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Her parents, upon hearing her return, welcome her outside their hometown. Her elder sister puts on her fine dress. Her younger brother sharpens the knife for the swine and sheep. Mulan returns to her room, changes from her tabard into her old clothes. She combs her hair by the window and, before the
2555:
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by the author Chu Renho. Xianniang's father is vanquished after siding with the enemy of the Tang dynasty, and the two sworn sisters, with knives in their mouths, surrender themselves to be executed in the place of the condemned man. This act of filial piety wins a reprieve from
857:
The
Xianbei in China also retained certain nomadic traditions, and Xianbei women were typically skilled horseback riders. Another popular Northern Wei folk poem called "Li Bo's Younger Sister" praises Yong Rong, Li Bo's younger sister, for her riding and archery skills.
854:), the highest organ of executive power under the emperor. This offering indicates Mulan was trained in the martial arts and literary arts as she was capable of serving as a civilian official charged with issuing and interpreting written government orders.
478:
beyond the northern frontier, Mulan is honored by the emperor but declines a position of high office. She retires to her hometown, where she is reunited with her family and, much to the astonishment of her comrades, reveals herself as a woman.
1532:
children's program which features all-child casts performing classic
Chinese tales, produced a two-part adaptation of Hua Mulan in 2017, based largely on the Disney film and featuring Chinese versions of well-known songs from
1650:(2019), Mulan has trained in the martial arts since childhood in preparation for a hereditary duel. When she goes to war in her father's stead, she is shocked to discover her team's captain is also her opponent in the duel.
1104:
Mulan is given leave to journey back to her homeland, and once arrangements were made for Mulan's parents to relocate, it is expected that they will all be living in the princess's old capital of Leshou (Chinese:
1058:) fears he will be conscripted into military service since he only has two daughters and an infant son. Mulan crossdresses as a man and enlists in her father's stead. She is intercepted by the forces of the Xia king
1086:, and the imperial consort, who was birth-mother to the Emperor, bestows money to Mulan to provide for her parents, as well as wedding funds for the princess, who had confessed to having promised herself to general
1124:), which was to deliver Xianniang's letter to her fiancé, Luó Chéng. This younger sister dresses as a man to make her delivery, but her disguise is discovered, and it arouses her recipient's amorous attention.
1025:
In response, Mulan explains. "The male hare has heavy front paws. The female hare tends to squint. But when they are running side-by-side close to the ground, who can tell me which is male or female?"
1001:
to battle as if flying past the mountains. The sound of the sentry gong cuts through the cold night air, and the moonlight reflects off her metal armor. A hundred battles take place, and generals die.
1540:
Mulan is portrayed in the
Rooster Teeth web series RWBY as a young male named Lie Ren. All of the members of his team are based on legendary figures who dressed as the opposite sex in their stories
2471:
474:
According to legend, Mulan took her aged father's place in the conscription for the army by disguising herself as a man. In the story, after prolonged and distinguished military service against
637:(d. 1593) dramatized the tale as "The Female Mulan" or, more fully, "The Heroine Mulan Goes to War in Her Father's Place", in two acts. Later, the character of Mulan was incorporated into the
1131:
message: the author supposedly wanted to suggest that "even a half-Chinese woman would prefer death by her own hand to serving a foreign ruler". In the novel, Mulan's mother was from the
1012:), enthroned in the splendid palace, who confers promotions in rank and prizes of hundreds of thousands. He asks Mulan what she would like. Mulan turns down the high-ranking position of
1113:, Hebei). Mulan is devastated to discover her father has long died and her mother has remarried. According to the novel, Mulan's mother was surnamed Yuan (袁) and remarried a man named
995:
in the evening, where she cannot hear the calls of her parents due to the rushing waters; only the sounds of the barbarians' cavalry in the Yan
Mountains. She advances ten thousand
1635:
by
Elizabeth Lim was published in 2018 as an installment in Disney Press' Twisted Tales series. This is an alternate ending to the Disney film in which Mulan must travel to
1036:
899:
launched a military expedition in 429 against the Rouran by advancing on the Black
Mountain and then extending northward to the Yanran Mountain. Both locations are cited in
1220:
1022:
mirror, fastens golden yellow flowers. Her comrades are shocked to see her. For twelve years of their enlistment together, they hadn't realized that she was a woman.
757:, which describes a number of women from Chinese folklore. It is still unclear whether Mulan was a historical person or just a legend, as her name does not appear in
1202:
562:
776:, the story is commonly attributed to the Northern Wei dynasty due to geographic and cultural references in the ballad. The Northern Wei dynasty was founded by the
3017:
1127:
The Mulan character's suicide has been described as "baffling", since she is not in love or engaged to anyone. Some commentators have explained this as an anti-
753:
1574:(2006), China's aerial corps is described as being composed of all female captains and their dragons due to the precedent set by the legendary woman warrior.
1054:. When the Khan agrees to wage war in alliance with the emergent Tang dynasty, which was poised to conquer all of China, Mulan's father Hua Hu (Chinese:
76:
1773:
2975:
1354:
1087:
1077:, Mulan comes to a tragic end, a "detail that cannot be found in any previous legends or stories associated Hua Mulan", and believed to have been
3543:
1301:
1499:
1120:
Rather than to suffer this fate, she dies by suicide. But before she dies, she entrusts an errand to her younger sister, Youlan (Chinese:
505:(557–589 CE). While this anthology is itself lost, significant excerpts, including the Ballad of Mulan, survive in the Song dynasty anthology
507:
930:
The
Northern Wei sought to protect the frontier by establishing a string of frontier garrison commands across what is today Inner Mongolia.
2967:
1507:
748:
2450:
869:, who frequently raided the northern Chinese frontier to loot and pillage. Northern Wei emperors considered the Rouran to be uncivilized "
3573:
3010:
731:, has become the most popular in recent years, in part because of its more poetic meaning and association with the given name "Mulan" (
832:
refers to the sovereign by both titles. The
Northern Wei also adopted the governing institutions of Imperial China, and the office of
3578:
1704:
397:
1851:
1565:
was the first
English language picture book featuring the character Mulan published in the United States in 1992 by Victory Press.
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3003:
1066:), who tries to recruit Mulan as a man. Discovering Mulan to be a fellow female warrior, she is so delighted that they become
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dynasty in the 6th century. The earliest extant text of the poem comes from an 11th- or 12th-century anthology known as the
2201:
1092:
797:
2207:
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2523:(Animation, Action, Adventure), Django Studios Inc., Springboard Communications Inc., Denzel Film Investment, 18 May 1998
1660:(2020) and published by Disney Press, is written as a prequel to the Disney live action movie released in the same year.
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1835:
3568:
3548:
1734:
820:, the traditional heartland of China. The emperors of the Northern Wei were known both by the sacred Chinese title, "
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The poem in
Chinese calligraphy (images), simplified characters, traditional characters, and an English translation
2961:
2296:
1269:
1236:
1722:– Mulan is an optional party member in the Land of Dragons. Note that this is the Disney version of the character.
1559:. Kingston's version popularized the story in the West and may have led to the Disney animated feature adaptation.
560:
The story of Mulan was taken up in a number of later works, including the 17th-century work of historical fiction
446:) of Chinese history. Scholars generally consider Mulan to be a fictional character. Hua Mulan is depicted in the
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968:. As the eldest child, she decides to take her father's place. She buys a fine horse from the eastern market,
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1738:– Mulan is an unlockable Legendary officer that can be added at the beginning of new scenarios in the game.
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1936:
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as they ruled and settled in northern China. The Tuoba Xianbei took on the Chinese dynasty name "Wei",
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She bids farewell to her parents in the morning and leaves for the Black Mountain, encamping by the
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The female individual and the empire: A historicist approach to Mulan and Kingston's woman warrior
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is mobilizing the military, and her father is named in each of the conscription notices from the
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518:
514:
2991:
Who is Hua Mulan?, by Minjie Chen, Cotsen Children's Library, Princeton University, 10 June 2024
1248:. The film was unsuccessful, in part due to the Tianyi film that was released the previous year.
658:
The heroine of the poem is given different family names in different versions of her story. The
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1846:
1432:
1313:(1998 film) – A Disney animated feature, and the basis of many derivative works by Disney. The
24:
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1046:(c. 1675) provides additional backdrops and plot-twists. Here, Mulan lives under the rule of
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dynasty and presumably of Turkic (Xianbei) origin, which would make her only half-Chinese.
498:
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3048:
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states Mulan's given name is not known and therefore implies Mulan is her surname. As the
650:
Over time, the story of Mulan rose in popularity as a folk tale among the Chinese people.
8:
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and is mostly composed of five-character phrases, with a few extending to seven or nine.
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and is brought under questioning by the king's warrior daughter Xianniang (Chinese:
626:, the lines do not necessarily have equal numbers of syllables. The poem consists of 31
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1317:, named Fa Mulan, has appeared in other media and promotions, usually as part of the
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878:
785:
201:
2636:
In Lunar and Planetary Inst., Twenty-Fourth Lunar and Planetary Science Conference
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from killing all beloved literary characters and destroying the literary universe.
1117:(魏). Even worse, the Khan has summoned her to the palace to become his concubine.
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1319:
870:
35:
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1101:). In reality, Dou Jiande was executed, but in the novel he lives on as a monk.
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The story of Hua Mulan has inspired a number of screen and stage adaptations.
1018:
in the central government, and asks only for a speedy steed to take her home.
865:
The Northern Wei was engaged in protracted military conflict with the nomadic
862:
may have reflected the gender roles and status of women in nomadic societies.
3522:
3308:
3215:
3210:
2878:
2795:
2787:
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2736:
2706:
2634:
Russell, Joel F.; Schaber, Gerald G. (March 1993). "Named Venusian craters".
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40:
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portrays Mulan in the second, third and fifth seasons of the U.S. TV series
1289:. The film also created a large spark of popularity, in terms of literature.
3418:
3413:
2986:
The poem in printed Chinese, with hyperlinks to definitions and etymologies
2010:
1807:
1764:– Mulan video game from 1998, based on the Disney iteration, playable on a
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1515:
1441:
1153:
1140:
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is set in the Northern Wei dynasty when northern China was ruled by ethnic
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92:
31:
2543:"'Once Upon a Time' scoop: 'Hangover 2' actress cast as legendary warrior"
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501:(386–535 CE) and included in an anthology of books and songs during the
2313:
1932:
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1618:
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1305:(1994 film) – Film adaptation of the Chinese opera based on the legend.
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2310:"The Legendary Warrior that Inspired Disney's Mulan Is Pretty Badass"
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1503:
1466:(2012–2013), this iteration is loosely based on the Disney portrayal.
1188:
997:
542:
is usually the Northern Wei's military campaigns against the nomadic
494:
435:
293:
913:
in Inner Mongolia. Yan Mountain, the shorthand for Yanran Mountain (
2769:
Mulan: Five Versions of a Classic Chinese Legend with Related Texts
1765:
1626:
1529:
1327:
1158:
942:
924:
314:
2958:
The original poem in Chinese and English side-by-side translation.
2633:
1927:
587:
Painting of Hua Mulan, 18th century, housed in the British Museum.
2336:
2297:'The Ballad of Mulan': A Rhyming Translation by Evan Mantyk, 2008
1694:
1610:
1511:
1245:
1192:, a one-act stage musical based on the 1998 Disney animated film
973:
809:
781:
667:
627:
546:. A later adaptation has Mulan active around the founding of the
381:
352:
2985:
1746:– Mulan is a summonable hero in the Heroes and Legends game mode
842:) the Khagan offered Mulan is a ministerial position within the
2165:
2163:
2161:
1899:
1388:) (2020 film) – Chinese live action film starring Liu Chuxian (
977:
969:
961:
951:
910:
866:
825:
801:
728:
634:
623:
603:, a compilation of books and songs by the monk Zhijiang in the
543:
2337:"China for Educators: Primary Sources: China: Ballad of Mulan"
1857:
1829:
1787:
1136:
1004:
After the ten-year campaign, the veterans return to meet the
981:
777:
360:
48:
2972:—1939 film, directed by Richard Poh , with English subtitles
2944:
2249:
Suyin Hayes, "The Controversial Origins of the Story Behind
2158:
788:). The Tuoba Xianbei rulers were themselves nomads from the
686:
version of the Xianbei word "umran" which means prosperous.
1636:
985:
2800:
Precious Records: Women in China's Long Eighteenth Century
2285:"Mulan (Original Story)" translation by Yuan Haiwang 2005
674:
people, there is some evidence that Mulan was not ethnic
402:
333:
319:
305:
263:
2893:. New York: Columbia University Press. pp. 176–97.
2853:
Mulan's Legend and Legacy in China and the United States
1450:(1999 series) – Taiwan CTV period drama serial starring
761:, a collection of biographies of women who lived during
2403:
2401:
2399:
2071:"The Heroine Mulan Goes to War in Her Father's Place":
2131:
1421:
The Legend of Mulan (1998 film) – Dutch animated film.
19:"Mulan" redirects here. For the Disney franchise, see
2952:, a bilingual Chinese/English children's picture book
2838:, available only to patrons with print disabilities.)
2757:, available only to patrons with print disabilities.)
2719:
The Woman Warrior: Memoirs of a Girlhood among Ghosts
241:
227:
213:
2396:
1864:
Pages displaying wikidata descriptions as a fallback
1797:
1771:
Mulan is a playable character in the Mobile/PC Game
1157:
Statue of Mulan being welcomed home, in the city of
903:. The Black Mountain corresponds to Shahu Mountain (
2334:
800:, and moved the capital from Pingcheng, modern-day
284:
1580:created 'Wild Orchid' in 2009, a retelling of the
1208:The Ballad of Mulan" Red Dragonfly Productions, UK
3025:
2855:. Philadelphia, PA, US: Temple University Press.
2148:
2146:
784:who united northern China in the 4th century CE (
3520:
2689:Negotiating Masculinities in Late Imperial China
1752:– Mulan is a summonable hero through the game's
1563:The Legend of Mu Lan: A Heroine of Ancient China
1331:(2004 film) – A direct-to-video animated sequel.
828:", the title of the leader of nomadic kingdoms.
798:changed their own surname from "Tuoba" to "Yuan"
2950:The Legend of Mulan: A Heroine of Ancient China
2143:
3011:
2121:
2119:
1489:
1473:
1413:
1401:
1389:
1383:
1371:
1359:
914:
904:
849:
837:
727:; 'flower'), which was introduced by
642:
453:
183:
169:
86:
65:
2962:'The Ballad of Mulan': A Rhyming Translation
2802:. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.
1935:has original text related to this article:
1406:) (2020 film) – Chinese CGI animation film.
3018:
3004:
2440:Ch. 56, "其父名弧，字乘之，拓拔魏河北人，为千夫长。续娶一妻袁氏，中原人。"
2267:
2265:
2116:
1028:
497:believed to have been composed during the
75:
2691:. Honolulu: University of Hawaiʻi Press.
1843: – Mexican revolutionary (1893–1979)
1418:) (2020 film) – Chinese live action film.
1376:) (2020 film) – Chinese live action film.
1364:) (2020 film) – Chinese live action film.
885:) or "wriggling worms". According to the
573:, and many screen and stage adaptations.
487:The first written record of Mulan is the
2761:
2713:
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2194:
2192:
2190:
2188:
2186:
2184:
2182:
2180:
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2152:
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2110:
1253:
1224:(1927 film) – a silent film released by
1152:
941:
582:
3434:Thao Thep Kasattri and Thao Sri Sunthon
2662:Universities Space Research Association
2660:. Lunar and Planetary Institute of the
2540:
2262:
2087:
2059:
2031:
1997:
1966:
1914:
1781:
1568:In the fantasy/alternate history novel
1350:(2009 film) – Chinese live action film.
772:itself does not expressly indicate the
3544:Fictional Chinese people in literature
3521:
2231:赵贵全, "北魏兴亡与尔朱荣——北魏官制简介（尚书省）"2019-01-19
1701:Mulan: The Legend of the Woman Warrior
1639:, the Underworld, to save her captain.
804:, Shanxi in the northern periphery of
335:
243:
2999:
2686:
2407:
2175:
2169:
2137:
1644:The Magnolia Sword: A Ballad of Mulan
1522:. It consists of forty-nine episodes.
1146:
946:Mural of Hua Mulan enlisting; in the
2850:
2794:
2213:
1425:
1273:(1939 film) (original English title
984:from the southern market and a long
2945:Information on the historical Mulan
2885:
1664:
1553:revisited Mulan's tale in her 1975
1339:(2020 film) – A live action remake.
1297:(1964 film) – Hong Kong opera film.
1277:), – Chinese film made during the
909:), located southeast of modern-day
13:
3574:People whose existence is disputed
2844:
1836:List of women warriors in folklore
1703:, by Faye-Lynn Wu, illustrated by
1135:of China, but her father was from
933:
14:
3595:
2932:
2790:– via Google Books preview.
2772:. Indianapolis: Hackett Pub. Co.
1735:Romance of the Three Kingdoms XIV
1478:) (2012) – China production with
1261:songbook, Hong Kong, early 1960s.
689:According to later books such as
678:but Xianbei, who had exclusively
641:, a novel written by Chu Renhuo (
622:as his source for the poem. As a
482:
3579:Women in ancient Chinese warfare
3268:Maria Ursula d'Abreu e Lencastro
2891:Chinese Film Classics, 1922-1949
2825:
2744:
2566:
1926:
1814:
1800:
2650:
2627:
2613:Chinese books for young readers
2601:
2575:
2534:
2511:
2489:
2464:
2443:
2434:
2413:
2375:
2354:
2328:
2302:
2290:
2278:
2242:
2223:
1730:– Mulan is a playable character
1201:(2013 dance production) by the
440:Northern and Southern dynasties
403:
382:
361:
334:
320:
306:
285:
264:
81:Mulan as depicted in the album
3564:Heroes in mythology and legend
2581:
2541:Hibberd, James (5 July 2012).
2202:暮雨, "燕山胡骑鸣啾啾《木兰辞》背后的鲜卑汉化与柔然战争"
2104:
2088:Tz'u Mu-lan T'i Fu Ts'ung-chün
2081:
2076:
2072:
2065:
2053:
2048:
2044:
2037:
2025:
2020:
2016:
2003:
1991:
1986:
1982:
1979:Musical Records of Old and New
1972:
1960:
1955:
1951:
1941:
1920:
1904:
1895:
1887:
1876:
1711:
1605:(2013), Hua Mulan, along with
1588:series of novels published by
1490:
1474:
1414:
1402:
1390:
1384:
1372:
1360:
1106:
1098:
915:
905:
850:
838:
742:
732:
723:
710:
698:
660:Musical Records of Old and New
643:
620:Musical Records of Old and New
601:Musical Records of Old and New
538:The historical setting of the
532:
454:
431:
242:
228:
214:
184:
170:
87:
66:
16:Legendary Chinese folk heroine
1:
3559:Fictional Northern Wei people
3026:Female wartime cross-dressers
2097:
1544:
960:Mulan sighs at her loom. The
897:Emperor Taiwu of Northern Wei
599:was first transcribed in the
551:
2964:, Translation by Evan Mantyk
2679:
2335:Columbia University (2002).
1199:The Legend of Marissa Inouye
747:Mulan's name is included in
633:An adaptation by playwright
7:
1862: – Chinese poetic form
1832: – Chinese war heroine
1793:
1037:Romance of the Sui and Tang
469:
10:
3600:
3429:Ulrika Eleonora Stålhammar
3351:Anna Henryka Pustowójtówna
3273:Catherina Margaretha Linck
2721:. New York: Random House.
1436:(1998 series) – Hong Kong
988:from the northern market.
735:), which literally means "
682:. Mulan may have been the
618:, explicitly mentions the
576:
46:
29:
18:
3554:Fictional female generals
3500:
3484:
3468:
3447:
3396:
3375:
3359:
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3317:
3286:
3250:
3229:
3203:
3187:
3171:
3150:
3129:
3098:
3062:
3031:
2687:Huang, Martin W. (2006).
2155:, pp. xx–xxi, 119–20
1854: – Archetypal figure
1625:'s time machine) to stop
1613:, is brought together by
1394:) as the leading actress.
1121:
1063:
1055:
976:from the western market,
882:
718:
434:) is a legendary Chinese
417:
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375:
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259:
252:
235:
221:
207:
200:
195:
191:
177:
163:
159:
154:
140:
132:
124:
119:
100:
74:
61:
3569:Legendary Chinese people
3549:Fictional cross-dressers
3388:Margareta Elisabeth Roos
3299:María Quinteras de Meras
2941:from Columbia University
2451:"Hua Mu Lan 木蘭從軍 (1939)"
1869:
1841:Valentina Ramírez Avitia
1786:The Hua Mulan crater on
1673:(episode 5) – in Chinese
1368:Mulan zhi Jinguo yinghao
1279:Second Sino-Japanese War
1244:production, directed by
1221:Hua Mulan Joins the Army
1213:
1170:
1052:Western Turkic Khaganate
460:Table of Peerless Heroes
442:era (4th to 6th century
165:Traditional Chinese
83:Gathering Gems of Beauty
47:Not to be confused with
3476:Loreta Janeta Velazquez
2658:"Venus Crater Database"
2236:26 October 2020 at the
2172:, pp. 120, 124–25.
1948:Romance of Sui and Tang
1822:China/Categories portal
1654:Mulan: Before the Sword
1537:and other Disney films.
1486:The Legend of Hua Mulan
1294:Lady General Hua Mu-lan
1203:Hong Kong Dance Company
1084:Emperor Taizong of Tang
1030:Romance of Sui and Tang
948:Dalongdong Baoan Temple
919:), is now known as the
703:Romance of Sui and Tang
653:
639:Romance of Sui and Tang
563:Romance of Sui and Tang
179:Simplified Chinese
120:In-universe information
3085:William Brown (sailor)
2889:(2021). "Hua Mu Lan".
2082:Cí Mùlán Tì Fù Cóngjūn
1847:Wartime cross-dressers
1433:A Tough Side of a Lady
1262:
1162:
955:
588:
25:Mulan (disambiguation)
23:. For other uses, see
3179:Marie-Thérèse Figueur
2715:Kingston, Maxine Hong
2588:heroinesinhistory.com
2499:. IMDb. 27 March 2020
2472:"Google Ngram Viewer"
2273:顾农 "两首《木兰诗》的异同" 《文汇报》
1602:Deadpool Killustrated
1257:
1242:Mingxing Film Company
1181:(1917 play) starring
1156:
945:
693:, her family name is
586:
503:Southern Chen dynasty
3409:Franziska Scanagatta
2548:Entertainment Weekly
2153:Kwa & Idema 2010
2126:Kwa & Idema 2010
2111:Kwa & Idema 2010
2043:"The Female Mulan":
1782:Tribute in astronomy
1594:Simon & Schuster
1551:Maxine Hong Kingston
1498:production starring
1270:Mulan Joins the Army
1259:Mulan Joins the Army
1237:Mulan Joins the Army
1178:Mulan Joins the Army
763:Northern Wei dynasty
754:One Hundred Beauties
499:Northern Wei dynasty
398:Baxter–Sagart (2014)
3158:Epipole of Carystus
3054:Claude des Armoises
3044:Maria van Antwerpen
2887:Rea, Christopher G.
2644:1993LPI....24.1219R
2520:The Legend of Mulan
2341:China For Educators
2316:on 11 December 2016
2299:accessed 2020-09-05
2287:accessed 2020-09-05
2259:accessed 2020-09-06
2204:Accessed 2020-09-06
1884:traditional Chinese
1697:(2017) – in Chinese
1683:(1998) – in English
1677:The Ballad of Mulan
1348:, Rise of a Warrior
1226:Tianyi Film Company
860:The Ballad of Mulan
830:The Ballad of Mulan
770:The Ballad of Mulan
713:). The family name
406:qʷʰˤraC.mˤok-k.rˤan
95:; ca 18th century).
56:Fictional character
3439:Sweet Polly Oliver
3346:Eleonore Prochaska
3330:Lisbetha Olsdotter
3294:Maria ter Meetelen
3163:Catalina de Erauso
2851:Dong, Lan (2011).
1892:simplified Chinese
1790:is named for her.
1750:Goddess of Genesis
1482:starring as Mu Lan
1440:of Mulan starring
1263:
1163:
1147:Modern adaptations
956:
873:" and called them
774:historical setting
589:
3516:
3515:
3325:Brita Olofsdotter
3242:Friederike Krüger
3237:Olga Krasilnikova
3070:Elisa Bernerström
3049:Antónia Rodrigues
2917:10.7312/rea-18812
2908:978-0-231-54767-3
2899:10.7312/rea-18812
2862:978-1-59213-972-9
2809:978-0-8047-2744-0
2779:978-1-60384-465-9
2751:The Woman Warrior
2728:978-0-307-75933-7
2698:978-1-4356-6553-8
2428:Project Gutenberg
2390:Project Gutenberg
2369:Project Gutenberg
2140:, pp. 67–68.
1882:Ballad of Mulan:
1719:Kingdom Hearts II
1556:The Woman Warrior
1426:Television series
1010:Mandate of Heaven
921:Khangai Mountains
680:compound surnames
421:
420:
413:
412:
301:Yale Romanization
202:Standard Mandarin
150:
149:
21:Mulan (franchise)
3591:
3539:Chinese warriors
3460:Natalie Tychmini
3455:Mary Anne Talbot
3258:Dorothy Lawrence
3116:Anne Chamberlyne
3111:Christian Davies
3090:Angelique Brulon
3020:
3013:
3006:
2997:
2996:
2928:
2882:
2839:
2836:Internet Archive
2832:Precious Records
2830:
2829:
2821:
2791:
2758:
2755:Internet Archive
2749:
2748:
2740:
2710:
2673:
2672:
2670:
2668:
2654:
2648:
2647:
2631:
2625:
2624:
2622:
2620:
2609:"33. I Am Mulan"
2605:
2599:
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2579:
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2515:
2509:
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2493:
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2486:
2484:
2482:
2476:books.google.com
2468:
2462:
2461:
2459:
2457:
2447:
2441:
2438:
2432:
2430:
2423:Suei Tang Yan Yi
2417:
2411:
2405:
2394:
2393:, Ch. 59 (第五十九回)
2392:
2385:Suei Tang Yan Yi
2379:
2373:
2372:, Ch. 56 (第五十六回)
2371:
2364:Suei Tang Yan Yi
2358:
2352:
2351:
2349:
2347:
2332:
2326:
2325:
2323:
2321:
2312:. Archived from
2306:
2300:
2294:
2288:
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2276:
2269:
2260:
2246:
2240:
2227:
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2074:
2069:
2063:
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2055:
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2046:
2041:
2035:
2033:
2032:Yüeh-fu-shih-chi
2027:
2022:
2018:
2007:
2001:
1999:
1993:
1988:
1984:
1976:
1970:
1968:
1962:
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1953:
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1939:
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1924:
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1824:
1819:
1818:
1817:
1810:
1805:
1804:
1803:
1774:Rise of Kingdoms
1665:Children's books
1592:, an imprint of
1586:Once Upon A Time
1526:Star of Tomorrow
1493:
1492:
1477:
1476:
1463:Once Upon a Time
1438:TVB drama series
1417:
1416:
1405:
1404:
1393:
1392:
1387:
1386:
1375:
1374:
1363:
1362:
1228:and directed by
1123:
1108:
1100:
1096:
1075:Sui Tang Romance
1065:
1057:
1045:
918:
917:
908:
907:
893:official history
891:, the dynasty's
884:
853:
852:
841:
840:
790:northern steppes
786:Conquest dynasty
734:
725:
720:
712:
700:
646:
645:
614:, whose author,
571:
556:
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231:
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193:
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101:First appearance
90:
89:
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69:
68:
59:
58:
3599:
3598:
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3590:
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3519:
3518:
3517:
3512:
3496:
3492:Cathay Williams
3480:
3464:
3443:
3404:Deborah Sampson
3392:
3383:Onorata Rodiani
3371:
3355:
3334:
3313:
3282:
3246:
3225:
3199:
3183:
3167:
3146:
3142:Nadezhda Durova
3125:
3121:Pauline Cushman
3094:
3075:Renée Bordereau
3058:
3027:
3024:
2939:Ballad of Mulan
2935:
2909:
2863:
2847:
2845:Further reading
2842:
2824:
2822:
2810:
2780:
2743:
2741:
2729:
2699:
2682:
2677:
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2616:
2615:. 13 March 2017
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2435:
2431:, Ch. 60 (第六十回)
2419:
2418:
2414:
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2397:
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2359:
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2238:Wayback Machine
2228:
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2199:
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2168:
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2132:
2124:
2117:
2109:
2105:
2100:
2095:
2094:
2070:
2066:
2042:
2038:
2008:
2004:
1998:Ku-chin Yüeh-lu
1977:
1973:
1967:Sui T'ang Yen-i
1946:
1942:
1925:
1921:
1881:
1877:
1872:
1863:
1820:
1815:
1813:
1806:
1801:
1799:
1796:
1784:
1743:Civilization VI
1714:
1667:
1615:Sherlock Holmes
1599:In the comics,
1584:as part of the
1582:Ballad of Mulan
1547:
1428:
1355:Matchless Mulan
1320:Disney Princess
1315:Mulan character
1285:and written by
1265:
1264:
1216:
1173:
1165:
1164:
1149:
1090:
1039:
1033:
958:
957:
938:
935:Ballad of Mulan
812:, south of the
780:clan of ethnic
759:Exemplary Women
745:
664:Ballad of Mulan
656:
596:Ballad of Mulan
591:
590:
579:
565:
554:
540:Ballad of Mulan
512:
490:Ballad of Mulan
485:
472:
136:Cavalry soldier
115:
108:Ballad of Mulan
96:
64:
63:
57:
52:
45:
28:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3597:
3587:
3586:
3584:Women warriors
3581:
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3571:
3566:
3561:
3556:
3551:
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3441:
3436:
3431:
3426:
3424:Sri Suriyothai
3421:
3416:
3411:
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3400:
3398:
3394:
3393:
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3385:
3379:
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3367:Maria Quitéria
3363:
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3270:
3265:
3263:Mária Lebstück
3260:
3254:
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3139:
3137:Carin du Rietz
3133:
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2934:
2933:External links
2931:
2930:
2929:
2907:
2883:
2861:
2846:
2843:
2841:
2840:
2808:
2792:
2778:
2764:Idema, Wilt L.
2762:Kwa, Shiamin;
2759:
2727:
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2683:
2681:
2678:
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2674:
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2510:
2497:"Mulan (2020)"
2488:
2463:
2442:
2433:
2412:
2410:, p. 120.
2395:
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2130:
2128:, p. xvii
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2092:
2064:
2036:
2002:
1971:
1961:Suí Táng Yǎnyì
1940:
1931: Chinese
1919:
1874:
1873:
1871:
1868:
1867:
1866:
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1852:Women warriors
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1687:I am Hua Mulan
1684:
1681:Song Nan Zhang
1674:
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1571:Throne of Jade
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1332:
1323:product line.
1306:
1298:
1290:
1281:, directed by
1252:
1251:
1250:
1249:
1240:(1928 film) –
1233:
1215:
1212:
1211:
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1148:
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1097:(Chinese:
1032:
1027:
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939:
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806:Imperial China
744:
741:
672:proto-Mongolic
655:
652:
581:
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484:
483:First mentions
481:
476:nomadic hordes
471:
468:
419:
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3534:Chinese poems
3532:
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3309:Mollie Monroe
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3219:
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3216:Phoebe Hessel
3214:
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3209:
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2834: at the
2833:
2828:
2819:
2815:
2811:
2805:
2801:
2797:
2793:
2789:
2785:
2781:
2775:
2771:
2770:
2765:
2760:
2756:
2753: at the
2752:
2747:
2738:
2734:
2730:
2724:
2720:
2716:
2712:
2708:
2704:
2700:
2694:
2690:
2685:
2684:
2663:
2659:
2653:
2645:
2641:
2637:
2630:
2614:
2610:
2604:
2589:
2585:
2578:
2569:
2563:
2562:Kingston 1989
2558:
2550:
2549:
2544:
2537:
2522:
2521:
2514:
2498:
2492:
2477:
2473:
2467:
2452:
2446:
2437:
2429:
2425:
2424:
2420:Ren-Huo Chu.
2416:
2409:
2404:
2402:
2400:
2391:
2387:
2386:
2382:Ren-Huo Chu.
2378:
2370:
2366:
2365:
2361:Ren-Huo Chu.
2357:
2342:
2338:
2331:
2315:
2311:
2305:
2298:
2293:
2286:
2281:
2274:
2268:
2266:
2258:
2257:Sept. 4, 2020
2256:
2252:
2245:
2239:
2235:
2232:
2226:
2219:
2215:
2210:
2203:
2197:
2195:
2193:
2191:
2189:
2187:
2185:
2183:
2181:
2179:
2171:
2166:
2164:
2162:
2154:
2149:
2147:
2139:
2134:
2127:
2122:
2120:
2113:, p. 12n
2112:
2107:
2103:
2090:
2084:
2068:
2062:
2056:
2040:
2034:
2028:
2014:
2012:
2006:
2000:
1994:
1980:
1975:
1969:
1963:
1949:
1944:
1938:
1934:
1929:
1923:
1917:
1911:
1907:
1901:
1893:
1885:
1879:
1875:
1861:
1860:
1856:
1853:
1850:
1848:
1845:
1842:
1839:
1837:
1834:
1831:
1828:
1827:
1823:
1812:
1809:
1798:
1791:
1789:
1776:
1775:
1770:
1767:
1763:
1762:
1758:
1755:
1751:
1748:
1745:
1744:
1740:
1737:
1736:
1732:
1729:
1728:
1724:
1721:
1720:
1716:
1715:
1706:
1702:
1699:
1696:
1692:
1688:
1685:
1682:
1678:
1675:
1672:
1671:Wuloom Family
1669:
1668:
1659:
1656:, written by
1655:
1652:
1649:
1648:Sherry Thomas
1645:
1641:
1638:
1634:
1631:
1628:
1624:
1620:
1616:
1612:
1608:
1604:
1603:
1598:
1595:
1591:
1587:
1583:
1579:
1578:Cameron Dokey
1576:
1573:
1572:
1567:
1564:
1561:
1558:
1557:
1552:
1549:
1548:
1539:
1536:
1531:
1527:
1524:
1521:
1517:
1513:
1509:
1505:
1501:
1497:
1487:
1484:
1481:
1471:
1468:
1465:
1464:
1459:
1456:
1454:as Hua Mulan.
1453:
1449:
1446:
1444:as Hua Mulan.
1443:
1439:
1435:
1434:
1430:
1429:
1420:
1411:
1408:
1399:
1398:Kung Fu Mulan
1396:
1381:
1378:
1369:
1366:
1357:
1356:
1352:
1349:
1347:
1343:
1338:
1337:
1333:
1330:
1329:
1325:
1324:
1322:
1321:
1316:
1312:
1311:
1307:
1304:
1303:
1302:Saga of Mulan
1299:
1296:
1295:
1291:
1288:
1287:Ouyang Yuqian
1284:
1280:
1276:
1272:
1271:
1267:
1266:
1260:
1256:
1247:
1243:
1239:
1238:
1234:
1231:
1227:
1223:
1222:
1218:
1217:
1209:
1206:
1204:
1200:
1197:
1195:
1191:
1190:
1186:
1184:
1180:
1179:
1175:
1174:
1168:
1160:
1155:
1144:
1142:
1138:
1134:
1133:Central Plain
1130:
1125:
1118:
1116:
1112:
1102:
1094:
1089:
1085:
1080:
1076:
1071:
1069:
1068:sworn sisters
1061:
1053:
1049:
1043:
1038:
1035:Chu Renhuo's
1031:
1026:
1023:
1019:
1017:
1016:
1011:
1007:
1006:Son of Heaven
1002:
1000:
999:
994:
989:
987:
983:
979:
975:
971:
967:
963:
953:
949:
944:
936:
931:
928:
926:
922:
912:
902:
898:
894:
890:
889:
880:
876:
872:
868:
863:
861:
855:
847:
846:
845:shangshusheng
835:
831:
827:
823:
822:Son of Heaven
819:
818:Central Plain
815:
811:
807:
803:
799:
795:
791:
787:
783:
779:
775:
771:
766:
764:
760:
756:
755:
750:
740:
738:
730:
726:
716:
708:
704:
701:), while the
696:
692:
687:
685:
681:
677:
673:
669:
665:
661:
651:
648:
640:
636:
631:
629:
625:
621:
617:
613:
611:
606:
605:Southern Chen
602:
598:
597:
585:
574:
572:
569:
564:
558:
555: 620 CE
549:
545:
541:
536:
530:
524:
520:
516:
511:
509:
504:
500:
496:
492:
491:
480:
477:
467:
465:
461:
451:
450:
445:
441:
437:
429:
425:
416:
401:
399:
395:
392:
388:
380:
378:
374:
371:
367:
359:
357:
354:
350:
347:
343:
337:
332:
330:
326:
318:
316:
312:
304:
302:
298:
295:
291:
283:
281:
277:
274:
270:
262:
258:
255:
251:
245:
240:
238:
234:
226:
224:
220:
212:
210:
206:
203:
199:
194:
190:
182:
180:
176:
168:
166:
162:
158:
153:
146:
143:
139:
135:
131:
127:
123:
118:
111:
109:
106:
105:
103:
99:
94:
84:
78:
73:
60:
54:
50:
43:
42:
37:
33:
26:
22:
3419:Hannah Snell
3414:Zoya Smirnow
3278:Anna Lühring
3220:
3106:Hazel Carter
2968:
2956:Ode to Mulan
2890:
2871:j.ctt14btd0g
2852:
2799:
2768:
2718:
2688:
2665:. Retrieved
2652:
2635:
2629:
2617:. Retrieved
2612:
2603:
2593:30 September
2591:. Retrieved
2587:
2582:Hu, Eileen.
2577:
2557:
2546:
2536:
2525:, retrieved
2519:
2513:
2503:11 September
2501:. Retrieved
2491:
2479:. Retrieved
2475:
2466:
2454:. Retrieved
2445:
2436:
2421:
2415:
2383:
2377:
2362:
2356:
2344:. Retrieved
2340:
2330:
2318:. Retrieved
2314:the original
2304:
2292:
2280:
2254:
2250:
2244:
2225:
2209:
2133:
2106:
2086:
2080:
2067:
2058:
2052:
2039:
2030:
2024:
2011:Music Bureau
2009:
2005:
1996:
1990:
1978:
1974:
1965:
1959:
1947:
1943:
1922:
1913:
1903:
1878:
1858:
1808:China portal
1785:
1772:
1759:
1749:
1741:
1733:
1725:
1717:
1700:
1686:
1676:
1670:
1653:
1643:
1632:
1607:Natty Bumppo
1600:
1581:
1569:
1562:
1554:
1534:
1525:
1516:Dai Chunrong
1500:Hou Meng Yao
1485:
1469:
1461:
1447:
1442:Mariane Chan
1431:
1410:Mulan Legend
1409:
1397:
1379:
1367:
1353:
1344:
1334:
1326:
1318:
1308:
1300:
1292:
1274:
1268:
1258:
1235:
1219:
1207:
1198:
1193:
1187:
1176:
1166:
1141:Northern Wei
1126:
1119:
1103:
1079:interpolated
1074:
1072:
1048:Heshana Khan
1034:
1029:
1024:
1020:
1015:shangshulang
1014:
1003:
996:
993:Yellow River
990:
959:
934:
929:
900:
886:
874:
864:
859:
856:
844:
834:shangshulang
833:
829:
814:Yellow River
769:
767:
758:
752:
746:
722:
714:
702:
691:Female Mulan
690:
688:
663:
659:
657:
649:
638:
632:
619:
610:Music Bureau
608:
600:
594:
592:
561:
559:
548:Tang dynasty
539:
537:
506:
489:
488:
486:
473:
459:
449:Wu Shuang Pu
447:
436:folk heroine
423:
422:
362:Hoe Bo̍k-lân
346:Southern Min
321:Faa Muk-laan
280:Romanization
260:Romanization
209:Hanyu Pinyin
145:Northern Wei
107:
93:Qing dynasty
82:
53:
39:
32:Chinese name
3508:Joanna Żubr
3195:Wanda Gertz
3080:Lucy Brewer
3039:Eliza Allen
2796:Mann, Susan
2456:27 February
2346:3 September
2320:15 December
2060:Tz'u Mu-lan
1992:Gǔjīn Yuèlù
1915:Mu-lan tz'u
1712:Video games
1623:H. G. Wells
1590:Simon Pulse
1528:(2015) – a
1494:) (2013) –
1480:Elanne Kong
1458:Jamie Chung
1230:Li Pingqian
1183:Mei Lanfang
1139:during the
1111:Xian County
1091: [
1040: [
923:of central
888:Book of Wei
824:", and by "
792:and became
743:Historicity
705:says it is
676:Han Chinese
616:Guo Maoqian
566: [
513: [
508:Yuefu Shiji
464:Jin Guliang
391:Old Chinese
383:Hwæ Muk-lan
36:family name
3523:Categories
2969:Hua Mu Lan
2925:1162603406
2818:1392318837
2564:, p.
2408:Huang 2006
2275:2019-01-18
2271:(Chinese)
2229:(Chinese)
2216:, p.
2200:(Chinese)
2170:Huang 2006
2138:Huang 2006
2098:References
2026:Yuèfǔshījí
2013:Collection
1933:Wikisource
1910:Wade–Giles
1693:, illust.
1691:Qin Wenjun
1633:Reflection
1619:Dr. Watson
1545:Literature
1520:Angel Wang
1508:Liu De Kai
1452:Anita Yuen
1448:Hua Mu Lan
1283:Bu Wancang
1275:Hua Mu Lan
1060:Dou Jiande
901:The Ballad
871:barbarians
749:Yan Xiyuan
612:Collection
265:Fa Muk-lan
229:Hua Mu-lan
223:Wade–Giles
133:Occupation
3304:Ann Mills
3221:Hua Mulan
2879:719383440
2788:669127173
2737:681617682
2707:256489034
2619:1 October
2214:Mann 1997
1756:mechanism
1658:Grace Lin
1504:Dylan Kuo
1380:Hua Mulan
1189:Mulan Jr.
1109:, modern
1088:Luó Chéng
954:, Taiwan.
816:, in the
768:Although
495:folk song
438:from the
424:Hua Mulan
286:Fa Muklan
215:Huā Mùlán
155:Hua Mulan
62:Hua Mulan
2798:(1997).
2766:(2010).
2717:(1989).
2638:: 1219.
2481:20 April
2234:Archived
2054:Cí Mùlán
1905:Mùlán cí
1794:See also
1766:Game Boy
1627:Deadpool
1530:Hunan TV
1415:花木兰之大漠营救
1328:Mulan II
1161:, China.
1159:Xinxiang
925:Mongolia
875:Ruanruan
794:sinified
737:magnolia
684:sinified
628:couplets
470:Overview
315:Jyutping
30:In this
2680:Sources
2640:Bibcode
2584:"Mulan"
2077:雌木兰替父从军
2073:雌木蘭替父從軍
1705:Joy Ang
1695:Yu Rong
1621:(using
1611:Beowulf
1512:Ray Lui
1403:木兰：横空出世
1373:木兰之巾帼英豪
1246:Hou Yao
1073:In the
1050:of the
974:stirrup
966:emperor
879:Chinese
810:Luoyang
782:Xianbei
668:Xianbei
577:Sources
529:Chinese
510:
428:Chinese
353:Hokkien
2923:
2915:
2905:
2877:
2869:
2859:
2816:
2806:
2786:
2776:
2735:
2725:
2705:
2695:
2572:40–53.
2527:4 June
1912::
1902::
1900:pinyin
1894::
1886::
1707:(2019)
1470:Mu Lan
978:bridle
970:saddle
962:Khagan
952:Taipei
911:Hohhot
881::
867:Rouran
826:Khagan
802:Datong
729:Xu Wei
635:Xu Wei
624:ballad
544:Rouran
531::
430::
141:Origin
128:Female
125:Gender
34:, the
3529:Mulan
2913:JSTOR
2867:JSTOR
2667:6 May
2251:Mulan
1870:Notes
1859:Yuefu
1830:Han E
1788:Venus
1761:Mulan
1754:gacha
1727:Smite
1689:, by
1535:Mulan
1491:花木蘭傳奇
1475:巾幗大將軍
1361:无双花木兰
1346:Mulan
1336:Mulan
1310:Mulan
1214:Films
1194:Mulan
1171:Stage
1137:Hebei
1095:]
1044:]
982:reins
808:, to
778:Tuoba
570:]
525:]
462:) by
404:*
273:Hakka
88:畫麗珠萃秀
49:Milan
2921:OCLC
2903:ISBN
2875:OCLC
2857:ISBN
2814:OCLC
2804:ISBN
2784:OCLC
2774:ISBN
2733:OCLC
2723:ISBN
2703:OCLC
2693:ISBN
2669:2011
2621:2018
2595:2016
2529:2023
2505:2020
2483:2017
2458:2021
2348:2020
2322:2016
2255:Time
2021:乐府诗集
2017:樂府詩集
1987:古今乐录
1983:古今樂錄
1956:隋唐演义
1952:隋唐演義
1937:乐府诗集
1637:Diyu
1617:and
1609:and
1518:and
1496:CCTV
1129:Qing
986:whip
980:and
972:and
670:, a
654:Name
593:The
535:).
533:乐府诗集
493:, a
2895:doi
2426:at
2388:at
2367:at
2253:",
2218:208
2049:雌木兰
2045:雌木蘭
1896:木兰辞
1888:木蘭辭
1679:by
1646:by
1642:In
1391:刘楚玄
1385:花木兰
1115:Wei
950:in
916:燕然山
906:殺虎山
851:尚書省
839:尚書郎
751:'s
739:".
724:Huā
715:Hua
707:Wei
695:Zhu
647:).
644:褚人獲
557:).
455:無雙譜
432:花木蘭
356:POJ
329:IPA
254:Gan
237:IPA
185:花木兰
171:花木蘭
91:) (
67:花木蘭
41:Hua
38:is
3525::
2919:.
2911:.
2901:.
2873:.
2865:.
2812:.
2782:.
2731:.
2701:.
2611:.
2586:.
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2474:.
2398:^
2339:.
2264:^
2177:^
2160:^
2145:^
2118:^
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2079:;
2075:;
2057:;
2051:;
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1510:,
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1107:樂壽
1099:羅成
1093:zh
1070:.
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1056:花弧
1042:zh
998:li
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883:蠕蠕
765:.
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721:;
568:zh
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523:ja
521:;
519:ko
517:;
515:zh
466:.
458:,
444:CE
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3485:W
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