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the Satluj opposite Rupar, it was morning and the Afghan army was hardly gone 3 km from the western bank of the Satluj, when they attacked by the Sikhs, The
Afghans immediately stopped marching and got into regular formation of battle, Ahmad Shah Durrani was in the center with 6,000 choice soldiers, Shah Vali Khan, Jahan Khan, Shah Pasand Khan, Anzala Khan and others at the head of 12,000 troops were on the right Nasir Khan with 12,000 Baluchis was on the left, The Dal Khalsa also organised themselves in regular battle army Jassa Singh Ahluwalia fearlessly stood like a mountain in the center close by him was Jassa Singh Thokah, looking like a lion in stature, the Qazi says that Ramgarhia has his own flag and war drum. During the seventh invasion, the Sikhs kept away from the main routes and camped in the
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ransom to the
Afghans. Ahmad Shah accepted the ransom and ordered his officers to make sure the Afghan soldiers wouldn't subject the city to plunder. Despite this, some parts of the city were looted by the Afghan forces. Various Guns, artillery, treasure and other goods all fell in the hands of the Afghan forces following their conquest of Lahore. Coins were also minted in the name of Ahmad Shah Durrani. Thousands of Women and Children were enslaved by the Afghans after their conquest of Lahore. The Afghans also conscripted thousands of Punjabis into the Afghan army. Ahmad Shah appointed Jalhe Khan of Kasur as the new governor of Lahore,with Mir Momin Khan as his deputy and Lakhpath Rai as his Diwan. Ahmad Shah stayed in the city of Lahore for 5 weeks and began his plans to advance towards Delhi.
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his soldiers came across the Sikhs, a battle took place for 3 hours which resulted in Jahan Khan's retreat and 5000 to 6000 Afghan soldiers killed and wounded. Upon hearing reports of Jahan Khan's defeat by the Sikhs, Ahmed Shah Abdali left his baggage on the bank of the Beas at
Jalalabad and rushed to assist Jahan Khan, but the Sikhs ended up carrying most of Ahmad Shah's goods. The British were pleased and relieved with the news of Sikh victory as they suspected that Ahmad Shah Abdali's aim for this latest campaign into India, was to assist
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as long as the ruler acknowledged Ahmad's suzerainty over the Punjab, Sindh, and
Kashmir. He installed a puppet Emperor, Alamgir II, on the Mughal throne, and arranged marriages for himself and his son Timur into the Imperial family that same year. Leaving his second son Timur Shah (who was wed to the daughter of Alamgir II) to safeguard his interests, Ahmad finally left India to return to Afghanistan. On his way back, Ahmed Shah captured Amritsar (1757), and sacked the Sikhs' holy temple of Golden Temple.
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the
Durranis, did not open their door and so the non-combatants rushed to the villages of Qutba and Bahmani to seek shelter but the occupants of these villages were the hostile Malerkotla Afghans. On the order of their leader, the Ranghar villagers surrounded and attacked the non-combatants, plundering and massacring them and then moved on to attack the non-combatants outside of their villages but Charat Singh immediately rushed back to protect the remaining non-combatants and drive away the Ranghars.
1649:, the Sikhs made up their minds to wash away the defeat. Ahmad Shah Abdali had returned to Lahore. He sent a person to the Sikh leaders in quality of ambassador to negotiate peace with them and prevent that effusion of blood which their desperate determination threatened to produce. However, when this ambassador arrived at the Sikh camps, instead of listening to his proposals, the Sikhs plundered him and his followers and drove them away. He did not waste any time and arrived at the outskirts of
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to their trenches in complete disorder. The
Afghans now launched a full-scale attack on the Mughal forces which forced Asmatullah Khan to retreat. The various guns and artillery that was stored in the fort of Hazrat Ishan fell in the hands of the Afghan forces. Adina Beg fired cannons and rockets onto the Afghan forces, however the Afghans were able to overpower the resistance offered by the Mughals. Shah Nawaz escaped Lahore and fled towards Delhi. Asmatullah Khan was killed during the battle.
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1022:.Yahya Khan the son of Zakariya Khan was appointed governor of Lahore,and Shah Nawaz was appointed governor of Multan. Yahya Khan's administration over Lahore would soon be challenged by his brother Shah Nawaz,who soon arrived in Lahore on November 1746. Shah Nawaz demanded a complete division of their dead father's property.This dispute over Zakariya Khan's estate resulted in a war between the two brothers and their armies which lasted from November 1746 to March 1747.
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forces.Shah Nawaz agreed to the wazir's request and he now turned hostile towards the
Afghans. Jahan Khan had crossed the Indus river with 8,000 of his men. Shah Nawaz fought the Afghan force and forced Jahan Khan to retreat towards Peshawar,where Jahan Khan waited for Ahmad Shah's forces to arrive. Ahmad Shah entered the Punjab and occupied the fort of
1081:. When he heard news of Shah Nawaz changing his allegiance to the Mughals, he sent Sabir Shah and Muhammad Yar Khan to Lahore. However Shah Nawaz felt insulted by the remarks made by Sabir Shah and ordered him to be executed, while Muhammad Yar Khan was let go. Hearing news of Sabir Shah's execution,Ahmad Shah began his march towards the city of
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invaded India eight times from 1748 to 1767. The frequency of his repeated invasions reflected his "tireless energy, ambition" and purpose. It was "necessary" for Abdali to invade a "rich but poorly defended neighbouring country" India to plunder and exploit her resources. He also wanted to establish
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As early as by the end of 1761, the Sikhs had begun to occupy much of Punjab. In 1762, Ahmad Shah crossed the passes from
Afghanistan for the sixth time to crush the Sikhs. He assaulted Lahore and Amritsar (the holy city of the Sikhs), massacred thousands of Sikh inhabitants, destroyed their temples
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In
December 1747, Ahmed Shah set out from Peshawar and arrived at the Indus river-crossing at Attock. From there, he sent his messenger to Lahore but reception from Shah Nawaz was frosty. When Ahmed Shah reached the bank of the Ravi on 8 January 1748, the Lahore army of 70,000 prepared to oppose the
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In 1747, Ahmad Shah then began his career as head of the Abdali tribe by capturing Ghazni from the
Ghilzai Pashtuns, and then wresting Kabul from the local ruler, and thus strengthened his hold over most of present-day Afghanistan. Leadership of the various Afghan tribes rested mainly on the ability
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In 1765, Ahmad Shah Durrani invaded India for seventh time in the winter of 1764–1765, During this campaign he constantly harassed by Sikhs, Qazi Nur Muhammad who was present in the Afghan army describes the numbers of engagements between Sikhs and Afghans, a battle was fought on the western bank of
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to come to their rescue. Several Durrani fighters were killed by the Sikhs while trying to protect the cordon where Qasim Khan fled the battle with his troops to Malerkotla. Many non-combatants upon reaching the village of Gahal, pleaded for shelter but the villagers in fear of the repercussion from
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Ahmad Shah Durrani and the Afghan forces entered Lahore on 12 January 1748. The previous members of the Lahore government that had been imprisoned by Shah Nawaz were released by the Afghans. Mir Momin Khan, Lakhpath Rai and Surat Singh all pleaded to Durrani to spare the city from plunder and paid a
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to know the result of the battle.The astrologer told Shah Nawaz that there should not be any fighting that day and to instead attack the Afghans the next day. Shah Nawaz agreed to this advice and told his officers Adina Beg and Diwan Kaura mal not to move out and oppose the Afghan forces and to only
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Then in 1756/57, in what was his fourth invasion of India, Ahmed Shah sacked Delhi looting every corner of that city and enriching himself with what remained of that city's wealth after Nadir Shah's invasion in 1739. However, he did not displace the Mughal dynasty, which remained in nominal control
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On 17 January 1767, Jahan Khan who had already faced many setbacks because of the Sikhs, marched towards Amritsar with 15,000 Afghans soldiers, where he was met by the Sikhs who were alerted of his movements. Battle took place where the Sikhs fell upon Jahan Khan and his forces. When Jahan Khan and
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and Lahore - were to be ceded to Abdali's Afghan empire. Once the treaty was signed, Abdali sent his troops to Multan to take possession of the city and some of his men to Delhi to confirm the treaty with the Mughal emperor Ahmad Shah Bahadur. Bahadur, with advice from the royal advisor Javed Khan,
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soldiers of the Mughal army and began pursuing them into their entrenchments. Asmatullah Khan began calling in for reinforcements.Adina Beg failed in properly reinforcing Asmatullah and Adina Beg soon fled towards Lahore. Some of the Mughal soldiers took this as a sign of a ceasefire, and retreated
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In October 1762, The Sikhs had gathered Amritsar to celebrate Diwali. The Sikhs attacked the Afghans so vehemently and didn't care about their own lives at all. The battle was fought under the grey light of a total solar eclipse. The battle raged furiously from early morning till late night. They
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In twilight Durrani and his allies surprised the Sikhs who numbered about 30,000 with most of them noncombatants. With the Durrani forces outnumbering the Sikhs, the Sikh fighters decided that they would form a cordon around the slow-moving baggage train consisting of women, children and old men.
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Ahmad Shah Durrani had around 18,000 Afghan soldiers under his command,one third of which were from his own tribe. Durrani's army however lacked any artillery and was much smaller compared to the Mughals. Shah Nawaz had around 70,000 Soldiers under his command along with artillery. On 10 January
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In the following years Abdali's face became disfigured due to the wound inflicted on his nose by the flying brick. To cover it up, he got a nose of silver made. As ordained by Providance, maggot's formation took place in his nose, throat and brain. So much so that it became difficult for him to
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Ahmed Shah entered the city on 12 January 1748, and set free Moman Khan and Lakhpat Rai. He then ordered a general massacre. Towards evening, the prominent leaders of the city including Moman Khan, Lakhpat Rai and Surat Singh collected a sum of three million rupees and offered it as expenses to
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Durrani attacked India in 1748. He had faced Mughal, Rajput and Sikh coalitions in Sirhind, Ahmad Shah's Afghan troops swept aside the Mughal army's left flank (of Rajput stock) and raided their baggage train but a fire beginning in a captured rocket cart went on to ignite the Durrani artillery
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The Fifth Invasion was the most crucial of the invasions. In this invasion, the Marathas lost the battle of Panipat and lost Delhi, Punjab, Lahore, Multan and Attock. They lost many civilians and soldiers and Ahmed Shah Durrani freely plundered them. Later, in all his next invasions, he fought
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Adina Beg soon informed the Delhi government of Shah Nawaz's treachery. Qamaruddin Khan was disappointed at hearing the news and soon wrote a letter to Shah Nawaz. In this letter Qamaruddin Khan agreed to recognize Shah Nawaz's control over Lahore on the condition that he oppose Ahmad Shah's
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A secondhand account by the son and nephew of two eyewitnesses describes the Sikhs. "Fighting while moving and moving while fighting, they kept the baggage train marching, covering it as a hen covers its chicks under its wings." More than once, the troops of the invader broke the cordon and
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from the Mughal governor Nasir Khan. After being advised by Adina Beg Khan,Shah Nawaz decided to invite Ahmed Shah for Military help. Ahmed Shah agreed to the request on the condition that Shah Nawaz accept Afghan suzerainty, and he soon began his invasion from Peshawar in December 1747.
1348:. The Marathas routed the Afghans from Lahore by March 1758. Adina became the subedar of Punjab, by promising 75 lakh rupees a year to be paid to Marathas. The Chief Qazi of Lahore fearing Hindu domination by Marathas, invited Ahmed Shah Abdali to Punjab, causing his sixth invasion.
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ended the war with heavy casualties on both sides. Ahmed Shah returned to Kabul, and after ten years the Maratha army recaptured Delhi in 1771, and in 1772 they invaded the Rohilkhand Doab area.The Marathas looted and devastated the lands of the Rohilas and Pathans in Rohilkhand.
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swallow the food. Maggots would slip down his throat. Attendants, tried to feed him milk by spoon but maggots would fall from his nose in the spoon. His condition became miserable and on the night of 16th Oct, 1772 at Toba Maruf in Suilleman hills he met with a terrible end.
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who were trapped in the fort of Ram Rauni were killed. But Abdali was impressed by the "heroic fight" put up by the Mughal governor; so he appointed him as the province's governor on his own behalf. Abdali also conferred him the title "Farzand Khan Bahadur Rustam-e-Hind".
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Syad Muhammad Latif, The History of Punjab from the Remotest Antiquity to the Present Time, New Delhi, Eurasia Publishing House (Pvt.) Ltd., 1964, p. 283; Khushwant Singh, A History of the Sikhs, Volume I: 1469–1839, Delhi, Oxford University Press, 1978, p.
1115:,to oppose Durrani's forces. However instead Jalhe Khan defected to the Afghan side and Joined Ahmad Shah Durrani. Ahmad Shah sent 1,000 of his musketeers to fire upon the Mughal forces and to retreat beyond the enemies range. Shah Nawaz soon consulted a
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to provide booty for the clan, and Ahmed Shah proved remarkably successful in providing both booty and occupation for his followers. Apart from invading the Punjab three times between the years 1747–1753, he captured territory to the west as well.
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1953:"Society - Raiding the raiders -Sikhs warriors of the 18th century adopted guerrilla tactics. They offered tough resistance to the invading Afghan armies of Nadir Shah and Ahmed Shah Abdali by looting them and freeing those enslaved by them"
1194:. Instead of receiving reinforcements, Alamgir authorized the revenues to be given to Ahmad Shah. Helpless, Moin-ul-Mulk had no choice but to accept. The second invasion's relative ease bolstered Ahmad Shah's ambitions in future invasions.
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threatened direct military action against Shah Nawaz. Yahya Khan was also able to escape from Shah Nawaz's captivity and fled towards Delhi. Shah Nawaz soon began looking for foreign help. Shah Nawaz had heard of the military exploits of
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Abdali, requesting him to halt the looting and slaughter. Ahmed Shah appointed Jamal Khan of Qasoor Governor of Lahore, and Lakhpat Rai his minister, and restoring law and order around the town by 18 February, he set out towards Delhi.
1832:, a force of 5,000 Pathans of Qasoor under Jamal Khan defected to his side, and he was able to crush the poorly trained forces of Lahore. Shah Nawaz fled to Delhi, and Adina Beg was equally fast in running away to the Jalandhar area.
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By early afternoon, the fighting cavalcade reached a large pond, the first they had come across since morning. Suddenly the bloodshed ceased as the two forces went to the water to quench their thirst and relax their tired limbs.
1712:(Amritsar) to punish the Sikhs only to find they had deserted the city aside from 30 Sikhs who were left in-charge of the Akal Takht. All of these outnumbered Sikhs were martyred defending the site from the Afghan forces.
993:"political hegemony" in India. During his time, the Mughal empire was disintegrating and he was "eager to step into the shoes of the decadent Mughal authority" to fill up the "political vacuum without any loss of time".
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as a consequence of which he was wounded on the nose by a flying brick piece on April 10, 1762 which wound remained a festering incurable sore till he died of it on October 16, 1772 at Toba Mar in Suleman hills of
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Within two years, the Sikhs rebelled again, and he launched another campaign against them in December 1764. However, he soon had to depart from India and hastened westward to quell an insurrection in Afghanistan.
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1363:'s troops fought against him in Ballabgarh, Chaumunha, Gokul, Kumher and in Bharatpur. At last Abdali had to leave the war and retreat. During this he ruined and looted the holy places of Mathura and Vrindavan.
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The Sikhs finally got their revenge from the Ghalaghura. The Shah left Lahore on 12 December 1762, and Kabuli Mal was appointed governor of Lahore. As for the Sikhs, they had left Amritsar, crossed the
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Aqil sent messengers to Durrani pleading for his help against the Sikhs. The Afghan forces hurried to Jandiala, but by the time they arrived the siege had been lifted and the besiegers were gone.
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On 17 March 1747, Shah Nawaz was able to defeat Yahya Khan and had held him in captivity. Shah Nawaz usurped the governorship over Lahore and appointed Kaura Mal as his diwan and recognized
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against the British. Lord Clive stated that if the Sikhs kept the ongoing of plunder of Abdali's baggage and cutting of his supplies, then Abdali would be ruined and return to his country.
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on 6 April 1932 by Dhanna Singh Chahal 'Patialvi'. Built upon the location where Sikh forces intercepted retreating Durrani invaders and rescued thousands of Hindu females from slavemarkets
1228:. Failing to put up a fight, he surrendered to Abdali on 6 March 1752. After signing the instrument of surrender, Abdali's forces looted and plundered the city. On his orders, nine hundred
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Khwajah Asmatullah Khan, one of the Mughal commanders, had around 10,000 cavalry and 5,000 Musketeers, while Lachin beg another commander had around 5,000 soldiers. According to Historian
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in the mid-18th century. His objectives were met through the raids (taking the wealth and destroying sacred places belonging to the Indians) and deepened the political crisis in India.
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to the effect that if they were desirous of entering his service they should come and join him, but if they had any hostile intentions they should meet him in the field and fight him.
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desert east of their location before returning to confront the invader. When the Afghan leader came to know of the whereabouts of the Sikhs he sent word ahead to his allies in
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On Ahmad Shah's death in 1772 of the cancerous wound said to have been caused on his nose by a flying piece of brick when the Harimandar Sahib was destroyed with gunpowder ...
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to stop their advance. Durrani then in less than 48 hours set about on a rapid march, covering the distance of 240 kilometres (150 mi) and including two river crossings.
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against the Sikhs on every occasion, where he was less successful and the Sikhs became stronger. In the end the Sikhs drove him away from India all the way back to the Indus.
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Later the Sikhs under Hari Singh Nalwa Campaigned against the Afghans in the third phase of the Afghan Sikh wars and they took even the Winter capital of the Afghans
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returned for his sixth campaign of conquest (his fifth being in 1759–1761), Sikh fighters were residing in the town of Jandiala, 18 kilometres (11 mi) east of
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In 1767, Ahmad Shah Durrani Invaded India for the eight time, while Ahamed Shah was crossing the river Beas, his passage was obstructed by Sikhs, On January 1767,
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invader. The Pashtun army crossed over on 10 January and the battle was joined on the 11th. Ahmed Shah had only 30,000 horsemen, and no artillery. But during the
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Advance of the Afghan Durranis under Ahmad Shah into the Indian subcontinent following weakening of Mughal power and ultimate rise of the Sikh Empire
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government to recognize his governorship over the province,and used his captive brother as a bargaining tool. However instead the Mughal emperor
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mercilessly butchered the women, children and elderly inside, but each time the Sikh warriors regrouped and managed to push back the attackers.
1216:, had refused to pay him tax which he had promised to give on a monthly basis. Abdali started the battle by successfully besieging Mannu in the
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to suppress a rebellion. He returned at the end of the month with fresh recruits to confront Abdali, but learned of the treaty and retreated.
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Consequently, Mannu held a reception at Lahore in honour of Abdali. He also signed a peace treaty under which the two territories of Punjab –
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Furthermore, the troops of Adina Beg fought together against Afghans at Hoshiarpur known as the Battle of Mahilpur. Later 20,000 horsemen of
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Detail of a depiction of a Misl-era Sikh cavalry warrior from a map of the Lahore Subah commissioned by Jean Baptiste Joseph Gentil, ca.1770
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was killed. Jassa Singh also paid a visit to Darbar Sahib at Amritsar, and restored it to its original shape after defilement by Durrani.
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Meanwhile, in the preceding three years, the Sikhs had occupied the city of Lahore, and Ahmed Shah had to return in 1751 to oust them.
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both decided to stop for the night and fight the next day. During the night Ahmad Shah Abdali and his forces had retreated to Lahore.
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Detail of a depiction of a Durrani Afghan horseman from a map of the Lahore Subah commissioned by Jean Baptiste Joseph Gentil, ca.1770
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1748, Durrani and his army camped near the Shalamar gardens. The Afghan and Mughal Forces would fight one another on 11 January 1748.
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Narrative of the late Victorious Campaigns in Afghanistan: under General Pollock; with recollections of seven years' service in India
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to Delhi in 1739, and had seen the weakness of the ruler there. To pay for the maintenance of the army, he had to conquer new lands.
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store, roasting thousands of soldiers alive and forcing Ahmad Shah Durrani's retreat. After the retreat of Durrani, Sikh bands under
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on 16 October 1772 as a result of the injury he sustained while horse-riding in Kabul or demolishing the Golden Temple in Amritsar.
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1552:. The place was the home of Aqil, the head of the Nirinjania sect, a friend of the Afghans, and an inveterate enemy of the Sikhs.
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Seeking to avenge his defeat in the first invasion, Ahmad Shah launched his second invasion in December 1749, crossing the
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The battle was fought between the Nihang Sikhs of the Shaheedan Misl and the Afghans. The Afghans killed the Sikh leader,
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continued to harass them as they retreated to Kabul. he had to return home in failure. He lost to the Mughal soldiers,
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Then they would make their way to the desert in the south-west by the town of Barnala, where they expected their ally
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donations to go towards rebuilding the recently desecrated and destroyed Golden Temple, dated 12 April 1759
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put his seal on the treaty on 3 April, which cut Punjab from the Mughal empire. At that time, the
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1850:"Marathas and Sikhs," by Giulio Ferrario, from 'Il costume antico e moderno', Florence, 1824
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Nalwa, V. (2009), Hari Singh Nalwa - Champion of the Khalsaji, New Delhi: Manohar, p. 228,
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The Mughal Subah Of Lahore 1581 To 1751 A Study In Administrative Structure And Practices
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The Mughal Subah Of Lahore 1581 To 1751 A Study In Administrative Structure And Practices
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Details of a Faizabad-style painting of the Third Battle of Panipat, Mughal, ca.1761–1770
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The Sikh fighters had retreated with the view of taking their families to safety in the
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Following their victory, the Sikhs destroyed the Afghan royal court and the fort of
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Overview of 18th-century Afghan military conquests in India under Ahmad Shah Durrani
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Afghanistan at war : from the 18th-century Durrani dynasty to the 21st century
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Remnants of the Sikh empire : historical Sikh monuments in India and Pakistan
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History Of The Sikhs Vol. IV The Sikh Commonwealth Or Rise And Fall Of Sikh Misls
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A History Of The Sikhs From The Origin Of The Nation To The Battles Of The Sutlej
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When Sparrows Became Hawks: The Making of the Sikh Warrior Tradition, 1699–1799
3314:
2665:
The Pearl in Its Midst: Herat and the Mapping of Khurasan (15th-19th Centuries)
1619:
1294:
1208:
In the winter of 1751, he invaded India for the third time on the pretext that
958:
279:
264:
3774:
3634:. Asia Publishing House and online by Cambridge University Press. p. 315.
3941:
3510:
Afghanistan at War: From the 18th-Century Durrani Dynasty to the 21st Century
3268:
Afghanistan at War: From the 18th-Century Durrani Dynasty to the 21st Century
2096:
2047:
1998:
1737:
1646:
1607:
1522:
1306:
1155:
1151:
1045:
982:
966:
555:
413:
269:
3688:
1332:
were defeated and captured by Sikhs. This resulted in insecurity in mind of
3754:
2574:
1705:
1662:
1171:
1143:
1018:
would appoint the two sons of Zakariya Khan as the governors of Lahore and
3653:. Punjab, India: Public Relations Department, Government of Punjab. 1978.
2076:
2027:
1978:
1626:. The Sikhs secured a decisive victory at Harnaulgarh by driving away the
138:
3668:
3164:
History of the Sikhs: The Sikh Commonwealth or Rise and Fall of the Misls
1217:
1167:
1078:
1817:
1563:
1310:
1116:
1086:
3144:
History of the Sikhs: Sikh Domination of the Mughal Empire, 1764–1803,
3088:
2968:
Kakshi, S.R.; Pathak, Rashmi; Pathak, S.R.Bakshi R. (1 January 2007).
3670:
Sri Harimandar Sahib : the body visible of the invisible supreme
1846:
1774:
1732:
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1333:
1318:
1298:
1209:
1124:
1034:
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3247:
3245:
3243:
3241:
3239:
3237:
3380:
History of Sikhs Vol. 2 - Evolution of Sikh Confederacies (1707-69)
1890:
1855:
1746:
1650:
1627:
1618:. The Sikh forces then marched and fought a severe battle with the
1559:
1549:
1337:
1108:
1058:
449:
223:
3673:. P. C. Jain, Rajbir Singh. New Delhi: Prakash Books. p. 58.
965:
for eight times between 1748 and 1767, following the collapse of
3234:
2545:
History of the Sikhs: Evolution of Sikh Confederacies (1707-1769)
1806:
1631:
1623:
1611:
1587:
1567:
1314:
1187:
1174:, the Mughal governor of the Punjab, urgently requested aid from
1090:
1030:
2144:
2142:
2140:
2138:
2136:
2134:
2132:
2026:
Bansal, Bobby Singh (2015). "Chapter 5 - North-West Frontier".
1243:
1237:
1213:
1183:
1147:
1082:
3756:
Concise History Of Afghanistan In 25 Volumes : Volume 14
2129:
1741:
1639:
1603:
1248:
1225:
1175:
1112:
1054:
1041:
1037:
3382:. New Delhi: ||Munshiram Manoharlal Publishers Pvt. Ltd||.
3089:
Kakshi, S.R.; Rashmi Pathak; S.R.Bakshi; R. Pathak (2007).
2841:. London and New York: Routledge. The case of Punjab; 189.
1322:
1229:
1190:. Moin-ul-Mulk forwarded the demands to the Mughal Emperor
3709:. Punjab, India: Gur Das Kapur Publications. p. 469.
2548:(3rd ed.). Munshiram Motilal Publishers. p. 85.
2399:
Studies In Later Mughal History Of The Punjab 1707 To 1793
2188:
Studies In Later Mughal History Of The Punjab 1707 To 1793
1980:
India - The North: Forts, Palaces, the Himalaya Dream Trip
1391:
Gold coin of Ahmad Shah Durrani, minted in Shahjahanabad (
2915:
A Concise History of Afghanistan in 25 Volumes, Volume 14
1344:
to come to Punjab and recapture Lahore, resulting in the
3458:
2692:
Studies in Later Mughal History of the Panjab, 1707-1793
1178:. Ahmad Shah had demanded the revenues of Chahar Mahal,
3881:
Advanced Study in the History of Modern India 1707–1813
3613:
3611:
3573:
3571:
3569:
3567:
3490:
3488:
3475:
3473:
2823:. Publication Bureau, Punjabi University. p. 181.
2776:
2774:
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2770:
2768:
2731:
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2584:
2582:
1606:
assembled in May 1762 and plundered the baggage of the
3848:, rpt, Delhi: Low Price Publication, 2000, v 2, p 337.
957:(also known as Ahmad Shah Abdali), the founder of the
972:
3608:
3564:
3485:
3470:
3217:
The Sikhs : Their Journey Of Five Hundred Years
3119:
The Sikhs : Their Journey Of Five Hundred Years
2995:
2765:
2753:
2726:
2579:
1957:
The Sunday Tribune - Spectrum (www.tribuneindia.com)
1785:
Abdali died at Toba Mar (or Toba Maruf; present-day
1289:
Ahmed Shah Durrani invaded again along with his son
3543:. Atlantic Publishers and Distributors. p. 63.
2861:
2741:
2668:. Austrian Academy of Sciences Press. p. 111.
2117:
1805:Miniature painting of Ahmad Shah Abdali painted in
1120:fight the Afghans within the Mughal entrenchments.
316:
3454:. Asia Publishing House, Bombay. pp. 286–287.
3330:. Asia Publishing House, Bombay. pp. 275–280.
2967:
2232:. Panjabi University,Chandigarh. pp. 311–315.
1740:addressed to Bhai Mehar Singh and Bhai Mahboob of
1001:
1638:, was forced to pay tribute of Rs. 50,000 to the
3939:
3632:Ahmad Shah Durrani: Father of Modern Afghanistan
3594:. Munshiram Manoharlal Publishers. p. 228.
3347:Ahmad Shah Durrani: Father of Modern Afghanistan
3304:Ahmad Shah Durrani: Father of Modern Afghanistan
2961:
2528:. Asia Publishing House, Bombay. pp. 51–53.
2478:. Asia Publishing House, Bombay. pp. 48–51.
2376:. Asia Publishing House, Bombay. pp. 43–47.
1359:It was fought between Jats and Abdali's forces.
3451:Ahmad Shah Durrani,father of modern Afghanistan
3327:Ahmad Shah Durrani,father of modern Afghanistan
2796:Ahmad Shah Durrani Father of Modern Afghanistan
2709:Afghanistan: A History from 1260 to the Present
2638:Punjab: A History from Aurangzeb to Mountbatten
2604:Punjab: A History from Aurangzeb to Mountbatten
2152:Ahmad Shah Durrani,father of modern Afghanistan
1912:soon commenced the reconstruction of the fort.
1668:
1281:Photograph taken of Shahidi Gurdwara Fatehsar,
836:Battle in centre of Gujrat and Wazirabad (1798)
3726:Battle Tactics And War Manoeuvres of the Sikhs
3553:
2345:Afghanistan A History From 1260 To The Present
2249:Afghanistan A History From 1260 To The Present
1715:
1313:along with of other Hindu women from towns of
3264:
3255:, Patiala, Punjabi University, 1998, pp. 396.
3213:
3182:
3115:
2661:
2537:
2535:
1224:for help, he received no reinforcements from
996:
465:
302:
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2455:
2453:
2415:
2413:
2411:
2409:
2309:
2241:
2239:
2191:. The Minerva Book company. pp. 64–69.
1874:After the departure of Ahmad Shah Durrani,
1379:and the outcome of the battle is disputed.
1220:. Though Mannu wrote to the Mughal emperor
64:Learn how and when to remove these messages
3427:
3061:. Cambridge University Press. p. 91.
3040:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
2884:. Cambridge University Press. p. 91.
2799:. Asia Publishing House. pp. 196–198.
2532:
2517:
2515:
2513:
2511:
2509:
2507:
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1708:as a hideout. Abdali himself travelled to
1093:chief during Ahmad Shah's journey towards
1065:
981:Painting of Ahmad Shah Abdali kept in the
472:
458:
309:
295:
222:
3923:(2nd ed.). Oxford University Press.
3811:
3251:Sardar Singh Bhatia, "Vadda Ghalughara",
3166:, rev. ed., Munshiram Manoharlal (2001)
2271:
2269:
2212:
2159:
2081:. Santa Barbara, California. p. 21.
1983:. Victoria McCulloch. Bath. p. 146.
1858:were at war, a pivotal battle called the
1212:, the Mughal governor of the province of
186:Learn how and when to remove this message
121:Learn how and when to remove this message
3902:. Atlantic Publishers and Distributors.
3790:
3752:
3506:
3258:
3146:second ed., Munshiram Manoharlal (2000)
2911:
2406:
2391:
2389:
2387:
2385:
2383:
2236:
2155:. Asia Publishing House. pp. 40–43.
1867:and again desecrated their holy places.
1845:
1800:
1726:
1694:
1572:
1386:
1276:
1040:. Shah Nawaz began negotiating with the
976:
84:This article includes a list of general
3797:. Oxford University Press. p. 92.
3339:
3337:
2816:
2812:
2810:
2808:
2806:
2504:
2482:
2430:
2352:
2286:
2208:. Orient Longman Ltd. pp. 118–121.
240:11 January 1748 – 17 January 1767
14:
3940:
3704:
3306:. Asia Publishing House and online by
3253:The Encyclopedia of Sikhism, Volume IV
3054:
3014:Singh, Khushwant (27 September 2008).
2912:Alikuzai, Hamid Wahed (October 2013).
2877:
2635:Gandhi, Rajmohan (14 September 2013).
2634:
2601:Gandhi, Rajmohan (14 September 2013).
2600:
2419:
2337:
2335:
2333:
2331:
2329:
2327:
2275:
2266:
2201:
2025:
1622:at Harnaulgarh, a place 30 miles from
3916:
3897:
3878:
3723:
3707:Struggle of the Sikhs for Sovereignty
3629:
3617:
3589:
3577:
3538:
3534:
3532:
3530:
3494:
3479:
3464:
3447:
3443:
3441:
3402:
3377:
3343:
3323:
3301:
3176:
3013:
3001:
2867:. Jalandhar: Sikh Missionary College.
2792:
2780:
2759:
2747:
2735:
2688:
2588:
2541:
2521:
2493:
2471:
2395:
2380:
2369:
2225:
2184:
2148:
2123:
1976:
1950:
1897:which led to their occupation of the
1123:Ahmad Shah was able to overpower the
453:
290:
205:Indian campaigns of Ahmad Shah Abdali
18:Indian Campaign of Ahmad Shah Durrani
3948:Battles involving the Durrani Empire
3917:Singh, Khushwant (11 October 2004).
3759:. Trafford Publishing. p. 206.
3666:
3334:
3017:Ranjit Singh- Maharaja of the Punjab
2836:
2830:
2803:
2706:Lee, Jonathan L. (15 January 2019).
2420:Sarkar, Jadhunath (4 October 1964).
2276:Sarkar, Jadhunath (4 October 1964).
2252:. Reaktion Books. pp. 118–120.
1346:Maratha conquest of North-west India
1085:. He also confirmed the holdings of
479:
132:
70:
29:
3879:Mehta, Jaswant Lal (January 2005).
3560:. Munshiram Manoharlal. p. 77.
2712:. Reaktion Books. p. 122-123.
2705:
2324:
2245:
1690:Battle of the Jullunder Doab (1765)
1665:and slipped into the Lakhi Jungle.
24:
3958:18th century in the Durrani Empire
3527:
3507:Lansford, Tom (16 February 2017).
3438:
1893:, Decisively defeating Afghans in
1780:
1352:Durrani occupation of Delhi (1757)
1254:
1161:
973:Objectives of his Indian invasions
90:it lacks sufficient corresponding
25:
3969:
3920:A History of the Sikhs: 1469–1838
3428:Cunningham, Joseph Davey (1918).
2839:Religion and Nationalism in India
2695:. Minerva book shop. p. 166.
2662:Noelle-Karimi, Christine (2014).
2313:
1506:
1382:
1197:
45:This article has multiple issues.
3350:. Asia Pub. House. p. 285.
3189:. Greenwood Press. p. 939.
3186:Dictionary of Battles and Sieges
2974:. Sarup & Sons. p. 15.
2205:Fall Of The Mughal Empire Vol. 1
1488:
1473:
1014:in July 1745, the Mughal Wazier
137:
75:
34:
3872:
3851:
3827:
3784:
3746:
3717:
3698:
3660:
3638:
3623:
3583:
3547:
3500:
3421:
3396:
3371:
3295:
3285:
3220:. Pentagon Press. p. 116.
3207:
3156:
3136:
3122:. Pentagon Press. p. 116.
3109:
3082:
3048:
3007:
2957:. Serampore Press. p. 199.
2939:
2905:
2871:
2864:Brief History of the Sikh Misls
2855:
2786:
2699:
2682:
2655:
2628:
2594:
2562:
2522:Singh, Ganda (4 October 2023).
2497:Studies in later mughal History
2472:Singh, Ganda (4 October 2023).
2423:Fall of the Mughal Empire Vol I
2370:Singh, Ganda (4 October 2023).
2341:
2279:Fall of the Mughal Empire,Vol I
1951:Singh, Kulwant (15 July 2012).
1002:Civil War in Lahore (1745-1747)
318:Campaigns of Ahmad Shah Durrani
216:Campaigns of Ahmad Shah Durrani
53:or discuss these issues on the
3898:Kohli, Surinder Singh (1990).
3753:Alikuzai, Hamid Wahed (2013).
3724:Saggu, Devinder Singh (2018).
3539:Kohli, Surindar Singh (1993).
3405:History of the Sikhs, Volume 1
2494:Gupta, Hari (4 October 2023).
2396:Gupta, Hari (4 October 2023).
2195:
2068:
2019:
1970:
1944:
1932:Nader Shah's invasion of India
1758:wrote letters to the Sardars,
1495:Ahmad Shah Abdali on horseback
13:
1:
3705:Gandhi, Surjit Singh (1980).
3592:History of the Sikhs Volume 4
1937:
1685:Battle of Darbar Sahib (1764)
1630:and the defeated governor of
1340:, who had taken Delhi in the
1293:in 1756 on the invitation of
3407:. S.N. Sarkar. p. 190.
3095:. New Delhi: Sarup and Son.
2820:A History of the Sikh Misals
1878:attacked Sirhind and in the
1669:Seventh Invasion (1764-1765)
1247:of Delhi Safdar Jang was in
249:Northern Indian subcontinent
212:Decline of the Mughal Empire
7:
1915:
1796:
1716:Eighth Invasion (1766-1767)
1642:as a penalty for his loss.
1448:Battle of Gujranwala (1761)
776:Battle near Amritsar (1797)
150:to comply with Knowledge's
10:
3974:
3308:Cambridge University Press
2202:Sarkar, Jadhunath (1964).
2075:Tom Lansford, ed. (2017).
1355:Battle of Bharatpur (1757)
1265:Battle of Bharatpur (1757)
1258:
1201:
1134:
1069:
997:First Invasion (1747-1748)
3953:Military history of India
2542:Gupta, Hari Ram (1978) .
1722:Battle of Amritsar (1767)
1432:Battle of Samalkha (1760)
1408:Battle of Peshawar (1758)
1370:Battle of Amritsar (1757)
1273:Battle of Mahilpur (1757)
1269:Battle of Amritsar (1757)
1150:force's and Sikhs of the
491:
324:
258:
232:
221:
209:
204:
3590:Gupta, Hari Ram (1998).
3554:Hari Ram Gupta (2001) .
3403:Gupta, Hari Ram (1939).
3378:Gupta, Hari Ram (2007).
3271:. ABC-CLIO. p. 21.
2817:Bhagata, Siṅgha (1993).
2689:Gupta, Hari Ram (1944).
2226:Singh, Surinder (1985).
1880:Battle of Sirhind (1764)
1854:In 1761, Ahmad Shah and
1830:Battle of Manupur (1748)
1763:Khushal Singh Singhpuria
1675:Battle of Sirhind (1764)
1539:Battle of Sialkot (1763)
1453:Battle of Sialkot (1761)
1427:Siege of Kunjpura (1760)
1412:Battle of Taraori (1759)
1137:Battle of Manupur (1748)
163:may contain suggestions.
148:may need to be rewritten
3883:. Sterling Publishers.
3092:Punjab Through the Ages
3058:The Sikhs of the Punjab
2971:Punjab Through the Ages
2945:
2881:The Sikhs of the Punjab
2246:Lee, Johnathan (2018).
1977:Betts, Vanessa (2013).
1860:Third Battle of Panipat
1533:Battle of the Ravi Ford
1442:Third Battle of Panipat
1437:Battle of Meerut (1760)
1405:Battle of Attock (1758)
1204:Battle of Lahore (1752)
1072:Battle of Lahore (1748)
1066:Battle of Lahore (1748)
1006:Following the death of
105:more precise citations.
3667:Kaur, Daljeet (2006).
3265:Lansford, Tom (2017).
3214:Raj Pal Singh (2004).
3183:Jacques, Tony (2006).
3116:Raj Pal Singh (2004).
2641:. Aleph Book Company.
2607:. Aleph Book Company.
1927:Dal Khalsa (Sikh army)
1882:, the Afghan Governor
1851:
1810:
1751:
1700:
1578:
1458:Siege of Lahore (1761)
1422:Battle of Sikandarabad
1396:
1342:Battle of Delhi (1757)
1286:
986:
766:Pind Dadan Khan (1796)
3824:. London: H. Colburn.
3630:Singh, Ganda (1959).
3541:The Sikhs and Sikhism
3448:Singh, Ganda (1959).
3344:Ganḍā, Singh (1959).
3324:Singh, Ganda (1959).
3302:Singh, Ganda (1959).
3055:Grewal, J.S. (1990).
2878:Grewal, J.S. (1990).
2837:Deol, Harnik (2000).
2793:Singh, Ganda (1959).
2149:Singh, Ganda (1959).
1906:Bala Hissar, Peshawar
1876:Jassa Singh Ahluwalia
1849:
1804:
1760:Jassa Singh Ahluwalia
1730:
1698:
1576:
1527:Sikh genocide of 1762
1518:Battle of Pipli Sahib
1513:Battle of Harnaulgarh
1417:Battle of Barari Ghat
1401:Siege of Sirhind 1758
1390:
1280:
980:
3900:The Sikh and Sikhism
3846:Horace Hayman Wilson
2955:The History of India
2185:Gupta, Hari (1944).
2032:. New Delhi, India.
1767:Jhanda Singh Dhillon
1261:Sack of Delhi (1757)
1105:Sir Jadhunath Sarkar
1053:who had just taken
3467:, pp. 155–156.
3310:. pp. 277–280.
2947:John Clark Marshman
2500:. pp. 162–165.
2426:. pp. 128–131.
2348:. pp. 119–122.
2320:. pp. 321–325.
2282:. pp. 126–128.
1154:(also known as the
1089:to Muqarrab Khan a
963:Indian subcontinent
851:Kashmir (1812-1813)
621:Darbar Sahib (1764)
576:Lakhi Jungle (1762)
434:Darbar Sahib (1764)
389:Sikandarabad (1760)
2525:Ahmad Shah Durrani
2475:Ahmed Shah Durrani
2373:Ahmad Shah Durrani
1895:Battle of Nowshera
1884:Zain Khan Sirhindi
1852:
1811:
1791:Suleiman Mountains
1787:Maruf, Afghanistan
1756:Ahmad Shah Durrani
1752:
1701:
1636:Zain Khan Sirhindi
1616:Zain Khan Sirhindi
1579:
1546:Ahmad Shah Durrani
1397:
1336:, who invited the
1330:Timur Shah Durrani
1291:Timur Shah Durrani
1287:
1222:Ahmad Shah Bahadur
1192:Ahmad Shah Bahadur
1051:Ahmad Shah Durrani
987:
955:Ahmad Shah Durrani
801:Near Lahore (1798)
676:Jhelum Town (1766)
646:Sutlej Ford (1765)
596:Urmar Tanda (1763)
571:Pipli Sahib (1762)
566:Harnaulgarh (1762)
419:Pipli Sahib (1762)
384:Barari Ghat (1760)
3930:978-0-19-567308-1
3804:978-0-19-975655-1
3791:P Dhavan (2011).
3766:978-1-4907-1442-4
3389:978-81-215-0248-1
3357:978-1-4021-7278-6
3196:978-0-313-33536-5
3102:978-81-7625-738-1
3027:978-0-14-306543-2
2981:978-81-7625-738-1
2925:978-1-4907-1441-7
2848:978-0-415-20108-7
2719:978-1-78914-010-1
2675:978-3-7001-7202-4
2402:. pp. 69–72.
2314:Singh, Surinder.
2088:978-1-59884-759-8
2039:978-93-84544-89-8
1990:978-1-907263-74-3
1814:Ahmad Shah Abdali
1680:Battle of Qarawal
1361:Maharaja Surajmal
990:Ahmed Shah Abdali
949:
948:
786:Sarae Kali (1798)
741:Indus Ford (1795)
656:Kapurthala (1765)
636:Adinanagar (1764)
601:Malerkotla (1763)
541:Gujranwala (1761)
526:2nd Lahore (1759)
447:
446:
285:
284:
254:
253:
196:
195:
188:
178:
177:
152:quality standards
131:
130:
123:
68:
16:(Redirected from
3965:
3934:
3913:
3894:
3866:
3855:
3849:
3842:Travels in India
3831:
3825:
3818:Joseph Greenwood
3815:
3809:
3808:
3788:
3782:
3781:
3750:
3744:
3743:
3728:. Notion Press.
3721:
3715:
3714:
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3695:
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3636:
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3321:
3312:
3311:
3299:
3293:
3289:
3283:
3282:
3262:
3256:
3249:
3232:
3231:
3211:
3205:
3204:
3203:on 26 June 2015.
3199:. Archived from
3180:
3174:
3160:
3154:
3142:Hari Ram Gupta,
3140:
3134:
3133:
3113:
3107:
3106:
3086:
3080:
3079:
3077:
3075:
3052:
3046:
3045:
3039:
3031:
3011:
3005:
2999:
2993:
2992:
2990:
2988:
2965:
2959:
2958:
2943:
2937:
2936:
2934:
2932:
2909:
2903:
2902:
2900:
2898:
2875:
2869:
2868:
2859:
2853:
2852:
2834:
2828:
2827:
2814:
2801:
2800:
2790:
2784:
2778:
2763:
2757:
2751:
2745:
2739:
2733:
2724:
2723:
2703:
2697:
2696:
2686:
2680:
2679:
2659:
2653:
2652:
2632:
2626:
2625:
2623:
2621:
2598:
2592:
2586:
2577:
2570:History of Islam
2566:
2560:
2559:
2539:
2530:
2529:
2519:
2502:
2501:
2491:
2480:
2479:
2469:
2428:
2427:
2417:
2404:
2403:
2393:
2378:
2377:
2367:
2350:
2349:
2342:Lee, Johnathan.
2339:
2322:
2321:
2311:
2284:
2283:
2273:
2264:
2263:
2243:
2234:
2233:
2223:
2210:
2209:
2199:
2193:
2192:
2182:
2157:
2156:
2146:
2127:
2121:
2115:
2114:
2108:
2100:
2072:
2066:
2065:
2059:
2051:
2023:
2017:
2016:
2010:
2002:
1974:
1968:
1967:
1965:
1963:
1948:
1922:Afghan-Sikh Wars
1910:Hari Singh Nalwa
1816:had accompanied
1492:
1477:
1010:the governor of
831:Ravi Ford (1798)
791:Wazirabad (1798)
696:Jullundur (1767)
661:Beas Ford (1765)
641:Jullundur (1765)
511:Jalandhar (1757)
486:
484:
483:Afghan–Sikh Wars
474:
467:
460:
451:
450:
424:Ravi ford (1762)
319:
311:
304:
297:
288:
287:
275:Sikh Confederacy
234:
233:
226:
202:
201:
191:
184:
173:
170:
164:
141:
133:
126:
119:
115:
112:
106:
101:this article by
92:inline citations
79:
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71:
60:
38:
37:
30:
21:
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2520:
2505:
2492:
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2470:
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2418:
2407:
2394:
2381:
2368:
2353:
2340:
2325:
2312:
2287:
2274:
2267:
2260:
2259:978-178914-0101
2244:
2237:
2224:
2213:
2200:
2196:
2183:
2160:
2147:
2130:
2122:
2118:
2102:
2101:
2089:
2073:
2069:
2053:
2052:
2040:
2024:
2020:
2004:
2003:
1991:
1975:
1971:
1961:
1959:
1949:
1945:
1940:
1918:
1899:Peshawar Valley
1799:
1783:
1781:Death of Abdali
1718:
1671:
1509:
1500:
1499:
1498:
1497:
1496:
1493:
1485:
1484:
1478:
1469:
1468:
1395:), dated 1760/1
1385:
1377:Baba Deep Singh
1275:
1259:Main articles:
1257:
1255:Fourth Invasion
1206:
1200:
1164:
1162:Second Invasion
1139:
1111:commander from
1074:
1068:
1016:Qamaruddin Khan
1004:
999:
975:
952:
951:
950:
945:
821:Eminabad (1798)
806:Amritsar (1798)
796:Shahdara (1798)
771:Amritsar (1797)
726:Shujabad (1780)
706:Kunjpura (1772)
681:Amritsar (1767)
671:Fatahbad (1766)
651:Nurmahal (1765)
626:Jandiala (1764)
561:Amritsar (1762)
551:Jandiala (1762)
506:Mahilpur (1757)
501:Amritsar (1757)
487:
482:
480:
478:
448:
443:
439:Khorasan (1770)
399:Samalkha (1760)
394:Kunjpura (1760)
374:Gohalwar (1757)
364:Khorasan (1754)
354:Khorasan (1750)
320:
317:
315:
250:
227:
192:
181:
180:
179:
174:
168:
165:
155:
142:
127:
116:
110:
107:
97:Please help to
96:
80:
76:
39:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3971:
3961:
3960:
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3908:
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3826:
3810:
3803:
3783:
3765:
3745:
3734:
3716:
3697:
3679:
3659:
3637:
3622:
3620:, p. 228.
3607:
3600:
3582:
3580:, p. 164.
3563:
3546:
3526:
3519:
3499:
3497:, p. 156.
3484:
3482:, p. 192.
3469:
3457:
3437:
3434:. p. 101.
3420:
3413:
3395:
3388:
3370:
3356:
3333:
3313:
3294:
3284:
3277:
3257:
3233:
3226:
3206:
3195:
3175:
3172:978-8121501651
3155:
3152:978-8121502139
3135:
3128:
3108:
3101:
3081:
3067:
3047:
3026:
3006:
3004:, p. 146.
2994:
2980:
2960:
2938:
2924:
2904:
2890:
2870:
2854:
2847:
2829:
2802:
2785:
2783:, p. 229.
2764:
2762:, p. 253.
2752:
2740:
2738:, p. 252.
2725:
2718:
2698:
2681:
2674:
2654:
2647:
2627:
2613:
2593:
2591:, p. 251.
2578:
2561:
2555:978-8121502481
2554:
2531:
2503:
2481:
2429:
2405:
2379:
2351:
2323:
2285:
2265:
2258:
2235:
2211:
2194:
2158:
2128:
2126:, p. 248.
2116:
2087:
2067:
2038:
2018:
1989:
1969:
1942:
1941:
1939:
1936:
1935:
1934:
1929:
1924:
1917:
1914:
1798:
1795:
1782:
1779:
1725:
1724:
1717:
1714:
1693:
1692:
1687:
1682:
1677:
1670:
1667:
1542:
1541:
1536:
1530:
1525:also known as
1520:
1515:
1508:
1507:Sixth Invasion
1505:
1494:
1487:
1486:
1479:
1472:
1471:
1470:
1466:
1465:
1464:
1463:
1462:
1461:
1455:
1450:
1445:
1439:
1434:
1429:
1424:
1419:
1414:
1409:
1406:
1403:
1384:
1383:Fifth invasion
1381:
1373:
1372:
1357:
1356:
1353:
1297:, the wife of
1295:Mughlani Begum
1256:
1253:
1202:Main article:
1199:
1198:Third Invasion
1196:
1182:, Aurangabad,
1163:
1160:
1135:Main article:
1070:Main article:
1067:
1064:
1027:Adina Beg Khan
1003:
1000:
998:
995:
974:
971:
959:Durrani Empire
947:
946:
944:
943:
938:
933:
928:
923:
918:
913:
908:
903:
898:
893:
888:
883:
878:
873:
868:
866:Kashmir (1814)
863:
858:
853:
848:
843:
838:
833:
828:
826:Chunian (1798)
823:
818:
813:
811:Rogheen (1798)
808:
803:
798:
793:
788:
783:
778:
773:
768:
763:
758:
753:
748:
743:
738:
733:
728:
723:
718:
713:
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703:
698:
693:
688:
683:
678:
673:
668:
663:
658:
653:
648:
643:
638:
633:
628:
623:
618:
616:Qarawal (1764)
613:
608:
606:Sirhind (1764)
603:
598:
593:
588:
586:Sialkot (1763)
583:
578:
573:
568:
563:
558:
553:
548:
543:
538:
536:Sialkot (1761)
533:
528:
523:
518:
516:Sirhind (1758)
513:
508:
503:
498:
496:Manupur (1748)
492:
489:
488:
477:
476:
469:
462:
454:
445:
444:
442:
441:
436:
431:
429:Qarawal (1764)
426:
421:
416:
411:
409:Panipat (1761)
406:
401:
396:
391:
386:
381:
379:Taraori (1759)
376:
371:
366:
361:
356:
351:
346:
341:
339:Manupur (1748)
336:
331:
325:
322:
321:
314:
313:
306:
299:
291:
283:
282:
280:Maratha Empire
277:
272:
267:
265:Durrani Empire
261:
260:
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255:
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251:
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26:
9:
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4:
3:
2:
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3911:
3909:9788171160938
3905:
3901:
3896:
3892:
3890:9781932705546
3886:
3882:
3877:
3876:
3864:
3863:81-7304-785-5
3860:
3854:
3847:
3843:
3839:
3835:
3834:Moorcroft, W.
3830:
3823:
3819:
3814:
3806:
3800:
3796:
3795:
3787:
3780:
3776:
3772:
3768:
3762:
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3757:
3749:
3742:
3737:
3735:9781642490060
3731:
3727:
3720:
3713:
3708:
3701:
3694:
3690:
3686:
3682:
3680:81-7234-056-7
3676:
3672:
3671:
3663:
3656:
3652:
3648:
3641:
3633:
3626:
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3614:
3612:
3603:
3601:9788121505406
3597:
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3586:
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3574:
3572:
3570:
3568:
3559:
3558:
3550:
3542:
3535:
3533:
3531:
3522:
3520:9781598847604
3516:
3512:
3511:
3503:
3496:
3491:
3489:
3481:
3476:
3474:
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3461:
3453:
3452:
3444:
3442:
3433:
3432:
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3416:
3414:9788121502481
3410:
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3399:
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3381:
3374:
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3338:
3329:
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3320:
3318:
3309:
3305:
3298:
3288:
3280:
3278:9781598847604
3274:
3270:
3269:
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3254:
3248:
3246:
3244:
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3240:
3238:
3229:
3227:9788186505465
3223:
3219:
3218:
3210:
3202:
3198:
3192:
3188:
3187:
3179:
3173:
3169:
3165:
3159:
3153:
3149:
3145:
3139:
3131:
3129:9788186505465
3125:
3121:
3120:
3112:
3104:
3098:
3094:
3093:
3085:
3070:
3068:0-521-63764-3
3064:
3060:
3059:
3051:
3043:
3037:
3029:
3023:
3020:. New Delhi.
3019:
3018:
3010:
3003:
2998:
2983:
2977:
2973:
2972:
2964:
2956:
2952:
2948:
2942:
2927:
2921:
2917:
2916:
2908:
2893:
2891:0-521-63764-3
2887:
2883:
2882:
2874:
2866:
2865:
2858:
2850:
2844:
2840:
2833:
2826:
2822:
2821:
2813:
2811:
2809:
2807:
2798:
2797:
2789:
2782:
2777:
2775:
2773:
2771:
2769:
2761:
2756:
2750:, p. 62.
2749:
2744:
2737:
2732:
2730:
2721:
2715:
2711:
2710:
2702:
2694:
2693:
2685:
2677:
2671:
2667:
2666:
2658:
2650:
2648:9789383064410
2644:
2640:
2639:
2631:
2616:
2614:9789383064410
2610:
2606:
2605:
2597:
2590:
2585:
2583:
2576:
2573:, p. 509, at
2572:
2571:
2565:
2557:
2551:
2547:
2546:
2538:
2536:
2527:
2526:
2518:
2516:
2514:
2512:
2510:
2508:
2499:
2498:
2490:
2488:
2486:
2477:
2476:
2468:
2466:
2464:
2462:
2460:
2458:
2456:
2454:
2452:
2450:
2448:
2446:
2444:
2442:
2440:
2438:
2436:
2434:
2425:
2424:
2416:
2414:
2412:
2410:
2401:
2400:
2392:
2390:
2388:
2386:
2384:
2375:
2374:
2366:
2364:
2362:
2360:
2358:
2356:
2347:
2346:
2338:
2336:
2334:
2332:
2330:
2328:
2319:
2318:
2310:
2308:
2306:
2304:
2302:
2300:
2298:
2296:
2294:
2292:
2290:
2281:
2280:
2272:
2270:
2261:
2255:
2251:
2250:
2242:
2240:
2231:
2230:
2222:
2220:
2218:
2216:
2207:
2206:
2198:
2190:
2189:
2181:
2179:
2177:
2175:
2173:
2171:
2169:
2167:
2165:
2163:
2154:
2153:
2145:
2143:
2141:
2139:
2137:
2135:
2133:
2125:
2120:
2112:
2106:
2098:
2094:
2090:
2084:
2080:
2079:
2071:
2063:
2057:
2049:
2045:
2041:
2035:
2031:
2030:
2022:
2014:
2008:
2000:
1996:
1992:
1986:
1982:
1981:
1973:
1958:
1954:
1947:
1943:
1933:
1930:
1928:
1925:
1923:
1920:
1919:
1913:
1911:
1907:
1902:
1900:
1896:
1892:
1887:
1885:
1881:
1877:
1872:
1868:
1864:
1861:
1857:
1848:
1844:
1840:
1837:
1833:
1831:
1825:
1821:
1819:
1815:
1808:
1803:
1794:
1792:
1788:
1778:
1776:
1770:
1768:
1764:
1761:
1757:
1749:
1748:
1743:
1739:
1735:
1734:
1729:
1723:
1720:
1719:
1713:
1711:
1707:
1697:
1691:
1688:
1686:
1683:
1681:
1678:
1676:
1673:
1672:
1666:
1664:
1658:
1654:
1652:
1648:
1647:Battle of Kup
1643:
1641:
1637:
1633:
1629:
1625:
1621:
1617:
1613:
1609:
1605:
1600:
1596:
1592:
1589:
1585:
1575:
1571:
1569:
1565:
1561:
1556:
1553:
1551:
1547:
1540:
1537:
1534:
1531:
1528:
1524:
1523:Battle of Kup
1521:
1519:
1516:
1514:
1511:
1510:
1504:
1491:
1482:
1476:
1459:
1456:
1454:
1451:
1449:
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1443:
1440:
1438:
1435:
1433:
1430:
1428:
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1410:
1407:
1404:
1402:
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1398:
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1371:
1368:
1367:
1366:
1364:
1362:
1354:
1351:
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1349:
1347:
1343:
1339:
1335:
1331:
1326:
1324:
1320:
1316:
1312:
1308:
1307:Muhammad Shah
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3719:
3712:Afghanistan.
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3513:. ABC-CLIO.
3509:
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3373:
3361:. Retrieved
3346:
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3201:the original
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3138:
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3072:. Retrieved
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2985:. Retrieved
2970:
2963:
2954:
2951:"Nadir Shah"
2941:
2929:. Retrieved
2918:. Trafford.
2914:
2907:
2895:. Retrieved
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2618:. Retrieved
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1663:Sutlej River
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1610:governor of
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841:Kasur (1807)
816:Kasur (1798)
591:Kasur (1763)
369:Delhi (1757)
349:Herat (1750)
344:Herat (1749)
329:Kabul (1747)
259:Belligerents
197:
182:
166:
157:You can help
147:
117:
108:
89:
61:
54:
48:
47:Please help
44:
3645:"Advance".
3162:Ram Gupta,
2931:29 December
1908:. However,
1744:requesting
1218:Lahore Fort
1168:Indus River
931:Khyber Pass
856:Hasan Abdal
581:Ravi (1762)
103:introducing
3942:Categories
3840:. (1841).
3838:G. Trebeck
3775:1152292936
3618:Gupta 1998
3578:Singh 2004
3495:Singh 2004
3480:Gupta 1939
3465:Singh 2004
3002:Singh 2004
2781:Mehta 2005
2760:Mehta 2005
2748:Kohli 1990
2736:Mehta 2005
2589:Mehta 2005
2124:Mehta 2005
1962:4 December
1938:References
1818:Nadir Shah
1645:After the
1584:Alha Singh
1564:Malerkotla
1311:Alamgir II
1117:astrologer
1087:Rawalpindi
961:, invaded
556:Kup (1762)
414:Kup (1762)
169:April 2022
86:references
50:improve it
3363:25 August
3036:cite book
2620:21 August
2105:cite book
2097:952980822
2056:cite book
2048:934672669
2007:cite book
1999:881063949
1809:, ca.1820
1789:) in the
1775:Mir Qasim
1733:Hukamnama
1710:Chak Guru
1393:Old Delhi
1334:Adina Beg
1319:Vrindavan
1299:Mir Mannu
1210:Mir Mannu
1125:Qizilbash
1035:Jalandhar
985:, ca.1755
161:talk page
56:talk page
3689:70168181
3074:15 April
2949:(1863).
2897:15 April
1916:See also
1891:Peshawar
1856:Marathas
1797:Overview
1747:dasvandh
1651:Amritsar
1620:Durranis
1550:Amritsar
1338:Marathas
1059:Peshawar
921:Peshawar
896:Nowshera
891:Taragarh
245:Location
210:Part of
3820:(1844)
3647:Advance
2987:12 June
1807:Lucknow
1736:of the
1632:Sirhind
1628:Afghans
1624:Sirhind
1612:Sirhind
1588:Patiala
1568:Sirhind
1560:Haryana
1315:Mathura
1188:Sialkot
1109:Pashtun
1091:Gakkhar
1033:of the
1031:faujdar
936:Panjtar
926:Ramkani
916:Balakot
886:Mankera
876:Shopian
99:improve
3927:
3906:
3887:
3861:
3844:. ed.
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1738:Khalsa
1608:Mughal
1535:(1762)
1444:(1761)
1283:Gujrat
1271:, and
1238:Multan
1214:Punjab
1186:, and
1184:Pasrur
1180:Gujrat
1148:Rajput
1095:Gujrat
1083:Lahore
1079:Rohtas
1020:Multan
1012:Lahore
941:Jamrud
911:Haidru
906:Shaidu
881:Mangal
861:Attock
159:. The
88:, but
1742:Patna
1640:Sikhs
1604:Sikhs
1544:When
1303:Delhi
1249:Awadh
1244:wazir
1230:Sikhs
1226:Delhi
1176:Delhi
1113:Kasur
1055:Kabul
1042:Delhi
1038:Doaba
901:Akora
3925:ISBN
3904:ISBN
3885:ISBN
3859:ISBN
3836:and
3799:ISBN
3771:OCLC
3761:ISBN
3730:ISBN
3685:OCLC
3675:ISBN
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3409:ISBN
3384:ISBN
3365:2010
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3168:ISBN
3148:ISBN
3124:ISBN
3097:ISBN
3076:2014
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3042:link
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2989:2010
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2622:2015
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2013:link
1995:OCLC
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1964:2020
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