1072:(sight, touch, hearing, smell, taste), but they receive significantly more information from vision than any of the other four. Fifty percent of the human brain is dedicated to visual functions, and images are processed faster than text. The brain processes pictures all at once, but processes text in a linear fashion, meaning it takes much longer to obtain information from text. Entire business processes or industry sectors can be made relevant to a new audience through a guidance design technique that leads the eye. The page may link to a complete report, but the infographic primes the reader making the subject-matter more accessible. Online trends, such as the increasingly short attention span of Internet users, has also contributed to the increasing popularity and effectiveness of infographics.
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popular method due to the tidy and space-efficient results. A node-link diagram is similar to a tree, where each node branches off into multiple sub-sections. An alternative is adjacency diagrams, which is a space-filling variant of the node-link diagram. Instead of drawing a link between hierarchies, nodes are drawn as solid areas with sub-sections inside of each section. This method allows for size to be easily represented than in the node-link diagrams. Enclosure diagrams are also a space-filling visualization method. However, they use containment rather than adjacency to represent the hierarchy. Similar to the adjacency diagram, the size of the node is easily represented in this model.
1088:"retention" means that the viewer should remember the data presented by the infographic. The order of importance of these provisions depends on the purpose of the infographic. If the infographic is meant to convey information in an unbiased way, such as in the domains of academia or science, comprehension should be considered first, then retention, and finally, appeal. However, if the infographic is being used for commercial purposes, then appeal becomes most important, followed by retention and comprehension. When infographics are being used for editorial purposes, such as in a newspaper, the appeal is again most important but is followed first by comprehension and then retention.
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each other, and depict aggregate patterns. They allow viewers to see overall patterns and individual patterns. However, they do not support negative numbers and make it difficult to accurately interpret trends. An alternative to stacked graphs is small multiples. Instead of stacking each area chart, each series is individually shown so the overall trends of each sector are more easily interpreted. Horizon graphs are a space efficient method to increase the data density of a time-series while preserving resolution.
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the data. Reference graphics are generally icons that can be used to point to certain data, although they are not always found in infographics. Statistics and facts usually serve as the content for infographics and can be obtained from any number of sources, including census data and news reports. One of the most important aspects of infographics is that they contain some sort of insight into the data that they are presenting – this is the knowledge.
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1080:. Each of these can be utilized in its own way to represent relationships between different types of data. However, studies have shown that spatial position is the most effective way to represent numerical data and leads to the fastest and easiest understanding by viewers. Therefore, the designers often spatially represent the most important relationship being depicted in an infographic.
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1269:, on the other hand, completely distort the shape of a region and directly encode a data variable. Instead of using a geographic map, regions are redrawn proportionally to the data. For example, each region can be represented by a circle and the size/color is directly proportional to other information, such as population size.
1261:. Line strokes are used with various widths and colors to help encode information. Choropleth maps, which encode data through color and geographical region, are also commonly used. Graduated symbol maps are another method to represent geographical data. They are an alternative to choropleth map and use symbols, such as
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Network visualization explores relationships, such as friendships and cliques. Three common types are force-directed layout, arc diagrams, and matrix view. Force-directed layouts are a common and intuitive approach to network layout. In this system, nodes are similar to charged particles, which repel
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Many data sets, such as spatial entities of countries or common structures for governments, can be organized into natural hierarchies. Node-link diagrams, adjacency diagrams, and enclosure diagrams are all types of infographics that effectively communicate hierarchical data. Node-link diagrams are a
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that shows percentage changes for a collection of time-series data based on a selected index point. For example, stock investors could use this because they are less concerned with the specific price and more concerned with the rate of growth. Stacked graphs are area charts that are stacked on top of
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While contemporary infographics often deal with "qualitative" or soft subjects, generally speaking, Tufte's 1983 definition still speaks, in a broad sense, to what infographics are, and what they do—which is to condense large amounts of information into a form where it will be more easily absorbed by
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Comparison infographics are a type of visual representation that focuses on comparing and contrasting different elements, such as products, services, options, or features. These infographics are designed to help viewers make informed decisions by presenting information in a clear and concise manner.
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more often use matrix views. Each value has an (x,y) value in the matrix that corresponds to a node. By using color and saturation instead of text, values associated with the links can be perceived rapidly. While this method makes it hard to view the path of the nodes, there are no line crossings,
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The three parts of all infographics are the visual, the content, and the knowledge. The visual consists of colors and graphics. There are two different types of graphics – theme, and reference. These graphics are included in all infographics and represent the underlying visual representation of
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of Data", Tufte began to give day-long lectures and workshops on the subject of infographics starting in 1993. As of 2012, Tufte still gives these lectures. To Tufte, good data visualizations represent every data point accurately and enable a viewer to see trends and patterns in the data. Tufte's
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proposed a graphical argument model, called The
Toulmin Model of Argumentation. The diagram contained six interrelated components used for analyzing arguments and was considered Toulmin's most influential work, particularly in the field of rhetoric, communication, and computer science. The Toulmin
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Data visualizations are often used in infographics and may make up the entire infographic. There are many types of visualizations that can be used to represent the same set of data. Therefore, it is crucial to identify the appropriate visualization for the data set and infographic by taking into
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that need to be assessed when designing an infographic – appeal, comprehension, and retention. "Appeal" is the idea that communication needs to engage its audience. Comprehension implies that the viewer should be able to easily understand the information that is presented to them. And finally,
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newspaper that debuted in 1982, established the goal of using graphics to make information easier to comprehend. However, the paper has received criticism for oversimplifying news stories and for creating infographics that some find emphasizes entertainment over content and data. Tufte coined the
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in Paris, France. In addition to curating 500 photographs of the lives of Black
Americans, Du Bois and his Atlanta University team of students and scholars created 60 handmade data visualizations to document the ways Black Americans were being denied access to education, housing, employment, and
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to represent a pairwise relation among variables. Another statistical distribution approach to visualize multivariate data is parallel coordinates. Rather than graphing every pair of variables in two dimensions, the data is repeatedly plotted on a parallel axis, and corresponding points are then
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However, the appeal and the retention can in practice be put together with the aid of a comprehensible layout design. Recently, as an attempt to study the effect of the layout of an infographic on the comprehension of the viewers, a new Neural
Network-based cognitive load estimation method was
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applied on different types of common layouts for the infographic design. When the varieties of factors listed above are taken into consideration when designing infographics, they can be a highly efficient and effective way to convey large amounts of information in a visual manner.
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Infographics are finding a home in the classroom as well. Courses that teach students to create their own infographics using a variety of tools may encourage engagement in the classroom and may lead to a better understanding of the concepts they are mapping onto the graphics.
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Diagrams can be manually created and drawn using software, which can be downloaded for the desktop or used online. Templates can be used to get users started on their diagrams. Additionally, the software allows users to collaborate on diagrams in real time over the
Internet.
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each other. Links are used to pull related nodes together. Arc diagrams are one-dimensional layouts of nodes with circular arcs linking each node. When used properly, with good order in nodes, cliques and bridges are easily identified in this layout. Alternatively,
853:, a pair of gold-anodized aluminum plaques, each featuring a pictorial message. The pictorial messages included nude male and female figures as well as symbols that were intended to provide information about the origin of the spacecraft. The images were designed by
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Modern maps, especially route maps for transit systems, use infographic techniques to integrate a variety of information, such as the conceptual layout of the transit network, transfer points, and local landmarks. Public transportation maps, such as those for the
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in the 1970s, 1980s, and 1990s were some of the key factors in encouraging newspapers to use more infographics. Sullivan is also one of the few authors who have written about information graphics in newspapers. Likewise, the staff artists at USA Today, the
1002:. The maestro system is designed to improve the presentation of stories for busy readers of media. Many news-based websites have also used interactive information graphics in which the user can extract information on a subject as they explore the graphic.
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When designing the visual aspect of an infographic, a number of considerations must be made to optimize the effectiveness of the visualization. The six components of visual encoding are spatial, marks, connection, enclosure, retinal properties, and
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and text. Some modern infographics do not even contain data visualization, and instead are simply a colorful and succinct ways to present knowledge. Fifty-three percent of the 30 most-viewed infographics on the infographic sharing site
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used animated infographics as an advertising tactic. Both of these videos and the attention they received have conveyed to other fields the potential value of using information graphics to describe complex information efficiently.
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Infographics have been around for many years and recently the increase of the number of easy-to-use, free tools have made the creation of infographics available to a large segment of the population. Social media sites such as
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against each other. This allows the viewer to see if the plot values are similar and if the two are linearly related. SPLOM is a technique that represents the relationships among multiple variables. It uses multiple
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1213:, stem-and-leaf plots can be helpful. The numbers are binned based on the first significant digit, and within each stack binned again based on the second significant digit. On the other hand, Q–Q plots compare two
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to improve conditions in military hospitals. The principal one she used was the
Coxcomb chart, a combination of stacked bar and pie charts, depicting the number and causes of deaths during each month of the
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With the popularity of social media, infographics have become popular, often as static images or simple web interfaces, covering any number of topics. Such infographics are often shared between users of
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In newspapers, infographics are commonly used to show the weather, as well as maps, site plans, and graphs for summaries of data. Some books are almost entirely made up of information graphics, such as
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Card, S. (2009). Information visualization. In A. Sears & J. A. Jacko (Eds.), Human-Computer
Interaction: Design Issues, Solutions, and Applications (pp. 510–543). Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press.
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image: the army's direction as they traveled, the location the troops passed through, the size of the army as troops died from hunger and wounds, and the freezing temperatures they experienced.
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intended to present information quickly and clearly. They can improve cognition by using graphics to enhance the human visual system's ability to see patterns and trends. Similar pursuits are
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began to incorporate infographics into the viewers' experiences in the early 2000s. One example of infographics usage in television and in pop culture is the 2002 music video by the
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allows entire newsrooms to collaborate and organize a story to successfully incorporate all components. Across many newsrooms, this teamwork-integrated system is applied to improve
638:. His maps included shared frames, agreed map legends, scales, repeatability, and fidelity. Such a map can be considered a "supersign" which combines sign systems—as defined by
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contribution to the field of data visualization and infographics is considered immense, and his design principles can be seen in many websites, magazines, and newspapers today.
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While all of these visualizations can be effectively used on their own, many modern infographics combine multiple types into one graphic, along with other features, such as
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and have become a tool for internet marketers and companies to create content that others will link to, thus possibly boosting a company's reputation and online presence.
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503:, are well-known infographics. Public places such as transit terminals usually have some sort of integrated "signage system" with standardized icons and stylized maps.
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Majooni, Azam; Masood, Mona; Akhavan, Amir (2017-04-03). "An eye-tracking study on the effect of infographic structures on viewer's comprehension and cognitive load".
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this citation in chapter 3: technical possibilities and human potentials and capacities, "a picture is more than 10.000 words", and "10.000 miles equal 10.000 books".
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and published a set of diagrams showing the relationship between chemical bonds and mathematical properties. These were also some of the first mathematical graphs.
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There are also numerous tools to create very specific types of visualizations, such as creating a visualization based on embedded data in the photos on a user's
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1st Berlin
Symposium on Internet and Society, "Learnings from Alexander von Humboldt and Carl Ritter towards the Grand Global Modern Communication Challenges".
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has also incorporated and applied information graphics to news stories. For stories that intend to include text, images, and graphics, the system called the
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and were unique in that their graphical meanings were to be understandable to extraterrestrial beings, who would have no conception of human language.
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connected with a line. The advantage of parallel coordinates is that they are relatively compact, allowing many variables to be shown simultaneously.
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induce the viewer to think about the substance rather than about methodology, graphic design, the technology of graphic production, or something else
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948:-based animations on the Internet had made use of many key practices in creating infographics in order to create a variety of products and games.
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Manski, Jackie, "W.E.B. Du Bois’ Visionary
Infographics Come Together for the First Time in Full Color", smithsonianmag.com, November 15, 2018.
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have also allowed for individual infographics to be spread among many people around the world. Infographics are widely used in the age of short
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Many businesses use infographics as a medium for communicating with and attracting potential customers. Information graphics are a form of
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becoming ubiquitous in computing in the 21st century, data visualizations have been applied to commonly used computer systems, including
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consideration graphical features such as position, size, shape, and color. There are primarily five types of visualization categories –
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has made numerous infographics to help people learn about their faith, missionaries, temples, lay ministry, and family history efforts.
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Comparison infographics can be highly effective in simplifying complex data and highlighting key differences between multiple items.
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for each area, over a map. This map allows for more dimensions to be represented using various shapes, sizes, and colors.
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Romano, Andrew, "How Master
Information Designer Edward Tufte Can Help Obama Govern", thedailybeast.com, March 9, 2010.
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Statistical distributions reveal trends based on how numbers are distributed. Common examples include histograms and
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967:." The video was composed entirely of animated infographics. Similarly, in 2004, a television commercial for the
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manifesto, a document covering art, culture, poetry, film, and political theory. The included works also called
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from 1926 to 1934. Here simple images were used to represent data in a structured way. Following the victory of
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to refer to graphics that are visually appealing to the point of losing the information contained within them.
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Funkhouser, H. Gray (1937). "Historical
Development of the Graphical Representation of Statistical Data".
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Infographics are effective because of their visual element. Humans receive input from all five of their
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data. Indeed graphics can be more precise and revealing than conventional statistical computations.
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Computer Graphics in the Environmental Sector – Possibilities and Limitations of Data-visualisation
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Freymann-Weyr, Jeffrey, "Edward Tufte, Offering 'Beautiful Evidence'", NPR.org, August 20, 2006.
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2192:"Why you should build your infographics in HTML5 and CSS3.". Paul Rouget. Retrieved 2012-07-10.
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Milestones in the History of Thematic Cartography, Statistical Graphics and Data Visualization
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Jason Lankow, Josh Ritchie, Ross Crooks (2012). Infographics: The Power of Visual Storytelling
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A chart attempting to depict business expectations about emerging technologies as of July 2009
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are an early example of infographics conveying information quickly and easily to the masses.
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Heiner Benking (1981–1988) Requisite inquiry and time-line: computer graphics-infographics
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Hankins, Thomas L. (1999). "Blood, Dirt, and Nomograms: A Particular History of Graphs".
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Khazan, Olga, "How can businesses use infographics?", washingtonpost.com, April 8, 2012.
1710:"The Power of Infographics: Using Pictures to Communicate and Connect with your audience"
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In 1900, the African-American historian, sociologist, writer, and Black rights activist,
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www.epra.com/media/Real_estate_in_the_real_economy_-_EPRA_INREV_report_1353577808132.PDF
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The Power of Infographics: Using Pictures to Communicate and Connect with Your Audiences
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Model of Argumentation became influential in argumentation theory and its applications.
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reveal the data at several levels of detail, from a broad overview to the fine structure
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Painting as a weapon : progressive Cologne 1920–1933 : Siewert, Hoerle, Arntz
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Circle graph shows percentage of African Americans and whites in various occupations.
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serve a reasonably clear purpose: description, exploration, tabulation, or decoration
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are also an example of simple infographics used to convey news and current events.
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Van Slembrouck, Paul, "Analyzing the Top 30 Infographics on Visually", June 2012.
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developed an aesthetic approach to art that focused on communicating information.
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be closely integrated with the statistical and verbal descriptions of a data set.
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Benking, Heiner, "Using Maps and Models, SuperSigns and SuperStructures", 2005.
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which in a large and highly connected network can quickly become too cluttered.
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1861 saw the release of an influential information graphic on the subject of
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graph showing the numerical distribution of petal lengths(cm) recorded from
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Visualizing Information for Advocacy: An Introduction to Information Design
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A stacked graph showing the changing distribution of processor families in
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Religious denominations have also started using infographics. For example,
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Information visualization: Infographics from a linguistic point of view.
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Infographics can be created by hand using simple everyday tools such as
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showing the final electoral results of the 2008 US presidential election
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Series Visual Learning, vol. 4. Frankfurt: Peter Lang, pp. 99−109.
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Visual Explanations: Images and Quantities, Evidence and Narrative
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Aparicio, Manuela; Costa, Carlos J. (2015). "Data visualization".
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Visual Explanations: Images and Quantities, Evidence and Narrative
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Playfair's Commercial and Political Atlas and Statistical Breviary
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Visual Access Strategies for Multi-Dimensional Objects and Issues
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introduced the term "graph" in 1878 in the scientific magazine
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W. E. B. Du Bois's Data Portraits: Visualizing Black America
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Information Graphics: A Comprehensive Illustrated Reference
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Heer, Jeffrey; Bostock, Michael; Ogievetsky, Vadim (2010).
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2036:(translation, Uta Hoffman ed.). Köln: Walther König.
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Biggs, Norman; Lloyd, E. Keith; Wilson, Robin J. (1998).
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Closely related to the field of information graphics is
2235:"SEO Guide to Creating Viral Linkbait and Infographics"
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defines "graphical displays" in the following passage:
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Infographic with a title and colour groupings labelled
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With the rise of alternatives to Adobe Flash, such as
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encourage the eye to compare different pieces of data
2360:
1856:
1257:. Time and space can be depicted through the use of
1139:
Time-series data is one of the most common forms of
1434:. However, today they are more often created using
2061:
1634:
1632:
1630:
1628:
1626:
1624:
1622:
1620:
1902:. Cheshire, Connecticut: Graphics Press. p.
1764:. Cheshire, Connecticut: Graphics Press. p.
634:Around 1820, modern geography was established by
3634:
2704:Jason Lankow, Josh Ritchie, Ross Crooks (2012).
2000:. Massachusetts: Princeton Architectural Press.
1996:Battle-Baptiste, Whitney; Rusert, Britt (2018).
1964:
2267:The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
2206:
1989:
1617:
1014:The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
2707:Infographics: The Power of Visual Storytelling
2634:The Visual Display of Quantitative Information
2095:The Visual Display of Quantitative Information
1899:The Visual Display of Quantitative Information
1761:The Visual Display of Quantitative Information
874:The Visual Display of Quantitative Information
799:where they continued their work rebranding it
508:The Visual Display of Quantitative Information
2756:
2683:In: Benedek, András − Nyíri, Kristóf (eds.):
2437:
830:, are a synthesis of writing and visual art.
380:
2214:"The Anatomy of Creating Great Infographics"
1301:representing the mathematical Farey sequence
1185:, which convey statistical features such as
748:
660:illustrating causes of mortality during the
627:, he is credited with introducing the first
27:Graphic visual representation of information
1381:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
603:. To represent the economy of 18th century
592:demonstrating the Sun's rotation patterns.
2763:
2749:
2733:Visual Display of Quantitative Information
1813:
1342:
387:
373:
2690:Sandra Rendgen, Julius Wiedemann (2012).
2395:
2227:
1656:
1596:
1401:Learn how and when to remove this message
1083:There are also three basic provisions of
936:, which is the creation of infographics.
849:spacecraft included on their vessels the
528:avoid distorting what the data has to say
2636:. Edition, Cheshire, CT: Graphics Press.
2347:
2345:
2285:
2283:
2177:
1686:"Infographics; a form of visual content"
1580:Public Relations Writing: Form and Style
1304:
1293:
1276:
1240:
1165:
1126:
1055:
734:
683:
648:
569:Information visualization § History
29:
2575:
2506:. Paris: Mouton/Gauthier-Villars, 1967.
1790:"Conserving a Classic Book on Sunspots"
14:
3635:
1670:
1668:
1641:"A tour through the visualization zoo"
1592:
1590:
1588:
672:used information graphics to persuade
2744:
2440:Communication Design Quarterly Review
2342:
2280:
2118:
2088:
2056:
1892:
1757:
1683:
1515:List of information graphics software
1095:
747:presented data visualizations at the
531:present many numbers in a small space
2317:
2031:
2025:
1379:adding citations to reliable sources
1346:
1253:Maps are a natural way to represent
1205:, scatter plot matrices (SPLOM) and
841:In 1972 and 1973, respectively, the
781:Gesellschafts- und Wirtschaftsmuseum
607:, Playfair used statistical graphs,
1665:
1585:
1578:Doug Newsom and Jim Haynes (2004).
1572:
1460:A picture is worth a thousand words
24:
2469:
2305:"The beauty of data visualization"
601:The Commercial and Political Atlas
54:Data and information visualization
25:
3669:
2721:
864:A pioneer in data visualization,
2098:(2nd ed.). Graphics Press.
1351:
573:
2646:. Cheshire, CT: Graphics Press.
2477:http://benking.de/infographics/
2431:
2420:
2398:"La connaissance est un réseau"
2389:
2354:
2320:"EPRA real economy infographic"
2311:
2297:
2251:
2195:
2186:
2171:
2153:
2142:
2112:
2082:
2050:
2014:
1958:
1949:
1938:
1920:
1886:
1850:
1807:
1119:, hierarchies, and networking.
939:
730:
2553:Information Graphics in Colour
1872:. Cambridge University Press.
1782:
1751:
1733:
1702:
1677:
1480:Data Presentation Architecture
1272:
1155:
1122:
927:Geographic Information Systems
78:Interactive data visualization
13:
1:
2787:Biological data visualization
2537:William S. Cleveland (1993).
2511:The Elements of Graphing Data
2509:William S. Cleveland (1985).
2216:. Venture Harbour. 2013-05-31
2178:Röyksopp (19 November 2008).
1566:
1339:did not contain actual data.
751:Exposition Universelle (1900)
534:make large data sets coherent
2664:Beautiful Evidence. Cheshire
2541:. Summit, NJ: Hobart Press.
2529:Our View of Life is too Flat
2513:. Summit, NJ: Hobart Press.
892:The infographics created by
868:, wrote a series of books –
506:In his 1983 "landmark book"
7:
1684:Zaman, Jazib (2019-05-31).
1452:
1289:
1051:
971:nuclear technology company
783:, where they developed the
453:
10:
3674:
2827:Mathematical visualization
2679:Veszelszki, Ágnes (2014).
2616:. Oxford University Press.
2396:Grandjean, Martin (2014).
1535:Isotype (picture language)
1234:
1159:
1099:
566:
562:
518:Graphical displays should
3505:
3375:
3239:
3193:
3117:
3016:
2985:
2978:
2885:
2822:Information visualization
2807:Educational visualization
2779:
2674:Exploratory Data Analysis
2612:Robert L. Harris (1999).
2363:Information Visualization
1645:Communications of the ACM
1500:Graphic image development
1215:probability distributions
1135:supercomputers since 1996
1113:statistical distributions
749:
707:. The graphic's creator,
424:information visualization
207:Information graphic types
68:Exploratory data analysis
2998:Charles-René de Fourcroy
2847:Scientific visualization
2774:of technical information
2551:Sullivan, Peter. (1993)
2486:Sullivan, Peter. (1987)
2402:Les Cahiers du Numérique
2375:10.1177/1473871617701971
1712:. Mark Smiciklas. 2012.
1597:Smiciklas, Mark (2012).
1520:Scientific visualization
1417:
795:, the team moved to the
440:information architecture
2644:Envisioning Information
2523:Heiner Benking (1993),
2452:10.1145/2721882.2721883
2064:Envisioning Information
1968:Graph Theory, 1736-1936
1745:usatoday30.usatoday.com
1658:10.1145/1743546.1743567
1545:Visualization (graphic)
1343:Comparison infographics
1230:
878:Envisioning Information
691:information graphic of
668:In 1857, English nurse
3418:Christopher R. Johnson
2970:Technical illustration
2857:Software visualization
2694:. Taschen Publishing.
2685:The Power of the Image
2624:Designing Infographics
2570:"Speaking of Graphics"
2414:10.3166/lcn.10.3.37-54
2032:Roth, Lynette (2008).
1758:Tufte, Edward (1983).
1530:Technical illustration
1314:
1302:
1282:
1250:
1211:frequency distribution
1178:
1136:
1061:
740:
719:James Joseph Sylvester
696:
665:
644:Alexander von Humboldt
640:Charles Sanders Peirce
556:
501:London Underground map
88:Inferential statistics
83:Descriptive statistics
39:
3312:Lawrence J. Rosenblum
3125:Edward Walter Maunder
3049:Charles Joseph Minard
2867:User interface design
2842:Product visualization
2666:. CT: Graphics Press.
2558:John Emerson (2008).
2499:Semiology of Graphics
1741:"USA Today Snapshots"
1308:
1297:
1280:
1244:
1183:box-and-whisker plots
1169:
1130:
1059:
738:
709:Charles Joseph Minard
695:'s invasion of Russia
687:
652:
516:
280:Stem-and-leaf display
169:Alexander Osterwalder
33:
3592:Scientific modelling
3567:Information graphics
3307:Clifford A. Pickover
3257:William S. Cleveland
3165:Henry Norris Russell
3150:Howard G. Funkhouser
3094:Florence Nightingale
3059:Francis Amasa Walker
2955:Statistical graphics
2877:Volume visualization
2852:Social visualization
2692:Information Graphics
2504:Semiologie Graphique
1525:Statistical graphics
1375:improve this section
1207:parallel coordinates
1176:Iris flower data set
1162:Statistical graphics
761:Cologne Progressives
670:Florence Nightingale
658:Florence Nightingale
625:Statistical Breviary
585:Rosa Ursina sive Sol
485:. The Snapshots in
432:statistical graphics
93:Statistical graphics
45:Part of a series on
3572:Information science
3535:in computer science
3327:Sheelagh Carpendale
3262:George G. Robertson
3099:Karl Wilhelm Pohlke
3034:André-Michel Guerry
2910:Graph of a function
2905:Engineering drawing
2533:FAW Report TR-93019
2330:on 13 December 2012
2318:Turnbull, Dominic.
2293:. 18 November 2009.
1971:. Clarendon Press.
1324:computer scientists
1199:stem-and-leaf plots
870:Visual Explanations
482:The Way Things Work
351:Regression analysis
18:Information graphic
3612:Volume cartography
3376:Early 21st century
3272:Catherine Plaisant
3267:Bruce H. McCormick
3221:Mary Eleanor Spear
3211:Arthur H. Robinson
3145:Arthur Lyon Bowley
3118:Early 20th century
2965:Technical drawings
2837:Molecular graphics
2812:Flow visualization
2802:Data visualization
2555:. IFRA, Darmstadt.
2490:. IFRA, Darmstadt.
2488:Newspaper Graphics
2182:– via Vimeo.
2165:2015-09-07 at the
2128:. Graphics Press.
1510:Information design
1505:Graphic organizers
1485:Data visualization
1315:
1303:
1283:
1251:
1179:
1141:data visualization
1137:
1102:Data visualization
1096:Data visualization
1062:
963:, for their song "
944:By the year 2000,
934:information design
923:desktop publishing
882:The New York Times
793:Austrian Civil War
773:Augustin Tschinkel
756:household wealth.
741:
697:
666:
654:Polar area diagram
580:Christoph Scheiner
444:mass communication
436:information design
428:data visualization
73:Information design
40:
3630:
3629:
3607:Visual perception
3557:Graphic organizer
3530:Computer graphics
3501:
3500:
3483:Martin Wattenberg
3458:Hanspeter Pfister
3413:Martin Krzywinski
3337:Jock D. Mackinlay
3317:Thomas A. DeFanti
3240:Late 20th century
3160:Ejnar Hertzsprung
2862:Technical drawing
2716:978-1-118-31404-3
2700:978-3-8365-2879-5
2676:. Addison-Wesley.
2670:John Wilder Tukey
2547:978-0-9634884-0-4
2519:978-1-58465-512-1
2135:978-0-9613921-2-3
2105:978-0-9613921-4-7
2075:978-0-9613921-1-6
2043:978-3-86560-398-2
2007:978-1-6168970-6-2
1913:978-0-9613921-4-7
1879:978-0-521-85554-9
1858:Playfair, William
1775:978-0-9613921-4-7
1475:Digital dashboard
1436:computer software
1411:
1410:
1403:
1255:geographical data
1078:temporal encoding
1007:content marketing
807:(ИЗОСТАТ) in the
397:
396:
356:Statistical model
346:Visual perception
121:Important figures
16:(Redirected from
3665:
3617:Volume rendering
3602:Visual analytics
3597:Spatial analysis
3577:Misleading graph
3428:David McCandless
3403:Gordon Kindlmann
3367:Alfred Inselberg
3362:Leland Wilkinson
3297:Michael Friendly
3231:Howard T. Fisher
3194:Mid 20th century
3135:W. E. B. Du Bois
3039:William Playfair
3029:Adolphe Quetelet
3003:Joseph Priestley
2986:Pre-19th century
2983:
2982:
2950:Skeletal formula
2817:Geovisualization
2792:Chemical imaging
2765:
2758:
2751:
2742:
2741:
2609:
2562:. New York: OSI.
2539:Visualizing Data
2531:", WFSF, Turku,
2464:
2463:
2435:
2429:
2424:
2418:
2417:
2393:
2387:
2386:
2358:
2352:
2349:
2340:
2339:
2337:
2335:
2326:. Archived from
2315:
2309:
2308:
2301:
2295:
2294:
2287:
2278:
2277:
2276:
2274:
2255:
2249:
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2183:
2175:
2169:
2157:
2151:
2146:
2140:
2139:
2120:Tufte, Edward R.
2116:
2110:
2109:
2090:Tufte, Edward R.
2086:
2080:
2079:
2067:
2058:Tufte, Edward R.
2054:
2048:
2047:
2029:
2023:
2018:
2012:
2011:
1993:
1987:
1986:
1962:
1956:
1953:
1947:
1942:
1936:
1935:
1930:. Archived from
1924:
1918:
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1890:
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1811:
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1615:
1614:
1594:
1583:
1576:
1550:News Illustrated
1406:
1399:
1395:
1392:
1386:
1355:
1347:
1237:Geovisualization
898:The Sunday Times
754:
753:
689:Charles Minard's
597:William Playfair
497:Washington Metro
404:clipped compound
389:
382:
375:
361:Misleading graph
184:Leland Wilkinson
159:David McCandless
60:Major dimensions
42:
41:
36:Washington Metro
21:
3673:
3672:
3668:
3667:
3666:
3664:
3663:
3662:
3633:
3632:
3631:
3626:
3622:Information art
3562:Imaging science
3507:
3497:
3478:Fernanda Viégas
3473:Moritz Stefaner
3398:Jessica Hullman
3371:
3342:Alan MacEachren
3292:Ben Shneiderman
3235:
3189:
3113:
3012:
2974:
2887:
2881:
2832:Medical imaging
2775:
2769:
2738:
2724:
2660:Edward R. Tufte
2650:Edward R. Tufte
2640:Edward R. Tufte
2630:Edward R. Tufte
2626:. Hayden Books.
2472:
2470:Further reading
2467:
2436:
2432:
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2176:
2172:
2167:Wayback Machine
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1564:
1555:Maestro Concept
1455:
1430:, markers, and
1420:
1407:
1396:
1390:
1387:
1372:
1356:
1345:
1292:
1275:
1239:
1233:
1164:
1158:
1145:small multiples
1125:
1104:
1098:
1054:
1026:social networks
1000:time management
996:maestro concept
942:
919:raster graphics
915:vector graphics
851:Pioneer Plaques
835:Stephen Toulmin
733:
713:two-dimensional
705:march on Moscow
623:. In his work,
576:
571:
565:
456:
393:
305:Marimekko chart
134:Ben Shneiderman
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3671:
3661:
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3655:
3650:
3648:Graphic design
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3628:
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3619:
3614:
3609:
3604:
3599:
3594:
3589:
3587:Patent drawing
3584:
3579:
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3569:
3564:
3559:
3554:
3552:Graphic design
3549:
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3538:
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3509:
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3493:Hadley Wickham
3490:
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3448:Tamara Munzner
3445:
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3347:David Goodsell
3344:
3339:
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3332:Cynthia Brewer
3329:
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3226:Edgar Anderson
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3201:Jacques Bertin
3197:
3195:
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3155:John B. Peddle
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3112:
3111:
3109:Francis Galton
3106:
3104:Toussaint Loua
3101:
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3084:Georg von Mayr
3081:
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3074:Matthew Sankey
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2942:
2940:Sankey diagram
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2872:Visual culture
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2723:
2722:External links
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2610:
2590:10.1086/384241
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2521:
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2494:Jacques Bertin
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2369:(3): 257–266.
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2259:"Infographics"
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1934:on 2012-10-06.
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1862:Wainer, Howard
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1828:10.1086/368480
1806:
1794:The Huntington
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1320:mathematicians
1311:social network
1291:
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1235:Main article:
1232:
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1160:Main article:
1157:
1154:
1124:
1121:
1100:Main article:
1097:
1094:
1053:
1050:
941:
938:
894:Peter Sullivan
818:published the
745:W.E.B. Du Bois
732:
729:
703:'s disastrous
674:Queen Victoria
582:published the
575:
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313:Related topics
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3079:Charles Booth
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3052:
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3044:August Kekulé
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3032:
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3024:Charles Dupin
3022:
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3019:
3015:
3009:
3008:Gaspard Monge
3006:
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2999:
2996:
2994:
2993:Edmond Halley
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2798:
2797:Crime mapping
2795:
2793:
2790:
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2773:
2772:Visualization
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2620:Eric K. Meyer
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2017:
2009:
2003:
1999:
1992:
1984:
1982:9780198539162
1978:
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1970:
1969:
1961:
1952:
1946:
1941:
1933:
1929:
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1895:
1894:Tufte, Edward
1889:
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1365:
1360:This section
1358:
1354:
1349:
1348:
1340:
1338:
1333:
1332:illustrations
1328:
1325:
1321:
1313:visualization
1312:
1307:
1300:
1296:
1287:
1279:
1270:
1268:
1264:
1260:
1256:
1248:
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1225:
1224:scatter plots
1220:
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1093:
1089:
1086:
1085:communication
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1017:
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1008:
1003:
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997:
993:
990:The field of
988:
986:
982:
977:
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966:
962:
959:musicians of
958:
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928:
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920:
916:
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904:
903:United States
899:
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875:
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867:
862:
860:
856:
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848:
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839:
836:
831:
829:
828:hypergraphics
825:
821:
817:
812:
810:
806:
802:
798:
794:
790:
789:Austrofascism
786:
785:Vienna Method
782:
778:
774:
770:
766:
762:
757:
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746:
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728:
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641:
637:
632:
630:
626:
622:
618:
614:
610:
606:
602:
598:
593:
591:
590:illustrations
587:
586:
581:
574:Early history
570:
560:
555:
553:
545:
542:
539:
536:
533:
530:
527:
524:
522:show the data
521:
520:
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502:
498:
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271:
270:Control chart
268:
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150:
149:Simon Wardley
147:
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137:
135:
132:
130:
127:
126:
125:
124:
120:
119:
114:
111:
109:
106:
104:
103:Data analysis
101:
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91:
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84:
81:
79:
76:
74:
71:
69:
66:
65:
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63:
59:
58:
55:
52:
51:
48:
44:
43:
37:
32:
19:
3653:Infographics
3643:Illustration
3582:Neuroimaging
3566:
3542:CPK coloring
3525:Color coding
3463:Hans Rosling
3443:Miriah Meyer
3408:Aaron Koblin
3393:Jeffrey Heer
3287:Edward Tufte
3282:Pat Hanrahan
3252:Nigel Holmes
3130:Otto Neurath
3069:Oliver Byrne
3017:19th century
2737:
2706:
2691:
2684:
2673:
2663:
2653:
2643:
2633:
2623:
2613:
2584:(1): 50–80.
2581:
2577:
2552:
2538:
2510:
2503:
2497:
2487:
2443:
2439:
2433:
2422:
2408:(3): 37–54.
2405:
2401:
2391:
2366:
2362:
2356:
2332:. Retrieved
2328:the original
2323:
2313:
2299:
2271:, retrieved
2269:, 2012-10-16
2262:
2253:
2242:. Retrieved
2229:
2218:. Retrieved
2208:
2197:
2188:
2173:
2155:
2144:
2124:
2114:
2094:
2084:
2063:
2052:
2033:
2027:
2016:
1997:
1991:
1967:
1960:
1951:
1940:
1932:the original
1922:
1898:
1888:
1869:
1852:
1819:
1815:
1809:
1797:. Retrieved
1793:
1784:
1760:
1753:
1744:
1735:
1723:. Retrieved
1704:
1693:. Retrieved
1689:
1679:
1651:(6): 59–67.
1648:
1644:
1599:
1579:
1574:
1465:Argument map
1444:
1440:
1421:
1412:
1397:
1388:
1373:Please help
1361:
1329:
1316:
1284:
1252:
1217:by graphing
1180:
1138:
1105:
1090:
1082:
1074:
1067:
1063:
1022:
1018:
1011:
1004:
989:
978:
950:
943:
940:21st century
931:
912:
891:
877:
873:
869:
866:Edward Tufte
863:
840:
832:
824:metagraphics
816:Isidore Isou
813:
809:Soviet Union
777:Otto Neurath
758:
742:
731:20th century
722:
717:
698:
667:
633:
624:
600:
594:
583:
577:
559:the reader.
557:
551:
549:
517:
512:Edward Tufte
507:
505:
493:
486:
480:
473:
457:
399:
398:
260:Bubble chart
240:Pareto chart
230:Scatter plot
194:Jeffrey Heer
189:Mike Bostock
164:Kim Albrecht
154:Hans Rosling
144:Edward Tufte
113:Data science
107:
3658:News design
3515:Cartography
3453:Ade Olufeko
3423:Manuel Lima
3352:Kwan-Liu Ma
3277:Stuart Card
3247:Borden Dent
3185:Erwin Raisz
3140:Henry Gantt
2656:. Cheshire,
2479:see there:
2180:"Remind Me"
1866:Spence, Ian
1822:: 269–404.
1560:Family tree
1424:graph paper
1299:Arc diagram
1273:Hierarchies
1156:Statistical
1123:Time-series
1109:time-series
946:Adobe Flash
859:Frank Drake
797:Netherlands
679:Crimean War
662:Crimean War
636:Carl Ritter
617:area charts
613:line graphs
408:information
400:Infographic
326:Information
108:Infographic
3637:Categories
3438:John Maeda
3216:John Tukey
3180:Harry Beck
3175:Fritz Kahn
2925:Photograph
2334:6 December
2244:2012-07-19
2220:2013-10-27
1799:29 October
1695:2019-06-14
1690:TechEngage
1567:References
1490:Edugraphic
1447:smartphone
1267:Cartograms
1263:pie charts
1149:line chart
992:journalism
953:television
951:Likewise,
855:Carl Sagan
847:Pioneer 11
843:Pioneer 10
769:Peter Alma
765:Gerd Arntz
621:histograms
609:bar charts
567:See also:
250:Area chart
215:Line chart
199:Ihab Ilyas
174:Ed Hawkins
139:John Tukey
47:Statistics
38:subway map
3520:Chartjunk
3488:Bang Wong
3383:Polo Chau
3089:John Snow
3064:John Venn
2945:Schematic
2930:Pictogram
2710:. Wiley.
2606:144376938
2566:Paul Lewi
2263:Newsroom
2239:Distilled
2092:(2001) .
1844:145013441
1391:July 2023
1362:does not
1337:visual.ly
1259:flow maps
1247:cartogram
1219:quantiles
1203:Q–Q plots
1172:histogram
1038:Pinterest
965:Remind Me
957:Norwegian
908:chartjunk
629:pie chart
595:In 1786,
578:In 1626,
550:Graphics
488:USA Today
420:knowledge
341:Chartjunk
295:Sparkline
285:Cartogram
275:Run chart
245:Pie chart
225:Histogram
220:Bar chart
3506:Related
2915:Ideogram
2672:(1977).
2662:(2006).
2652:(1997).
2642:(1990).
2632:(1983).
2622:(1997).
2568:(2006).
2496:(1983).
2460:39594890
2446:: 7–11.
2383:51871538
2273:17 April
2163:Archived
2122:(1997).
2060:(1990).
1896:(1983).
1868:(2005).
1725:July 17,
1582:. p.236.
1540:Timeline
1453:See also
1290:Networks
1195:outliers
1052:Analysis
1030:Facebook
1028:such as
961:Röyksopp
886:da Vinci
884:as the "
833:In 1958
820:Lettrist
814:In 1942
801:Isotypes
779:for the
701:Napoleon
693:Napoleon
499:and the
461:Facebook
454:Overview
448:Isotypes
412:graphics
336:Database
331:Big data
255:Tree map
235:Box plot
3388:Ben Fry
2900:Diagram
1603:. Que.
1428:pencils
1383:removed
1368:sources
1042:Google+
1034:Twitter
929:(GIS).
805:IZOSTAT
791:in the
605:England
563:History
465:Twitter
410:" and "
3508:topics
2979:People
2886:Image
2780:Fields
2714:
2698:
2604:
2598:237474
2596:
2545:
2517:
2458:
2381:
2132:
2102:
2072:
2040:
2004:
1979:
1910:
1876:
1842:
1836:301591
1834:
1816:Osiris
1772:
1716:
1607:
1470:Charts
1432:rulers
1193:, and
1191:median
1133:TOP500
1111:data,
1070:senses
1046:Reddit
981:HTML 5
969:French
876:, and
724:Nature
664:(1857)
619:, and
552:reveal
2960:Table
2895:Chart
2888:types
2602:S2CID
2594:JSTOR
2456:S2CID
2379:S2CID
1973:p. 65
1840:S2CID
1832:JSTOR
1418:Tools
973:Areva
913:With
906:term
438:, or
418:, or
300:Table
2935:Plot
2712:ISBN
2696:ISBN
2578:Isis
2543:ISBN
2527:/ "
2515:ISBN
2336:2012
2275:2014
2130:ISBN
2100:ISBN
2070:ISBN
2038:ISBN
2002:ISBN
1977:ISBN
1908:ISBN
1874:ISBN
1801:2019
1770:ISBN
1727:2017
1714:ISBN
1605:ISBN
1366:any
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