2443:
162:
was irregular, and after their division in 395, the two halves of the Roman Empire tended to divide the two consulships between them; the office, which had become both purely honorary and quite expensive to hold, sometimes lay vacant for years. The emperors were often ordinary consuls, and after 541,
163:
with the exception of the emperor, who assumed the office on his accession, no ordinary consuls were appointed. From that point on, only honorary consulships were granted, and the title declined much in prestige. Throughout the 6th to 9th centuries there is ample
237:
coast, which recognised
Byzantine authority in the 9th through 11th centuries. Eventually, with the waning of Byzantine power in the region, these rulers took on more familiar Latin titles like
612:
1322:
167:
evidence of functionaries bearing the title, usually attached to mid-level administrative and fiscal posts. In the late 9th-century hierarchy, however, as related by the
1555:
535:
2431:
785:
686:
2119:
696:
629:
644:
639:
1720:
706:
681:
2071:
2054:
711:
691:
1770:
1616:
1588:
1232:
1224:
701:
634:
1966:
1327:
1815:
2295:
1820:
2219:
979:
972:
528:
85:
1971:
1830:
1118:
962:
2300:
1713:
2401:
967:
504:
1464:
521:
2470:
2436:
2258:
790:
558:
474:
The
Imperial Administrative System of the Ninth Century – With a Revised Text of the Kletorologion of Philotheos
2406:
2396:
2268:
2189:
2007:
1875:
1447:
1391:
1312:
1179:
495:
2263:
2253:
2168:
1923:
1708:
1143:
2337:
2305:
2209:
1918:
1890:
1698:
1237:
116:
2061:
1703:
1550:
1307:
1058:
218:
appears to be a regular office instead of an honorary dignity, endowed with judicial duties according to
2381:
2327:
2066:
1938:
1928:
1628:
1508:
1386:
1317:
1205:
1174:
1017:
957:
2241:
1765:
1621:
1406:
1297:
1184:
1540:
1292:
779:
658:
2446:
1870:
1596:
1416:
1302:
373:
2475:
2371:
1961:
1803:
1247:
1053:
1027:
1022:
795:
771:
767:
734:
2089:
1943:
1133:
1043:
1007:
892:
622:
617:
308:
120:
2332:
2315:
2136:
1895:
1860:
1743:
1680:
1675:
1210:
1153:
115:, and survived until the early 12th century. It was often conferred upon the rulers of the
8:
1242:
1158:
1148:
1012:
775:
763:
650:
472:
219:
2320:
2310:
2184:
1855:
1738:
1655:
1518:
870:
850:
830:
820:
586:
173:
of
Philotheos, it was one of the lower dignities intended for "bearded men" (i.e. non-
2442:
2376:
2281:
2214:
2194:
2162:
2094:
2081:
2002:
1997:
1748:
1513:
1363:
882:
835:
825:
815:
500:
490:
478:
222:. In the 11th century, the title rose again in importance, apparently outranking the
201:
2246:
2039:
1987:
1933:
1900:
1850:
1643:
1633:
1411:
1099:
991:
914:
897:
875:
860:
845:
759:
544:
288:
2391:
2224:
2204:
2199:
2154:
2144:
2104:
2099:
2049:
2044:
1825:
1431:
1348:
1343:
1083:
1073:
909:
903:
887:
865:
855:
840:
266:
225:
233:
The title was often conferred to the rulers of south
Italian city-states of the
2229:
2109:
1842:
1601:
1495:
1481:
1280:
984:
739:
401:
234:
164:
159:
89:
31:
482:
2464:
2149:
2026:
1992:
1730:
1665:
1638:
1523:
1138:
1078:
169:
17:
1910:
1885:
1865:
1670:
1648:
1503:
751:
746:
580:
112:
105:
is 'the supreme one', which reflects the office, but not the etymology of '
94:
513:
2411:
2386:
1880:
1690:
1457:
1063:
1048:
111:'). The dignity arose from the honorary consulships awarded in the late
1685:
1545:
1535:
1368:
1358:
1068:
468:
349:
317:
180:
2234:
2114:
1606:
1474:
1421:
1353:
371:
347:
341:
315:
296:
282:
272:
270:
256:
223:
213:
194:
186:
178:
143:
100:
56:
49:
24:
1760:
1660:
1611:
1469:
1401:
1189:
2126:
2012:
1953:
1452:
1426:
1104:
278:
199:), whose award also conferred the dignity, was a diploma. In the
188:
1755:
1530:
1396:
174:
379:
262:
150:
63:
43:
311:
and his wife Orania, in the first half of the 10th century.
2034:
400:), a title given to the head of the imperial university of
252:
277:
from the
Byzantine emperor, as a reward for defeating the
246:
434:
230:, but disappeared entirely by the mid-12th century.
446:
2462:
499:. Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press.
904:Spain (Iberian Peninsula and Balearic Islands)
119:. In Italian documents the term was sometimes
529:
302:
136:
543:
385:
355:
339:
323:
244:
238:
130:
124:
106:
92:
69:
536:
522:
135:, and in Italian historiography one finds
16:For the mountain in Boeotia, Greece, see
1792:
2463:
88:, originally the Greek translation of
2360:
1791:
1576:
1268:
935:
556:
517:
424:
422:
420:
418:
416:
314:The title was the root of the titles
1577:
467:
452:
440:
431:, Hypatos (A. Kazhdan), pp. 963–964.
158:The creation of ordinary consuls in
141:. The feminine form of the term was
1279:
477:. London: Oxford University Press.
39:
13:
496:The Oxford Dictionary of Byzantium
413:
14:
2487:
2402:Greek scholars in the Renaissance
2441:
791:Decline of the Byzantine Empire
613:Constantinian–Valentinianic era
489:
428:
281:. In Gaeta, the feminine title
1876:Great Palace of Constantinople
1617:Patriarchate of Constantinople
936:
338:, the original translation of
1:
407:
206:
2338:University of Constantinople
1919:Arch of Galerius and Rotunda
1269:
1069:Chartoularios tou vestiariou
758:Byzantine successor states (
404:in the 11th-14th centuries.
372:
370:), as well as the office of
348:
316:
297:
283:
271:
257:
224:
214:
195:
187:
179:
144:
117:south Italian principalities
101:
57:
50:
25:
7:
2008:Saint Catherine's Monastery
1064:Chartoularios tou sakelliou
1059:Logothetes tou stratiotikou
557:
10:
2492:
2397:Neo-Byzantine architecture
2361:
1018:Comes sacrarum largitionum
461:
380:
151:
64:
44:
15:
2424:
2367:
2356:
2277:
2177:
2135:
2080:
2025:
1980:
1967:Sant'Apollinare in Classe
1952:
1909:
1841:
1811:
1802:
1798:
1787:
1729:
1587:
1583:
1572:
1494:
1440:
1379:
1336:
1288:
1275:
1264:
1223:
1198:
1167:
1126:
1117:
1092:
1036:
1000:
953:
946:
942:
931:
804:
720:
667:
598:
569:
565:
552:
395:chief of the philosophers
35:
1541:Droungarios of the Fleet
99:(the literal meaning of
2055:Early Byzantine mosaics
1417:Domestic of the Schools
374:hypatos ton philosophon
193:. Its badge of office (
177:), ranking between the
86:Byzantine court dignity
2471:Byzantine court titles
2372:Byzantine commonwealth
1134:Praetorian prefectures
1054:Logothetes tou genikou
1028:Quaestor sacri palatii
1023:Comes rerum privatarum
796:Fall of Constantinople
735:Sack of Constantinople
340:
307:) during the reign of
303:
292:
245:
239:
137:
131:
125:
107:
93:
79:from among the consuls
2072:Komnenian renaissance
2067:Macedonian period art
1972:Sant'Apollinare Nuovo
1944:Walls of Thessaloniki
1044:Logothetes tou dromou
659:Twenty Years' Anarchy
623:Valentinianic dynasty
618:Constantinian dynasty
309:Docibilis II of Gaeta
2269:Units of measurement
2003:Panagia Gorgoepikoos
1896:Pammakaristos Church
1744:Corpus Juris Civilis
1695:Missionary activity
1154:Exarchate of Ravenna
980:Imperial bureaucracy
381:ὕπατος τῶν φιλοσόφων
1793:Culture and society
1656:Ecumenical councils
1159:Exarchate of Africa
1149:Quaestura exercitus
1013:Magister officiorum
1008:Praetorian prefects
651:Byzantine Dark Ages
220:Nicolas Oikonomides
2210:Flags and insignia
1856:Baths of Zeuxippus
1739:Codex Theodosianus
1629:Oriental Orthodoxy
587:Later Roman Empire
491:Kazhdan, Alexander
295:) was replaced by
255:. The most famous
54:) and the variant
2458:
2457:
2420:
2419:
2377:Byzantine studies
2352:
2351:
2348:
2347:
2163:Alexander Romance
2021:
2020:
1998:Nea Moni of Chios
1861:Blachernae Palace
1783:
1782:
1779:
1778:
1749:Code of Justinian
1597:Eastern Orthodoxy
1568:
1567:
1564:
1563:
1490:
1489:
1364:Scholae Palatinae
1260:
1259:
1256:
1255:
1225:Foreign relations
1219:
1218:
1113:
1112:
927:
926:
923:
922:
726:(1204–1453)
443:, pp. 25–26.
202:Escorial Taktikon
2483:
2445:
2358:
2357:
2301:Imperial Library
2247:Byzantine Greeks
1988:Daphni Monastery
1939:Panagia Chalkeon
1934:Hagios Demetrios
1901:Prison of Anemas
1851:Basilica Cistern
1809:
1808:
1800:
1799:
1789:
1788:
1644:West Syriac Rite
1634:Alexandrian Rite
1585:
1584:
1578:Religion and law
1574:
1573:
1509:Maritime themata
1465:Palaiologan army
1318:Military manuals
1286:
1285:
1277:
1276:
1266:
1265:
1124:
1123:
1100:Megas logothetes
951:
950:
944:
943:
933:
932:
806:By modern region
727:
674:
673:(717–1204)
605:
567:
566:
554:
553:
545:Byzantine Empire
538:
531:
524:
515:
514:
510:
486:
456:
450:
444:
438:
432:
426:
399:
396:
393:
390:
387:
383:
382:
377:
369:
366:
363:
360:
357:
353:
345:
337:
334:
331:
328:
325:
321:
306:
300:
286:
276:
260:
250:
242:
229:
217:
211:
208:
198:
192:
184:
154:
153:
147:
140:
134:
128:
110:
104:
98:
83:
80:
77:
74:
71:
67:
66:
60:
53:
47:
46:
41:
37:
28:
2491:
2490:
2486:
2485:
2484:
2482:
2481:
2480:
2461:
2460:
2459:
2454:
2451:
2416:
2392:Cyrillic script
2363:
2344:
2289:
2273:
2173:
2155:Digenes Akritas
2131:
2076:
2017:
1981:Other locations
1976:
1948:
1905:
1837:
1826:Cross-in-square
1794:
1775:
1725:
1579:
1560:
1486:
1436:
1432:Varangian Guard
1375:
1349:East Roman army
1344:Late Roman army
1332:
1271:
1252:
1215:
1194:
1163:
1109:
1088:
1084:Epi ton deeseon
1074:Epi tou eidikou
1032:
996:
938:
919:
906:
809:
807:
800:
786:Palaiologan era
728:
725:
716:
687:Nikephorian era
675:
672:
663:
606:
604:(330–717)
603:
594:
574:
561:
548:
542:
507:
464:
459:
451:
447:
439:
435:
427:
414:
410:
397:
394:
391:
388:
367:
364:
361:
358:
335:
332:
329:
326:
267:John I of Gaeta
226:protospatharios
209:
81:
78:
75:
72:
21:
12:
11:
5:
2489:
2479:
2478:
2473:
2456:
2455:
2453:
2452:
2450:
2449:
2439:
2434:
2428:
2425:
2422:
2421:
2418:
2417:
2415:
2414:
2409:
2404:
2399:
2394:
2389:
2384:
2379:
2374:
2368:
2365:
2364:
2354:
2353:
2350:
2349:
2346:
2345:
2343:
2342:
2341:
2340:
2330:
2325:
2324:
2323:
2313:
2308:
2303:
2298:
2292:
2290:
2288:
2287:
2284:
2278:
2275:
2274:
2272:
2271:
2266:
2261:
2256:
2251:
2250:
2249:
2239:
2238:
2237:
2232:
2222:
2217:
2212:
2207:
2202:
2197:
2192:
2187:
2181:
2179:
2175:
2174:
2172:
2171:
2166:
2159:
2158:
2157:
2147:
2141:
2139:
2133:
2132:
2130:
2129:
2124:
2123:
2122:
2117:
2112:
2102:
2097:
2092:
2086:
2084:
2078:
2077:
2075:
2074:
2069:
2064:
2059:
2058:
2057:
2047:
2042:
2037:
2031:
2029:
2023:
2022:
2019:
2018:
2016:
2015:
2010:
2005:
2000:
1995:
1990:
1984:
1982:
1978:
1977:
1975:
1974:
1969:
1964:
1958:
1956:
1950:
1949:
1947:
1946:
1941:
1936:
1931:
1926:
1924:Byzantine Bath
1921:
1915:
1913:
1907:
1906:
1904:
1903:
1898:
1893:
1888:
1883:
1878:
1873:
1868:
1863:
1858:
1853:
1847:
1845:
1843:Constantinople
1839:
1838:
1836:
1835:
1834:
1833:
1828:
1818:
1812:
1806:
1796:
1795:
1785:
1784:
1781:
1780:
1777:
1776:
1774:
1773:
1768:
1763:
1758:
1753:
1752:
1751:
1741:
1735:
1733:
1727:
1726:
1724:
1723:
1718:
1717:
1716:
1711:
1706:
1701:
1693:
1688:
1683:
1678:
1673:
1668:
1663:
1658:
1653:
1652:
1651:
1646:
1641:
1636:
1626:
1625:
1624:
1619:
1614:
1609:
1604:
1602:Byzantine Rite
1593:
1591:
1581:
1580:
1570:
1569:
1566:
1565:
1562:
1561:
1559:
1558:
1553:
1548:
1543:
1538:
1533:
1528:
1527:
1526:
1521:
1516:
1506:
1500:
1498:
1492:
1491:
1488:
1487:
1485:
1484:
1482:Grand domestic
1479:
1478:
1477:
1472:
1462:
1461:
1460:
1455:
1448:Komnenian army
1444:
1442:
1438:
1437:
1435:
1434:
1429:
1424:
1419:
1414:
1409:
1404:
1399:
1394:
1389:
1383:
1381:
1377:
1376:
1374:
1373:
1372:
1371:
1366:
1361:
1356:
1346:
1340:
1338:
1334:
1333:
1331:
1330:
1325:
1323:Military units
1320:
1315:
1310:
1305:
1300:
1295:
1293:Battle tactics
1289:
1283:
1273:
1272:
1262:
1261:
1258:
1257:
1254:
1253:
1251:
1250:
1245:
1240:
1235:
1229:
1227:
1221:
1220:
1217:
1216:
1214:
1213:
1208:
1202:
1200:
1196:
1195:
1193:
1192:
1187:
1182:
1177:
1171:
1169:
1165:
1164:
1162:
1161:
1156:
1151:
1146:
1141:
1136:
1130:
1128:
1121:
1115:
1114:
1111:
1110:
1108:
1107:
1102:
1096:
1094:
1090:
1089:
1087:
1086:
1081:
1076:
1071:
1066:
1061:
1056:
1051:
1046:
1040:
1038:
1034:
1033:
1031:
1030:
1025:
1020:
1015:
1010:
1004:
1002:
998:
997:
995:
994:
989:
988:
987:
985:Medieval Greek
977:
976:
975:
970:
965:
954:
948:
940:
939:
929:
928:
925:
924:
921:
920:
918:
917:
912:
907:
902:
900:
895:
890:
885:
880:
879:
878:
873:
863:
858:
853:
848:
843:
838:
833:
828:
823:
818:
812:
810:
805:
802:
801:
799:
798:
793:
788:
783:
756:
755:
754:
744:
743:
742:
740:Fourth Crusade
731:
729:
721:
718:
717:
715:
714:
709:
704:
699:
697:Macedonian era
694:
689:
684:
678:
676:
668:
665:
664:
662:
661:
656:
655:
654:
642:
637:
632:
630:Theodosian era
627:
626:
625:
620:
609:
607:
599:
596:
595:
593:
592:
591:
590:
577:
575:
570:
563:
562:
550:
549:
541:
540:
533:
526:
518:
512:
511:
505:
493:, ed. (1991).
487:
463:
460:
458:
457:
445:
433:
411:
409:
406:
402:Constantinople
269:won the title
261:were those of
165:sigillographic
160:Late Antiquity
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2488:
2477:
2476:Roman consuls
2474:
2472:
2469:
2468:
2466:
2448:
2444:
2440:
2438:
2435:
2433:
2430:
2429:
2427:
2426:
2423:
2413:
2410:
2408:
2405:
2403:
2400:
2398:
2395:
2393:
2390:
2388:
2385:
2383:
2380:
2378:
2375:
2373:
2370:
2369:
2366:
2359:
2355:
2339:
2336:
2335:
2334:
2331:
2329:
2326:
2322:
2319:
2318:
2317:
2314:
2312:
2309:
2307:
2304:
2302:
2299:
2297:
2296:Encyclopedias
2294:
2293:
2291:
2285:
2283:
2280:
2279:
2276:
2270:
2267:
2265:
2262:
2260:
2257:
2255:
2252:
2248:
2245:
2244:
2243:
2240:
2236:
2233:
2231:
2228:
2227:
2226:
2223:
2221:
2220:Hellenization
2218:
2216:
2213:
2211:
2208:
2206:
2203:
2201:
2198:
2196:
2193:
2191:
2188:
2186:
2183:
2182:
2180:
2178:Everyday life
2176:
2170:
2167:
2165:
2164:
2160:
2156:
2153:
2152:
2151:
2150:Acritic songs
2148:
2146:
2143:
2142:
2140:
2138:
2134:
2128:
2125:
2121:
2118:
2116:
2113:
2111:
2108:
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2106:
2103:
2101:
2098:
2096:
2093:
2091:
2088:
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2079:
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2052:
2051:
2048:
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2033:
2032:
2030:
2028:
2024:
2014:
2011:
2009:
2006:
2004:
2001:
1999:
1996:
1994:
1993:Hosios Loukas
1991:
1989:
1986:
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1983:
1979:
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1968:
1965:
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1951:
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1667:
1666:Monophysitism
1664:
1662:
1659:
1657:
1654:
1650:
1647:
1645:
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1640:
1639:Armenian Rite
1637:
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1599:
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1575:
1571:
1557:
1556:Naval battles
1554:
1552:
1549:
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1544:
1542:
1539:
1537:
1534:
1532:
1529:
1525:
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1116:
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1079:Protasekretis
1077:
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1057:
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741:
738:
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736:
733:
732:
730:
724:
719:
713:
710:
708:
707:Komnenian era
705:
703:
700:
698:
695:
693:
690:
688:
685:
683:
680:
679:
677:
671:
666:
660:
657:
652:
648:
647:
646:
645:Heraclian era
643:
641:
640:Justinian era
638:
636:
633:
631:
628:
624:
621:
619:
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615:
614:
611:
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608:
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584:
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506:0-19-504652-8
502:
498:
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488:
484:
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476:
475:
470:
466:
465:
455:, p. 22.
454:
449:
442:
437:
430:
425:
423:
421:
419:
417:
412:
405:
403:
376:
375:
352:
351:
344:
343:
320:
319:
312:
310:
305:
299:
294:
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285:
280:
275:
274:
268:
264:
259:
254:
249:
248:
241:
236:
231:
228:
227:
221:
216:
204:
203:
197:
191:
190:
183:
182:
176:
172:
171:
170:Kletorologion
166:
161:
156:
148:
146:
139:
133:
127:
122:
118:
114:
109:
103:
97:
96:
91:
87:
61:
59:
52:
33:
29:
27:
19:
18:Mount Hypatos
2161:
1929:Hagia Sophia
1911:Thessalonica
1886:Hagia Sophia
1866:Chora Church
1804:Architecture
1681:Great Schism
1671:Paulicianism
1649:Miaphysitism
1504:Karabisianoi
808:or territory
768:Thessalonica
752:Latin Empire
747:Frankokratia
722:
682:Isaurian era
669:
600:
585:
581:Roman Empire
571:
494:
473:
448:
436:
365:twice consul
313:
232:
200:
168:
157:
142:
113:Roman Empire
55:
23:
22:
2412:Megali Idea
2387:Byzantinism
2090:Agriculture
1881:Hagia Irene
1714:Kievan Rus'
1691:Mount Athos
1514:Cibyrrhaeot
1458:Vestiaritai
1313:Mercenaries
1190:Catepanates
1049:Sakellarios
968:Family tree
893:Mesopotamia
712:Angelid era
692:Amorian era
469:Bury, J. B.
333:vice-consul
58:apo hypatōn
2465:Categories
2407:Third Rome
2333:University
2316:Philosophy
2306:Inventions
2169:Historians
2137:Literature
2120:Varangians
1962:San Vitale
1891:Hippodrome
1871:City Walls
1771:Mutilation
1766:Hexabiblos
1686:Bogomilism
1676:Iconoclasm
1546:Megas doux
1536:Greek fire
1519:Aegean Sea
1392:Kleisourai
1369:Excubitors
1359:Bucellarii
1211:Despotates
1180:Kleisourai
1119:Provincial
963:Coronation
937:Governance
702:Doukid era
635:Leonid era
483:1046639111
408:References
350:dishypatos
318:anthypatos
235:Tyrrhenian
210: 975
205:, written
181:spatharios
65:ἀπὸ ὑπάτων
2235:Octoechos
2115:Silk Road
1607:Hesychasm
1475:Paramonai
1422:Hetaireia
1354:Foederati
1243:Diplomacy
1238:Diplomats
1144:Provinces
973:Empresses
776:Trebizond
572:Preceding
453:Bury 1911
441:Bury 1911
342:proconsul
284:hypatissa
273:patrikios
251:, modern
145:hypatissa
121:Latinised
2328:Scholars
2321:Rhetoric
2311:Medicine
2286:Learning
2185:Calendar
2062:Painters
1761:Basilika
1699:Bulgaria
1661:Arianism
1612:Hayhurum
1589:Religion
1551:Admirals
1470:Allagion
1402:Droungos
1308:Generals
1270:Military
1233:Treaties
1139:Dioceses
958:Emperors
871:Sardinia
851:Dalmatia
831:Bulgaria
821:Anatolia
780:Theodoro
774: /
770: /
762: /
471:(1911).
298:doukissa
293:ipatessa
279:Saracens
196:brabeion
185:and the
152:ὑπάτισσα
84:) was a
2437:Outline
2382:Museums
2282:Science
2259:Slavery
2215:Gardens
2195:Cuisine
2127:Dynatoi
2095:Coinage
2082:Economy
2050:Mosaics
2013:Mystras
1954:Ravenna
1816:Secular
1704:Moravia
1453:Pronoia
1427:Akritai
1412:Tagmata
1387:Themata
1328:Revolts
1298:Battles
1206:Kephale
1175:Themata
1105:Mesazon
947:Central
883:Maghreb
836:Corsica
826:Armenia
816:Albania
559:History
462:Sources
389:
359:
327:
304:ducissa
289:Italian
258:hypatoi
215:hypatos
189:strator
175:eunuchs
126:hypatus
102:hypatos
73:
51:hypatoi
26:Hypatos
2447:Portal
2362:Impact
2242:People
2190:Cities
2040:Enamel
1821:Sacred
1756:Ecloga
1622:Saints
1531:Dromon
1407:Bandon
1397:Tourma
1380:Middle
1303:Beacon
1185:Bandon
1168:Middle
1037:Middle
992:Senate
915:Thrace
898:Serbia
876:Sicily
861:Greece
846:Cyprus
764:Epirus
760:Nicaea
670:Middle
547:topics
503:
481:
346:) and
240:consul
212:, the
132:ypatus
108:consul
95:consul
45:ὕπατοι
36:ὕπατος
2432:Index
2264:Death
2254:Women
2225:Music
2205:Dress
2200:Dance
2145:Novel
2105:Trade
2100:Mints
2045:Glass
2035:Icons
1831:Domes
1709:Serbs
1524:Samos
1337:Early
1127:Early
1001:Early
910:Syria
888:Malta
866:Italy
856:Egypt
841:Crete
772:Morea
601:Early
263:Gaeta
138:ipato
90:Latin
32:Greek
2230:Lyra
2110:silk
1721:Jews
1496:Navy
1441:Late
1281:Army
1248:Wars
1199:Late
1093:Late
723:Late
501:ISBN
479:OCLC
386:lit.
356:lit.
324:lit.
253:duke
243:and
70:lit.
2027:Art
1731:Law
429:ODB
247:dux
155:).
129:or
123:as
40:pl.
2467::
415:^
384:,
291::
265:.
207:c.
68:;
48:,
42::
38:;
34::
782:)
778:–
766:–
653:"
649:"
537:e
530:t
523:v
509:.
485:.
398:'
392:'
378:(
368:'
362:'
354:(
336:'
330:'
322:(
301:(
287:(
149:(
82:'
76:'
62:(
30:(
20:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.