History of the Jews in Ireland

2543: 4190:, was the life-president of the Belfast Hebrew Congregation and he helped build the city's second synagogue in 1904, paying most of the £4,000 cost. He was a German linen importer who visited Belfast several times a year to buy linen. He prospered and decided to live in Belfast. The synagogue he founded was located at Annesley Street, off Carlisle Circus in the north of the city where most Jews then lived. Subsequently, Barney Hurwitz, a prominent businessman in Belfast, was the president of the congregation for at least two decades. He was also a Justice of the Peace for many years and married Ceina Clein, of the well known Clein family of Cork City. Mrs. Ceina Hurwitz' first cousin Sara Bella Clein, also from that well known Cork family, married William Lewis Woolfson of Dublin, a member of a very prominent and numerous Dublin Jewish business family, whose many descendants are today spread all over the world including Ireland and Israel. The Clein family re-unions routinely were attended by up to 3,000 family members and in-laws. 3014:, but he died 1 August 1876 before he took office. In 1901, Albert L. Altman, a successful Dublin salt merchant, was elected to the Corporation as Usher's Quay ward Town Councilor. He served for three years until his death in 1903. During his time in office he was at the center of some of the most volatile nationalist controversies of the era, including the Post-Parnell split within the Irish Parliamentary Party, his own leadership of a Temperance-labor insurgency within Home Rule circles, and the Council's decision to refuse a formal welcome to Edward VII on his first visit to the City as the new King, an event James Joyce made the center of his 3065: 4055: 4173: 2894: 74: 4895: 2730: 3046: 3140: 7421: 4881: 7409: 2542: 3077:; with a large number of Irish Jews moving there out of ideological and religious convictions. In subsequent decades, more Jews would also emigrate to Israel, the United Kingdom, and the United States due to the decline of Jewish life in Ireland and for better economic prospects. In addition, rates of intermarriage and assimilation, including conversion to Catholicism in order to marry, were also high. 3061:). By 1901, there were an estimated 3,771 Jews in Ireland, over half of them (2,200) residing in Dublin. By 1904, the total Jewish population was an estimated 4,800 people. New synagogues and schools were established to cater to the immigrants, many of whom established shops and other businesses. Many of the subsequent generations became prominent in business, academic, political, and sporting circles. 3491:. The children were later reunited with their families or started new lives in Israel, the United Kingdom, and United States. In 2000 many of the Clonyn Castle children returned for a reunion. In 1952 he again had to overrule the Department of Justice to admit five Orthodox families who were fleeing the Communists. In 1966, the Dublin Jewish community arranged the planting and dedication of the 3957:" as the two great threats to consider; in his view, communism was "the most recent development in the age-long struggle waged by the Jewish Nation against the Supernatural Messias, our Lord Jesus Christ." Cahill considered Jews to be responsible for the "contamination" of western society as a result of their control over the presses, cinema, and banks of the major western countries. 3628:, on the south side of the city. It was based for its whole existence of many years, in the basement of the Adelaide Road Synagogue, which was the largest synagogue in the country. Many fine boxers were produced, amongst whom were Sydney Curland, Freddie Rosenfield, Gerry Kostick, Frank and Henry Isaacson, and Zerrick Woolfson. As a boxer, Gerry Kostick represented Ireland at the 2846:. In the Dublin White Book of 1241, there is a grant of land containing various prohibitions against its sale or disposition by the grantee. Part of the prohibition reads "vel in Judaismo ponere" (prohibiting it from being sold to Jews). The last mention of Jews in the "Calendar of Documents Relating to Ireland" appears about 1286. After the 1290 2952:, an important body which has continued in existence to the present time. Jews were expressly excepted from the benefit of the Irish Naturalisation Act of 1783. The exceptions in the Naturalisation Act of 1783 were abolished in 1846. The Irish Marriage Act of 1844 expressly made provision for marriages according to Jewish rites. 3640:, won two Universities Athletic Union titles. Kostick also played rugby and football for Carlisle for over ten years, while Woolfson also played cricket for Carlisle C.C. for several years, and, in 1949 for Dublin University, when he bowled a hat-trick in his first match. As reported in the newspapers, he dismissed 4028:

Other noted antisemites in the Catholic Church of Ireland include John Creagh, whose sermons incited the Limerick Boycott, also known as the Limerick Pogrom. In his first sermon, delivered on 11 January 1904, Creagh discussed how the Jews had crucified Jesus Christ and cried out "His blood be upon us

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The Jewish population of Ireland reached around 5,500 in the 1940s, but according to the 2016 census had declined to about 2,500 mainly due to assimilation and emigration, though less than 800 are Irish citizens. The Irish Jewish population saw a large drop in numbers in 1948 after the establishment

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From the first persecutions till the present moment, you will find Jews engaged in practically every movement against Our Divine Lord and His Church. A Jew as a Jew is utterly opposed to Jesus Christ and all the Church means....by Satan we mean not only Lucifer and the fallen Angels, but also those

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in Belfast, came from a Jewish family that had converted to Protestantism. Harland and Wolff was the largest single shipyard in Britain and Ireland. Edward Harland bought the shipyard for $ 5,000 from Hickson and Co in 1860/61 with funds from a Liverpool Jewish investor, G.C. Schwabe. Schwabe sent

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in Russia and Poland increased, the Belfast Jewish population increased from 52 in the 1861 census, to 78 in 1881 and 273 in 1891. There was very little religious conversion but an interesting noble exception was the Countess of Charlemont. The Hon. Elizabeth Jane Somerville, born on 21 June 1834,

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sympathised with the use of the term by the Jews who experienced the event, and respected its use by subsequent writers, but preferred the term "boycott". Creagh's anti-Semitic campaign, while virulent, did not result in deaths in Limerick's Jewish community. The 1911 census records that, not only

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In 1901 the Jewish population was reported to be 763 people. In 1929, records show that 519 Jews had emigrated from Northern Ireland to the United States. In 1967, the population was estimated at 1,350; by 2004 this number had fallen to 130. It is now estimated to be around 70 to 80. The current

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gives him the office of Treasurer and Chancellor of the Irish Exchequer, the king's ports and coast, and also "the custody of the King's Judaism in Ireland". This grant contains the additional instruction that "all Jews in Ireland shall be intentive and respondent to Peter as their keeper in all

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Due to the influx of Russian and Polish Jews near the turn of the century, the Jewish community set up a board of guardians in 1893, a Hebrew ladies' foreign benevolent society in 1896, and a Hebrew national school in 1898 to educate their children. For a short time, there was a second Jewish

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to be transmitted to London, though it never received the royal assent. These Irish bills, however, had one crucial result; namely, the formation of the Committee of Diligence, which was organized by British Jews at this time to watch the progress of the measure. This ultimately led to the

3644:, Mick Dargan, and Gerry Quinn with 3 successive balls. They were all very competent, current international players. He also played first division table-tennis for Anglesea T.T.C. as the number 3 player, joining Willie Heron and Ernie Sterne, both international players, on the 1st team. 2962:, but he also supported similar efforts for Jews. In 1846, at his insistence, the law "De Judaismo", prescribing a special dress for Jews, was repealed. O'Connell said: "Ireland has claims on your ancient race, it is the only country that I know of unsullied by any one act of 3266:

to Germany in 1920 to be the chief agent for procuring arms for the IRA. Briscoe proved to be highly successful at this mission, and arms arrived in Ireland in spite of the British blockade. Briscoe was also involved later in the Israeli independence movement and advised

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There was an increase in Jewish immigration to Ireland during the late 19th century. In 1871, the Jewish population of Ireland was 258; by 1881, it had risen to 453. Most of the immigration up to this time had come from England or Germany. A group who settled in

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Amateur Leagues; only players who were Jewish played for them. Maccabi played their games in the KCR grounds which opened in the 1950s. They disbanded in 1995 due to dwindling numbers and disputes over fees, and many of their players joined the Parkvale F.C.

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visited Israel in 1974, he recalled that Begin had fond memories of his role. Michael Collins also hid in a Jewish home and disguised himself in Jewish attire to hide from the British authorities at one point and even cursed at the Black and Tans in Yiddish.

4157:'s court. As a result of her marriage, Hon. Elizabeth Jane Somerville was styled as Countess of Charlemont on 26 December 1863. Soon thereafter she attended synagogue services in Belfast and converted to Judaism. She died on 31 May 1882 aged 47, at 3431:

Although overt anti-Semitism was not typical, the southern Irish were indifferent to the Nazi persecution of the Jews and those fleeing the Third Reich....A successful applicant in 1938 was typically wealthy, middle-aged, or elderly, single from

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were 13 of the remaining 26 families still resident in Limerick six years later but that 9 new Jewish families had joined them. The Jewish population numbered 122 persons in 1911 as opposed to 171 in 1901. This had declined to just 30 by 1926.

2940:"for naturalising persons professing the Jewish religion in Ireland". This was the first reference to Jews in the House of Commons up to this time. Another was introduced in the following year, agreed to without amendment, and presented to the 3448:

and her infant son, are known to have been murdered in the Holocaust, which otherwise did not substantially directly affect the Jews actually living in Ireland. (At least 6 Jews from Ireland are known to have been murdered in the Shoah.) The

4037:...came to fasten themselves upon us like leeches, and to draw our blood...the question is whether or not we will allow them to fasten themselves still more upon us, until we and our children are the helpless victims of their rapacity. 3371:", although it is estimated that about 100,000 men from the state took part on the side of the Allies, while a handful may have taken the part of their opponents. In Rome, T.J. Kiernan, the Irish Minister to the Vatican, and his wife, 3359:

and National Socialism. His reports contained incorrect information on the treatment of Jews in Germany, and he was against allowing Jews to move to Ireland. After being reprimanded by Dublin, he was dismissed in 1939.

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and Lady Maria Harriet Conyngham. She married James Molyneux Caulfeild, 3rd Earl of Charlemont, son of Hon. Henry Caulfeild and Elizabeth Margaret Browne, on 18 December 1856. Her mother-in-law was a favourite in

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bankers and industrialists met the strict criterion of being Catholic, although possibly of Jewish descent, capable of supporting themselves comfortably without involvement in the economic life of the country.

3319:. The same amendment removed the 'special position' of the Catholic Church, as well as references to the Church of Ireland, the Presbyterian Church, the Methodist Church, and the Religious Society of Friends. 3832:, father of Joseph Plunkett and an influential parliamentarian and member of various government cabinets, warned de Valera of the nefarious qualities and influence of Jews, which included claims about Jews' " 3478:

It has always been the policy of the Minister for Justice to restrict the admission of Jewish aliens, for the reason that any substantial increase in our Jewish population might give rise to an anti-Semitic

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his nephew Gustave Wilhelm Wolff to Belfast to oversee the investment and the company assumed the name Harland and Wolff the following year, 1862. Harland and Wolff built many large ships including the

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Throughout the 20th century, several leading figures in the Catholic Church have promoted antisemitic beliefs and attitudes, and a number of leading Catholic newspapers and journals, including the

2970:(1845–1852), in which approximately 1 million Irish people died, many Jews helped to organize and gave generously towards famine relief. A Dublin newspaper, commenting in 1850, pointed out that 3339:

were permitted entry into the United Kingdom without visas in 1939. Some of these children were sent to Northern Ireland. Many of them were looked after by foster parents but others went to the

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However, De Valera overruled the Department of Justice and the 150 refugee Jewish children were brought to Ireland in 1948. Earlier, in 1946, 100 Jewish children from Poland were brought to

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to threaten the Jewish community in Ireland if the new state of Israel did not address Christian places of worship there to McQuaid's satisfaction; in his report on the matter to the

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There is one Orthodox congregation in Dublin and one progressive. Machzikei Hadass shut down in 2022, the last Haredi denomination. There is one Orthodox congregation in Belfast.

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story "Ivy Day in the Committee Room." Although a convert to Catholicism, Altman suffered Jew-baiting and antisemitic jeers throughout his many years seeking municipal office.

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in its stores in Britain and Ireland. Shaheed Satardien, head of the Muslim Council of Ireland, said this was effectively "polluting the minds of impressionable young

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Father Creagh was moved by his superiors initially to Belfast and then to an island in the Pacific Ocean. In 1914 he was promoted by the Pope to be Vicar Apostolic of

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and one of Ireland's most significant statesmen, personally called on the representative of the Nazi German government to express his condolences for Hitler's death.

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There was some domestic anti-Jewish sentiment during World War II, most notably expressed in a notorious speech to the Dáil in 1943, when newly elected independent

5949: 4099:. The first reference to Jews in Belfast dates from 1652, and a "Jew butcher" was mentioned in 1771, suggesting some semblance of a Jewish community at that time. 3690:

A significant proportion of Ireland's foundational political figures, including the founders of two of Ireland's three major parties, were noted for their blatant

4111:, who served at the synagogue which was located at Great Victoria Street from 1870 to 1880 and 1892 to 1897. Later spiritual leaders at the synagogue included 3629: 1754: 3108:

who called for a boycott during a sermon in January 1904. A teenager, John Raleigh, was arrested by the police and briefly imprisoned for attacking the Jews'

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The Irish Constitution of 1937 specifically gave constitutional protection to Jews. This was considered to be a necessary component to the constitution by

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to disband the Irgun militia, to prevent a civil war among the Israelis afterwards, after learning from the Irish struggle. Years later, when his son

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reported on the unofficial and official barriers that prevented Jews from finding refuge in Ireland although the barriers have been down ever since:

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in Northern Ireland, who was elected President of the Belfast Hebrew Congregation and served in that post until he retired in 2008; Belfast actors

2882: 2838: 2822:. Strongbow seems to have been assisted financially by a Jewish moneylender, for under the date of 1170 the following record occurs: "Josce Jew of 1291: 3296:

in 1922. She sat as an independent member until her death in 1933. She was also an advocate for the Irish language and served as President of the

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In an effort to provide minority communities with political representation in parliament (as was the case with minority Christian denominations)

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Since 1983, several commentators have questioned the traditional narrative of the event, and especially whether the event's description as a

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Hanley, Brian (May 2020). "'The Irish and the Jews have a good deal in common': Irish republicanism, anti-Semitism and the post-war world".

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Info is from various Irish censuses (and enumerates Jews by religion); all-Ireland until 1911 and from 1926, only the 26 southern counties

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James Joyce, Ulysses, and the Construction of Jewish Identity by Neil R. Davison, p. 37, published by Cambridge University Press, 1998,

7440: 3898: 3159:, depicting Jews and Irish as "brothers in a common struggle", though using language differentiating between the two. The Land Leaguer 5762: 4209:. The Millisle Refugee Farm (Magill's farm, on the Woburn Road) and was founded by teenage pioneers from the Bachad movement. It took 7857: 7670: 6565:"Eamon de Valera's 'moral myopia' in offering condolences to Germany over Hitler's death put Ireland beyond the pale for many people" 5047: 4929: 3080:

The Republic of Ireland currently has two synagogues in Dublin, one Orthodox, one reform. There is a further synagogue in Belfast in

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and pick- pockets in each country and which no decent Christian ever reads except holding his nose as a precaution against nausea.

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Griffith was apparently unaware that the Jews of Limerick had little or no involvement in moneylending or similar practices. The

3751: 1090: 5277: 5200: 3461: 7955: 7907: 7782: 7777: 4867: 4127:, was born in Belfast. Rabbi John Ross, Rabbi Jacob Schachter and Rabbi Alexander Carlebach followed in this rabbinic lineage. 3837: 2815: 2497: 1667: 1602: 1484: 6584: 7032: 6417: 5744: 5651: 5416: 5370: 5111: 5084: 5057: 4980: 4013: 788: 6110:"Antisemitism in Ireland 'Blatant and Obvious' in Wake of Hamas Onslaught, Says Jewish Former Cabinet Minister Alan Shatter" 3976:, and a major political influence on Irish politics throughout much of the 20th century, delivered an antisemitic sermon to 3405:, officially complained of press commentaries. In February 1939, he protested against the Bishop of Galway who had issued a 7991: 7912: 7742: 3562: 1226: 3860: 3474:, which brought over 500 Christian children, mainly from the Rhineland. The Department of Justice explained in 1948 that: 3293: 7917: 7578: 5322: 3517: 3100:(and sometimes known as the Limerick Pogrom) and caused many Jews to leave the city. It was instigated by an influential 2862: 1494: 1311: 1301: 541: 6662: 3591:

played cricket for Ireland opening the innings on 12 occasions, and also at club level in Dublin as the opening bat for

3171:, attacked those who had participated in the riots and visited homes of Jewish victims in Limerick. His friend, Corkman 7842: 4961: 2649: 2592: 2587: 2582: 2577: 1890: 1840: 1805: 1499: 1364: 1231: 7812: 7772: 7752: 7732: 7635: 7079: 6978: 6945: 6375: 6328: 6251: 5865: 5703: 5676: 5454: 2949: 2706: 2572: 2490: 1582: 1544: 1519: 1439: 1424: 1271: 1211: 1166: 3409:, along similar lines, accusing Germany of "violence, lying, murder and the condemning of other races and peoples". 2865:. A permanent settlement of Jews was certainly established in the late 15th century. Following their expulsion from 7996: 7945: 7747: 2751: 2567: 1875: 1857: 1763: 1657: 1509: 1504: 1429: 1394: 1261: 6217: 5171: 7950: 7897: 7872: 7827: 7822: 7797: 7655: 6466:"Eamon de Valera and Hitler: An Analysis of International Reaction to the Visit to the German Minister, May 1945" 4143:. A few records also note a Jewish presence during the 18th and early 19th centuries. In the 19th century as the 3938: 3777: 3285: 3116:

report, 5 Jewish families left Limerick "owing directly to the agitation" and 26 families remained. Some went to

2393: 2292: 1847: 1830: 1783: 1682: 1592: 1529: 1479: 1459: 1454: 1374: 1348: 1323: 1201: 1191: 1181: 1161: 1156: 6776:"'The Irish and the Jews have a good deal in common': Irish republicanism, anti-Semitism and the post-war world" 6434: 6057: 7862: 7852: 7802: 7762: 7715: 7710: 7700: 7685: 7680: 7675: 7660: 7645: 7640: 7630: 7625: 7620: 7615: 3876: 3833: 3595:

and earlier, for Carlisle Cricket Club in Kimmage which was made up of members of the Dublin Jewish community.

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Refugee Farm (Magill's Farm, on the Woburn Road) which took refugees from May 1938 until its closure in 1948.

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I have in former years often declared that the Three Evil Influences of the century were the Pirate, the

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Post-war, Jewish groups had great difficulty in getting refugee status for Jewish children, whereas the

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without issue. There were no Jews in Moy, so her initial exposure to Judaism is worthy of research.

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to save many Jews and escaped prisoners of war. Jews conducted religious services in the church of

3113: 2978:...contributed during the Irish famine of 1847 ... a sum far beyond the joint contributions of the 2681: 2176: 2156: 1266: 746: 287: 7169: 3747: 2990:, Fitzwilliams and Herberts, who annually drew so many times that amount from their Irish estates. 5466: 4934: 3811: 3769: 3539:

opened in Dublin. It is the first fully kosher eatery operating in Ireland since the late 1960s.

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The reference to the Jewish Congregations in the Irish Constitution was removed in 1973 with the

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Published by the Journal of the Cork Archaeological & Historical Society, 1903 By Robert Day

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An Irish-Jewish Politician, Joyce's Dublin, and Ulysses: The Life and Times of Albert L. Altman

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I do not hesitate to say that there is no greater enemies of the Catholic Church than the Jews.

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There was some official indifference from the political establishment to the Jewish victims of

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for the money which he lent to those who against the king's prohibition went over to Ireland".

2686: 2436: 2171: 2085: 1151: 703: 322: 292: 6071: 3617:, winning the Ennis Shield in 1936 and being promoted to play in the Armstrong Cup. Riga born 3204:"an aberration in an otherwise almost perfect history of Ireland and its treatment of the Jews 3064: 7147: 6222: 6162: 5950:"Ireland's first kosher restaurant in decades attracts local Jews and non-Jewish celebrities" 5304: 4187: 4116: 4112: 4001: 3981: 3879:; Cronin apologized and received no further disciplinary action from Sinn Féin. According to 3829: 3796: 3743: 3729: 3679: 3592: 3578: 3384: 3227: 3057:

there was increased Jewish immigration to Ireland, mostly from Eastern Europe (in particular

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has always been small in numbers in modern history, not exceeding 5,500 since at least 1891.

2327: 2322: 2267: 2055: 970: 698: 685: 580: 297: 7356: 6737:"The Irish Nationalist And The Nazi: When Eamon De Valera Paid His Respects To Adolf Hitler" 6178:"Rachel Moiselle: I'm of Jewish ancestry, studying at Trinity, where hostility has festered" 5855: 5290: 3565:(winning the Home International Championship in 1914), as well as playing at club level for 5759: 5204: 4220: 3973: 3965: 3881: 3633: 3582: 3011: 2995: 2834: 2796: 2696: 2398: 2350: 2090: 1948: 761: 626: 615: 573: 5826:

Department of Justice Memorandum 'Admission of One Hundred Jewish children' 28 April 1948.

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By 1232, there was probably a Jewish community in Ireland, as a grant of 28 July 1232 by

2819: 2620: 2557: 2451: 2146: 824: 691: 594: 587: 517: 405: 280: 7129: 6847: 5574: 5429: 5262: 5126: 4269:, Ireland had 2,557 Jews by religion in 2016, of whom 1,439 (56%) lived in its capital, 4054: 7550: 7195: 7050: 6827: 6629: 6528: 6485: 6346: 6301: 5243: 5235: 4908: 4162: 3969: 3911: 3471: 3450: 3394: 3376: 3172: 3133: 2999: 2979: 2847: 2625: 2531: 2302: 2252: 2199: 2194: 2108: 1978: 1246: 1075: 834: 754: 608: 174: 5032: 3821: 3561:(1890–1943) who moved to Ireland as a child, played soccer at international level for 3309: 2893: 7085: 7075: 7038: 7028: 6984: 6974: 6951: 6941: 6877: 6808: 6609: 6532: 6520: 6477: 6413: 6371: 6334: 6324: 6293: 6257: 6247: 5861: 5740: 5699: 5672: 5647: 5450: 5412: 5366: 5247: 5107: 5080: 5053: 4976: 4957: 4863: 4224: 4158: 4009: 3993: 3977: 3917: 3868: 3814:

that contained antisemitic sentiments, which were common in the Ireland of the time.

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in 1497, some of these Sephardic Jews settled on Ireland's south coast. One of them,

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international press and Hollywood were controlled by the "Jew-enemy of our Saviour

3331:. About ten thousand unaccompanied children aged between three and seventeen from 6759: 6589: 6198:"Plan to teach children about Gaza conflict will 'incite antisemitism' - Shatter" 6182: 5842: 5803: 5766: 5722: 5553:"Dublin's Jewish lord mayor recalls meeting Zionist leaders - The Jerusalem Post" 5489: 5473: 5133: 4919: 4238: 4202: 4108: 3708: 3703: 3695: 3682:

criticised elements of the Irish school curriculum as "unabashedly antisemitic".

3651: 3566: 3547: 3467: 3445: 3406: 3328: 3259: 3129: 3007: 2909: 2858: 2804: 2378: 2337: 2332: 2312: 2234: 2228: 2161: 2113: 1953: 1934: 1085: 814: 726: 709: 253: 154: 7570: 6218:"WJC President Lauder Labels Irish School Curriculum as Unabashedly Antisemitic" 3953:, a close friend of de Valera. Fahey viewed the "Internationalisms of Jewry and 3852: 3391: 6624: 5783: 5695: 4900: 4886: 4176: 4154: 4063: 3961: 3714: 3588: 3570: 3352: 3336: 3289: 3268: 3160: 2870: 2842:

things touching the king". The Jews of this period probably resided in or near

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membership of the Belfast Hebrew Congregation is believed to be as low as 80.

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The boycott was condemned by many in Ireland, among which was the influential

7980: 6881: 6812: 6524: 6481: 6297: 5894:

The Jews of Ireland by Robert Tracy, published in the Summer 1999 edition of

3655: 3558: 3484: 3454: 3413: 3297: 3125: 3093: 3034: 2905: 2426: 2421: 1627: 1554: 1080: 929: 924: 919: 909: 887: 839: 601: 440: 345: 307: 258: 7089: 7072:

Jews in twentieth-century Ireland: refugees, anti-semitism and the Holocaust

6988: 6971:

Jews in twentieth-century Ireland: refugees, anti-semitism and the Holocaust

6955: 6938:

Jews in twentieth-century Ireland: refugees, anti-semitism and the Holocaust

6906:"'Israel was behind 9/11': shock report exposes dark side of Irish politics" 6338: 6321:

Jews in twentieth-century Ireland: refugees, anti-semitism and the Holocaust

6261: 3288:, a member of the Jewish community, was appointed for a twelve-year term by 2908:. The community acquired a plot of land in 1718 that became Ireland's first 2818:(commonly known by his nickname, Strongbow) in defiance of a prohibition by 6799:"Sinn Féin TD Réada Cronin's 'antisemitic' tweets unacceptable, says party" 6719:"John F. Kennedy branded de Valera a "lunatic" after 1945 visit to Ireland" 6681:"When Ireland rejected Jewish orphans fleeing Nazis, this man saved dozens" 6135: 5799:"'Stumbling stones' unveiled in Dublin to remember Irish Holocaust victims" 4242: 4194: 4120: 3864: 3691: 3641: 3372: 3364: 3356: 3332: 3247: 3239: 3214: 3101: 2963: 2851: 2456: 2282: 2123: 2118: 2076: 2029: 1123: 990: 975: 934: 899: 512: 354: 73: 6870:"Sinn Fein TD Reada Cronin to avoid disciplinary action over Israel posts" 3856: 3699: 3511:, a British supermarket chain, had to apologize for selling the notorious 7406: 7130:"JCR-UK: Belfast Jewish Community & Synagogues, Northern Ireland, UK" 4030: 3954: 3934: 3512: 3453:

listed the 4,000 Jews of Ireland to be among those marked for killing in

3423:

as being "antipathetic, hostile and unfeeling". Dr. Mervyn O'Driscoll of

3272: 3242:

was a Lithuanian-born solicitor who became famous for defending captured

3117: 3105: 2929: 2878: 2827: 2676: 2441: 2383: 2048: 954: 949: 944: 914: 6489: 6465: 6305: 6281: 5781:"Let's do better than the indifference we showed during the Holocaust – 5239: 5218:

Lurbe, Pierre (1999). "John Toland and the Naturalization of the Jews".

3416:

during and after the war. This indifference would later be described by

3045: 6516: 6114: 6094: 5982: 5231: 4250: 4183: 4091:

community, was established in 1870. Former communities were located in

3675: 3671: 3647: 3231: 3191: 3144: 2823: 2099: 1113: 1042: 1000: 829: 809: 368: 275: 195: 96:

2,892 (2016 census, Republic of Ireland, 2011 census, Northern Ireland)

6848:"Réada Cronin: SF leader to discuss TD's comments with Jewish Council" 4273:. This number declined to 2,193 at the time of the 2022 Irish Census. 3139: 6803: 5386:"Death notice of Joseph Diamond". Jewish Chronicle. 1 September 1893. 4085: 3818: 3058: 3023: 2262: 2247: 1337: 1285: 1047: 995: 985: 666: 662: 652: 567: 327: 5099: 3772:) that were antisemitic in tone, including one in 1899 that stated: 2799:

record "Five Jews came from overseas with gifts to Toirdelbach [

1015: 7357:

Audio podcast about the links between Irish Nationalism and Zionism

6202: 4206: 3621:(1880–1932) was Irish Chess Champion in 1924, 1927, 1928 and 1929. 3536: 3496: 3340: 3003: 2866: 2431: 2041: 1973: 804: 312: 263: 7420: 6282:""Ireland Is the Only Country...": Joyce and the Jewish Dimension" 6090:"Ireland's History Explains Its Hostility Towards Israel and Jews" 3802:

If Jews —as Jews— were boycotted, it would be outrageously unjust.

3601:

was a soccer team in Kimmage/Terenure/Rathgar. They played in the

3375:(a noted traditional ballad singer), worked with the Irish priest 3312:

because of the treatment of Jews elsewhere in Europe at the time.

2885:(Ãnes), was a three-time Mayor of Youghal in 1569, 1576 and 1581. 6246:. Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire: Macmillan. pp. 64–66. 5909:"Tesco apologises and withdraws anti-Jewish literature from sale" 4230: 4210: 4144: 4077: 4033:; said that "after sucking the blood of other nations," the Jews 3942: 3838:

responsible for World War I and were trying to destroy the papacy

3433: 3092:

The economic boycott waged against the small Jewish community in

3054: 3049:

The former Jewish school in Bloomfield Avenue, Portobello, Dublin

2874: 2792: 2780: 2407: 2373: 2242: 2036: 1025: 1020: 892: 783: 678: 674: 670: 419: 414: 391: 373: 248: 243: 233: 211: 186: 142: 110: 79: 7408: 4721:% of total Irish Jewish population living in Dublin (since 1891) 3068:

Jewish wedding at the Waterford Courthouse, early September 1901

3026:

were Welsh, whose families originally came from Central Europe.

7351: 4270: 4136: 4096: 4067: 4017: 3872: 3602: 3499:, in recognition of his consistent support for Ireland's Jews. 3437: 3199: 3074: 2843: 2067: 2062: 2022: 2007: 1118: 1010: 430: 396: 382: 317: 106: 83: 5264:

Reasons for naturalizing the Jews in Great Britain and Ireland

3760:

all Jews are pretty sure to be traitors if they get the chance

2934:

Reasons for Naturalizing the Jews in Great Britain and Ireland

5575:"Michael Collins hid from Black and Tans among Dublin's Jews" 5201:"Fairview-Marino.com » Fairview & Marino: history 1" 4857: 4198: 4092: 3988:

men, Jews and others, who...have chosen Satan for their head.

3522: 3508: 3462:

The Emergency (Ireland) § Irish victims of the Holocaust

3109: 1030: 459: 363: 332: 6625:"Addressing the Nazi skeleton in Ireland's closet - opinion" 6024:"Irish Rugby Union website – Player History Bethal Solomons" 5399:

Joyce's Revenge History, Politics, and Aesthetics in Ulysses

5079:(2nd ed.). University of California Press. p. 40. 4139:, the northern province of Ireland, most of which is now in 7025:

Irish questions and Jewish questions: crossovers in culture

7022: 4956:. Portraits of Life by the Liffey. Dublin: A&A Farnar. 3121: 3112:, but returned home to a welcoming throng. According to an 2920:

district of Dublin, where there was a small Jewish colony.

182: 5447:

Shalom Ireland: a Social History of Jews in Modern Ireland

3893:, shared publications on social media that suggested Jews 3726:

Fifty other rags like those which have nothing behind them

3525:

people with hate and anger towards the Jewish community".

3383:

of the 'Collegium Hiberniae Dominicanae', which had Irish

2854:

around Dublin may have had to leave English jurisdiction.

3746:

has got a grip on the lying "Press of Civilization" from

3740:

that year had expressed concern about a conspiracy where

2776: 6547:"Why did de Valera offer condolences after Hitler died?" 5978:"Dublin Kosher Deli a New Hub of Jewish Life in Ireland" 5172:"5618 and all that: The Jewish Cemetery Fairview Strand" 5072: 3768:

also published articles signed by 'The Home Secretary' (

3096:

in the first decade of the 20th century is known as the

6973:. Cork, Ireland: University of Cork Press. p. 95. 5100:

Duffy, Seán; Ailbhe MacShamhráin; James Moynes (2005).

3901:

and characterized Jewishness as a "tribal sociopathy".

3124:(then known as Queenstown). They intended to travel to 6384: 5725:– antisemitic speech to the Dáil by Oliver J. Flanagan 5528:

by Des Ryan, Old Limerick Journal Vol. 41, Winter 2005

5049:

Christian attitudes toward the Jews in the Middle Ages

4004:," and that this and other schemes were all part of a 3322: 7324:"MS-B21: Religion - full detail [notes 1, 2]" 7299:"Census 2022: Five things we learned about ourselves" 5486:

Jewish envoy says Limerick pogrom is 'over-portrayed'

4024:

that which most worries a Jew: the fear of reprisals.

4020:, McQuaid asserted the morality of using as a weapon 3784:

In 1904, a piece in the paper voiced support for the

3202:

Jewish politician, describes the Limerick episode as

3165:

The True Story of Anti-Semitic Persecutions in Russia

7074:. Cork, Ireland: Cork University Press. p. 28. 6940:. Cork, Ireland: Cork University Press. p. 92. 4876: 2046: 2027: 450: 5796: 5365:. University Press of Florida: James Joyce Series. 3554:and for Ireland earning 10 caps from 1907 to 1910. 2904:Ireland's first synagogue was founded in 1660 near 2786: 7272: 7270: 7268: 7266: 6158:"Why being Jewish in Ireland has become dangerous" 5076:Ulysses annotated: notes for James Joyce's Ulysses 5036:, author unknown, translated by Seán Mac Airt 1951 4130: 7600: 7194:. The Museum of the Jewish People. Archived from 6368:The Enigma of Arthur Griffith: 'Father of Us All' 5430:"Father John Creagh [Catholic-Hierarchy]" 3401:. On the other hand, Henning Thomsen, the German 3120:, where trans-Atlantic passenger ships docked at 3033:was established. The building was consecrated by 2717:History of the Irish language 7978: 7372:A Stroll through Jewish Dublin – The Irish Story 6435:"Arthur Griffith: More Zionist than Anti-Semite" 5872:The Irish Authority have extended every facility 4197:, a number of Jewish children escaping from the 4006:larger plot to bring the world under the control 7293: 7291: 7263: 7007:John Charles McQuaid: Ruler of Catholic Ireland 5797:McGreevy, Ronan; O'Brien, Bryan (1 June 2022). 5513:Limerick Boycott 1904: Anti-Semitism in Ireland 5220:Eighteenth-Century Ireland / Iris an Dá Chultúr 2807:], and they were sent back again oversea". 7254:Linfield, H.S. "Statistics of Jews – 1929" in 5644:Joseph Walshe: Irish foreign policy, 1922–1946 5323:"Everything about Jewish Community in Ireland" 5005:"Hiberno-Yiddish – The language of Irish Jews" 4253:; pioneer of modern dance in Northern Ireland 4135:In the 17th century, Jews reportedly lived in 3674:reported feelling threatened because of their 3363:The Irish state was officially neutral during 7586: 7392: 6370:. Ireland: Irish Academic Press. p. 36. 5526:Fr. Creagh C.S.S.R. Social Reformer 1870-1947 5510: 5226:. Eighteenth-Century Ireland Society: 37–48. 4012:." In May 1949, McQuaid wrote to Chief Rabbi 3713:In a series of editorials, Griffith attacked 3418:Minister for Justice, Equality and Law Reform 3346: 3254:was a prominent member of the IRA during the 2810:No further reference is found until the 1169 2752: 2498: 54: 7288: 7101: 7099: 6832:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( 5734: 5610: 5608: 5278:LONDON COMMITTEE OF DEPUTIES OF BRITISH JEWS 5267:. Printed for J Roberts, London. p. 77. 3190:, a position he held until 1922. He died in 2857:Jews certainly lived in Ireland long before 7415:Jews and Judaism in the Republic of Ireland 7216: 6585:"Ireland and the Nazis: a troubled history" 6128: 4517:Historical Northern Irish Jewish population 4169:synagogue, the Regent Street Congregation. 4107:The first minister of the congregation was 4102: 3848:", and were "very troublesome immigrants." 3794:not been boycotted because he is a Jew, but 3367:, known within the Republic of Ireland as " 3194:, New Zealand in 1947. Joe Briscoe, son of 742:History of the Jews in the Byzantine Empire 40: 7593: 7579: 7399: 7385: 7352:Official Website of Irish Jewish Community 7227: 7055:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher ( 6351:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher ( 5860:. KTAV Publishing House, Inc. p. 42. 5619:. Culture Northern Ireland. Archived from 4858:Theoretical history of the Jews in Ireland 3899:blamed Israel for the September 11 attacks 3355:, appointed in 1933, became an admirer of 3279: 2759: 2745: 2505: 2491: 72: 7220:The Jewish Encyclopedia: Apocrypha-Benash 7184: 7096: 5935:"Fun Facts About Jews in Ireland, Part I" 5605: 5127:Cookes Memoirs of Youghal written in 1749 5045: 5019:"Fun Facts About Jews in Ireland, Part I" 4930:Jews escaping from Nazi Europe to Britain 4213:from May 1938 until its closure in 1948. 2850:of Jews from England, Jews living in the 7124: 7122: 7120: 7118: 6401: 6279: 6006:"Why the Jews came to Ireland, and left" 5853: 5669:Irish Volunteers in the Second World War 5511:Keogh, Dermot; McCarthy, Andrew (2005). 5073:Gifford, Don; Robert J. Seidman (1989). 4257:; and jazz commentator Solly Lipschitz. 4171: 4053: 3183:, had a Jewish wife, Sophie Raffalovic. 3138: 3084:. The synagogue in Cork closed in 2016. 3063: 3044: 2945:William Stanhope, 1st Earl of Harrington 2936:. In 1746, a bill was introduced in the 2892: 2775:extends for more than a millennium. The 82:(dark green) in relation to the rest of 6394:was invoked but never defined (see the 5975: 5927: 5739:. Oxford University Press. p. 32. 5360: 4150:William Somerville, 1st Baron Athlumney 2888: 14: 7979: 7217:Singer, Isidore; Adler, Cyrus (1902). 7140: 7004: 6773: 6502: 6470:Irish Studies in International Affairs 6426: 6412:. Merrion Press. p. 409 (fn 62). 5969: 5716:Dáil Éireann – Volume 91 – 9 July 1943 5666: 5615:Lynagh, Catherine (25 November 2005). 5614: 5460: 5396: 5260: 4951: 4868:Assyria and Germany in Anglo-Israelism 4530: 4295: 3542: 3221: 2863:revoked the English Edict of Expulsion 2816:Richard de Clare, 2nd Earl of Pembroke 2791:The earliest reference to the Jews in 7574: 7380: 7162: 7115: 7069: 7018: 7016: 7000: 6998: 6968: 6935: 6931: 6929: 6927: 6900: 6898: 6463: 6432: 6407: 6365: 6318: 6275: 6273: 6271: 6244:Joyce and the Jews: culture and texts 6241: 6237: 6235: 6233: 6003: 5947: 5641: 5217: 4970: 3717:, accused the Dublin press of being " 3399:"routing the Jews out of the country" 7170:"Londonderry Synagogue, Londonderry" 6445:from the original on 9 February 2019 6004:Kehoe, Emmanual (18 February 2007). 4276: 3010:. Two years later he was elected as 2928:In December 1714, Irish philosopher 101:Regions with significant populations 7223:. Funk & Wagnalls. p. 653. 6389: 6129:Shtrauchler, Nissan (28 May 2024). 5941: 5457:, published by Gill & MacMillan 4916:for an account of Little Jerusalem. 4049: 4029:and all our children"; invoked the 3992:He then went on to assert that the 3891:The Left in the European Parliament 3518:The Protocols of the Elders of Zion 3323:Kindertransport to Northern Ireland 3303: 3087: 2958:is best known for the campaign for 55: 24: 7023:Aidan Beatty; Dan O'Brien (2018). 7013: 6995: 6924: 6895: 6268: 6230: 5427: 4525: 4290: 4282:Historical Irish Jewish population 4000:was "the deliberate work of a few 3132:, a son of this migration, became 3029:In 1892 a new headquarters of the 25: 8008: 7345: 7234:Belfast's Regent St. Congregation 7192:"The Jewish Community of Belfast" 6796: 5976:Hochman, Nancy (29 August 2023). 5948:Judah, Jacob (6 September 2023). 5906: 5515:. Mercier Press. pp. xv–xvi. 5351:1998. Retrieved 5 September 2006. 5305:"History: Irish Jewish Community" 5103:Medieval Ireland: an encyclopedia 4973:Jews in Twentieth-century Ireland 4237:Well known Belfast Jews include: 2916:. The cemetery is located in the 533:Historical population comparisons 7419: 7407: 7316: 7248: 7239: 7210: 6774:Hanley, Brian (11 August 2020). 6390:Cite error: The named reference 6366:Kenny, Colum (20 January 2020). 5599:"In Search of Ireland's Heroes" 5588:Ellen Cuffe (Countess of Desart) 4893: 4879: 4062:(dark green) in relation to the 3904: 3728:but the forty or fifty thousand 3286:Ellen Cuffe (Countess of Desart) 2787:Middle Ages through 16th century 2728: 2541: 1177:Democratic Republic of the Congo 1091:Historical population by country 7063: 6962: 6862: 6840: 6790: 6767: 6747: 6729: 6711: 6693: 6673: 6655: 6637: 6617: 6597: 6577: 6557: 6539: 6496: 6457: 6359: 6312: 6210: 6190: 6170: 6150: 6122: 6102: 6082: 6064: 6042: 6016: 5997: 5900: 5888: 5877: 5847: 5829: 5820: 5811: 5790: 5775: 5753: 5728: 5709: 5685: 5660: 5635: 5593: 5581: 5567: 5545: 5531: 5519: 5504: 5495: 5479: 5440: 5421: 5405: 5390: 5379: 5354: 5342: 5315: 5297: 5283: 5271: 5254: 5211: 5193: 4975:. Cork: Cork University Press. 4260: 4131:The Belfast Hebrew Congregation 3937:, professor of theology in the 3736:Other editorials in Griffith's 3665: 3559:Louis Buchalter (later Bookman) 3502: 3040: 2923: 7602:History of the Jews in Europe 7478:Irish people of Jewish descent 5203:. 30 July 2012. Archived from 5164: 5139: 5120: 5093: 5066: 5039: 5025: 5011: 4997: 4718: 4115:(1916–1919), who later become 3685: 2773:history of the Jews in Ireland 13: 1: 5646:. Mercier Press. p. 79. 5617:"Kindertransport to Millisle" 5538:In Search of Ireland's Heroes 5151:Dictionary of Irish Biography 4940: 4205:, reached and were housed in 3678:, while the President of the 3573:, he also played cricket for 3226:Two Irish Jews supported the 748:Christianity and Judaism 7148:"Lurgan Hebrew Congregation" 7009:. O'Brien Press. p. 72. 6850:. BBC News. 20 February 2020 6741:International Business Times 6280:Goldberg, Gerald Y. (1982). 4990: 4914:Little Jerusalem, Portobello 4074:The Jews of Northern Ireland 3188:Kimberley, Western Australia 7: 7992:Jews and Judaism in Ireland 5590:Oireachtas Members Database 5280:, Jewish Encyclopedia, 1906 5046:Frassetto, Michael (2006). 4872: 4082:Belfast Hebrew Congregation 3980:; in it, he denounced Jews 3810:also published articles by 3583:Irish National Cricket Team 3351:The Irish envoy to Berlin, 3143:Grave of an unknown Jew in 2932:issued a pamphlet entitled 2047: 2028: 1755:Latin America and Caribbean 451: 10: 8013: 7503:Dublin Hebrew Congregation 7236:from the JewishGen website 7172:. JCR-UK. 27 December 2011 7150:. JCR-UK. 28 December 2011 6784:Cambridge University Press 5492:, Saturday 6 November 2010 5339:Retrieved 5 December 2006. 5106:. CRC Press. p. 546. 5052:. CRC Press. p. 178. 4945: 4861: 4241:, crown prosecutor during 3706:" stance as editor of the 3575:Railway Union Cricket Club 3459: 3347:World War II and aftermath 3327:A committee organized the 3213:is appropriate. Historian 3031:Dublin Hebrew Congregation 2972:Baron Lionel de Rothschild 2942:Lord Lieutenant of Ireland 2898:Ballybough Jewish Cemetery 2826:owes 100 shillings for an 2812:Norman invasion of Ireland 2795:was in the year 1079. The 2360:Jewish political movements 2057:Conversion to Judaism 7926: 7888: 7608: 7546: 7530: 7491: 7461: 7428: 6797:Early, Ben Haugh, Ronan. 6242:Nadel, Ira Bruce (1989). 5955:Jewish Telegraphic Agency 5817:Keogh (1998) pp. 209–210. 4569: 4543:— 4499: 4308:— 3715:"the Jew traitor" Dreyfus 3658:in the 1990s, winning an 3626:Dublin Jewish Boxing Club 3470:had no difficulties with 3256:Irish War of Independence 3236:Irish War of Independence 2634:Great Britain and Ireland 2598:Timeline of Irish history 763:Hinduism and Judaism 153: 148: 141: 136: 121: 116: 105: 100: 95: 90: 71: 38: 7483:Ireland–Israel relations 7256:American Jewish Yearbook 7005:Cooney, John E. (1999). 6780:Irish Historical Studies 6505:Irish Historical Studies 6050:"Louis Collins Jacobson" 5884:Rabbi's restoration tale 5854:Kranzler, David (2004). 5841:21 November 2007 at the 5735:O'Halpin, Eunan (2008). 5033:The Annals of Inisfallen 4925:Ireland-Israel relations 4103:Belfast rabbinic lineage 4076:have lived primarily in 3792:the Jew in Limerick has 3611:Dublin Jewish Chess Club 589:Temple in Jerusalem 282:Bar and bat mitzvah 7997:Antisemitism in Ireland 6649:Business Post (Ireland) 5721:29 October 2013 at the 5472:29 October 2013 at the 5397:Gibson, Andrew (2002). 4920:Chief Rabbis of Ireland 4008:of the "Jew-controlled 3812:Oliver St. John Gogarty 3702:, who took a hardline " 3550:played rugby union for 3487:in County Westmeath by 3425:University College Cork 3280:Irish Free State Senate 3053:In the wake of Russian 2964:persecution of the Jews 2873:, was elected mayor of 551:Twelve Tribes of Israel 7651:Bosnia and Herzegovina 7520:Beth HaMedrash HaGadol 7070:Keogh, Dermot (1998). 6969:Keogh, Dermot (1998). 6936:Keogh, Dermot (1998). 6464:Keogh, Dermot (1989). 6392:Maye, Brian 1997, p368 6319:Keogh, Dermot (1998). 5771:Stephen Roth Institute 5692:Wherever Green is Worn 5667:Leeson, David (2002). 5642:Nolan, Aengus (2008). 5434:catholic-hierarchy.org 5361:Davison, Neil (2022). 4971:Keogh, Dermot (1998). 4952:Benson, Asher (2007). 4180: 4070: 4047: 4039: 4026: 3990: 3844:in various countries, 3804: 3797:because he is a usurer 3782: 3778:Freemason, and the Jew 3734: 3638:Trinity College Dublin 3615:Leinster Chess Leagues 3589:Louis Collins Jacobson 3493:Éamon de Valera Forest 3481: 3442: 3148: 3069: 3050: 2992: 2938:Irish House of Commons 2901: 41: 6433:Kenny, Colum (2016). 6223:World Jewish Congress 6163:Jewish News Syndicate 5671:. Four Courts Press. 5261:Toland, John (1714). 4188:Lord Mayor of Belfast 4175: 4123:, who became the 6th 4117:Chief Rabbi of Israel 4113:Yitzhak HaLevi Herzog 4057: 4043: 4035: 4022: 3985: 3846:published pornography 3830:George Noble Plunkett 3790: 3774: 3723: 3680:World Jewish Congress 3579:Leinster Cricket Club 3476: 3429: 3385:diplomatic protection 3228:Irish Republican Army 3142: 3067: 3048: 2976: 2974:and his family had, 2960:Catholic emancipation 2896: 2801:Toirdelbach Ua Briain 2712:Economic history 2707:British monarchs 1297:São Tomé and Príncipe 1292:Republic of the Congo 686:Second Temple Judaism 557:Kingdom of Judah 528:Modern historiography 149:Related ethnic groups 7987:Jewish Irish history 6910:The Jewish Chronicle 6408:McGee, Owen (2015). 6010:Sunday Business Post 5623:on 30 September 2007 5476:Issue 1, 2008, 46-47 5349:Lewis Wormser Harris 4581:% population Jewish 4221:Gustav Wilhelm Wolff 4148:was the daughter of 3974:Archbishop of Dublin 3966:John Charles McQuaid 3882:The Jewish Chronicle 3842:controlled the press 3770:Frank Hugh O'Donnell 3634:1953 Maccabiah Games 3630:1949 Maccabiah Games 3557:The Lithuanian born 3012:Lord Mayor of Dublin 2996:Lewis Wormser Harris 2948:organization of the 2889:17th to 19th century 2797:Annals of Inisfallen 2697:Gaelic monarchs 2610:Peoples and polities 2399:World Agudath Israel 1540:United Arab Emirates 627:Second Temple period 617:Babylonian captivity 42:Giúdaigh Éireannacha 7889:States with limited 7538:Irish Jewish Museum 7436:Republic of Ireland 7362:The Jews of Ireland 7110:Jewish Encyclopedia 6686:The Times of Israel 6570:Belfast News Letter 6030:on 22 November 2007 5765:4 June 2011 at the 5760:Republic of Ireland 5501:Keogh (1998), p. 26 5329:on 22 February 2010 5132:17 May 2008 at the 4723: 4583: 4518: 4283: 4125:President of Israel 4014:Immanuel Jakobovits 3982:on the grounds that 3939:Holy Ghost Fathers' 3867:was a "pawn of the 3836:", that Jews were " 3719:almost all Jew rags 3694:. Most notably was 3543:Irish Jews in sport 3222:War of Independence 3177:United Irish League 2914:Ballybough Cemetery 2820:Henry II of England 2650:Republic of Ireland 2621:Lordship of Ireland 692:Hellenistic Judaism 270:Land of Israel 229:Principles of faith 35: 7559:List of synagogues 7552:List of Irish Jews 6667:War History Online 6630:The Jerusalem Post 6517:10.1017/ihs.2020.5 6078:. 7 February 1992. 5401:. OUP. p. 52. 5291:"Jews and Ireland" 5232:10.3828/eci.1999.5 5007:. 15 January 2023. 4935:Lebor Gabála Érenn 4909:List of Irish Jews 4719: 4579: 4516: 4281: 4181: 4163:Moy, County Tyrone 4071: 3970:Primate of Ireland 3945:, Dublin, and the 3875:was "influencing" 3636:and, representing 3472:Operation Shamrock 3451:Wannsee Conference 3395:Oliver J. Flanagan 3179:and editor of the 3175:MP, leader of the 3157:All Ireland Review 3149: 3134:Lord Mayor of Cork 3070: 3051: 3000:Dublin Corporation 2902: 2900:gate lodge in 2020 2848:Edict of Expulsion 2735:Ireland portal 2626:Kingdom of Ireland 2253:Jewish Koine Greek 1795:Dominican Republic 1076:Judaism by country 755:Jews and Christmas 610:Assyrian captivity 32: 7974: 7973: 7568: 7567: 7034:978-0-8156-5426-1 6912:. 14 October 2021 6705:Irish Independent 6610:Belfast Telegraph 6419:978-1-78537-009-0 6323:. Cork, Ireland. 5746:978-0-19-925329-6 5737:Spying on Ireland 5653:978-1-85635-580-3 5428:Cheney, David M. 5417:978-0-521-63620-9 5372:978-0-8130-6955-5 5309:jewishireland.org 5113:978-0-415-94052-8 5086:978-0-520-06745-5 5059:978-0-415-97827-9 4982:978-1-85918-150-8 4864:British Israelism 4854: 4853: 4847: 4846: 4715: 4714: 4575: 4574: 4512: 4511: 4267:2016 Irish census 4265:According to the 4225:Harland and Wolff 4159:Roxborough Castle 4010:League of Nations 3978:Blackrock College 3918:Catholic Bulletin 3895:control the media 3877:British elections 3834:inferior morality 3624:There was also a 3533:kosher restaurant 3531:In March 2023, a 3489:Solomon Schonfeld 3403:chargé d'affaires 3262:. He was sent by 3244:Irish Republicans 3169:Freeman's Journal 2950:Board of Deputies 2769: 2768: 2632:United Kingdom of 2515: 2514: 2464: 2463: 2212: 2211: 1959:Reconstructionist 1903: 1902: 1055: 1054: 862: 861: 699:Jewish–Roman wars 647:Hasmonean dynasty 563:Kingdom of Israel 467: 466: 168: 167: 16:(Redirected from 8004: 7927:Dependencies and 7868:Northern Ireland 7609:Sovereign states 7595: 7588: 7581: 7572: 7571: 7560: 7553: 7495: 7465: 7453:Northern Ireland 7446:Limerick boycott 7423: 7416: 7411: 7401: 7394: 7387: 7378: 7377: 7339: 7338: 7336: 7334: 7320: 7314: 7313: 7311: 7309: 7295: 7286: 7285: 7274: 7261: 7252: 7246: 7243: 7237: 7231: 7225: 7224: 7214: 7208: 7207: 7205: 7203: 7188: 7182: 7181: 7179: 7177: 7166: 7160: 7159: 7157: 7155: 7144: 7138: 7137: 7126: 7113: 7103: 7094: 7093: 7067: 7061: 7060: 7054: 7046: 7027:. Syracuse, NY. 7020: 7011: 7010: 7002: 6993: 6992: 6966: 6960: 6959: 6933: 6922: 6921: 6919: 6917: 6902: 6893: 6892: 6890: 6888: 6874:belfasttelegraph 6866: 6860: 6859: 6857: 6855: 6844: 6838: 6837: 6831: 6823: 6821: 6819: 6794: 6788: 6787: 6771: 6765: 6764: 6751: 6745: 6744: 6733: 6727: 6726: 6715: 6709: 6708: 6697: 6691: 6690: 6677: 6671: 6670: 6659: 6653: 6652: 6641: 6635: 6634: 6621: 6615: 6614: 6601: 6595: 6594: 6581: 6575: 6574: 6561: 6555: 6554: 6543: 6537: 6536: 6500: 6494: 6493: 6461: 6455: 6454: 6452: 6450: 6430: 6424: 6423: 6405: 6399: 6393: 6388: 6382: 6381: 6363: 6357: 6356: 6350: 6342: 6316: 6310: 6309: 6277: 6266: 6265: 6239: 6228: 6227: 6214: 6208: 6207: 6194: 6188: 6187: 6174: 6168: 6167: 6154: 6148: 6147: 6145: 6143: 6126: 6120: 6119: 6106: 6100: 6099: 6086: 6080: 6079: 6068: 6062: 6061: 6056:. Archived from 6046: 6040: 6039: 6037: 6035: 6026:. Archived from 6020: 6014: 6013: 6001: 5995: 5994: 5992: 5990: 5973: 5967: 5966: 5964: 5962: 5945: 5939: 5938: 5931: 5925: 5924: 5922: 5920: 5911:. Archived from 5904: 5898: 5892: 5886: 5881: 5875: 5874: 5851: 5845: 5833: 5827: 5824: 5818: 5815: 5809: 5808: 5794: 5788: 5779: 5773: 5757: 5751: 5750: 5732: 5726: 5713: 5707: 5706:page 77 & 86 5689: 5683: 5682: 5664: 5658: 5657: 5639: 5633: 5632: 5630: 5628: 5612: 5603: 5601:Carmel McCaffrey 5597: 5591: 5585: 5579: 5578: 5571: 5565: 5564: 5562: 5560: 5549: 5543: 5541:Carmel McCaffrey 5535: 5529: 5523: 5517: 5516: 5508: 5502: 5499: 5493: 5483: 5477: 5464: 5458: 5444: 5438: 5437: 5425: 5419: 5409: 5403: 5402: 5394: 5388: 5387: 5383: 5377: 5376: 5358: 5352: 5346: 5340: 5338: 5336: 5334: 5325:. Archived from 5319: 5313: 5312: 5301: 5295: 5294: 5293:. 15 March 2015. 5287: 5281: 5275: 5269: 5268: 5258: 5252: 5251: 5215: 5209: 5208: 5207:on 30 July 2012. 5197: 5191: 5190: 5188: 5186: 5176: 5168: 5162: 5161: 5159: 5157: 5143: 5137: 5124: 5118: 5117: 5097: 5091: 5090: 5070: 5064: 5063: 5043: 5037: 5029: 5023: 5022: 5015: 5009: 5008: 5001: 4986: 4967: 4903: 4898: 4897: 4896: 4889: 4884: 4883: 4882: 4724: 4584: 4578: 4532: 4527: 4519: 4515: 4297: 4292: 4284: 4280: 4277: 4247:Harold Goldblatt 4141:Northern Ireland 4066:and the rest of 4060:Northern Ireland 4058:The location of 4050:Northern Ireland 3998:Great Depression 3871:", and that the 3786:Limerick boycott 3756:, and concluded 3721:"; and decried 3609:For a time, the 3495:in Israel, near 3444:Two Irish Jews, 3421:Michael McDowell 3304:Irish Government 3153:Standish O'Grady 3098:Limerick Boycott 3088:Limerick Boycott 3082:Northern Ireland 2956:Daniel O'Connell 2761: 2754: 2747: 2733: 2732: 2731: 2654:Northern Ireland 2645:Irish Free State 2545: 2535: 2517: 2516: 2507: 2500: 2493: 2356: 2355: 2237: 2058: 2052: 2033: 1997: 1996: 1944: 1891:New Zealand 1843: 1806:El Salvador 1796: 1728:Northern America 1720: 1314: 1070: 1069: 981:Crimean Karaites 877: 876: 855: 853: 774: 772: 764: 758: 749: 737:Rabbinic Judaism 718: 712: 706: 694: 682: 648: 641:Maccabean Revolt 618: 611: 605: 597: 590: 584: 576: 558: 482: 481: 456: 351: 350: 283: 271: 170: 169: 91:Total population 78:The location of 76: 66: 58: 57: 52: 44: 36: 31: 21: 8012: 8011: 8007: 8006: 8005: 8003: 8002: 8001: 7977: 7976: 7975: 7970: 7928: 7922: 7908:Northern Cyprus 7890: 7884: 7783:North Macedonia 7604: 7599: 7569: 7564: 7558: 7551: 7542: 7526: 7493: 7487: 7463: 7457: 7424: 7414: 7405: 7348: 7343: 7342: 7332: 7330: 7322: 7321: 7317: 7307: 7305: 7297: 7296: 7289: 7276: 7275: 7264: 7253: 7249: 7244: 7240: 7232: 7228: 7215: 7211: 7201: 7199: 7198:on 24 June 2018 7190: 7189: 7185: 7175: 7173: 7168: 7167: 7163: 7153: 7151: 7146: 7145: 7141: 7128: 7127: 7116: 7104: 7097: 7082: 7068: 7064: 7048: 7047: 7035: 7021: 7014: 7003: 6996: 6981: 6967: 6963: 6948: 6934: 6925: 6915: 6913: 6904: 6903: 6896: 6886: 6884: 6868: 6867: 6863: 6853: 6851: 6846: 6845: 6841: 6825: 6824: 6817: 6815: 6795: 6791: 6772: 6768: 6760:The Irish Times 6753: 6752: 6748: 6735: 6734: 6730: 6717: 6716: 6712: 6699: 6698: 6694: 6679: 6678: 6674: 6661: 6660: 6656: 6643: 6642: 6638: 6623: 6622: 6618: 6603: 6602: 6598: 6590:The Irish Times 6583: 6582: 6578: 6563: 6562: 6558: 6545: 6544: 6540: 6501: 6497: 6462: 6458: 6448: 6446: 6439:History Ireland 6431: 6427: 6420: 6410:Arthur Griffith 6406: 6402: 6391: 6385: 6378: 6364: 6360: 6344: 6343: 6331: 6317: 6313: 6278: 6269: 6254: 6240: 6231: 6216: 6215: 6211: 6196: 6195: 6191: 6183:The Irish Times 6176: 6175: 6171: 6156: 6155: 6151: 6141: 6139: 6127: 6123: 6108: 6107: 6103: 6088: 6087: 6083: 6070: 6069: 6065: 6060:on 24 May 2011. 6048: 6047: 6043: 6033: 6031: 6022: 6021: 6017: 6002: 5998: 5988: 5986: 5974: 5970: 5960: 5958: 5946: 5942: 5937:. 9 March 2021. 5933: 5932: 5928: 5918: 5916: 5915:on 21 July 2011 5905: 5901: 5893: 5889: 5882: 5878: 5868: 5852: 5848: 5843:Wayback Machine 5834: 5830: 5825: 5821: 5816: 5812: 5804:The Irish Times 5795: 5791: 5787:, 20 March 2004 5780: 5776: 5767:Wayback Machine 5758: 5754: 5747: 5733: 5729: 5723:Wayback Machine 5714: 5710: 5690: 5686: 5679: 5665: 5661: 5654: 5640: 5636: 5626: 5624: 5613: 5606: 5598: 5594: 5586: 5582: 5577:. 6 March 2022. 5573: 5572: 5568: 5558: 5556: 5555:. 16 March 2022 5551: 5550: 5546: 5536: 5532: 5524: 5520: 5509: 5505: 5500: 5496: 5490:Limerick Leader 5484: 5480: 5474:Wayback Machine 5467:Magill Magazine 5465: 5461: 5449:by Ray Rivlin, 5445: 5441: 5426: 5422: 5410: 5406: 5395: 5391: 5385: 5384: 5380: 5373: 5359: 5355: 5347: 5343: 5332: 5330: 5321: 5320: 5316: 5303: 5302: 5298: 5289: 5288: 5284: 5276: 5272: 5259: 5255: 5216: 5212: 5199: 5198: 5194: 5184: 5182: 5174: 5170: 5169: 5165: 5155: 5153: 5147:"Añes, William" 5145: 5144: 5140: 5134:Wayback Machine 5125: 5121: 5114: 5098: 5094: 5087: 5071: 5067: 5060: 5044: 5040: 5030: 5026: 5021:. 9 March 2021. 5017: 5016: 5012: 5003: 5002: 4998: 4993: 4983: 4964: 4948: 4943: 4899: 4894: 4892: 4885: 4880: 4878: 4875: 4870: 4862:Main articles: 4860: 4855: 4731: 4591: 4571: 4501: 4263: 4239:Ronald Appleton 4223:, a partner in 4203:Kindertransport 4133: 4109:Joseph Chotzner 4105: 4052: 3907: 3851:More recently, 3824:, a founder of 3822:Éamon de Valera 3808:United Irishman 3766:United Irishman 3738:United Irishman 3709:United Irishman 3704:anti-Dreyfusard 3696:Arthur Griffith 3688: 3668: 3652:Gaelic football 3548:Bethel Solomons 3545: 3505: 3468:Irish Red Cross 3464: 3446:Ettie Steinberg 3407:pastoral letter 3377:Hugh O'Flaherty 3349: 3329:Kindertransport 3325: 3317:Fifth Amendment 3310:Éamon de Valera 3306: 3282: 3264:Michael Collins 3260:Irish Civil War 3224: 3173:William O'Brien 3130:Gerald Goldberg 3104:priest, Father 3090: 3043: 3006:for South Dock 2998:was elected to 2926: 2910:Jewish cemetery 2891: 2859:Oliver Cromwell 2805:king of Munster 2789: 2765: 2729: 2727: 2722: 2721: 2667: 2659: 2658: 2636: 2633: 2611: 2603: 2602: 2553: 2533: 2526: 2511: 2466: 2465: 2353: 2343: 2342: 2333:Judeo-Malayalam 2313:Judaeo-Georgian 2233: 2224: 2214: 2213: 2114:Yiddish theatre 2056: 1994: 1984: 1983: 1942: 1915: 1905: 1904: 1841: 1794: 1718: 1312: 1096:Genetic studies 1067: 1057: 1056: 874: 864: 863: 851: 850: 770: 769: 762: 752: 747: 729:and Middle Ages 727:Rabbinic period 714: 708: 701: 689: 660: 646: 616: 609: 600: 592: 588: 579: 574:in Judaism 571: 556: 479: 469: 468: 348: 338: 337: 281: 269: 214: 155:Lithuanian Jews 127:Hiberno-Yiddish 125:; historically 86: 67: 60: 53: 46: 34: 30: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 8010: 8000: 7999: 7994: 7989: 7972: 7971: 7969: 7968: 7963: 7958: 7953: 7948: 7943: 7938: 7932: 7930: 7929:other entities 7924: 7923: 7921: 7920: 7915: 7910: 7905: 7900: 7894: 7892: 7886: 7885: 7883: 7882: 7881: 7880: 7875: 7870: 7865: 7858:United Kingdom 7855: 7850: 7845: 7840: 7835: 7830: 7825: 7820: 7815: 7810: 7805: 7800: 7795: 7790: 7785: 7780: 7775: 7770: 7765: 7760: 7755: 7750: 7745: 7740: 7735: 7730: 7725: 7723: 7718: 7713: 7708: 7703: 7698: 7693: 7688: 7683: 7678: 7673: 7671:Czech Republic 7668: 7663: 7658: 7653: 7648: 7643: 7638: 7633: 7628: 7623: 7618: 7612: 7610: 7606: 7605: 7598: 7597: 7590: 7583: 7575: 7566: 7565: 7563: 7562: 7555: 7547: 7544: 7543: 7541: 7540: 7534: 7532: 7528: 7527: 7525: 7524: 7523: 7522: 7517: 7506: 7505: 7499: 7497: 7489: 7488: 7486: 7485: 7480: 7475: 7469: 7467: 7459: 7458: 7456: 7455: 7450: 7449: 7448: 7443: 7432: 7430: 7426: 7425: 7404: 7403: 7396: 7389: 7381: 7375: 7374: 7369: 7359: 7354: 7347: 7346:External links 7344: 7341: 7340: 7315: 7287: 7262: 7247: 7238: 7226: 7209: 7183: 7161: 7139: 7114: 7095: 7080: 7062: 7033: 7012: 6994: 6979: 6961: 6946: 6923: 6894: 6861: 6839: 6789: 6766: 6746: 6728: 6710: 6692: 6672: 6654: 6636: 6616: 6596: 6576: 6556: 6538: 6511:(165): 57–74. 6495: 6456: 6425: 6418: 6400: 6383: 6376: 6358: 6329: 6311: 6267: 6252: 6229: 6209: 6189: 6169: 6149: 6121: 6101: 6081: 6063: 6054:Cricket Europe 6041: 6015: 5996: 5968: 5940: 5926: 5899: 5887: 5876: 5866: 5857:Holocaust Hero 5846: 5828: 5819: 5810: 5789: 5784:Irish Examiner 5774: 5752: 5745: 5727: 5708: 5696:Tim Pat Coogan 5684: 5677: 5659: 5652: 5634: 5604: 5592: 5580: 5566: 5544: 5530: 5518: 5503: 5494: 5478: 5459: 5439: 5420: 5404: 5389: 5378: 5371: 5353: 5341: 5314: 5296: 5282: 5270: 5253: 5210: 5192: 5179:jewishgen.org/ 5163: 5138: 5119: 5112: 5092: 5085: 5065: 5058: 5038: 5024: 5010: 4995: 4994: 4992: 4989: 4988: 4987: 4981: 4968: 4963:978-1906353001 4962: 4947: 4944: 4942: 4939: 4938: 4937: 4932: 4927: 4922: 4917: 4911: 4905: 4904: 4901:Ireland portal 4890: 4887:Judaism portal 4874: 4871: 4859: 4856: 4852: 4851: 4845: 4844: 4841: 4837: 4836: 4833: 4829: 4828: 4825: 4821: 4820: 4817: 4813: 4812: 4809: 4805: 4804: 4801: 4797: 4796: 4793: 4789: 4788: 4785: 4781: 4780: 4777: 4773: 4772: 4769: 4765: 4764: 4761: 4757: 4756: 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4177:Sir Otto Jaffe 4155:Queen Victoria 4132: 4129: 4104: 4101: 4064:United Kingdom 4051: 4048: 4041:and concluded 4002:Jew financiers 3962:Passion Sunday 3912:Irish Catholic 3906: 3903: 3758:"we know that 3744:Jew capitalist 3730:Jewish usurers 3687: 3684: 3670:In 2024, many 3667: 3664: 3660:All Star Award 3613:played in the 3599:Dublin Maccabi 3571:Belfast Celtic 3552:Wesley College 3544: 3541: 3504: 3501: 3353:Charles Bewley 3348: 3345: 3337:Czechoslovakia 3324: 3321: 3305: 3302: 3290:W. T. Cosgrave 3281: 3278: 3269:Menachem Begin 3252:Robert Briscoe 3230:(IRA) and the 3223: 3220: 3196:Robert Briscoe 3161:Michael Davitt 3089: 3086: 3042: 3039: 2966:". During the 2925: 2922: 2890: 2887: 2883:Francis Annyas 2871:William Annyas 2839:Peter de Rivel 2835:King Henry III 2788: 2785: 2767: 2766: 2764: 2763: 2756: 2749: 2741: 2738: 2737: 2724: 2723: 2720: 2719: 2714: 2709: 2704: 2699: 2694: 2689: 2684: 2679: 2674: 2668: 2665: 2664: 2661: 2660: 2657: 2656: 2647: 2642: 2640:Irish Republic 2637: 2630: 2628: 2623: 2618: 2616:Gaelic Ireland 2612: 2609: 2608: 2605: 2604: 2601: 2600: 2595: 2590: 2585: 2580: 2575: 2570: 2565: 2560: 2554: 2551: 2550: 2547: 2546: 2538: 2537: 2528: 2527: 2520: 2513: 2512: 2510: 2509: 2502: 2495: 2487: 2484: 2483: 2482: 2481: 2476: 2468: 2467: 2462: 2461: 2460: 2459: 2454: 2449: 2444: 2439: 2434: 2429: 2424: 2419: 2411: 2410: 2404: 2403: 2402: 2401: 2396: 2394:Territorialism 2391: 2386: 2381: 2376: 2371: 2363: 2362: 2354: 2349: 2348: 2345: 2344: 2341: 2340: 2335: 2330: 2325: 2320: 2315: 2310: 2305: 2300: 2295: 2290: 2285: 2280: 2278:Judaeo-Spanish 2275: 2273:Judaeo-Iranian 2270: 2265: 2260: 2255: 2250: 2245: 2240: 2239: 2238: 2225: 2220: 2219: 2216: 2215: 2210: 2209: 2208: 2207: 2202: 2197: 2189: 2188: 2182: 2181: 2180: 2179: 2174: 2169: 2164: 2159: 2154: 2149: 2144: 2136: 2135: 2129: 2128: 2127: 2126: 2121: 2116: 2111: 2103: 2102: 2096: 2095: 2094: 2093: 2088: 2080: 2079: 2073: 2072: 2071: 2070: 2065: 2060: 2053: 2044: 2039: 2034: 2025: 2020: 2015: 2010: 2002: 2001: 1995: 1990: 1989: 1986: 1985: 1982: 1981: 1976: 1971: 1966: 1961: 1956: 1951: 1946: 1939: 1938: 1937: 1932: 1927: 1916: 1911: 1910: 1907: 1906: 1901: 1900: 1899: 1898: 1893: 1888: 1883: 1878: 1870: 1869: 1863: 1862: 1861: 1860: 1855: 1850: 1845: 1838: 1833: 1828: 1823: 1818: 1813: 1808: 1803: 1798: 1791: 1786: 1781: 1776: 1771: 1766: 1758: 1757: 1751: 1750: 1749: 1748: 1743: 1738: 1730: 1729: 1725: 1724: 1723: 1722: 1719:United Kingdom 1715: 1710: 1705: 1700: 1695: 1690: 1685: 1680: 1675: 1670: 1665: 1660: 1655: 1650: 1645: 1640: 1635: 1630: 1625: 1620: 1615: 1610: 1605: 1600: 1595: 1590: 1585: 1580: 1575: 1567: 1566: 1560: 1559: 1558: 1557: 1552: 1547: 1542: 1537: 1532: 1527: 1522: 1517: 1512: 1507: 1502: 1497: 1492: 1487: 1482: 1477: 1472: 1467: 1462: 1457: 1452: 1447: 1442: 1437: 1432: 1427: 1422: 1417: 1412: 1407: 1402: 1397: 1392: 1387: 1382: 1377: 1372: 1367: 1359: 1358: 1354: 1353: 1352: 1351: 1346: 1341: 1331: 1326: 1321: 1316: 1309: 1304: 1299: 1294: 1289: 1279: 1274: 1269: 1264: 1259: 1254: 1249: 1244: 1239: 1234: 1229: 1224: 1219: 1214: 1209: 1204: 1199: 1194: 1189: 1184: 1179: 1174: 1169: 1164: 1159: 1154: 1152:Bilad-el-Sudan 1149: 1144: 1136: 1135: 1129: 1128: 1127: 1126: 1121: 1116: 1108: 1107: 1105:Land of Israel 1101: 1100: 1099: 1098: 1093: 1088: 1083: 1078: 1068: 1063: 1062: 1059: 1058: 1053: 1052: 1051: 1050: 1045: 1040: 1035: 1034: 1033: 1028: 1023: 1018: 1013: 1003: 998: 993: 988: 983: 978: 973: 965: 964: 963:Related groups 960: 959: 958: 957: 952: 947: 942: 937: 932: 927: 922: 917: 912: 907: 902: 897: 896: 895: 890: 875: 870: 869: 866: 865: 860: 859: 858: 857: 847: 842: 837: 832: 827: 822: 820:Jewish atheism 817: 812: 807: 799: 798: 794: 793: 792: 791: 786: 781: 776: 771:Islamic–Jewish 766: 759: 744: 739: 731: 730: 723: 722: 721: 720: 696: 683: 655: 650: 643: 638: 636:Yehud Medinata 630: 629: 623: 622: 621: 620: 613: 606: 598: 585: 577: 565: 560: 553: 545: 544: 542:Ancient Israel 538: 537: 536: 535: 530: 525: 520: 515: 510: 505: 500: 498:Land of Israel 495: 487: 486: 480: 475: 474: 471: 470: 465: 464: 463: 462: 457: 453:Shulchan Aruch 448: 443: 438: 433: 425: 424: 423: 422: 417: 409: 408: 402: 401: 400: 399: 394: 386: 385: 379: 378: 377: 376: 371: 366: 358: 357: 349: 344: 343: 340: 339: 336: 335: 330: 325: 320: 315: 310: 305: 300: 295: 290: 285: 278: 273: 266: 261: 256: 251: 246: 241: 231: 226: 219:God in Judaism 215: 210: 209: 206: 205: 204: 203: 198: 190: 189: 179: 178: 166: 165: 163:Sephardic Jews 159:Ashkenazi Jews 151: 150: 146: 145: 139: 138: 134: 133: 119: 118: 114: 113: 103: 102: 98: 97: 93: 92: 88: 87: 77: 69: 68: 39: 28: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 8009: 7998: 7995: 7993: 7990: 7988: 7985: 7984: 7982: 7967: 7964: 7962: 7959: 7957: 7954: 7952: 7949: 7947: 7944: 7942: 7941:Faroe Islands 7939: 7937: 7934: 7933: 7931: 7925: 7919: 7916: 7914: 7913:South Ossetia 7911: 7909: 7906: 7904: 7901: 7899: 7896: 7895: 7893: 7887: 7879: 7876: 7874: 7871: 7869: 7866: 7864: 7861: 7860: 7859: 7856: 7854: 7851: 7849: 7846: 7844: 7841: 7839: 7836: 7834: 7831: 7829: 7826: 7824: 7821: 7819: 7816: 7814: 7811: 7809: 7806: 7804: 7801: 7799: 7796: 7794: 7791: 7789: 7786: 7784: 7781: 7779: 7776: 7774: 7771: 7769: 7766: 7764: 7761: 7759: 7756: 7754: 7751: 7749: 7746: 7744: 7743:Liechtenstein 7741: 7739: 7736: 7734: 7731: 7729: 7726: 7724: 7722: 7719: 7717: 7714: 7712: 7709: 7707: 7704: 7702: 7699: 7697: 7694: 7692: 7689: 7687: 7684: 7682: 7679: 7677: 7674: 7672: 7669: 7667: 7664: 7662: 7659: 7657: 7654: 7652: 7649: 7647: 7644: 7642: 7639: 7637: 7634: 7632: 7629: 7627: 7624: 7622: 7619: 7617: 7614: 7613: 7611: 7607: 7603: 7596: 7591: 7589: 7584: 7582: 7577: 7576: 7573: 7561: 7556: 7554: 7549: 7548: 7545: 7539: 7536: 7535: 7533: 7529: 7521: 7518: 7516: 7515:Adelaide Road 7513: 7512: 7511: 7508: 7507: 7504: 7501: 7500: 7498: 7496: 7490: 7484: 7481: 7479: 7476: 7474: 7471: 7470: 7468: 7466: 7460: 7454: 7451: 7447: 7444: 7442: 7439: 7438: 7437: 7434: 7433: 7431: 7427: 7422: 7417: 7410: 7402: 7397: 7395: 7390: 7388: 7383: 7382: 7379: 7373: 7370: 7367: 7364:– article in 7363: 7360: 7358: 7355: 7353: 7350: 7349: 7329: 7325: 7319: 7304: 7300: 7294: 7292: 7283: 7279: 7273: 7271: 7269: 7267: 7260: 7257: 7251: 7242: 7235: 7230: 7222: 7221: 7213: 7197: 7193: 7187: 7171: 7165: 7149: 7143: 7135: 7134:jewishgen.org 7131: 7125: 7123: 7121: 7119: 7111: 7107: 7102: 7100: 7091: 7087: 7083: 7081:1-85918-149-X 7077: 7073: 7066: 7058: 7052: 7044: 7040: 7036: 7030: 7026: 7019: 7017: 7008: 7001: 6999: 6990: 6986: 6982: 6980:1-85918-149-X 6976: 6972: 6965: 6957: 6953: 6949: 6947:1-85918-149-X 6943: 6939: 6932: 6930: 6928: 6911: 6907: 6901: 6899: 6883: 6879: 6875: 6871: 6865: 6849: 6843: 6835: 6829: 6814: 6810: 6806: 6805: 6800: 6793: 6785: 6781: 6777: 6770: 6762: 6761: 6756: 6750: 6742: 6738: 6732: 6724: 6723:Irish Central 6720: 6714: 6706: 6702: 6696: 6688: 6687: 6682: 6676: 6668: 6664: 6658: 6650: 6646: 6640: 6632: 6631: 6626: 6620: 6612: 6611: 6606: 6600: 6592: 6591: 6586: 6580: 6572: 6571: 6566: 6560: 6552: 6548: 6542: 6534: 6530: 6526: 6522: 6518: 6514: 6510: 6506: 6499: 6491: 6487: 6483: 6479: 6475: 6471: 6467: 6460: 6444: 6440: 6436: 6429: 6421: 6415: 6411: 6404: 6397: 6387: 6379: 6377:9781785373145 6373: 6369: 6362: 6354: 6348: 6340: 6336: 6332: 6330:1-85918-149-X 6326: 6322: 6315: 6307: 6303: 6299: 6295: 6291: 6287: 6286:The Crane Bag 6283: 6276: 6274: 6272: 6263: 6259: 6255: 6253:0-333-38352-4 6249: 6245: 6238: 6236: 6234: 6225: 6224: 6219: 6213: 6205: 6204: 6199: 6193: 6185: 6184: 6179: 6173: 6165: 6164: 6159: 6153: 6138: 6137: 6132: 6125: 6117: 6116: 6111: 6105: 6097: 6096: 6091: 6085: 6077: 6073: 6072:"Gavin, Enon" 6067: 6059: 6055: 6051: 6045: 6029: 6025: 6019: 6011: 6007: 6000: 5985: 5984: 5979: 5972: 5957: 5956: 5951: 5944: 5936: 5930: 5914: 5910: 5907:Burke, John. 5903: 5897: 5891: 5885: 5880: 5873: 5869: 5867:0-88125-730-3 5863: 5859: 5858: 5850: 5844: 5840: 5837: 5832: 5823: 5814: 5806: 5805: 5800: 5793: 5786: 5785: 5778: 5772: 5768: 5764: 5761: 5756: 5748: 5742: 5738: 5731: 5724: 5720: 5717: 5712: 5705: 5704:0-09-995850-3 5701: 5697: 5693: 5688: 5680: 5678:1-85182-523-1 5674: 5670: 5663: 5655: 5649: 5645: 5638: 5622: 5618: 5611: 5609: 5602: 5596: 5589: 5584: 5576: 5570: 5554: 5548: 5542: 5539: 5534: 5527: 5522: 5514: 5507: 5498: 5491: 5487: 5482: 5475: 5471: 5468: 5463: 5456: 5455:0-7171-3634-5 5452: 5448: 5443: 5435: 5431: 5424: 5418: 5414: 5408: 5400: 5393: 5382: 5374: 5368: 5364: 5357: 5350: 5345: 5328: 5324: 5318: 5310: 5306: 5300: 5292: 5286: 5279: 5274: 5266: 5265: 5257: 5249: 5245: 5241: 5237: 5233: 5229: 5225: 5221: 5214: 5206: 5202: 5196: 5180: 5173: 5167: 5152: 5148: 5142: 5135: 5131: 5128: 5123: 5115: 5109: 5105: 5104: 5096: 5088: 5082: 5078: 5077: 5069: 5061: 5055: 5051: 5050: 5042: 5035: 5034: 5028: 5020: 5014: 5006: 5000: 4996: 4984: 4978: 4974: 4969: 4965: 4959: 4955: 4954:Jewish Dublin 4950: 4949: 4936: 4933: 4931: 4928: 4926: 4923: 4921: 4918: 4915: 4912: 4910: 4907: 4906: 4902: 4891: 4888: 4877: 4869: 4865: 4850: 4842: 4839: 4838: 4834: 4831: 4830: 4826: 4823: 4822: 4818: 4815: 4814: 4810: 4807: 4806: 4802: 4799: 4798: 4794: 4791: 4790: 4786: 4783: 4782: 4778: 4775: 4774: 4770: 4767: 4766: 4762: 4759: 4758: 4754: 4751: 4750: 4746: 4743: 4742: 4738: 4735: 4734: 4729: 4726: 4725: 4722: 4717: 4710: 4707: 4706: 4702: 4699: 4698: 4694: 4691: 4690: 4686: 4683: 4682: 4678: 4675: 4674: 4670: 4667: 4666: 4662: 4659: 4658: 4654: 4651: 4650: 4646: 4643: 4642: 4638: 4635: 4634: 4630: 4627: 4626: 4622: 4619: 4618: 4614: 4611: 4610: 4606: 4603: 4602: 4598: 4595: 4594: 4589: 4586: 4585: 4582: 4577: 4568: 4564: 4561: 4558: 4557: 4553: 4550: 4547: 4546: 4542: 4539: 4536: 4535: 4529: 4524: 4521: 4520: 4514: 4505: 4503: 4502: 4498: 4494: 4491: 4488: 4487: 4483: 4480: 4477: 4476: 4472: 4469: 4466: 4465: 4461: 4458: 4455: 4454: 4450: 4447: 4444: 4443: 4439: 4436: 4433: 4432: 4428: 4425: 4422: 4421: 4417: 4414: 4411: 4410: 4406: 4403: 4400: 4399: 4395: 4392: 4389: 4388: 4384: 4381: 4378: 4377: 4373: 4370: 4367: 4366: 4362: 4359: 4356: 4355: 4351: 4348: 4345: 4344: 4340: 4337: 4334: 4333: 4329: 4326: 4323: 4322: 4318: 4315: 4312: 4311: 4307: 4304: 4301: 4300: 4294: 4289: 4286: 4285: 4279: 4278: 4274: 4272: 4268: 4258: 4256: 4252: 4248: 4244: 4240: 4235: 4233: 4232: 4226: 4222: 4218: 4214: 4212: 4208: 4204: 4200: 4196: 4191: 4189: 4185: 4178: 4174: 4170: 4166: 4164: 4160: 4156: 4151: 4146: 4142: 4138: 4128: 4126: 4122: 4118: 4114: 4110: 4100: 4098: 4094: 4090: 4087: 4083: 4079: 4075: 4069: 4065: 4061: 4056: 4046: 4042: 4038: 4034: 4032: 4025: 4021: 4019: 4015: 4011: 4007: 4003: 3999: 3995: 3989: 3984: 3983: 3979: 3975: 3971: 3967: 3963: 3958: 3956: 3952: 3951:Edward Cahill 3948: 3944: 3940: 3936: 3932: 3928: 3924: 3920: 3919: 3914: 3913: 3905:In the Church 3902: 3900: 3896: 3892: 3888: 3887:Chris Andrews 3884: 3883: 3878: 3874: 3870: 3866: 3862: 3861:Kildare North 3858: 3854: 3849: 3847: 3843: 3839: 3835: 3831: 3827: 3823: 3820: 3815: 3813: 3809: 3803: 3801: 3798: 3795: 3789: 3787: 3781: 3779: 3773: 3771: 3767: 3763: 3761: 3755: 3753: 3749: 3745: 3739: 3733: 3731: 3727: 3722: 3720: 3716: 3712: 3710: 3705: 3701: 3698:, founder of 3697: 3693: 3683: 3681: 3677: 3673: 3663: 3661: 3657: 3653: 3649: 3645: 3643: 3639: 3635: 3631: 3627: 3622: 3620: 3616: 3612: 3607: 3604: 3600: 3596: 3594: 3593:Clontarf C.C. 3590: 3586: 3584: 3580: 3576: 3572: 3568: 3564: 3560: 3555: 3553: 3549: 3540: 3538: 3534: 3529: 3526: 3524: 3520: 3519: 3514: 3510: 3500: 3498: 3494: 3490: 3486: 3485:Clonyn Castle 3480: 3475: 3473: 3469: 3463: 3458: 3456: 3455:the Holocaust 3452: 3447: 3441: 3439: 3435: 3428: 3426: 3422: 3419: 3415: 3414:the Holocaust 3410: 3408: 3404: 3400: 3396: 3393: 3388: 3386: 3382: 3378: 3374: 3370: 3369:The Emergency 3366: 3361: 3358: 3354: 3344: 3342: 3338: 3334: 3330: 3320: 3318: 3313: 3311: 3301: 3299: 3298:Gaelic League 3295: 3291: 3287: 3277: 3274: 3270: 3265: 3261: 3257: 3253: 3249: 3245: 3241: 3237: 3233: 3229: 3219: 3216: 3212: 3207: 3205: 3201: 3197: 3193: 3189: 3184: 3182: 3178: 3174: 3170: 3166: 3162: 3158: 3155:in his paper 3154: 3146: 3141: 3137: 3135: 3131: 3127: 3123: 3119: 3115: 3111: 3107: 3103: 3099: 3095: 3094:Limerick City 3085: 3083: 3078: 3076: 3066: 3062: 3060: 3056: 3047: 3038: 3036: 3035:Hermann Adler 3032: 3027: 3025: 3019: 3017: 3013: 3009: 3005: 3001: 2997: 2991: 2989: 2985: 2981: 2975: 2973: 2969: 2965: 2961: 2957: 2953: 2951: 2946: 2943: 2939: 2935: 2931: 2921: 2919: 2915: 2911: 2907: 2906:Dublin Castle 2899: 2895: 2886: 2884: 2880: 2876: 2872: 2868: 2864: 2860: 2855: 2853: 2849: 2845: 2840: 2836: 2831: 2829: 2825: 2821: 2817: 2813: 2808: 2806: 2802: 2798: 2794: 2784: 2782: 2779:community in 2778: 2774: 2762: 2757: 2755: 2750: 2748: 2743: 2742: 2740: 2739: 2736: 2726: 2725: 2718: 2715: 2713: 2710: 2708: 2705: 2703: 2700: 2698: 2695: 2693: 2690: 2688: 2685: 2683: 2680: 2678: 2675: 2673: 2670: 2669: 2663: 2662: 2655: 2651: 2648: 2646: 2643: 2641: 2638: 2635: 2629: 2627: 2624: 2622: 2619: 2617: 2614: 2613: 2607: 2606: 2599: 2596: 2594: 2591: 2589: 2586: 2584: 2581: 2579: 2576: 2574: 2571: 2569: 2566: 2564: 2561: 2559: 2556: 2555: 2549: 2548: 2544: 2540: 2539: 2536: 2530: 2529: 2524: 2519: 2518: 2508: 2503: 2501: 2496: 2494: 2489: 2488: 2486: 2485: 2480: 2477: 2475: 2472: 2471: 2470: 2469: 2458: 2455: 2453: 2450: 2448: 2445: 2443: 2440: 2438: 2435: 2433: 2430: 2428: 2425: 2423: 2420: 2418: 2415: 2414: 2413: 2412: 2409: 2406: 2405: 2400: 2397: 2395: 2392: 2390: 2387: 2385: 2382: 2380: 2377: 2375: 2372: 2370: 2367: 2366: 2365: 2364: 2361: 2358: 2357: 2352: 2347: 2346: 2339: 2336: 2334: 2331: 2329: 2326: 2324: 2321: 2319: 2318:Judeo-Aramaic 2316: 2314: 2311: 2309: 2308:Judeo-Italian 2306: 2304: 2301: 2299: 2296: 2294: 2291: 2289: 2288:Ghardaïa Sign 2286: 2284: 2281: 2279: 2276: 2274: 2271: 2269: 2266: 2264: 2261: 2259: 2256: 2254: 2251: 2249: 2246: 2244: 2241: 2236: 2232: 2231: 2230: 2227: 2226: 2223: 2218: 2217: 2206: 2203: 2201: 2198: 2196: 2193: 2192: 2191: 2190: 2187: 2184: 2183: 2178: 2175: 2173: 2170: 2168: 2165: 2163: 2160: 2158: 2155: 2153: 2150: 2148: 2145: 2143: 2140: 2139: 2138: 2137: 2134: 2131: 2130: 2125: 2122: 2120: 2117: 2115: 2112: 2110: 2107: 2106: 2105: 2104: 2101: 2098: 2097: 2092: 2089: 2087: 2084: 2083: 2082: 2081: 2078: 2075: 2074: 2069: 2066: 2064: 2061: 2059: 2054: 2051: 2050: 2045: 2043: 2040: 2038: 2035: 2032: 2031: 2026: 2024: 2021: 2019: 2016: 2014: 2011: 2009: 2006: 2005: 2004: 2003: 1999: 1998: 1993: 1988: 1987: 1980: 1977: 1975: 1972: 1970: 1967: 1965: 1962: 1960: 1957: 1955: 1952: 1950: 1947: 1945: 1940: 1936: 1933: 1931: 1928: 1926: 1923: 1922: 1921: 1918: 1917: 1914: 1913:Denominations 1909: 1908: 1897: 1894: 1892: 1889: 1887: 1884: 1882: 1879: 1877: 1874: 1873: 1872: 1871: 1868: 1865: 1864: 1859: 1856: 1854: 1851: 1849: 1846: 1844: 1839: 1837: 1834: 1832: 1829: 1827: 1824: 1822: 1819: 1817: 1814: 1812: 1809: 1807: 1804: 1802: 1799: 1797: 1792: 1790: 1787: 1785: 1782: 1780: 1777: 1775: 1772: 1770: 1767: 1765: 1762: 1761: 1760: 1759: 1756: 1753: 1752: 1747: 1744: 1742: 1741:United States 1739: 1737: 1734: 1733: 1732: 1731: 1727: 1726: 1721: 1716: 1714: 1711: 1709: 1706: 1704: 1701: 1699: 1696: 1694: 1691: 1689: 1686: 1684: 1681: 1679: 1676: 1674: 1671: 1669: 1666: 1664: 1661: 1659: 1656: 1654: 1651: 1649: 1646: 1644: 1641: 1639: 1636: 1634: 1631: 1629: 1626: 1624: 1621: 1619: 1616: 1614: 1611: 1609: 1606: 1604: 1601: 1599: 1596: 1594: 1591: 1589: 1586: 1584: 1581: 1579: 1576: 1574: 1571: 1570: 1569: 1568: 1565: 1562: 1561: 1556: 1553: 1551: 1548: 1546: 1543: 1541: 1538: 1536: 1533: 1531: 1528: 1526: 1523: 1521: 1518: 1516: 1513: 1511: 1508: 1506: 1503: 1501: 1498: 1496: 1493: 1491: 1488: 1486: 1483: 1481: 1478: 1476: 1473: 1471: 1468: 1466: 1463: 1461: 1458: 1456: 1453: 1451: 1448: 1446: 1443: 1441: 1438: 1436: 1433: 1431: 1428: 1426: 1423: 1421: 1418: 1416: 1413: 1411: 1408: 1406: 1403: 1401: 1398: 1396: 1393: 1391: 1388: 1386: 1383: 1381: 1378: 1376: 1373: 1371: 1368: 1366: 1363: 1362: 1361: 1360: 1356: 1355: 1350: 1347: 1345: 1342: 1339: 1335: 1332: 1330: 1327: 1325: 1322: 1320: 1317: 1315: 1310: 1308: 1305: 1303: 1300: 1298: 1295: 1293: 1290: 1287: 1283: 1280: 1278: 1275: 1273: 1270: 1268: 1265: 1263: 1260: 1258: 1255: 1253: 1250: 1248: 1245: 1243: 1240: 1238: 1235: 1233: 1230: 1228: 1227:Guinea-Bissau 1225: 1223: 1220: 1218: 1215: 1213: 1210: 1208: 1205: 1203: 1200: 1198: 1195: 1193: 1190: 1188: 1185: 1183: 1180: 1178: 1175: 1173: 1170: 1168: 1165: 1163: 1160: 1158: 1155: 1153: 1150: 1148: 1145: 1143: 1140: 1139: 1138: 1137: 1134: 1131: 1130: 1125: 1122: 1120: 1117: 1115: 1112: 1111: 1110: 1109: 1106: 1103: 1102: 1097: 1094: 1092: 1089: 1087: 1084: 1082: 1081:Lists of Jews 1079: 1077: 1074: 1073: 1072: 1071: 1066: 1061: 1060: 1049: 1046: 1044: 1041: 1039: 1036: 1032: 1029: 1027: 1024: 1022: 1019: 1017: 1014: 1012: 1009: 1008: 1007: 1004: 1002: 999: 997: 994: 992: 989: 987: 984: 982: 979: 977: 974: 972: 969: 968: 967: 966: 962: 961: 956: 953: 951: 948: 946: 943: 941: 938: 936: 933: 931: 928: 926: 923: 921: 918: 916: 913: 911: 908: 906: 903: 901: 898: 894: 891: 889: 886: 885: 884: 881: 880: 879: 878: 873: 868: 867: 856: 848: 846: 843: 841: 840:The Holocaust 838: 836: 833: 831: 828: 826: 823: 821: 818: 816: 813: 811: 808: 806: 803: 802: 801: 800: 796: 795: 790: 787: 785: 782: 780: 777: 775: 767: 765: 760: 756: 750: 745: 743: 740: 738: 735: 734: 733: 732: 728: 725: 724: 717: 711: 705: 700: 697: 693: 687: 684: 680: 676: 672: 668: 664: 659: 656: 654: 651: 649: 644: 642: 639: 637: 634: 633: 632: 631: 628: 625: 624: 619: 614: 612: 607: 603: 599: 596: 591: 586: 582: 578: 575: 569: 566: 564: 561: 559: 554: 552: 549: 548: 547: 546: 543: 540: 539: 534: 531: 529: 526: 524: 521: 519: 516: 514: 511: 509: 506: 504: 501: 499: 496: 494: 491: 490: 489: 488: 484: 483: 478: 473: 472: 461: 458: 455: 454: 449: 447: 444: 442: 441:Mishneh Torah 439: 437: 434: 432: 429: 428: 427: 426: 421: 418: 416: 413: 412: 411: 410: 407: 404: 403: 398: 395: 393: 390: 389: 388: 387: 384: 381: 380: 375: 372: 370: 367: 365: 362: 361: 360: 359: 356: 353: 352: 347: 342: 341: 334: 331: 329: 326: 324: 321: 319: 316: 314: 311: 309: 306: 304: 301: 299: 296: 294: 291: 289: 286: 284: 279: 277: 274: 272: 267: 265: 262: 260: 257: 255: 252: 250: 247: 245: 242: 239: 235: 232: 230: 227: 224: 220: 217: 216: 213: 208: 207: 202: 201:Who is a Jew? 199: 197: 194: 193: 192: 191: 188: 184: 181: 180: 176: 172: 171: 164: 160: 156: 152: 147: 144: 140: 135: 132: 128: 124: 120: 115: 112: 108: 104: 99: 94: 89: 85: 81: 75: 70: 64: 56:יהודים איריים 50: 43: 37: 27: 19: 7918:Transnistria 7519: 7514: 7509: 7418: 7412: 7365: 7331:. Retrieved 7327: 7318: 7306:. Retrieved 7302: 7281: 7255: 7250: 7241: 7229: 7219: 7212: 7200:. Retrieved 7196:the original 7186: 7174:. Retrieved 7164: 7152:. Retrieved 7142: 7133: 7112:, 1901–1906. 7071: 7065: 7024: 7006: 6970: 6964: 6937: 6914:. Retrieved 6909: 6885:. Retrieved 6873: 6864: 6852:. Retrieved 6842: 6816:. Retrieved 6802: 6792: 6779: 6769: 6758: 6749: 6740: 6731: 6722: 6713: 6704: 6695: 6684: 6675: 6666: 6657: 6648: 6639: 6628: 6619: 6608: 6599: 6588: 6579: 6568: 6559: 6550: 6541: 6508: 6504: 6498: 6476:(1): 69–92. 6473: 6469: 6459: 6447:. Retrieved 6438: 6428: 6409: 6403: 6386: 6367: 6361: 6320: 6314: 6289: 6285: 6243: 6221: 6212: 6201: 6192: 6181: 6172: 6161: 6152: 6140:. Retrieved 6136:Israel Hayom 6134: 6124: 6113: 6104: 6093: 6084: 6075: 6066: 6058:the original 6053: 6044: 6032:. Retrieved 6028:the original 6018: 6009: 5999: 5987:. Retrieved 5981: 5971: 5959:. Retrieved 5953: 5943: 5929: 5917:. 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History of the Jews in Ireland

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