855:. The DMZ follows the effective boundaries as of the end of the Korean War in 1953. Similarly to the Frontier Closed Area in Hong Kong, this zone and the defence apparatus that exists on both sides of the border serve to curtail unauthorised passage between the two sides. In South Korea, there is an additional fenced-off area between the Civilian Control Line (CCL) and the start of the Demilitarised Zone. The CCL is a line that designates an additional buffer zone to the Demilitarised Zone within a distance of 5 to 20 kilometres from the Southern Limit Line of the Demilitarised Zone. Its purpose is to limit and control the entrance of civilians into the area to protect and maintain the security of military facilities and operations near the Demilitarised Zone. The commander of the
494:, and various other western commercial institutions sprang up in the concessions. In the case of Japan, its own traditions and language naturally flourished. Some of these concessions eventually had more advanced architecture of each originating culture than most cities back in the countries of the foreign powers origin. Chinese were originally forbidden from most of the concessions, but to improve commercial activity and services, by the 1860s most concessions permitted Chinese, but treated them like second-class citizens as they were not citizens of the foreign state administering the concession. They eventually became the majority of the residents inside the concessions. Non-Chinese in the concessions were generally subject to
1844:
1820:
482:, significant portions of Chinese territory, primarily along the coast, were surrendered as concessions to occupying powers including many European powers as well as Japan and the United States. Each concession had its own police force, and different legal jurisdictions with their own separate laws. Thus, an activity might be legal in one concession but illegal in another. Many of the concessions also maintained their own military garrison and standing army. Military and police forces of the Chinese government were sometimes present. Some police forces allowed Chinese, others did not. In these concessions, the citizens of each foreign power were given the right to freely inhabit, trade,
1801:
1832:
1541:, Antarctica is administered as an international zone. The treaty forbids military activity in Antarctica, such as "the establishment of military bases and fortifications, the carrying out of military maneuvers, as well as the testing of any type of weapon", although it does provide for the "use of military personnel or equipment for scientific research or for any other peaceful purpose". The treaty establishes the continent as a preserve for scientific research, suspends all territorial claims over the continent, and permits all states to establish research stations on the continent.
25:
1860:
1789:
860:
accompany tourist busses and cars travelling north of the CCL as armed guards to monitor the civilians as well as to protect them from North Korean intruders. Most of the tourist and media photos of the "Demilitarised Zone fence" are actually photos of the CCL fence. The actual
Demilitarised Zone fence on the Southern Limit Line is completely off-limits to everybody except soldiers and it is illegal to take pictures of the Demilitarised Zone fence.
695:. Some countries, however, require transit passengers of certain nationalities to hold a direct airside transit visa even when they would not need to pass through border controls. To exempt passengers transiting between international flights from clearing border controls, most international airports outside North America feature a sterile zone which only authorized employees and processed passengers with a valid ticket are allowed to enter.
816:
687:
airports, while they also exist at certain seaports and land crossings. Despite their usual exemption from local immigration and customs laws, international zones at ports of entry are fully under the jurisdiction of the country where they are located and local laws apply. Persons caught committing an unlawful act (e.g. possession of contraband such as illegal drugs) in the international zone are liable for prosecution.
1224:
2352:
Presumably confident, Mr. Wilson left
Tripoli several days ago on his way to the Dominican Republic, with brief stops in Switzerland and Madrid. Law-enforcement officials said that Mr. Wilson, traveling under an assumed name on the Irish passport, never left the international zone of the two European
2333:
After his arrival in the early evening, he met with Mr. Keiser, a lawyer from Geneva and several other associates, never leaving the international zone of the Zurich airport. Swiss
Officials Alerted. The Swiss authorities, alerted about his travel plans by American authorities, did not interfere with
1544:
Antarctica currently has no permanent population and therefore it has no citizenship nor government. Personnel present on
Antarctica at any time are almost always citizens or nationals of some sovereignty outside Antarctica, as there is no Antarctic sovereignty. Consequently, individuals who commit
319:
are administered as international concessions by the United
Nations, while still subject to most local and national laws. As the United Nations requires delegates from all member states to be permitted to attend meetings at its headquarters, host countries maintain special visa arrangements such as
775:
because neither side is allowed to control it, even for non-combat administration. Some zones remain demilitarised after an agreement has awarded control to a state which (under the DMZ terms) had originally ceded its right to maintain military forces in the disputed territory. It is also possible
698:
Two major exceptions are the United States and Canada, where airports typically have no international transit zones. All passengers arriving on international flights are subject to customs and immigration inspections. Nationals of countries other than the United States and Canada at a U.S. airport
3530:
to the Yellow Sea, which was completed in 2012. Seoul was effectively landlocked from the ocean until 2012. The biggest limitation of the Ara Canal is it is too narrow to handle any vessels except small tourist boats and recreational boats, so Seoul still cannot receive large commercial ships or
1565:
expressly forbids states from claiming celestial bodies such as the Moon or a planet as their own territory, whether by declaration, occupation, or "any other means". However, the state that launches a space object, such as a satellite or space station, retains jurisdiction and control over that
719:
sell products tax-free to customers who have cleared exit border controls prior to boarding and, in some places, to passengers arriving from overseas. Most countries impose limits on how much of each type of duty-free goods, may be purchased by each passenger. The airport with the most duty-free
664:
on the island of Cyprus are a distinct category of concession ceded by a host state solely for military purposes. The jurisdictional authority ceded to the administering military force varies from base to base depending on the agreement concluded by the host and administering state. For example,
1549:
enforce the consensus decisions of the consultative parties: about which activities are acceptable, which areas require permits to enter, what processes of environmental impact assessment must precede activities, and so on. The
Antarctic Treaty is often considered to represent an example of the
1548:
Governments that are party to the
Antarctic Treaty and its Protocol on Environmental Protection implement the articles of these agreements, and decisions taken under them, through national laws. These laws generally apply only to their own citizens, wherever they are in Antarctica, and serve to
3553:
The treaty neither affirms nor rejects territorial claims previously asserted by parties but provides that no new territorial claims shall be asserted while it is in force and provides for the continent to by administered as an international zone during that time. The majority of
Antarctica is
686:
is the area where arriving international passengers have not formally entered the country by clearing arrival customs and immigration controls, and departing passengers have formally exited the country by clearing exit immigration control. Sterile zones are most commonly found in international
1926:
1587:
programmes and use of the station. Furthermore, each participating state exercises criminal jurisdiction over its personnel on the station except where the victim of a crime is a national of another participating state and the perpetrator's state of nationality does not prosecute the offence.
1586:
is governed by an international framework established by the
Agreement Concerning Cooperation on the Civil International Space Station. Under the agreement, each state is responsible for any liability associated with the components it contributes to the station and for the management of their
891:. On 30 January 2019, North Korean and South Korean military officials signed a landmark agreement that would open the Han River Estuary to civilian vessels for the first time since the Armistice Agreement in 1953. The agreement was scheduled to take place in April 2019 but the failure of the
198:
to the border control policies of the state in which it is located. There are several types of international zones ranging from special economic zones and sterile zones at ports of entry exempt from customs rules to concessions over which administration is ceded to one or more foreign states.
859:
ordered the creation of the CCL and it was activated and first became effective in
February 1954. The buffer zone that falls south of the Southern Limit Line is called the Civilian Control Zone. Barbed wire fences and manned military guard posts mark the CCLe. South Korean soldiers typically
1843:
669:
in Syria is leased to the Russian government for a period of 49 years and the Russian government exercises extraterritorial jurisdiction over the air base and its personnel while the British government administers Akrotiri and Dhekelia (designated as "sovereign base areas" under the treaty
3615:"AGREEMENT AMONG THE GOVERNMENT OF CANADA, GOVERNMENTS OF MEMBER STATES OF THE EUROPEAN SPACE AGENCY, THE GOVERNMENT OF JAPAN, THE GOVERNMENT OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION, AND THE GOVERNMENT OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA CONCERNING COOPERATION ON THE CIVIL INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION"
738:(Switzerland), contains a binational sterile zone including a customs road allowing passengers travelling to and from Switzerland to access the airport without passing through French customs control. The airport has been jointly operated by the two countries since a 1946 treaty.
3225:…formålet med anneksjonen var å legge under seg det landet som til nå ligger herreløst og som ingen andre enn nordmenn har kartlagt og gransket. Norske myndigheter har derfor ikke motsatt seg at noen tolker det norske kravet slik at det går helt opp til og inkluderer polpunktet.
272:
of the archipelago. The signatories were given equal rights to engage in commercial activities (mainly coal mining) on the islands. As of 2012, Norway and Russia are making use of this right. Similarly, simplified visa policies are in force for Iran's special economic zones of
1258:(about 1.2 km) long, more than two cannon shots' distance between the British and Spanish guns, was called "the neutral ground" and shown as such on older maps. In 1908, the British built a fence in a portion claimed to be the British half of the neutral territory. Spain
2286:Соглашение между Российской Федерацией и Сирийской Арабской Республикой о размещении авиационной группы Вооруженных Сил Российской Федерации на территории Сирийской Арабской Республики (с изменениями на 18 января 2017 года), Международное соглашение от 26 августа 2015 года
2164:
In the context of Commodore Perry's "opening" of Japan in 1853, American naval expedition planners incorporated reference material written by men whose published accounts of Japan were based on first-hand experience. J. W. Spaulding brought with him books by Japanologists
2530:
525:. In major cities like Shanghai and Tianjin, due to the existence of numerous jurisdictions, criminals could commit a crime in one jurisdiction and then easily escape to another. This became a major problem during the Republican period, with the rise of post–Imperial
3562:
is the only major land on Earth not claimed by any country. Until 2015 the interior of the Norwegian Sector, the extent of which had never been officially defined, was considered to be unclaimed. That year, Norway formally laid claim to the area between its
933:
of May 1933 was concluded between China and Japan, establishing a demilitarised zone between Manchukuo and China. In 1937 Japan violated this truce with an invasion of the remainder of China. In 1945, after the fall of the Japanese empire at the end of the
1138:
can place in the Sinai Peninsula. Parts of the peninsula are demilitarised to various degrees, especially within 20–40 kilometres of Israel. Israel also agreed to limit its forces within 3 kilometres of the Egyptian border. The areas are monitored by the
2520:"The Site is published by Basel–Mulhouse Airport, a Franco-Swiss public enterprise governed by the international convention of 4 July 1949 concerning its construction and operation and the headquarters of which are situated at 68730 Blotzheim, France".
1570:
to peaceful purposes and prohibits their use for testing weapons of any kind, conducting military manoeuvres, or establishing military bases, installations, and fortifications (Article IV). However, the treaty does not prohibit the placement of
1579:, are still potentially allowable. Furthermore, the treaty explicitly allows the use of military personnel and resources to support peaceful uses of space, mirroring the Antarctic Treaty's position on military deployment in that continent.
1800:
1545:
crimes in Antarctica are typically subject to the jurisdiction of their country of nationality, the victim's country of nationality (if applicable), or the country administering the base in or expedition during which the crime occurred.
2534:
2371:
In Washington, on July 25, Mr. Thompson and three former Green Berets were given travel documents, $ 1,000 in cash, airplane tickets to Zurich via New York, and a description of a man who would meet them at the Zurich airport.
776:
for powers to agree on the demilitarisation of a zone without formally settling their respective territorial claims, enabling the dispute to be resolved by peaceful means such as diplomatic dialogue or an international court.
3365:
1262:
British sovereignty over the isthmus (including the border), asserting it is Spanish soil. Although both the United Kingdom and Spain used to be part of the European Union (before the United Kingdom's exit), the border was a
707:
for eligible travellers. Meanwhile, transiting at a Canadian airport for nationals of countries other than Canada or the United States generally requires a visa or Electronic Travel Authorization (eTA) except for individuals
2154:
Ken Vos – The article "Dejima als venster en doorgeefluik" in the catalogue (Brussels, 5 October 1989 – 16 December 1989) of the exhibition Europalia 1989 : "Oranda : De Nederlanden in Japan (1600–1868)"
690:
Within international airports, transit passengers can usually take connecting international flights in the international zone without clearing customs and immigration controls, and in most cases do not require a
588:. These had jurisdiction over the concession areas, which formally remained under Qing sovereignty. Initially, Chinese people who committed crimes in, say, the British zone, were remanded to Chinese authorities.
447:, it was Japan's only point of interaction with the outside world. Border controls limited passage of foreign merchants from Dejima to Nagasaki and of Japanese from Nagasaki to Dejima. Similarly, the island of
3236:
Jennifer Frakes, The Common Heritage of Mankind Principle and the Deep Seabed, Outer Space, and Antarctica: Will Developed and Developing Nations Reach a Compromise? Wisconsin International Law Journal. 2003;
556:
in 1917, and the Germans were expelled in 1914. The three main treaty powers, the British, the Americans, and the French continued to hold their concessions and extraterritorial jurisdictions until the
1091:
3576:
West Berliners could transfer between the S-Bahn, U-Bahn and long-distance trains to the West without passing through East German border control. The station featured an East German government-run
221:
A special economic zone (SEZ) is an area in which the business and trade laws are different from the rest of the jurisdiction within which it is located. SEZs are generally established to increase
1831:
756:
A demilitarised zone is an area in which treaties or agreements between nations, military powers or contending groups forbid military installations, activities or personnel. They often lie along
351:
of five judges, respectively appointed by the Belgian, British, Spanish, French, and Italian governments. As a result of the creation of the Mixed Court, the various European powers withdrew the
340:
3000:
1424:
and Turkish forces. The DMZ collapsed in October 2019, after Turkey dismissed the agreement and the United States ordered a withdrawal of US forces from northern Syria, allowing the
347:
consisting of the Consuls of Belgium, France, Britain, Italy, the Netherlands, Portugal, and Spain. Executive power was vested in an Administrator, and judicial power resided in a
233:
will typically allow for goods manufactured for export to be exempt from excise tax and for capital goods and raw materials to be exempt from customs duties upon import, while a
3247:
Frakes, Jennifer (2003). "The Common Heritage of Mankind Principle and the Deep Seabed, Outer Space, and Antarctica: Will Developed and Developing Nations Reach a Compromise?".
2764:
1788:
2606:
3123:
1753:
1819:
1259:
1072:. Perimeter fences around both cities have been constructed by Spanish and Moroccan authorities, creating a demilitarised zone between the Spanish and Moroccan fences.
573:
in 1943. The international communities that were residues of the treaty port era ended in the late 1940s when the communists took over and nearly all foreigners left.
1853:, showing its two administrative zones, one of which was later absorbed by each of its two neighbours (Slovenia and Croatia were both part of Yugoslavia at the time).
561:. This ended when the Japanese stormed into their concessions in late 1941. They formally relinquished their treaty rights in a new "equal treaties" agreement with
2141:
1623:, Poland) and nearly 200 surrounding towns and villages that had a predominantly German population. It was created on 15 November 1920 in accordance with the 1919
2956:
2103:"Final Declaration of the International Conference in Tangier and annexed Protocol. Signed at Tangier, on 29 October 1956 [1957] UNTSer 130; 263 UNTS 165"
614:
were originally established as concessions administered by the foreign powers who funded their construction. Between 1859 and 1956, the British and French owned
552:. The system effectively ended when Japan took control of most of the ports in the late 1930s, The Russians relinquished their treaty rights in the wake of the
576:
Within the concessions in China, the occupying foreign powers administered distinct legal systems. The two main courts judging extraterritorial cases were the
344:
2992:
3501:, states that the tomb "shall remain, with its appurtenances, the property of Turkey, who may appoint guardians for it and may hoist the Turkish flag there".
709:
2823:
1859:
1147:
all sides agreed and encouraged Egypt to send large amounts of military forces into the area, including tanks and helicopters, to fight Islamist groups.
3522:(West Sea) via the Han River. However, both Koreas and the UNC failed to make this happen. The South Korean government ordered the construction of the
1485:
1399:
835:
As a result of the partition of the Korean peninsula by the United States and the Soviet Union after World War II, and exacerbated by the subsequent
294:
1164:
990:
Demilitarised zones are common in Europe and the Middle East, especially in areas with territorial disputes in the aftermath of military conflicts.
324:
which enables otherwise inadmissible foreign officials to enter the United States, provided they remain within the vicinity of the UN headquarters.
2485:
1566:
object; by extension, a state is also liable for damages caused by its space object. Additionally, the treaty limits the use of the Moon and other
529:
and the collapse of central authority in the 1920s and the 1930s. Crime often flourished, especially organised crime by different warlord groups.
3071:
3056:
1561:
Outer space is generally regarded as an international zone insofar as it falls outside the national jurisdiction of any state. Article II of the
1512:
1460: – A 15 km demilitarised zone, created by agreement between Russian and Turkish government, splitting the last major stronghold of the
1425:
177:
2441:
548:
prior to its annexation of the Korean peninsula. The treaty port system in China lasted approximately one hundred years beginning with the 1841
3208:
1267:
international frontier with customs and immigration checks; Spain does not formally recognise it as a "frontier", referring to it as a "fence".
1204:
1200:
1176:
1117:
647:
397:
established the area surrounding the tomb as a Turkish concession. The tomb was moved in 1973 as the site was to be flooded by the creation of
2499:
1327:. The zone was partitioned in 1981 but the treaty was not filed with the United Nations. The zone was finally officially abolished during the
2460:
268:
but subjects it to certain stipulations and consequently not all Norwegian law applies, including border controls. The treaty regulates the
1684:
1184:
1013:
3614:
2579:
405:. The Syrian government denounced the move as incompatible with the 1921 treaty; Turkey plans to move the tomb back to the second site.
1197:
704:
2768:
2633:
724:
with US$ 1.85 billion in 2016. Dubai International Airport is second, recording transactions worth $ 1.82 billion in 2016.
2849:
237:
will typically exempt a designated area from all or most customs regulations. The most extreme category of SEZ is a freeport (e.g.
3284:
871:
are allowed within this neutral zone. In recent years, Chinese fishing vessels have taken advantage of the tense situation in the
2874:
2610:
1190:
3554:
claimed by one or more countries, but most countries do not explicitly recognise those claims. The area on the mainland between
3133:
2192:
William C. Johnstone, "International Relations: The Status of Foreign Concessions and Settlements in the Treaty Ports of China"
2722:
1520:
1457:
339:, the government and administration of the zone was in the hands of a number of foreign powers. The Zone had its own appointed
783:
because their land is unsafe for construction or less exposed to human disturbances (including hunting). Examples include the
3603:
3458:
3404:
2424:
2311:
1866:
1734:
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to accommodate an ethnically and culturally mixed population in a neutral environment free from the rule of either Italy or
1729:
by the international community. The idea of an international zone in Jerusalem, encompassing at least the highly sensitive
1001:
792:
788:
355:
that previously exercised jurisdiction there. The Zone had a reputation for tolerance, diversity of culture, religion, and
764:
frontiers or boundaries between two or more military powers or alliances. Demilitarised zones should not be confused with
1952:
727:
170:
3378:
3096:
1451:
2967:
2557:
304:
3298:"Legality of the Deployment of Conventional Weapons in Earth Orbit: Balancing Space Law and the Law of Armed Conflict"
1167: – The United Nations Security Council approved the creation of a demilitarised zone in a portion of the Israeli-
3498:
3431:
1981:
1936:
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907:
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the Panama Canal from 1903 to 1999. Concessionary administration of the Suez Canal was ended when Egyptian President
518:
499:
336:
226:
68:
46:
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39:
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3005:
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1761:
316:
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1757:
1194:
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581:
312:
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229:. Depending on its purpose, an SEZ typically has less strict border control policies with regard to customs. An
3661:
2734:
2723:"Request for Interpretation of the Judgment of 15 June 1962 in the Case concerning the Temple of Preah Vihear (
2230:
1334:
899:
566:
163:
115:
2925:
1794:
Flags of United Nations member states flying outside the United Nations Headquarters complex in New York City.
867:
in the Korean Peninsula is deemed a "Neutral Zone" and is officially off-limits to all civilian vessels. Only
299:
A concession is a territory within a state over which another state has been granted jurisdiction. During the
3541:
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1131:
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820:
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1995:
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1300:
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141:
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3366:"Egypt is building a new walled buffer zone more than 2 miles wide on Gaza border, satellite images show"
2334:
his movements. Several United States marshals shadowed Mr. Wilson on his 24-hour stopover at the airport.
1583:
1212:
2660:
768:, which are areas lying along a border established unilaterally by a state for border control purposes.
3641:
3511:
1550:
1405:
1398:
Norway and Sweden established a demilitarised zone of 1 km on each side of their border after the
503:
328:
982:. The Vietnamese demilitarised zone was abolished following the reunification of the country in 1976.
1850:
1741:
1702:
1481:
1392:
1364:
1356:
1316:
1025:
856:
840:
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553:
507:
222:
199:
International zones may also maintain distinct visa policies from the rest of the surrounding state.
3544:, where the majority of peacekeepers are based and where talks between the two governments are held.
1391:
Israel and Syria: Following the 1948 Arab-Israeli War, three demilitarised zone were created by the
2957:"Extracts relating to Article 98 of the Charter of the United Nations: Supplement No 5 (1970–1978)"
2507:
1886:
1837:
United Nations Partition Plan for Palestine, showing the city of Jerusalem as an international zone
1496:
established that the island would remain under Argentinean sovereignty but could only be used as a
1079:
959:
888:
511:
490:, and colonial administrations attempted to give their concessions "homeland" qualities. Churches,
303:, concessions were frequently granted to colonial or imperial powers. Notably, the United Nations'
249:), in which goods stored or transhipped are treated as never having entered the host jurisdiction.
33:
2102:
683:
1806:
1647:
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navies never patrolling this area due to the fear of naval battles breaking out. This has led to
876:
495:
394:
257:
100:
3185:
331:
was a 373 square kilometre concession administered by several countries in the Moroccan city of
3518:
was supposed to be permissible in the Han River estuary and allow Seoul to be connected to the
1636:
1582:
While most satellites and space stations are administered by the state that deployed them, the
1304:
880:
230:
50:
2388:
2301:
2116:
1124:. Although the demilitarised zone is no longer mandated by the council, it continues to exist.
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law, and some of these laws applied to the Chinese residents. Notable Concessions include the
486:, and travel. They developed their own sub-cultures, isolated and distinct from the intrinsic
2583:
2414:
1730:
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661:
379:
234:
208:
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414:
110:
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8:
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2170:
2142:"Süleyman Shah's tomb will return to original location as 'Turkish land,' Deputy PM says"
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given to its two neighbours in 1954 and this was formalised much later by the bilateral
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2007:
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269:
242:
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105:
2531:"Schweizerisch-Französischer Staatsvertrag vom 4. Juli 1949 (Höflichkeitsübersetzung)"
2374:
We were told to stay in the international zone and not to go through customs in Zurich
1516:
1408: – A 115 km demilitarised zone in northern Syria straddling portions of the
1376:
1046:, mandates that the Finnish government maintain the territory as a demilitarised area.
371:
to discuss the Zone's future, agreeing to abolish it. Tangier joined with the rest of
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3515:
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https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2024/02/15/israel-hamas-war-news-gaza-palestine/
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1932:
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A common feature of sterile zones at airports and occasionally land and sea borders,
666:
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619:
597:
522:
472:
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2739:
1680:. The station also served as a border crossing between West Berlin and East Germany.
1331:, when Iraq and Saudi Arabia cancelled all international agreements with each other.
3580:, which sold duty-free and high-quality items at lower prices compared to the West.
3309:
3157:
2234:
1999:
1469:
1417:
1144:
1095:
1021:
558:
456:
402:
3171:
Wright, Minturn, "The Ownership of Antarctica, Its Living and Mineral Resources",
3072:"Turkey launches assault on Kurdish fighters in Syria, after US forces step aside"
1504:
1082:
peacekeeping mission monitors a demilitarised security zone roughly outlining the
3646:
3564:
3474:
3448:
3421:
3394:
3128:
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2533:(in German). EuroAirport Basel Mulhouse Freiburg. 1 November 2006. Archived from
1986:
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1312:
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536:, port cities in China and Japan that were opened to foreign trade mainly by the
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475:, resulting in the area being administered as a British trading hub until 1997.
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The law of the United Nations: a critical analysis of its fundamental problems
439:, it was later ceded to Dutch administration between 1641 and 1854. Under the
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955:
951:
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264:, which recognises the sovereignty of Norway over the Arctic archipelago of
2353:
airports. He made several calls to bankers while in Switzerland, they said.
1745:
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1360:
1324:
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1075:
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930:
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who qualify for the China Transit Program or Transit Without Visa Program.
630:
while American administration of the Panama Canal ended as a result of the
611:
533:
491:
479:
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452:
436:
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men from Western countries. Many of the latter were able to live an openly
278:
3314:
3297:
902:
had ordered the creation of a "provisional demilitarised zone" around the
3346:
3322:
2284:
2221:
Helmick, Milton J. (12 September 1945). "United States Court for China".
1718:
1677:
1666:
1654:
was governed in rotation by American, British, French, and Soviet troops.
1628:
1600:
announced the construction of a buffer zone around the Egypt-Gaza border.
1278:
1158:
943:
935:
852:
848:
692:
634:
in which the United States voluntarily renounced its concession over the
627:
526:
401:, and in 2015 it was relocated unilaterally by Turkey in response to the
356:
348:
274:
146:
3334:
2011:
431:
was a Portuguese and, later, Dutch concession near the Japanese city of
3540:
The peacekeeping force currently has its headquarters at the abandoned
3519:
3271:
2246:
2197:
1768:, which made competing claims on the territory. The Free Territory was
1765:
1612:
1447:
1286:
1228:
1016:
The buffer zone was established in 1974 due to ethnic tensions between
836:
607:
483:
460:
444:
398:
364:
2416:
How Safe are Our Skies?: Assessing the Airlines' Response to Terrorism
1903:
3577:
3523:
2003:
1813:
administered by multiple foreign powers during the late Qing Dynasty.
1688:
1489:
1270:
1247:
963:
926:
922:
570:
549:
3124:"Turkey, Russia agree on demilitarized zone in Syria's Idlib region"
2661:"S. Korea shares nautical charts of Han River estuary with N. Korea"
2365:"Team Of Ex-Green Berets Trained Terrorists For Libyan Government".
2238:
1760:. The area was established on 10 February 1947 by a protocol of the
1618:
3097:"Ground Safety Zone (GSZ): Time out for rebel strong hold – Serbia"
3032:"US and Turkey reach accord, but concerns of Syrian Kurds continue"
3001:
Palestinian Academic Society for the Study of International Affairs
2897:
1658:
1575:
in orbit, and thus some highly destructive attack tactics, such as
1508:
1328:
1215:
in 1978, to restore international peace and security, and help the
1121:
1083:
915:
911:
875:
Estuary Neutral Zone and illegally fished in this area due to both
731:
700:
432:
321:
265:
253:
2181:
Secret Memoirs of the Shoguns: Isaac Titsingh and Japan, 1779–1822
1031:
970:
but, in reality, extended about 1.5 km on either side of the
942:, Manchuria was re-incorporated into China. Similarly, during the
3262:
2926:"Sudan, South Sudan agree to pull troops from demilitarized zone"
1749:
1493:
1208:
1087:
1069:
1065:
584:. Similar courts were established for treaty countries, e.g. the
386:
372:
332:
2824:"Egypt deployed troops in Sinai without Israel's prior approval"
2346:"Fugitive Former Spy; Lured Out Of Libya, Arrested At Kennedy".
1412:. It was established between Turkey and the United States, both
1223:
2765:"Camp David Accords – Israeli Ministry of Foreign Affairs"
1825:
The four sectors of occupation in Vienna between 1945 and 1955.
1714:
1439:
1435:
1421:
1383:
1346:
1113:
1005:
517:
The foreign concessions in China continued to exist during the
440:
428:
418:
2791:
Canadian Contingent Multinational Force and Observers Handbook
502:
administered by the United Kingdom and the United States, the
3527:
2875:"Israel approves Egypt's request to increase forces in Sinai"
2680:"Koreas to open Han River estuary to civilian ships in April"
1809:
in Shanghai, within the Shanghai International Settlement, a
1597:
1465:
1255:
1154:
1150:
1135:
1061:
1060:
demilitarised zone exists between the Spanish territories of
779:
Several demilitarised zones have also unintentionally become
742:
in Switzerland has similar facilities for French travellers.
735:
448:
390:
368:
1402:
in 1905. The zone was abolished by mutual agreement in 1993.
1337:– The Uqair Protocol established a neutral zone between the
367:
life in the Zone. In July 1952 the protecting powers met at
2327:"Former Colleague Aided U.S. In Trapping Ex-C.I.A. Agent".
1413:
1193: – Created by the United Nations with the adoption of
1109:
975:
958:. The zone was established in July 1954 as a result of the
618:
operated the Suez Canal while the United States government
730:, an airport located in France 20 kilometres southeast of
652:
Overseas military bases such as the American-administered
3209:"Norge utvider Dronning Maud Land helt frem til Sydpolen"
2902:
1650:
between 1945 and 1955, a small international zone in the
2893:"Sudan agrees demilitarised zone for north-south border"
1697:. This was never implemented; the city was the scene of
1349:
in 1922. It was partitioned by mutual agreement in 1970.
544:, as well as cities in Korea opened up similarly by the
3477:, diplomsko delo, Univerza v Ljubljani, Ljubljana, 2005
2850:"Int'l force in Sinai quiet amid concern of violations"
1277:
designated the Rhineland as a demilitarised zone after
815:
375:
following the restoration of full sovereignty in 1956.
3613:
Department of State, United States of America (1998).
2607:"South Korea to Respond to Illegal Fishing with Force"
2459:
Reporter, Cleofe Maceda, Senior Web (5 January 2017).
1108:
approved the creation of a demilitarised zone between
359:. It became a tourist hotspot for literary giants and
335:
and its environs between 1923 and 1956. Much like the
2461:"Dubai Duty Free sales drop on currency fluctuations"
2442:"Incheon Airport duty free sales hit US$ 2bn in 2016"
1735:
proposals to resolve the Israeli-Palestinian conflict
966:
and France. The DMZ in Vietnam officially lay at the
435:. Established to house Portuguese traders during the
2265:
2253:
2202:
887:
and sinkings of boats between Chinese fishermen and
3612:
3352:
3340:
3328:
2966:. United Nations. pp. 275–279. Archived from
2075:Bond, Gwenda (2007). "Seriously Gay and Lesbian".
1450:that existed between 1999 and 2001. Following the
1400:dissolution of the union between Norway and Sweden
1153: – A 10 km demilitarised zone along the
1038:, which was concluded following a decision of the
677:
3285:Wikisource:Outer Space Treaty of 1967#Article VII
2051:"How Morocco was once a haven for gay Westerners"
1904:"Welcome to the United Nations Office at Vienna!"
1458:Idlib demilitarisation agreement zone (2018–2019)
1090:and the unrecognized Transnistria created by the
1028:separating the Republic of Korea and North Korea.
295:Concessions and leases in international relations
3633:
3475:"Slovenska zahodna meja po drugi svetovni vojni"
2698:"[Reportage] the DMZ that's not on land"
2439:
1242:A neutral territory was established between the
1165:United Nations Disengagement Observer Force Zone
925:, when they administered as the puppet state of
469:the island of Hong Kong and the surrounding area
3295:
2299:
1975:
1973:
1507:Demilitarised zone was established in southern
1434: – A 5 km demilitarised area between
1426:2019 Turkish offensive into north-eastern Syria
1012:is a demilitarised border zone operated by the
459:between 1557 and 1999. In the aftermath of the
2964:Repertory of Practice of United Nations Organs
2805:"Israel OKs Egypt attack helicopters in Sinai"
2419:. Greenwood Publishing Group. pp. 90–91.
648:List of countries with overseas military bases
2815:
2596:Article 1, Section 5. Retrieved 11 March 2017
2412:
2025:Morocco (Tangier Zone) Order in Council, 1925
1307:established a demilitarised zone between the
1024:. The green line is similar in nature to the
985:
171:
2923:
2793:(unclassified), page A-1. DND, Ottawa, 1986.
2484:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
2293:
1970:
1616:
1219:restore its effective authority in the area.
3446:
3055:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
2924:Ahmed, Amir; Botelho, Greg (9 March 2013).
2867:
2841:
2821:
2796:
1685:United Nations Partition Plan for Palestine
1454:, Serbian forces were allowed to enter GSZ.
1185:United Nations Disengagement Observer Force
1014:United Nations Peacekeeping Force in Cyprus
3069:
2783:
2555:
2406:
1931:. The Lawbook Exchange, Ltd. p. 350.
1705:which culminated in its partition between
1515:that involved the Government of President
1375:The Israeli enclave and Jordanian area on
799:which divided Vietnam into two countries (
641:
178:
164:
3313:
1676:trains despite being located entirely in
1511:between 1999 and 2002, during the failed
591:
532:The majority of concessions in Asia were
202:
69:Learn how and when to remove this message
3419:
2458:
2389:"Visa to pass through the UK in transit"
2048:
2028:
1691:was supposed to become an international
1222:
814:
771:Many demilitarised zones are considered
343:, which was subject to supervision by a
227:facilitate export-oriented manufacturing
32:This article includes a list of general
3265:Outer Space Treaty of 1967#Article VIII
3029:
2306:. Taylor & Francis. pp. 511–.
2220:
1472:. The zone was never fully implemented.
1323:. Nejd was later incorporated into the
1297:in violation of international treaties.
1191:United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon
710:proceeding to or from the United States
3634:
3593:
3497:The treaty, ratified by France, which
3246:
3207:Rapp, Ole Magnus (21 September 2015).
3121:
2847:
2802:
2523:
2271:
2259:
2208:
1979:
1924:
1865:Duty Free Shop in the sterile zone of
1521:Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia
745:
393:since the Empire's collapse. The 1921
3399:(in German). C.H. Beck. p. 189.
3302:European Journal of International Law
3296:Bourbonniere, M.; Lee, R. J. (2007).
2049:Hamilton, Richard (12 October 2014).
1918:
1896:
1867:Pyongyang Sunan International Airport
1744:was an international zone around the
1207:, to confirm Israeli withdrawal from
1134:sets a limit to the amount of forces
670:establishing Cyprus independence) as
3467:
3426:(in German). LIT Verlag. p. 8.
3396:Danzig – Biographie einer Stadt
3389:
3206:
3070:Pitarakis, Lefteris; Mroue, Bassem.
2440:Charlotte Turner (16 January 2017).
2117:"Franco-Turkish agreement of Ankara"
2074:
895:indefinitely postponed these plans.
863:Similarly, the whole estuary of the
807:) from 21 July 1954 to 2 July 1976.
660:in Cuba or the British-administered
626:nationalised the company during the
382:, grandfather of the founder of the
18:
3249:Wisconsin International Law Journal
2822:Issacharoff, Avi (16 August 2012).
2757:
2677:
2634:"Han River crackdown – FiskerForum"
728:EuroAirport Basel Mulhouse Freiburg
13:
3423:Das Bistum Danzig in Lebensbildern
3173:Journal of Law and the Environment
2038:. 26 May 1925. pp. 3547–3548.
1721:, East Jerusalem was captured and
921:During the Japanese occupation of
341:International Legislative Assembly
38:it lacks sufficient corresponding
14:
3673:
3122:Heintz, Jim (17 September 2018).
2194:American Political Science Review
1590:
1141:Multinational Force and Observers
620:administered the area surrounding
500:Shanghai International Settlement
337:Shanghai International Settlement
2936:Turner Broadcasting System, Inc.
1858:
1842:
1830:
1818:
1799:
1787:
1611:protectorate that contained the
1476:
1452:Insurgency in the Preševo Valley
734:and 3.5 kilometres northwest of
457:administered it as a trading hub
23:
3570:
3547:
3534:
3504:
3491:
3440:
3413:
3383:
3372:
3358:
3289:
3278:
3255:
3240:
3230:
3200:
3178:
3165:
3148:
3115:
3089:
3063:
3023:
2985:
2949:
2917:
2885:
2848:Keinon, Herb (21 August 2012).
2715:
2690:
2671:
2653:
2626:
2599:
2572:
2549:
2492:
2452:
2433:
2381:
2358:
2339:
2320:
2277:
2214:
2186:
2157:
2148:
2134:
2109:
1980:Stuart, Graham H. (July 1945).
1758:United Nations Security Council
1733:, continues to feature in many
1631:, which excluded the area from
1486:Rio de la Plata Boundary Treaty
1250:and Spain after the end of the
1183:. The zone is monitored by the
1106:United Nations Security Council
678:Sterile zones at ports of entry
582:British Supreme Court for China
463:, the Ming Dynasty's successor
389:, has been located in northern
2803:Keinon, Herb (9 August 2012).
2738:. 18 July 2011. Archived from
2735:International Court of Justice
2636:. 13 June 2016. Archived from
2231:Institute of Pacific Relations
2095:
2068:
2042:
2018:
1945:
1880:
1723:unilaterally annexed by Israel
1556:
1291:re-occupied and re-militarised
900:International Court of Justice
451:was ceded by China during the
288:
116:International Seabed Authority
16:Type of extra-territorial zone
1:
3542:Nicosia International Airport
1873:
1526:
821:Vietnamese Demilitarised Zone
797:Vietnamese Demilitarised Zone
586:United States Court for China
504:French Concession in Shanghai
305:headquarters in New York City
3531:passenger ships in its port.
3215:(in Norwegian). Oslo, Norway
1996:Council on Foreign Relations
1359:, a demilitarised zone (the
142:Extraterrestrial real estate
7:
3510:According to the July 1953
3447:Kaczorowska, Alina (2010).
3188:. Norwegian Polar Institute
2500:"General conditions of use"
2303:Russia's Middle East Policy
1648:allied occupation of Vienna
1584:International Space Station
1468:controlled area amidst the
1420:to prevent clashes between
962:ending the war between the
443:policy in force during the
10:
3678:
3587:
3512:Korean Armistice Agreement
3453:. Routledge. p. 199.
1887:Immigrants warmly welcomed
1780:
1776:of 1975, ratified in 1977.
1762:Treaty of Peace with Italy
1551:common heritage of mankind
1530:
1406:Northern Syria Buffer Zone
1335:Saudi–Kuwaiti neutral zone
1315:, which at the time was a
1244:British Overseas Territory
986:Europe and the Middle East
974:and west to east from the
789:Cypriot Demilitarised Zone
749:
645:
595:
412:
329:Tangier International Zone
292:
206:
3420:Samerski, Stefan (2003).
1851:Free Territory of Trieste
1742:Free Territory of Trieste
1395:between Israel and Syria.
1393:1949 Armistice Agreements
1367:between Israel and Egypt.
1365:1949 Armistice Agreements
1317:League of Nations mandate
1132:Egypt–Israel peace treaty
810:
785:Korean Demilitarised Zone
508:Kwantung Leased Territory
471:to the British under the
223:foreign direct investment
3484:
3450:Public International Law
3353:Department of State 1998
3341:Department of State 1998
3329:Department of State 1998
2300:Alexey Vasiliev (2018).
2285:
2196:(1937) 31#5 pp. 942–948
1379:was designated as a DMZ.
1301:Saudi–Iraqi neutral zone
1080:Joint Control Commission
1036:Åland Convention of 1921
889:South Korean Coast Guard
632:Torrijos–Carter Treaties
512:Beijing Legation Quarter
3652:International relations
3598:. New York: Oxford UP.
3499:ruled Syria at the time
2789:10 Tactical Air Group:
2678:송상호 (30 January 2019).
2650:Retrieved 11 March 2017
2623:Retrieved 11 March 2017
2122:(in French and English)
1982:"The Future of Tangier"
1663:Friedrichstraße station
1533:Antarctic Treaty System
1325:Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
642:Overseas military bases
455:to the Portuguese, who
408:
260:under the terms of the
258:entirely visa-free zone
101:Antarctic Treaty System
53:more precise citations.
3657:Concession territories
2413:Rodney Wallis (2003).
1652:historical city centre
1639:. The Free City had a
1637:Second Polish Republic
1617:
1442:was created under the
1305:Uqair Protocol of 1922
1254:. A strip of land 600
1232:
1227:Historical map of the
832:
682:The sterile zone at a
592:Suez and Panama canals
567:Nationalist Government
231:export processing zone
203:Special economic zones
3662:Enclaves and exclaves
3076:www.timesofisrael.com
2580:"FindLaw Legal Blogs"
1925:Kelsen, Hans (2000).
1754:direct responsibility
1725:, in a move that has
1607:was an international
1363:) was created by the
1357:1948 Arab–Israeli War
1226:
1217:Government of Lebanon
818:
750:Further information:
722:Seoul Incheon Airport
672:an overseas territory
662:Akrotiri and Dhekelia
646:Further information:
380:Tomb of Suleyman Shah
293:Further information:
235:bonded logistics park
209:Special economic zone
207:Further information:
87:Extraterritorialities
3594:Cassel, Pär (2012).
3186:"Dronning Maud Land"
2725:Cambodia v. Thailand
2537:on 24 September 2015
2376:, Mr. Thompson said.
2179:Screech, T. (2006).
1625:Treaty of Versailles
1615:port of Danzig (now
1573:conventional weapons
1500:of flora and fauna.
1482:Martin García Island
1382:The area around the
1343:British protectorate
1319:administered by the
1275:Treaty of Versailles
1054:Melilla border fence
936:Asia-Pacific theatre
699:requires at least a
578:Shanghai Mixed Court
540:forced upon them by
415:Concessions in China
345:Committee of Control
111:International waters
3596:Grounds of Judgment
3567:and the South Pole.
3526:to finally connect
3368:. 16 February 2024.
3315:10.1093/ejil/chm051
3251:(21 ed.): 409.
3011:on 15 February 2006
2771:on 3 September 2011
2558:"DMZ – Terminology"
2171:Carl Peter Thunberg
1727:not been recognised
1605:Free City of Danzig
1577:kinetic bombardment
1416:allies, during the
1410:Syria–Turkey border
1372:Israel and Jordan:
1285:from deploying its
1102:Kuwait–Iraq barrier
1092:ceasefire agreement
1042:in response to the
904:Preah Vihear Temple
843:(DMZ) spanning the
746:Demilitarised zones
654:Pituffik Space Base
427:The island port of
239:Luxembourg Freeport
3391:Loew, Peter Oliver
2973:on 19 October 2013
2931:Cable News Network
2745:on 17 October 2013
2702:english.hani.co.kr
2684:Yonhap News Agency
2667:. 31 January 2019.
2367:The New York Times
2350:. 26 August 1981.
2348:The New York Times
2329:The New York Times
2223:Far Eastern Survey
2167:Engelbert Kaempfer
2035:The London Gazette
1563:Outer Space Treaty
1444:Kumanovo Agreement
1432:Ground Safety Zone
1352:Israel and Egypt:
1281:, prohibiting the
1260:does not recognise
1233:
1169:occupied territory
1050:Ceuta border fence
948:demilitarised zone
841:Demilitarised Zone
833:
795:), and the former
781:wildlife preserves
752:Demilitarized zone
624:Gamal Abdel Nasser
616:Suez Canal Company
602:Suez Canal Company
554:Russian revolution
301:Age of Imperialism
243:Singapore Freeport
217:Free economic zone
192:international zone
152:Outer Space Treaty
121:International zone
106:Diplomatic mission
3642:International law
3605:978-0-19-979205-4
3460:978-0-203-84847-0
3406:978-3-406-60587-1
3136:on 8 October 2018
2426:978-0-275-97847-1
2313:978-1-351-34886-7
2077:Publishers Weekly
1609:League of Nations
1466:Syrian government
1339:Sultanate of Nejd
1309:Sultanate of Nejd
1211:which Israel had
1143:. Because of the
1040:League of Nations
960:Geneva Conference
893:2019 Hanoi Summit
773:neutral territory
667:Khmeimim Air Base
656:in Greenland and
636:Panama Canal Zone
598:Panama Canal Zone
523:Republic of China
473:Treaty of Nanjing
281:islands, and for
196:not fully subject
188:
187:
79:
78:
71:
3669:
3628:
3626:
3624:
3619:
3609:
3581:
3574:
3568:
3560:150 degrees west
3551:
3545:
3538:
3532:
3508:
3502:
3495:
3478:
3471:
3465:
3464:
3444:
3438:
3437:
3417:
3411:
3410:
3387:
3381:
3376:
3370:
3369:
3362:
3356:
3350:
3344:
3338:
3332:
3326:
3320:
3319:
3317:
3293:
3287:
3282:
3276:
3275:
3269:
3259:
3253:
3252:
3244:
3238:
3234:
3228:
3227:
3222:
3220:
3204:
3198:
3197:
3195:
3193:
3182:
3176:
3169:
3163:
3162:
3158:Antarctic Treaty
3152:
3146:
3145:
3143:
3141:
3132:. Archived from
3119:
3113:
3112:
3110:
3108:
3093:
3087:
3086:
3084:
3082:
3067:
3061:
3060:
3054:
3046:
3044:
3042:
3027:
3021:
3020:
3018:
3016:
3010:
3004:. Archived from
2997:
2993:"Palestine Maps"
2989:
2983:
2982:
2980:
2978:
2972:
2961:
2953:
2947:
2946:
2944:
2942:
2921:
2915:
2914:
2912:
2910:
2889:
2883:
2882:
2871:
2865:
2864:
2862:
2860:
2845:
2839:
2838:
2836:
2834:
2819:
2813:
2812:
2800:
2794:
2787:
2781:
2780:
2778:
2776:
2767:. Archived from
2761:
2755:
2754:
2752:
2750:
2744:
2731:
2719:
2713:
2712:
2710:
2708:
2694:
2688:
2687:
2675:
2669:
2668:
2657:
2651:
2649:
2647:
2645:
2640:on 12 March 2017
2630:
2624:
2622:
2620:
2618:
2613:on 12 March 2017
2609:. Archived from
2603:
2597:
2595:
2593:
2591:
2582:. Archived from
2576:
2570:
2569:
2568:on 5 March 2016.
2564:. Archived from
2556:Panmunjom tour.
2553:
2547:
2546:
2544:
2542:
2527:
2521:
2519:
2517:
2515:
2510:on 28 March 2013
2506:. Archived from
2496:
2490:
2489:
2483:
2475:
2473:
2471:
2456:
2450:
2449:
2437:
2431:
2430:
2410:
2404:
2403:
2401:
2399:
2385:
2379:
2378:
2369:. 27 June 1982.
2362:
2356:
2355:
2343:
2337:
2336:
2331:. 16 June 1982.
2324:
2318:
2317:
2297:
2291:
2290:
2281:
2275:
2269:
2263:
2257:
2251:
2250:
2218:
2212:
2206:
2200:
2190:
2184:
2161:
2155:
2152:
2146:
2145:
2138:
2132:
2131:
2129:
2127:
2121:
2113:
2107:
2106:
2099:
2093:
2092:
2072:
2066:
2065:
2063:
2061:
2046:
2040:
2039:
2022:
2016:
2015:
2004:10.2307/20029932
1977:
1968:
1967:
1965:
1963:
1957:travel.state.gov
1949:
1943:
1942:
1922:
1916:
1915:
1913:
1911:
1906:. United Nations
1900:
1894:
1884:
1862:
1846:
1834:
1822:
1803:
1791:
1694:corpus separatum
1622:
1568:celestial bodies
1539:Antarctic Treaty
1488:of 1973 between
1470:Syrian Civil War
1418:Syrian Civil War
1329:Persian Gulf War
1195:Security Council
1145:Sinai insurgency
1122:Persian Gulf War
1096:Transnistria War
1022:Turkish Cypriots
906:whose ownership
869:military vessels
701:C-1 transit visa
559:Second World War
538:unequal treaties
478:During the late
403:Syrian civil war
395:Treaty of Ankara
270:demilitarisation
180:
173:
166:
83:
82:
74:
67:
63:
60:
54:
49:this article by
40:inline citations
27:
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3565:Queen Maud Land
3556:90 degrees west
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3473:Drašček, Nuša.
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3129:Chicago Tribune
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2881:. 15 July 2013.
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2586:on 5 March 2014
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2144:. 2 April 2018.
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2019:
1987:Foreign Affairs
1978:
1971:
1961:
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1951:
1950:
1946:
1939:
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1854:
1847:
1838:
1835:
1826:
1823:
1814:
1804:
1795:
1792:
1783:
1774:Treaty of Osimo
1699:fierce fighting
1683:Under the 1947
1593:
1559:
1535:
1529:
1517:Andrés Pastrana
1498:natural reserve
1479:
1313:Kingdom of Iraq
1283:Weimar Republic
1128:Sinai Peninsula
1010:Northern Cyprus
1006:Southern Cyprus
988:
980:South China Sea
847:border between
813:
754:
748:
717:duty-free shops
680:
650:
644:
604:
596:Main articles:
594:
563:Chiang Kai-shek
546:Japanese Empire
519:mainland period
488:Chinese culture
425:
413:Main articles:
411:
353:consular courts
307:and offices in
297:
291:
283:Iraqi Kurdistan
262:Svalbard Treaty
247:Geneva Freeport
219:
213:Free-trade zone
205:
184:
75:
64:
58:
55:
45:Please help to
44:
28:
24:
17:
12:
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5:
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2884:
2879:Jerusalem Post
2866:
2854:Jerusalem Post
2840:
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2809:Jerusalem Post
2795:
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2175:Isaac Titsingh
2156:
2147:
2133:
2108:
2094:
2067:
2041:
2017:
1969:
1953:"Transit Visa"
1944:
1937:
1917:
1895:
1893:, 4 July 2006.
1878:
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1779:
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1777:
1738:
1711:East Jerusalem
1707:West Jerusalem
1687:, the city of
1681:
1665:was served by
1655:
1644:
1633:Weimar Germany
1601:
1592:
1591:Other examples
1589:
1558:
1555:
1531:Main article:
1528:
1525:
1478:
1475:
1474:
1473:
1455:
1446:following the
1429:
1403:
1396:
1389:
1388:
1387:
1380:
1370:
1369:
1368:
1355:Following the
1350:
1332:
1321:British Empire
1298:
1289:there. It was
1268:
1221:
1220:
1188:
1181:Yom Kippur War
1177:Resolution 350
1162:
1148:
1125:
1118:Resolution 689
1099:
1073:
1047:
1029:
987:
984:
978:border to the
946:, there was a
812:
809:
793:The Green Line
747:
744:
740:Geneva Airport
679:
676:
658:Guantanamo Bay
643:
640:
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590:
542:Western powers
410:
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384:Ottoman Empire
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126:United Nations
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31:
29:
22:
15:
9:
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3433:3-8258-6284-4
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3416:
3408:
3402:
3398:
3397:
3392:
3386:
3380:
3375:
3367:
3361:
3355:, Article 22.
3354:
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3342:
3337:
3331:, Article 10.
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3030:Kurdistan24.
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3007:
3003:
3002:
2994:
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2969:
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2952:
2937:
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2905:. 31 May 2011
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2296:
2288:
2280:
2274:, p. 65.
2273:
2268:
2262:, p. 64.
2261:
2256:
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2244:
2240:
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2228:
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2217:
2211:, p. 63.
2210:
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2083:(19): 27–31.
2082:
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2026:
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2013:
2009:
2005:
2001:
1997:
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1988:
1983:
1976:
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1958:
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1938:1-58477-077-5
1934:
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1709:(Israel) and
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1679:
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1641:customs union
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1514:
1513:peace process
1510:
1506:
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1499:
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1491:
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1483:
1477:South America
1471:
1467:
1463:
1462:Syrian rebels
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1437:
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1240:
1239:
1237:
1231:of Gibraltar.
1230:
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1210:
1206:
1202:
1199:
1196:
1192:
1189:
1186:
1182:
1178:
1174:
1173:Golan Heights
1170:
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1156:
1152:
1149:
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1142:
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1027:
1026:38th parallel
1023:
1019:
1015:
1011:
1007:
1003:
999:
998:
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995:
991:
983:
981:
977:
973:
972:Bến Hải River
969:
968:17th parallel
965:
961:
957:
956:South Vietnam
953:
952:North Vietnam
949:
945:
941:
937:
932:
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913:
909:
905:
901:
898:In 1962, the
896:
894:
890:
886:
882:
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874:
870:
866:
861:
858:
854:
850:
846:
842:
839:, there is a
838:
830:
829:South Vietnam
826:
822:
817:
808:
806:
805:South Vietnam
802:
801:North Vietnam
798:
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790:
786:
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777:
774:
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743:
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733:
729:
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723:
718:
713:
711:
706:
702:
696:
694:
688:
685:
684:port of entry
675:
673:
668:
663:
659:
655:
649:
639:
637:
633:
629:
625:
621:
617:
613:
612:Panama Canals
609:
603:
599:
589:
587:
583:
579:
574:
572:
568:
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547:
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535:
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515:
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497:
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492:public houses
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104:
102:
99:
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92:
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85:
84:
81:
73:
70:
62:
59:November 2021
52:
48:
42:
41:
35:
30:
21:
20:
3621:. Retrieved
3595:
3572:
3549:
3536:
3506:
3493:
3469:
3449:
3442:
3422:
3415:
3395:
3385:
3374:
3360:
3348:
3343:, Article 7.
3336:
3324:
3305:
3301:
3291:
3280:
3270:– via
3264:
3257:
3248:
3242:
3232:
3224:
3219:22 September
3217:. Retrieved
3212:
3202:
3192:22 September
3190:. Retrieved
3180:
3172:
3167:
3156:
3150:
3138:. Retrieved
3134:the original
3127:
3117:
3105:. Retrieved
3100:
3091:
3079:. Retrieved
3075:
3065:
3039:. Retrieved
3035:
3025:
3013:. Retrieved
3006:the original
2999:
2987:
2975:. Retrieved
2968:the original
2963:
2951:
2929:
2919:
2907:. Retrieved
2896:
2887:
2878:
2869:
2857:. Retrieved
2853:
2843:
2831:. Retrieved
2827:
2817:
2808:
2798:
2790:
2785:
2773:. Retrieved
2769:the original
2759:
2747:. Retrieved
2740:the original
2733:
2724:
2717:
2705:. Retrieved
2701:
2692:
2683:
2673:
2664:
2655:
2642:. Retrieved
2638:the original
2628:
2615:. Retrieved
2611:the original
2601:
2588:. Retrieved
2584:the original
2574:
2566:the original
2561:
2551:
2539:. Retrieved
2535:the original
2525:
2514:24 September
2512:. Retrieved
2508:the original
2503:
2494:
2468:. Retrieved
2464:
2454:
2445:
2435:
2415:
2408:
2396:. Retrieved
2392:
2383:
2373:
2370:
2366:
2360:
2351:
2347:
2341:
2332:
2328:
2322:
2302:
2295:
2279:
2267:
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2226:
2222:
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2193:
2188:
2180:
2163:
2159:
2150:
2136:
2124:. Retrieved
2111:
2097:
2080:
2076:
2070:
2058:. Retrieved
2054:
2044:
2033:
2024:
2020:
1991:
1985:
1960:. Retrieved
1956:
1947:
1927:
1920:
1908:. Retrieved
1898:
1882:
1807:Nanjing Road
1769:
1746:Adriatic Sea
1693:
1643:with Poland.
1635:and the new
1581:
1560:
1547:
1543:
1536:
1502:
1484: – The
1480:
1428:to go ahead.
1361:El Auja Zone
1295:Nazi Germany
1264:
1235:
1234:
1175:in Syria in
1130: – The
1104: – The
1078: – The
1076:Transnistria
1057:
1044:Åland crisis
1034: – The
994:Contemporary
993:
992:
989:
940:World War II
931:Tanggu Truce
920:
897:
881:South Korean
877:North Korean
862:
844:
834:
778:
770:
766:border zones
761:
757:
755:
726:
714:
697:
689:
681:
651:
605:
575:
569:in exile in
534:treaty ports
531:
516:
477:
465:Qing Dynasty
453:Ming dynasty
437:Nanban trade
426:
423:Treaty ports
377:
326:
298:
251:
220:
194:is any area
191:
189:
120:
80:
65:
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3623:13 November
3213:Aftenposten
3103:. June 2001
3036:Kurdistan24
2562:tourdmz.com
2504:EuroAirport
2446:TR Business
2398:30 December
2272:Cassel 2012
2260:Cassel 2012
2233:: 252–255.
2209:Cassel 2012
2060:2 September
2030:"No. 33050"
1998:: 675–679.
1962:11 November
1849:Map of the
1678:East Berlin
1667:West Berlin
1657:During the
1646:During the
1629:World War I
1627:that ended
1557:Outer space
1553:principle.
1293:in 1936 by
1279:World War I
1159:South Sudan
1094:ending the
1004:separating
944:Vietnam War
857:8th US Army
853:South Korea
849:North Korea
823:separating
628:Suez Crisis
527:Warlord era
484:proselytize
357:bohemianism
349:Mixed Court
289:Concessions
147:Moon Treaty
51:introducing
3636:Categories
3520:Yellow Sea
3308:(5): 873.
3272:Wikisource
3155:"art. 1",
3107:14 October
2941:24 October
2939:Retrieved
2909:24 October
2859:29 October
2541:5 November
2470:24 January
1910:24 October
1891:Al Jazeera
1874:References
1811:concession
1766:Yugoslavia
1717:). In the
1613:Baltic Sea
1537:Under the
1527:Antarctica
1448:Kosovo War
1377:Mt. Scopus
1252:1727 siege
1236:Historical
1229:promontory
1198:Resolution
1179:after the
1120:after the
1056: – A
1002:Green Line
908:is claimed
885:firefights
837:Korean War
510:, and the
480:Qing years
461:Opium Wars
445:Edo period
399:Lake Assad
252:Uniquely,
34:references
3578:Intershop
3524:Ara Canal
3175:4 (1987).
3140:9 October
3101:ReliefWeb
3081:9 October
3041:25 August
3015:9 October
2833:24 August
2749:9 October
2480:cite news
2089:0000-0019
1689:Jerusalem
1596:In 2024,
1505:El Caguán
1490:Argentina
1464:from the
1271:Rhineland
1248:Gibraltar
964:Viet Minh
927:Manchukuo
923:Manchuria
873:Han River
865:Han River
720:sales is
571:Chongqing
550:Opium War
3516:shipping
3393:(2011).
3051:cite web
2977:6 August
2898:BBC News
2644:11 March
2617:11 March
2590:14 April
2465:GulfNews
2183:, p. 73.
2126:8 August
2055:BBC News
2012:20029932
1770:de facto
1752:, under
1748:port of
1731:Old City
1719:1967 war
1703:1948 war
1659:Cold War
1523:(FARC).
1519:and the
1509:Colombia
1386:salient.
1341:and the
1311:and the
1287:military
1265:de facto
1086:between
1084:Dniester
1058:de facto
950:between
916:Thailand
912:Cambodia
910:by both
845:de facto
762:de facto
732:Mulhouse
580:and the
496:consular
433:Nagasaki
322:C-2 visa
266:Svalbard
254:Svalbard
3588:Sources
2828:Haaretz
2775:31 July
2247:3021415
2105:. 1956.
1781:Gallery
1756:of the
1750:Trieste
1701:in the
1494:Uruguay
1422:Kurdish
1213:invaded
1209:Lebanon
1171:of the
1161:border.
1088:Moldova
1070:Morocco
1066:Melilla
831:in 1969
758:de jure
521:of the
387:Osman I
373:Morocco
333:Tangier
317:Nairobi
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3647:Travel
3602:
3514:civil
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3403:
3267:
3237:21:409
3161:, 1959
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2393:Gov.uk
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2229:(18).
2198:online
2173:, and
2087:
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1715:Jordan
1674:U-Bahn
1670:S-Bahn
1661:, the
1619:Gdańsk
1440:Kosovo
1436:Serbia
1384:Latrun
1347:Kuwait
1303:– The
1273:– The
1256:toises
1114:Kuwait
929:, the
787:, the
506:, the
467:ceded
441:Sakoku
429:Dejima
421:, and
419:Dejima
315:, and
313:Vienna
309:Geneva
256:is an
215:, and
36:, but
3618:(PDF)
3528:Seoul
3485:Notes
3009:(PDF)
2996:(PDF)
2971:(PDF)
2960:(PDF)
2743:(PDF)
2730:(PDF)
2707:3 May
2243:JSTOR
2120:(PDF)
2008:JSTOR
1994:(4).
1598:Egypt
1155:Sudan
1151:Sudan
1136:Egypt
1062:Ceuta
1032:Åland
1018:Greek
825:North
736:Basel
703:, or
449:Macau
391:Syria
369:Rabat
365:"out"
279:Qeshm
134:Space
93:Earth
3625:2021
3600:ISBN
3558:and
3455:ISBN
3428:ISBN
3401:ISBN
3221:2015
3194:2015
3142:2018
3109:2021
3083:2019
3057:link
3043:2019
3017:2018
2979:2006
2943:2015
2911:2015
2861:2013
2835:2012
2777:2024
2751:2018
2709:2020
2646:2017
2619:2017
2592:2014
2543:2014
2516:2009
2486:link
2472:2017
2421:ISBN
2400:2016
2308:ISBN
2128:2014
2085:ISSN
2062:2018
1964:2021
1933:ISBN
1912:2011
1740:The
1672:and
1603:The
1503:The
1492:and
1438:and
1414:NATO
1203:and
1112:and
1110:Iraq
1068:and
1064:and
1052:and
1020:and
1008:and
1000:The
954:and
914:and
879:and
851:and
827:and
819:The
811:Asia
803:and
705:ESTA
693:visa
610:and
608:Suez
606:The
600:and
409:Asia
378:The
327:The
320:the
277:and
275:Kish
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