334:
immigration and foreign capital, while that of the Arab was 6.5%. Per capita these figures were 4.8% and 3.6% respectively. By 1936 the Jewish sector had eclipsed the Arab one, and Jewish individuals earned 2.6 times as much as Arabs. Compared to other Arab countries the
Palestinian Arab individuals earned slightly better. In terms of human capital there was a huge difference. For instance the literacy rates in 1932 were 86% for the Jews against 22% for the Palestinian Arabs, but Arab literacy was steadily increasing. In this respect the Palestinian Arabs compared favorably to Egypt and Turkey, but unfavorably to Lebanon. On the scale of the UN Human Development Index determined for around 1939, of 36 countries, Palestinian Jews were placed 15th, Palestinian Arabs 30th, Egypt 33rd and Turkey 35th. The Jews in Palestine were mainly urban, 76.2% in 1942, while the Arabs were mainly rural, 68,3% in 1942. Overall Khalidi concludes that the Palestinian Arab society, while being overmatched by the Yishuv, was as advanced as any other Arab society in the region and considerably more as several.
264:
national home for the Jews. A flood of poor Jewish immigrants poured into the promised land and was speedily involved in serious conflicts with the Arab population. The Arabs had been consolidated against the Turks and inspired with a conception of national unity through the exertions of a young Oxford scholar, Colonel
Lawrence. His dream of an Arab kingdom with its capital at Damascus was speedily shattered by the hunger of the French and British for mandatory territory, and in the end his Arab kingdom shrank to the desert kingdom of the Hedjaz and various other small and insecure imamates, emirates and sultanates. If ever they are united, and struggle into civilization, it will not be under Western auspices.
229:
perceived
Zionism as providing a path to modernity. Though there had already been Arab protests to the Ottoman authorities in the 1880s against land sales to foreign Jews, the most serious opposition began in the 1890s after the full scope of the Zionist enterprise became known. There was a general sense of threat. This sense was heightened in the early years of the 20th century by Zionist attempts to develop an economy from which Arab people were largely excluded, such as the "
419:. During the 1930s Palestinian Arab popular discontent with Jewish immigration and increasing Arab landlessness grew. In the late 1920s and early 1930s several factions of Palestinian society, especially from the younger generation, became impatient with the internecine divisions and ineffectiveness of the Palestinian elite and engaged in grass-roots anti-British and anti-Zionist activism organized by groups such as the
591:
321:. By 1932 Iraq was independent, and Syria, Lebanon and Transjordan had national parliaments, Arab government officials up to the rank of minister, and substantial power in Arabs hands. In other Arab countries there were also indigenous state structures, except in some countries like Libya and Algeria, which, like Palestine, were subject to large-scale settlement programmes.
408:
ineffective in their national struggle, and linked to and dependent on the
British administration. Khalidi ascribes the failure of the Palestinian leaders to enroll mass support to their experience during the Ottoman period, when they were part of the ruling elite and were accustomed to command. The idea of mobilising the masses was thoroughly alien to them.
447:. The younger generation also formed the backbone of the organisation of the six-month general strike of 1936, which marked the start of the great Palestinian Revolt. According to Khalidi this was a grass-roots uprising, which was eventually adopted by the old Palestinian leadership, whose 'inept leadership helped to doom these movements as well'.
1174:, p. 48; p. 11 "while the Zionist movement, after much agonising, accepted the principle of partition and the proposals as a basis for negotiation"; p. 49 "In the end, after bitter debate, the Congress equivocally approved –by a vote of 299 to 160 – the Peel recommendations as a basis for further negotiation."
572:
The revolt had a negative effect on
Palestinian national leadership, social cohesion and military capabilities and contributed to the outcome of the 1948 War because "when the Palestinians faced their most fateful challenge in 1947–49, they were still suffering from the British repression of 1936–39,
403:
Many notables were dependent on the
British for their income. In return for their support of the notables the British required them to appease the population. According to Khalidi this worked admirably well until the mid-1930s, when the mufti was pushed into serious opposition by a popular explosion.
333:
Rashid
Khalidi made a comparison between the Yishuv, the Jewish community in Palestine, and the Palestinian Arabs on the one hand, and between the Palestinian Arabs and other Arabs on the other hand. From 1922 to 1947 the annual growth rate of the Jewish sector of the economy was 13.2%, mainly due to
228:
and established settlements there. When
Palestinian Arabs concerned themselves with Zionists, they generally assumed the movement would fail. After the Young Turk revolution in 1908, Arab Nationalism grew rapidly in the area and most Arab Nationalists regarded Zionism as a threat, although a minority
641:
defines a
Palestine refugee as a person "whose normal place of residence was Palestine during the period 1 June 1946 to 15 May 1948". About a quarter of the estimated 160,000 Arab Palestinians remaining in Israel were internal refugees. Today, Palestinian refugees and their descendants are estimated
407:
According to
Khalidi before the mid-1930s the notables from both the al-Husayni and the al-Nashashibi factions acted as though by simply continuing to negotiate with the British they could convince them to grant the Palestinians their political rights. The Arab population considered both factions as
549:
The Revolt resulted in the deaths of 5,000 Palestinians and the wounding of 10,000. In total 10 percent of the adult male population was killed, wounded, imprisoned, or exiled. The Jewish population had 400 killed; the British 200. Significantly, from 1936 to 1945, whilst establishing collaborative
313:
and British promises during World War I. The British however made acceptance of the terms of the Mandate a precondition for any change in the constitutional position of the Palestinian Arabs. For the Palestinian Arabs this was unacceptable, as they felt that this would be "self murder". During the
87:
Under the Ottomans, Palestine's Arab population mostly saw themselves as Ottoman subjects. Kimmerling and Migdal consider the revolt in 1834 of the Arabs in Palestine as the first formative event of the Palestinian people. In the 1830s, Palestine was occupied by the Egyptian vassal of the Ottomans,
581:
Throughout the Mandatory period, some Arab residents of Palestine preferred a future as part of a broader Arab nation, usually concretized either as a nation of Greater Syria (to include what are now Syria, Lebanon, Jordan, Israel, the West Bank and Gaza) or a unified Arab state including what are
293:
The Palestinian Arabs felt ignored by the terms of the Mandate. Though at the beginning of the Mandate they constituted a 90 percent majority of the population, the text only referred to them as "non-Jewish communities" that, though having civil and religious rights, were not given any national or
263:
It was clearly a source of strength to them , rather than weakness, that they were cut off altogether from their age-long ineffective conflict with the Arab. Syria, Mesopotamia, were entirely detached from Turkish rule. Palestine was made a separate state within the British sphere, earmarked as a
324:
Not having a recognized body of representatives was a severe handicap for the Palestinian Arabs compared to the Zionists. The Jewish Agency was entitled to diplomatic representation e.g. in Geneva before the League of Nations Permanent Mandates Commission, while the Palestinian Arabs had to be
314:
whole interwar period the British, appealing to the terms of the Mandate, which they had designed themselves, rejected the principle of majority rule or any other measure that would give a Palestinian Arab majority control over the government of Palestine.
534:, which "scored significant successes against the Arab rebels in the lower Galilee and in the Jezreel valley" by conducting raids on Arab villages. The British mobilised up to 20,000 Jews (policemen, field troops and night squads). The Jewish militias the
494:
proposed a partition between a small Jewish state, with a proposal to transfer its Arab population to the neighboring Arab state, and an Arab state to be attached to Jordan. The proposal was rejected by the Arabs. The 2 main Jewish leaders,
96:. The revolt was precipitated by popular resistance against heavy demands for conscripts. Peasants were well aware that conscription was nothing less than a death sentence. Starting in May 1834, the rebels took many cities, among them
561:("The Defense"), which were to prove decisive in 1948. Secondly, it became clear that the two communities could not be reconciled, and the idea of partition was born. Thirdly, the British responded to Arab opposition with the
400:, during which he exhorted the crowd to give their blood for Palestine. During the entire Mandate period, but especially during the latter half the rivalry between the mufti and al-Nashashibi dominated Palestinian politics.
392:. According to Khalidi, by appointing a younger relative, the British hoped to undermine the position of Musa Kazim. Indeed, they stayed rivals until the death of Musa Kazim in 1934. Another of the mufti's rivals,
474:
broke out. This lasted until October 1936. During the summer of that year thousands of Jewish-farmed acres and orchards were destroyed, Jews were attacked and killed and some Jewish communities, such as those in
638:
1300:
by William L. Cleaveland, 2004, p. 270 The term "Nakba" emerged after an influential Arab commentary on the self-examination of the social and political bases of Arab life in the wake of the 1948 War by
569:, even this reduced immigration quota was not reached. The White Paper policy also radicalized segments of the Jewish population, who after the war would no longer cooperate with the British.
1316:
1276:
305:
The Palestinian Arab leadership repeatedly pressed the British to grant them national and political rights like representative government, reminding the British of president Wilson's
376:
In ruling the Palestinian Arabs the British preferred to deal with elites, rather than with political formations rooted in the middle or lower classes. For instance they ignored the
108:. In response, Ibrahim Pasha sent in his army, finally defeating the last rebels on 4 August in Hebron. Nevertheless, the Arabs in Palestine remained part of a Pan-Islamist or
294:
political rights. As far as the League of Nations and the British were concerned the Palestinian Arabs were not a distinct people. In contrast the text included six articles (
354:
who came to dominate Palestinian-Arab politics in the years before 1948. The al-Husaynis, like most Arab Nationalists, denied that Jews had any national rights in Palestine.
557:
The attacks on the Jewish population by Arabs had three lasting effects: First, they led to the formation and development of Jewish underground militias, primarily the
138:
At the beginning of the 20th century, a "local and specific Palestinian patriotism" emerged. The Palestinian identity grew progressively. In 1911, a newspaper named
298:) with obligations for the mandatory power to foster and support a "national home" for the Jewish people. Moreover, a representative body of the Jewish people, the
522:, and Hebron. British forces, supported by 6,000 armed Jewish auxiliary police, suppressed the widespread riots with overwhelming force. The British officer
432:
350:, who was Mayor of Jerusalem from 1920 to 1934, were moderates who sought dialogue with the British and the Jews. The Nashashibis were overshadowed by the
483:, fled to safer areas. After the strike, one of the longest ever anticolonial strikes, the violence abated for about a year while the British sent the
162:
family, militated for the promotion of the Arab language and culture, for the defense of Islamic values and for an independent Syria and Palestine. In
384:
to become Grand Mufti, although he was young and had received the fewest votes from Jerusalem's Islamic leaders. Hajj Amin was a distant cousin of
1320:
711:
310:
68:). During the period of the British Mandate, the term Palestinian was also used to describe the Jewish community living in Palestine.
651:
573:
and were in effect without a unified leadership. Indeed, it might be argued that they were virtually without any leadership at all".
784:
295:
439:. Most of these initiatives were contained and defeated by notables in the pay of the Mandatory Administration, particularly the
119:
and in the narrative works of Arabs in Palestine in the late Ottoman period – as evidenced in the autobiographies and diaries of
1518:
543:
515:
1398:
726:
1305:. The term became quite popular and widespread that it made the term "disaster" synonymous with the Arab defeat in that war.
1486:
1472:
1458:
1435:
1370:
1356:
696:
691:
420:
1513:
721:
357:
The British granted the Palestinian Arabs a religious leadership, but they always kept it dependent. The office of
189:, who have been living in our province since before the war; they are as we are, and their loyalties are our own."
365:. Furthermore, a Supreme Muslim Council (SMC) was established and given various duties like the administration of
396:, had already been appointed mayor of Jerusalem in 1920, replacing Musa Kazim whom the British removed after the
656:
424:
1317:"General Progress Report and Supplementary Report of the United Nations Conciliation Commission for Palestine"
115:
In 1882 the population numbered approximately 320,000 people, 25,000 of whom were Jewish. Many of these were
148:
by Palestinian Christians and the first Palestinian nationalist organisations appeared at the end of the
466:
in November 1935 generated widespread outrage and huge crowds accompanied Qassam's body to his grave in
686:
196:, Palestinian Arab nationalism as a distinct movement appeared between April and July 1920, after the
1390:
716:
611:
318:
1218:
1214:
676:
551:
373:
and local muftis. In Ottoman times these duties had been fulfilled by the bureaucracy in Istanbul.
299:
1445:
389:
377:
504:
436:
93:
565:, which severely restricted Jewish land purchase and immigration. However, with the advent of
1508:
233:" movement which campaigned against the employment of cheap Arab labour. The creation of the
89:
701:
661:
634:
527:
523:
518:
spread through the country. Over the next 18 months the British lost control of Jerusalem,
459:
416:
397:
393:
381:
347:
197:
140:
361:, traditionally limited in authority and geographical scope, was refashioned into that of
8:
795:
791:
681:
562:
380:. The British also tried to create divisions among these elites. For instance they chose
278:
238:
234:
201:
154:
33:
1161:
Benny Morris, One state, two states:resolving the Israel/Palestine conflict, 2009, p. 66
1302:
907:
706:
671:
607:
259:(1920), notes the following about this geographic region and the turmoil of the times:
251:
82:
37:
17:
1217:
were set up and equipped with trucks and armored cars by the British working with the
1482:
1468:
1454:
1440:
1431:
1412:
1404:
1394:
1380:
1366:
1352:
124:
500:
444:
205:
1363:
What Did We Do to Deserve This? Palestinian Life under Occupation in the West Bank
1171:
1149:
619:
511:
507:
to approve equivocally the Peel recommendations as a basis for more negotiation.
491:
484:
385:
306:
120:
57:
45:
21:
554:, the British confiscated 13,200 firearms from Arabs and 521 weapons from Jews.
423:. There was also support for the growth in influence of the radical nationalist
1423:
1376:
630:
496:
471:
1150:
Ends of British Imperialism: The Scramble for Empire, Suez, and Decolonization
639:
United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East
1502:
666:
209:
1416:
404:
After that the mufti became the deadly foe of the British and the Zionists.
268:
1386:
1285:
1281:
1201:
853:
837:
818:
754:
566:
480:
230:
193:
178:
41:
412:
274:
186:
185:
immigration, it extended a welcome to those Jews "among us who have been
149:
1382:
Palestinian Identity: The Construction of Modern National Consciousness
590:
535:
531:
411:
There had already been rioting and attacks on and massacres of Jews in
351:
343:
159:
56:), but before that they were usually referred to as Palestinian Arabs (
1493:
Palestinian Arab National Movement: From Riots to Rebellion: 1929–1939
1067:
902:
869:
637:
outside Israel after the 1948 War was placed at 711,000 in 1951. The
256:
116:
97:
1089:
Righteous Victims: A History of the Zionist–Arab Conflict 1881–2001
163:
109:
1428:
The Iron Cage: The Story of the Palestinian Struggle for Statehood
1277:
Army of Shadows, Palestinian Collaboration with Zionism, 1917–1948
526:(who supported a Zionist revival for religious reasons) organized
431:), which called for a boycott of the British in the manner of the
1479:
The Emergence of the Palestinian-Arab National Movement 1918–1929
891:
The Emergence of the Palestinian-Arab National Movement 1918–1929
785:"Ishaq al-Shami and the Predicament of the Arab Jew in Palestine"
603:
558:
221:
182:
171:
1408:
745:
Kimmerling & Migdal, 2003, 'The Palestinian people', p. 6-11
224:
began taking root among Jewish communities in Europe, many Jews
177:
When the First Palestinian Congress of February 1919 issued its
1314:
519:
476:
456:
225:
105:
101:
1450:
615:
539:
467:
463:
145:
1126:
1124:
530:
composed of British soldiers and Jewish volunteers such as
370:
366:
614:. It is referred to by most Palestinians and Arabs as the
269:
Arab Revolt and conquest of Palestine by the British army
1121:
833:
831:
1446:
Politicide: Ariel Sharon's War Against the Palestinians
1198:
The Continuum Political Encyclopedia of the Middle East
1187:
Thursday, August 12, 1937; pg. 10; Issue 47761; col B.
1172:
The Birth of the Palestinian Refugee Problem Revisited
1018:
1016:
889:, New York 1988, chapter 3, See also Yehoshua Porath,
626:), meaning "disaster", "catastrophe", or "cataclysm".
585:
470:. A few months later, in April 1936, an Arab national
342:
The Palestinian Arabs were led by two main camps. The
288:
1349:
Holy Land, Whose Land?: Modern Dilemma, Ancient Roots
1183:'Zionists Ready To Negotiate British Plan As Basis',
828:
450:
1013:
71:
1500:
1463:Kimmerling, Baruch & Migdal, Joel S., 2003,
1288:, University of California Press, 2008, p. 264
1257:Khalidi, 1987, p. 845 (cited in Khalidi, 2001).
1315:United Nations General Assembly (1951-08-23).
283:
764:
582:now Jordan, Israel, Gaza and the West Bank.
40:. Since 1964, they have been referred to as
1495:, vol. 2, London: Frank Cass and Co., Ltd.
127:– "native" Jews were often referred to as
652:Demographic history of Palestine (region)
337:
131:(sons of the country), 'compatriots', or
782:
778:
776:
712:1947–48 Civil War in Mandatory Palestine
589:
462:at the hands of the British police near
1375:
1196:Eran, Oded. "Arab-Israel Peacemaking."
244:
1501:
1204:. New York: Continuum, 2002, page 122.
887:The Origins of Palestinian Nationalism
642:to number over 4 million people.
542:used violence also against civilians,
76:
1100:Khalidi (2006), pp. 63, 64, 72–73, 85
773:
727:1948 Palestinian expulsion and flight
633:(UN) final estimate of the number of
317:There was also a contrast with other
36:with family origins in the region of
1481:. London: Frank Cass and Co., Ltd.
1298:A History of the Modern Middle East
623:
586:1948 Palestinian Exodus (1948–1949)
576:
289:Palestinian Arabs' political rights
61:
49:
25:
13:
1308:
437:fight the British and the Zionists
174:family, defended the same values.
14:
1530:
1465:The Palestinian People: A History
860:, pp.49–50 in the French edition.
761:, pp.40–42 in the French edition.
697:History of the State of Palestine
692:Palestine Liberation Organization
451:The Great Arab Revolt (1936–1939)
435:. Some even took to the hills to
311:Covenant of the League of Nations
1347:Drummond, Dorothy Weitz (2004).
544:attacking marketplaces and buses
152:Two political factions emerged.
1291:
1269:
1260:
1251:
1242:
1233:
1224:
1207:
1190:
1177:
1164:
1155:
1142:
1133:
1112:
1103:
1094:
1081:
1061:
1052:
1043:
1034:
1025:
1004:
995:
986:
977:
968:
959:
950:
941:
932:
923:
914:
896:
550:security arrangements with the
879:
863:
847:
812:
748:
739:
657:Timeline of the name Palestine
421:Young Men's Muslim Association
328:
241:greatly increased Arab fears.
72:Ottoman occupation (1834–1917)
1:
1519:History of Palestine (region)
1341:
844:, p.49 in the French edition.
825:, p.48 in the French edition.
732:
722:Israeli–Palestinian conflict
682:British Mandate of Palestine
594:Palestinian refugees in 1948
325:represented by the British.
235:British Mandate of Palestine
208:to establish the Kingdom of
7:
1130:Khalidi (2006), pp. 87, 90.
1058:Khalidi (2006), pp. 63, 69.
983:Khalidi (2006), pp. 14, 24.
929:Khalidi (2006), pp. 33, 34.
645:
284:British Mandate (1920–1947)
10:
1535:
1213:Gilbert, 1998, p. 85. The
1040:Khalidi (2006), pp. 46-57.
1010:Khalidi (2006), pp. 29-30.
965:Khalidi (2006), pp. 13–14.
956:Khalidi (2006), pp. 43,44.
947:Khalidi (2006), pp. 38-40.
938:Khalidi (2006), pp. 32,36.
920:Khalidi (2006), pp. 32-33.
687:Origin of the Palestinians
272:
215:
80:
1491:Porath, Yehoshua (1977).
1477:Porath, Yehoshua (1974).
1391:Columbia University Press
1230:van Creveld, 2004, p. 45.
770:Kimmerling, 2003, p. 214.
135:("Jews, sons of Arabs").
1266:R. Khalidi, 2001, p. 29.
1215:Jewish Settlement Police
677:Mohammad Amin al-Husayni
394:Raghib Bey al-Nashashibi
363:Grand Mufti of Palestine
300:Jewish Agency for Israel
1514:History by ethnic group
1072:One Palestine, Complete
1031:Khalidi (2006), pp. 52.
874:One Palestine, Complete
600:1948 Palestinian exodus
398:Nabi Musa riots of 1920
390:Palestine Arab Congress
378:Palestine Arab Congress
369:and the appointment of
30:ash-sha'ab il-filastini
1118:Khalidi (2006), p. 81.
1109:Khalidi (2006), p. 78.
1049:Khalidi (2006), p. 59.
1022:Khalidi (2006), p. 63.
1001:Khalidi (2006), p. 17.
992:Khalidi (2006), p. 16.
974:Khalidi (2006), p. 27.
595:
338:Palestinian leadership
266:
226:emigrated to Palestine
66:al-'arabi il-filastini
1365:, Garnet Publishing.
1361:Howell, Mark (2007).
1148:William Roger Louis,
1139:Gilbert, 1998, p. 80.
717:1948 Arab–Israeli war
612:1948 Arab–Israeli War
610:during and after the
593:
433:Indian Congress Party
386:Musa Kazim al-Husainy
296:2, 4, 6, 7, 11 and 22
261:
1430:, Houghton Mifflin.
702:History of Palestine
662:List of Palestinians
635:Palestinian refugees
528:Special Night Squads
524:Charles Orde Wingate
460:Izz ad-Din al-Qassam
388:, the leader of the
382:Hajj Amin al-Husayni
367:religious endowments
348:Raghib al-Nashashibi
245:Contemporary writing
181:manifesto rejecting
1351:. Fairhurst Press.
1248:(see Khalidi, 2001)
1239:Black, 1992, p. 14.
792:Jerusalem Quarterly
563:White Paper of 1939
510:In the wake of the
279:Mandatory Palestine
239:Balfour Declaration
204:and the failure of
202:San Remo conference
170:, dominated by the
158:, dominated by the
155:al-Muntada al-Adabi
144:was established in
112:national movement.
77:Nationalist feeling
34:ethnonational group
1441:Kimmerling, Baruch
1303:Constantine Zureiq
908:Outline of History
707:1948 Palestine war
672:Palestinian people
596:
514:recommendation an
503:had convinced the
425:Independence Party
359:Mufti of Jerusalem
302:, was recognised.
252:Outline of History
83:Palestinian people
18:Palestinian people
1400:978-0-231-10514-9
1087:B. Morris, 1999,
885:Mohammed Muslih,
858:Righteous Victims
842:Righteous Victims
823:Righteous Victims
759:Righteous Victims
608:Palestinian Arabs
455:The death of the
125:Wasif Jawhariyyeh
1526:
1420:
1335:
1334:
1332:
1331:
1325:
1319:. Archived from
1312:
1306:
1295:
1289:
1284:, Translated by
1273:
1267:
1264:
1258:
1255:
1249:
1246:
1240:
1237:
1231:
1228:
1222:
1211:
1205:
1194:
1188:
1181:
1175:
1168:
1162:
1159:
1153:
1146:
1140:
1137:
1131:
1128:
1119:
1116:
1110:
1107:
1101:
1098:
1092:
1085:
1079:
1065:
1059:
1056:
1050:
1047:
1041:
1038:
1032:
1029:
1023:
1020:
1011:
1008:
1002:
999:
993:
990:
984:
981:
975:
972:
966:
963:
957:
954:
948:
945:
939:
936:
930:
927:
921:
918:
912:
900:
894:
883:
877:
867:
861:
851:
845:
835:
826:
816:
810:
809:
807:
806:
800:
794:. Archived from
789:
780:
771:
768:
762:
752:
746:
743:
625:
577:Arab nationalism
505:Zionist Congress
487:to investigate.
445:Jamal al-Husayni
429:Hizb al-Istiqlal
371:religious judges
319:Class A Mandates
237:in 1918 and the
168:al-Nadi al-Arabi
133:Yahud awlad Arab
63:
62:العربي الفلسطيني
54:al-filastiniyyin
51:
27:
1534:
1533:
1529:
1528:
1527:
1525:
1524:
1523:
1499:
1498:
1424:Khalidi, Rashid
1401:
1377:Khalidi, Rashid
1344:
1339:
1338:
1329:
1327:
1323:
1313:
1309:
1296:
1292:
1274:
1270:
1265:
1261:
1256:
1252:
1247:
1243:
1238:
1234:
1229:
1225:
1212:
1208:
1195:
1191:
1182:
1178:
1169:
1165:
1160:
1156:
1147:
1143:
1138:
1134:
1129:
1122:
1117:
1113:
1108:
1104:
1099:
1095:
1086:
1082:
1066:
1062:
1057:
1053:
1048:
1044:
1039:
1035:
1030:
1026:
1021:
1014:
1009:
1005:
1000:
996:
991:
987:
982:
978:
973:
969:
964:
960:
955:
951:
946:
942:
937:
933:
928:
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307:Fourteen Points
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273:Main articles:
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198:Nebi Musa riots
121:Khalil Sakakini
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26:الشعب الفلسطيني
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1387:New York, NY
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1328:. Retrieved
1321:the original
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1286:Haim Watzman
1282:Hillel Cohen
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803:. Retrieved
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194:Benny Morris
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179:anti-Zionist
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92:and his son
90:Muhammad Ali
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42:Palestinians
29:
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352:al-Husaynis
344:Nashashibis
329:Development
275:Arab Revolt
150:World War I
50:الفلسطينيين
1503:Categories
1342:References
1330:2007-05-03
805:2007-08-23
606:flight of
536:Stern Gang
532:Yigal Alon
501:Ben-Gurion
187:Arabicized
160:Nashashibi
81:See also:
1185:The Times
1076:Nebi Musa
1068:Tom Segev
903:H.G.Wells
876:, p.139n.
870:Tom Segev
733:Footnotes
346:, led by
257:H.G.Wells
117:Arab Jews
98:Jerusalem
38:Palestine
32:) are an
1443:(2003).
1426:(2006).
1417:35637858
1409:96045757
1379:(1997).
1091:, p. 112
905:, 1920,
646:See also
164:Damascus
141:Falastin
110:Pan-Arab
604:refugee
559:Haganah
222:Zionism
216:Zionism
183:Zionist
172:Husayni
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1355:
1200:. Ed.
624:النكبة
620:Arabic
520:Nablus
477:Beisan
457:Shaykh
309:, the
206:Faisal
200:, the
106:Nablus
102:Hebron
58:Arabic
46:Arabic
22:Arabic
1451:Verso
799:(PDF)
788:(PDF)
616:Nakba
540:Irgun
468:Haifa
464:Jenin
441:mufti
255:, by
220:When
146:Jaffa
1483:ISBN
1469:ISBN
1455:ISBN
1432:ISBN
1413:OCLC
1405:LCCN
1395:ISBN
1367:ISBN
1353:ISBN
629:The
598:The
538:and
499:and
481:Acre
479:and
417:1929
415:and
413:1921
277:and
249:The
123:and
104:and
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