282:
company's executives trying to go it alone in developing the drug. What saved the company was a return to the policy of collaboration. Learning from its mistakes with
Centoxin, in December 1994 Centocor gained marketing approval for ReoPro, a monoclonal antibody drug for cardiovascular disease. The first therapeutic to ever receive simultaneous US and European approvals, and the second monoclonal antibody to ever win approval as a drug, ReoPro marked a milestone for both Centocor and for monoclonal antibodies therapeutics. ReoPro was to be followed in August 1998 by the approval of Centocor's
278:
systems. Under
Schoemaker's leadership Centocor rapidly grew into a profitable diagnostic business. By 1985 the company had revenues of approximately $ 50 million. In part this success was built upon the swift approval the company won for two of its tests. The first was for gastrointestinal cancer test and the other was for hepatitis B. Between 1983 and 1986 Centocor introduced three other diagnostic tests to the market: one for ovarian cancer (the first diagnostic test available for the disease), one for breast cancer and one for colorectal cancer.
298:
from adult bone marrow to help regenerate heart tissue damaged during heart attacks. Later the company turned direction to looking at the development of a treatment for incision wounds in women following breast cancer reconstruction surgery. The company later changed its name to Garnet BioTherapeutics. Despite promising clinical results and raising more than $ 55 million in venture capital funding, the company was unable to continue.
274:, who developed some of the earliest monoclonal antibodies against tumour antigens and influenza viral antigens, the objective of Centocor was to commercialise monoclonal antibodies for diagnostics and therapeutics. In 1980 Schoemaker joined Centocor and soon after became its first chief executive officer.
297:
After selling
Centocor to Johnson and Johnson in 1999, Schoemaker went on to form Neuronyx, Inc., a biotech company focused on developing cellular therapies. After Schoemaker died in 2006 the company was continued by his wife Anne Faulkner Schoemaker. Initial work focused on using stem cells taken
277:
From the start
Centocor decided to fill its product pipeline through partnerships with research institutions and marketing alliances. Central to this policy was Schoemaker's ability to network and the company's decision to design diagnostic kits so that were compatible with existing diagnostic
281:
Despite the company's success on the diagnostic front, Schoemaker was plunged in 1992 into efforts to save the company from bankruptcy when its first therapeutic, Centoxin, a drug designed to treat septic shock, failed to win FDA approval. In part the crisis had come about as a result of the
263:. At Corning Schoemaker rapidly progressed from being a specialist in immunoassay development for diagnostics to heading research and development. Among his achievements at the company was devising effective diagnostic kit tests for thyroid disorders.
683:
252:, Schoemaker chose to work as a research scientist in industry. His choice was influenced by the severe disabilities suffered by his first daughter, Maureen, who was born with
557:
270:
together with a former
Corning Medical colleague Ted Allen and the bioentrepreneur Michael Wall with whom he had some dealings while at Corning. Inspired by the work of
507:
457:
Marks, L.V. (2009) "Collaboration - a competitor's tool: The story of
Centocor, an entrepreneurial biotechnology company", Business History, 51(4): 529-46.
236:. Supervised by Paul Schimmel, his doctoral research was an investigation of the structure function relationships of transfer RNAs and their complexes.
693:
678:
653:
612:
410:
197:, which was founded in 1979 for the commercialising of monoclonal antibodies. In 1999 he founded Neuronyx, Inc., for the manufacture of
174:
688:
233:
101:
532:
668:
673:
658:
648:
698:
621:
476:
419:
367:
586:
468:
338:
433:
222:
256:
and needed specialised care. This inspired
Schoemaker to become involved in commercial biotechnology.
663:
602:
391:
597:
386:
226:
97:
229:, where he majored in chemistry, graduating in May 1972. Soon after he married Ann Postorino.
643:
638:
291:
245:
193:. He was a co-founder and the president of one of America's first biotechnology companies,
496:
Marks, L. (2012) "The birth pangs of monoclonal antibody therapeutics", mAbs, 4 (3), 1-10.
8:
260:
202:
64:
287:
271:
307:
190:
632:
558:"Venture-Backed Garnet BioTherapeutics, Inc. Files for Chapter 11 Bankruptcy"
253:
156:
170:
148:
68:
249:
218:
87:
46:
198:
144:
590:
259:
In 1976 Schoemaker joined
Corning Medical, a Boston-based division of
283:
267:
214:
194:
166:
152:
111:
42:
614:
The Life of Hubert J. P. Schoemaker (1950–2006) An Oral
History
412:
The Life of Hubert J. P. Schoemaker (1950–2006) An Oral
History
684:
Massachusetts Institute of Technology School of Science alumni
611:
Marks, Lara; Everson, Ted; Dionisio, Jen, eds. (9 July 1997).
409:
Marks, Lara; Everson, Ted; Dionisio, Jen, eds. (9 July 1997).
306:
Schoemaker was diagnosed in 1994 with a form of brain cancer,
232:
He then earned a doctorate in biochemistry in 1975 from the
129:
Maureen, Katherine, Anne, and Hubert Matthew Schoemaker)
225:. In 1969 he moved to the United States to attend the
266:
In 1979 Schoemaker became involved in the founding of
244:
After declining postdoctoral research positions with
610:
408:
221:. He attended St. Bernardus School in Deventer, and
189:(March 23, 1950 – January 1, 2006) was a Dutch
595:
384:
368:"Hubert Schoemaker, a Biotech Pioneer, Dies at 55"
533:"Company Overview of Garnet Biotherapeutics, Inc"
630:
333:
331:
329:
327:
325:
323:
121:Ann Postorino (1) Anne Faulkner Schoemaker (2)
508:"Reducing tissue damage after a heart attack"
286:, a drug to treat auto-immune disorders like
460:
320:
208:
310:. He died on January 1, 2006, at age 55.
525:
361:
359:
694:Deaths from brain cancer in Pennsylvania
466:
404:
402:
365:
631:
356:
505:
234:Massachusetts Institute of Technology
102:Massachusetts Institute of Technology
679:Dutch emigrants to the United States
654:20th-century American businesspeople
499:
399:
366:Pollack, Andrew (January 13, 2006).
13:
550:
14:
710:
580:
506:MORAN, SARAH E. (March 2, 2007).
378:
689:University of Notre Dame alumni
490:
451:
426:
1:
313:
622:Chemical Heritage Foundation
477:Chemical Heritage Foundation
434:"Professor Hilary Koprowski"
420:Chemical Heritage Foundation
187:Hubert Jacob Paul Schoemaker
7:
467:Dionisio, Jennifer (2008).
10:
715:
473:Chemical Heritage Magazine
223:Canisius College, Nijmegen
603:Science History Institute
596:Center for Oral History.
392:Science History Institute
385:Center for Oral History.
239:
180:
162:
140:
133:
125:
117:
107:
93:
83:
75:
53:
28:
21:
598:"Hubert J.P. Schoemaker"
387:"Hubert J.P. Schoemaker"
301:
227:University of Notre Dame
209:Early life and education
98:University of Notre Dame
591:WhatisBiotechnology.org
339:"Dr. Hubert Schoemaker"
213:Schoemaker was born in
201:and the development of
669:American immunologists
438:What is Biotechnology?
343:What is Biotechnology?
16:Dutch biotechnologist
674:People from Deventer
659:Dutch businesspeople
649:American biochemists
620:. Philadelphia, PA:
418:. Philadelphia, PA:
292:rheumatoid arthritis
699:Dutch immunologists
564:. December 30, 2010
261:Corning Glass Works
203:stem-cell therapies
469:"A Will and a Way"
372:The New York Times
587:Hubert Schoemaker
184:
183:
135:Scientific career
23:Hubert Schoemaker
706:
664:Biotechnologists
625:
619:
607:
574:
573:
571:
569:
554:
548:
547:
545:
543:
529:
523:
522:
520:
518:
512:Daily Local News
503:
497:
494:
488:
487:
485:
483:
464:
458:
455:
449:
448:
446:
444:
430:
424:
423:
417:
406:
397:
396:
382:
376:
375:
363:
354:
353:
351:
349:
335:
272:Hilary Koprowski
60:
38:
36:
19:
18:
714:
713:
709:
708:
707:
705:
704:
703:
629:
628:
617:
583:
578:
577:
567:
565:
556:
555:
551:
541:
539:
531:
530:
526:
516:
514:
504:
500:
495:
491:
481:
479:
465:
461:
456:
452:
442:
440:
432:
431:
427:
415:
407:
400:
383:
379:
364:
357:
347:
345:
337:
336:
321:
316:
308:medulloblastoma
304:
288:Crohn's disease
242:
211:
191:biotechnologist
173:
169:
100:
94:Alma mater
71:
62:
58:
57:January 1, 2006
49:
40:
34:
32:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
712:
702:
701:
696:
691:
686:
681:
676:
671:
666:
661:
656:
651:
646:
641:
627:
626:
608:
593:
582:
581:External links
579:
576:
575:
549:
524:
498:
489:
459:
450:
425:
398:
377:
355:
318:
317:
315:
312:
303:
300:
241:
238:
210:
207:
182:
181:
178:
177:
164:
160:
159:
142:
138:
137:
131:
130:
127:
123:
122:
119:
115:
114:
109:
108:Known for
105:
104:
95:
91:
90:
85:
81:
80:
77:
73:
72:
63:
61:(aged 55)
55:
51:
50:
41:
39:March 23, 1950
30:
26:
25:
22:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
711:
700:
697:
695:
692:
690:
687:
685:
682:
680:
677:
675:
672:
670:
667:
665:
662:
660:
657:
655:
652:
650:
647:
645:
642:
640:
637:
636:
634:
623:
616:
615:
609:
605:
604:
599:
594:
592:
588:
585:
584:
563:
562:Seeking Alpha
559:
553:
538:
534:
528:
513:
509:
502:
493:
478:
474:
470:
463:
454:
439:
435:
429:
421:
414:
413:
405:
403:
394:
393:
388:
381:
373:
369:
362:
360:
344:
340:
334:
332:
330:
328:
326:
324:
319:
311:
309:
299:
295:
293:
289:
285:
279:
275:
273:
269:
264:
262:
257:
255:
254:lissencephaly
251:
247:
246:Stanley Cohen
237:
235:
230:
228:
224:
220:
216:
206:
204:
200:
196:
192:
188:
179:
176:
172:
168:
165:
161:
158:
157:biotechnology
154:
150:
146:
143:
139:
136:
132:
128:
124:
120:
116:
113:
110:
106:
103:
99:
96:
92:
89:
86:
82:
78:
74:
70:
66:
56:
52:
48:
44:
31:
27:
20:
613:
601:
566:. Retrieved
561:
552:
540:. Retrieved
536:
527:
515:. Retrieved
511:
501:
492:
480:. Retrieved
472:
462:
453:
441:. Retrieved
437:
428:
411:
390:
380:
371:
346:. Retrieved
342:
305:
296:
280:
276:
265:
258:
243:
231:
212:
186:
185:
163:Institutions
149:biochemistry
134:
69:Pennsylvania
59:(2006-01-01)
644:2006 deaths
639:1950 births
482:November 8,
250:Klaus Weber
219:Netherlands
84:Citizenship
76:Nationality
47:Netherlands
633:Categories
568:9 November
542:9 November
517:9 November
443:9 November
348:9 November
314:References
199:stem cells
145:immunology
35:1950-03-23
537:Bloomberg
284:Remicade
268:Centocor
215:Deventer
195:Centocor
175:Neuronyx
167:Centocor
153:business
126:Children
112:Remicade
43:Deventer
171:Corning
240:Career
141:Fields
118:Spouse
618:(PDF)
416:(PDF)
302:Death
88:Dutch
79:Dutch
65:Paoli
570:2018
544:2018
519:2018
484:2018
445:2018
350:2018
290:and
248:and
54:Died
29:Born
589:on
635::
600:.
560:.
535:.
510:.
475:.
471:.
436:.
401:^
389:.
370:.
358:^
341:.
322:^
294:.
217:,
205:.
155:,
151:,
147:,
67:,
45:,
624:.
606:.
572:.
546:.
521:.
486:.
447:.
422:.
395:.
374:.
352:.
37:)
33:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.