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316:"Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität") was established, now a major European centre for excellence in education and research with large faculties in the arts, humanities, theology, sciences, business and law. Currently there are about 40,000 undergraduate and postgraduate students enrolled. In 1802 Münster was conquered by
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Infantry
Divisions (Infanterie-division). Due to the prominent presence of the military, Münster was a guaranteed Allied target. About 91% of the Old City and 63% of the entire city was destroyed by Allied air raids. In the 1950s the Old City was rebuilt to match its pre-war state, though many of the
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and founded a "New
Jerusalem." They claimed all property, burned all books except the Bible, and expelled or executed dissenters. John of Leiden believed he would lead the elect from Münster to capture the entire world and purify it of evil with the sword in preparation of Jesus's
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is believed to have been founded as the monastery school in 797). The combination of ford and crossroad, marketplace, episcopal administration center, library and school, established Münster as an important center
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took control of all of Münster's churches, with the exception of the Bishop's cathedral. By late 1533, these radicals had effective control of the entire town. By this time, they had also been converted to the
573:, one of the most prominent critics of the Nazi government. In retaliation for his success, Münster was heavily garrisoned during WWII and five large complexes of barracks are still a feature of the city.
596:. In 2004, Münster won an honorable distinction: the LivCom-Award for the most livable city in the world with a population between 200,000 and 750,000. For more information about the honour, see the
207:. By the beginning of the Sixteenth Century Münster had a population of over 15,000 and had achieved a considerable degree of self-government under its territorial leader, the Bishop of Münster.
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Münster was maintained as the headquarters (Hauptsitz) for the 6th
Military District (Wehrkreis) of the German Wehrmacht, under the command of Infantry General (General der Infanterie)
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and his
Imperial allies on July 24, 1535. The remaining Anabaptists were slaughtered, their corpses were exhibited in cages, which can still be seen hanging on the Tower of
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and was one of the foundations upon which modern Europe was built. It also guaranteed the future of the prince-bishop and the diocese; the area was to be exclusively
171:, which produced many of the clerics who served in Charlemagne's chancelry. He built his church and cloister on the right bank of the Aa, on the height called the
673:
Cunningham, Andrew & Ole P. Grell (2000), The Four
Horsemen of the Apocalypse: Religion, War, Famine and Death in Reformation Europe. Cambridge Univ. Press.
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Cunningham, Andrew & Ole P. Grell (2000), The Four
Horsemen of the Apocalypse: Religion, War, Famine and Death in Reformation Europe. Cambridge Univ. Press.
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surrounding buildings were replaced with cheaper modern structures. The Bishop of Münster in the 1940s was
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However, after a lengthy siege, with associated high mortality due to famine and disease, the town fell to Bishop
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with whom he had been battling, offering as headquarters his recently demolished
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132:. Münster is a major university town and was the location of several significant historical events.
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and the road to Frisia. Liudger was a product of
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From 1974 onward, the city was the residence of the
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priest Bernt Rothmann and the cloth merchant and magistrate
722:. Vol. 19 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.
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View from the south-west of Münster in 1570 as seen by
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Münster: the Prinzipalmarkt with St Lambert's church.
248:(or Matthijs) and Jan Beukels (often referred to as
49:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
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462:(Armeekorps), as well as the XXXIII and LVI
336:(WDR) was set up in Münster's harbour area.
179:travelled to Rome to be ordained the first
700:- History of Muenster's air raid shelters
729:- audio discussion from "In Our Time" BBC
109:Learn how and when to remove this message
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454:. Münster was the home station for the
324:. It became the capital of the Prussian
687:Timeline of Münster § Bibliography
163:"), at the crossroads of the road from
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16:History of the city in Germany (793-)
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203:Münster was a leading member of the
47:adding citations to reliable sources
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466:. Münster was also the home of the
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244:In 1534 these Anabaptists, led by
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58:"History of Münster"
43:improve this article
646:Timeline of Münster
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280:The signing of the
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376:Westphalia
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416:Coesfeld
378:and the
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161:Aa river
136:Founding
590:Moondog
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424:Herford
396:Belgium
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366:During
318:Prussia
199:In the
177:Liudger
165:Cologne
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146:Frisian
140:In 793
130:Germany
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