: 10193: 3801: 830: 3672: 1844:

Javanese intellectuals, writers, poets and men of letters are known for their ability to formulate ideas and creating

8991: 8912: 8753: 8611: 8467: 8085: 8060: 8022: 7997: 7942: 7853: 7685: 7572: 7272: 6954: 6356: 6248: 5951: 5883: 5853: 5828: 5165: 5130: 5089: 4636: 4611: 1519:, Prince of Mangkunegara and Prince of Pakualaman declared that they would become part of the Republic of Indonesia. 1216:. The expansionist king launched several major expeditions to Madura, Bali in 1284, Borneo, the Malay Peninsula, and 647: 619: 591: 17: 4518:

Citizenship, Ethnicity, Religion, and Languages of the Indonesian Population (Results of the 2010 Population Census)

356:) Central Javanese (Mataram, Pekalongan, Bagelen, Semarang, Blora, Madiunan) and Eastern Javanese (Arekan, Jombang, 11330: 3947: 3280:, which is a large shipbuilding port at the 16th century, also produced jong, built by Javanese who resided there. 1027: 7411:

A Description of the Coasts of East Africa and Malabar in the Beginning of the Sixteenth Century by Duarte Barbosa

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Proceedings of the Symposium on 100 Years Development of Krakatau and Its Surroundings, Jakarta, 23–27 August 1983

3800:, where they would contribute to the refined culture of Bali. Others who refused to convert to Islam retreated to 3634:

is famous as a center of Javanese woodcarving workshops, where artists and carpenters especially working on Javan

11669: 11505: 11162: 10144: 7509: 5238: 3731: 1401:. The centre of power moved from coastal Demak, to Pajang in Blora, and later further inland to Mataram lands in 4368:, a Javanese historical work of about the 16th century. Blagden adopts Brandes' explanation that the expression 3958:. Migration also took place from 1880 to 1930 from other parts of Java with a secondary migration Javanese from 2233:. The split gate from earlier Hindu-Buddhist period is still used in many mosques and public buildings in Java. 11529: 11469: 11436: 11384: 11157: 7658: 5599: 5213: 2398:, a type of peanut sauce with chili is a common ingredient in Javanese cuisine. It is used in various types of 2180:, pavilions with open-sides and four large pillars. The pillars and other parts of the buildings can be richly 2828:

In Indonesia, Javanese people can be found in all occupations, especially in the government and the military.

539: 11193: 6838:

Flecker, Michael (August 2015). "Early Voyaging in the South China Sea: Implications on Territorial Claims".

5742: 4953:

Ananta, Aris; Arifin, Evi Nurvidya; Hasbullah, M. Sairi; Handayani, Nur Budi; Pramono, Agus (December 2015).

4823: 4390:

was Australia or one of the islands off the north Australian coast: Hamy considers it to be Sumba. (Janssen.

4007:

population in the Peninsular. Many immigrants of the colonial period retain their Javanese identity, and the

3993:

Today, the Malaysian government classifies the descendants of these Javanese residing in Malaysia under the "

3517:"with much artillery made in Java, for the Javanese are skilled in founding and casting, and in all works in 2010: 7461: 4407:

is only used in Java, Madura, and Madagascar (nusi); elsewhere, island is generally represented by the name

3189: 3097:"...a large map of a Javanese pilot, containing the Cape of Good Hope, Portugal and the land of Brazil, the 11406: 7843: 4513:

Kewarganegaraan, Suku Bangsa, Agama, dan Bahasa Sehari-hari Penduduk Indonesia (Hasil Sensus Penduduk 2010)

4062: 3000:

have genetic links to various Maritime Southeast Asian groups, particularly from southern Borneo. Parts of

2280:

is a typical Javanese chili sauce that is very popular in the region and influences many traditional dishes

1523: 714:. With more than 100 million people, Javanese people are the largest ethnic group in both Indonesia and in 7409: 7117:

Le carrefour javanais. Essai d'histoire globale (The Javanese Crossroads: Towards a Global History) vol. 2

6104:

The Shadow Puppet Theatre of Malaysia: A Study of Wayang Kulit with Performance Scripts and Puppet Designs

5873: 5147:

The Shadow Puppet Theatre of Malaysia: A Study of Wayang Kulit with Performance Scripts and Puppet Designs

11173: 8965:

Kuncaraningrat Raden Mas; Southeast Asian Studies Program (Institute of Southeast Asian Studies) (1985),

8161: 7092:

Kumar, Ann (2012). 'Dominion Over Palm and Pine: Early Indonesia's Maritime Reach', in Geoff Wade (ed.),

7004: 6987: 6971: 6944: 6917: 6900: 6883: 6867: 6858: 6658: 4291: 2993:

inscriptions and the Javanese were still recorded as exporting black slaves during the Ming dynasty era.

1296:. Although not major spice producers, these kingdoms were able to stockpile spice by trading for it with 8427:"In a Central Java town, local wood enterprises carve a niche in the global market – CIFOR Forests News" 8329: 6566:

Reformist Muslims in Yogyakarta Village: the Islamic transformation of contemporary socio-religious life

4520:] (in Indonesian), Jakarta: Central Bureau of National Statistics of the Republic of Indonesia, 2010 4084:

power starting in the 17th century, many Javanese were exiled, enslaved or hired as mercenaries for the

2937: 1610:— demonstrates some specific traits, such as particular concern with elegance and refinement (Javanese: 11498: 11219: 9035: 8120:"L'Artillerie legere nousantarienne: A propos de six canons conserves dans des collections portugaises" 4432: 4053:

as part of the spice trade. Following the Islamisation of Java, they spread Islam in the islands, with

2747: 2502:. Due to the influence of other cultures, many people started using names from other languages, mainly 2161: 2149: 848:

Javanese civilisation has been influenced by more than a millennium of interactions between the native

6277:. United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) World Heritage Convention. 3739: 10216: 7356:

Murray P. Cox; Michael G. Nelson; Meryanne K. Tumonggor; François-X. Ricaut; Herawati Sudoyo (2012).

7355: 3551:

Because there was no mention of projector pump, the weapon is probably breakable bottles with fuses.

2739: 2045: 2001:

in 1633, based on the Islamic calendar. Previously, Javanese people used a solar system based on the

1939:, the abangan followed a syncretic form of Islam that mixed Hindu and animist elements (often termed 1849: 1213: 970: 31: 2434:

is served alongside fried chicken, boiled egg, vegetables, and goat meat on a round plate made from

2136:

Meanwhile, examples of secular buildings can be seen in the ruins of the former capital city of the

11729: 11474: 11452: 11354: 11305: 11183: 11112: 10314: 9102: 7479: 4878:. Singapore: ISEAS: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies, 2015. p. 270 (based on 2010 census data). 4286: 4226: 4081: 2023: 1735: 1438: 1325: 1317: 1011: 8954: 7349: 4221: 3598:. Armor is probably only used by high-ranking soldiers and trained/salaried troops, with salaried 2430:

is served at landmark events such as birthdays, moving house, or other ceremonies. Traditionally,

1692:(where 15% of the population are of Javanese descent), the broader Indonesian archipelago region, 1379: 1189:

The centre of Javanese culture and politics was moved towards the eastern part of the island when

821:. With a large global population, the Javanese are considered significant as they are the largest 11426: 11416: 11087: 11033: 10334: 10164: 9139: 8459: 8013:

Unger, Richard W. (2013). "Chapter Five: The Technology and Teaching of Shipbuilding 1300-1800".

6288: 4188: 3920: 3904:), only a slight difference in the language, which he described as "much the same as between the 3708: 3151: 2463:. It is a staple source of protein in Java and popular around the world as a meat substitute for 1442: 1410: 1252: 876: 872: 8330:"A Chinese Gazetteer of Foreign Lands: A new translation of Part 1 of the Zhufan zhi 諸蕃志 (1225)" 6077: 5112: 4120:

ethnic groups respectively. Other political prisoners were transported to closer places. Prince

3748:

in the first centuries C.E. While the culture of the migration is most closely related with the

3385: 1370:

in eastern Sumatra. Demak played a major role in opposing the newly arrived colonial power, the

11708: 11396: 11374: 11178: 10414: 10289: 10169: 10117: 10080: 7598: 4140: 2245: 2094: 1799:. In addition, Javanese language can also written with right-to-left script descended from the 1748: 1744: 871:

were among the most powerful maritime empires in the region, whose boundaries included most of

750: 723: 694: 677: 81: 63: 8453: 7807:

Christie, Anthony (1957). "An Obscure Passage from the "Periplus: ΚΟΛΑΝΔΙΟϕΩΝΤΑ ΤΑ ΜΕΓΙΣΤΑ"".

6760: 6591: 6564: 6373: 6319: 5319: 4846: 11692: 11315: 11212: 11147: 11137: 10666: 10284: 10269: 10236: 9429: 8599: 6797: 6537: 4706: 4316: 4296: 4004: 3999: 3846: 3778:), where there are many brown and Javanese-like natives who say they are descended from them. 3284: 3082: 2759: 2755: 1865: 1500: 11127: 6346: 6272: 3774:

and were in communication with the east coast of the island of São Lourenço (San Laurenzo —

3150:

noted that the Javanese had communicated with the east coast of Madagascar. The decision of

11421: 11411: 11379: 11255: 11152: 11132: 11097: 10304: 10251: 10154: 9844: 7749:

Manguin, Pierre-Yves (September 1980). "The Southeast Asian Ship: An Historical Approach".

7304: 5242: 3820: 3702:

Javanese musical instruments, many of which require the skills of blacksmith and carpenters

3146:

European colonial presence diminished the range of the Javanese merchant-sailors. In 1645,

3069: 3005: 2248:. The Kudus Mosque is also of note because it incorporates Hindu-style stone architecture. 1859: 1512: 1450: 1212:

At the end of the 13th century, The major spread of Javanese influence occurred under King

1069: 700: 462: 8907:. Leiden: Sidestone Press, Issue 38 of Mededelingen van het Rijksmuseum voor Volkenkunde. 8: 11664: 11272: 11168: 11117: 10399: 10319: 10090: 10063: 9444: 8999:

Perdagangan Internasional pada Masa Jawa Kuno; Tinjauan Terhadap Data Tertulis Abad X–XII

8745: 8646: 7959: 7444: 5999: 5246: 4261: 4231: 4057:

being a Muslim sultanate circa 1484. Javanese merchants also converted coastal cities in

4019: 3943: 3735: 2241: 2126: 1827: 1763: 1387: 1347:. The spread and proselytising of Islam among the Javanese was traditionally credited to 1217: 1104: 1049: 656: 511: 337: 228: 8215: 8100:

Mayers (1876). "Chinese explorations of the Indian Ocean during the fifteenth century".

7308: 7293:"Contrasting Linguistic and Genetic Origins of the Asian Source Populations of Malagasy" 6762:

Agriculture in crisis: people, commodities and natural resources in Indonesia, 1996–2000

4829: 4011:

is still spoken, although the younger generation in urban centers mostly has shifted to

3180: 95: 11654: 11431: 11335: 11267: 11018: 11013: 11003: 10279: 10122: 9619: 9504: 9255: 9250: 9097: 8862: 8842: 8719: 8580: 8510: 8455:

The Indonesian migrations to Madagascar: making sense of the multidisciplinary evidence

8383: 8375: 8142: 7989:

Southeast Asia in the Age of Commerce, 1450–1680. Volume One: The Lands Below the Winds

7915: 7824: 7774: 7766: 7561: 7382: 7357: 7333: 7243: 7196: 7115:. Jakarta: Gramedia Pustaka Utama. An Indonesian translation of Lombard, Denys (1990). 6674:

Manguin, Pierre-Yves; Nicholl, Robert (1985). "The Introduction of Islam into Champa".

6616:

Aris Ananta, Evi Nurvidya Arifin, M Sairi Hasbullah, Nur Budi Handayani, Agus Pramono.

6348:

Behind the postcolonial: architecture, urban space, and political cultures in Indonesia

6187: 6070: 6050: 6042: 5980: 5920: 5105: 4874:

Aris Ananta, Evi Nurvidya Arifin, M Sairi Hasbullah, Nur Budi Handayani, Agus Pramono.

4266: 4216: 4043: 3836: 3812: 3749: 3514: 3013: 2926: 2788: 2503: 2237: 2186: 2166: 2102: 2040: 2015: 1982: 1957: 1949: 1883: 1688:. Due to various migrations, it can also be found in other parts of the world, such as 1516: 1446: 1359: 1135: 357: 353: 203: 8924:

Southeast Asia: A Historical Encyclopedia, from Angkor Wat to Timor. R-Z. Volume three

8401: 3163:

of Mataram, which forbade the Javanese to sail to the east of Lombok, to the north of

1453:. The further separation of the Javanese realm was marked by the establishment of the 11629: 11559: 11521: 11479: 11369: 11260: 11243: 11188: 10989: 10953: 10904: 10886: 10614: 10451: 10382: 10149: 10132: 9899: 9639: 9547: 9538: 9354: 9337: 9330: 9320: 9315: 9211: 9196: 9159: 9154: 9144: 8987: 8970: 8908: 8866: 8818: 8791: 8749: 8684: 8607: 8545: 8463: 8387: 8293: 8194: 8167: 8146: 8081: 8056: 8018: 7993: 7938: 7919: 7859: 7849: 7828: 7778: 7703:"Indonesia and Africa: questioning the origins of some of Africa's most famous icons" 7681: 7654: 7568: 7501: 7387: 7338: 7320: 7268: 7247: 7235: 7200: 7188: 7145: 6950: 6923: 6803: 6766: 6700: 6637: 6597: 6570: 6543: 6516: 6489: 6463: 6436: 6406: 6379: 6352: 6325: 6298: 6244: 6219: 6194: 6165: 6138: 6108: 6081: 6054: 5947: 5879: 5849: 5824: 5799: 5767: 5721: 5691: 5647: 5622: 5610: 5541: 5507: 5480: 5414: 5384: 5354: 5325: 5298: 5268: 5230: 5209: 5161: 5151: 5126: 5116: 5085: 5075: 4995: 4968: 4954: 4933: 4676: 4632: 4607: 4491: 4457: 4251: 4008: 3971: 3909: 3816: 3805: 3771: 3757: 3753: 3725: 3651: 3155: 3012:, with all the local linguistic modifications via Javanese or Malay language. As the 3001: 2959: 2954:(Marvels of India) gives an account of invasion in Africa by people called Wakwak or 2763: 2406:. It can also be used as stand-alone sauce with rice, prawns, eggs and vegetables as 2236:

Some notable examples of mosques using traditional Javanese architecture include the

1972: 1814: 1740: 1725: 1488: 1398: 1394: 1237: 1198: 806: 798: 794: 790: 738: 731: 719: 664: 506: 486: 438: 326: 8514: 7893: 7496: 5290: 1409:. The Mataram Sultanate reached its peak of power and influence during the reign of 11687: 11679: 11646: 11389: 11043: 11038: 10923: 10696: 10599: 10436: 10357: 10246: 10159: 10075: 9911: 9894: 9674: 9654: 9649: 9644: 9439: 9419: 9412: 9369: 9359: 9272: 9062: 9001:. Essay of Faculty of Cultural Studies. Gadjah Mada University of Yogyakarta, 2007. 8854: 8711: 8676: 8572: 8537: 8500: 8492: 8367: 8134: 7905: 7816: 7758: 7714: 7491: 7377: 7369: 7328: 7312: 7227: 7215: 7178: 6034: 5943: 5912: 5683: 5028: 4960: 4824:

Institut de la statistique et des études économiques de Nouvelle-Calédonie (ISEE).

4799: 4461: 4320: 4281: 4276: 4256: 4207: 4113: 3959: 3882: 3510: 3208: 3033: 2922: 2257: 2019: 1990: 1986: 1713: 1583: 1539: 1469: 1084: 1041: 896: 888: 627: 602: 558: 501: 476: 157: 11574: 10842: 9579: 8680: 8600:"Austronesian Shipping in the Indian Ocean: From Outrigger Boats to Trading Ships" 7879:

The Phantom Voyagers: Evidence of Indonesian Settlement in Africa in Ancient Times

7736:

The Phantom Voyagers: Evidence of Indonesian Settlement in Africa in Ancient Times

7231: 6825:

The Phantom Voyagers: Evidence of Indonesian Settlement in Africa in Ancient Times

5639: 4319:", according to the 1950 Malaysian census it was estimated that more than 189,000 3912:". The hair extends as far as the shoulders, the tonsure resembles the tonsure of 3885:

and in a certificate made by Pedro de Carvalhaes at Malacca on 4 October 1601. In

2008:

Unlike many other calendars, the Javanese calendar uses a 5-day week known as the

11659: 11604: 11596: 11401: 11142: 11121: 11106: 11102: 10875: 10869: 10825: 10790: 10711: 10594: 10409: 10367: 10324: 10299: 10095: 9986: 9921: 9874: 9869: 9634: 9614: 9609: 9599: 9557: 9516: 9499: 9494: 9458: 9342: 9282: 9238: 9119: 8902: 8858: 8812: 8785: 8739: 8541: 8188: 7910: 6694: 6631: 6510: 6483: 6457: 6430: 6400: 6292: 6274: 6159: 6132: 6102: 5793: 5761: 5715: 5535: 5501: 5474: 5408: 5378: 5292: 5205: 5145: 5069: 4927: 4784: 4755: 4485: 4156: 4012: 3994: 3913: 3547:

Fishes and tortoises coming in contact with it cannot escape from being scorched.

3376: 3294: 3257: 3128: 3110: 2997: 2898: 2452: 2069: 1953: 1916: 1831: 1784: 1777: 1731: 1492: 1321: 1127: 1123: 1061: 842: 838: 533: 491: 471: 399: 389: 380: 8563:

Hornell, James (December 1934). "Indonesian Influence on East African Culture".

8483:

Dewar, Robert E.; Wright, Henry T. (1993). "The culture history of Madagascar".

7111: 4901: 2766:

continue to practice Javanese-Hindu today, and live in villages on the slope of

1852:

and oral traditions, and have spread into several media and promoted as popular

11619: 11569: 11537: 11320: 10938: 10881: 10781: 10746: 10716: 10671: 10644: 10609: 10520: 10441: 10419: 10294: 10274: 10105: 10040: 10013: 9998: 9961: 9946: 9764: 9689: 9533: 9402: 9287: 9181: 9166: 9134: 8640: 8565:

The Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland

7462:

Cartas de Affonso de Albuquerque, Seguidas de Documentos que as Elucidam tomo I

7166: 6919:

Early South East Asia: essays in archaeology, history, and historical geography

6793: 6508: 6273:

Ministry of Culture and Tourism of the Republic of Indonesia (6 October 2009).

4125: 4050: 3955: 3851: 3840: 3781: 3690:

A drawing of Javanese manufacturing tools, handicrafts, and musical instruments

3253: 3249: 3220: 3201: 3147: 3106: 3086: 3029: 2886: 2639: 2556: 2476: 2195: 2061: 2002: 1810: 1767: 1615: 1545: 1229: 1225: 1065: 715: 394: 11077: 8371: 7820: 7762: 7530:"Perahu-Perahu Tradisional Nusantara: Suatu Tinjauan Perkapalan dan Pelayaran" 7480:"A sixteenth century Portuguese report concerning an early Javanese world map" 7183: 5294:

Austronesian diaspora and the ethnogeneses of people in Indonesian archipelago

5237:

2014 estimates, numbers subject to rapid population growth); about 10 million

1993:. The Javanese calendar is presently used mostly for cultural events (such as 1193:(r. 929–947) moved the capital of the kingdoms eastward to the valleys of the 895:. Javanese culture has greatly influenced their traditional cuisine with many 11723: 11624: 11614: 11579: 11564: 11554: 11549: 11340: 11288: 10948: 10943: 10933: 10847: 10832: 10800: 10741: 10721: 10676: 10654: 10604: 10530: 10513: 10404: 10372: 10309: 10068: 10045: 10035: 10025: 10020: 9991: 9904: 9884: 9824: 9809: 9774: 9759: 9694: 9664: 9604: 9521: 9487: 9475: 9463: 9434: 9389: 9347: 9305: 9277: 9191: 9149: 9004: 8688: 8636: 8290:

Hikayat Majapahit – Kebangkitan dan Keruntuhan Kerajaan Terbesar di Nusantara

8053:

The Cambridge History of Southeast Asia: Volume 1, From Early Times to C.1800

7973: 7863: 7585: 7505: 7324: 7239: 7192: 5695: 4826:"Population totale, selon la communauté par commune et Province de résidence" 4575: 4164: 4149: 3897: 3609: 3599: 3584: 3572: 3310: 3261: 3049: 2972: 2707: 2684: 2629: 2464: 2460: 2419: 2311: 2211: 2057:(Javanese area); this is the most of any area in Indonesia and Southeast Asia 2014:

cycle. This is still in use today and is superimposed with 7-day week of the

1800: 1788: 1659: 1646: 1454: 1383: 1194: 1179: 1073: 998: 892: 481: 434: 361: 281: 10185: 8702:

Miyazaki, Koji (2000). "Javanese-Malay: Between Adaptation and Alienation".

8138: 7809:

Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London

5846:

Runtuhnya kerajaan Hindu-Jawa dan timbulnya negara-negara Islam di Nusantara

5358: 4553: 11586: 11235: 10928: 10918: 10815: 10810: 10766: 10751: 10686: 10634: 10589: 10577: 10552: 10547: 10542: 10525: 10493: 10429: 10352: 9981: 9976: 9951: 9941: 9936: 9926: 9889: 9879: 9804: 9789: 9744: 9734: 9729: 9724: 9719: 9684: 9629: 9552: 9511: 9482: 9424: 9394: 9364: 9325: 9176: 9087: 9072: 8549: 7677:

A History of Modern Indonesia Since c. 1200 Fourth Edition (E-Book version)

7391: 7373: 7342: 6869:

Memoirs of the Research Department of the Toyo Bunko (the Oriental Library)

5687: 5234: 4652:"Negara yang Banyak Orang Jawa, Nomor 1 Jumlahnya Lebih dari 1,5 Juta Jiwa" 4271: 4109: 4101: 4085: 4080:

New migration patterns emerged during colonial periods. During the rise of

3987: 3832: 3526: 3487: 3479: 3265: 3160: 3102: 3017: 2990: 2816:, beliefs and practices. It is rooted in Javanese history and religiosity, 2715: 2703: 2387: 2375: 2343: 2181: 2108: 2050: 2034: 1998: 1913: 1805: 1709: 1677: 1549: 1527: 1496: 1430: 1344: 1258: 1248: 1202: 1171: 1119: 954: 946: 834: 810: 802: 774: 770: 742: 703: 496: 430: 331: 174: 8275:

Literary Representations of War and Warfare in Old Javanese Kakawin Poetry

5022: 4964: 4778:

De maatschappelijke situatie van Surinaamse bevolkingsgroepen in Nederland

3946:

since early times. The Link between Java and Malacca was important during

2493:, are very popular. After the advent of Islam, many Javanese began to use 2333: 1981:

is used by the Javanese people concurrently with two other calendars, the

11298: 10975: 10701: 10649: 10508: 10498: 10488: 10446: 10393: 10139: 10030: 10008: 9931: 9854: 9834: 9829: 9794: 9784: 9769: 9749: 9739: 9714: 9659: 9564: 9470: 9262: 9226: 9206: 9171: 9124: 9092: 9082: 9045: 8505: 8249:

Tadié, J (1998), Guillaud, Dominique; Seysset, M.; Walter, Annie (eds.),

7167:"Analysing the Presence of Enslaved Black People in Ancient Java Society" 6969: 5291:

Simanjuntak, Truman; Ingrid Harriet Eileen Pojoh; Muhamad Hisyam (2006).

4097: 3604: 3590: 3483: 3298: 3273: 3140: 3037: 3025: 2767: 2711: 2679: 2619: 1997:). The Javanese calendar system is currently a lunar calendar adopted by 1705: 1278: 1244: 1221: 1167: 1057: 913: 786: 421: 245: 8723: 8379: 8360:

Art Documentation: Journal of the Art Libraries Society of North America

8356:"The Past, Present, and Future of Javanese Batik: A Bibliographic Essay" 8355: 8250: 7770: 7719: 7702: 7630:. Lisbon: Regia Officina Typografica, 1778–1788. Reprint, Lisbon, 1974. 7002: 5984: 5968: 3854:(Great Java island), from Nicholas Vallard's manuscript sea atlas (1547) 3305:

type), such ships may reach 400–600 tons burthen, with an average of 92

2854: 1747:

family of languages and is closely related to, but distinct from, other

949:. Javanese culture has also spread widely beyond Southeast Asia such as 879:. Javanese heritage has created magnificent religious monuments such as 10969: 10861: 10837: 10805: 10681: 10503: 10478: 10465: 10226: 10127: 10110: 9779: 9706: 9574: 9569: 9407: 9186: 8642:

A descriptive dictionary of the Indian islands & adjacent countries

8584: 8496: 7292: 6789: 6620:. Singapore: ISEAS: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies, 2015. p. 273. 6509:

Witton, Patrick; Mark Elliott; Paul Greenway; Virginia Jealous (2003).

6046: 6022: 5924: 5900: 5472: 5226: 5032: 4236: 4121: 4117: 4093: 4027: 3905: 3775: 3745: 3608:

of 1225 CE. A part of the Javanese armies usually consisted of peasant

3506: 3475: 3302: 3164: 2963: 2817: 2735: 2546: 2507: 2499: 2383: 2379: 2371: 2207: 2199: 2191: 2130: 1693: 1681: 1603: 1481: 1458: 1406: 1348: 1282: 1243:

Singhasari dominance was cut short in 1292 by Kediri's rebellion under

1233: 1190: 1115: 1111: 864: 814: 384: 8015:

Technology, Skills and the Pre-Modern Economy in the East and the West

7316: 4241: 2778: 2262: 2075: 11204: 10795: 10691: 10661: 10085: 9969: 9528: 8217:

A Descriptive Dictionary of the Indian Islands and Adjacent Countries

4365: 4031: 3963: 3932: 3924: 3923:(1613–1645), some Javanese began to establish settlements in coastal 3901: 3824: 3744:

The Javanese were probably involved in the Austronesian migration to

3560: 3408: 3404: 3289: 3229: 3124: 3061: 2968: 2906: 2902: 2723: 2403: 2359: 2203: 2145: 2137: 2119: 2115: 2065: 2054: 1994: 1759: 1701: 1685: 1640: 1607: 1554: 1473: 1367: 1293: 1274: 1270: 1266: 1262: 1206: 1155: 1151: 1147: 1131: 1045: 1002: 950: 884: 880: 868: 778: 758: 746: 707: 263: 195: 131: 11490: 8715: 8576: 7459:

Carta IX, 1 April 1512. In Pato, Raymundo Antonio de Bulhão (1884).

7119:. Paris: Éditions de l'École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales. 6072:

The music of Malaysia: the classical, folk, and syncretic traditions

6038: 5916: 5107:

The music of Malaysia: the classical, folk, and syncretic traditions

4669:

Milner, Anthony (2011). "Chapter 7, Multiple forms of 'Malayness'".

4357:, the southern land which Eredia claims to have discovered The name 3085:

conquered Malacca, the Portuguese recovered a chart from a Javanese

11634: 10771: 10003: 9864: 9591: 9243: 8769: 7358:"A small cohort of Island Southeast Asian women founded Madagascar" 5264: 4328: 4144: 4129: 4073: 4035: 3983: 3936: 3792: 3424: 3118:— Letter of Albuquerque to King Manuel I of Portugal, 1 April 1512. 3090: 3078: 3065: 3053: 3009: 2918: 2805: 2731: 2727: 2719: 2692: 2659: 2649: 2576: 2566: 2482: 2423: 2355: 2141: 1978: 1935:. According to him, the Santri followed an orthodox interpretation 1836: 1752: 1697: 1689: 1665: 1636: 1588: 1477: 1402: 1371: 1340: 1335:

gained its foothold in port towns on Java's northern coast such as

1301: 1183: 1175: 1100: 1096: 1089: 958: 934: 860: 826: 762: 754: 446: 442: 299: 220: 149: 7264:中国与南海周边关系史 (History of China's Relations with the South China Sea) 6189:

Shifting languages: interaction and identity in Javanese Indonesia

4460:, an Austronesian ethnic group with mixed culture of Javanese and 3478:(in office 1331–1364) utilized gunpowder technology obtained from 2318:. Rice is seen as a symbol of development and prosperity, whereas 1809:. Upon Indonesian independence it was replaced with a form of the 1773: 1672:

is one of Javanese cultural expression that demonstrate refinement

10776: 10639: 10626: 10567: 10329: 9453: 9054: 7972:

This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the

7584:

This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the

6287: 5717:

Bali handbook with Lombok and the Eastern Isles: the travel guide

4749:

Omvang en spreiding van Surinaamse bevolkingsgroepen in Nederland

4160: 4054: 4039: 3967: 3928: 3828: 3494: 3372: 3269: 3132: 3098: 3045: 2838: 2809: 2797: 2699:

means there were Muslim people in close relation with the court.

2669: 2514: 2456: 2414: 2323: 2307: 2294:, the quintessentially Javanese rice dish, symbolises the volcano 2290: 2230: 2176: 1963:

Social stratification is much less rigid in northern coast area.

1941: 1932: 1928: 1669: 1619: 1598: 1563: 1462: 1434: 1375: 1374:. Demak twice attacked the Portuguese following their capture of 1139: 1110:

The cradle of Javanese culture is commonly described as being in

938: 908: 852: 849: 822: 6317: 5503:

Cambridge history of South East Asia: From early times to c.1500

4139:

Major migrations started during the Dutch colonial period under

1220:

in 1275. He also extended Javanese involvement in the lucrative

11542: 11310: 11057: 10820: 10756: 10572: 10562: 10557: 10537: 9381: 8843:"Indonesians overseas – deep histories and the view from below" 7465:(pp. 29–65). Lisboa: Typographia da Academia Real das Sciencas. 6398: 4132:

in the early 19th century. Their descendants are well known as

4089: 4058: 4023: 3896:

in all of their customs and in figure resemble the Javanese of

3631: 3578: 3564: 3456: 3136: 3041: 2955: 2883: 2494: 2447: 2435: 2347: 2284: 2277: 2273: 2267: 2218: 2123: 1924: 1623: 1559: 1336: 1197:

in the 10th century CE. The move was most likely caused by the

1053: 942: 904: 8953:. Translated from the Portuguese with notes by J. V. Mills in 8666: 8604:

Early Exchange between Africa and the Wider Indian Ocean World

7055:

Kartikaningsih (1992). p. 42, in Ani Triastanti (2007), p. 34.

5901:"Adam and Eve and Vishnu: Syncretism in the Javanese Slametan" 5759: 5593: 4952: 2762:

are also found in the Javanese community. The Javanese of the

1566:, are often used to promote the excellence of Javanese culture 1499:. With Japan's defeat, independence was proclaimed in the new 1186:, to Cambodia, laying the foundations for Khmer civilization. 636: 579: 11609: 11293: 10761: 10733: 10584: 10389: 10377: 10362: 10174: 9859: 9129: 7707:

The Journal for Transdisciplinary Research in Southern Africa

4376:. No. 53. (1909). p. 144). Crawfurd says that the expression 4332: 4324: 4246: 4168: 4105: 3979: 3975: 3951: 3861:

by Manuel Godinho de Eredia (1613), described what he called

3811:

In the conflicts during the transitions of power between the

3336: 2801: 2536: 2511: 2399: 2394: 2366: 2319: 2315: 2087: 2079: 1936: 1853: 1845: 1627: 1592: 1575: 1363: 1355: 1332: 1289: 1163: 1088:

Javanese adapted many aspects of Indian culture, such as the

930: 922: 900: 856: 818: 809:. The majority of the Javanese people identify themselves as 782: 766: 564: 8955:

Eredia's Description of Malaca, Meridional India, and Cathay

8458:. Melbourne Institute of Asian Languages and Societies, The 6946:

South-east Asia: a social, economic, and political geography

6676:

Journal of the Malaysian Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society

3297:

and Juwana) started building large European-styled vessels (

9916: 9297: 7096:(Singapore: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies), 101–122. 6157: 6023:"A Social History of Language Change in Highland East Java" 3797: 3635: 3554: 3518: 3467: 3332: 3277: 3060:. There were also those who went to the Maldives, Calicut ( 3057: 2981: 2914: 2910: 2893:(fleets from Java) which are recorded in Champa epigraphs. 2813: 2793: 2688: 2303: 2298: 2226: 2098: 1297: 1159: 1143: 926: 711: 570: 8959:

Journal of the Malayan Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society

8527: 6696:

Varieties of Javanese religion: an anthropological account

5473:

Miksic, John; Marcello Tranchini; Anita Tranchini (1996).

4583:. Southeast Asian Studies, Vol. 26, No.2. 2 September 2022 4577:

A Preliminary Report on the Javanese in Selangor, Malaysia

2114:

Two important religious monuments are the Hindu temple of

1751:. It is notable for its great number of nearly ubiquitous 1052:

origins whose ancestors are thought to have originated in

1033:

Cross-section of an outrigger boat, between 1863 and 1900.

605: 561: 6799:

Surviving Against the Odds: Village Industry in Indonesia

5998:

Florentius, Totok Sumaryanto; et al. (1 June 2018).

5646:. trans. Susan Brown Cowing. University of Hawaii Press. 3970:. Those migrations were to seek a new life away from the 3831:. There they established a sultanate and formed a mix of 3650:

Javanese woodworkers making traditional masks during the

3490:) was recorded as being used by Javanese people in 1413. 2339: 608: 100:

A Javanese bride and groom in traditional wedding dresses

8787:

Religions and missionaries around the Pacific, 1500–1900

7794:

Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient

6725: 6402:

Everyday Life in Asia: Social Perspectives on the Senses

4629:

Geographies of Muslim Women: Gender, Religion, and Space

2702:

A sizeable minority of Javanese (around 3%) also follow

2101:. As a result, numerous Hindu temples, locally known as 2035:

Historical temples located in Central Java and East Java

1522:

Yogyakarta and Pakualaman were later united to form the

1425:

A Javanese courtly ceremony at Keraton Surakarta in 1932

1079: 7290: 5875:

The Suma oriental of Tome Pires: an account of the East

5821:

A History of Modern Indonesia since c.1300, 2nd Edition

5286: 5284: 4959:(in Indonesian). Institute of Southeast Asian Studies. 4022:

have some degree of Javanese ancestry, concentrated in

2738:

for Catholicism. Native Christian churches such as the

2342:

lips and noses served with vegetable, shrimp prawn and

1919:

divided in the 1960s the Javanese community into three

1288:

Various kingdoms of Java were actively involved in the

8190:

Anthony Reid and the Study of the Southeast Asian Past

7094:

Anthony Reid and the Study of the Southeast Asian Past

6297:. Kraton Yogyakarta, Indonesia Marketing Association. 6130: 3219:

The Javanese were known to produce large ships called

2426:. It is an important part of many ceremonies in Java. 1630:. It is also reinforced through adherence to Javanese 6942: 6898: 6737: 6318:

Eliot, Joshua; Liz Capaldi; Jane Bickersteth (2001).

6275:"Trowulan – Former Capital City of Majapahit Kingdom" 648: 639: 633: 620: 592: 582: 576: 7171:

Journal of Maritime Studies and National Integration

6970:

Ronald Duane Renard; Mahāwitthayālai Phāyap (1986).

6888:. Indonesian Institute of Sciences. 1985. p. 8. 6788: 6067: 5563:"Kisah Mataram di Poros Kedu-Prambanan - Kompas.com" 5317: 5281: 5102: 4197: 3889:(1610) Eredia mentioned that the Javanese people of 3859:

Declaraçam de Malaca e India Meridional com o Cathay

3823:

in the late 16th century, some Javanese migrated to

3570:

Javanese people made several types of armor such as

1870:"Gemah Ripah Loh Jinawi, Toto Tentrem Kerto Raharjo" 1480:

between 1825 and 1830, and the leadership of Prince

1476:. Conflict with foreign rule was exemplified by the 1021:

with outrigger, Central Java, between 1924 and 1932.

611: 567: 8704:

Sojourn: Journal of Social Issues in Southeast Asia

8193:. Singapore: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies. 7072: 7070: 7003:Daniel George Edward Hall; Phút Tấn Nguyễn (1968). 6915: 6428: 6399:Kalekin-Fishman, Devorah; Kelvin E. Y. Low (2010). 5937: 5713: 5615: 5534:Spuler, Bertold; F.R.C. Bagley (31 December 1981). 5533: 4394:. (1882). pp, xi, xii). Major thinks it was Madura. 4136:(abbreviation of "Jawa Tondano"/Tondano Javanese). 3283:Impressed by the Javanese's skill in shipbuilding, 2221:in Java maintain a distinctive Javanese style. The 2090:, mortuary temples, palace complexes, and mosques. 1273:. Kertanegara policies were later continued by the 1103:influences arrived through trade contacts with the 630: 573: 6865: 6856: 6758: 6713: 6186: 6069: 5905:The Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute 5104: 3804:, retaining their Hindu religion and becoming the 3077:(1666 km) south of the southernmost point of 1676:Javanese culture is traditionally centered in the 1472:was significant, and included the re-discovery of 1265:near the delta of the Brantas River in modern-day 1138:. The most notable of the temples constructed are 1040:Like most Indonesian ethnic groups, including the 961:, where many of the Javanese diaspora live there. 202:(including Singaporean citizens, more than 60% of 8041:(Kuala Lumpur: Persatuan Muzium Malaysia), 53–76. 7651:Charting the Shape of Early Modern Southeast Asia 7112:Nusa Jawa: Silang Budaya, Bagian 2: Jaringan Asia 7009:. Pacific Northwest Trading Company. p. 136. 5604: 2971:, and also because they wanted black slaves from 2796:religious tradition, consisting of an amalgam of 2155: 11721: 8894:Religion and Societies: Asia and the Middle East 8229: 8227: 7523: 7521: 7519: 7403: 7401: 7135: 7133: 7131: 7129: 7127: 7125: 7104: 7102: 7067: 7058: 6375:International encyclopaedia of Islamic dynasties 6158:Marr, David G.; Anthony Crothers Milner (1986). 5938:Aritonang, Jan Sihar; Steenbrink, Karel (2008). 2947:in 1610, the land had seemingly been abandoned. 1783:The Javanese language was formerly written with 352:Western Javanese (North Banten, Cirebon, Tegal, 8840: 7473: 7471: 7028:Nastiti (2003), in Ani Triastanti, 2007, p. 34. 7019:Nastiti (2003), in Ani Triastanti, 2007, p. 39. 6996: 6294:Kraton Jogja: the history and cultural heritage 5763:World and Its Peoples: Indonesia and East Timor 5261:Punjab: A History from Aurangzeb to Mountbatten 4713:. Central Intelligence Agency. 18 December 2019 3621:Pekalongan, Kauman, Kampung Taman and Laweyan. 2517:names followed by a traditional Javanese name. 9034: 8281: 8207: 7898:HISTORIA: Jurnal Pendidik Dan Peneliti Sejarah 7894:"Re-Estimating the Size of Javanese Jong Ship" 7845:Water Transport: Origins & Early Evolution 7800: 7785: 7680:(4th ed.). New York: Palgrave Macmillan. 7667: 7622: 7620: 7553: 7453: 7438: 7436: 7434: 7418: 7088: 7086: 7084: 7082: 6989:Bulletin de l'École française d'Extrême-Orient 6963: 6816: 6673: 5027:(Thesis). The University of British Columbia. 4946: 4435:'s map of the Eastern Seas contains the forms 4065:with trade based from northern coast of Java. 4042:. Most of them have identified themselves as " 2936:, which is believed to be Australia. But when 1441:, which would also eventually control most of 706:native to the central and eastern part of the 683: 71: 53: 11506: 11220: 10215: 10201: 9020: 8731: 8445: 8224: 8111: 8044: 7926: 7742: 7644: 7642: 7640: 7516: 7398: 7122: 7099: 6840:Nalanda-Sriwijaya Center Working Paper Series 6539:Indonesia OK!!: the guide with a gentle twist 6068:Matusky, Patricia Ann; Sooi Beng Tan (2004). 5537:The Muslim world: a historical survey, Part 4 5206:Understanding Arabs: A Guide For Modern Times 5103:Matusky, Patricia Ann; Sooi Beng Tan (2004). 4870: 4868: 4383:denoted Madura. Janssen thinks that Eredia's 887:which are among the world's largest temples. 8662: 8660: 8658: 8656: 8591: 7468: 7428:(Ithaca: Cornell University Press), 197–213. 6831: 6020: 5973:Bijdragen tot de Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde 5740: 5344: 5342: 5340: 4049:Javanese merchants were also present in the 3666:The carpenters' tools of the Javanese people 3074:Itinerario de Ludouico de Varthema Bolognese 1821: 8950:Description of Malacca and Meridional India 8817:. Cambridge University Press. p. 384. 8521: 8482: 8277:(PhD thesis). The University of Queensland. 7617: 7431: 7216:"Black Africans on the maritime silk route" 7079: 6892: 6850: 6429:DuFon, Margaret A.; Eton Churchill (2006). 6161:Southeast Asia in the 9th to 14th centuries 5734: 5709: 5707: 5705: 5506:. Cambridge University Press. p. 203. 4762: 4701: 4699: 4662: 4532:"History of Javanese Migration to Malaysia" 3869:(Demak) in Java, to a Southern land called 2122:. Both of them are 9th century temples and 1634:(traditional rules) in ceremonies, such as 1001:, a 2003 reconstruction of the 9th century 11513: 11499: 11227: 11213: 10208: 10194: 9027: 9013: 8476: 8353: 8266: 8180: 8159: 7637: 6936: 6432:Language learners in study abroad contexts 5997: 5402: 5400: 5351:Muslims of Sri Lanka: avenues to antiquity 5055:Muslims of Sri Lanka: avenues to antiquity 5046: 4865: 4601: 3460:, and a model of a cannon in its carriage. 2422:, usually with rice coloured yellow using 2184:. This architecture style can be found at 156:(including Malaysian citizens counted as " 8891: 8653: 8504: 8312: 7937:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 7909: 7876: 7733: 7718: 7700: 7495: 7381: 7332: 7182: 6909: 6822: 6784: 6782: 6731: 6184: 6131:Robson, Stuart; Singgih Wibisono (2002). 5878:. New Delhi: Asian Educational Services. 5795:Indo-Islamic society, 14th–15th centuries 5666: 5529: 5527: 5525: 5523: 5337: 4817: 4725: 4620: 3791:Since the Hindu kingdom period, Javanese 3064:), Oman, Aden, and the Red Sea. Ma Huan ( 3032:, Timor, Banda, Sumatra, Malacca, China, 1433:established their trading headquarter in 945:puppetry were introduced to them through 11052: 10962: 8804: 8701: 8635: 8313:Miksic, John N.; Goh, Geok Yian (2017). 8287: 8248: 8238:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 8213: 8186: 7957: 7806: 7673: 7559: 6922:. Oxford University Press. p. 447. 6759:Gérard, Françoise; François Ruf (2001). 6623: 6535: 6459:Djakabaia: Djalan-djalan dan Makan-makan 6424: 6422: 6324:. Footprint Travel Guides. p. 303. 6238: 6164:. Institute of Southeast Asian Studies. 5966: 5818: 5702: 5561:Media, Kompas Cyber (18 February 2012). 5376: 5229:and 36.4 million Bengali Muslims in the 5067: 5020: 4696: 4415:, or some dialectical variant thereof. ( 4067: 3845: 3093:. Regarding the chart Albuquerque said: 2283: 2272: 2261: 2165: 2074: 2060: 2044: 1895: 1878:"Rawe-Rawe rantas, Malang-Malang putung" 1835: 1772: 1664: 1569: 1553: 1506: 1420: 1311: 1083: 8900: 8836: 8834: 8810: 8597: 8562: 8451: 8233: 8117: 8075: 8050: 7935:The Cambridge History of Southeast Asia 7932: 7891: 7841: 7791: 7748: 7527: 7407: 7164: 7139: 6837: 6754: 6752: 6656: 6405:. Ashgate Publishing, Ltd. p. 52. 6213: 6126: 6124: 5867: 5865: 5843: 5787: 5785: 5783: 5760:Marshall Cavendish Corporation (2007). 5644:The Indianized States of Southeast Asia 5587: 5499: 5406: 5397: 5372: 5370: 5368: 5348: 5321:ISSUES IN TRADITIONAL MALAYSIAN CULTURE 5297:. Yayasan Obor Indonesia. p. 422. 5225:roughly 152 million Bengali Muslims in 5052: 4925: 4483: 4372:refers to the Archipelago in general. ( 2678:Today, most Javanese officially follow 2049:There are hundreds of temples found in 1558:Javanese cultural expressions, such as 813:, with a small minority identifying as 544:question marks, boxes, or other symbols 532:This article contains letters from the 14: 11722: 11234: 8930: 8783: 8737: 8606:. Palgrave Macmillan. pp. 51–76. 7477: 7426:Southeast Asia in the Early Modern Era 6779: 6743: 6692: 6629: 5940:A History of Christianity in Indonesia 5898: 5638: 5632: 5520: 5476:Borobudur: Golden Tales of the Buddhas 5324:, Partridge Singapore, pp. 107–, 5318:GHULAM-SARWAR YOUSOF (26 April 2013), 5258: 4675:. John Wiley & Sons. p. 197. 4668: 4626: 4534:(in Indonesian). Kompas. 5 August 2022 4392:Malaca, Vlnde Meridionale ei le Cathay 4124:and his followers were transported to 4018:In Singapore, approximately 50–60% of 3594:. They also made steel helmets called 3521:, exceeding what they have in India". 3438:Various keris and pole weapons of Java 2082:temple near Tawang Mangu, Central Java 2022:to become what is known as the 35-day 1945:), and the priyayi were the nobility. 1307: 11520: 11494: 11208: 10189: 9008: 8306: 8163:A History of Greek Fire and Gunpowder 8012: 7848:. Newton Abbot: David & Charles. 7442: 6802:. Duke University Press. p. 50. 6455: 6435:. Multilingual Matters. p. 110. 6419: 6371: 6344: 6243:. Melbourne: Fontana. pp. 9–10. 6100: 6010:(2): 3, 6 – via Unnes Journals. 5969:"The Terminology of Javanese Kinship" 5871: 5560: 5444:"Pemetaan Genetika Manusia Indonesia" 5143: 5061: 4847:"Meeting Javanese People in Thailand" 4554:"The Javanese connection in Malaysia" 3740:Indonesian Malaysians § Javanese 3379:, bow and arrows, blowpipe, and sling 3204:from Borobudur temple, 8th century AD 3089:, which already included part of the 2691:. In the Troloyo/Tralaya cemetery of 2418:, is a rice served in the shape of a 2332:A famous food in Javanese cuisine is 2140:Kingdom (14th to 16th century AD) in 1080:Ancient Javanese kingdoms and empires 753:, as well as other countries such as 718:as a whole. Their native language is 8841:Martinez, J.T; Vickers, A.H (2012). 8831: 8669:Paramita: Historical Studies Journal 8327: 8272: 8187:Wade, Geoff; Tana, Li, eds. (2012). 7985: 7870: 7648: 7534:Eksplorasi Sumberdaya Budaya Maritim 7484:História, Ciências, Saúde-Manguinhos 7213: 6749: 6596:. Frances Lincoln Ltd. p. 173. 6593:Indonesian Regional Food and Cookery 6589: 6121: 5862: 5823:. London: MacMillan. pp. 9–10. 5791: 5780: 5766:. Marshall Cavendish. p. 1333. 5365: 4644: 4631:, Guilford Press, pp. 127–146, 4510: 2882:Champa was assaulted by Javanese or 2354:is considered a traditional food in 1864:, used as the national motto of the 546: instead of Javanese characters. 118:Regions with significant populations 8921: 7408:Stanley, Henry Edward John (1866). 7260: 6719: 6618:Demography of Indonesia's Ethnicity 6562: 6378:. Anmol Publications. p. 148. 6216:Falsafah Jawa Soeharto & Jokowi 5714:Capaldi, Liz; Joshua Eliot (2000). 5024:Javanization of Indonesian politics 4956:Demography of Indonesia's Ethnicity 4876:Demography of Indonesia's Ethnicity 4797: 3916:, with a curiously curved contour. 3756:is derived from loanwords from the 3513:led by Pati Unus, sailed to attack 2190:, or palaces, of the Sultanates of 1891: 24: 8947:de Eredia, Manuel Godinho (1613). 8941: 8292:. Jakarta: Elex Media Komputindo. 7751:Journal of Southeast Asian Studies 7362:Proceedings of the Royal Society B 6860:Memoirs of the Research Department 4889:The Linguistics Student's Handbook 4464:(heavier influence from Javanese). 3942:The Javanese were also present in 3843:with heavy influence of Javanese. 3309:(165.6–184 metric tons). In 1856, 2921:), Pujut (Australia), and Bondan ( 2844: 2754:) also exist. On a smaller scale, 1574:The Javanese are the inventors of 1386:, establishing in the process the 25: 11766: 8645:. Bradbury & Evans. pp. 6663:. South Tangerang: Pustaka IIMaN. 6542:. Galangpress Group. p. 72. 6289:Karaton Ngayogyakarta Hadiningrat 5267:: Aleph Book Company. p. 1. 4456:Likely what he meant here is the 4182: 3272:; and the south coast of Borneo ( 3239:(eye ornament) on African boats. 2378:which is made from young Nangka ( 1813:. While Javanese was not made an 1766:(the standardized variant of the 978:Javanese people § Migrations 737:There are significant numbers of 11261:Peranakan / Straits-Born Chinese 8777: 8695: 8629: 8620: 8556: 8419: 8394: 8347: 8321: 8242: 8153: 8094: 8069: 8031: 8006: 7979: 7967: 7951: 7885: 7835: 7727: 7694: 7591: 7579: 7540: 7284: 7254: 7207: 7158: 7049: 7040: 7031: 7022: 7013: 6980: 6488:. AgroMedia. 2008. p. 136. 6185:Errington, James Joseph (1998). 5743:"Tracing the glory of Majapahit" 5021:Thornton, David Leonard (1972). 4556:. MalaysiaKini. 21 November 2021 4450: 4397: 4338: 4200: 3707: 3695: 3683: 3671: 3659: 3643: 3443: 3431: 3416: 3396: 3384: 3364: 3352: 3324: 3188: 3179: 2865: 2853: 2820:aspects of different religions. 2382:) boiled for several hours with 2314:countries who tend more towards 1416: 1354:Java underwent major changes as 1026: 1010: 991: 626: 601: 557: 524: 292: 274: 256: 238: 213: 188: 167: 142: 124: 94: 8738:LePoer, Barbara Leitch (1991). 8328:Yang, Shao-yun (15 June 2020). 7701:Dick-Read, Robert (July 2006). 7674:Ricklefs, Merle Calvin (2008). 7567:. London: The Hakluyt Society. 7497:10.1590/s0104-59701996000400005 6876: 6686: 6667: 6650: 6636:. University of Chicago Press. 6610: 6583: 6556: 6529: 6502: 6476: 6449: 6392: 6365: 6338: 6311: 6281: 6266: 6257: 6232: 6207: 6178: 6151: 6094: 6076:. Ashgate Publishing. pp. 6061: 6021:Smith-Hefner, Nancy J. (1989). 6014: 5991: 5960: 5931: 5892: 5848:. Yogyakarta, Indonesia: LKiS. 5837: 5812: 5753: 5660: 5642:(1968). Walter F. Vella (ed.). 5581: 5554: 5493: 5466: 5450:(in Indonesian). Archived from 5436: 5427: 5311: 5252: 5239:Bangladeshis in the Middle East 5219: 5198: 5172: 5137: 5111:. Ashgate Publishing. pp. 5096: 5014: 5002:. Encyclopedia Britannica. 2010 4988: 4919: 4894: 4881: 4839: 4791: 4403:According to Ferrand, the word 3732:Javanese contact with Australia 3624: 3615: 3538:), and is also called mud oil ( 3288:century, shipbuilding yards in 2266:The Javanese may have invented 2029: 1952:Indonesians such as persons of 1758:Many Javanese in Indonesia are 1320:(upper right) watching warlord 977: 11755:Ethnic groups in New Caledonia 11470:Immigrant workers in Singapore 8982:Nugroho, Irawan Djoko (2011). 8814:A history of Islamic societies 8055:. Cambridge University Press. 7965:. London: The Hakluyt Society. 7140:Nugroho, Irawan Djoko (2011). 6943:Charles Alfred Fisher (1964). 6899:Greater India Society (1934). 6699:. Cambridge University Press. 6515:. Lonely Planet. p. 108. 6485:Tempat Makan Favorit di 6 Kota 6193:. Cambridge University Press. 5600:Laguna Copperplate Inscription 5540:. Brill Archive. p. 252. 4595: 4568: 4546: 4524: 4504: 4477: 4309: 3198:Ships of the Javanese people: 3170: 2950:The 10th century Arab account 2823: 2156:Traditional Javanese buildings 2133:in the slope of Mount Merapi. 1292:trade in the sea route of the 1228:. Following the defeat of the 13: 1: 8847:Indonesia and the Malay World 8744:. Federal Research Division, 8681:10.15294/paramita.v28i1.10923 8598:Manguin, Pierre-Yves (2016). 8118:Manguin, Pierre-Yves (1976). 7232:10.1080/13639811.2017.1344050 7220:Indonesia and the Malay World 6992:. L'Ecole. 1941. p. 263. 6214:Soeseno, Ki Nardjoko (2014). 5741:Sita W. Dewi (9 April 2013). 5208:, Intercultural Press, 2005, 4470: 4335:and other states in Malaysia. 4177:Putra Jawa Kelahiran Sumatera 3719: 3534:is a kind of tree secretion ( 3450:Javanese weapons: Spears, an 3403:Short swords, shields, and a 3317: 2872:A Merchant of Java, 1640–1649 2714:), which are concentrated in 2326:are associated with poverty. 1905: 1324:fighting Captain Tack of the 1166:, Indianized kingdoms of the 749:regions, including the other 10874:Peranakan Eropah (including 8859:10.1080/13639811.2012.683667 8811:Lapidus, Ira Marvin (2002). 8542:10.1016/j.jhevol.2004.05.005 7911:10.17509/historia.v5i1.39181 7599:"Majapahit-era Technologies" 7478:Olshin, Benjamin B. (1996). 6916:Ralph Bernard Smith (1979). 6569:. ANU E Press. p. 126. 6321:Indonesia handbook, Volume 3 6027:The Journal of Asian Studies 5263:. New Delhi, India, Urbana, 4422:. Tome XX. (1920). p. 190). 4072:Javanese migrant workers in 3752:of Borneo, a portion of the 3482:for use in the naval fleet. 3276:) and the adjacent islands. 2891:Javabala-sanghair-nāvāgataiḥ 7: 8984:Majapahit Peradaban Maritim 8969:, Oxford University Press, 8901:Degroot, Véronique (2009). 8602:. In Campbell, Gwyn (ed.). 8485:Journal of World Prehistory 8452:Adelaar, Alexander (2006). 8402:"UNESCO - Indonesian Batik" 7532:, in Edi, Sedyawati (ed.), 7443:Jones, John Winter (1863). 7142:Majapahit Peradaban Maritim 6866:Tōyō Bunko (Japan) (1972). 6857:Tōyō Bunko (Japan) (1972). 6372:Singh, Nagendra Kr (2002). 6134:Javanese English dictionary 5720:. Footprint Travel Guides. 4828:(in French). Archived from 4292:Indonesians in Saudi Arabia 4193: 4179:or Sumatra-born Javanese). 3678:Javanese agricultural tools 3359:Varieties of Javanese keris 2520: 2370:is a traditional food from 2118:and the Buddhist temple of 1966: 1904:(aristocrat) and servants, 1719: 1491:, Java was captured by the 1411:Sultan Agung Hanyokrokusumo 1393:Demak was succeeded by the 1218:most importantly to Sumatra 1056:, and migrated through the 831:fourth largest in the world 722:, it is the largest of the 10: 11771: 11745:Ethnic groups in Singapore 11735:Ethnic groups in Indonesia 9036:Ethnic groups in Indonesia 8986:. Suluh Nuswantara Bakti. 8884: 8741:Singapore, a country study 8530:Journal of Human Evolution 8160:Partington, J. R. (1999). 8080:. Gramedia Pustaka Utama. 8051:Tarling, Nicholas (1992). 7958:Cortesão, Armando (1944). 7933:Tarling, Nicholas (1999). 7892:Averoes, Muhammad (2022). 7877:Dick-Read, Robert (2005). 7734:Dick-Read, Robert (2005). 7560:Cortesão, Armando (1944). 7528:Liebner, Horst H. (2005), 7144:. Suluh Nuswantara Bakti. 6823:Dick-Read, Robert (2005). 6765:. Routledge. p. 301. 6462:. Gramedia Pustaka Utama. 5500:Tarling, Nicholas (1999). 5410:Gamelan music of Indonesia 5377:Williams, Faldela (1988). 5349:Shucker, M. A. M. (1986). 5068:Williams, Faldela (1988). 5053:Shucker, M. A. M. (1986). 4186: 4128:, following his defeat in 3887:Report of Meridional India 3729: 3723: 3530:), which according to the 2831: 2748:East Java Christian Church 2474: 2445:A notable food in Java is 2255: 2251: 2170:Traditional Javanese house 2162:Javanese traditional house 2159: 2150:UNESCO World Heritage Site 2038: 1970: 1825: 1729: 1723: 1543: 1537: 1533: 1437:. Java slowly fell to the 1382:of the Portuguese and the 1064:has almost equal ratio of 975: 968: 964: 29: 11750:Ethnic groups in Suriname 11740:Ethnic groups in Malaysia 11701: 11678: 11645: 11595: 11528: 11465: 11445: 11362: 11353: 11281: 11251: 11242: 11086: 11068: 10988: 10903: 10860: 10732: 10625: 10477: 10464: 10343: 10260: 10245: 10234: 10223: 10217:Ethnic groups in Malaysia 10056: 9960: 9843: 9705: 9590: 9380: 9296: 9053: 9042: 8892:Caldarola, Carlo (1982), 8372:10.1086/adx.12.3.27948560 8354:Stephenson, Nina (1993). 8039:Ships and Sunken Treasure 7992:. Yale University Press. 7821:10.1017/S0041977X00133105 7763:10.1017/S002246340000446X 7184:10.14710/jmsni.v6i1.14010 7076:de Eredia (1613). p. 262. 6630:Geertz, Clifford (1976). 6239:McDonald, Hamish (1980). 6107:. McFarland. p. 26. 5259:Gandhi, Rajmohan (2013). 5204:Margaret Kleffner Nydell 5150:. McFarland. p. 26. 4932:. Grafindo Litera Media. 4604:Kami Tidak Lupa Indonesia 4490:. Grafindo Litera Media. 4046:", rather than Javanese. 3612:who fought bare-chested. 3072:(1470–1517), in his book 2752:Gereja Kristen Jawi Wetan 2740:Javanese Christian Church 1850:Javanese historical texts 1822:Literature and philosophy 1524:Yogyakarta Special Region 1214:Kertanegara of Singhasari 1118:in the fertile slopes of 971:Javanese historical texts 941:musical instruments, and 728:number of native speakers 684: 668: 458: 453: 416: 411: 313: 308: 290: 272: 254: 236: 211: 186: 165: 140: 122: 117: 110: 105: 93: 72: 54: 47: 32:Javanese (disambiguation) 27:Ethnic group of Indonesia 11475:Immigration to Singapore 10290:Negeri Sembilanese Malay 8961:. Vol. VIII, April 1930. 8933:Islam in South East Asia 8234:Needham, Joseph (1986). 7626:Couto, Diogo do (1645). 7267:. Beijing Book Co. Inc. 7064:de Eredia (1613). p. 63. 6949:. Methuen. p. 108. 6872:. Toyo Bunko. p. 6. 6536:Soebroto, Chris (2004). 6351:. Routledge. p. 3. 6004:The Journal of Education 5844:Muljana, Slamet (2005). 5667:Griffiths, Arlo (2013). 5413:. Taylor & Francis. 5353:. Jamiah Naleemia Inst. 4929:Piwulang Basa Jawa Pepak 4487:Piwulang Basa Jawa Pepak 4303: 4287:Indonesians in Hong Kong 4227:Javanese New Caledonians 3567:and silver handicrafts. 2485:. Names with the prefix 2470: 2129:. Both are located near 1736:Javanese (Unicode block) 1653:However, the culture of 1644:, Javanese weddings and 1439:Dutch East India Company 1326:Dutch East India Company 1318:Amangkurat II of Mataram 1236:controlled trade in the 206:are of Javanese descent) 10358:Christmas Island Malays 10101:Bangka Belitung Chinese 8460:University of Melbourne 8288:Oktorino, Nino (2020). 8214:Crawfurd, John (1856). 8139:10.3406/arasi.1976.1103 8076:Pramono, Djoko (2005). 7842:Hornell, James (1946). 7546:Suarez, Thomas (2012). 7261:Shu, Yuan, ed. (2017). 6693:Beatty, Andrew (1999). 6563:Kim, Hyung-Jun (2006). 5967:Robinson, S.O. (1987). 5899:Beatty, Andrew (1996). 5819:Ricklefs, M.C. (1991). 5407:Spiller, Henry (2008). 5057:. Jamiah Naleemia Inst. 4800:"Javanese in Sri Lanka" 4484:Pramono, S. B. (2013). 4189:List of Javanese people 4141:transmigration programs 2860:A Javanese sailor, 1855 2683:states like Perlak and 2310:) and expatriates from 1443:Maritime Southeast Asia 1413:between 1613 and 1645. 873:Maritime Southeast Asia 449:(0.10%), Others (0.01%) 8922:Gin, Ooi Keat (2004), 8790:. Ashgate Publishing. 8784:Storch, Tanya (2006). 8315:Ancient Southeast Asia 7986:Reid, Anthony (1988). 7649:Reid, Anthony (2000). 7628:Da Ásia: Década Quarta 7414:. The Hakluyt Society. 7374:10.1098/rspb.2012.0012 7165:Maziyah, Siti (2022). 7046:Nugroho (2011). p. 73. 7037:Nugroho (2011). p. 39. 6657:Sunyoto, Agus (2017). 6345:Kusno, Abidin (2000). 5798:. BRILL. p. 217. 5688:10.3406/arch.2013.4384 4926:Pramono, S.B. (2013). 4783:18 August 2015 at the 4754:18 August 2015 at the 4152:, a French territory. 4077: 4020:its "Malay" population 3986:, plus cities such as 3952:religious missionaries 3855: 3835:and Javanese culture. 3789: 3549: 3121: 2887:vessels in 774 and 787 2295: 2281: 2270: 2246:Great Mosque of Banten 2171: 2095:Indonesian archipelago 2083: 2072: 2068:, the world's largest 2058: 1909: 1841: 1780: 1749:languages of Indonesia 1673: 1579: 1567: 1426: 1329: 1261:would later establish 1253:invading Mongol troops 1093: 1048:, the Javanese are of 751:provinces of Indonesia 724:Austronesian languages 660: 11306:Ceylonese/Sri Lankans 8931:Hooker, M.B. (1988), 8220:. Bradbury and Evans. 7108:Lombard, Denys (2005) 6456:Tania, Vania (2008). 6137:. Tuttle Publishing. 5479:. Tuttle Publishing. 4965:10.1355/9789814519885 4835:on 28 September 2007. 4297:Indonesians in Taiwan 4071: 3849: 3786:Decada Quarta da Asia 3767: 3544: 3423:Javanese weapons and 3285:Afonso de Albuquerque 3095: 3083:Afonso de Albuquerque 3008:with loan words from 3004:are sourced from the 3002:the Malagasy language 2612:Religion of Javanese 2510:Javanese usually use 2287: 2276: 2265: 2169: 2078: 2064: 2048: 1899: 1874:"Jer Basuki Mawa Bea" 1866:Republic of Indonesia 1839: 1776: 1668: 1573: 1557: 1507:Republic of Indonesia 1501:Republic of Indonesia 1487:Like the rest of the 1424: 1378:. They also attacked 1315: 1205:and/or invasion from 1087: 730:and also the largest 454:Related ethnic groups 112:More than 100 million 11256:Chinese Singaporeans 11128:China/Taiwan Chinese 8317:. London: Routledge. 7550:. Tuttle Publishing. 6633:The religion of Java 6101:Osnes, Beth (2010). 5946:. pp. 639–730. 5872:Pires, Tomé (1990). 5792:Wink, André (2004). 5433:Taylor (2003), p. 7. 5243:Bengalis in Pakistan 5144:Osnes, Beth (2010). 4887:Laurie Bauer, 2007, 4222:Javanese Singaporean 3919:During the reign of 3129:star path navigation 3070:Ludovico di Varthema 2668: Other, mostly 2127:World Heritage Sites 1960:and Indian descent. 1860:Bhinneka Tunggal Ika 1791:, natively known as 1399:Sultanate of Mataram 1343:), Tuban, Demak and 1232:in eastern Sumatra, 1122:as the heart of the 969:For other uses, see 825:ethnic group in the 463:Austronesian peoples 30:For other uses, see 11355:Foreign ethnicities 11273:Indian Singaporeans 11088:Foreign ethnicities 10471:Indigenous peoples) 8896:, Walter de Gruyter 8746:Library of Congress 8626:Mills (1930). p. 3. 8273:Jákl, Jiří (2014). 7720:10.4102/td.v2i1.307 7632:Década IV, part iii 7512:on 19 October 2023. 7309:2016NatSR...626066K 7214:Jákl, Jiří (2017). 6973:Anuson Walter Vella 6790:Dunham, Stanley Ann 6241:Suharto's Indonesia 5454:on 23 February 2016 5380:Cape Malay Cookbook 5247:British Bangladeshi 5180:"Publication Name:" 5071:Cape Malay Cookbook 4996:"Javanese language" 4606:. Bentang Pustaka. 4602:Kompasiana (2016). 4262:Javanese literature 4232:Javanese Surinamese 4171:provinces. Several 3950:in Indonesia, when 3736:Javanese Malaysians 3542:). Zhang Xie wrote: 3339:as the handle. The 3114:navigate farther." 2940:'s servant went to 2744:Gereja Kristen Jawa 2242:Menara Kudus Mosque 1828:Javanese literature 1787:descended from the 1743:is a member of the 1405:, near present-day 1388:Sultanate of Banten 1308:Javanese sultanates 1136:temple construction 1105:Indian subcontinent 512:Javanese Surinamese 229:Javanese Surinamese 44: 11268:Malay Singaporeans 11236:Singaporean people 11029:Indians in Sarawak 10320:Terengganuan Malay 8497:10.1007/bf00997802 8431:CIFOR Forests News 8390:– via JSTOR. 7831:– via JSTOR. 7653:. Silkworm Books. 7449:. Hakluyt Society. 7297:Scientific Reports 7006:Đông Nam Á sử lược 6590:Owen, Sri (1999). 6057:– via JSTOR. 5987:– via JSTOR. 5927:– via JSTOR. 5033:10.14288/1.0101705 4711:The World Factbook 4267:Javanese Kshatriya 4217:Javanese Malaysian 4078: 3856: 3837:Palembang language 3563:is famous for its 3515:Portuguese Malacca 3252:and 76.18–79.81 m 3127:technique called " 2909:(1000–1049 AD) of 2504:European languages 2296: 2282: 2271: 2238:Agung Demak Mosque 2172: 2084: 2073: 2059: 2041:Candi of Indonesia 2016:Gregorian calendar 1983:Gregorian calendar 1910: 1884:Tut Wuri Handayani 1842: 1781: 1762:, being fluent in 1674: 1580: 1568: 1515:, the Sunanate of 1427: 1360:Sultanate of Demak 1330: 1094: 204:Singaporean Malays 42: 11717: 11716: 11522:Surinamese people 11488: 11487: 11480:Race in Singapore 11461: 11460: 11349: 11348: 11202: 11201: 11064: 11063: 10984: 10983: 10954:Penangite Chinese 10899: 10898: 10856: 10855: 10460: 10459: 10315:Selangorian Malay 10280:Kelantanese Malay 10183: 10182: 8997:Triastanti, Ani. 8976:978-0-19-582542-8 8824:978-0-521-77933-3 8797:978-0-7546-0667-3 8299:978-623-00-1741-4 8200:978-981-4311-96-0 8173:978-0-8018-5954-0 7317:10.1038/srep26066 7151:978-602-9346-00-8 6929:978-0-19-713587-7 6809:978-0-8223-4687-6 6772:978-0-7007-1465-0 6706:978-0-521-62473-2 6643:978-0-226-28510-8 6603:978-0-7112-1273-2 6576:978-1-920942-34-2 6522:978-1-74059-154-6 6442:978-1-85359-851-7 6412:978-0-7546-7994-3 6331:978-1-900949-51-4 6225:978-602-7733-82-4 6200:978-0-521-63448-9 6171:978-9971-988-39-5 6144:978-0-7946-0000-6 6114:978-0-7864-4838-8 6087:978-0-7546-0831-8 5773:978-0-7614-7643-6 5727:978-0-658-01454-3 5653:978-0-8248-0368-1 5627:978-0-8248-0368-1 5611:Ligor inscription 5547:978-90-04-06196-5 5513:978-0-521-66369-4 5486:978-0-945971-90-0 5420:978-0-415-96067-0 5390:978-1-86825-560-3 5331:978-1-4828-9540-7 5304:978-979-26-2436-6 5274:978-93-83064-41-0 5231:Republic of India 5157:978-0-7864-4838-8 5122:978-0-7546-0831-8 5081:978-1-86825-560-3 4974:978-981-4519-87-8 4939:978-979-3896-38-0 4804:joshuaproject.net 4798:Project, Joshua. 4682:978-0-7748-1333-4 4497:978-979-3896-38-0 4458:Cirebonese people 4431:has become lory. 4252:Saminism Movement 4009:Javanese language 3944:Peninsular Malaya 3806:Tenggerese people 3772:Cape of Good Hope 3758:Javanese language 3754:Malagasy language 3726:Javanese diaspora 3652:Dutch East Indies 3497:), long muskets, 3474:(prime minister) 3371:Weapons of Java: 3335:with a figure of 3207:Javanese jong in 3156:Mataram Sultanate 3006:Ma'anyan language 2605: 2604: 1973:Javanese calendar 1815:official language 1726:Javanese language 1714:Sundanese culture 1489:Dutch East Indies 1395:Kingdom of Pajang 1380:the allied forces 1328:(VOC). Ca 1684 AD 1281:and his minister 1251:with the help of 1238:Strait of Malacca 1199:volcanic eruption 1164:southern Thailand 739:Javanese diaspora 732:regional language 540:rendering support 520: 519: 334:(used in rituals) 179:1,000,000 (2014) 136:98,217,022 (2010) 18:Javanese (people) 16:(Redirected from 11762: 11515: 11508: 11501: 11492: 11491: 11360: 11359: 11249: 11248: 11229: 11222: 11215: 11206: 11205: 11058:Peranakan Chitty 11050: 11049: 11024:Indians in Sabah 11009:Penangite Indian 10960: 10959: 10475: 10474: 10335:Sarawakian Malay 10258: 10257: 10243: 10242: 10210: 10203: 10196: 10187: 10186: 9029: 9022: 9015: 9006: 9005: 8979: 8967:Javanese culture 8936: 8927: 8918: 8897: 8878: 8877: 8875: 8873: 8853:(117): 111–121. 8838: 8829: 8828: 8808: 8802: 8801: 8781: 8775: 8774: 8764: 8762: 8735: 8729: 8727: 8699: 8693: 8692: 8664: 8651: 8650: 8633: 8627: 8624: 8618: 8617: 8595: 8589: 8588: 8560: 8554: 8553: 8525: 8519: 8518: 8508: 8480: 8474: 8473: 8449: 8443: 8442: 8440: 8438: 8423: 8417: 8416: 8414: 8412: 8398: 8392: 8391: 8351: 8345: 8344: 8342: 8340: 8325: 8319: 8318: 8310: 8304: 8303: 8285: 8279: 8278: 8270: 8264: 8263: 8262: 8260: 8246: 8240: 8239: 8231: 8222: 8221: 8211: 8205: 8204: 8184: 8178: 8177: 8157: 8151: 8150: 8124: 8115: 8109: 8102:The China Review 8098: 8092: 8091: 8073: 8067: 8066: 8048: 8042: 8035: 8029: 8028: 8010: 8004: 8003: 7983: 7977: 7971: 7970: 7966: 7955: 7949: 7948: 7930: 7924: 7923: 7913: 7889: 7883: 7882: 7874: 7868: 7867: 7839: 7833: 7832: 7804: 7798: 7797: 7789: 7783: 7782: 7746: 7740: 7739: 7731: 7725: 7724: 7722: 7698: 7692: 7691: 7671: 7665: 7664: 7646: 7635: 7624: 7615: 7614: 7612: 7610: 7605:. 2 October 2018 7603:Nusantara Review 7595: 7589: 7583: 7582: 7578: 7557: 7551: 7544: 7538: 7537: 7525: 7514: 7513: 7508:. 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According to 2869: 2857: 2667: 2657: 2647: 2637: 2627: 2617: 2525: 2524: 2322:vegetables like 2258:Javanese cuisine 2097:, especially in 2020:Islamic calendar 1991:Islamic holidays 1987:Islamic calendar 1907: 1892:Social structure 1778:Javanese abugida 1770:) and Javanese. 1584:Javanese culture 1540:Javanese culture 1470:Stamford Raffles 1397:and finally the 1030: 1014: 995: 947:Javanese contact 889:Javanese culture 698: 687: 686: 681: 670: 652: 646: 645: 642: 641: 638: 635: 632: 618: 617: 614: 613: 610: 607: 596: 589: 588: 585: 584: 581: 578: 575: 572: 569: 566: 563: 528: 527: 298: 296: 295: 280: 278: 277: 262: 260: 259: 244: 242: 241: 232: 219: 217: 216: 207: 194: 192: 191: 182: 173: 171: 170: 161: 148: 146: 145: 130: 128: 127: 106:Total population 98: 85: 75: 74: 67: 57: 56: 45: 41: 21: 11770: 11769: 11765: 11764: 11763: 11761: 11760: 11759: 11730:Javanese people 11720: 11719: 11718: 11713: 11697: 11674: 11641: 11591: 11524: 11519: 11489: 11484: 11457: 11441: 11345: 11277: 11238: 11233: 11203: 11198: 11089: 11082: 11071:(non-Peranakan) 11070: 11060: 11048: 10992: 10980: 10958: 10907: 10895: 10892:Peranakan Turki 10852: 10728: 10621: 10480: 10470: 10468: 10456: 10339: 10295:Penangite Malay 10249: 10230: 10219: 10214: 10184: 10179: 10052: 9956: 9846: 9839: 9701: 9586: 9376: 9292: 9049: 9038: 9033: 8977: 8944: 8942:Further reading 8939: 8915: 8887: 8882: 8881: 8871: 8869: 8839: 8832: 8825: 8809: 8805: 8798: 8782: 8778: 8760: 8758: 8756: 8736: 8732: 8716:10.1355/SJ15-1D 8700: 8696: 8665: 8654: 8634: 8630: 8625: 8621: 8614: 8596: 8592: 8577:10.2307/2843812 8561: 8557: 8526: 8522: 8481: 8477: 8470: 8450: 8446: 8436: 8434: 8425: 8424: 8420: 8410: 8408: 8400: 8399: 8395: 8352: 8348: 8338: 8336: 8326: 8322: 8311: 8307: 8300: 8286: 8282: 8271: 8267: 8258: 8256: 8247: 8243: 8232: 8225: 8212: 8208: 8201: 8185: 8181: 8174: 8158: 8154: 8127:Arts Asiatiques 8122: 8116: 8112: 8099: 8095: 8088: 8074: 8070: 8063: 8049: 8045: 8036: 8032: 8025: 8011: 8007: 8000: 7984: 7980: 7968: 7956: 7952: 7945: 7931: 7927: 7890: 7886: 7875: 7871: 7856: 7840: 7836: 7805: 7801: 7790: 7786: 7747: 7743: 7732: 7728: 7699: 7695: 7688: 7672: 7668: 7661: 7647: 7638: 7625: 7618: 7608: 7606: 7597: 7596: 7592: 7580: 7575: 7558: 7554: 7545: 7541: 7526: 7517: 7476: 7469: 7458: 7454: 7441: 7432: 7423: 7419: 7406: 7399: 7354: 7350: 7289: 7285: 7275: 7259: 7255: 7212: 7208: 7163: 7159: 7152: 7138: 7123: 7107: 7100: 7091: 7080: 7075: 7068: 7063: 7059: 7054: 7050: 7045: 7041: 7036: 7032: 7027: 7023: 7018: 7014: 7001: 6997: 6986: 6985: 6981: 6968: 6964: 6957: 6941: 6937: 6930: 6914: 6910: 6897: 6893: 6882: 6881: 6877: 6855: 6851: 6836: 6832: 6821: 6817: 6810: 6787: 6780: 6773: 6757: 6750: 6742: 6738: 6730: 6726: 6718: 6714: 6707: 6691: 6687: 6672: 6668: 6660:Atlas Walisongo 6655: 6651: 6644: 6628: 6624: 6615: 6611: 6604: 6588: 6584: 6577: 6561: 6557: 6550: 6534: 6530: 6523: 6507: 6503: 6496: 6482: 6481: 6477: 6470: 6454: 6450: 6443: 6427: 6420: 6413: 6397: 6393: 6386: 6370: 6366: 6359: 6343: 6339: 6332: 6316: 6312: 6305: 6286: 6282: 6271: 6267: 6262: 6258: 6251: 6237: 6233: 6226: 6212: 6208: 6201: 6183: 6179: 6172: 6156: 6152: 6145: 6129: 6122: 6115: 6099: 6095: 6088: 6066: 6062: 6039:10.2307/2057377 6019: 6015: 5996: 5992: 5965: 5961: 5954: 5936: 5932: 5917:10.2307/3034096 5897: 5893: 5886: 5870: 5863: 5856: 5842: 5838: 5831: 5817: 5813: 5806: 5790: 5781: 5774: 5758: 5754: 5739: 5735: 5728: 5712: 5703: 5671: 5665: 5661: 5654: 5637: 5633: 5620: 5616: 5609: 5605: 5598: 5594: 5586: 5582: 5572: 5570: 5569:(in Indonesian) 5559: 5555: 5548: 5532: 5521: 5514: 5498: 5494: 5487: 5471: 5467: 5457: 5455: 5442: 5441: 5437: 5432: 5428: 5421: 5405: 5398: 5391: 5375: 5366: 5347: 5338: 5332: 5316: 5312: 5305: 5289: 5282: 5275: 5257: 5253: 5224: 5220: 5203: 5199: 5189: 5187: 5186:on 10 July 2017 5178: 5177: 5173: 5158: 5142: 5138: 5123: 5101: 5097: 5082: 5066: 5062: 5051: 5047: 5037: 5035: 5019: 5015: 5005: 5003: 4994: 4993: 4989: 4979: 4977: 4975: 4951: 4947: 4940: 4924: 4920: 4910: 4908: 4906:Merriam-Webster 4900: 4899: 4895: 4886: 4882: 4873: 4866: 4856: 4854: 4845: 4844: 4840: 4832: 4822: 4818: 4808: 4806: 4796: 4792: 4785:Wayback Machine 4772: 4768: 4767: 4763: 4756:Wayback Machine 4743: 4739: 4735: 4731: 4730: 4726: 4716: 4714: 4705: 4704: 4697: 4687: 4685: 4683: 4667: 4663: 4650: 4649: 4645: 4639: 4625: 4621: 4614: 4600: 4596: 4586: 4584: 4580: 4574: 4573: 4569: 4559: 4557: 4552: 4551: 4547: 4537: 4535: 4530: 4529: 4525: 4509: 4505: 4498: 4482: 4478: 4473: 4468: 4455: 4451: 4402: 4398: 4343: 4339: 4314: 4310: 4306: 4301: 4206: 4201: 4199: 4196: 4191: 4185: 4157:Greater Jakarta 4063:the Archipelago 3972:Dutch colonists 3948:spread of Islam 3914:Balinese people 3850:Inhabitants of 3779: 3750:Ma'anyan people 3742: 3728: 3722: 3715: 3712: 3703: 3700: 3691: 3688: 3679: 3676: 3667: 3664: 3655: 3648: 3627: 3618: 3505:(hand cannon), 3461: 3448: 3439: 3436: 3427: 3421: 3412: 3401: 3392: 3389: 3380: 3369: 3360: 3357: 3348: 3329: 3320: 3217: 3216: 3215: 3214: 3195: 3194: 3193: 3185: 3184: 3173: 3139:were used, and 2998:Malagasy people 2975:people (called 2899:Mataram Kingdom 2877: 2876: 2875: 2874: 2873: 2870: 2862: 2861: 2858: 2847: 2845:Merchant-sailor 2834: 2826: 2676: 2675: 2674: 2673: 2665: 2663: 2655: 2653: 2645: 2643: 2635: 2633: 2625: 2623: 2615: 2523: 2479: 2473: 2459:fermented with 2453:meat substitute 2420:conical volcano 2260: 2254: 2164: 2158: 2070:Buddhist temple 2043: 2037: 2032: 1975: 1969: 1917:Clifford Geertz 1894: 1856:. For example, 1834: 1832:Javanese poetry 1826:Main articles: 1824: 1738: 1732:Javanese script 1728: 1722: 1552: 1542: 1536: 1509: 1493:Empire of Japan 1419: 1339:, Ampel Denta ( 1322:Untung Surapati 1310: 1255:in March 1293. 1126:. The earliest 1124:Mataram Kingdom 1082: 1068:shared between 1038: 1037: 1036: 1035: 1034: 1031: 1023: 1022: 1015: 1007: 1006: 996: 987: 986: 980: 974: 967: 855:and the Indian 692: 675: 650: 629: 625: 604: 600: 594: 560: 556: 549: 548: 547: 538:Without proper 534:Javanese script 529: 525: 516: 467: 429: 425: 420: 407: 404: 381:Malay varieties 367: 342: 293: 291: 275: 273: 257: 255: 239: 237: 226: 225:102,000 (2019) 214: 212: 201: 189: 187: 180: 168: 166: 155: 143: 141: 125: 123: 101: 89: 88: 70: 52: 40: 35: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 11768: 11758: 11757: 11752: 11747: 11742: 11737: 11732: 11715: 11714: 11712: 11711: 11705: 11703: 11702:South American 11699: 11698: 11696: 11695: 11690: 11684: 11682: 11676: 11675: 11673: 11672: 11667: 11662: 11657: 11651: 11649: 11643: 11642: 11640: 11639: 11638: 11637: 11632: 11627: 11622: 11617: 11612: 11601: 11599: 11593: 11592: 11590: 11589: 11584: 11583: 11582: 11577: 11572: 11567: 11562: 11557: 11547: 11546: 11545: 11534: 11532: 11526: 11525: 11518: 11517: 11510: 11503: 11495: 11486: 11485: 11483: 11482: 11477: 11472: 11466: 11463: 11462: 11459: 11458: 11456: 11455: 11449: 11447: 11443: 11442: 11440: 11439: 11434: 11429: 11424: 11419: 11414: 11409: 11404: 11399: 11394: 11393: 11392: 11382: 11377: 11372: 11366: 11364: 11357: 11351: 11350: 11347: 11346: 11344: 11343: 11338: 11333: 11328: 11323: 11321:Jawi Peranakan 11318: 11313: 11308: 11303: 11302: 11301: 11291: 11285: 11283: 11279: 11278: 11276: 11275: 11270: 11265: 11264: 11263: 11252: 11246: 11240: 11239: 11232: 11231: 11224: 11217: 11209: 11200: 11199: 11197: 11196: 11191: 11186: 11181: 11176: 11171: 11166: 11160: 11155: 11150: 11145: 11140: 11135: 11130: 11125: 11115: 11110: 11100: 11094: 11092: 11084: 11083: 11081: 11080: 11074: 11072: 11069:Mixed ancestry 11066: 11065: 11062: 11061: 11056: 11054: 11047: 11046: 11041: 11036: 11031: 11026: 11021: 11016: 11011: 11006: 11000: 10998: 10986: 10985: 10982: 10981: 10979: 10978: 10973: 10970:Peranakan Cina 10966: 10964: 10957: 10956: 10951: 10946: 10941: 10936: 10931: 10926: 10921: 10915: 10913: 10901: 10900: 10897: 10896: 10894: 10893: 10890: 10887:Peranakan Siam 10884: 10882:Jawi Peranakan 10879: 10872: 10870:Peranakan Arab 10866: 10864: 10858: 10857: 10854: 10853: 10851: 10850: 10845: 10840: 10835: 10830: 10829: 10828: 10823: 10813: 10808: 10803: 10798: 10793: 10788: 10787: 10786: 10785: 10784: 10779: 10774: 10769: 10764: 10759: 10749: 10738: 10736: 10730: 10729: 10727: 10726: 10725: 10724: 10719: 10714: 10706: 10705: 10704: 10699: 10694: 10689: 10684: 10679: 10674: 10669: 10659: 10658: 10657: 10652: 10647: 10642: 10631: 10629: 10623: 10622: 10620: 10619: 10618: 10617: 10612: 10607: 10602: 10597: 10592: 10582: 10581: 10580: 10575: 10570: 10565: 10560: 10555: 10550: 10545: 10535: 10534: 10533: 10528: 10523: 10518: 10517: 10516: 10511: 10501: 10496: 10485: 10483: 10472: 10462: 10461: 10458: 10457: 10455: 10454: 10449: 10444: 10442:Burmese Malays 10439: 10434: 10433: 10432: 10427: 10422: 10412: 10407: 10402: 10397: 10387: 10386: 10385: 10375: 10370: 10365: 10360: 10355: 10349: 10347: 10341: 10340: 10338: 10337: 10332: 10327: 10325:Bruneian Malay 10322: 10317: 10312: 10307: 10305:Perlisan Malay 10302: 10300:Perakian Malay 10297: 10292: 10287: 10285:Malaccan Malay 10282: 10277: 10272: 10270:Johorean Malay 10266: 10264: 10255: 10240: 10232: 10231: 10224: 10221: 10220: 10213: 10212: 10205: 10198: 10190: 10181: 10180: 10178: 10177: 10172: 10167: 10162: 10157: 10152: 10147: 10142: 10137: 10136: 10135: 10130: 10120: 10115: 10114: 10113: 10108: 10106:Maluku Chinese 10103: 10098: 10088: 10083: 10078: 10073: 10072: 10071: 10069:Black Dutchmen 10060: 10058: 10057:Non-indigenous 10054: 10053: 10051: 10050: 10049: 10048: 10043: 10038: 10033: 10028: 10023: 10018: 10017: 10016: 10006: 10001: 9996: 9995: 9994: 9989: 9984: 9979: 9966: 9964: 9962:Maluku Islands 9958: 9957: 9955: 9954: 9949: 9944: 9939: 9934: 9929: 9924: 9919: 9914: 9909: 9908: 9907: 9897: 9892: 9887: 9882: 9877: 9872: 9867: 9862: 9857: 9851: 9849: 9841: 9840: 9838: 9837: 9832: 9827: 9822: 9817: 9812: 9807: 9802: 9797: 9792: 9787: 9782: 9777: 9772: 9767: 9762: 9757: 9752: 9747: 9742: 9737: 9732: 9727: 9722: 9717: 9711: 9709: 9703: 9702: 9700: 9699: 9698: 9697: 9687: 9682: 9677: 9672: 9667: 9662: 9657: 9652: 9647: 9642: 9637: 9632: 9627: 9622: 9617: 9612: 9607: 9602: 9596: 9594: 9588: 9587: 9585: 9584: 9583: 9582: 9577: 9567: 9562: 9561: 9560: 9555: 9545: 9544: 9543: 9542: 9541: 9536: 9526: 9525: 9524: 9519: 9509: 9508: 9507: 9502: 9492: 9491: 9490: 9480: 9479: 9478: 9468: 9467: 9466: 9461: 9451: 9450: 9449: 9448: 9447: 9442: 9432: 9427: 9417: 9416: 9415: 9410: 9405: 9392: 9386: 9384: 9378: 9377: 9375: 9374: 9373: 9372: 9367: 9357: 9352: 9351: 9350: 9340: 9335: 9334: 9333: 9328: 9323: 9318: 9308: 9302: 9300: 9294: 9293: 9291: 9290: 9285: 9280: 9275: 9270: 9265: 9260: 9259: 9258: 9248: 9247: 9246: 9236: 9235: 9234: 9229: 9224: 9219: 9214: 9209: 9204: 9194: 9189: 9184: 9179: 9174: 9169: 9164: 9163: 9162: 9157: 9152: 9147: 9142: 9137: 9127: 9122: 9117: 9116: 9115: 9110: 9105: 9100: 9095: 9090: 9085: 9080: 9075: 9070: 9059: 9057: 9051: 9050: 9043: 9040: 9039: 9032: 9031: 9024: 9017: 9009: 9003: 9002: 8995: 8980: 8975: 8962: 8943: 8940: 8938: 8937: 8928: 8919: 8913: 8898: 8888: 8886: 8883: 8880: 8879: 8830: 8823: 8803: 8796: 8776: 8754: 8748:. p. 83. 8730: 8694: 8652: 8637:Crawfurd, John 8628: 8619: 8612: 8590: 8555: 8536:(1–2): 25–63. 8520: 8491:(4): 417–466. 8475: 8468: 8444: 8433:. 6 March 2018 8418: 8406:ich.unesco.org 8393: 8366:(3): 107–113. 8346: 8320: 8305: 8298: 8280: 8265: 8241: 8223: 8206: 8199: 8179: 8172: 8152: 8110: 8093: 8086: 8068: 8061: 8043: 8030: 8023: 8005: 7998: 7978: 7950: 7943: 7925: 7884: 7869: 7854: 7834: 7799: 7784: 7757:(2): 266–276. 7741: 7726: 7693: 7686: 7666: 7659: 7636: 7616: 7590: 7573: 7552: 7539: 7515: 7467: 7452: 7430: 7417: 7397: 7348: 7283: 7273: 7253: 7206: 7157: 7150: 7121: 7098: 7078: 7066: 7057: 7048: 7039: 7030: 7021: 7012: 6995: 6979: 6962: 6955: 6935: 6928: 6908: 6891: 6875: 6849: 6830: 6815: 6808: 6794:Alice G. Dewey 6778: 6771: 6748: 6746:, p. 196. 6736: 6734:, p. 501. 6732:Caldarola 1982 6724: 6722:, p. 719. 6712: 6705: 6685: 6666: 6649: 6642: 6622: 6609: 6602: 6582: 6575: 6555: 6548: 6528: 6521: 6501: 6494: 6475: 6468: 6448: 6441: 6418: 6411: 6391: 6384: 6364: 6357: 6337: 6330: 6310: 6303: 6280: 6265: 6256: 6249: 6231: 6224: 6206: 6199: 6177: 6170: 6150: 6143: 6120: 6113: 6093: 6086: 6060: 6033:(2): 260–263. 6013: 5990: 5959: 5952: 5930: 5911:(2): 271–288. 5891: 5884: 5861: 5854: 5836: 5829: 5811: 5804: 5779: 5772: 5752: 5733: 5726: 5701: 5659: 5652: 5640:Coedès, George 5631: 5614: 5603: 5592: 5588:Degroot (2009) 5580: 5553: 5546: 5519: 5512: 5492: 5485: 5465: 5435: 5426: 5419: 5396: 5389: 5364: 5336: 5330: 5310: 5303: 5280: 5273: 5251: 5218: 5197: 5171: 5156: 5136: 5121: 5095: 5080: 5060: 5045: 5013: 5000:britannica.com 4987: 4973: 4945: 4938: 4918: 4893: 4880: 4864: 4853:. 12 July 2022 4838: 4816: 4790: 4788:" (CBS – 2011) 4761: 4759:" (CBS – 2011) 4740:Suzanne Loozen 4724: 4695: 4681: 4661: 4643: 4637: 4619: 4612: 4594: 4567: 4545: 4523: 4503: 4496: 4475: 4474: 4472: 4469: 4467: 4466: 4449: 4396: 4364:occurs in the 4337: 4307: 4305: 4302: 4300: 4299: 4294: 4289: 4284: 4279: 4274: 4269: 4264: 4259: 4254: 4249: 4244: 4239: 4234: 4229: 4224: 4219: 4213: 4212: 4211: 4195: 4192: 4187:Main article: 4184: 4183:Notable people 4181: 4126:North Sulawesi 4086:Dutch colonies 4051:Maluku Islands 3956:British Malaya 3852:Jave la Grande 3841:Malay language 3782:Diogo do Couto 3724:Main article: 3721: 3718: 3717: 3716: 3714:Javanese masks 3713: 3706: 3704: 3701: 3694: 3692: 3689: 3682: 3680: 3677: 3670: 3668: 3665: 3658: 3656: 3649: 3642: 3626: 3623: 3617: 3614: 3511:Javanese fleet 3463: 3462: 3449: 3442: 3440: 3437: 3430: 3428: 3422: 3415: 3413: 3402: 3395: 3393: 3390: 3383: 3381: 3370: 3363: 3361: 3358: 3351: 3349: 3330: 3323: 3319: 3316: 3213: 3212: 3205: 3202:Borobudur ship 3197: 3196: 3187: 3186: 3178: 3177: 3176: 3175: 3174: 3172: 3169: 3148:Diogo do Couto 3120: 3119: 3087:maritime pilot 3048:, Coromandel, 3030:Maluku Islands 2952:Ajayeb al-Hind 2871: 2864: 2863: 2859: 2852: 2851: 2850: 2849: 2848: 2846: 2843: 2833: 2830: 2825: 2822: 2776:, also called 2718:(particularly 2687:in modern-day 2664: 2654: 2644: 2640:Roman Catholic 2634: 2624: 2614: 2610: 2609: 2608: 2603: 2602: 2597: 2591: 2590: 2587: 2583: 2582: 2579: 2573: 2572: 2569: 2563: 2562: 2559: 2557:Roman Catholic 2553: 2552: 2549: 2543: 2542: 2539: 2533: 2532: 2529: 2522: 2519: 2489:, which means 2477:Javanese names 2475:Main article: 2472: 2469: 2410:(Pecel rice). 2256:Main article: 2253: 2250: 2196:Hamengkubuwono 2160:Main article: 2157: 2154: 2039:Main article: 2036: 2033: 2031: 2028: 2003:Hindu calendar 1971:Main article: 1968: 1965: 1923:or "streams": 1914:anthropologist 1893: 1890: 1823: 1820: 1811:Latin alphabet 1768:Malay language 1724:Main article: 1721: 1718: 1616:Javanese dance 1546:Javanese dance 1538:Main article: 1535: 1532: 1508: 1505: 1418: 1415: 1309: 1306: 1230:Melayu Kingdom 1226:Maluku Islands 1081: 1078: 1066:genetic marker 1032: 1025: 1024: 1016: 1009: 1008: 997: 990: 989: 988: 985:Javanese boats 984: 983: 982: 981: 966: 963: 716:Southeast Asia 695:Krama register 678:Ngoko register 542:, you may see 530: 523: 522: 521: 518: 517: 515: 514: 509: 504: 499: 494: 489: 484: 479: 474: 468: 466: 465: 459: 456: 455: 451: 450: 439:Roman Catholic 414: 413: 409: 408: 406: 405: 403: 402: 397: 392: 387: 376: 374: 368: 366: 365: 349: 343: 341: 340: 335: 329: 323: 321: 314: 311: 310: 306: 305: 302: 288: 287: 284: 270: 269: 266: 252: 251: 248: 234: 233: 223: 209: 208: 198: 184: 183: 177: 163: 162: 152: 138: 137: 134: 120: 119: 115: 114: 108: 107: 103: 102: 99: 91: 90: 87: 86: 82:Krama register 68: 64:Ngoko register 49: 48: 38: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 11767: 11756: 11753: 11751: 11748: 11746: 11743: 11741: 11738: 11736: 11733: 11731: 11728: 11727: 11725: 11710: 11707: 11706: 11704: 11700: 11694: 11691: 11689: 11686: 11685: 11683: 11681: 11677: 11671: 11668: 11666: 11663: 11661: 11658: 11656: 11653: 11652: 11650: 11648: 11644: 11636: 11633: 11631: 11628: 11626: 11623: 11621: 11618: 11616: 11613: 11611: 11608: 11607: 11606: 11603: 11602: 11600: 11598: 11594: 11588: 11585: 11581: 11578: 11576: 11573: 11571: 11568: 11566: 11563: 11561: 11558: 11556: 11553: 11552: 11551: 11548: 11544: 11541: 11540: 11539: 11536: 11535: 11533: 11531: 11527: 11523: 11516: 11511: 11509: 11504: 11502: 11497: 11496: 11493: 11481: 11478: 11476: 11473: 11471: 11468: 11467: 11464: 11454: 11451: 11450: 11448: 11444: 11438: 11435: 11433: 11430: 11428: 11425: 11423: 11420: 11418: 11415: 11413: 11410: 11408: 11405: 11403: 11400: 11398: 11395: 11391: 11388: 11387: 11386: 11383: 11381: 11378: 11376: 11373: 11371: 11368: 11367: 11365: 11361: 11358: 11356: 11352: 11342: 11341:Orang Seletar 11339: 11337: 11334: 11332: 11329: 11327: 11324: 11322: 11319: 11317: 11314: 11312: 11309: 11307: 11304: 11300: 11297: 11296: 11295: 11292: 11290: 11287: 11286: 11284: 11280: 11274: 11271: 11269: 11266: 11262: 11259: 11258: 11257: 11254: 11253: 11250: 11247: 11245: 11241: 11237: 11230: 11225: 11223: 11218: 11216: 11211: 11210: 11207: 11195: 11192: 11190: 11187: 11185: 11182: 11180: 11177: 11175: 11172: 11170: 11167: 11164: 11161: 11159: 11156: 11154: 11151: 11149: 11146: 11144: 11141: 11139: 11136: 11134: 11133:East Timorese 11131: 11129: 11126: 11123: 11119: 11116: 11114: 11111: 11108: 11104: 11101: 11099: 11096: 11095: 11093: 11091: 11085: 11079: 11076: 11075: 11073: 11067: 11059: 11055: 11051: 11045: 11042: 11040: 11037: 11035: 11032: 11030: 11027: 11025: 11022: 11020: 11017: 11015: 11012: 11010: 11007: 11005: 11002: 11001: 10999: 10996: 10991: 10987: 10977: 10974: 10972:(Baba-Nyonya) 10971: 10968: 10967: 10965: 10961: 10955: 10952: 10950: 10947: 10945: 10942: 10940: 10937: 10935: 10932: 10930: 10927: 10925: 10922: 10920: 10917: 10916: 10914: 10911: 10906: 10902: 10891: 10888: 10885: 10883: 10880: 10877: 10873: 10871: 10868: 10867: 10865: 10863: 10859: 10849: 10846: 10844: 10841: 10839: 10836: 10834: 10831: 10827: 10824: 10822: 10819: 10818: 10817: 10814: 10812: 10809: 10807: 10804: 10802: 10799: 10797: 10794: 10792: 10789: 10783: 10780: 10778: 10775: 10773: 10770: 10768: 10765: 10763: 10760: 10758: 10755: 10754: 10753: 10750: 10748: 10745: 10744: 10743: 10742:Kadazan-Dusun 10740: 10739: 10737: 10735: 10731: 10723: 10720: 10718: 10715: 10713: 10710: 10709: 10707: 10703: 10700: 10698: 10695: 10693: 10690: 10688: 10685: 10683: 10680: 10678: 10675: 10673: 10670: 10668: 10665: 10664: 10663: 10660: 10656: 10653: 10651: 10648: 10646: 10643: 10641: 10638: 10637: 10636: 10633: 10632: 10630: 10628: 10624: 10616: 10613: 10611: 10608: 10606: 10603: 10601: 10598: 10596: 10593: 10591: 10588: 10587: 10586: 10583: 10579: 10576: 10574: 10571: 10569: 10566: 10564: 10561: 10559: 10556: 10554: 10551: 10549: 10546: 10544: 10541: 10540: 10539: 10536: 10532: 10529: 10527: 10524: 10522: 10519: 10515: 10514:Orang Seletar 10512: 10510: 10507: 10506: 10505: 10502: 10500: 10497: 10495: 10492: 10491: 10490: 10487: 10486: 10484: 10482: 10476: 10473: 10467: 10463: 10453: 10450: 10448: 10447:Patani Malays 10445: 10443: 10440: 10438: 10435: 10431: 10428: 10426: 10423: 10421: 10418: 10417: 10416: 10413: 10411: 10408: 10406: 10403: 10401: 10398: 10395: 10391: 10388: 10384: 10381: 10380: 10379: 10376: 10374: 10371: 10369: 10366: 10364: 10361: 10359: 10356: 10354: 10351: 10350: 10348: 10346: 10342: 10336: 10333: 10331: 10328: 10326: 10323: 10321: 10318: 10316: 10313: 10311: 10308: 10306: 10303: 10301: 10298: 10296: 10293: 10291: 10288: 10286: 10283: 10281: 10278: 10276: 10275:Kedahan Malay 10273: 10271: 10268: 10267: 10265: 10263: 10259: 10256: 10253: 10248: 10244: 10241: 10239: 10238: 10233: 10229: 10228: 10222: 10218: 10211: 10206: 10204: 10199: 10197: 10192: 10191: 10188: 10176: 10173: 10171: 10168: 10166: 10163: 10161: 10158: 10156: 10153: 10151: 10148: 10146: 10143: 10141: 10138: 10134: 10131: 10129: 10126: 10125: 10124: 10121: 10119: 10116: 10112: 10109: 10107: 10104: 10102: 10099: 10097: 10094: 10093: 10092: 10089: 10087: 10084: 10082: 10079: 10077: 10074: 10070: 10067: 10066: 10065: 10062: 10061: 10059: 10055: 10047: 10044: 10042: 10039: 10037: 10034: 10032: 10029: 10027: 10024: 10022: 10019: 10015: 10012: 10011: 10010: 10007: 10005: 10002: 10000: 9997: 9993: 9990: 9988: 9985: 9983: 9980: 9978: 9975: 9974: 9973: 9972: 9971: 9968: 9967: 9965: 9963: 9959: 9953: 9950: 9948: 9945: 9943: 9940: 9938: 9935: 9933: 9930: 9928: 9925: 9923: 9920: 9918: 9915: 9913: 9910: 9906: 9903: 9902: 9901: 9898: 9896: 9893: 9891: 9888: 9886: 9883: 9881: 9878: 9876: 9873: 9871: 9868: 9866: 9863: 9861: 9858: 9856: 9853: 9852: 9850: 9848: 9847:Sunda Islands 9842: 9836: 9833: 9831: 9828: 9826: 9823: 9821: 9818: 9816: 9813: 9811: 9808: 9806: 9803: 9801: 9798: 9796: 9793: 9791: 9788: 9786: 9783: 9781: 9778: 9776: 9773: 9771: 9768: 9766: 9763: 9761: 9758: 9756: 9753: 9751: 9748: 9746: 9743: 9741: 9738: 9736: 9733: 9731: 9728: 9726: 9723: 9721: 9718: 9716: 9713: 9712: 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9289: 9286: 9284: 9281: 9279: 9276: 9274: 9271: 9269: 9266: 9264: 9261: 9257: 9254: 9253: 9252: 9249: 9245: 9242: 9241: 9240: 9237: 9233: 9230: 9228: 9225: 9223: 9220: 9218: 9215: 9213: 9210: 9208: 9205: 9203: 9200: 9199: 9198: 9195: 9193: 9190: 9188: 9185: 9183: 9180: 9178: 9175: 9173: 9170: 9168: 9165: 9161: 9158: 9156: 9153: 9151: 9148: 9146: 9143: 9141: 9138: 9136: 9133: 9132: 9131: 9128: 9126: 9123: 9121: 9118: 9114: 9111: 9109: 9106: 9104: 9101: 9099: 9096: 9094: 9091: 9089: 9086: 9084: 9081: 9079: 9076: 9074: 9071: 9069: 9066: 9065: 9064: 9061: 9060: 9058: 9056: 9052: 9048: 9047: 9041: 9037: 9030: 9025: 9023: 9018: 9016: 9011: 9010: 9007: 9000: 8996: 8993: 8992:9786029346008 8989: 8985: 8981: 8978: 8972: 8968: 8963: 8960: 8956: 8952: 8951: 8946: 8945: 8934: 8929: 8925: 8920: 8916: 8914:9789088900396 8910: 8906: 8905: 8899: 8895: 8890: 8889: 8868: 8864: 8860: 8856: 8852: 8848: 8844: 8837: 8835: 8826: 8820: 8816: 8815: 8807: 8799: 8793: 8789: 8788: 8780: 8773: 8771: 8757: 8755:9780160342646 8751: 8747: 8743: 8742: 8734: 8725: 8721: 8717: 8713: 8709: 8705: 8698: 8690: 8686: 8682: 8678: 8674: 8670: 8663: 8661: 8659: 8657: 8648: 8644: 8643: 8638: 8632: 8623: 8615: 8613:9783319338224 8609: 8605: 8601: 8594: 8586: 8582: 8578: 8574: 8570: 8566: 8559: 8551: 8547: 8543: 8539: 8535: 8531: 8524: 8516: 8512: 8507: 8506:2027.42/45256 8502: 8498: 8494: 8490: 8486: 8479: 8471: 8469:9789792624366 8465: 8461: 8457: 8456: 8448: 8432: 8428: 8422: 8407: 8403: 8397: 8389: 8385: 8381: 8377: 8373: 8369: 8365: 8361: 8357: 8350: 8335: 8331: 8324: 8316: 8309: 8301: 8295: 8291: 8284: 8276: 8269: 8254: 8253: 8245: 8237: 8230: 8228: 8219: 8218: 8210: 8202: 8196: 8192: 8191: 8183: 8175: 8169: 8166:. JHU Press. 8165: 8164: 8156: 8148: 8144: 8140: 8136: 8132: 8128: 8121: 8114: 8107: 8103: 8097: 8089: 8087:9789792213768 8083: 8079: 8078:Budaya Bahari 8072: 8064: 8062:9780521355056 8058: 8054: 8047: 8040: 8034: 8026: 8024:9789004251571 8020: 8016: 8009: 8001: 7999:9780300039214 7995: 7991: 7990: 7982: 7975: 7974:public domain 7964: 7963: 7954: 7946: 7944:9780521663700 7940: 7936: 7929: 7921: 7917: 7912: 7907: 7903: 7899: 7895: 7888: 7880: 7873: 7865: 7861: 7857: 7855:9780715348604 7851: 7847: 7846: 7838: 7830: 7826: 7822: 7818: 7814: 7810: 7803: 7795: 7788: 7780: 7776: 7772: 7768: 7764: 7760: 7756: 7752: 7745: 7737: 7730: 7721: 7716: 7712: 7708: 7704: 7697: 7689: 7687:9780230546851 7683: 7679: 7678: 7670: 7662: 7656: 7652: 7645: 7643: 7641: 7633: 7629: 7623: 7621: 7604: 7600: 7594: 7587: 7586:public domain 7576: 7574:9784000085052 7570: 7566: 7565: 7556: 7549: 7543: 7535: 7531: 7524: 7522: 7520: 7511: 7507: 7503: 7498: 7493: 7490:(3): 97–104. 7489: 7485: 7481: 7474: 7472: 7464: 7463: 7456: 7448: 7447: 7439: 7437: 7435: 7427: 7421: 7413: 7412: 7404: 7402: 7393: 7389: 7384: 7379: 7375: 7371: 7367: 7363: 7359: 7352: 7344: 7340: 7335: 7330: 7326: 7322: 7318: 7314: 7310: 7306: 7302: 7298: 7294: 7287: 7280: 7276: 7274:9787226051870 7270: 7266: 7265: 7257: 7249: 7245: 7241: 7237: 7233: 7229: 7225: 7221: 7217: 7210: 7202: 7198: 7194: 7190: 7185: 7180: 7176: 7172: 7168: 7161: 7153: 7147: 7143: 7136: 7134: 7132: 7130: 7128: 7126: 7118: 7114: 7113: 7105: 7103: 7095: 7089: 7087: 7085: 7083: 7073: 7071: 7061: 7052: 7043: 7034: 7025: 7016: 7008: 7007: 6999: 6991: 6990: 6983: 6975: 6974: 6966: 6958: 6956:9789070080600 6952: 6948: 6947: 6939: 6931: 6925: 6921: 6920: 6912: 6905:. p. 69. 6904: 6903: 6895: 6887: 6886: 6879: 6871: 6870: 6862: 6861: 6853: 6845: 6841: 6834: 6826: 6819: 6811: 6805: 6801: 6800: 6795: 6791: 6785: 6783: 6774: 6768: 6764: 6763: 6755: 6753: 6745: 6740: 6733: 6728: 6721: 6716: 6708: 6702: 6698: 6697: 6689: 6681: 6677: 6670: 6662: 6661: 6653: 6645: 6639: 6635: 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5830:0-333-57689-6 5826: 5822: 5815: 5807: 5801: 5797: 5796: 5788: 5786: 5784: 5775: 5769: 5765: 5764: 5756: 5748: 5744: 5737: 5729: 5723: 5719: 5718: 5710: 5708: 5706: 5697: 5693: 5689: 5685: 5681: 5677: 5670: 5663: 5655: 5649: 5645: 5641: 5635: 5628: 5624: 5618: 5612: 5607: 5601: 5596: 5589: 5584: 5568: 5564: 5557: 5549: 5543: 5539: 5538: 5530: 5528: 5526: 5524: 5515: 5509: 5505: 5504: 5496: 5488: 5482: 5478: 5477: 5469: 5453: 5449: 5445: 5439: 5430: 5422: 5416: 5412: 5411: 5403: 5401: 5392: 5386: 5382: 5381: 5373: 5371: 5369: 5360: 5356: 5352: 5345: 5343: 5341: 5333: 5327: 5323: 5322: 5314: 5306: 5300: 5296: 5295: 5287: 5285: 5276: 5270: 5266: 5262: 5255: 5248: 5244: 5240: 5236: 5232: 5228: 5222: 5215: 5211: 5207: 5201: 5185: 5181: 5175: 5167: 5166:0-7864-4838-5 5163: 5159: 5153: 5149: 5148: 5140: 5132: 5131:0-7546-0831-X 5128: 5124: 5118: 5114: 5109: 5108: 5099: 5091: 5090:1-86825-560-3 5087: 5083: 5077: 5073: 5072: 5064: 5056: 5049: 5034: 5030: 5026: 5025: 5017: 5001: 4997: 4991: 4976: 4970: 4966: 4962: 4958: 4957: 4949: 4941: 4935: 4931: 4930: 4922: 4907: 4903: 4897: 4890: 4884: 4877: 4871: 4869: 4852: 4851:UNAIRGoodNews 4848: 4842: 4831: 4827: 4820: 4805: 4801: 4794: 4787: 4786: 4782: 4779: 4773:Carel Harmsen 4765: 4758: 4757: 4753: 4750: 4736:Carel Harmsen 4728: 4712: 4708: 4702: 4700: 4684: 4678: 4674: 4673: 4665: 4657: 4653: 4647: 4640: 4638:1-57230-134-1 4634: 4630: 4623: 4615: 4613:9786022910046 4609: 4605: 4598: 4579: 4578: 4571: 4555: 4549: 4533: 4527: 4519: 4515: 4514: 4507: 4499: 4493: 4489: 4488: 4480: 4476: 4463: 4459: 4453: 4446: 4442: 4438: 4434: 4430: 4425: 4421: 4418: 4414: 4410: 4406: 4400: 4393: 4389: 4386: 4382: 4379: 4375: 4371: 4367: 4363: 4360: 4356: 4353: 4349: 4346: 4341: 4334: 4330: 4326: 4322: 4318: 4312: 4308: 4298: 4295: 4293: 4290: 4288: 4285: 4283: 4280: 4278: 4275: 4273: 4270: 4268: 4265: 4263: 4260: 4258: 4255: 4253: 4250: 4248: 4245: 4243: 4240: 4238: 4235: 4233: 4230: 4228: 4225: 4223: 4220: 4218: 4215: 4214: 4209: 4198: 4190: 4180: 4178: 4174: 4170: 4166: 4165:South Sumatra 4162: 4158: 4153: 4151: 4150:New Caledonia 4146: 4142: 4137: 4135: 4131: 4127: 4123: 4119: 4115: 4111: 4107: 4103: 4099: 4095: 4091: 4087: 4083: 4075: 4070: 4066: 4064: 4060: 4056: 4052: 4047: 4045: 4041: 4037: 4033: 4029: 4025: 4021: 4016: 4014: 4010: 4006: 4002: 4001: 3996: 3991: 3989: 3985: 3981: 3977: 3973: 3969: 3965: 3961: 3957: 3953: 3949: 3945: 3940: 3938: 3934: 3930: 3926: 3922: 3917: 3915: 3911: 3907: 3903: 3899: 3895: 3892: 3888: 3884: 3879: 3875: 3872: 3868: 3864: 3860: 3853: 3848: 3844: 3842: 3838: 3834: 3830: 3826: 3822: 3818: 3814: 3809: 3807: 3803: 3799: 3794: 3788: 3787: 3783: 3777: 3773: 3766: 3765: 3761: 3759: 3755: 3751: 3747: 3741: 3737: 3733: 3727: 3710: 3705: 3698: 3693: 3686: 3681: 3674: 3669: 3662: 3657: 3653: 3646: 3641: 3640: 3639: 3637: 3633: 3622: 3613: 3611: 3607: 3606: 3601: 3600:standing army 3597: 3593: 3592: 3587: 3586: 3585:siping-siping 3581: 3580: 3575: 3574: 3573:karambalangan 3568: 3566: 3562: 3558: 3556: 3552: 3548: 3543: 3541: 3537: 3533: 3529: 3528: 3522: 3520: 3516: 3512: 3508: 3504: 3500: 3496: 3491: 3489: 3485: 3481: 3477: 3473: 3469: 3459: 3458: 3453: 3446: 3441: 3434: 3429: 3426: 3419: 3414: 3410: 3406: 3399: 3394: 3391:Keris of Java 3387: 3382: 3378: 3374: 3367: 3362: 3355: 3350: 3346: 3343:has thirteen 3342: 3338: 3334: 3331:A decorative 3327: 3322: 3321: 3315: 3312: 3311:John Crawfurd 3308: 3304: 3300: 3296: 3291: 3286: 3281: 3279: 3275: 3271: 3267: 3263: 3259: 3255: 3251: 3246: 3240: 3238: 3233: 3231: 3226: 3222: 3210: 3206: 3203: 3200: 3199: 3191: 3182: 3168: 3166: 3162: 3157: 3153: 3149: 3144: 3142: 3138: 3134: 3130: 3126: 3117: 3116: 3115: 3112: 3108: 3104: 3103:Sea of Persia 3100: 3094: 3092: 3088: 3084: 3080: 3075: 3071: 3067: 3063: 3059: 3055: 3051: 3047: 3043: 3039: 3035: 3031: 3027: 3022: 3019: 3015: 3011: 3007: 3003: 2999: 2994: 2992: 2988: 2984: 2983: 2978: 2974: 2970: 2965: 2961: 2957: 2953: 2948: 2946: 2943: 2939: 2935: 2932: 2928: 2924: 2920: 2916: 2912: 2908: 2904: 2900: 2894: 2892: 2888: 2885: 2880: 2868: 2856: 2842: 2840: 2829: 2821: 2819: 2815: 2812:, especially 2811: 2807: 2803: 2799: 2795: 2791: 2790: 2785: 2781: 2780: 2775: 2771: 2769: 2765: 2764:Tengger tribe 2761: 2757: 2753: 2749: 2745: 2741: 2737: 2733: 2729: 2725: 2721: 2717: 2713: 2709: 2708:Protestantism 2705: 2700: 2698: 2694: 2690: 2686: 2685:Samudra Pasai 2681: 2671: 2661: 2651: 2641: 2631: 2630:Protestantism 2621: 2613: 2607: 2601: 2598: 2596: 2593: 2592: 2588: 2585: 2584: 2580: 2578: 2575: 2574: 2570: 2568: 2565: 2564: 2560: 2558: 2555: 2554: 2550: 2548: 2545: 2544: 2540: 2538: 2535: 2534: 2530: 2527: 2526: 2518: 2516: 2513: 2509: 2505: 2501: 2496: 2492: 2488: 2484: 2478: 2468: 2466: 2462: 2458: 2454: 2450: 2449: 2443: 2441: 2437: 2433: 2429: 2425: 2421: 2417: 2416: 2411: 2409: 2405: 2401: 2397: 2396: 2391: 2389: 2385: 2381: 2377: 2373: 2369: 2368: 2363: 2361: 2357: 2353: 2349: 2345: 2341: 2337: 2336: 2330: 2327: 2325: 2321: 2317: 2313: 2309: 2306:(for example 2305: 2300: 2293: 2292: 2286: 2279: 2275: 2269: 2264: 2259: 2249: 2247: 2243: 2239: 2234: 2232: 2228: 2224: 2220: 2215: 2213: 2212:Mangkunegaran 2209: 2205: 2201: 2197: 2193: 2189: 2188: 2183: 2179: 2178: 2168: 2163: 2153: 2151: 2147: 2143: 2139: 2134: 2132: 2128: 2125: 2121: 2117: 2112: 2110: 2106: 2105: 2100: 2096: 2091: 2089: 2081: 2077: 2071: 2067: 2063: 2056: 2052: 2047: 2042: 2027: 2025: 2024:Wetonan cycle 2021: 2017: 2013: 2012: 2006: 2004: 2000: 1996: 1992: 1988: 1984: 1980: 1977:The Javanese 1974: 1964: 1961: 1959: 1955: 1951: 1946: 1944: 1943: 1938: 1934: 1930: 1926: 1922: 1918: 1915: 1903: 1898: 1889: 1887: 1885: 1879: 1875: 1871: 1867: 1863: 1861: 1855: 1851: 1847: 1838: 1833: 1829: 1819: 1816: 1812: 1808: 1807: 1802: 1801:Arabic script 1798: 1794: 1790: 1789:Brahmi script 1786: 1779: 1775: 1771: 1769: 1765: 1761: 1756: 1754: 1750: 1746: 1742: 1737: 1733: 1727: 1717: 1715: 1711: 1707: 1703: 1699: 1695: 1691: 1687: 1683: 1679: 1671: 1667: 1663: 1661: 1656: 1651: 1649: 1648: 1647:Naloni Mitoni 1643: 1642: 1638: 1633: 1629: 1625: 1621: 1617: 1613: 1609: 1605: 1601: 1600: 1594: 1590: 1585: 1577: 1572: 1565: 1561: 1556: 1551: 1547: 1541: 1531: 1529: 1525: 1520: 1518: 1514: 1504: 1502: 1498: 1494: 1490: 1485: 1483: 1479: 1475: 1471: 1466: 1464: 1460: 1456: 1455:Mangkunegaran 1452: 1448: 1444: 1440: 1436: 1432: 1423: 1417:Colonial Java 1414: 1412: 1408: 1404: 1400: 1396: 1391: 1389: 1385: 1384:Sunda Kingdom 1381: 1377: 1373: 1369: 1365: 1361: 1357: 1352: 1350: 1346: 1342: 1338: 1334: 1327: 1323: 1319: 1314: 1305: 1303: 1299: 1295: 1291: 1286: 1284: 1280: 1276: 1272: 1268: 1264: 1260: 1256: 1254: 1250: 1246: 1241: 1239: 1235: 1231: 1227: 1223: 1219: 1215: 1210: 1208: 1204: 1200: 1196: 1195:Brantas River 1192: 1187: 1185: 1181: 1180:Jayavarman II 1177: 1173: 1169: 1165: 1161: 1157: 1153: 1149: 1145: 1141: 1137: 1133: 1129: 1125: 1121: 1117: 1113: 1108: 1106: 1102: 1098: 1091: 1086: 1077: 1075: 1074:Austroasiatic 1071: 1067: 1063: 1059: 1055: 1051: 1047: 1043: 1029: 1020: 1013: 1004: 1000: 999:Samudra Raksa 994: 979: 972: 962: 960: 956: 952: 948: 944: 940: 936: 932: 928: 924: 920: 916: 915: 910: 906: 902: 898: 894: 893:Malay culture 890: 886: 882: 878: 875:and parts of 874: 870: 866: 862: 858: 854: 851: 846: 844: 840: 836: 832: 828: 824: 820: 816: 812: 811:Sunni Muslims 808: 804: 800: 796: 792: 788: 784: 780: 776: 772: 768: 764: 760: 756: 752: 748: 744: 740: 735: 733: 729: 725: 721: 717: 713: 709: 705: 702: 696: 691: 679: 674: 666: 662: 658: 654: 653: 644: 623: 622: 616: 598: 597: 587: 554: 545: 541: 537: 535: 513: 510: 508: 505: 503: 500: 498: 495: 493: 490: 488: 485: 483: 480: 478: 475: 473: 470: 469: 464: 461: 460: 457: 452: 448: 444: 440: 436: 433:2.56% (1.59% 432: 428: 423: 419: 418:Predominantly 415: 410: 401: 398: 396: 393: 391: 388: 386: 382: 378: 377: 375: 372: 369: 363: 359: 355: 351: 350: 347: 344: 339: 336: 333: 330: 328: 325: 324: 322: 319: 316: 315: 312: 307: 303: 301: 289: 285: 283: 282:New Caledonia 271: 267: 265: 253: 249: 247: 235: 230: 224: 222: 210: 205: 199: 197: 185: 178: 176: 164: 159: 154:c. 1,500,000 153: 151: 139: 135: 133: 121: 116: 113: 109: 104: 97: 92: 83: 79: 69: 65: 61: 51: 50: 46: 37: 33: 19: 11380:Bangladeshis 11325: 11184:Singaporeans 11090:/expatriates 10816:Orang Sungai 10353:Cocos Malays 10344: 10310:Pahang Malay 10261: 10235: 10225: 9685:Tau Taa Wana 9310: 9113:Talang Mamak 9044: 8998: 8983: 8966: 8958: 8948: 8932: 8923: 8903: 8893: 8870:. 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Retrieved 4526: 4517: 4512: 4506: 4486: 4479: 4452: 4444: 4440: 4436: 4428: 4423: 4419: 4416: 4412: 4408: 4404: 4399: 4391: 4387: 4384: 4380: 4377: 4373: 4369: 4361: 4358: 4354: 4351: 4347: 4344: 4340: 4311: 4272:Javanisation 4176: 4172: 4154: 4138: 4102:South Africa 4079: 4076:, circa 1940 4048: 4017: 4005:Malay ethnic 3998: 3992: 3988:Kuala Lumpur 3978:, southwest 3941: 3921:Sultan Agung 3918: 3893: 3890: 3886: 3877: 3873: 3870: 3866: 3862: 3858: 3857: 3827:in southern 3810: 3790: 3785: 3768: 3764: 3762: 3743: 3628: 3625:Wood carving 3619: 3616:Batik making 3603: 3595: 3589: 3583: 3577: 3571: 3569: 3559: 3553: 3550: 3545: 3539: 3535: 3531: 3525: 3523: 3502: 3501:(arquebus), 3498: 3492: 3488:bedil tombak 3480:Yuan dynasty 3471: 3464: 3455: 3451: 3344: 3340: 3306: 3282: 3266:Muria strait 3244: 3241: 3236: 3234: 3224: 3218: 3161:Pakubuwana I 3152:Amangkurat I 3145: 3122: 3096: 3073: 3023: 3018:Dayak people 2995: 2991:Old Javanese 2986: 2980: 2976: 2951: 2949: 2944: 2941: 2933: 2930: 2895: 2890: 2881: 2878: 2835: 2827: 2818:syncretising 2787: 2783: 2777: 2773: 2772: 2751: 2743: 2716:Central Java 2704:Christianity 2701: 2696: 2677: 2611: 2606: 2599: 2594: 2490: 2486: 2480: 2446: 2444: 2439: 2431: 2427: 2413: 2412: 2407: 2393: 2392: 2388:coconut milk 2376:Central Java 2365: 2364: 2352:Rujak Cingur 2351: 2344:peanut sauce 2338:, marinated 2335:Rujak Cingur 2334: 2331: 2328: 2297: 2288: 2235: 2222: 2217:Traditional 2216: 2206:(palaces of 2194:(palaces of 2185: 2175: 2173: 2135: 2113: 2111:in 1006 AD. 2109:Mount Merapi 2103: 2092: 2085: 2055:eastern Java 2030:Architecture 2009: 2007: 1999:Sultan Agung 1976: 1962: 1947: 1940: 1920: 1911: 1901: 1881: 1877: 1873: 1869: 1857: 1843: 1804: 1796: 1792: 1782: 1757: 1745:Austronesian 1739: 1710:Wayang kulit 1678:Central Java 1675: 1654: 1652: 1645: 1635: 1631: 1611: 1597: 1581: 1550:Javanisation 1528:Central Java 1521: 1510: 1497:World War II 1486: 1467: 1429:In 1619 the 1428: 1392: 1353: 1331: 1287: 1259:Raden Wijaya 1257: 1249:Raden Wijaya 1242: 1211: 1188: 1120:Mount Merapi 1109: 1095: 1070:Austronesian 1050:Austronesian 1039: 1018: 955:South Africa 943:wayang kulit 919:pulut kuning 918: 912: 847: 775:South Africa 771:Saudi Arabia 747:eastern Java 736: 704:ethnic group 701:Austronesian 689: 672: 552: 550: 531: 431:Christianity 426: 417: 370: 345: 332:Old Javanese 317: 175:Saudi Arabia 111: 77: 59: 39:Ethnic group 36: 11453:Australians 11336:Minangkabau 11299:Bugis-Malay 11113:Bangladeshi 10976:Sino-Native 10509:Orang Kuala 10499:Orang Kanaq 10489:Proto-Malay 10415:Minangkabau 10394:Bugis-Malay 10345:Anak Dagang 10031:Tanimbarese 9745:Ekari (Mee) 9620:Gorontaloan 9256:Aneuk Jamee 9251:Minangkabau 9207:Bugis-Malay 9098:Orang Rimba 9093:Orang Kuala 9046:Indonesians 8872:28 December 8761:17 February 8675:(1): 52–4. 8571:: 305–332. 8133:: 233–268. 7881:. Thurlton. 7815:: 345–353. 7738:. Thurlton. 6827:. Thurlton. 6744:Hooker 1988 5979:(4): 7–12. 5590:, p. 2 5573:8 September 5458:5 September 4980:28 December 4891:, Edinburgh 4717:23 December 4688:17 February 4112:became the 4098:Cape colony 3878:Lucaantara, 3605:Zhu Fan Zhi 3565:silverworks 3527:meng huo yu 3274:Banjarmasin 3264:(along the 3221:K'un-lun po 3171:Shipbuilder 3141:cartography 2824:Occupations 2789:Kepercayaan 2768:Mount Bromo 2712:Catholicism 2680:Sunni Islam 2620:Sunni Islam 2541:92,107,046 2465:vegetarians 1706:Netherlands 1279:Hayam Wuruk 1277:under King 1245:Jayakatwang 1222:spice trade 1168:Philippines 1076:heritages. 1058:Philippines 937:dance art, 914:nasi kuning 787:Netherlands 741:outside of 690:Tiyang Jawi 422:Sunni Islam 246:Netherlands 200:c. 400,000 78:Tiyang Jawi 11724:Categories 11693:Portuguese 11630:Paramaccan 11530:Indigenous 11437:Vietnamese 11427:Pakistanis 11417:Malaysians 11194:Vietnamese 11148:Indonesian 11034:Sri Lankan 10838:Sama-Bajau 10806:Lun Bawang 10682:Lun Bawang 10615:Semaq Beri 10504:Orang Laut 10479:Peninsular 10466:Orang Asal 10383:Mandailing 10237:Bumiputera 10227:Malaysians 10170:Portuguese 10128:Klingalese 9570:Orang Laut 9408:Lun Bawang 9382:Kalimantan 9338:Kangeanese 9331:Tenggerese 9321:Banyumasan 9316:Cirebonese 9160:Toba Batak 9155:Simalungun 9145:Mandailing 9108:Petalangan 9063:Aboriginal 8926:, ABC-CLIO 8339:19 October 7796:: 253–280. 7660:9747551063 6682:(1): 1–28. 6218:. Araska. 5567:KOMPAS.com 5448:Kompas.com 5383:. Struik. 5227:Bangladesh 5214:1931930252 5074:. Struik. 5038:7 November 4902:"Javanese" 4857:29 October 4707:"Suriname" 4672:The Malays 4587:2 December 4538:3 December 4471:References 4433:Linschoten 4237:Budi Utomo 4122:Diponegoro 4118:Cape Malay 4094:South Asia 4028:Ang Mo Kio 4000:bumiputera 3910:Portuguese 3906:Castillian 3776:Madagascar 3746:Madagascar 3730:See also: 3720:Migrations 3591:waju rante 3507:Greek fire 3476:Gajah Mada 3318:Blacksmith 3303:brigantine 3165:Kalimantan 3052:, Cambay ( 3034:Tenasserim 2985:by Arabs, 2964:Mozambique 2960:Tanganyika 2784:Agama Jawa 2736:Yogyakarta 2600:94,788,943 2551:1,506,208 2547:Protestant 2500:patronymic 2455:made from 2408:Nasi Pecel 2384:palm sugar 2380:jack fruit 2372:Yogyakarta 2208:Pakubuwono 2200:Pakualaman 2192:Yogyakarta 2131:Yogyakarta 1950:indigenous 1793:Hanacaraka 1764:Indonesian 1730:See also: 1694:Cape Malay 1682:Yogyakarta 1604:Yogyakarta 1544:See also: 1530:province. 1513:Yogyakarta 1482:Diponegoro 1459:Pakualaman 1451:Yogyakarta 1407:Yogyakarta 1372:Portuguese 1349:Wali Songo 1283:Gajah Mada 1275:Majapahits 1234:Singhasari 1191:Mpu Sindok 1170:, and the 1116:Kewu Plain 976:See also: 929:weaponry, 865:Singhasari 833:after the 815:Christians 807:Tenggerese 795:Cirebonese 791:Banyumasan 710:island of 708:Indonesian 661:Orang Jawa 657:Indonesian 507:Tenggerese 487:Cirebonese 437:and 0.97% 435:Protestant 427:Minorities 354:Banyumasan 338:Indonesian 11709:Brazilian 11397:Filipinos 11390:Taiwanese 11375:Armenians 11316:Eurasians 11289:Banjarese 11179:Pakistani 11078:Chindians 11053:Peranakan 10963:Peranakan 10934:Hainanese 10924:Cantonese 10889:(Sam-Sam) 10862:Peranakan 10767:Mangka'ak 10662:Orang Ulu 10600:Cheq Wong 10437:Sundanese 10405:Baweanese 10373:Banjarese 10262:Anak Jati 10165:Pakistani 10160:Mardijker 10111:Peranakan 9912:Manggarai 9895:Lamaholot 9755:Ketengban 9675:Sangirese 9655:Mongondow 9650:Minahasan 9645:Mandarese 9625:Kalumpang 9558:Pontianak 9529:Punan Bah 9445:Uma Baka' 9420:Apo Kayan 9399:Apo Duat 9370:Bantenese 9360:Sundanese 9273:Palembang 8867:161553591 8689:0854-0039 8388:163835838 8334:Storymaps 8147:191565174 8108:: p. 178. 8017:. BRILL. 7920:247335671 7864:250356881 7829:162840685 7779:162220129 7634:, p. 169. 7506:0104-5970 7325:2045-2322 7248:165650197 7240:1363-9811 7201:249731102 7193:2579-9215 6512:Indonesia 6055:163495498 5696:0044-8613 5682:: 43–81. 4911:1 October 4769:Ko Oudhof 4732:Ko Oudhof 4462:Sundanese 4420:Asiatique 4370:Nusantara 4366:Pararaton 4173:paguyuban 4032:Serangoon 3964:East Java 3933:Indramayu 3925:West Java 3902:west Java 3825:Palembang 3793:merchants 3561:Kota Gede 3532:Hua I Kao 3499:spingarde 3472:Mahapatih 3452:istinggar 3425:standards 3409:istinggar 3405:matchlock 3290:Amsterdam 3230:outrigger 3211:bay, 1610 3133:compasses 3125:astronomy 3062:Kozhikode 2969:ambergris 2907:Kahuripan 2903:Airlangga 2798:animistic 2774:Kebatinan 2724:Surakarta 2528:Religions 2508:Christian 2404:Gado-gado 2360:East Java 2308:Moluccans 2204:Surakarta 2146:East Java 2138:Majapahit 2120:Borobudur 2116:Prambanan 2066:Borobudur 1995:Siji Suro 1912:American 1900:Javanese 1760:bilingual 1702:Singapore 1686:East Java 1655:pesisiran 1641:Satu Suro 1608:Surakarta 1517:Surakarta 1474:Borobudur 1447:Surakarta 1368:Palembang 1294:Silk Road 1271:East Java 1267:Mojokerto 1263:Majapahit 1224:with the 1207:Srivijaya 1152:Prambanan 1148:Borobudur 1132:Sailendra 1046:West Java 1042:Sundanese 1003:Borobudur 951:Sri Lanka 885:Prambanan 881:Borobudur 877:Indochina 869:Majapahit 779:Sri Lanka 759:Singapore 699:) are an 673:Wong Jawa 502:Sundanese 477:Bantenese 445:(0.17%), 424:(97.15%) 309:Languages 264:Sri Lanka 196:Singapore 132:Indonesia 60:Wong Jawa 11680:European 11665:Javanese 11635:Saramaka 11407:Japanese 11326:Javanese 11294:Buginese 11165:(former) 11158:Japanese 11138:Filipino 11122:Rohingya 11107:Hadhrami 11019:Malayali 11004:Gujarati 10876:Kristang 10826:Tambanuo 10772:Maragang 10595:Mah Meri 10481:Malaysia 10410:Makassar 10400:Javanese 10368:Acehnese 10145:Japanese 10118:Filipino 10086:Chindian 10081:Armenian 10004:Ambonese 9987:Manusela 9970:Moluccan 9922:Rotenese 9875:Bimanese 9870:Balinese 9865:Bali Aga 9635:Makassar 9615:Bonerate 9610:Butonese 9600:Buginese 9592:Sulawesi 9517:Bakumpai 9505:Ma'anyan 9500:Lawangan 9495:Ot Danum 9459:Kendayan 9343:Madurese 9311:Javanese 9283:Simeulue 9244:Sakuddei 9239:Mentawai 9120:Acehnese 8770:Surabaya 8724:41057030 8639:(1856). 8550:15288523 8515:21753825 8380:27948560 8259:20 April 8255:, ORSTOM 7771:20070359 7392:22438500 7343:27188237 6796:(2009). 6720:Gin 2004 6291:(2002). 5985:27863869 5676:Archipel 5359:15406023 5265:Illinois 5190:6 August 5006:17 March 4781:Archived 4752:Archived 4329:Selangor 4194:See also 4159:) area, 4145:Suriname 4130:Java War 4096:and the 4074:Suriname 4036:Sengkang 3984:Selangor 3960:Ponorogo 3937:Karawang 3908:and the 3819:and the 3630:town of 3536:shu chin 3503:schioppi 3484:Pole gun 3373:machetes 3101:and the 3091:Americas 3079:Tasmania 3066:Zheng He 3036:, Pegu ( 3014:Ma'anyan 3010:Sanskrit 2927:Naerssen 2919:Zanzibar 2806:Buddhist 2794:Javanese 2760:Buddhism 2756:Hinduism 2732:Magelang 2728:Salatiga 2720:Semarang 2693:Trowulan 2660:Buddhism 2650:Hinduism 2622:(97.17%) 2577:Buddhism 2571:150,855 2567:Hinduism 2561:921,913 2521:Religion 2483:Sanskrit 2424:turmeric 2356:Surabaya 2244:and the 2231:minarets 2142:Trowulan 1985:and the 1979:calendar 1967:Calendar 1785:a script 1753:Sanskrit 1741:Javanese 1720:Language 1698:Malaysia 1690:Suriname 1637:Slametan 1599:keratons 1589:Buddhist 1478:Java War 1463:keratons 1403:Kotagede 1341:Surabaya 1302:Trowulan 1184:devaraja 1176:Cambodia 1101:Buddhist 1090:Ramayana 1062:Balinese 959:Suriname 935:ronggeng 899:such as 861:Buddhist 843:Punjabis 839:Bengalis 829:and the 827:Far East 785:and the 763:Malaysia 755:Suriname 720:Javanese 665:Javanese 649:-⁠ 553:Javanese 492:Madurese 472:Balinese 447:Buddhist 443:Hinduism 412:Religion 346:Dialects 327:Javanese 300:Thailand 221:Suriname 150:Malaysia 43:Javanese 11655:Chinese 11620:Matawai 11605:Maroons 11597:African 11570:Sikiana 11565:Saloema 11560:Kali'na 11446:Oceania 11422:Nepalis 11412:Koreans 11402:Indians 11385:Chinese 11153:Iranian 11118:Burmese 11098:African 11014:Punjabi 10949:Henghua 10944:Foochow 10939:Teochew 10919:Hokkien 10905:Chinese 10801:Illanun 10782:Rumanau 10777:Minokok 10747:Kadazan 10717:Melanau 10708:Others 10672:Kelabit 10645:Bukitan 10640:Bidayuh 10627:Sarawak 10610:Jah Hut 10568:Mendriq 10521:Semelai 10452:Siamese 10420:Kerinci 10330:Kedayan 10096:Benteng 10091:Chinese 10064:African 10041:Togutil 10014:Wai Apu 9999:Ambelau 9947:Sumbawa 9845:Lesser 9820:Waropen 9800:Sentani 9765:Korowai 9735:Damalme 9720:Amungme 9690:Torajan 9534:Bukitan 9522:Meratus 9476:Mualang 9454:Bidayuh 9403:Kelabit 9288:Singkil 9268:Haloban 9232:Serdang 9222:Langkat 9182:Lampung 9167:Enggano 9135:Angkola 9055:Sumatra 8935:, Brill 8885:Sources 8585:2843812 7609:11 June 7383:3367776 7334:4870696 7305:Bibcode 6902:Journal 6846:: 1–53. 6047:2057377 5925:3034096 4809:26 June 4417:Journal 4350:: i.e. 4242:Kejawèn 4161:Lampung 4055:Ternate 4040:Hougang 3968:Sumatra 3929:Cirebon 3927:around 3829:Sumatra 3821:Mataram 3495:rentaka 3457:senapan 3295:Rembang 3270:Cirebon 3258:Rembang 3154:of the 3137:magnets 3107:Chinese 3099:Red Sea 3081:. 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