241:
49:
1790:
531:
367:
385:”. The leadership of Istiqlal was successful in overcoming “petty rivalries” between the different parties and anticolonial organizations and unifying the nationalist movement. This factor added to the campaign of Moroccan activists spread across the world and contributed to achieving international visibility and support for their cause.
433:
However, once the country achieved independence in 1956, the party moved into opposition against the monarchy, which had asserted itself as the country's main political actor. It had to overcome some obstacles since the party, which had just achieved their common goal, was prone to fragmentation.
1125:
1097:
381:
views and was the main political force struggling for the independence of
Morocco. The initial goal stated in their manifesto was the independence from France “within the framework of a
1223:
401:
and thus under less influence of the French or
Spanish. In Tangier Moroccan Nationalists established contact with Americans residing in Morocco, which among others provided US
465:
in the years to come. The
Istiqlal party has taken part in many coalition governments from the late 1970s until the mid-1980s. In 1998, together with the USFP inside the
1657:
1682:
1775:
1583:
1532:
425:). Advocating in France was primarily focussed on communicating with French society, disseminating and exchanging information, and mobilizing students.
1715:
580:
347:
from 19 September 2007 to 29 November 2011. From 2013 to 2021, it was part of the opposition. Since 2021 it is part of a coalition government led by
590:
was elected
Secretary-General of the Istiqlal party, by 924 votes against 230 votes for his rival and outgoing secretary-general Hamid Chabat. King
1753:
1506:
1631:
594:
expressed his congratulations to the new
Istiqlal Party leader for the confidence placed in him by the members of the party’s national council.
2064:
1391:
1352:
1313:
1274:
377:
The party was founded in April 1937 as the
National Party for Istiqlal, and became the Istiqlal Party 10 December 1943. Istiqlal held strongly
545:
Abbas El Fassi resigned as Prime
Minister 29 November 2011, and resigned as Secretary-General of Istiqlal on 23 September 2012, following
2039:
2006:
1227:
1855:
1768:
2044:
2029:
1849:
1609:
546:
1458:
2059:
2049:
1799:
1558:
484:", Morocco's independence would not be complete without the liberation of all the territories that once were part of Morocco.
2069:
1416:
1375:
1109:
963:
819:
793:
771:
748:
725:
702:
679:
657:
634:
524:
509:
2074:
2034:
1784:
312:
256:
1475:
1955:
1950:
1930:
1915:
1761:
197:
1890:
1873:
1867:
1825:
1336:
1297:
1258:
914:
494:
458:
450:), with prominent Jewish figures such as Armand Asoulin, David Azoulay, Marc Sabbagh, Joe O’Hana, and Albert Aflalo.
1783:
1920:
1813:
454:
1960:
1837:
1171:
842:
572:
565:
336:
190:
20:
1843:
1807:
1658:"HM the King Congratulates Nizar Baraka Following his Election as Istiqlal Party's Secretary-General | MapNews"
865:
598:
211:
1748:
1057:"Repression and Activism among the Arab Spring's First Movers: Evidence from Morocco's February 20th Movement"
2054:
1910:
576:
398:
340:
186:
1945:
358:
struggle against French and
Spanish imperial rule, making it the oldest active political party in Morocco.
125:
601:, an increase of 35 seats since the last election, thus remaining the third largest party in the kingdom.
1905:
931:
405:
contacts. Outside of
Morocco, important developments in advocating for Moroccan independence happened in
175:
1861:
1831:
980:
1965:
469:
and other smaller parties, the
Istiqlal formed the Alternance, the first political experience in the
1986:
170:
163:
1533:"HM the King congratulates Hamid Chabat on election secretary general of Istiqlal Party | MapNews"
491:
440:
382:
1900:
591:
517:
286:
904:
153:
462:
261:
1895:
1197:
952:
Hefner, Robert W.; Hutchinson, John; Mels, Sara; Timmerman, Christiane (23 October 2013).
512:
held on 7 September 2007, more than any other party, and subsequently the party's leader,
393:
Establishing crucial contacts for advocating the Moroccan independence abroad happened in
8:
2010:
1935:
1925:
1102:
Imperial Rule and the Politics of Nationalism: Anti-Colonial Protest in the French Empire
298:
251:
1442:
1385:
1346:
1307:
1268:
1153:
240:
148:
1690:
1422:
1412:
1371:
1332:
1293:
1254:
1157:
1145:
1105:
1078:
959:
910:
1610:"Istiqlal Party Picks Nizar Baraka as New Secretary General – The North Africa Post"
1137:
1068:
378:
138:
2002:
953:
481:
348:
320:
304:
277:
1584:"Moroccan Party Close To Global Muslim Brotherhood Wins Parliamentary Elections"
955:
Religions in Movement: The Local and the Global in Contemporary Faith Traditions
1981:
1940:
1483:
812:
513:
477:
414:
370:
344:
69:
48:
1426:
1141:
1073:
1056:
2023:
1694:
1368:
Globalizing Morocco : transnational activism and the post-colonial state
1329:
Globalizing Morocco : transnational activism and the post-colonial state
1290:
Globalizing Morocco : transnational activism and the post-colonial state
1251:
Globalizing Morocco : transnational activism and the post-colonial state
1149:
1082:
435:
355:
1683:"Morocco elections: Islamists suffer losses as liberal parties gain ground"
1126:"The Moroccan Nationalist Movement: Istiqlal, the Sultan, and the Country*"
587:
553:
402:
328:
133:
116:
59:
1010:
539:
470:
461:(USFP), the Istiqlal would form the backbone of the opposition to King
332:
1716:"Islamists suffer crushing defeat in Moroccan parliamentary elections"
1406:
556:
was elected secretary-general of the party succeeding Abbas El Fassi.
1991:
434:
There was a movement within the Istiqlal Party to unite Muslims and
906:
Middle East and Africa: International Dictionary of Historic Places
1507:"Hamid Chabat Elected New Secretary General of the Istiqlal Party"
1789:
530:
505:
on the north African coast, reflecting its nationalist heritage.
502:
394:
324:
109:
1632:"Nizar Baraka Unseats Hamid Chabat, Becomes New Istiqlal Leader"
527:
held in November 2011, being the second party in the parliament.
366:
1408:
Memories of Absence : How Muslims Remember Jews in Morocco
1041:
466:
422:
932:"Islamists See Big Losses in Moroccan Parliamentary Elections"
951:
498:
488:
418:
410:
406:
98:
1743:
231:
388:
1559:"Morocco's ruling Islamic party wins parliamentary polls"
457:(UNFP), which split from Istiqlal in 1959, and later the
473:
where the opposition assumed power through the ballots.
903:
Ring, Trudy; Watson, Noelle; Schellinger, Paul (2014).
568:, a loss of 14 seats. The party joined the opposition.
902:
291:
930:Alami, Aida; Casey, Nicholas (9 September 2021).
581:Alliance of European Conservatives and Reformists
2021:
1104:, Cambridge University Press, pp. 166–213,
343:. Istiqlal headed a coalition government under
1098:"Nationalist Mobilization in Colonial Morocco"
1042:"Members | International Democracy Union"
354:The party emerged in the year 1937 during the
1769:
1629:
1504:
1172:"Morocco's Istiqlal party elects new leader"
445:
1404:
1011:"The Facade of Political Crises in Morocco"
947:
945:
609:
1776:
1762:
1390:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
1351:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
1312:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
1273:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
1008:
929:
837:Part of the government until October 2013
239:
1588:The Global Muslim Brotherhood Daily Watch
1438:
1436:
1072:
981:"Party Politics and Elections in Morocco"
559:
523:The party won 60 out of 325 seats in the
1459:"El Fassi named Moroccan prime minister"
1095:
1054:
978:
942:
604:
529:
508:Istiqlal won 52 out of 325 seats in the
373:, founder of the Istiqlal Party, in 1950
365:
1365:
1326:
1287:
1248:
898:
896:
597:The Istiqlal party won 81 seats in the
389:Transnational advocacy for independence
2022:
1433:
361:
2065:Political parties established in 1944
1757:
1123:
487:In January 2006, Istiqlal criticized
428:
1292:. Stanford, California. p. 19.
1253:. Stanford, California. p. 21.
1061:British Journal of Political Science
893:
1956:Party of Liberty and Social Justice
1931:Socialist Democratic Vanguard Party
1556:
1190:
516:, was named Prime Minister by King
446:
281:
13:
2040:Arab nationalist political parties
1505:Staff Writer (23 September 2012).
564:In 2016, Istiqlal won 46 seats in
497:'s visit to the Spanish cities of
383:constitutional-democratic monarchy
14:
2086:
1891:Environment and Development Party
1868:Federation of the Democratic Left
1826:Socialist Union of Popular Forces
1737:
1009:Errazzouki, Samia (12 May 2013).
579:, and an associate member of the
459:Socialist Union of Popular Forces
1921:National Union of Popular Forces
1814:Authenticity and Modernity Party
1788:
455:National Union of Popular Forces
47:
1961:Party of Renaissance and Virtue
1838:Party of Progress and Socialism
1708:
1675:
1650:
1630:Staff Writer (7 October 2017).
1623:
1602:
1576:
1550:
1525:
1498:
1468:
1452:
1405:Boum, Aomar (16 October 2013).
1398:
1359:
1320:
1281:
1242:
1216:
1164:
1117:
573:Centrist Democrat International
337:Centrist Democrat International
191:Centrist Democrat International
21:Istiqlal Party (disambiguation)
2045:Conservative parties in Africa
2030:1944 establishments in Morocco
1856:Democratic and Social Movement
1850:Justice and Development Party
1808:National Rally of Independents
1226:. Riad Reviews. Archived from
1198:"Moroccan human rights groups"
1130:The Journal of African History
1089:
1048:
1034:
1028:
1002:
979:Daadaoui, Mohamed (May 2010).
972:
923:
397:, since it was assigned as an
303:'Independence Party';
1:
2060:Nationalist parties in Africa
2050:Monarchist parties in Morocco
1911:Democratic Independence Party
1443:"Morocco's king names new PM"
1411:. Stanford University Press.
887:
811:Leading the government under
577:International Democracy Union
547:Justice and Development Party
341:International Democracy Union
187:International Democracy Union
2070:Political parties in Morocco
1946:Moroccan Union for Democracy
1785:Political parties in Morocco
1224:"Moroccan Political Parties"
571:Istiqlal is a member of the
495:José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero
7:
2075:Social conservative parties
2035:Arab nationalism in Morocco
1906:Party of Renewal and Equity
1800:Assembly of Representatives
1055:Lawrence, Adria K. (2017).
990:(29). Middle East Institute
599:2021 parliamentary election
549:victory in 2011 elections.
313:Standard Moroccan Tamazight
292:
81:; 87 years ago
10:
2091:
1862:Front of Democratic Forces
1749:official website in french
958:. Routledge. p. 121.
909:. Routledge. p. 607.
453:Together with the leftist
335:party and a member of the
316:
18:
16:Political party in Morocco
2007:List of political parties
2000:
1974:
1951:National Democratic Party
1883:
1798:
1142:10.1017/S0021853700028759
1074:10.1017/S0007123415000733
661:
247:
229:
224:
210:
196:
183:International affiliation
182:
169:
159:
147:
124:
104:
93:
75:
65:
55:
46:
30:
1987:al-Badil al-Hadari Party
1370:. Stanford, California.
1331:. Stanford, California.
1124:Joffé, E. G. H. (1985).
1096:Lawrence, Adria (2013),
610:House of Representatives
198:House of Representatives
164:Democrat Union of Africa
1874:Unified Socialist Party
1366:Stenner, David (2019).
1327:Stenner, David (2019).
1288:Stenner, David (2019).
1249:Stenner, David (2019).
881:Part of the government
788:Part of the government
766:Part of the government
566:parliamentary elections
534:Istiqlal office of the
476:For the party's leader
176:European People’s Party
149:Political position
560:Development since 2016
542:
525:parliamentary election
520:on 19 September 2007.
510:parliamentary election
374:
308:
1465:), 20 September 2007.
1202:Amnesty International
605:Electoral performance
533:
369:
2055:Moroccan nationalism
1844:Constitutional Union
1689:. 9 September 2021.
1486:on 10 September 2014
1461:, Associated Press (
1449:, 20 September 2007.
586:On October 7, 2017,
536:Al-Fida Derb-Soltane
212:House of Councillors
171:European affiliation
160:Regional affiliation
97:4, rue Ibn Toumert,
19:For other uses, see
2011:Politics of Morocco
1926:Social Centre Party
1557:Amraoui, Ahmed El.
1230:on 4 September 2018
552:In September 2012,
362:History and profile
252:Politics of Morocco
1722:. 9 September 2021
1662:www.mapamazighe.ma
1636:Morocco World News
1511:Morocco World News
1044:. 1 February 2018.
936:The New York Times
543:
480:, a proponent of "
429:After independence
399:international zone
375:
317:ⴰⴽⴰⴱⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵍⵉⵙⵜⵉⵇⵍⴰⵍ
178:(regional partner)
40:ⴰⴽⴰⴱⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵍⵉⵙⵜⵉⵇⵍⴰⵍ
2017:
2016:
1590:. 12 October 2016
1563:www.aljazeera.com
1418:978-0-8047-8851-9
1377:978-1-5036-0900-6
1111:978-1-107-03709-0
965:978-1-136-68100-4
885:
884:
302:
290:
270:
269:
257:Political parties
56:General Secretary
2082:
1936:Citizens' Forces
1916:Green Left Party
1832:Popular Movement
1793:
1792:
1778:
1771:
1764:
1755:
1754:
1732:
1731:
1729:
1727:
1712:
1706:
1705:
1703:
1701:
1679:
1673:
1672:
1670:
1668:
1654:
1648:
1647:
1645:
1643:
1627:
1621:
1620:
1618:
1616:
1606:
1600:
1599:
1597:
1595:
1580:
1574:
1573:
1571:
1569:
1554:
1548:
1547:
1545:
1543:
1529:
1523:
1522:
1520:
1518:
1502:
1496:
1495:
1493:
1491:
1482:. Archived from
1472:
1466:
1456:
1450:
1440:
1431:
1430:
1402:
1396:
1395:
1389:
1381:
1363:
1357:
1356:
1350:
1342:
1324:
1318:
1317:
1311:
1303:
1285:
1279:
1278:
1272:
1264:
1246:
1240:
1239:
1237:
1235:
1220:
1214:
1213:
1211:
1209:
1194:
1188:
1187:
1185:
1183:
1178:. 8 October 2017
1168:
1162:
1161:
1121:
1115:
1114:
1093:
1087:
1086:
1076:
1052:
1046:
1045:
1038:
1032:
1026:
1025:
1023:
1021:
1006:
1000:
999:
997:
995:
985:
976:
970:
969:
949:
940:
939:
927:
921:
920:
900:
877:
856:
833:
807:
784:
762:
739:
716:
693:
670:
664:
648:
614:
613:
449:
448:
379:Arab nationalist
318:
297:
295:
293:Ḥizb Al-Istiqlāl
285:
283:
243:
238:
235:
233:
219:
205:
139:Arab nationalism
89:
87:
82:
51:
28:
27:
2090:
2089:
2085:
2084:
2083:
2081:
2080:
2079:
2020:
2019:
2018:
2013:
2003:Portal:Politics
1996:
1970:
1966:Socialist Party
1879:
1794:
1787:
1782:
1740:
1735:
1725:
1723:
1714:
1713:
1709:
1699:
1697:
1681:
1680:
1676:
1666:
1664:
1656:
1655:
1651:
1641:
1639:
1628:
1624:
1614:
1612:
1608:
1607:
1603:
1593:
1591:
1582:
1581:
1577:
1567:
1565:
1555:
1551:
1541:
1539:
1531:
1530:
1526:
1516:
1514:
1503:
1499:
1489:
1487:
1474:
1473:
1469:
1457:
1453:
1441:
1434:
1419:
1403:
1399:
1383:
1382:
1378:
1364:
1360:
1344:
1343:
1339:
1325:
1321:
1305:
1304:
1300:
1286:
1282:
1266:
1265:
1261:
1247:
1243:
1233:
1231:
1222:
1221:
1217:
1207:
1205:
1196:
1195:
1191:
1181:
1179:
1170:
1169:
1165:
1122:
1118:
1112:
1094:
1090:
1053:
1049:
1040:
1039:
1035:
1029:
1019:
1017:
1007:
1003:
993:
991:
983:
977:
973:
966:
950:
943:
928:
924:
917:
901:
894:
890:
878:
875:
857:
854:
834:
831:
808:
805:
785:
782:
763:
760:
740:
737:
717:
714:
694:
691:
671:
668:
662:
649:
646:
612:
607:
562:
482:Greater Morocco
431:
391:
364:
349:Aziz Akhannouch
321:political party
266:
230:
220:
217:
206:
203:
189:
143:
114:
85:
83:
80:
79:April 1937
42:
41:
39:
38:Parti Istiqlal
37:
34:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2088:
2078:
2077:
2072:
2067:
2062:
2057:
2052:
2047:
2042:
2037:
2032:
2015:
2014:
2001:
1998:
1997:
1995:
1994:
1989:
1984:
1982:Hizb ut-Tahrir
1978:
1976:
1972:
1971:
1969:
1968:
1963:
1958:
1953:
1948:
1943:
1941:Democratic Way
1938:
1933:
1928:
1923:
1918:
1913:
1908:
1903:
1898:
1893:
1887:
1885:
1881:
1880:
1878:
1877:
1871:
1865:
1859:
1853:
1847:
1841:
1835:
1829:
1823:
1820:Istiqlal Party
1817:
1811:
1804:
1802:
1796:
1795:
1781:
1780:
1773:
1766:
1758:
1752:
1751:
1746:
1739:
1738:External links
1736:
1734:
1733:
1707:
1674:
1649:
1622:
1601:
1575:
1549:
1537:www.mapnews.ma
1524:
1497:
1480:European Forum
1467:
1463:Jerusalem Post
1451:
1432:
1417:
1397:
1376:
1358:
1337:
1319:
1298:
1280:
1259:
1241:
1215:
1189:
1163:
1136:(4): 289–307.
1116:
1110:
1088:
1067:(3): 699–718.
1047:
1033:
1027:
1001:
971:
964:
941:
922:
915:
891:
889:
886:
883:
882:
879:
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872:
870:
868:
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861:
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851:
848:
845:
839:
838:
835:
830:
828:
825:
822:
816:
815:
813:Abbas El Fassi
809:
804:
802:
799:
796:
790:
789:
786:
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624:
621:
618:
611:
608:
606:
603:
561:
558:
514:Abbas El Fassi
492:Prime Minister
478:Allal El Fassi
430:
427:
415:United Nations
413:), within the
390:
387:
371:Ahmed Balafrej
363:
360:
345:Abbas El Fassi
309:Parti Istiqlal
274:Istiqlal Party
268:
267:
265:
264:
259:
254:
248:
245:
244:
227:
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106:
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95:
91:
90:
77:
73:
72:
70:Ahmed Balafrej
67:
63:
62:
57:
53:
52:
44:
43:
36:حزب الاستقلال
35:
33:Istiqlal Party
32:
31:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2087:
2076:
2073:
2071:
2068:
2066:
2063:
2061:
2058:
2056:
2053:
2051:
2048:
2046:
2043:
2041:
2038:
2036:
2033:
2031:
2028:
2027:
2025:
2012:
2008:
2004:
1999:
1993:
1990:
1988:
1985:
1983:
1980:
1979:
1977:
1973:
1967:
1964:
1962:
1959:
1957:
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1952:
1949:
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1638:. p. 1
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860:Opposition
743:Opposition
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674:Opposition
652:Opposition
592:Mohammed VI
518:Mohammed VI
2024:Categories
1490:10 October
1427:1198929626
1234:10 October
1208:10 October
888:References
684:1,090,960
639:1,000,506
540:Casablanca
538:district,
471:Arab World
333:monarchist
327:. It is a
1992:Izigzawen
1720:France 24
1695:0261-3077
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1642:2 October
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1476:"Morocco"
1386:cite book
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1176:France 24
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663:Boycotted
617:Election
463:Hassan II
417:, and in
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234:.istiqlal
117:L'Opinion
105:Newspaper
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325:Morocco
319:) is a
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447:الوفاق
423:France
305:French
278:Arabic
113:(Arab)
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1154:S2CID
984:(PDF)
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801:10.7
756:13.8
733:12.2
642:30.0
499:Ceuta
419:Paris
411:Egypt
407:Cairo
236:.info
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