2042:
2311:(HCN + ν → CN + H). At further depths, photodissociation by cosmic rays dominate, producing CN (HCN + cr → CN + H). In the dark core, two competing mechanisms destroy it, forming HCN and HCNH (HCN + H → HCN + H; HCN + HCO → HCNH + CO). The reaction with HCO dominates by a factor of ~3.5. HCN has been used to analyze a variety of species and processes in the interstellar medium. It has been suggested as a tracer for dense molecular gas and as a tracer of stellar inflow in high-mass star-forming regions. Further, the HNC/HCN ratio has been shown to be an excellent method for distinguishing between PDRs and X-ray-dominated regions (XDRs).
5481:
431:
278:
62:
72:
884:
984:
889:
874:
879:
6710:
985:
5463:
980:
6674:
49:
88:
5472:
6698:
6686:
1253:
1937:
against many species of pest insects that infest food production facilities. Both its efficacy and method of application lead to very small amounts of the fumigant being used compared to other toxic substances used for the same purpose. Using HCN as a fumigant also has less environmental impact,
983:
2524:
genocide program. Hydrogen cyanide was also used in the camps for delousing clothing in attempts to eradicate diseases carried by lice and other parasites. One of the original Czech producers continued making Zyklon B under the trademark "Uragan D2" until around 2015.
4710:
Cordiner MA, Remijan AJ, Boissier J, Milam SN, Mumma MJ, Charnley SB, et al. (11 August 2014). "Mapping the
Release of Volatiles in the Inner Comae of Comets C/2012 F6 (Lemmon) and C/2012 S1 (ISON) Using the Atacama Large Millimeter/Submillimeter Array".
2444:
in breathing air will kill a human within 10 to 60 minutes. A hydrogen cyanide concentration of 2000 ppm (about 2380 mg/m) will kill a human in about one minute. The toxic effect is caused by the action of the cyanide ion, which halts
2424:
in 1918. It was not found to be effective enough due to weather conditions. The gas is lighter than air and rapidly disperses up into the atmosphere. Rapid dilution made its use in the field impractical. In contrast, denser agents such as
1704:
In 2006, between 500 million and 1 billion pounds (between 230,000 and 450,000 t) were produced in the US. Hydrogen cyanide is produced in large quantities by several processes and is a recovered waste product from the manufacture of
2231:. Although the relationship of these chemical reactions to the origin of life theory remains speculative, studies in this area have led to discoveries of new pathways to organic compounds derived from the condensation of HCN (e.g.
1001:
2257:. Since then, extensive studies have probed formation and destruction pathways of HCN in various environments and examined its use as a tracer for a variety of astronomical species and processes. HCN can be
1587:
plus a volatile component and that these could be used to reconstitute it. The new component was what is now known as hydrogen cyanide. It was subsequently prepared from
Prussian blue by the Swedish chemist
1008:
4815:"Poison Gas Hints at Potential for Life on an Ocean Moon of Saturn - A researcher who has studied the icy world said "the prospects for the development of life are getting better and better on Enceladus.""
897:
5213:
3591:
2582:
harpoons, although it proved quite dangerous to the crew deploying it, and it was quickly abandoned. From the middle of the 18th century it was used in a number of poisoning murders and suicides.
2208:
has been shown to be mediated not only by NO generation, but also by endogenous cyanide generation, which adds not only toxicity, but also some additional antihypertensive efficacy compared to
854:
2476:
as a potential weapon which has large-scale industrial uses. Signatory countries must declare manufacturing plants that produce more than 30 metric tons per year, and allow inspection by the
3882:
Pearce BK, Ayers PW, Pudritz RE (March 2019). "A Consistent
Reduced Network for HCN Chemistry in Early Earth and Titan Atmospheres: Quantum Calculations of Reaction Rate Coefficients".
9511:
5174:
4791:
1370:
by a significant number of authors. Contrary to this view, it is considered organic by other authors, because hydrogen cyanide belongs to the class of organic compounds known as
7362:
1610:
showed that prussic acid did not contain oxygen, an important contribution to acid theory, which had hitherto postulated that acids must contain oxygen (hence the name of
3972:
Borowitz JL, Gunasekar PG, Isom GE (September 1997). "Hydrogen cyanide generation by mu-opiate receptor activation: possible neuromodulatory role of endogenous cyanide".
3785:
Magee BA, Waite JH, Mandt KE, Westlake J, Bell J, Gell DA (December 2009). "INMS-derived composition of Titan's upper atmosphere: Analysis methods and model comparison".
9713:
7443:
6023:
5793:
5753:
5245:
959:
986:
9762:
9749:
5954:
5929:
5919:
9457:
9256:
3330:
9803:
9739:
9729:
9495:
4268:. International Astronomical Union Symposia. Molecules in Astrophysics: Probes and Processes. Vol. 178. Springer Science & Business Media. p. 446.
9772:
9594:
9037:
6325:
5653:
5594:
5502:
2078:
analysis. HCN initially forms in Titan's atmosphere through the reaction of photochemically produced methane and nitrogen radicals which proceed through the H
9813:
9694:
9579:
9448:
9247:
7200:
6414:
6230:
6165:
6105:
6033:
5939:
5833:
5703:
5658:
5329:
4015:
Gunasekar PG, Prabhakaran K, Li L, Zhang L, Isom GE, Borowitz JL (May 2004). "Receptor mechanisms mediating cyanide generation in PC12 cells and rat brain".
2867:
2842:
1120:
6494:
9703:
9556:
9323:
9266:
5959:
5803:
5773:
3595:
2477:
4824:
9684:
9348:
9214:
8910:
5889:
5869:
5542:
9438:
9127:
5914:
4289:
Treffers RR, Larson HP, Fink U, Gautier TN (1978). "Upper limits to trace constituents in
Jupiter's atmosphere from an analysis of its 5-μm spectrum".
1266:
9428:
9360:
2888:
2114:), resulting from interaction of Jupiter and Saturn, blasted the surface of young Earth and reacted with nitrogen in Earth's atmosphere to form HCN.
9826:
9535:
9418:
9314:
5552:
5254:
8920:
5909:
5238:
2386:, some of which are yet to be better identified and understood. According to the researchers, "these compounds could potentially support extant
2074:, where the Cassini spacecraft dipped between 1,000 and 1,100 km (620 and 680 mi) above Titan's surface to collect atmospheric gas for
2437:
of the
Western Front's battlefields. Compared to such agents, hydrogen cyanide had to be present in higher concentrations in order to be fatal.
10493:
9584:
8992:
5579:
3488:
10517:
10509:
6125:
5522:
4781:
3427:
2642:
5203:
4683:
10612:
9901:
5673:
3218:
470:
3944:
1394:. In the case of hydrogen cyanide, the R group is hydrogen H, so the other names of hydrogen cyanide are methanenitrile and formonitrile.
5584:
1785:
This reaction is sometimes the basis of accidental poisonings because the acid converts a nonvolatile cyanide salt into the gaseous HCN.
5231:
5126:
3644:
Blum MS, Woodring JP (October 1962). "Secretion of
Benzaldehyde and Hydrogen Cyanide by the Millipede Pachydesmus crassicutis (Wood)".
2739:
6747:
6452:
5768:
1600:. "Blue acid") because of its acidic nature in water and its derivation from Prussian blue. In English, it became known popularly as
4972:
11539:
5218:
1990:, which slowly release hydrogen cyanide. One hundred grams of crushed apple seeds can yield about 70 mg of HCN. The roots of
4955:
3170:] (in Latin). Vol. 2. Translated by Schäfer GH. (Leipzig ("Lipsiae") (Germany): Johann Godfried Müller. pp. 148–174.
2227:
Hydrogen cyanide has been discussed as a precursor to amino acids and nucleic acids, and is proposed to have played a part in the
2552:
3386:
5984:
5743:
5663:
2094:). Ultraviolet radiation breaks HCN up into CN + H; however, CN is efficiently recycled back into HCN via the reaction CN + CH
3617:
Aregheore EM, Agunbiade OO (June 1991). "The toxic effects of cassava (manihot esculenta grantz) diets on humans: a review".
2701:
823:
61:
6365:
1261:
951:
11534:
5102:
4895:
4195:
Al-Azmi A, Elassar AZ, Booth BL (2003). "The
Chemistry of Diaminomaleonitrile and its Utility in Heterocyclic Synthesis".
7959:
2965:
2940:
2473:
8864:
7575:
6617:
4273:
3338:
2905:
2773:
2715:
71:
7590:
7580:
6517:
5013:
4814:
1366:
or not is a topic of debate among chemists, and opinions vary from author to author. Traditionally, it is considered
445:
1626:
prepared pure, liquified hydrogen cyanide. In 1815, Gay-Lussac deduced
Prussic acid's chemical formula. The radical
10605:
9894:
9376:
9143:
7418:
6861:
3359:
Endter F (1958). "Die technische
Synthese von Cyanwasserstoff aus Methan und Ammoniak ohne Zusatz von Sauerstoff".
2303:
HCN is destroyed in interstellar clouds through a number of mechanisms depending on the location in the cloud. In
1456:
and human poison, as well as for killing whales. Cyanide ions interfere with iron-containing respiratory enzymes.
1273:
8826:
7049:
6642:
2145:). Moreover, increased endogenous neuronal HCN production under opioids was seemingly needed for adequate opioid
3441:
8307:
8116:
7870:
5050:
4925:
3053:
2665:
2315:
329:
4326:"Submillimeter- and Millimeter-Wavelength Observations of SiO and HCN in Circumstellar Envelopes of AGB Stars"
8302:
7550:
6740:
6567:
994:
110:
6725:
11544:
11529:
11482:
7902:
7448:
6602:
2352:
In
February 2016, it was announced that traces of hydrogen cyanide were found in the atmosphere of the hot
2041:
945:
378:
273:
3825:"HCN Production in Titan's Atmosphere: Coupling Quantum Chemistry and Disequilibrium Atmospheric Modeling"
2987:
Bläsing, Kevin; Harloff, Jörg; Schulz, Axel; Stoffers, Alrik; Stoer, Philip; Villinger, Alexander (2020).
2149:, as analgesic action of opioids was attenuated by HCN scavengers. They considered endogenous HCN to be a
2034:. Hydrogen cyanide is contained in the exhaust of vehicles, and in smoke from burning nitrogen-containing
888:
11524:
10598:
9887:
7684:
7628:
7622:
7544:
7519:
7413:
6976:
5798:
2469:
2197:, and other pathogens by generating several different toxic chemicals, one of which is hydrogen cyanide.
409:
8292:
3331:"Non-confidential 2006 IUR Records by Chemical, including Manufacturing, Processing and Use Information"
883:
8813:
8523:
7991:
7570:
7317:
4523:
Gao Y, olomon PM (2004). "HCN Survey of Normal Spiral, Infrared-luminous, and Ultraluminous Galaxies".
2285:
1469:
1144:
1131:
644:
623:
1720:) in which no oxygen is added and the energy must be transferred indirectly through the reactor wall:
1339:, used in mining and plastics, respectively. It is more toxic than solid cyanide compounds due to its
8781:
8189:
7986:
6557:
6552:
5733:
4713:
3477:
2450:
1403:
285:
8842:
8498:
8483:
8091:
8001:
7835:
7648:
7473:
6733:
6597:
2133:
by endogenous or exogenous opioids. They have also shown that neuronal production of HCN activates
1031:
426:
323:
2505:– prussic acid; also, to distinguish it from an earlier product later known as Zyklon A), used in
1771:
In the laboratory, small amounts of HCN are produced by the addition of acids to cyanide salts of
11306:
9548:
8046:
8041:
7616:
6677:
3226:
3195:
2304:
2130:
1623:
1607:
3147:
Kungliga Svenska Vetenskapsakademiens Handlingar (Royal Swedish Academy of Science's Proceedings
1323:, at 25.6 °C (78.1 °F). HCN is produced on an industrial scale and is a highly valued
873:
215:
11253:
10396:
9941:
9788:
9046:
8857:
8071:
7825:
7653:
7004:
6994:
6841:
6532:
5497:
5407:
5284:
5279:
4225:
Snyder LE, Buhl D (1971). "Observations of Radio Emission from Interstellar Hydrogen Cyanide".
3293:
Andrussow L (1935). "The catalytic oxydation of ammonia-methane-mixtures to hydrogen cyanide".
2367:
2360:
2111:
1789:
1635:
1449:
1340:
799:
5005:
4998:
4261:
3746:
Loison JC, Hébrard E, Dobrijevic M, Hickson KM, Caralp F, Hue V, et al. (February 2015).
3271:
3248:
3182:
3159:
3142:
2886:
Gail, E.; Gos, S.; Kulzer, R.; Lorösch, J.; Rubo, A.; Sauer, M. "Cyano Compounds, Inorganic".
2288:(HCNH + e → HCN + H). The dissociative recombination pathway is dominant by 30%; however, the
921:
11509:
11385:
10990:
10472:
10375:
9991:
9061:
8443:
7970:
7771:
7679:
6587:
6562:
6200:
5818:
5365:
4058:
Smith RP, Kruszyna H (January 1976). "Toxicology of some inorganic antihypertensive anions".
2270:
2014:
1995:
1911:
1324:
911:
866:
100:
5193:
5134:
4766:
3798:
3442:"Manual of fumigation for insect control – Space fumigation at atmospheric pressure (Cont.)"
2732:
11082:
10407:
10388:
10186:
10174:
9237:
8770:
8598:
8518:
8179:
8106:
8061:
8026:
8006:
7555:
7054:
6924:
6918:
6856:
6765:
6648:
6632:
6257:
5628:
5599:
5480:
5304:
4871:
4732:
4648:
4595:
4542:
4489:
4436:
4378:
4337:
4298:
4234:
4149:
3901:
3846:
3794:
3759:
3653:
3557:
3514:
3304:
2454:
2446:
2205:
1829:
1589:
878:
387:
5157:"Documentation for Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health Concentrations (IDLHs) – 74908"
8:
11160:
11124:
11015:
10927:
10670:
10660:
10415:
10380:
10131:
9569:
9393:
9289:
9185:
8803:
8463:
8231:
8159:
8154:
8086:
8011:
7694:
7643:
7514:
7504:
7274:
7085:
6912:
6886:
6876:
6846:
6592:
6572:
6385:
6075:
5563:
5427:
5402:
5370:
5289:
5188:
4993:
4782:"What Is Life? - The answer matters in space exploration. But we still don't really know"
4576:
Wu J, Evans NJ (2003). "Indications of Inflow Motions in Regions Forming Massive Stars".
4470:
Gao Y, Solomon PM (2004). "The Star Formation Rate and Dense Molecular Gas in Galaxies".
3077:
Ferris, J. P.; Sanchez, R. A. (1968). "Diaminomaleonitrile (Hydrogen Cyanide Tetramer)".
2509:
2319:
2297:
2277:
2250:
2138:
2063:
2059:
2008:
1978:, from which almond oil and extract is made. Many of these pits contain small amounts of
1888:
1651:
1535:
1423:
1182:
255:
163:
4875:
4736:
4652:
4599:
4546:
4493:
4440:
4382:
4341:
4302:
4238:
4153:
3905:
3850:
3763:
3657:
3561:
3518:
3308:
2602:
1430:
527:
235:
197:
173:
11519:
11418:
11273:
11186:
11142:
10932:
10621:
10423:
10286:
10123:
9176:
8831:
8689:
8644:
8603:
8503:
7981:
7948:
7875:
7689:
7483:
6851:
6690:
6612:
6582:
6527:
6404:
6380:
5879:
5813:
5678:
5638:
5489:
5452:
5412:
5391:
5334:
5309:
4952:
4887:
4861:
4819:
4748:
4722:
4664:
4638:
4611:
4585:
4558:
4532:
4505:
4479:
4452:
4426:
4396:
4172:
4137:
4113:
4086:
4085:
Talhout R, Schulz T, Florek E, van Benthem J, Wester P, Opperhuizen A (February 2011).
4040:
3997:
3925:
3891:
3864:
3836:
3723:
3696:
3677:
3021:
2988:
2537:
2342:
1903:
1445:
1367:
1301:
751:
736:
430:
277:
4208:
3985:
3748:"The neutral photochemistry of nitriles, amines and imines in the atmosphere of Titan"
3569:
3526:
2002:, which decompose into HCN in yields of up to 370 mg per kilogram of fresh root. Some
1614:
itself, which is derived from Greek elements that mean "acid-former" and are likewise
11514:
11338:
11320:
11200:
11026:
10844:
10839:
10825:
10737:
10732:
10665:
10299:
9222:
9110:
9100:
9027:
9017:
9002:
8928:
8850:
8649:
8508:
8428:
8076:
8036:
7996:
7850:
7669:
7664:
7610:
7605:
7585:
7539:
6799:
6637:
6220:
6120:
6090:
6008:
5748:
5633:
5589:
5537:
5344:
5339:
5271:
5009:
4921:
4891:
4847:
4744:
4456:
4400:
4310:
4269:
4177:
4118:
4067:
4032:
3989:
3917:
3868:
3747:
3728:
3669:
3626:
3573:
3530:
3393:
3295:
3059:
3049:
3026:
2901:
2812:
2769:
2711:
2671:
2661:
2568:
2545:
2533:
2441:
2416:, hydrogen cyanide was used by the French from 1916 as a chemical weapon against the
2407:
2391:
2142:
2075:
1939:
1865:
1332:
1293:
1222:
1212:
1207:
722:
31:
27:
5223:
4752:
4668:
4509:
4044:
4001:
3929:
3681:
3459:
2292:
must be in its linear form. Dissociative recombination with its structural isomer, H
11471:
11175:
11096:
10972:
10889:
10697:
10692:
10681:
10568:
10347:
10242:
10167:
9343:
9333:
9198:
9154:
9090:
8957:
8947:
8935:
8786:
8613:
8493:
8056:
8031:
8021:
7699:
7565:
7509:
7264:
7246:
7215:
7210:
7205:
7195:
7190:
7185:
7137:
7126:
6986:
6826:
6794:
6760:
6714:
6702:
6622:
6522:
6427:
5808:
5683:
5648:
5569:
5517:
5422:
5355:
5103:"Arizona 'refurbishes' its gas chamber to prepare for executions, documents reveal"
4879:
4852:
4740:
4656:
4615:
4603:
4562:
4550:
4497:
4444:
4386:
4345:
4306:
4242:
4204:
4167:
4157:
4108:
4098:
4024:
3981:
3909:
3854:
3802:
3767:
3718:
3708:
3661:
3565:
3522:
3368:
3312:
3123:
3086:
3016:
3008:
2893:
2802:
2458:
2421:
2383:
2212:
and other non-cyanogenic nitrates which do not cause blood cyanide levels to rise.
2164:
1841:
1655:
1549:
1483:
1438:
1363:
1352:
1344:
1320:
1297:
1202:
687:
566:
493:
7167:
7077:
3417:
2922:"Human Metabolome Database: Showing metabocard for Hydrogen cyanide (HMDB0060292)"
2897:
937:
11367:
11268:
11110:
10854:
10849:
10762:
10530:
10332:
10230:
9544:
9477:
9467:
9408:
9275:
9115:
8905:
8669:
8448:
8164:
7917:
7840:
7820:
7742:
6836:
6816:
6310:
6285:
5823:
5763:
5547:
5447:
5432:
5417:
5324:
5314:
4959:
4367:"Detection of a Second, Strong Sub-millimeter HCN Laser Line toward Carbon Stars"
4028:
3771:
3665:
2335:
1750:
1742:
1545:
1197:
1192:
1044:
763:
4937:
2632:
2024:
release hydrogen cyanide as a defense mechanism, as do certain insects, such as
351:
11429:
11349:
11278:
10942:
10722:
10484:
10439:
10431:
10111:
10098:
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9482:
9403:
9207:
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9012:
8971:
8961:
8588:
8528:
8453:
8392:
8126:
8066:
7815:
7256:
7027:
6952:
6866:
6547:
6512:
6295:
6185:
6150:
6135:
6070:
6065:
5964:
5864:
5783:
5758:
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5668:
5643:
5512:
5360:
4883:
3859:
3824:
3119:
2564:
2521:
2434:
2417:
2395:
2244:
2209:
2201:
2150:
1983:
1975:
1943:
1915:
1877:
1861:
1849:
1576:
1509:
1244:
1227:
1187:
955:
674:
667:
662:
602:
591:
5208:
5076:
4684:"Release 14-038 – NASA's 3-D Study of Comets Reveals Chemical Factory at Work"
4660:
3806:
2973:
2838:
1096:
1068:
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11443:
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11211:
11001:
10913:
10899:
10879:
10811:
10777:
10742:
10632:
10548:
10447:
10310:
10294:
10265:
9954:
9308:
8792:
8739:
8734:
8664:
8608:
8473:
8458:
8412:
8237:
8200:
8169:
8016:
7865:
7748:
7674:
7600:
6971:
6896:
6821:
6755:
6577:
6432:
6315:
6290:
6271:
6215:
6095:
6053:
6048:
5788:
5778:
5738:
5613:
5507:
5462:
5437:
5319:
5299:
5029:
3913:
3316:
3090:
2816:
2675:
2560:
2387:
2216:
2134:
2110:
It has been postulated that carbon from a cascade of asteroids (known as the
2030:
1772:
1706:
1580:
1541:
1379:
780:
555:
545:
266:
5156:
4629:
Loenen AF (2007). "Molecular properties of (U)LIRGs: CO, HCN, HNC and HCO".
3104:
F. Wagenknecht; R. Juza (1963). "Mercury (II) cyanide". In G. Brauer (ed.).
3063:
2859:
2807:
2790:
2280:
clouds through one of two major pathways: via a neutral-neutral reaction (CH
1884:, a variety of useful organic compounds are prepared from HCN including the
1828:
The large demand for cyanides for mining operations in the 1890s was met by
1634:, not only an English word for a shade of blue but the Greek word for blue (
11457:
11403:
11239:
11225:
11068:
11054:
10952:
10782:
10752:
10702:
10646:
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8140:
8051:
7953:
7897:
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7737:
7704:
7633:
7595:
7534:
7499:
7397:
7019:
6999:
6871:
6770:
6653:
6507:
6360:
6300:
6280:
6252:
6180:
6060:
6043:
5998:
5949:
5854:
5574:
5527:
5375:
4786:
4181:
4122:
4036:
3921:
3732:
3713:
3673:
3534:
3372:
3030:
3012:
2935:
2544:
decided against it, instead using the atomic bombs developed by the secret
2541:
2529:
2513:
2506:
2366:
On 14 December 2023, astronomers reported the first time discovery, in the
2323:
2186:
2046:
1923:
1761:
1336:
1217:
4412:
4410:
4103:
4071:
3993:
3630:
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2921:
2657:
1007:
10962:
10859:
10712:
10463:
10249:
10198:
10162:
9071:
8754:
8729:
8684:
8547:
8513:
8377:
8372:
8337:
8332:
8327:
8322:
8317:
8297:
8216:
8205:
8195:
7907:
7638:
7529:
7524:
7458:
7157:
7142:
7114:
7096:
7068:
6960:
6781:
6627:
6537:
6502:
6469:
6395:
6370:
6210:
6115:
6085:
5969:
5884:
5874:
5604:
5532:
4590:
4537:
4484:
4431:
4417:
Boger GI, Sternberg A (2005). "CN and HCN in Dense Interstellar Clouds".
4220:
4218:
4138:"Simple Organics and Biomonomers Identified in HCN Polymers: An Overview"
2462:
2413:
2356:
2353:
2258:
2254:
2228:
2160:
1979:
1881:
1717:
1453:
1407:
1020:
5077:"How would have WW2 gone if the US had not used nuclear bombs on Japan?"
4848:"Detection of HCN and diverse redox chemistry in the plume of Enceladus"
4162:
993:
11040:
10869:
10071:
8988:
8704:
8699:
8679:
8674:
8659:
8654:
8567:
8562:
8538:
8362:
8347:
8342:
8287:
8282:
7964:
7845:
7804:
7798:
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7765:
7759:
7726:
7718:
7659:
7453:
7225:
7131:
7120:
6942:
6936:
6542:
6484:
6447:
6422:
6320:
6130:
5993:
4407:
4136:
Ruiz-Bermejo, Marta; Zorzano, María-Paz; Osuna-Esteban, Susana (2013).
3145:[Experiment concerning the coloring substance in Berlin blue].
2585:
Hydrogen cyanide gas in air is explosive at concentrations above 5.6%.
2556:
2346:
2266:
2157:
2025:
1899:
1896:
1584:
1479:
1331:
to pharmaceuticals. Large-scale applications are for the production of
1000:
577:
504:
286:
246:
4215:
3823:
Pearce BK, Molaverdikhani K, Pudritz RE, Henning T, Hébrard E (2020).
48:
10590:
10544:
10274:
10217:
10057:
9963:
8872:
8799:
8749:
8724:
8714:
8639:
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8357:
8352:
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8252:
8226:
8211:
8149:
8096:
7855:
7793:
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7754:
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7309:
7102:
6966:
6905:
6831:
6474:
6339:
6175:
5979:
5859:
5713:
5688:
2707:
2371:
2262:
2182:
2146:
2067:
2020:
2003:
1999:
1987:
1919:
1659:
1494:. HCN forms hydrogen bonds with its conjugate base, species such as
1312:
706:
398:
5054:
3697:"Cyanogenesis in Arthropods: From Chemical Warfare to Nuptial Gifts"
3548:
Jones DA (January 1998). "Why are so many food plants cyanogenic?".
1243:
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their
10947:
10552:
10238:
10049:
9933:
9910:
9879:
8808:
8709:
8618:
8583:
8488:
8402:
8312:
8262:
8145:
8134:
8111:
8101:
8081:
7976:
7943:
7937:
7927:
7327:
7299:
7294:
7289:
6930:
6789:
6442:
6354:
6155:
6018:
6003:
5974:
5843:
5618:
5442:
5386:
5380:
5349:
5294:
5262:
4866:
4607:
4554:
4501:
4448:
4391:
4366:
4350:
4325:
4246:
3896:
3841:
2486:
2430:
2426:
2190:
1959:
1934:
1754:
1675:
1419:
1415:
1391:
1371:
1328:
1232:
966:
312:
87:
35:
4727:
4643:
3822:
3219:"Claude Louis Berthollet: A Great Chemist in the French Tradition"
2836:
196:
10574:
10562:
10538:
10205:
10150:
10093:
10066:
10044:
10034:
9949:
9925:
8982:
8874:
8557:
8552:
8267:
8257:
8247:
8242:
7932:
7560:
7478:
7463:
7438:
7433:
7428:
7423:
7392:
7387:
7382:
7377:
7372:
7342:
7337:
7332:
7322:
7230:
7220:
7180:
7175:
7152:
7147:
6881:
6607:
6437:
6390:
6349:
6305:
6247:
6242:
6205:
6195:
6190:
6145:
6140:
6080:
6013:
5904:
5899:
5849:
5728:
5718:
5471:
4091:
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
3422:
2791:"Main group cyanides: from hydrogen cyanide to cyanido-complexes"
2637:
2579:
2308:
2232:
2035:
1991:
1967:
1892:
1885:
1833:
1765:
1746:
1713:
1667:
1663:
1487:
1356:
1316:
679:
581:
535:
338:
20:
4135:
917:
8775:
8438:
8433:
8221:
7367:
7357:
7352:
7347:
7009:
6811:
6658:
6479:
6461:
5924:
5894:
5396:
2375:
2289:
2127:
2123:
1963:
1873:
1845:
1844:
in 1894 developed a synthesis starting from coal, ammonia, and
1832:, who patented a method to produce hydrogen cyanide by passing
1671:
1615:
1611:
1505:
1465:
1411:
929:
4084:
3745:
2609:. UK: European Bioinformatics Institute. 18 October 2009. Main
2559:, where it was produced during the execution by the action of
1575:
Hydrogen cyanide was first isolated in 1752 by French chemist
26:"Cyanide gas" redirects here. For other gaseous cyanides, see
10026:
10021:
10013:
9983:
8719:
8634:
8593:
7880:
7284:
7279:
7269:
7108:
7091:
7044:
5693:
5623:
5197:
2864:
Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health Concentrations (IDLH)
2339:
2194:
2070:, and one instrument on Earth. One of these measurements was
1971:
1955:
1927:
1383:
1308:
362:
226:
186:
19:"Cyanane" redirects here. For a class of synthetic dyes, see
7363:
Octamethylene-bis(5-dimethylcarbamoxyisoquinolinium bromide)
4709:
3694:
2986:
414:
10580:
7890:
7885:
7444:
2-Ethoxycarbonyl-1-methylvinyl cyclohexyl methylphosphonate
4688:
4014:
2379:
2331:
2318:
for the first time, that detailed the distribution of HCN,
2314:
On 11 August 2014, astronomers released studies, using the
1907:
1869:
1837:
1631:
1442:
1434:
1387:
1157:
925:
522:
303:
5204:
National Pollutant Inventory: Cyanide compounds fact sheet
5074:
8277:
7830:
4918:
Chemische Kampfstoffe: Geschichte, Eigenschaften, Wirkung
4288:
3945:"Making Sense of the Chemistry That Led to Life on Earth"
3695:
Zagrobelny M, de Castro ÉC, Møller BL, Bak S (May 2018).
3594:. The Naked Scientists. 26 September 2010. Archived from
2658:
Hydrogen cyanide and cyanides : human health aspects
2551:
Hydrogen cyanide was also the agent employed in judicial
2378:, of hydrogen cyanide, a possible chemical essential for
3505:
Vetter J (January 2000). "Plant cyanogenic glycosides".
3143:"Försök, beträffande det färgande ämnet uti Berlinerblå"
5173:
Institut national de recherche et de sécurité (1997). "
4323:
3784:
4975:. Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons
2126:
can produce hydrogen cyanide upon activation of their
5253:
3971:
3103:
2868:
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
2843:
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
2457:. As such, hydrogen cyanide is commonly listed among
1642:), again owing to its derivation from Prussian blue.
933:
3108:. Vol. 2 (2nd ed.). NY,NY: Academic Press.
2656:
Simeonova, Fina Petrova; Fishbein, Lawrence (2004).
2478:
Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons
2049:
is a giant swirling cloud of HCN (November 29, 2012)
4769:. ESA/Hubble Information Centre. February 16, 2016.
4681:
4194:
2433:tended to remain at ground level and sank into the
2316:
Atacama Large Millimeter/Submillimeter Array (ALMA)
2269:windows. The J=1→0, J=3→2, J= 4→3, and J=10→9 pure
1823:
1508:to give nitriles. The conversion, which is called
1397:
4997:
3881:
3616:
3157:
2699:
2401:
1592:in 1782, and was eventually given the German name
4846:Peter, Jonah S.; et al. (14 December 2023).
3126:[Chemical examination of Prussian blue].
2655:
214:
11501:
2885:
350:
4948:
4946:
4845:
4266:Molecules in Astrophysics: Probes and Processes
3198:[Extract of a memoir on prussic acid].
2540:, the planned invasion of Japan, but President
2307:(PDRs), photodissociation dominates, producing
2156:It has also been shown that, while stimulating
982:
172:
4416:
3967:
3965:
3168:The dark matter tingente caerulei berolinensis
2989:"Salts of HCN-Cyanide Aggregates: [CN(HCN)
2889:Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry
2175:) muscarinic cholinergic stimulation actually
1852:, which reacts with acid to form gaseous HCN.
1674:at about 1,200 °C (2,190 °F) over a
10606:
9895:
8858:
6741:
5239:
4992:
4364:
4057:
3818:
3816:
3428:National Center for Biotechnology Information
3076:
2643:National Center for Biotechnology Information
2516:to kill Jews and other persecuted minorities
2222:
550:−13.29 °C (8.08 °F; 259.86 K)
4943:
4682:Zubritsky E, Neal-Jones N (11 August 2014).
4324:Bieging JH, Shaked S, Gensheimer PD (2000).
3643:
3196:"Extrait d'un mémoire sur l'acide prussique"
3046:Homogeneous Catalysis: Understanding the Art
2788:
2500:
2484:
2440:A hydrogen cyanide concentration of 100–200
1630:in hydrogen cyanide was given its name from
1534:Four molecules of HCN will tetramerize into
4962:. Cyanidecode.org. Retrieved on 2012-06-02.
4767:"First detection of super-earth atmosphere"
3962:
3160:"De materia tingente caerulei berolinensis"
3106:Handbook of Preparative Inorganic Chemistry
1645:
10613:
10599:
9902:
9888:
8865:
8851:
6748:
6734:
5246:
5232:
5100:
4469:
4224:
3813:
3269:
3246:
3193:
3187:Mémoires de l'Académie Royale des Sciences
3180:
3128:Mémoires de l'Académie royale des Sciences
2881:
2879:
2877:
2789:Schulz, Axel; Surkau, Jonas (2022-09-21).
2578:, HCN has been used as a killing agent in
1343:nature. A solution of hydrogen cyanide in
1025:−17.8 °C (0.0 °F; 255.3 K)
429:
276:
254:
16:Highly toxic chemical with the formula HCN
5175:Cyanure d'hydrogène et solutions aqueuses
5075:Binkov's Battlegrounds (April 27, 2022).
4865:
4726:
4642:
4589:
4536:
4522:
4483:
4430:
4390:
4349:
4259:
4171:
4161:
4112:
4102:
3895:
3858:
3840:
3722:
3712:
3292:
3158:Scheele CW, Hebenstreit EB, eds. (1789).
3048:. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers.
3020:
2806:
2627:
2625:
2623:
2532:, the US considered using it, along with
1938:compared to some other fumigants such as
1880:of those metals. Via the intermediacy of
1552:is formed from aqueous hydrogen cyanide:
1512:, employs nickel complexes as catalysts.
386:
2959:
2957:
2837:NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards.
2695:
2693:
2691:
2689:
2687:
2685:
2607:Chemical Entities of Biological Interest
2040:
1788:Hydrogen cyanide could be obtained from
1327:to many chemical compounds ranging from
1039:538 °C (1,000 °F; 811 K)
65:Ball and stick model of hydrogen cyanide
5189:International Chemical Safety Card 0492
4575:
4525:Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series
3216:
3140:
3118:
3043:
3001:Angewandte Chemie International Edition
2874:
2763:
2045:The South Pole Vortex of Saturn's moon
1570:
425:
328:
11502:
10620:
8895:
8873:Salts and covalent derivatives of the
7629:Methylphosphonyl dichloride (dichloro)
7623:Methylphosphonyl difluoride (difluoro)
5209:NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards
4628:
4087:"Hazardous compounds in tobacco smoke"
3504:
3358:
2854:
2852:
2832:
2830:
2828:
2826:
2620:
2171:HCN production, in a living organism (
1459:
267:
10594:
9883:
9673:
8846:
7871:Tetramethylenedisulfotetramine (TETS)
6729:
5227:
4898:from the original on 15 December 2023
4827:from the original on 14 December 2023
4812:
4779:
3547:
2954:
2801:(1). Walter de Gruyter GmbH: 49–188.
2703:CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics
2682:
2660:(Report). World Health Organization.
2453:for an enzyme in mitochondria called
2105:
1548:from alkali metal cyanide salts, but
1452:compound has been used as inhalation
457:Key: LELOWRISYMNNSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N
234:
9909:
4794:from the original on 5 December 2023
3942:
3274:[Research on prussic acid].
1840:in 1892. This method was used until
560:26 °C (79 °F; 299 K)
7960:Dimethyl(trifluoromethylthio)arsine
4813:Chang, Kenneth (14 December 2023).
3884:The Journal of Physical Chemistry A
3124:"Éxamen chymique de bleu de Prusse"
2941:Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man
2849:
2823:
341:
311:
75:Spacefill model of hydrogen cyanide
13:
7576:Dimethylamidophosphoric dichloride
6618:Nexus for Exoplanet System Science
3478:"Chapter 10 : Methyl Bromide"
3185:[Memoir on prussic acid].
2733:"pKa's of Inorganic and Oxo-Acids"
1650:The most important process is the
1355:of the cyanide anion are known as
978:
70:
60:
14:
11556:
7591:Ethylphosphonoselenoic dichloride
7581:Dimethylamidophosphoric dicyanide
6518:Atomic and molecular astrophysics
5255:Molecules detected in outer space
5167:
3446:Food and Agriculture Organization
3387:"MSDS for potassium ferricyanide"
3272:"Recherche sur l'acide prussique"
3044:Leeuwen, P. W. N. M. van (2004).
2963:
2730:
2483:Perhaps its most infamous use is
7419:Dicyclohexyl phosphorofluoridate
6862:2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzodioxin
6708:
6696:
6684:
6673:
6672:
5479:
5470:
5461:
5032:. Chemical Factory Draslovka a.s
4953:Environmental and Health Effects
4780:Green, Jaime (5 December 2023).
3494:from the original on 2022-10-09.
3251:[Note on prussic acid].
2700:Haynes, William M., ed. (2011).
2603:"hydrogen cyanide (CHEBI:18407)"
2382:as we know it, as well as other
1824:Historical methods of production
1398:Structure and general properties
1347:, represented as HCN, is called
1251:
887:
882:
877:
872:
86:
47:
11540:Soviet chemical weapons program
8827:List of chemical warfare agents
7050:Dibutylchloromethyltin chloride
6643:Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon
5219:Density of Hydrogen Cyanide gas
5149:
5119:
5094:
5068:
5043:
5022:
4986:
4965:
4931:
4910:
4839:
4806:
4773:
4759:
4703:
4675:
4622:
4569:
4516:
4463:
4358:
4317:
4282:
4253:
4188:
4129:
4078:
4051:
4008:
3936:
3875:
3778:
3739:
3688:
3637:
3619:Veterinary and Human Toxicology
3610:
3584:
3541:
3498:
3470:
3460:"New greenhouse gas identified"
3452:
3434:
3410:
3379:
3352:
3323:
3286:
3263:
3240:
3210:
3183:"Mémoire sur l'acide prussique"
3174:
3134:
3112:
3097:
3070:
3037:
2980:
2928:
2914:
2766:Handbook of Inorganic Chemicals
2745:from the original on 2022-10-09
2420:, and by the United States and
2402:As a poison and chemical weapon
1855:
1437:that some people are unable to
1362:Whether hydrogen cyanide is an
1247:(at 25 °C , 100 kPa).
5181:, Paris:INRS, 5pp. (PDF file,
5101:Pilkington, Ed (28 May 2021).
5000:Auschwitz, 1270 to the present
2795:Reviews in Inorganic Chemistry
2782:
2757:
2724:
2649:
2595:
1:
6568:Extraterrestrial liquid water
5194:Hydrogen cyanide and cyanides
4365:Schilke P, Menten KM (2003).
4209:10.1016/S0040-4020(03)00153-4
3986:10.1016/S0006-8993(97)00659-8
3570:10.1016/S0031-9422(97)00425-1
3527:10.1016/S0041-0101(99)00128-2
2936:"Cyanide, inability to smell"
2898:10.1002/14356007.a08_159.pub2
2588:
2249:HCN has been detected in the
2122:Some authors have shown that
2117:
1949:
1504:Hydrogen cyanide reacts with
1125:(US health exposure limits):
7903:Trimethylolpropane phosphite
7449:Neopentylene fluorophosphate
5053:. 2015-07-17. Archived from
4311:10.1016/0019-1035(78)90171-9
4264:. In van Dishoeck EF (ed.).
4029:10.1016/j.neures.2004.01.006
3772:10.1016/j.icarus.2014.09.039
3666:10.1126/science.138.3539.512
3592:"Are Apple Cores Poisonous?"
3249:"Note sur l'acide prussique"
1768:, are reacted with ammonia.
1712:Of lesser importance is the
1606:In 1787, the French chemist
7:
11535:Gaseous signaling molecules
7685:3,3,5-Trimethylcyclohexanol
7545:N,N-Diisopropylaminoethanol
7414:Diisopropyl fluorophosphate
5799:Protonated hydrogen cyanide
5214:Department of health review
5127:"The Poison Garden website"
4938:Weapons of War - Poison Gas
3787:Planetary and Space Science
3164:Opuscula Chemica et Physica
2470:Chemical Weapons Convention
2238:
2062:by four instruments on the
2053:
1906:, and the chelating agents
1868:, which are used mainly in
1760:In the Shawinigan Process,
1464:Hydrogen cyanide is weakly
1057:or concentration (LD, LC):
509:27.0253 g/mol
56:
10:
11561:
9675:
8524:Hexamethylene diisocyanate
7992:Phenylcarbylamine chloride
7318:Dimethylcarbamoyl fluoride
4916:Schnedlitz, Markus (2008)
4884:10.1038/s41550-023-02160-0
4745:10.1088/2041-8205/792/1/L2
2405:
2286:dissociative recombination
2253:and in the atmospheres of
2242:
2223:HCN and the origin of life
2082:CN intermediate, e.g., (CH
1933:HCN is used globally as a
1639:
1557:HgO + 2 HCN → Hg(CN)
1544:are typically prepared by
25:
18:
10628:
10529:
10368:
10110:
10006:
9918:
8897:
8882:
8822:
8782:Fluoroethyl fluoroacetate
8763:
8627:
8576:
8537:
8401:
8178:
8125:
7987:Perchloromethyl mercaptan
7916:
7717:
7492:
7406:
7398:4-686-293-01 (Agent 1-10)
7308:
7255:
7239:
7166:
7076:
7067:
7037:
7018:
6985:
6951:
6904:
6895:
6780:
6667:
6558:Earliest known life forms
6553:Diffuse interstellar band
6493:
6413:
6338:
6229:
6164:
6104:
6032:
6024:Protonated cyanoacetylene
5938:
5832:
5794:Protonated carbon dioxide
5754:Hydromagnesium isocyanide
5702:
5488:
5459:
5270:
5261:
5159:. NIOSH. 2 November 2018.
4996:; Dwork, Debórah (1996).
4714:The Astrophysical Journal
4661:10.1017/S1743921307013609
4631:Proceedings IAU Symposium
3807:10.1016/j.pss.2009.06.016
3217:Newbold BT (1999-11-01).
2451:non-competitive inhibitor
2296:NC, exclusively produces
2058:HCN has been measured in
1918:process, HCN is added to
1741:This reaction is akin to
1670:react in the presence of
1241:
1168:
1119:
1053:
853:
848:
773:
730:orthorhombic (<170 K)
715:
486:
466:
441:
156:
121:
109:
99:
94:
85:
55:
46:
8499:Chloroacetophenone oxime
8484:Bromomethyl ethyl ketone
8092:Trifluoroacetyl chloride
8002:Tetrachlorodinitroethane
7649:Phosphorus pentachloride
7474:Methanesulfonyl fluoride
6603:Iron–sulfur world theory
6598:Photodissociation region
6301:Methyl-cyano-diacetylene
5179:Fiche toxicologique n° 4
3914:10.1021/acs.jpca.8b11323
3860:10.3847/1538-4357/abae5c
3418:"Potassium ferricyanide"
3361:Chemie Ingenieur Technik
3317:10.1002/ange.19350483702
3091:10.15227/orgsyn.048.0060
2305:photon-dominated regions
2273:have all been observed.
2215:HCN is a constituent of
2141:between neuronal cells (
2031:Paropsisterna eucalyptus
1860:HCN is the precursor to
1646:Production and synthesis
946:Precautionary statements
517:Colorless liquid or gas
8778:(variants and mixtures)
8047:Trichloronitrosomethane
8042:Trifluoronitrosomethane
7617:Methyldichlorophosphine
6678:Category:Astrochemistry
6268:, fullerene, buckyball)
5955:Cyanobutadiynyl radical
5930:Silicon-carbide cluster
5920:Protonated formaldehyde
3799:2009P&SS...57.1895M
3156:Reprinted in Latin as:
2892:. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH.
2808:10.1515/revic-2021-0044
2284:+ N → HCN + H) and via
1954:HCN is obtainable from
1624:Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac
1608:Claude Louis Berthollet
1378:, where R is typically
1374:which have the formula
1109:759 ppm (rabbit, 1 min)
1107:107 ppm (human, 10 min)
1103:200 ppm (mammal, 5 min)
8577:Cornea-clouding agents
8072:Phosphorus trichloride
7654:Phosphorus trichloride
7388:Miotine (AR-28/T-1843)
6842:Phosphorus trifluoride
6691:Outer space portal
6533:Circumstellar envelope
5498:Aluminium(I) hydroxide
5408:Phosphorus mononitride
5285:Aluminium monofluoride
5280:Aluminium monochloride
4920:. GRIN Verlag. p. 13.
4060:Federation Proceedings
3714:10.3390/insects9020051
3373:10.1002/cite.330300506
3270:Gay-Lussac JL (1815).
3247:Gay-Lussac JL (1811).
3223:Canadian Chemical News
3194:Berthollet CL (1789).
3181:Berthollet CL (1789).
3013:10.1002/anie.201915206
2993:] and [CN(HCN)
2501:
2485:
2361:Hubble Space Telescope
2271:rotational transitions
2163:receptors in cultured
2112:Late Heavy Bombardment
2050:
1790:potassium ferricyanide
1402:Hydrogen cyanide is a
1175:Related alkanenitriles
1138:TWA 10 ppm (11 mg/m)
1115:179 ppm (human, 1 hr)
1113:357 ppm (human, 2 min)
1077:323 ppm (mouse, 5 min)
989:
728:tetragonal (>170 K)
76:
66:
7971:Disulfur decafluoride
7772:Chlorophenylsilatrane
7680:2,4,5-Trichlorophenol
6588:Interplanetary medium
6563:Extraterrestrial life
6201:Octatetraynyl radical
5819:Tricarbon monosulfide
5366:Magnesium monohydride
5131:Thepoisongarden.co.uk
4578:Astrophysical Journal
4472:Astrophysical Journal
4419:Astrophysical Journal
4371:Astrophysical Journal
4330:Astrophysical Journal
4260:Jørgensen UG (1997).
4227:Astrophysical Journal
4104:10.3390/ijerph8020613
4017:Neuroscience Research
3943:Wade N (2015-05-04).
3829:Astrophysical Journal
3189:(in French): 148–161.
2388:microbial communities
2374:, moon of the planet
2044:
2015:Desmoxytes purpurosea
1996:cyanogenic glycosides
1478:of 9.2. It partially
1441:owing to a recessive
1151:ST 4.7 ppm (5 mg/m)
1105:36 ppm (mammal, 2 hr)
1085:323 ppm (rat, 5 min)
1083:160 ppm (rat, 30 min)
1081:170 ppm (rat, 30 min)
1079:275 ppm (rat, 15 min)
988:
657:4.79 (cyanide anion)
454:InChI=1S/CHN/c1-2/h1H
111:Systematic IUPAC name
74:
64:
8771:Methyl fluoroacetate
8599:Methyl cyanoacrylate
8519:Allyl isothiocyanate
8107:Uranium hexafluoride
8062:Dinitrogen tetroxide
8007:Chlorine trifluoride
7055:Selenium oxychloride
6925:Phenyldichloroarsine
6919:Methyldichloroarsine
6857:Nickel tetracarbonyl
6715:Chemistry portal
6703:Astronomy portal
6649:RNA world hypothesis
6633:PAH world hypothesis
6326:Heptatrienyl radical
6258:Buckminsterfullerene
6146:Methylcyanoacetylene
5654:Silicon carbonitride
5629:Methylidynephosphane
5595:Magnesium isocyanide
5503:Aluminium isocyanide
5305:Carbon monophosphide
4994:Van Pelt, Robert Jan
3793:(14–15): 1895–1916.
2455:cytochrome c oxidase
2447:cellular respiration
2265:through a number of
2206:sodium nitroprusside
2185:generate HCN during
2137:and plays a role in
2066:, one instrument on
1830:George Thomas Beilby
1590:Carl Wilhelm Scheele
1571:History of discovery
1111:759 ppm (cat, 1 min)
1075:501 ppm (rat, 5 min)
1069:median concentration
971:(fire diamond)
711:0.183 mPa·s (25 °C)
130:Hydridonitridocarbon
11545:Triatomic molecules
11530:Inorganic compounds
8464:Bromobenzyl cyanide
8232:Dimethylheptylpyran
8160:Diphenylcyanoarsine
8155:Diphenylchlorarsine
8087:Methyl vinyl ketone
8012:Perchloryl fluoride
7876:Bicyclic phosphates
7695:Trimethyl phosphite
7644:Phosphoryl chloride
6913:Ethyldichloroarsine
6887:Chloral cyanohydrin
6877:Acetone cyanohydrin
6847:Methyl cyanoformate
6593:Interstellar medium
6573:Forbidden mechanism
6386:Hydrogen isocyanide
6076:Hexatriynyl radical
5659:c-Silicon dicarbide
5564:Hydrogen isocyanide
5428:Silicon monosulfide
5403:Phosphorus monoxide
5371:Methylidyne radical
5330:Fluoromethylidynium
5290:Aluminium(II) oxide
5137:on 10 February 2020
4940:. firstworldwar.com
4876:2024NatAs...8..164P
4737:2014ApJ...792L...2C
4653:2007IAUS..242..462L
4600:2003ApJ...592L..79W
4547:2004ApJS..152...63G
4494:2004ApJ...606..271G
4441:2005ApJ...632..302B
4383:2003ApJ...583..446S
4342:2000ApJ...543..897B
4303:1978Icar...34..331T
4239:1971ApJ...163L..47S
4163:10.3390/life3030421
4154:2013Life....3..421R
3906:2019JPCA..123.1861P
3851:2020ApJ...901..110P
3764:2015Icar..247..218L
3658:1962Sci...138..512B
3562:1998PChem..47..155J
3519:2000Txcn...38...11V
3309:1935AngCh..48..593A
3141:Scheele CW (1782).
3130:(in French): 60–77.
3007:(26): 10508–10513.
2510:extermination camps
2298:hydrogen isocyanide
2251:interstellar medium
2139:signal transduction
2064:Cassini space probe
2009:Harpaphe haydeniana
1974:, and nuts such as
1889:methyl methacrylate
1876:mining and for the
1652:Andrussow oxidation
1536:diaminomaleonitrile
1460:Chemical properties
1424:hydrogen isocyanide
1288:(formerly known as
1183:Hydrogen isocyanide
793:35.9 J K mol (gas)
567:Solubility in water
43:
11525:Hydrogen compounds
10622:Hydrogen compounds
8832:CB military symbol
8690:Enterotoxin type B
8645:Cyclopiazonic acid
8604:N-Methylmorpholine
8504:Ethyl bromoacetate
7982:Ethyl bromoacetate
7949:Perfluoroisobutene
7690:Triethyl phosphite
6961:Levinstein mustard
6852:Iron pentacarbonyl
6613:Molecules in stars
6583:Intergalactic dust
6528:Circumstellar dust
6470:Naphthalene cation
6405:Trihydrogen cation
6381:Hydrogen deuteride
6306:Methyltriacetylene
6141:Hexapentaenylidene
5960:E-Cyanomethanimine
5880:Cyclopropenylidene
5814:Tricarbon monoxide
5804:Silicon tricarbide
5774:Methylene amidogen
5764:Isothiocyanic acid
5679:Thioxoethenylidene
5639:Trihydrogen cation
5453:Titanium(II) oxide
5413:Potassium chloride
5392:Sulfur mononitride
5335:Helium hydride ion
5310:Carbon monosulfide
5004:. Norton. p.
4973:"Hydrogen Cyanide"
4958:2012-11-30 at the
4820:The New York Times
4262:"Cool Star Models"
3949:The New York Times
2860:"Hydrogen cyanide"
2764:Patnaik P (2002).
2633:"Hydrogen Cyanide"
2538:Operation Downfall
2343:C/2012 F6 (Lemmon)
2261:from ground-based
2106:On the young Earth
2060:Titan's atmosphere
2051:
2028:and the larvae of
1904:Strecker synthesis
1749:and water to give
1745:, the reaction of
1302:structural formula
1274:Infobox references
1169:Related compounds
1160:(Immediate danger)
990:
77:
67:
41:
11497:
11496:
10588:
10587:
9877:
9876:
9871:
9870:
8840:
8839:
8650:Histrionicotoxins
8628:Biological toxins
8509:Ethyl iodoacetate
8077:Methyl isocyanate
8037:Selenoyl fluoride
8027:Mercuric chloride
7997:Tetranitromethane
7851:Sulfuryl fluoride
7836:HN3 hydrochloride
7831:HN2 hydrochloride
7826:HN1 hydrochloride
7713:
7712:
7670:Phenacyl chloride
7665:Pinacolyl alcohol
7611:Isopropyl alcohol
7606:4-Hydroxycoumarin
7540:1,8-Dibromooctane
7063:
7062:
6987:Nitrogen mustards
6800:Cyanogen chloride
6723:
6722:
6638:Pseudo-panspermia
6334:
6333:
6281:Cyanodecapentayne
6221:N-Methylformamide
6196:Methyldiacetylene
6121:Aminoacetonitrile
6091:Methyl isocyanate
6009:Methyl isocyanide
5890:Isocyanoacetylene
5870:Cyanoformaldehyde
5749:Hydrogen peroxide
5634:Potassium cyanide
5590:Magnesium cyanide
5543:Disilicon carbide
5538:Dicarbon monoxide
5345:Hydrogen fluoride
5340:Hydrogen chloride
4203:(16): 2749–2763.
3652:(3539): 512–513.
3296:Angewandte Chemie
3276:Annales de Chimie
3253:Annales de Chimie
3200:Annales de Chimie
3079:Organic Syntheses
2966:"Poison Harpoons"
2706:(92nd ed.).
2569:potassium cyanide
2546:Manhattan Project
2534:cyanogen chloride
2520:as part of their
2408:Cyanide poisoning
2392:organic synthesis
2390:or drive complex
2384:organic molecules
2276:HCN is formed in
2143:neurotransmission
2076:mass spectrometry
1940:sulfuryl fluoride
1926:, a precursor to
1866:potassium cyanide
1797:6 H + [Fe(CN)
1333:potassium cyanide
1307:. It is a highly
1294:chemical compound
1282:Chemical compound
1280:
1279:
1223:Aminoacetonitrile
1213:Cyanogen fluoride
1208:Cyanogen chloride
912:Hazard statements
723:Crystal structure
636:9.21 (in water),
410:CompTox Dashboard
198:Interactive image
139:Hydrogen cyanide
133:Hydrocyanic acid
127:Formic anammonide
81:
80:
42:Hydrogen cyanide
32:Cyanogen fluoride
28:Cyanogen chloride
11552:
11489:
11478:
11467:
11453:
11439:
11425:
11414:
11399:
11381:
11363:
11345:
11334:
11316:
11302:
11288:
11264:
11249:
11235:
11221:
11207:
11196:
11182:
11171:
11156:
11138:
11120:
11106:
11092:
11078:
11064:
11050:
11036:
11022:
11011:
10997:
10986:
10968:
10958:
10938:
10923:
10909:
10895:
10885:
10875:
10865:
10835:
10821:
10807:
10792:
10768:
10758:
10748:
10728:
10718:
10708:
10688:
10677:
10656:
10642:
10615:
10608:
10601:
10592:
10591:
10578:
10566:
10542:
10531:Oxidation states
10360:
10359:
10328:
10327:
10262:
10261:
10226:
10225:
10214:
10213:
10159:
10158:
9904:
9897:
9890:
9881:
9880:
9836:
9819:
9809:
9794:
9778:
9768:
9755:
9745:
9735:
9719:
9709:
9700:
9690:
9600:
9590:
9575:
9566:
9501:
9488:
9463:
9454:
9444:
9434:
9424:
9414:
9399:
9366:
9354:
9329:
9320:
9311:
9304:
9286:
9272:
9262:
9253:
9243:
9233:
9204:
9194:
9193:
9182:
9133:
9121:
9096:
9087:
9074:
9067:
9057:
9043:
9033:
9023:
8998:
8985:
8978:
8968:
8954:
8916:
8886:
8885:
8867:
8860:
8853:
8844:
8843:
8814:White phosphorus
8791:post-combustion
8787:Depleted uranium
8614:Osmium tetroxide
8494:Phenacyl bromide
8057:Nitrogen dioxide
8032:Selenium dioxide
8022:Cadmium chloride
7479:Dimefox (TL-792)
7074:
7073:
6902:
6901:
6827:Hydrogen sulfide
6806:Hydrogen cyanide
6795:Cyanogen bromide
6761:chemical warfare
6750:
6743:
6736:
6727:
6726:
6713:
6712:
6711:
6701:
6700:
6699:
6689:
6688:
6687:
6676:
6675:
6623:Organic compound
6523:Chemical formula
6428:Dihydroxyacetone
6376:Hydrogen cyanide
6061:Cyanodiacetylene
5915:Propadienylidene
5809:Thioformaldehyde
5684:Titanium dioxide
5649:Sodium hydroxide
5570:Hydrogen sulfide
5558:Hydrogen cyanide
5518:Carbonyl sulfide
5483:
5474:
5465:
5423:Silicon monoxide
5356:Hydroxyl radical
5268:
5267:
5248:
5241:
5234:
5225:
5224:
5161:
5160:
5153:
5147:
5146:
5144:
5142:
5133:. Archived from
5123:
5117:
5116:
5114:
5113:
5098:
5092:
5091:
5089:
5087:
5072:
5066:
5065:
5063:
5062:
5047:
5041:
5040:
5038:
5037:
5026:
5020:
5019:
5003:
4990:
4984:
4983:
4981:
4980:
4969:
4963:
4950:
4941:
4935:
4929:
4914:
4908:
4907:
4905:
4903:
4869:
4853:Nature Astronomy
4843:
4837:
4836:
4834:
4832:
4810:
4804:
4803:
4801:
4799:
4777:
4771:
4770:
4763:
4757:
4756:
4730:
4707:
4701:
4700:
4698:
4696:
4679:
4673:
4672:
4646:
4626:
4620:
4619:
4593:
4591:astro-ph/0306543
4573:
4567:
4566:
4540:
4538:astro-ph/0310341
4520:
4514:
4513:
4487:
4485:astro-ph/0310339
4467:
4461:
4460:
4434:
4432:astro-ph/0506535
4414:
4405:
4404:
4394:
4362:
4356:
4355:
4353:
4321:
4315:
4314:
4286:
4280:
4279:
4257:
4251:
4250:
4222:
4213:
4212:
4192:
4186:
4185:
4175:
4165:
4133:
4127:
4126:
4116:
4106:
4082:
4076:
4075:
4055:
4049:
4048:
4012:
4006:
4005:
3980:(1–2): 294–300.
3969:
3960:
3959:
3957:
3955:
3940:
3934:
3933:
3899:
3890:(9): 1861–1873.
3879:
3873:
3872:
3862:
3844:
3820:
3811:
3810:
3782:
3776:
3775:
3743:
3737:
3736:
3726:
3716:
3692:
3686:
3685:
3641:
3635:
3634:
3614:
3608:
3607:
3605:
3603:
3588:
3582:
3581:
3545:
3539:
3538:
3502:
3496:
3495:
3493:
3482:
3474:
3468:
3467:
3466:. 11 March 2009.
3456:
3450:
3449:
3438:
3432:
3431:
3414:
3408:
3407:
3405:
3404:
3398:
3392:. Archived from
3391:
3383:
3377:
3376:
3356:
3350:
3349:
3347:
3346:
3337:. Archived from
3327:
3321:
3320:
3290:
3284:
3283:
3267:
3261:
3260:
3244:
3238:
3237:
3235:
3234:
3225:. Archived from
3214:
3208:
3207:
3190:
3178:
3172:
3171:
3154:
3138:
3132:
3131:
3116:
3110:
3109:
3101:
3095:
3094:
3074:
3068:
3067:
3041:
3035:
3034:
3024:
2984:
2978:
2977:
2972:. Archived from
2961:
2952:
2951:
2949:
2948:
2932:
2926:
2925:
2918:
2912:
2911:
2883:
2872:
2871:
2856:
2847:
2846:
2834:
2821:
2820:
2810:
2786:
2780:
2779:
2761:
2755:
2754:
2752:
2750:
2744:
2737:
2728:
2722:
2721:
2697:
2680:
2679:
2653:
2647:
2646:
2629:
2618:
2617:
2615:
2614:
2599:
2504:
2490:
2459:chemical weapons
2347:C/2012 S1 (ISON)
2179:HCN production.
2165:pheochromocytoma
2090:CN + H → HCN + H
1842:Hamilton Castner
1819:
1818:
1817:
1814:
1809:
1808:
1805:
1781:
1737:
1700:
1656:Leonid Andrussow
1641:
1566:
1550:mercuric cyanide
1530:
1500:
1493:
1429:HCN has a faint
1377:
1364:organic compound
1349:hydrocyanic acid
1321:room temperature
1306:
1286:Hydrogen cyanide
1264:
1258:
1255:
1254:
1203:Cyanogen bromide
1097:lowest published
1045:Explosive limits
1010:
1003:
996:
981:
961:
957:
953:
939:
935:
931:
927:
923:
919:
891:
886:
881:
876:
840:
813:
789:
774:Thermochemistry
688:Refractive index
596:100 kPa (25 °C)
494:Chemical formula
434:
433:
418:
416:
390:
354:
343:
332:
330:Hydrogen+Cyanide
315:
288:
280:
269:
258:
238:
218:
200:
176:
90:
57:
51:
44:
40:
11560:
11559:
11555:
11554:
11553:
11551:
11550:
11549:
11500:
11499:
11498:
11493:
11487:
11483:
11476:
11472:
11466:
11462:
11458:
11452:
11448:
11444:
11438:
11434:
11430:
11423:
11419:
11412:
11408:
11404:
11398:
11394:
11390:
11386:
11380:
11376:
11372:
11368:
11362:
11358:
11354:
11350:
11343:
11339:
11333:
11329:
11325:
11321:
11315:
11311:
11307:
11301:
11297:
11293:
11287:
11283:
11279:
11262:
11258:
11254:
11248:
11244:
11240:
11234:
11230:
11226:
11220:
11216:
11212:
11205:
11201:
11195:
11191:
11187:
11180:
11176:
11169:
11165:
11161:
11155:
11151:
11147:
11143:
11137:
11133:
11129:
11125:
11119:
11115:
11111:
11105:
11101:
11097:
11091:
11087:
11083:
11077:
11073:
11069:
11063:
11059:
11055:
11049:
11045:
11041:
11035:
11031:
11027:
11020:
11016:
11010:
11006:
11002:
10995:
10991:
10985:
10981:
10977:
10973:
10967:
10963:
10957:
10953:
10937:
10933:
10922:
10918:
10914:
10908:
10904:
10900:
10894:
10890:
10884:
10880:
10874:
10870:
10864:
10860:
10834:
10830:
10826:
10820:
10816:
10812:
10806:
10802:
10798:
10794:
10791:
10787:
10783:
10767:
10763:
10757:
10753:
10747:
10743:
10727:
10723:
10717:
10713:
10707:
10703:
10686:
10682:
10675:
10671:
10655:
10651:
10647:
10641:
10637:
10633:
10624:
10619:
10589:
10584:
10572:
10560:
10536:
10525:
10521:
10513:
10505:
10497:
10488:
10480:
10476:
10467:
10459:
10451:
10443:
10435:
10427:
10419:
10411:
10401:
10392:
10384:
10364:
10358:
10355:
10354:
10353:
10351:
10344:
10340:
10336:
10326:
10323:
10322:
10321:
10314:
10307:
10303:
10290:
10282:
10278:
10269:
10260:
10257:
10256:
10255:
10253:
10246:
10234:
10224:
10221:
10220:
10219:
10212:
10209:
10208:
10207:
10202:
10194:
10190:
10182:
10178:
10171:
10157:
10154:
10153:
10152:
10147:
10139:
10135:
10127:
10106:
10102:
10089:
10085:
10061:
10053:
10030:
10017:
10002:
9996:
9987:
9979:
9971:
9967:
9958:
9945:
9937:
9929:
9914:
9908:
9878:
9873:
9872:
9835:
9831:
9827:
9818:
9814:
9808:
9804:
9793:
9789:
9777:
9773:
9767:
9763:
9754:
9750:
9744:
9740:
9734:
9730:
9718:
9714:
9708:
9704:
9702:
9699:
9695:
9689:
9685:
9599:
9595:
9589:
9585:
9574:
9570:
9568:
9565:
9561:
9557:
9552:
9547:
9541:
9539:
9534:
9532:
9515:
9500:
9496:
9487:
9483:
9462:
9458:
9456:
9453:
9449:
9443:
9439:
9433:
9429:
9423:
9419:
9413:
9409:
9398:
9394:
9380:
9365:
9361:
9353:
9349:
9328:
9324:
9322:
9319:
9315:
9313:
9309:
9302:
9298:
9294:
9290:
9288:
9284:
9280:
9276:
9274:
9271:
9267:
9261:
9257:
9255:
9252:
9248:
9242:
9238:
9232:
9228:
9218:
9213:
9211:
9206:
9203:
9199:
9192:
9189:
9188:
9187:
9184:
9181:
9177:
9172:
9167:
9165:
9160:
9158:
9147:
9132:
9128:
9120:
9116:
9095:
9091:
9089:
9086:
9082:
9080:
9076:
9072:
9066:
9062:
9055:
9051:
9047:
9045:
9042:
9038:
9032:
9028:
9022:
9018:
8997:
8993:
8991:
8987:
8983:
8976:
8972:
8970:
8966:
8962:
8960:
8956:
8952:
8948:
8943:
8939:
8934:
8932:
8924:
8915:
8911:
8878:
8871:
8841:
8836:
8818:
8759:
8670:Botulinum toxin
8623:
8572:
8533:
8449:Benzyl chloride
8404:
8397:
8181:
8174:
8165:Cacodyl cyanide
8127:Vomiting agents
8121:
7919:
7912:
7821:Dimethylmercury
7743:Botulinum toxin
7709:
7488:
7402:
7304:
7257:Novichok agents
7251:
7235:
7162:
7059:
7033:
7014:
6981:
6953:Sulfur mustards
6947:
6891:
6837:Carbon monoxide
6817:Cacodyl cyanide
6776:
6775:
6759:Agents used in
6754:
6724:
6719:
6709:
6707:
6697:
6695:
6685:
6683:
6663:
6489:
6465:
6456:
6409:
6399:
6342:
6330:
6311:Propionaldehyde
6286:Ethylene glycol
6275:
6267:
6263:
6234:
6232:
6225:
6181:Cyanohexatriyne
6167:
6160:
6107:
6100:
6035:
6028:
5988:
5941:
5934:
5905:Methoxy radical
5835:
5828:
5824:Thiocyanic acid
5705:
5698:
5608:
5548:Ethynyl radical
5484:
5478:
5477:
5476:
5475:
5469:
5468:
5467:
5466:
5457:
5448:Sulfur monoxide
5433:Sodium chloride
5418:Silicon carbide
5325:Diatomic carbon
5315:Carbon monoxide
5257:
5252:
5170:
5165:
5164:
5155:
5154:
5150:
5140:
5138:
5125:
5124:
5120:
5111:
5109:
5099:
5095:
5085:
5083:
5073:
5069:
5060:
5058:
5049:
5048:
5044:
5035:
5033:
5028:
5027:
5023:
5016:
4991:
4987:
4978:
4976:
4971:
4970:
4966:
4960:Wayback Machine
4951:
4944:
4936:
4932:
4915:
4911:
4901:
4899:
4844:
4840:
4830:
4828:
4811:
4807:
4797:
4795:
4778:
4774:
4765:
4764:
4760:
4708:
4704:
4694:
4692:
4680:
4676:
4627:
4623:
4574:
4570:
4521:
4517:
4468:
4464:
4415:
4408:
4363:
4359:
4322:
4318:
4287:
4283:
4276:
4258:
4254:
4223:
4216:
4193:
4189:
4134:
4130:
4083:
4079:
4056:
4052:
4013:
4009:
3970:
3963:
3953:
3951:
3941:
3937:
3880:
3876:
3821:
3814:
3783:
3779:
3744:
3740:
3693:
3689:
3642:
3638:
3615:
3611:
3601:
3599:
3598:on 6 March 2014
3590:
3589:
3585:
3546:
3542:
3503:
3499:
3491:
3480:
3476:
3475:
3471:
3458:
3457:
3453:
3440:
3439:
3435:
3416:
3415:
3411:
3402:
3400:
3396:
3389:
3385:
3384:
3380:
3357:
3353:
3344:
3342:
3329:
3328:
3324:
3303:(37): 593–595.
3291:
3287:
3268:
3264:
3245:
3241:
3232:
3230:
3215:
3211:
3191:
3179:
3175:
3155:
3139:
3135:
3117:
3113:
3102:
3098:
3075:
3071:
3056:
3042:
3038:
2996:
2992:
2985:
2981:
2962:
2955:
2946:
2944:
2934:
2933:
2929:
2920:
2919:
2915:
2908:
2884:
2875:
2858:
2857:
2850:
2835:
2824:
2787:
2783:
2776:
2768:. McGraw-Hill.
2762:
2758:
2748:
2746:
2742:
2735:
2729:
2725:
2718:
2698:
2683:
2668:
2654:
2650:
2631:
2630:
2621:
2612:
2610:
2601:
2600:
2596:
2591:
2574:Under the name
2472:lists it under
2449:. It acts as a
2410:
2404:
2394:leading to the
2327:
2295:
2283:
2247:
2241:
2225:
2189:, and can kill
2120:
2108:
2101:
2097:
2093:
2089:
2085:
2081:
2056:
1994:plants contain
1952:
1858:
1826:
1815:
1812:
1811:
1806:
1803:
1802:
1800:
1796:
1779:
1751:carbon monoxide
1743:steam reforming
1736:
1732:
1728:
1724:
1698:
1694:
1690:
1686:
1682:
1648:
1618:into German as
1573:
1564:
1560:
1556:
1546:salt metathesis
1528:
1524:
1520:
1516:
1499:
1495:
1491:
1476:
1462:
1422:of HCN is HNC,
1404:linear molecule
1400:
1375:
1319:slightly above
1304:
1283:
1276:
1271:
1270:
1269: ?)
1260:
1256:
1252:
1248:
1237:
1198:Cyanogen iodide
1193:Thiocyanic acid
1176:
1161:
1148:
1135:
1114:
1112:
1110:
1108:
1106:
1104:
1100:
1094:
1084:
1082:
1080:
1078:
1076:
1072:
1066:
1036:
1033:
1015:
1014:
1013:
1012:
1005:
998:
991:
987:
979:
948:
914:
900:
869:
841:
838:
832:
828:
825:
824:Std enthalpy of
814:
811:
804:
801:
790:
783:
766:
754:
752:Molecular shape
745:
739:
729:
725:
698:
696:
653:
638:12.9 (in DMSO)
632:
615:
613:
604:
569:
496:
482:
479:
474:
473:
462:
459:
458:
455:
449:
448:
437:
419:
412:
393:
373:
357:
344:
318:
298:
261:
241:
221:
203:
190:
179:
166:
152:
151:
117:
116:
105:
39:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
11558:
11548:
11547:
11542:
11537:
11532:
11527:
11522:
11517:
11512:
11495:
11494:
11492:
11491:
11485:
11480:
11474:
11469:
11464:
11460:
11455:
11450:
11446:
11441:
11436:
11432:
11427:
11421:
11416:
11410:
11406:
11401:
11396:
11392:
11388:
11383:
11378:
11374:
11370:
11365:
11360:
11356:
11352:
11347:
11341:
11336:
11331:
11327:
11323:
11318:
11313:
11309:
11304:
11299:
11295:
11290:
11285:
11281:
11276:
11271:
11266:
11260:
11256:
11251:
11246:
11242:
11237:
11232:
11228:
11223:
11218:
11214:
11209:
11203:
11198:
11193:
11189:
11184:
11178:
11173:
11167:
11163:
11158:
11153:
11149:
11145:
11140:
11135:
11131:
11127:
11122:
11117:
11113:
11108:
11103:
11099:
11094:
11089:
11085:
11080:
11075:
11071:
11066:
11061:
11057:
11052:
11047:
11043:
11038:
11033:
11029:
11024:
11018:
11013:
11008:
11004:
10999:
10993:
10988:
10983:
10979:
10975:
10970:
10965:
10960:
10955:
10950:
10945:
10940:
10935:
10930:
10925:
10920:
10916:
10911:
10906:
10902:
10897:
10892:
10887:
10882:
10877:
10872:
10867:
10862:
10857:
10852:
10847:
10842:
10837:
10832:
10828:
10823:
10818:
10814:
10809:
10804:
10800:
10796:
10789:
10785:
10780:
10775:
10770:
10765:
10760:
10755:
10750:
10745:
10740:
10735:
10730:
10725:
10720:
10715:
10710:
10705:
10700:
10695:
10690:
10684:
10679:
10673:
10668:
10663:
10658:
10653:
10649:
10644:
10639:
10635:
10629:
10626:
10625:
10618:
10617:
10610:
10603:
10595:
10586:
10585:
10535:
10533:
10527:
10526:
10524:
10523:
10519:
10515:
10511:
10507:
10503:
10499:
10495:
10491:
10486:
10482:
10478:
10474:
10470:
10465:
10461:
10457:
10453:
10449:
10445:
10441:
10437:
10433:
10429:
10425:
10421:
10417:
10413:
10409:
10405:
10399:
10394:
10390:
10386:
10382:
10378:
10372:
10370:
10366:
10365:
10363:
10362:
10356:
10349:
10342:
10338:
10334:
10330:
10324:
10317:
10312:
10305:
10301:
10297:
10288:
10284:
10280:
10276:
10272:
10267:
10258:
10251:
10244:
10236:
10232:
10228:
10222:
10210:
10200:
10196:
10192:
10188:
10184:
10180:
10176:
10169:
10165:
10155:
10145:
10141:
10137:
10133:
10129:
10125:
10116:
10114:
10108:
10107:
10105:
10104:
10100:
10096:
10091:
10087:
10083:
10079:
10074:
10069:
10064:
10059:
10055:
10051:
10047:
10042:
10037:
10032:
10028:
10024:
10019:
10015:
10010:
10008:
10004:
10003:
10001:
10000:
9994:
9989:
9985:
9981:
9977:
9973:
9969:
9965:
9961:
9956:
9952:
9947:
9943:
9939:
9935:
9931:
9927:
9922:
9920:
9916:
9915:
9907:
9906:
9899:
9892:
9884:
9875:
9874:
9869:
9868:
9865:
9862:
9859:
9856:
9853:
9850:
9847:
9844:
9841:
9838:
9833:
9829:
9824:
9821:
9816:
9811:
9806:
9801:
9797:
9796:
9791:
9786:
9783:
9780:
9775:
9770:
9765:
9760:
9757:
9752:
9747:
9742:
9737:
9732:
9727:
9724:
9721:
9716:
9711:
9706:
9697:
9692:
9687:
9682:
9678:
9677:
9674:
9671:
9670:
9667:
9664:
9661:
9658:
9655:
9652:
9649:
9646:
9643:
9640:
9637:
9634:
9631:
9628:
9625:
9622:
9619:
9616:
9612:
9611:
9608:
9605:
9602:
9597:
9592:
9587:
9582:
9577:
9572:
9563:
9559:
9554:
9550:
9542:
9537:
9530:
9526:
9523:
9520:
9517:
9513:
9509:
9506:
9503:
9498:
9493:
9490:
9485:
9480:
9474:
9473:
9470:
9465:
9460:
9451:
9446:
9441:
9436:
9431:
9426:
9421:
9416:
9411:
9406:
9401:
9396:
9391:
9388:
9385:
9382:
9378:
9374:
9371:
9368:
9363:
9358:
9356:
9351:
9346:
9340:
9339:
9336:
9331:
9326:
9317:
9306:
9300:
9296:
9292:
9282:
9278:
9269:
9264:
9259:
9250:
9245:
9240:
9235:
9230:
9225:
9220:
9216:
9209:
9201:
9196:
9190:
9179:
9174:
9170:
9163:
9156:
9152:
9149:
9145:
9141:
9138:
9135:
9130:
9125:
9123:
9118:
9113:
9107:
9106:
9103:
9098:
9093:
9084:
9069:
9064:
9059:
9053:
9049:
9040:
9035:
9030:
9025:
9020:
9015:
9009:
9008:
9005:
9000:
8995:
8980:
8974:
8964:
8950:
8945:
8941:
8937:
8930:
8926:
8922:
8918:
8913:
8908:
8902:
8901:
8898:
8896:
8894:
8892:
8884:
8883:
8880:
8879:
8870:
8869:
8862:
8855:
8847:
8838:
8837:
8835:
8834:
8829:
8823:
8820:
8819:
8817:
8816:
8811:
8806:
8797:
8796:
8795:
8793:uranium oxides
8784:
8779:
8773:
8767:
8765:
8761:
8760:
8758:
8757:
8752:
8747:
8742:
8737:
8732:
8727:
8722:
8717:
8712:
8707:
8702:
8697:
8692:
8687:
8682:
8677:
8672:
8667:
8662:
8657:
8652:
8647:
8642:
8637:
8631:
8629:
8625:
8624:
8622:
8621:
8616:
8611:
8606:
8601:
8596:
8591:
8586:
8580:
8578:
8574:
8573:
8571:
8570:
8565:
8560:
8555:
8550:
8544:
8542:
8535:
8534:
8532:
8531:
8529:Crotonaldehyde
8526:
8521:
8516:
8511:
8506:
8501:
8496:
8491:
8486:
8481:
8476:
8471:
8466:
8461:
8456:
8454:Benzyl bromide
8451:
8446:
8441:
8436:
8431:
8426:
8421:
8415:
8409:
8407:
8399:
8398:
8396:
8395:
8393:Chlorpromazine
8390:
8385:
8380:
8375:
8370:
8365:
8360:
8355:
8350:
8345:
8340:
8335:
8330:
8325:
8320:
8315:
8310:
8305:
8300:
8295:
8290:
8285:
8280:
8275:
8270:
8265:
8260:
8255:
8250:
8245:
8240:
8235:
8229:
8224:
8219:
8214:
8209:
8203:
8198:
8193:
8186:
8184:
8180:Incapacitating
8176:
8175:
8173:
8172:
8167:
8162:
8157:
8152:
8143:
8138:
8131:
8129:
8123:
8122:
8120:
8119:
8114:
8109:
8104:
8099:
8094:
8089:
8084:
8079:
8074:
8069:
8067:Sulfur dioxide
8064:
8059:
8054:
8049:
8044:
8039:
8034:
8029:
8024:
8019:
8014:
8009:
8004:
7999:
7994:
7989:
7984:
7979:
7974:
7968:
7962:
7957:
7951:
7946:
7941:
7935:
7930:
7924:
7922:
7920:choking agents
7914:
7913:
7911:
7910:
7905:
7900:
7895:
7894:
7893:
7888:
7883:
7873:
7868:
7863:
7858:
7853:
7848:
7843:
7838:
7833:
7828:
7823:
7818:
7816:Tetraethyllead
7813:
7807:
7802:
7796:
7791:
7786:
7780:
7774:
7769:
7763:
7757:
7752:
7746:
7740:
7735:
7729:
7723:
7721:
7715:
7714:
7711:
7710:
7708:
7707:
7702:
7697:
7692:
7687:
7682:
7677:
7672:
7667:
7662:
7657:
7651:
7646:
7641:
7636:
7631:
7626:
7620:
7614:
7608:
7603:
7598:
7593:
7588:
7583:
7578:
7573:
7568:
7563:
7558:
7553:
7548:
7542:
7537:
7532:
7527:
7522:
7520:A.P.C. complex
7517:
7512:
7507:
7502:
7496:
7494:
7490:
7489:
7487:
7486:
7481:
7476:
7471:
7466:
7461:
7456:
7451:
7446:
7441:
7436:
7431:
7426:
7421:
7416:
7410:
7408:
7404:
7403:
7401:
7400:
7395:
7390:
7385:
7380:
7375:
7370:
7365:
7360:
7355:
7350:
7345:
7340:
7335:
7330:
7325:
7320:
7314:
7312:
7306:
7305:
7303:
7302:
7297:
7292:
7287:
7282:
7277:
7272:
7267:
7261:
7259:
7253:
7252:
7250:
7249:
7243:
7241:
7237:
7236:
7234:
7233:
7231:V-sub x (GD-7)
7228:
7223:
7218:
7213:
7208:
7203:
7198:
7193:
7188:
7183:
7178:
7172:
7170:
7164:
7163:
7161:
7160:
7155:
7150:
7145:
7140:
7135:
7129:
7124:
7118:
7112:
7106:
7100:
7094:
7089:
7082:
7080:
7071:
7065:
7064:
7061:
7060:
7058:
7057:
7052:
7047:
7041:
7039:
7035:
7034:
7032:
7031:
7028:Phosgene oxime
7024:
7022:
7016:
7015:
7013:
7012:
7007:
7002:
6997:
6991:
6989:
6983:
6982:
6980:
6979:
6974:
6969:
6964:
6957:
6955:
6949:
6948:
6946:
6940:
6934:
6928:
6922:
6916:
6910:
6908:
6899:
6897:Blister agents
6893:
6892:
6890:
6889:
6884:
6879:
6874:
6869:
6867:Glycolonitrile
6864:
6859:
6854:
6849:
6844:
6839:
6834:
6829:
6824:
6819:
6814:
6809:
6803:
6797:
6792:
6786:
6784:
6778:
6777:
6774:
6773:
6768:
6766:incapacitation
6763:
6756:
6753:
6752:
6745:
6738:
6730:
6721:
6720:
6718:
6717:
6705:
6693:
6681:
6668:
6665:
6664:
6662:
6661:
6656:
6651:
6646:
6640:
6635:
6630:
6625:
6620:
6615:
6610:
6605:
6600:
6595:
6590:
6585:
6580:
6575:
6570:
6565:
6560:
6555:
6550:
6548:Cosmochemistry
6545:
6540:
6535:
6530:
6525:
6520:
6515:
6513:Astrochemistry
6510:
6505:
6499:
6497:
6491:
6490:
6488:
6487:
6482:
6477:
6472:
6467:
6463:
6459:
6454:
6450:
6445:
6440:
6435:
6430:
6425:
6419:
6417:
6411:
6410:
6408:
6407:
6402:
6397:
6393:
6388:
6383:
6378:
6373:
6368:
6366:Formyl radical
6363:
6358:
6352:
6346:
6344:
6336:
6335:
6332:
6331:
6329:
6328:
6323:
6318:
6313:
6308:
6303:
6298:
6296:Methyl acetate
6293:
6288:
6283:
6278:
6273:
6269:
6265:
6261:
6255:
6250:
6245:
6239:
6237:
6227:
6226:
6224:
6223:
6218:
6213:
6208:
6203:
6198:
6193:
6188:
6186:Dimethyl ether
6183:
6178:
6172:
6170:
6162:
6161:
6159:
6158:
6153:
6151:Methyl formate
6148:
6143:
6138:
6136:Glycolaldehyde
6133:
6128:
6123:
6118:
6112:
6110:
6102:
6101:
6099:
6098:
6093:
6088:
6083:
6078:
6073:
6071:Glycolonitrile
6068:
6066:Ethylene oxide
6063:
6058:
6057:
6056:
6046:
6040:
6038:
6030:
6029:
6027:
6026:
6021:
6016:
6011:
6006:
6001:
5996:
5991:
5986:
5982:
5977:
5972:
5967:
5965:Cyclopropenone
5962:
5957:
5952:
5946:
5944:
5936:
5935:
5933:
5932:
5927:
5922:
5917:
5912:
5907:
5902:
5897:
5892:
5887:
5882:
5877:
5872:
5867:
5865:Cyanoacetylene
5862:
5857:
5852:
5847:
5840:
5838:
5830:
5829:
5827:
5826:
5821:
5816:
5811:
5806:
5801:
5796:
5791:
5786:
5784:Methyl radical
5781:
5776:
5771:
5766:
5761:
5759:Isocyanic acid
5756:
5751:
5746:
5741:
5736:
5731:
5726:
5724:Isocyanic acid
5721:
5716:
5710:
5708:
5700:
5699:
5697:
5696:
5691:
5686:
5681:
5676:
5671:
5669:Sulfur dioxide
5666:
5661:
5656:
5651:
5646:
5644:Sodium cyanide
5641:
5636:
5631:
5626:
5621:
5616:
5611:
5606:
5602:
5597:
5592:
5587:
5582:
5577:
5572:
5567:
5561:
5555:
5553:Formyl radical
5550:
5545:
5540:
5535:
5530:
5525:
5520:
5515:
5513:Carbon dioxide
5510:
5505:
5500:
5494:
5492:
5486:
5485:
5460:
5458:
5456:
5455:
5450:
5445:
5440:
5435:
5430:
5425:
5420:
5415:
5410:
5405:
5400:
5394:
5389:
5384:
5378:
5373:
5368:
5363:
5361:Iron(II) oxide
5358:
5353:
5347:
5342:
5337:
5332:
5327:
5322:
5317:
5312:
5307:
5302:
5297:
5292:
5287:
5282:
5276:
5274:
5265:
5259:
5258:
5251:
5250:
5243:
5236:
5228:
5222:
5221:
5216:
5211:
5206:
5201:
5191:
5186:
5169:
5168:External links
5166:
5163:
5162:
5148:
5118:
5093:
5067:
5042:
5021:
5014:
4985:
4964:
4942:
4930:
4909:
4860:(2): 164–173.
4838:
4805:
4772:
4758:
4702:
4674:
4621:
4608:10.1086/377679
4584:(2): L79–L82.
4568:
4555:10.1086/383003
4515:
4502:10.1086/382999
4478:(1): 271–290.
4462:
4449:10.1086/432864
4425:(1): 302–315.
4406:
4392:10.1086/345099
4377:(1): 446–450.
4357:
4351:10.1086/317129
4336:(2): 897–921.
4316:
4297:(2): 331–343.
4281:
4275:978-0792345381
4274:
4252:
4247:10.1086/180664
4214:
4187:
4148:(3): 421–448.
4128:
4097:(2): 613–628.
4077:
4050:
4007:
3974:Brain Research
3961:
3935:
3874:
3812:
3777:
3738:
3687:
3636:
3625:(3): 274–275.
3609:
3583:
3556:(2): 155–162.
3550:Phytochemistry
3540:
3497:
3469:
3451:
3433:
3409:
3378:
3367:(5): 305–310.
3351:
3322:
3285:
3262:
3239:
3209:
3192:Reprinted in:
3173:
3149:(in Swedish).
3133:
3111:
3096:
3069:
3054:
3036:
2994:
2990:
2979:
2976:on 2019-02-15.
2970:Whalecraft.net
2953:
2927:
2913:
2907:978-3527306732
2906:
2873:
2848:
2822:
2781:
2775:978-0070494398
2774:
2756:
2723:
2717:978-1439855119
2716:
2681:
2666:
2648:
2619:
2593:
2592:
2590:
2587:
2565:sodium cyanide
2522:Final Solution
2418:Central Powers
2406:Main article:
2403:
2400:
2396:origin of life
2325:
2293:
2281:
2245:Astrochemistry
2240:
2237:
2229:origin of life
2224:
2221:
2210:nitroglycerine
2202:vasodilatation
2151:neuromodulator
2135:NMDA receptors
2119:
2116:
2107:
2104:
2099:
2095:
2091:
2087:
2083:
2079:
2055:
2052:
1984:mandelonitrile
1976:bitter almonds
1951:
1948:
1944:methyl bromide
1916:hydrocyanation
1878:electroplating
1862:sodium cyanide
1857:
1854:
1850:sodium cyanide
1825:
1822:
1821:
1820:
1798:
1783:
1782:
1739:
1738:
1734:
1730:
1726:
1702:
1701:
1696:
1692:
1688:
1684:
1647:
1644:
1579:who converted
1577:Pierre Macquer
1572:
1569:
1568:
1567:
1562:
1558:
1542:Metal cyanides
1532:
1531:
1526:
1522:
1518:
1510:hydrocyanation
1497:
1474:
1461:
1458:
1399:
1396:
1281:
1278:
1277:
1272:
1250:
1249:
1245:standard state
1242:
1239:
1238:
1236:
1235:
1230:
1228:Glycolonitrile
1225:
1220:
1215:
1210:
1205:
1200:
1195:
1190:
1188:Isocyanic acid
1185:
1179:
1177:
1174:
1171:
1170:
1166:
1165:
1162:
1156:
1153:
1152:
1149:
1143:
1140:
1139:
1136:
1130:
1127:
1126:
1117:
1116:
1101:
1092:
1090:
1087:
1086:
1073:
1064:
1062:
1059:
1058:
1051:
1050:
1047:
1041:
1040:
1037:
1030:
1027:
1026:
1023:
1017:
1016:
1006:
999:
992:
977:
976:
975:
974:
972:
963:
962:
960:P305+P351+P338
949:
944:
941:
940:
922:H300+H310+H330
915:
910:
907:
906:
901:
896:
893:
892:
870:
865:
862:
861:
851:
850:
846:
845:
842:
836:
830:
822:
819:
818:
817:201.8 J K mol
815:
809:
798:
795:
794:
791:
779:
776:
775:
771:
770:
767:
762:
759:
758:
755:
750:
747:
746:
743:
740:
735:
732:
731:
726:
721:
718:
717:
713:
712:
709:
703:
702:
699:
694:
686:
683:
682:
677:
675:Conjugate base
671:
670:
668:Hydrocyanonium
665:
663:Conjugate acid
659:
658:
655:
651:
641:
640:
634:
630:
620:
619:
618:75 μmol Pa kg
616:
611:
601:
598:
597:
594:
592:Vapor pressure
588:
587:
584:
574:
573:
570:
565:
562:
561:
558:
552:
551:
548:
542:
541:
538:
532:
531:
525:
519:
518:
515:
511:
510:
507:
501:
500:
497:
492:
489:
488:
484:
483:
481:
480:
477:
469:
468:
467:
464:
463:
461:
460:
456:
453:
452:
444:
443:
442:
439:
438:
436:
435:
422:
420:
408:
405:
404:
401:
395:
394:
392:
391:
383:
381:
375:
374:
372:
371:
367:
365:
359:
358:
356:
355:
347:
345:
337:
334:
333:
326:
320:
319:
317:
316:
308:
306:
300:
299:
297:
296:
292:
290:
282:
281:
271:
263:
262:
260:
259:
251:
249:
243:
242:
240:
239:
231:
229:
223:
222:
220:
219:
211:
209:
205:
204:
202:
201:
193:
191:
184:
181:
180:
178:
177:
169:
167:
162:
159:
158:
154:
153:
150:
149:
146:
143:
137:
131:
128:
124:
123:
119:
118:
115:Methanenitrile
114:
113:
107:
106:
103:
97:
96:
92:
91:
83:
82:
79:
78:
68:
53:
52:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
11557:
11546:
11543:
11541:
11538:
11536:
11533:
11531:
11528:
11526:
11523:
11521:
11518:
11516:
11513:
11511:
11508:
11507:
11505:
11490:
11481:
11479:
11470:
11468:
11456:
11454:
11442:
11440:
11428:
11426:
11417:
11415:
11402:
11400:
11384:
11382:
11366:
11364:
11348:
11346:
11337:
11335:
11319:
11317:
11305:
11303:
11291:
11289:
11277:
11275:
11272:
11270:
11267:
11265:
11252:
11250:
11238:
11236:
11224:
11222:
11210:
11208:
11199:
11197:
11185:
11183:
11174:
11172:
11159:
11157:
11141:
11139:
11123:
11121:
11109:
11107:
11095:
11093:
11081:
11079:
11067:
11065:
11053:
11051:
11039:
11037:
11025:
11023:
11014:
11012:
11000:
10998:
10989:
10987:
10971:
10969:
10961:
10959:
10951:
10949:
10946:
10944:
10941:
10939:
10931:
10929:
10926:
10924:
10912:
10910:
10898:
10896:
10888:
10886:
10878:
10876:
10868:
10866:
10858:
10856:
10853:
10851:
10848:
10846:
10843:
10841:
10838:
10836:
10824:
10822:
10810:
10808:
10781:
10779:
10776:
10774:
10771:
10769:
10761:
10759:
10751:
10749:
10741:
10739:
10736:
10734:
10731:
10729:
10721:
10719:
10711:
10709:
10701:
10699:
10696:
10694:
10691:
10689:
10680:
10678:
10669:
10667:
10664:
10662:
10659:
10657:
10645:
10643:
10631:
10630:
10627:
10623:
10616:
10611:
10609:
10604:
10602:
10597:
10596:
10593:
10582:
10577:
10576:
10570:
10565:
10564:
10558:
10554:
10550:
10546:
10541:
10540:
10534:
10532:
10528:
10522:
10516:
10514:
10508:
10506:
10500:
10498:
10492:
10490:
10483:
10481:
10471:
10469:
10462:
10460:
10454:
10452:
10446:
10444:
10438:
10436:
10430:
10428:
10422:
10420:
10414:
10412:
10406:
10403:
10402:
10395:
10393:
10387:
10385:
10379:
10377:
10374:
10373:
10371:
10367:
10361:
10345:
10331:
10329:
10318:
10316:
10308:
10298:
10296:
10292:
10285:
10283:
10273:
10271:
10263:
10247:
10240:
10237:
10235:
10229:
10227:
10215:
10203:
10197:
10195:
10185:
10183:
10172:
10166:
10164:
10160:
10148:
10142:
10140:
10130:
10128:
10121:
10118:
10117:
10115:
10113:
10109:
10103:
10097:
10095:
10092:
10090:
10080:
10078:
10075:
10073:
10070:
10068:
10065:
10063:
10056:
10054:
10048:
10046:
10043:
10041:
10038:
10036:
10033:
10031:
10025:
10023:
10020:
10018:
10012:
10011:
10009:
10005:
9998:
9997:
9990:
9988:
9982:
9980:
9974:
9972:
9962:
9960:
9953:
9951:
9948:
9946:
9940:
9938:
9932:
9930:
9924:
9923:
9921:
9917:
9912:
9905:
9900:
9898:
9893:
9891:
9886:
9885:
9882:
9866:
9863:
9860:
9857:
9854:
9851:
9848:
9845:
9842:
9839:
9837:
9825:
9822:
9820:
9812:
9810:
9802:
9799:
9798:
9795:
9787:
9784:
9781:
9779:
9771:
9769:
9761:
9758:
9756:
9748:
9746:
9738:
9736:
9728:
9725:
9722:
9720:
9712:
9710:
9701:
9693:
9691:
9683:
9680:
9679:
9672:
9668:
9665:
9662:
9659:
9656:
9653:
9650:
9647:
9644:
9641:
9638:
9635:
9632:
9629:
9626:
9623:
9620:
9617:
9614:
9613:
9609:
9606:
9603:
9601:
9593:
9591:
9583:
9581:
9578:
9576:
9567:
9555:
9553:
9546:
9543:
9540:
9533:
9527:
9524:
9521:
9518:
9516:
9510:
9507:
9504:
9502:
9494:
9491:
9489:
9481:
9479:
9476:
9475:
9471:
9469:
9466:
9464:
9455:
9447:
9445:
9437:
9435:
9427:
9425:
9417:
9415:
9407:
9405:
9402:
9400:
9392:
9389:
9386:
9383:
9381:
9375:
9372:
9369:
9367:
9359:
9357:
9355:
9347:
9345:
9342:
9341:
9337:
9335:
9332:
9330:
9321:
9312:
9307:
9305:
9287:
9273:
9265:
9263:
9254:
9246:
9244:
9236:
9234:
9226:
9224:
9221:
9219:
9212:
9205:
9197:
9195:
9183:
9175:
9173:
9166:
9159:
9153:
9150:
9148:
9142:
9139:
9136:
9134:
9126:
9124:
9122:
9114:
9112:
9109:
9108:
9104:
9102:
9099:
9097:
9088:
9079:
9075:
9070:
9068:
9060:
9058:
9044:
9036:
9034:
9026:
9024:
9016:
9014:
9011:
9010:
9006:
9004:
9001:
8999:
8990:
8986:
8981:
8979:
8969:
8959:
8955:
8946:
8944:
8933:
8927:
8925:
8919:
8917:
8909:
8907:
8904:
8903:
8899:
8893:
8891:
8888:
8887:
8881:
8876:
8868:
8863:
8861:
8856:
8854:
8849:
8848:
8845:
8833:
8830:
8828:
8825:
8824:
8821:
8815:
8812:
8810:
8807:
8805:
8804:its compounds
8801:
8798:
8794:
8790:
8789:
8788:
8785:
8783:
8780:
8777:
8774:
8772:
8769:
8768:
8766:
8762:
8756:
8753:
8751:
8748:
8746:
8743:
8741:
8740:Tetanospasmin
8738:
8736:
8735:T-2 mycotoxin
8733:
8731:
8728:
8726:
8723:
8721:
8718:
8716:
8713:
8711:
8708:
8706:
8703:
8701:
8698:
8696:
8693:
8691:
8688:
8686:
8683:
8681:
8678:
8676:
8673:
8671:
8668:
8666:
8665:Batrachotoxin
8663:
8661:
8658:
8656:
8653:
8651:
8648:
8646:
8643:
8641:
8638:
8636:
8633:
8632:
8630:
8626:
8620:
8617:
8615:
8612:
8610:
8609:Allyl alcohol
8607:
8605:
8602:
8600:
8597:
8595:
8592:
8590:
8587:
8585:
8582:
8581:
8579:
8575:
8569:
8566:
8564:
8561:
8559:
8556:
8554:
8551:
8549:
8546:
8545:
8543:
8540:
8536:
8530:
8527:
8525:
8522:
8520:
8517:
8515:
8512:
8510:
8507:
8505:
8502:
8500:
8497:
8495:
8492:
8490:
8487:
8485:
8482:
8480:
8477:
8475:
8474:Chloroacetone
8472:
8470:
8467:
8465:
8462:
8460:
8459:Benzyl iodide
8457:
8455:
8452:
8450:
8447:
8445:
8442:
8440:
8437:
8435:
8432:
8430:
8427:
8425:
8422:
8419:
8416:
8414:
8413:Xylyl bromide
8411:
8410:
8408:
8406:
8400:
8394:
8391:
8389:
8386:
8384:
8381:
8379:
8376:
8374:
8371:
8369:
8366:
8364:
8361:
8359:
8356:
8354:
8351:
8349:
8346:
8344:
8341:
8339:
8336:
8334:
8331:
8329:
8326:
8324:
8321:
8319:
8316:
8314:
8311:
8309:
8306:
8304:
8301:
8299:
8296:
8294:
8291:
8289:
8286:
8284:
8281:
8279:
8276:
8274:
8271:
8269:
8266:
8264:
8261:
8259:
8256:
8254:
8251:
8249:
8246:
8244:
8241:
8239:
8236:
8233:
8230:
8228:
8225:
8223:
8220:
8218:
8215:
8213:
8210:
8207:
8204:
8202:
8201:Butyrophenone
8199:
8197:
8194:
8191:
8188:
8187:
8185:
8183:
8177:
8171:
8170:o-Dianisidine
8168:
8166:
8163:
8161:
8158:
8156:
8153:
8151:
8147:
8144:
8142:
8139:
8136:
8133:
8132:
8130:
8128:
8124:
8118:
8115:
8113:
8110:
8108:
8105:
8103:
8100:
8098:
8095:
8093:
8090:
8088:
8085:
8083:
8080:
8078:
8075:
8073:
8070:
8068:
8065:
8063:
8060:
8058:
8055:
8053:
8050:
8048:
8045:
8043:
8040:
8038:
8035:
8033:
8030:
8028:
8025:
8023:
8020:
8018:
8017:Cadmium oxide
8015:
8013:
8010:
8008:
8005:
8003:
8000:
7998:
7995:
7993:
7990:
7988:
7985:
7983:
7980:
7978:
7975:
7972:
7969:
7966:
7963:
7961:
7958:
7955:
7952:
7950:
7947:
7945:
7942:
7939:
7936:
7934:
7931:
7929:
7926:
7925:
7923:
7921:
7915:
7909:
7906:
7904:
7901:
7899:
7896:
7892:
7889:
7887:
7884:
7882:
7879:
7878:
7877:
7874:
7872:
7869:
7867:
7866:Batrachotoxin
7864:
7862:
7859:
7857:
7854:
7852:
7849:
7847:
7844:
7842:
7839:
7837:
7834:
7832:
7829:
7827:
7824:
7822:
7819:
7817:
7814:
7811:
7808:
7806:
7803:
7800:
7797:
7795:
7792:
7790:
7787:
7784:
7781:
7778:
7775:
7773:
7770:
7767:
7764:
7761:
7758:
7756:
7753:
7750:
7749:Tetanospasmin
7747:
7744:
7741:
7739:
7736:
7733:
7730:
7728:
7725:
7724:
7722:
7720:
7716:
7706:
7703:
7701:
7698:
7696:
7693:
7691:
7688:
7686:
7683:
7681:
7678:
7676:
7673:
7671:
7668:
7666:
7663:
7661:
7658:
7655:
7652:
7650:
7647:
7645:
7642:
7640:
7637:
7635:
7632:
7630:
7627:
7624:
7621:
7618:
7615:
7612:
7609:
7607:
7604:
7602:
7599:
7597:
7594:
7592:
7589:
7587:
7584:
7582:
7579:
7577:
7574:
7572:
7569:
7567:
7564:
7562:
7559:
7557:
7554:
7552:
7549:
7546:
7543:
7541:
7538:
7536:
7533:
7531:
7528:
7526:
7523:
7521:
7518:
7516:
7513:
7511:
7508:
7506:
7503:
7501:
7498:
7497:
7495:
7491:
7485:
7482:
7480:
7477:
7475:
7472:
7470:
7467:
7465:
7462:
7460:
7457:
7455:
7452:
7450:
7447:
7445:
7442:
7440:
7437:
7435:
7432:
7430:
7427:
7425:
7422:
7420:
7417:
7415:
7412:
7411:
7409:
7405:
7399:
7396:
7394:
7391:
7389:
7386:
7384:
7381:
7379:
7376:
7374:
7371:
7369:
7366:
7364:
7361:
7359:
7356:
7354:
7351:
7349:
7346:
7344:
7341:
7339:
7336:
7334:
7331:
7329:
7326:
7324:
7321:
7319:
7316:
7315:
7313:
7311:
7307:
7301:
7298:
7296:
7293:
7291:
7288:
7286:
7283:
7281:
7278:
7276:
7273:
7271:
7268:
7266:
7263:
7262:
7260:
7258:
7254:
7248:
7245:
7244:
7242:
7238:
7232:
7229:
7227:
7224:
7222:
7219:
7217:
7214:
7212:
7209:
7207:
7204:
7202:
7199:
7197:
7194:
7192:
7189:
7187:
7184:
7182:
7179:
7177:
7174:
7173:
7171:
7169:
7165:
7159:
7156:
7154:
7151:
7149:
7146:
7144:
7141:
7139:
7136:
7133:
7130:
7128:
7125:
7122:
7119:
7116:
7113:
7110:
7107:
7104:
7101:
7098:
7095:
7093:
7090:
7087:
7084:
7083:
7081:
7079:
7075:
7072:
7070:
7066:
7056:
7053:
7051:
7048:
7046:
7043:
7042:
7040:
7036:
7029:
7026:
7025:
7023:
7021:
7020:Nettle agents
7017:
7011:
7008:
7006:
7003:
7001:
6998:
6996:
6993:
6992:
6990:
6988:
6984:
6978:
6975:
6973:
6970:
6968:
6965:
6962:
6959:
6958:
6956:
6954:
6950:
6944:
6941:
6938:
6935:
6932:
6929:
6926:
6923:
6920:
6917:
6914:
6911:
6909:
6907:
6903:
6900:
6898:
6894:
6888:
6885:
6883:
6880:
6878:
6875:
6873:
6870:
6868:
6865:
6863:
6860:
6858:
6855:
6853:
6850:
6848:
6845:
6843:
6840:
6838:
6835:
6833:
6830:
6828:
6825:
6823:
6822:Cacodyl oxide
6820:
6818:
6815:
6813:
6810:
6807:
6804:
6801:
6798:
6796:
6793:
6791:
6788:
6787:
6785:
6783:
6779:
6772:
6769:
6767:
6764:
6762:
6758:
6757:
6751:
6746:
6744:
6739:
6737:
6732:
6731:
6728:
6716:
6706:
6704:
6694:
6692:
6682:
6680:
6679:
6670:
6669:
6666:
6660:
6657:
6655:
6652:
6650:
6647:
6644:
6641:
6639:
6636:
6634:
6631:
6629:
6626:
6624:
6621:
6619:
6616:
6614:
6611:
6609:
6606:
6604:
6601:
6599:
6596:
6594:
6591:
6589:
6586:
6584:
6581:
6579:
6578:Homochirality
6576:
6574:
6571:
6569:
6566:
6564:
6561:
6559:
6556:
6554:
6551:
6549:
6546:
6544:
6541:
6539:
6536:
6534:
6531:
6529:
6526:
6524:
6521:
6519:
6516:
6514:
6511:
6509:
6506:
6504:
6501:
6500:
6498:
6496:
6492:
6486:
6483:
6481:
6478:
6476:
6473:
6471:
6468:
6466:
6460:
6458:
6451:
6449:
6446:
6444:
6441:
6439:
6436:
6434:
6433:Methoxyethane
6431:
6429:
6426:
6424:
6421:
6420:
6418:
6416:
6412:
6406:
6403:
6401:
6394:
6392:
6389:
6387:
6384:
6382:
6379:
6377:
6374:
6372:
6369:
6367:
6364:
6362:
6359:
6356:
6353:
6351:
6348:
6347:
6345:
6341:
6337:
6327:
6324:
6322:
6319:
6317:
6316:Butyronitrile
6314:
6312:
6309:
6307:
6304:
6302:
6299:
6297:
6294:
6292:
6291:Ethyl formate
6289:
6287:
6284:
6282:
6279:
6277:
6270:
6259:
6256:
6254:
6251:
6249:
6246:
6244:
6241:
6240:
6238:
6236:
6228:
6222:
6219:
6217:
6216:Propionitrile
6214:
6212:
6209:
6207:
6204:
6202:
6199:
6197:
6194:
6192:
6189:
6187:
6184:
6182:
6179:
6177:
6174:
6173:
6171:
6169:
6163:
6157:
6154:
6152:
6149:
6147:
6144:
6142:
6139:
6137:
6134:
6132:
6129:
6127:
6124:
6122:
6119:
6117:
6114:
6113:
6111:
6109:
6103:
6097:
6096:Vinyl alcohol
6094:
6092:
6089:
6087:
6084:
6082:
6079:
6077:
6074:
6072:
6069:
6067:
6064:
6062:
6059:
6055:
6054:Vinyl cyanide
6052:
6051:
6050:
6049:Acrylonitrile
6047:
6045:
6042:
6041:
6039:
6037:
6031:
6025:
6022:
6020:
6017:
6015:
6014:Pentynylidyne
6012:
6010:
6007:
6005:
6002:
6000:
5997:
5995:
5992:
5990:
5983:
5981:
5978:
5976:
5973:
5971:
5968:
5966:
5963:
5961:
5958:
5956:
5953:
5951:
5948:
5947:
5945:
5943:
5937:
5931:
5928:
5926:
5923:
5921:
5918:
5916:
5913:
5911:
5910:Methylenimine
5908:
5906:
5903:
5901:
5898:
5896:
5893:
5891:
5888:
5886:
5883:
5881:
5878:
5876:
5873:
5871:
5868:
5866:
5863:
5861:
5858:
5856:
5853:
5851:
5848:
5845:
5842:
5841:
5839:
5837:
5831:
5825:
5822:
5820:
5817:
5815:
5812:
5810:
5807:
5805:
5802:
5800:
5797:
5795:
5792:
5790:
5789:Propynylidyne
5787:
5785:
5782:
5780:
5779:Methyl cation
5777:
5775:
5772:
5770:
5767:
5765:
5762:
5760:
5757:
5755:
5752:
5750:
5747:
5745:
5742:
5740:
5739:Fulminic acid
5737:
5735:
5732:
5730:
5727:
5725:
5722:
5720:
5717:
5715:
5712:
5711:
5709:
5707:
5701:
5695:
5692:
5690:
5687:
5685:
5682:
5680:
5677:
5675:
5672:
5670:
5667:
5665:
5662:
5660:
5657:
5655:
5652:
5650:
5647:
5645:
5642:
5640:
5637:
5635:
5632:
5630:
5627:
5625:
5622:
5620:
5617:
5615:
5614:Nitrous oxide
5612:
5610:
5603:
5601:
5598:
5596:
5593:
5591:
5588:
5586:
5583:
5581:
5578:
5576:
5573:
5571:
5568:
5565:
5562:
5559:
5556:
5554:
5551:
5549:
5546:
5544:
5541:
5539:
5536:
5534:
5531:
5529:
5526:
5524:
5521:
5519:
5516:
5514:
5511:
5509:
5508:Amino radical
5506:
5504:
5501:
5499:
5496:
5495:
5493:
5491:
5487:
5482:
5473:
5464:
5454:
5451:
5449:
5446:
5444:
5441:
5439:
5438:Sodium iodide
5436:
5434:
5431:
5429:
5426:
5424:
5421:
5419:
5416:
5414:
5411:
5409:
5406:
5404:
5401:
5398:
5395:
5393:
5390:
5388:
5385:
5382:
5379:
5377:
5374:
5372:
5369:
5367:
5364:
5362:
5359:
5357:
5354:
5351:
5348:
5346:
5343:
5341:
5338:
5336:
5333:
5331:
5328:
5326:
5323:
5321:
5320:Cyano radical
5318:
5316:
5313:
5311:
5308:
5306:
5303:
5301:
5300:Carbon cation
5298:
5296:
5293:
5291:
5288:
5286:
5283:
5281:
5278:
5277:
5275:
5273:
5269:
5266:
5264:
5260:
5256:
5249:
5244:
5242:
5237:
5235:
5230:
5229:
5226:
5220:
5217:
5215:
5212:
5210:
5207:
5205:
5202:
5199:
5195:
5192:
5190:
5187:
5184:
5180:
5176:
5172:
5171:
5158:
5152:
5136:
5132:
5128:
5122:
5108:
5104:
5097:
5082:
5078:
5071:
5057:on 2015-07-17
5056:
5052:
5046:
5031:
5025:
5017:
5015:9780300067552
5011:
5007:
5002:
5001:
4995:
4989:
4974:
4968:
4961:
4957:
4954:
4949:
4947:
4939:
4934:
4927:
4923:
4919:
4913:
4897:
4893:
4889:
4885:
4881:
4877:
4873:
4868:
4863:
4859:
4855:
4854:
4849:
4842:
4826:
4822:
4821:
4816:
4809:
4793:
4789:
4788:
4783:
4776:
4768:
4762:
4754:
4750:
4746:
4742:
4738:
4734:
4729:
4724:
4720:
4716:
4715:
4706:
4691:
4690:
4685:
4678:
4670:
4666:
4662:
4658:
4654:
4650:
4645:
4640:
4636:
4632:
4625:
4617:
4613:
4609:
4605:
4601:
4597:
4592:
4587:
4583:
4579:
4572:
4564:
4560:
4556:
4552:
4548:
4544:
4539:
4534:
4530:
4526:
4519:
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3413:
3399:on 2016-04-18
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3355:
3341:on 2013-05-10
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2561:sulfuric acid
2558:
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2536:, as part of
2535:
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2217:tobacco smoke
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1836:over glowing
1835:
1831:
1795:
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1786:
1778:
1777:
1776:
1774:
1773:alkali metals
1769:
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1756:
1752:
1748:
1744:
1723:
1722:
1721:
1719:
1715:
1710:
1708:
1707:acrylonitrile
1695:→ 2 HCN + 6 H
1681:
1680:
1679:
1677:
1673:
1669:
1665:
1661:
1657:
1653:
1643:
1637:
1636:Ancient Greek
1633:
1629:
1625:
1621:
1617:
1613:
1609:
1604:
1603:
1602:prussic acid.
1599:
1595:
1591:
1586:
1582:
1581:Prussian blue
1578:
1555:
1554:
1553:
1551:
1547:
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1467:
1457:
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1440:
1436:
1432:
1431:bitter almond
1427:
1425:
1421:
1417:
1413:
1409:
1405:
1395:
1393:
1389:
1385:
1381:
1380:organyl group
1373:
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1199:
1196:
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1191:
1189:
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1184:
1181:
1180:
1178:
1173:
1172:
1167:
1163:
1159:
1155:
1154:
1150:
1147:(Recommended)
1146:
1142:
1141:
1137:
1134:(Permissible)
1133:
1129:
1128:
1124:
1123:
1118:
1102:
1098:
1089:
1088:
1074:
1070:
1061:
1060:
1056:
1052:
1049:5.6% – 40.0%
1048:
1046:
1043:
1042:
1038:
1035:
1029:
1028:
1024:
1022:
1019:
1018:
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847:
844:135.1 kJ mol
843:
835:
827:
821:
820:
816:
808:
803:
797:
796:
792:
787:
782:
781:Heat capacity
778:
777:
772:
768:
765:
764:Dipole moment
761:
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559:
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556:Boiling point
554:
553:
549:
547:
546:Melting point
544:
543:
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534:
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529:
528:bitter almond
526:
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427:DTXSID9024148
424:
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389:
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275:
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268:ECHA InfoCard
265:
264:
257:
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245:
244:
237:
233:
232:
230:
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225:
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63:
59:
58:
54:
50:
45:
37:
33:
29:
22:
11510:Blood agents
11484:H[Co(CO)
10772:
10579:(a strongly
10573:
10561:
10537:
10397:
10039:
9992:
8889:
8745:Tetrodotoxin
8695:Grayanotoxin
8479:Bromoacetone
8469:Thiophosgene
8424:Mace (spray)
8418:Pepper spray
8403:Lachrymatory
8388:Fluphenazine
8383:Procarbazine
8293:Sleeping gas
8141:Chloropicrin
8052:Nitric oxide
7954:Chloropicrin
7898:Cloflubicyne
7861:Oxotremorine
7810:Antillatoxin
7789:Tetrodotoxin
7738:Bungarotoxin
7634:Nitromethane
7596:Formaldoxime
7535:Cyclohexanol
7500:Acetonitrile
7247:GV (EA-5365)
7069:Nerve agents
6872:Lactonitrile
6805:
6782:Blood agents
6771:riot control
6671:
6654:Spectroscopy
6508:Astrobiology
6375:
6361:Formaldehyde
6253:Benzonitrile
6044:Acetaldehyde
5999:Methanethiol
5950:Acetonitrile
5855:Carbodiimide
5734:Formaldehyde
5729:Cyanoethynyl
5580:Iron cyanide
5575:Hydroperoxyl
5557:
5376:Nitric oxide
5182:
5178:
5151:
5139:. Retrieved
5135:the original
5130:
5121:
5110:. Retrieved
5107:The Guardian
5106:
5096:
5084:. Retrieved
5080:
5070:
5059:. Retrieved
5055:the original
5045:
5034:. Retrieved
5024:
4999:
4988:
4977:. Retrieved
4967:
4933:
4917:
4912:
4900:. Retrieved
4857:
4851:
4841:
4829:. Retrieved
4818:
4808:
4796:. Retrieved
4787:The Atlantic
4785:
4775:
4761:
4718:
4712:
4705:
4693:. Retrieved
4687:
4677:
4634:
4630:
4624:
4581:
4577:
4571:
4531:(1): 63–80.
4528:
4524:
4518:
4475:
4471:
4465:
4422:
4418:
4374:
4370:
4360:
4333:
4329:
4319:
4294:
4290:
4284:
4265:
4255:
4230:
4226:
4200:
4196:
4190:
4145:
4141:
4131:
4094:
4090:
4080:
4066:(1): 69–72.
4063:
4059:
4053:
4023:(1): 13–18.
4020:
4016:
4010:
3977:
3973:
3952:. Retrieved
3948:
3938:
3887:
3883:
3877:
3832:
3828:
3790:
3786:
3780:
3755:
3751:
3741:
3704:
3700:
3690:
3649:
3645:
3639:
3622:
3618:
3612:
3600:. Retrieved
3596:the original
3586:
3553:
3549:
3543:
3513:(1): 11–36.
3510:
3506:
3500:
3485:Csl.noaa.gov
3484:
3472:
3464:News.mit.edu
3463:
3454:
3445:
3436:
3421:
3412:
3401:. Retrieved
3394:the original
3381:
3364:
3360:
3354:
3343:. Retrieved
3339:the original
3334:
3325:
3300:
3294:
3288:
3279:
3275:
3265:
3256:
3252:
3242:
3231:. Retrieved
3227:the original
3222:
3212:
3203:
3199:
3186:
3176:
3167:
3163:
3150:
3146:
3136:
3127:
3114:
3105:
3099:
3082:
3078:
3072:
3045:
3039:
3004:
3000:
2982:
2974:the original
2969:
2945:. Retrieved
2939:
2930:
2916:
2887:
2863:
2798:
2794:
2784:
2765:
2759:
2747:. Retrieved
2726:
2702:
2651:
2636:
2611:. Retrieved
2606:
2597:
2584:
2576:prussic acid
2575:
2573:
2550:
2542:Harry Truman
2530:World War II
2527:
2517:
2514:World War II
2496:
2492:
2482:
2467:
2439:
2411:
2365:
2359:with NASA's
2351:
2313:
2302:
2278:interstellar
2275:
2255:carbon stars
2248:
2226:
2214:
2199:
2187:phagocytosis
2181:
2176:
2172:
2168:
2155:
2121:
2109:
2071:
2057:
2029:
2026:burnet moths
2019:
2013:
2007:
1980:cyanohydrins
1958:that have a
1953:
1932:
1924:adiponitrile
1882:cyanohydrins
1859:
1856:Applications
1827:
1810:→ 6 HCN + Fe
1787:
1784:
1780:H + CN → HCN
1770:
1762:hydrocarbons
1759:
1740:
1711:
1703:
1654:invented by
1649:
1627:
1622:). In 1811,
1619:
1605:
1601:
1597:
1593:
1574:
1540:
1533:
1503:
1486:to give the
1471:
1463:
1428:
1401:
1361:
1348:
1337:adiponitrile
1315:liquid that
1290:prussic acid
1289:
1285:
1284:
1218:Acetonitrile
1121:
1054:
1032:Autoignition
967:
903:
855:
833:
806:
785:
691:
648:
637:
627:
608:
540:0.6876 g/cm
363:RTECS number
157:Identifiers
145:Prussic acid
140:
134:
122:Other names
104:Formonitrile
8755:Veratridine
8730:Shiga toxin
8685:Domoic acid
8548:Thioacetone
8514:Iodoacetone
8378:Pentazocine
8373:Sevoflurane
8338:CAR-302,668
8333:CAR-302,282
8328:CAR-302,196
8323:CAR-301,060
8318:CAR-226,086
8298:Carfentanil
8196:Apomorphine
8117:Green Cross
7908:Domoic acid
7719:Neurotoxins
7639:OPA mixture
7530:Chlorosoman
7525:Chlorosarin
7459:Phospholine
7158:Crotylsarin
7143:Fluorotabun
7115:Chlorosoman
7097:Chlorosarin
6628:Outer space
6538:Cosmic dust
6503:Abiogenesis
6415:Unconfirmed
6371:Heavy water
6211:Ethanethiol
6126:Cyanoallene
6116:Acetic acid
6086:Methylamine
5970:Diacetylene
5885:Formic acid
5875:Cyanomethyl
5533:Diazenylium
5523:CCP radical
5399:(molecular)
5383:(molecular)
5352:(molecular)
5081:YouTube.Com
5051:"Uragan D2"
5030:"Blue Fume"
4902:15 December
4831:15 December
4798:15 December
4637:: 462–466.
4233:: L47–L52.
4197:Tetrahedron
3758:: 218–247.
2557:U.S. states
2507:Nazi German
2495:, with the
2463:blood agent
2414:World War I
2357:55 Cancri e
2354:Super-Earth
2334:inside the
2267:atmospheric
2161:cholinergic
1718:BMA process
1521:+ HCN → RCH
1454:rodenticide
1408:triple bond
1055:Lethal dose
1034:temperature
1021:Flash point
898:Signal word
737:Point group
603:Henry's law
514:Appearance
487:Properties
274:100.000.747
236:CHEBI:18407
11504:Categories
8705:Maitotoxin
8700:Guanitoxin
8680:Ciguatoxin
8675:Brevetoxin
8660:Anatoxin-a
8655:Aflatoxins
8568:Putrescine
8563:Cadaverine
8539:Malodorant
8363:Isoflurane
8348:Desflurane
8343:Benperidol
8288:Psilocybin
8283:PAVA spray
7965:Diphosgene
7918:Pulmonary/
7846:Picrotoxin
7805:Strychnine
7799:Brevetoxin
7783:Maitotoxin
7766:Guanitoxin
7760:Ciguatoxin
7727:Anatoxin-a
7660:Pinacolone
7493:Precursors
7454:Selenophos
7310:Carbamates
7226:Chinese VX
7132:Cyclosarin
7121:Ethylsarin
7092:Sarin (GB)
6943:Lewisite 3
6937:Lewisite 2
6906:Arsenicals
6543:Cosmic ray
6485:Silylidyne
6448:Hemolithin
6423:Anthracene
6340:Deuterated
6321:Pyrimidine
6131:Ethanimine
5994:Ketenimine
5850:Butadiynyl
5674:Thioformyl
5528:Chloronium
5141:18 October
5112:2022-06-14
5061:2022-10-19
5036:2020-07-06
4979:2009-01-14
4926:3640233603
4867:2301.05259
3897:1902.05574
3842:2008.04312
3835:(2): 110.
3403:2023-04-17
3345:2013-01-31
3282:: 136–231.
3259:: 128–133.
3233:2010-03-31
3153:: 264–275.
3120:Macquer PJ
3055:1402019998
2947:2010-03-31
2731:Evans DA.
2667:9241530618
2613:2012-06-04
2589:References
2474:Schedule 3
2263:telescopes
2243:See also:
2204:caused by
2183:Leukocytes
2158:muscarinic
2118:In mammals
2098:→ HCN + CH
2006:, such as
2004:millipedes
1962:, such as
1950:Occurrence
1914:. Via the
1902:, via the
1900:methionine
1897:amino acid
1792:and acid:
1733:→ HCN + 3H
1678:catalyst:
1620:Sauerstoff
1585:iron oxide
867:Pictograms
716:Structure
578:Solubility
505:Molar mass
499:HCN
388:2WTB3V159F
247:ChemSpider
185:3D model (
164:CAS Number
141:(gas form)
101:IUPAC name
11520:Fumigants
11166:[PtCl
8800:Plutonium
8750:Volkensin
8725:Saxitoxin
8715:Palytoxin
8640:Aconitine
8368:Halothane
8358:Bufotenin
8353:Enflurane
8273:Kolokol-1
8253:Pethidine
8227:Etoxadrol
8212:Etorphine
8208:(CS-4640)
8192:(CS-4030)
8150:glycerine
8097:Salcomine
7856:Tremorine
7794:Aconitine
7777:Palytoxin
7755:Ryanodine
7732:Saxitoxin
7469:Ro 3-0422
7240:GV agents
7103:Thiosarin
6832:Phosphine
6475:Phosphine
6343:molecules
6276:fullerene
6176:Acetamide
5980:Formamide
5860:Cyanamide
5714:Acetylene
5689:Tricarbon
5600:Methylene
5585:Isoformyl
5490:Triatomic
5263:Molecules
5183:in French
4892:255825649
4728:1408.2458
4721:(1): L2.
4695:12 August
4644:0709.3423
4457:118958200
4401:122549795
3869:221095540
3707:(2): 51.
2964:Lytle T.
2817:0193-4929
2708:CRC Press
2676:1020-6167
2553:execution
2502:Blausäure
2493:Cyclone B
2491:(German:
2372:Enceladus
2177:decreases
2169:increases
2147:analgesia
2131:receptors
2021:Apheloria
2000:linamarin
1988:amygdalin
1928:Nylon-6,6
1920:butadiene
1848:yielding
1716:process (
1662:in which
1660:IG Farben
1594:Blausäure
1496:(CN)(HCN)
1406:, with a
1368:inorganic
1325:precursor
1313:flammable
1296:with the
858:labelling
826:formation
800:Std molar
707:Viscosity
586:Miscible
572:Miscible
399:UN number
370:MW6825000
295:200-821-6
287:EC Number
135:(aqueous)
11515:Cyanides
11259:[SiF
10683:H[BF
10346: /
10309: /
10293: /
10264: /
10248: /
10241: /
10216: /
10204: /
10173: /
10161: /
10149: /
10122: /
10022:>C=NR
9919:Hydrides
9911:Nitrogen
8809:Polonium
8710:Modeccin
8619:Acrolein
8584:Lewisite
8489:Acrolein
8313:CS-27349
8263:Ibogaine
8146:Litharge
8135:Adamsite
8112:Diborane
8102:Fluomine
8082:Ethenone
7977:Acrolein
7944:Fluorine
7938:Phosgene
7928:Chlorine
7328:EA-3887A
7300:C01-A042
7295:C01-A039
7290:C01-A035
7168:V-agents
7078:G-agents
6963:(EA-229)
6931:Lewisite
6790:Cyanogen
6462:Linear C
6443:Graphene
6355:Ammonium
6156:Acrolein
6019:Propynal
6004:Methanol
5975:Ethylene
5844:Ammonium
5619:Nitroxyl
5443:Sulfanyl
5387:Imidogen
5381:Nitrogen
5350:Hydrogen
5295:Argonium
5272:Diatomic
5086:June 23,
4956:Archived
4896:Archived
4825:Archived
4792:Archived
4753:26277035
4669:14398456
4510:11335358
4182:25369814
4123:21556207
4045:29850349
4037:15099699
4002:12277593
3930:73442008
3922:30721064
3733:29751568
3682:40193390
3674:17753947
3535:10669009
3489:Archived
3206:: 30–39.
3122:(1756).
3064:54966334
3031:32027458
2870:(NIOSH).
2845:(NIOSH).
2749:June 19,
2740:Archived
2555:in some
2518:en masse
2487:Zyklon B
2435:trenches
2431:chlorine
2427:phosgene
2259:observed
2239:In space
2191:bacteria
2054:On Titan
2036:plastics
1998:such as
1982:such as
1968:apricots
1964:cherries
1935:fumigant
1922:to give
1755:hydrogen
1676:platinum
1450:volatile
1420:tautomer
1416:nitrogen
1410:between
1392:hydrogen
1372:nitriles
1357:cyanides
1341:volatile
1329:polymers
1300:HCN and
1233:Cyanogen
968:NFPA 704
849:Hazards
645:Basicity
605:constant
36:Cyanogen
10369:Halides
10007:Organic
9913:species
9676:
8875:cyanide
8558:Skatole
8553:Allicin
8268:EA-3834
8258:EA-3580
8248:EA-3443
8243:EA-3167
8238:EA-2148
8222:CS-4297
8217:EA-2092
8206:EA-4941
7933:Bromine
7571:EA-1224
7551:EA-1250
7464:R-16661
7439:EA-2613
7434:EA-2098
7429:EA-2054
7424:EA-2012
7393:3152 CT
7383:TL-1317
7378:TL-1299
7373:TL-1238
7343:EA-4056
7338:EA-3990
7333:EA-3966
7323:EA-3887
7221:EA-1763
7181:EA-3148
7176:EA-2192
7153:EA-4352
7148:EA-1356
6882:Stibine
6608:Kerogen
6495:Related
6438:Glycine
6391:Propyne
6350:Ammonia
6248:Benzene
6243:Acetone
6235:or more
6206:Propene
6191:Ethanol
6081:Propyne
5900:Methane
5769:Ketenyl
5719:Ammonia
4872:Bibcode
4733:Bibcode
4649:Bibcode
4616:8016228
4596:Bibcode
4563:9135663
4543:Bibcode
4490:Bibcode
4437:Bibcode
4379:Bibcode
4338:Bibcode
4299:Bibcode
4235:Bibcode
4173:4187177
4150:Bibcode
4114:3084482
4072:1245233
3994:9369328
3902:Bibcode
3847:Bibcode
3795:Bibcode
3760:Bibcode
3724:6023451
3701:Insects
3654:Bibcode
3646:Science
3631:1650055
3602:6 March
3578:9431670
3558:Bibcode
3515:Bibcode
3507:Toxicon
3423:PubChem
3305:Bibcode
3022:7317722
2839:"#0333"
2638:PubChem
2580:whaling
2528:During
2512:during
2300:(HNC).
2233:Adenine
2173:in vivo
2124:neurons
2086:+ N → H
2072:in situ
2068:Voyager
1992:cassava
1893:acetone
1891:, from
1886:monomer
1834:ammonia
1766:propane
1764:, e.g.
1747:methane
1714:Degussa
1668:ammonia
1664:methane
1628:cyanide
1616:calqued
1506:alkenes
1490:anion,
1488:cyanide
1480:ionizes
1468:with a
1443:genetic
1382:(e.g.,
1298:formula
1292:) is a
1267:what is
1265: (
1164:50 ppm
802:entropy
769:2.98 D
757:Linear
701:1.2675
680:Cyanide
624:Acidity
607: (
582:ethanol
536:Density
339:PubChem
174:74-90-8
148:Cyanane
21:Cyanine
10583:oxide)
10581:acidic
10112:Oxides
9815:Th(CN)
9805:Ac(CN)
9790:Yb(CN)
9774:Ho(CN)
9764:Dy(CN)
9751:Gd(CN)
9741:Eu(CN)
9731:Sm(CN)
9715:Pr(CN)
9705:Ce(CN)
9696:Ce(CN)
9686:La(CN)
9596:Bi(CN)
9586:Pb(CN)
9571:Hg(CN)
9549:Au(CN)
9536:Pt(CN)
9529:Pt(CN)
9497:Lu(CN)
9484:Ba(CN)
9459:Te(CN)
9450:Te(CN)
9440:Sb(CN)
9430:Sn(CN)
9420:In(CN)
9410:Cd(CN)
9395:Pd(CN)
9377:Mo(CN)
9350:Sr(CN)
9325:Se(CN)
9316:(SeCN)
9268:As(CN)
9258:Ge(CN)
9249:Ge(CN)
9239:Ga(CN)
9229:Zn(CN)
9215:Ni(CN)
9208:Ni(CN)
9200:Ni(CN)
9186:Co(CN)
9178:Co(CN)
9169:Fe(CN)
9162:Fe(CN)
9155:Fe(CN)
9144:Cr(CN)
9129:Sc(CN)
9117:Ca(CN)
9039:Si(CN)
9029:Al(CN)
9019:Mg(CN)
8912:Be(CN)
8776:Napalm
8541:agents
8405:agents
8308:JB-336
8303:JB-318
8278:LSD-25
8234:(DMHP)
8182:agents
7841:A-8564
7801:(PbTX)
7751:(TeNT)
7368:TL-599
7358:T-1194
7353:T-1152
7348:T-1123
7117:(ClGD)
7099:(ClGB)
7010:TL-301
6812:Arsine
6659:Tholin
6480:Pyrene
5925:Silane
5895:Ketene
5397:Oxygen
5012:
4924:
4890:
4751:
4667:
4614:
4561:
4508:
4455:
4399:
4291:Icarus
4272:
4180:
4170:
4121:
4111:
4070:
4043:
4035:
4000:
3992:
3928:
3920:
3867:
3752:Icarus
3731:
3721:
3680:
3672:
3629:
3576:
3533:
3085:: 60.
3062:
3052:
3029:
3019:
2997:]"
2904:
2815:
2772:
2714:
2674:
2664:
2376:Saturn
2368:plumes
2340:comets
2330:, and
2167:cells
2128:opioid
2018:, and
1972:apples
1956:fruits
1942:, and
1895:, the
1874:silver
1846:sodium
1687:+ 2 NH
1672:oxygen
1640:κύανος
1612:oxygen
1583:to an
1517:RCH=CH
1466:acidic
1448:. The
1439:detect
1433:-like
1418:. The
1412:carbon
1351:. The
1262:verify
1259:
904:Danger
530:-like
471:SMILES
313:C01326
216:B00275
208:3DMet
95:Names
34:, and
10934:NaHCO
10551:, 0,
10243:(HON)
10027:-CONR
9512:W(CN)
9362:Y(CN)
9092:S(CN)
9083:(SCN)
9063:P(CN)
8994:O(CN)
8929:C(CN)
8921:B(CN)
8764:Other
8720:Ricin
8635:Abrin
8594:KB-16
7881:IPTBO
7812:(ATX)
7785:(MTX)
7779:(PTX)
7768:(GTX)
7762:(CTX)
7745:(BTX)
7601:Nital
7407:Other
7285:A-262
7280:A-242
7275:A-234
7270:A-232
7265:A-208
7109:Soman
7105:(SGB)
7086:Tabun
7045:KB-16
7038:Other
6645:(PAH)
6233:atoms
6168:atoms
6108:atoms
6106:Eight
6036:atoms
6034:Seven
5942:atoms
5836:atoms
5706:atoms
5694:Water
5624:Ozone
5566:(HNC)
5560:(HCN)
5198:CICAD
4888:S2CID
4862:arXiv
4749:S2CID
4723:arXiv
4665:S2CID
4639:arXiv
4612:S2CID
4586:arXiv
4559:S2CID
4533:arXiv
4506:S2CID
4480:arXiv
4453:S2CID
4427:arXiv
4397:S2CID
4041:S2CID
3998:S2CID
3954:5 May
3926:S2CID
3892:arXiv
3865:S2CID
3837:arXiv
3678:S2CID
3492:(PDF)
3481:(PDF)
3397:(PDF)
3390:(PDF)
3166:[
2743:(PDF)
2736:(PDF)
2461:as a
2422:Italy
2336:comae
2195:fungi
2047:Titan
1691:+ 3 O
1484:water
1446:trait
1390:) or
1384:alkyl
1376:R−C≡N
1353:salts
1345:water
1317:boils
1309:toxic
1305:H−C≡N
1122:NIOSH
446:InChI
403:1051
227:ChEBI
187:JSmol
11274:HNCS
11269:HSCN
10943:HNCO
10891:HMnO
10778:HCNO
10764:HClO
10754:HClO
10744:HClO
10738:HClO
10724:HBrO
10714:HBrO
10704:HBrO
10698:HBrO
10661:HArF
10510:NHBr
10502:NHCl
10295:ONOO
10124:(NO)
10077:HNCS
10072:HNCO
10067:HOCN
10050:(CN)
9832:(CN)
9580:TlCN
9562:(CN)
9545:AuCN
9478:CsCN
9404:AgCN
9344:RbCN
9334:BrCN
9310:SeCN
9303:AsCN
9285:AsCN
9223:CuCN
9101:ClCN
9078:-NCS
9056:SiCN
9013:NaCN
8989:-NCO
8958:ONCN
8940:(CN)
8906:LiCN
8802:and
8420:(OC)
8137:(DM)
7967:(DP)
7956:(PS)
7940:(CG)
7891:TBPS
7886:TBPO
7734:(TZ)
7656:(TH)
7625:(DF)
7619:(SW)
7613:(TB)
7586:DMHP
7566:DEHP
7556:DIHP
7547:(KB)
7484:MSPI
7134:(GF)
7123:(GE)
7111:(GD)
7088:(GA)
7030:(CX)
6977:CEES
6945:(L3)
6939:(L2)
6927:(PD)
6921:(MD)
6915:(ED)
6808:(AC)
6802:(CK)
6166:Nine
5834:Five
5744:HCCN
5704:Four
5664:SiNC
5143:2014
5088:2022
5010:ISBN
4922:ISBN
4904:2023
4833:2023
4800:2023
4697:2014
4689:NASA
4270:ISBN
4178:PMID
4142:Life
4119:PMID
4068:PMID
4033:PMID
3990:PMID
3956:2015
3918:PMID
3729:PMID
3670:PMID
3627:PMID
3604:2014
3574:PMID
3531:PMID
3060:OCLC
3050:ISBN
3027:PMID
2902:ISBN
2813:ISSN
2770:ISBN
2751:2020
2712:ISBN
2672:ISSN
2662:ISBN
2468:The
2380:life
2345:and
2332:dust
2290:HCNH
2200:The
1986:and
1910:and
1908:EDTA
1872:and
1870:gold
1864:and
1838:coal
1753:and
1729:+ NH
1683:2 CH
1666:and
1632:cyan
1561:+ H
1435:odor
1414:and
1388:aryl
1335:and
1311:and
1158:IDLH
956:P261
952:P210
938:H410
934:H370
930:H336
926:H319
918:H225
523:Odor
379:UNII
324:MeSH
304:KEGG
11463:TiO
11449:TeO
11435:TeO
11245:SiO
11231:SeO
11217:SeO
11007:NSO
10992:HNO
10964:HNO
10954:HNO
10948:HNO
10928:HNC
10919:MoO
10905:MnO
10881:HIO
10871:HIO
10861:HIO
10855:HIO
10845:HFO
10788:CrO
10773:HCN
10733:HCl
10693:HBr
10672:HSO
10666:HAt
10652:AsO
10638:AsO
10571:,
10518:NHI
10494:NHF
10448:BrN
10440:ClN
10416:NBr
10408:NCl
10404:(?)
10315:NOO
10279:NNO
10239:HNO
10199:HNO
10175:(NO
10144:HNO
10099:-NO
10094:-NO
10062:NCN
10040:HCN
10035:-CN
9999:(?)
9867:No
9864:Md
9861:Fm
9858:Es
9855:Cf
9852:Bk
9849:Cm
9846:Am
9843:Pu
9840:Np
9823:Pa
9800:**
9785:Tm
9782:Er
9759:Tb
9726:Pm
9723:Nd
9669:Og
9666:Ts
9663:Lv
9660:Mc
9657:Fl
9654:Nh
9651:Cn
9648:Rg
9645:Ds
9642:Mt
9639:Hs
9636:Bh
9633:Sg
9630:Db
9627:Rf
9624:Lr
9621:**
9618:Ra
9615:Fr
9610:Rn
9607:At
9604:Po
9525:Ir
9522:Os
9519:Re
9508:Ta
9505:Hf
9472:Xe
9468:ICN
9390:Rh
9387:Ru
9384:Tc
9373:Nb
9370:Zr
9338:Kr
9277:(CH
9151:Mn
9137:Ti
9111:KCN
9105:Ar
9073:SCN
9048:(CH
9007:Ne
9003:FCN
8984:OCN
8967:NCN
8900:He
8890:HCN
8877:ion
8444:CNS
7973:(Z)
7515:AlP
7510:ATO
7005:HN3
7000:HN2
6995:HN1
6933:(L)
6457:NCO
6357:ion
6264:, C
6231:Ten
5940:Six
5846:ion
5200:61)
5177:".
5006:443
4880:doi
4741:doi
4719:792
4657:doi
4635:242
4604:doi
4582:592
4551:doi
4529:152
4498:doi
4476:606
4445:doi
4423:632
4387:doi
4375:583
4346:doi
4334:543
4307:doi
4243:doi
4231:163
4205:doi
4168:PMC
4158:doi
4109:PMC
4099:doi
4025:doi
3982:doi
3978:768
3910:doi
3888:123
3855:doi
3833:901
3803:doi
3768:doi
3756:247
3719:PMC
3709:doi
3662:doi
3650:138
3566:doi
3523:doi
3369:doi
3335:EPA
3313:doi
3087:doi
3017:PMC
3009:doi
2894:doi
2803:doi
2567:or
2563:on
2442:ppm
2429:or
2412:In
2398:."
2370:of
2338:of
2320:HNC
2235:).
1960:pit
1912:NTA
1709:.
1658:at
1598:lit
1525:−CH
1482:in
1386:or
1145:REL
1132:PEL
856:GHS
837:298
810:298
580:in
478:C#N
415:EPA
352:768
342:CID
256:748
11506::
11477:Po
11424:Te
11409:SO
11405:CF
11312:SO
11298:SO
11284:SO
11206:Se
11154:10
11116:PO
11102:PO
11088:PO
10850:HI
10840:HF
10831:CS
10817:CO
10799:Cr
10575:+5
10569:+4
10567:,
10563:+3
10559:,
10557:+2
10555:,
10553:+1
10549:−1
10547:,
10545:−2
10543:,
10539:−3
10489:Cl
10485:NH
10464:NH
10456:IN
10432:FN
10424:NI
10398:NF
10389:NF
10381:NF
10376:NF
10320:NO
10304:NO
10300:HO
10291:NO
10287:HO
10231:NO
10218:NO
10206:NO
10168:NO
10163:NO
10151:NO
10120:NO
10082:CH
10045:CN
10014:NR
9993:NH
9976:HN
9959:OH
9955:NH
9942:NH
9934:NH
9926:NH
9828:UO
9681:*
9558:Hg
9492:*
9291:(C
9140:V
8977:CN
8953:CN
8949:NH
8589:CX
8439:CR
8434:CS
8429:CN
8190:BZ
7705:TG
7700:TC
7675:QL
7561:ZS
7505:AT
7216:VX
7211:VS
7206:VR
7201:VP
7196:VM
7191:VG
7186:VE
7138:GP
7127:GH
6274:70
6266:60
6262:60
6260:(C
5985:HC
5129:.
5105:.
5079:.
5008:.
4945:^
4894:.
4886:.
4878:.
4870:.
4856:.
4850:.
4823:.
4817:.
4790:.
4784:.
4747:.
4739:.
4731:.
4717:.
4686:.
4663:.
4655:.
4647:.
4633:.
4610:.
4602:.
4594:.
4580:.
4557:.
4549:.
4541:.
4527:.
4504:.
4496:.
4488:.
4474:.
4451:.
4443:.
4435:.
4421:.
4409:^
4395:.
4385:.
4373:.
4369:.
4344:.
4332:.
4328:.
4305:.
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