277:
364:
430:
922:
2005:
1898:
253:). Old slang was common in Helsinki up to the mid-20th century, and is thicker and harder to understand for an outsider of the group, even to one who would be capable in modern slang, because it incorporates a far greater number of Swedish, German and Russian loan-words than the modern variation. Old slang is mostly spoken by older Helsinkians, many of whom consider it the only true slang.
409:
from around the country to the largely
Swedish-speaking city. In the 1870 census 57% of Helsinkians spoke Swedish as their home language, 26% Finnish, 12% Russian and 2% German, while also increasing numbers of residents were capable in both Swedish and Finnish. Helsinki slang is believed to have
421:
Helsinki slang is thought to have formed naturally as a sort of a common language for the mixed-language population who due to industrialization moved into the same neighbourhoods for employment, and had no single common language initially. The slang came to be for practical purposes of everyday
206:
and various other language minorities. Helsinki slang is not a typical dialect of
Finnish, because unlike many other parts of Finland, the Helsinki area was predominantly Swedish-speaking during the time when the city of Helsinki originally evolved, and thus Helsinki slang is characterised by an
1492:
Many literary works in
Helsinki slang contain long sentences with a large density of slang words, making them especially hard to decipher for the general Finnish-speaking population. Examples where the slang words are in
2037:
Several books and comics have been published written entirely in
Helsinki slang, both as translations and as newly authored texts, or something in between. This is only a partial list, slanted towards the modern times.
283:, the second longest street in Helsinki, was under construction in 2019-2020. The yellow-blue sign, humorously written in Helsinki slang, says: "Cars are gone, soon we walk and cycle. A better HĂ€meentie is on the way."
849:
The new population was, and continues to be, in greater numbers
Finnish-speaking, and the Swedish and Russian influences on the language have declined ever since. The language started to move more towards common
506:
probably came to signify a certain social status as well. Johannes
Kauhanen notes on his slang history page that the first speakers of Helsinki slang were probably not the countryside-born
207:
unusual, strikingly large number of obvious foreign loanwords. Nevertheless, Helsinki slang is counted as a dialect on its own right, among the purer dialects of other parts of
Finland.
268:
while the influence of
Swedish, German and Russian has declined. The modern slang is healthy and continues to evolve. It is spoken to varying degrees by almost all native Helsinkians.
456:. Helsinki slang was probably first born in these tightly populated neighbourhoods in their factories, multilingual homes, markets and on their streets. Some have referred to
1039:
Furthermore, arbitrary modifications are found â these make the resulting slang words alien both to the speakers of regular
Finnish and the borrowing language. For example,
823:
to the Soviet Union. About 430,000 people became refugees within their own country. Many of them settled in
Helsinki while, in the society at large, the transition from the
2650:, violating vowel harmony, has a more nonstandard appearance that suggests slang authenticity, but equally well it may be the result of hypercorrection. On the other hand,
401:
With the new capital status, the city's centre was rebuilt and a continuous growth was sustained. By 1880 the population had grown almost ten-fold to 43,000, mostly due to
422:
communication and mutual understanding as a common language of the various language groups. For example, at this time about one fifth of newly-wed couples had different
857:
The following generations also grew up in a different kind of cultural environment, where more abundant amounts of foreign culture, especially entertainment such as
2882:
398:. At this time, Helsinki was almost unilingually Swedish. In 1820, for example, the city was home to about 4,500 people, only 5% of whom were Finnish-speaking.
1470:
The old slang's vocabulary and form of speech had some variation in between different parts of the town. As noted above, the language was born north of the
2666:
in the way a naive, non-native speaker would say it. Some suggest a compromise, saying that the former should be used of the place and the latter of the
2276:
1930:
Several famous Helsinkians, especially musicians, are known for their skill in the slang, and have partially or entirely performed in it in public.
1973:
896:
Although like any local dialect, Helsinki slang constantly evolves, most adult speakers of Helsinki slang still consider the pre-1960s version the
1869:
is still spoken in the same manner as in Finnish, mixing it into the Swedish language. The earlier example "can you put that in order?" would be "
1674:
Jaloissani minulla on tonnin kengÀt. EivÀt ne tonnia paina, vaan maksavat sen. Joskus minÀ laulun niille laulan, silloin kun minÀ muille laula en.
1263:
1794:, regardless of their etymology. However, Helsinki slang is always both spoken and written as colloquial Finnish, never as properly grammatical
324:
always means just the city of Helsinki in the slang â all other cities are unconditionally referred to by the common Finnish word for 'city' (
1961:
2915:
1030:. Some rather arbitrary, but creative and distinctly Finnish expressive constructions are often used especially in the modern slang, e.g.
410:
first began to evolve among the mixed-language working-class people of the 1880s. In addition to Swedish and Finnish, influence came from
3079:
2953:
2417:
2390:
3041:
2515:
2491:
2181:
900:
slang. Many of the now-adult speakers who grew up with the 1950s-style slang consider the modern chiefly English-derived slang terms
210:
Grammatically Helsinki slang is based on colloquial Finnish. It is characterized by a large number of words originally borrowed from
2807:
2670:, while some say one is merely more recent than the other. Still, authoritative institutions such as the slang dictionary and the
2545:
834:
to Helsinki. This had an effect on the slang as well. 1940s mark the beginning of the gradual transition between the old slang (
2961:
986:
234:, etc.) with foreign alternatives. However, when spoken by a native Finnish speaker, all words are inflected by the rules of
2580:
958:
2012:
1905:
276:
2894:
1838:, 'condition, working order' are slang words. Trying to write the above sentence in properly grammatical form like in
965:
904:. Nevertheless, even if words are borrowed to the slang, they are still in the present day modified to conform to the
2772:
2523:
2499:
2479:
2445:
2425:
2398:
2358:
2338:
2313:
2284:
2250:
2189:
2158:
2140:
2120:
1005:
517:
by young Santeri Ivalo (words that do not exist in, or deviate from, the standard spoken Finnish of its time are in
2890:
3001:
2997:
2731:
2170:
1173:('to sleep'). Many speakers, though, especially in the modern variety, use several of these words with voiceless
939:
794:
972:
3034:
1201:
in the beginning of words, which appear natively only in south-western Finnish dialects, are commonplace, like
943:
2985:
2289:
1620:
3231:
954:
3124:
2974:
1454:
1450:
1446:
1393:
1385:
1381:
1174:
1130:
3074:
481:
1484:
in slang). The variation was most prominent in between the slang spoken on the two sides of the bridge.
1032:
1022:. They also include phonemes /b/, /d/ and /g/ and consonant clusters such as /sn/ rarely found in other
3062:
2923:
2471:
2086:
2066:
908:
of the slang. As noted below, the phonotactics are slightly different from typical colloquial Finnish.
3236:
3226:
3027:
1059:'drunkard', where the added 's' is arbitrary, as is the voicing change of 'k' to 'g'. Derivation of
880:
words started to find their way to the language of the urban Helsinki youth. With the popularity of
3205:
3106:
2948:
Petri Kallio: "How Uralic is Stadin Slangi?" In: Rogier Blokland and Cornelius Hasselblatt (eds.),
1795:
500:. The initiative for this grew at first from their needs of basic everyday communication, but soon
2699:
3131:
932:
226:. The loanwords replace some of even the most mundane Finnish-language words (closest kin words,
3089:
480:
From early on Helsinki slang was especially the language of the youth. It could be thought as a
866:
1026:. Yet the words remain indisputably Finnish, incorporating Finnish grammar and mostly obeying
1876:
1860:
395:
363:
3094:
1461:
ing". This is considered an effeminate feature, but appears sometimes also in males' speech.
979:
2671:
1027:
256:
The modern variety has evolved side-by-side with the growing influence of English-language
8:
2868:
2846:
2795:
372:
2632:
2016:
1909:
3169:
3084:
383:
830:
In practice the following years, especially the 1960s, meant the second major wave of
3114:
2957:
2768:
2519:
2495:
2475:
2441:
2421:
2394:
2354:
2334:
2309:
2280:
2246:
2185:
2154:
2150:
2136:
2116:
2099:
2056:
1517:
1397:
1198:
453:
402:
118:
1939:
1771:
3159:
3154:
3136:
3012:
2626:
1401:
1134:
1023:
1018:
The borrowed words may violate phonological rules of the Finnish language, such as
877:
873:
824:
816:
808:
642:
637:
632:
627:
507:
493:
411:
310:
265:
261:
257:
223:
219:
211:
199:
195:
176:
164:
141:
94:
66:
61:
56:
429:
314:
146:
3016:) has many user-generated translations, but is not only limited to Helsinki slang
2762:
2667:
2317:
2076:
1880:
1791:
1551:
Hei raitiovaunun kuljettaja, laita ovi kiinni, tÀÀllÀ on kylmÀ viima, ymmÀrrÀtkö?
1040:
647:
463:
423:
415:
391:
215:
203:
191:
48:
260:
starting from the 1950s. It is thus characterized by a greater influence of the
3241:
3174:
3119:
2638:
2404:
2205:
1945:
1817:
1637:
1346:
851:
513:
The first known written account in Helsinki slang is from the 1890 short story
449:
235:
87:
1833:
1827:
1396:, a new neutral vowel. Before the modern period, this change has happened in
1104:â only the 'l' is etymologically original. In fact, the newer abbreviation of
3220:
3200:
3067:
2451:
1951:
1474:
bridge, but it later spread to the southern neighborhoods as well, including
1304:
1078:
1019:
870:
485:
468:
406:
187:
1879:
in Helsinki slang. The same sentence would be similarly erroneous in proper
1471:
1362:
1957:
1389:
905:
812:
489:
3195:
280:
2229:
1589:
831:
3179:
2255:
2225:
2194:
1780:
1733:
Kannattaa tajuta hankkia, jotta ei tarvitse teeskennellÀ ettÀ on kivaa.
1585:
1409:
Surplus S appearing in beginning of words, forming consonant clusters:
1229:
946: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
881:
605:
2735:
3000:, the most extensive online Helsinki slang dictionary (Hakkeri.net's
1475:
1127:
901:
865:, was, and continues to be, available. The cultural influence of the
497:
349:
has stuck since long, especially as the language refers to itself as
342:
183:
172:
160:
107:
921:
241:
The language's history can generally be divided into the old slang (
3019:
2437:
2132:
2112:
1497:
and in the same order in both the original and translation follow:
885:
168:
39:
318:, 'city'. Literally, the name would mean 'slang of the city', but
820:
445:
433:
387:
338:
156:
2305:
Tsennaaks Stadii, bonjaaks slangii: Stadin slangin suursanakirja
3007:
2350:
2330:
2242:
1967:
1820:). For example, "can you fix that in a working condition?" is "
1308:
441:
405:. This brought ever-increasing numbers of new Finnish-speaking
2980:
1612:
Ajattele, Pikku Apulainen, kuinka helppoa tÀllÀ olisi siivota!
440:
The working class population was at this time concentrated in
2069:, 1961) â Saarikoski's first Finnish-language translation of
1442:
1044:
862:
334:
1380:
With some speakers this goes even further; Standard Finnish
394:, Helsinki became the capital of Finland by the decision of
333:
More importantly, Helsinki slang is not strictly speaking a
2370:
1707:
1233:
858:
601:
tapaamaan, ja jÀimme sinne pariksi tunniksi, kunnes ajoimme
182:
Helsinki slang first evolved in the late 19th century as a
1377:, 'trousers'). This does not affect native Finnish words.
2642:
has been the subject of a heated debate for a long time.
1776:
888:, this trend continues ever stronger in the present day.
2232:(name translates to "Has a jacket but is missing pants")
1863:
minority in Helsinki. Modern Helsinkian Swedish-based
807:
continued to develop up until the 1940s. In 1944 the
793:
Approximate proportions (%) of word origins by year.
287:
Helsinkians themselves never refer to their slang as
16:
Local dialect and a sociolect of the Finnish language
2986:
Journey Planner (Reissugaidi) for Helsinki in Slangi
854:while still strongly borrowing from the old slang.
510:who moved to work in Helsinki, but their children.
2808:"Kirjastot.fi: Kysymys slangin varhaishistoriasta"
2073:was controversially written in the Helsinki slang.
436:district still boasts wooden houses from the 1910s
171:. It is characterized by its abundance of foreign
238:, and the language sounds distinctively Finnish.
3218:
1119:Some distinctive aspects in Helsinki slang are:
2761:Paunonen, Heikki (1993). Bengt Nordberg (ed.).
1303:Slang and foreign word roots do not conform to
2950:Language and Identity in the Finno-Ugric World
337:in the word's modern definition, but rather a
3035:
2660:
2652:
2644:
2609:
2601:
2593:
2585:
2573:
2565:
2557:
2549:
2509:
2485:
2465:
2431:
2411:
2384:
2364:
2344:
2324:
2303:
2270:
2262:
2236:
2219:
2198:
2164:
2126:
2106:
2093:
2080:
2060:
2048:
1870:
1864:
1851:
1845:
1839:
1821:
1479:
1434:
1428:
1422:
1416:
1410:
1372:
1366:
1356:
1350:
1336:
1329:
1319:
1312:
1295:
1289:
1283:
1277:
1267:
1257:
1247:
1241:
1220:
1214:
1208:
1202:
1190:
1184:
1178:
1168:
1162:
1156:
1150:
1144:
1138:
1111:
1105:
1099:
1093:
1087:
1081:
1072:
1066:
1060:
1054:
1048:
841:
835:
599:
594:
589:
584:
579:
573:
568:
562:
557:
551:
546:
541:
536:
530:
525:
501:
457:
350:
325:
319:
304:
298:
292:
248:
242:
144:
135:
27:
2916:"Garam, Sami: Allu Stemun seittemÀn broidii"
2880:
2693:
2691:
2689:
3080:Central and Northern Ostrobothnian dialects
2725:
2723:
2721:
2719:
2717:
2715:
2041:
1801:
1123:Very swift pace of pronunciation and speech
911:
3042:
3028:
2756:
2754:
2752:
2697:
386:in the coastal Swedish-speaking region of
309:is a slang word itself, borrowed from the
2858:Counted from Karttunen's slang dictionary
2686:
2386:Luukkaan evankeliumi slangiks skrivattuna
1288:'heads and tails' (< Standard Finnish
1006:Learn how and when to remove this message
819:, and Finland had to cede large parts of
2800:
2760:
2734:(in Finnish). Slangi.net. Archived from
2729:
2712:
428:
362:
275:
2767:. Walter de Gruyter. pp. 233â245.
2749:
2730:Kauhanen, Erkki Johannes (2002-06-01).
2221:Aku Ankka â Rotsi on mut byysat puuttuu
3219:
2810:(in Finnish). kirjastot.fi. 2003-07-25
1847:voitko (sinÀ) duunata tuon kondikseen?
619:Helsinki slang vocabulary development
390:. When in 1809 Sweden lost Finland to
3023:
2674:take a neutral stance in the debate.
1487:
377:
3049:
2871:1990. Includes only 1980s new words.
1999:
1892:
1449:, pronouncing it as a sharp, dental
944:adding citations to reliable sources
915:
198:-speaking youth lived together with
2238:Snögeli ja seittemÀn snadii starbuu
1859:Helsinki slang is also used by the
475:
167:mainly used in the capital city of
13:
2942:
2698:NuolijÀrvi, P (December 9, 1998).
1886:
876:, grew, and increasing numbers of
14:
3253:
2991:
2968:
2433:Uusi testamentti stadin slangilla
472:of this multilingual population.
2891:Suomalaisen Kirjallisuuden Seura
2764:The Finnish Language in Helsinki
2003:
1896:
920:
786:
778:
760:
752:
704:
701:
613:
382:Helsinki was founded in 1550 by
2908:
2883:"Kieli ja identiteetti on-line"
2874:
2861:
2504:One who is afraid does not play
2296:
2256:Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs
1987:
1763:
1685:. They don't weigh a ton, they
931:needs additional citations for
247:) and the new or modern slang (
2954:Studia Fenno-Ugrica Groningana
2852:
2839:
2830:
2821:
2788:
2732:"Slangi.net: Slangin historia"
2619:
2539:
2302:Heikki and Marjatta Paunonen:
1872:kan du duuna dendÀ' kondiksee?
1710:'s season ticket advertisement
1149:('to break, to malfunction'),
527:Kun minÀ eilen illalla palasin
152:
1:
2679:
2636:is the correct slang form of
2290:Asterix and the Laurel Wreath
1993:
1850:" would be erroneous both in
1133:, which are rare in standard
186:of the multilingual Helsinki
2922:(in Finnish). Archived from
2881:Uusi-Hallila, Tuula (2006).
2346:Stadin snadi slangisanakirja
1933:
1823:voitsÀ duunaa ton kondiksee?
1779:(measure of weight) and, in
1465:
891:
559:ja niin me laskeusimme tÀnne
271:
7:
3075:South Ostrobothnian dialect
2377:
10:
3258:
3063:Southwest Finnish dialects
2887:SKS verkko-oppimateriaalit
2591:(< Engl. 'food') (new),
1980:
1783:, thousand units of money.
1509:Written Finnish equivalent
1053:'cranky' is modified into
370:
358:
140:('Helsinki's slang', from
3188:
3147:
3125:VĂ€rmland Savonian dialect
3105:
3055:
2867:Irma Laitinen, pro-gradu
2464:Erkki Johannes Kauhanen:
2212:
2128:Palsa kanis, litski kalis
2108:Rundi stadis vÀlil snadis
1871:
1706:Helsinki ice-hockey club
1655:. Ei ne tonnii paina, ne
1337:
1320:
1071:is even more convoluted:
1049:
827:continued ever stronger.
815:and Finland ended in the
791:
600:
590:
580:
569:
558:
547:
537:
526:
117:
105:
100:
84:
45:
35:
28:
26:
21:
3206:Siberian Ingrian Finnish
2845:Pentti Liutu, pro-gradu
2700:"Finnish Slang Research"
2533:
2487:Ei se skulaa joka skagaa
2458:
2042:Novels and short stories
1954:â rock musician (1960s-)
1881:Finland Swedish language
1861:Swedish-speaking Finnish
1790:Slang words obey normal
912:Language characteristics
3132:South Karelian dialects
2998:Slangi.net's dictionary
2203:(Johnny Kniga, 2003) â
1948:â rock musician (1979â)
1942:â musician (1930sâ1980)
1832:, 'to do, to work' and
1747:, so you don't need to
1667:, sillon kun mÀ muille
1232:forms of words. Common
492:working class youth, a
222:, but nowadays chiefly
175:not found in the other
2661:
2653:
2645:
2610:
2602:
2594:
2586:
2574:
2566:
2558:
2550:
2510:
2486:
2466:
2432:
2413:Stadilaisten katkismus
2412:
2385:
2365:
2345:
2325:
2304:
2271:
2263:
2237:
2220:
2199:
2165:
2127:
2107:
2094:
2081:
2071:The Catcher in the Rye
2061:
2049:
1865:
1852:
1846:
1840:
1822:
1769:Pun based on the word
1697:to them, when I don't
1480:
1435:
1429:
1427:'guitar' (cf. Swedish
1423:
1417:
1411:
1373:
1367:
1357:
1351:
1330:
1313:
1296:
1290:
1284:
1278:
1268:
1258:
1248:
1242:
1221:
1215:
1209:
1203:
1191:
1185:
1179:
1169:
1163:
1157:
1151:
1145:
1139:
1112:
1106:
1100:
1094:
1088:
1082:
1073:
1067:
1061:
1055:
884:and the advent of the
867:English-speaking world
842:
836:
611:
595:
585:
574:
570:jossa oli mahoton hyvÀ
563:
552:
542:
531:
502:
458:
437:
368:
351:
326:
320:
305:
299:
293:
284:
249:
243:
145:
136:
3189:Language or a dialect
2326:Nykyslangin sanakirja
2062:Sieppari ruispellossa
1970:, rap artist (1990s-)
1877:Swedish-speaking Finn
1415:'train' (cf. Swedish
1272:'a grill stand') and
1236:endings used include
840:) and modern speech (
523:
432:
396:Alexander I of Russia
366:
279:
3090:PerÀpohjola dialects
2956:4. Maastricht 2007.
2952:, pp. 176â191.
2672:Helsinki City Museum
2528:Let's laugh together
2082:MinÀ paljasjalkainen
2017:adding missing items
1976:, rap artist (1996â)
1910:adding missing items
1588:'s slang version of
1512:English translation
1116:loses even the 'l'.
1028:Finnish phonotactics
940:improve this article
825:agricultural society
482:social language code
345:. However, the term
3232:Culture in Helsinki
3004:to the same corpus)
2869:Tampereen Yliopisto
2847:Helsingin Yliopisto
2796:History of Helsinki
2323:Kaarina Karttunen:
2095:Pena kertoo stoorin
1875:" when spoken by a
1400:and other southern
1065:, 'a bicycle' from
620:
496:, formed their own
373:History of Helsinki
190:communities, where
3170:Colloquial Finnish
3095:GĂ€llivare dialects
3085:Tavastian dialects
2567:faija, fatsi, fade
2511:Griinataa kimpassa
2015:; you can help by
1908:; you can help by
1826:" in slang, where
1781:colloquial Finnish
1689:that. Sometimes a
1518:Viivi & Wagner
1488:Usage and examples
1199:Consonant clusters
852:colloquial Finnish
618:
438:
384:Gustav I of Sweden
378:Roots in the 1880s
369:
285:
3214:
3213:
3115:Savonian dialects
3008:Urbaani sanakirja
2962:978-90-423-0315-7
2836:Kaarina Karttunen
2675:
2659:
2651:
2643:
2616:
2608:
2600:
2592:
2584:
2572:
2571:(old/new); 'food'
2564:
2556:
2548:
2200:SeitsemÀn broidii
2092:Tauno Rautapalo:
2057:Pentti Saarikoski
2033:
2032:
1926:
1925:
1775:, meaning both a
1759:
1758:
1307:, although their
1016:
1015:
1008:
990:
874:youth subcultures
869:, especially the
801:
800:
797:
403:industrialization
367:Helsinki in 1890s
289:Helsinki slang(i)
258:youth subcultures
129:
128:
3249:
3237:Finnish dialects
3227:City colloquials
3160:American Finnish
3155:Siberian Finnish
3137:Ingrian dialects
3107:Eastern dialects
3056:Western dialects
3050:Finnish dialects
3044:
3037:
3030:
3021:
3020:
3013:Urban Dictionary
2981:Stadin Slangi ry
2936:
2935:
2933:
2931:
2926:on 12 April 2013
2912:
2906:
2905:
2903:
2902:
2893:. Archived from
2878:
2872:
2865:
2859:
2856:
2850:
2843:
2837:
2834:
2828:
2825:
2819:
2818:
2816:
2815:
2804:
2798:
2794:See the article
2792:
2786:
2785:
2783:
2781:
2758:
2747:
2746:
2744:
2743:
2727:
2710:
2709:
2707:
2706:
2695:
2668:SörnÀinen prison
2665:
2664:
2657:
2656:
2649:
2648:
2623:
2622:
2614:
2613:
2606:
2605:
2598:
2597:
2590:
2589:
2578:
2577:
2570:
2569:
2562:
2561:
2554:
2553:
2543:
2542:
2513:
2508:Erkki Mattsson:
2489:
2484:Erkki Mattsson:
2469:
2435:
2430:Pentti Malaste:
2415:
2388:
2368:
2348:
2328:
2307:
2274:
2272:Kessen rehukotsa
2266:
2240:
2223:
2202:
2168:
2130:
2110:
2097:
2084:
2064:
2052:
2028:
2025:
2007:
2006:
2000:
1921:
1918:
1900:
1899:
1893:
1874:
1868:
1855:
1849:
1843:
1825:
1815:
1812:
1809:
1806:
1803:
1784:
1767:
1651:on mulla tonnin
1640:'s song "Tonnin
1576:in here, do you
1500:
1499:
1483:
1456:
1452:
1448:
1438:
1432:
1426:
1420:
1414:
1402:Finnic languages
1395:
1387:
1383:
1376:
1370:
1360:
1354:
1343:
1342:
1333:
1326:
1325:
1316:
1299:
1293:
1287:
1281:
1271:
1261:
1251:
1245:
1224:
1218:
1212:
1206:
1194:
1188:
1182:
1176:
1172:
1166:
1160:
1154:
1148:
1142:
1137:, are abundant:
1132:
1115:
1109:
1103:
1097:
1091:
1085:
1076:
1070:
1064:
1058:
1052:
1024:Finnish dialects
1011:
1004:
1000:
997:
991:
989:
955:"Helsinki slang"
948:
924:
916:
878:English-language
845:
839:
817:Moscow Armistice
809:Continuation War
792:
621:
617:
603:
602:
598:
593:
592:
588:
583:
582:
581:Mutta me mentiin
577:
572:
571:
566:
561:
560:
555:
550:
549:
545:
540:
539:
534:
529:
528:
505:
494:speech community
476:Youth's language
461:
424:native languages
354:
329:
323:
308:
302:
296:
266:Finnish language
262:English language
252:
246:
177:Finnish dialects
165:Finnish language
150:
139:
125:
110:
95:Finnish alphabet
90:
51:
31:
19:
18:
3257:
3256:
3252:
3251:
3250:
3248:
3247:
3246:
3217:
3216:
3215:
3210:
3184:
3143:
3101:
3051:
3048:
2994:
2971:
2945:
2943:Further reading
2940:
2939:
2929:
2927:
2914:
2913:
2909:
2900:
2898:
2879:
2875:
2866:
2862:
2857:
2853:
2844:
2840:
2835:
2831:
2827:Heikki Paunonen
2826:
2822:
2813:
2811:
2806:
2805:
2801:
2793:
2789:
2779:
2777:
2775:
2759:
2750:
2741:
2739:
2728:
2713:
2704:
2702:
2696:
2687:
2682:
2563:(old); 'father'
2536:
2461:
2380:
2343:Juhani MÀkelÀ:
2318:Tieto-Finlandia
2299:
2215:
2176:Edvard Janzon:
2125:Edvard Janzon:
2105:Edvard Janzon:
2077:Arvo Turtiainen
2050:Ilman fritsaria
2044:
2029:
2023:
2020:
2004:
1996:
1983:
1964:artist (1990s-)
1936:
1922:
1916:
1913:
1897:
1889:
1887:Famous speakers
1813:
1810:
1807:
1804:
1792:Finnish grammar
1788:
1787:
1768:
1764:
1722:, et ei tartte
1659:sen. Joskus mÀ
1645:
1490:
1468:
1457:as in English "
1092:, which became
1089:filociped-vekon
1077:in the Swedish
1041:Finland Swedish
1012:
1001:
995:
992:
949:
947:
937:
925:
914:
894:
784:
776:
771:
758:
750:
745:
735:
730:
725:
720:
715:
699:
694:
689:
679:
674:
669:
664:
659:
616:
484:, by which the
478:
464:pidgin language
392:Imperial Russia
380:
375:
361:
291:but instead as
274:
123:
106:
91:
86:
80:
52:
49:Language family
47:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3255:
3245:
3244:
3239:
3234:
3229:
3212:
3211:
3209:
3208:
3203:
3198:
3192:
3190:
3186:
3185:
3183:
3182:
3177:
3175:Sweden Finnish
3172:
3167:
3162:
3157:
3151:
3149:
3145:
3144:
3142:
3141:
3140:
3139:
3129:
3128:
3127:
3122:
3120:Kainuu dialect
3111:
3109:
3103:
3102:
3100:
3099:
3098:
3097:
3087:
3082:
3077:
3072:
3071:
3070:
3059:
3057:
3053:
3052:
3047:
3046:
3039:
3032:
3024:
3018:
3017:
3005:
2993:
2990:
2989:
2988:
2983:
2978:
2970:
2969:External links
2967:
2966:
2965:
2944:
2941:
2938:
2937:
2907:
2889:(in Finnish).
2873:
2860:
2851:
2838:
2829:
2820:
2799:
2787:
2773:
2748:
2711:
2684:
2683:
2681:
2678:
2677:
2676:
2617:
2603:delata, kolata
2575:safka, sapuska
2544:Translations (
2535:
2532:
2531:
2530:
2506:
2482:
2460:
2457:
2456:
2455:
2428:
2410:Olli SeppÀlÀ:
2408:
2405:Gospel of Luke
2383:Olli SeppÀlÀ:
2379:
2376:
2375:
2374:
2363:Jukka Annala:
2361:
2341:
2321:
2298:
2295:
2294:
2293:
2267:
2259:
2233:
2214:
2211:
2210:
2209:
2206:Seven Brothers
2192:
2174:
2163:Arvo Pohjola:
2161:
2145:Tuomas Vimma:
2143:
2123:
2103:
2090:
2074:
2054:
2043:
2040:
2035:
2034:
2031:
2030:
2010:
2008:
1995:
1992:
1991:
1990:
1982:
1979:
1978:
1977:
1974:Thono Slowknow
1971:
1965:
1955:
1949:
1946:Tuomari Nurmio
1943:
1940:Georg Malmstén
1935:
1932:
1928:
1927:
1924:
1923:
1903:
1901:
1888:
1885:
1818:spoken Finnish
1786:
1785:
1761:
1760:
1757:
1756:
1741:grasp the need
1734:
1731:
1711:
1703:
1702:
1675:
1672:
1646:
1638:Tuomari Nurmio
1634:
1633:
1613:
1610:
1599:Snadi Jeesaaja
1592:
1582:
1581:
1552:
1549:
1521:
1514:
1513:
1510:
1507:
1504:
1489:
1486:
1467:
1464:
1463:
1462:
1440:
1407:
1406:
1405:
1301:
1252:"condition"),
1226:
1207:('Helsinki'),
1196:
1143:('to dwell'),
1124:
1014:
1013:
928:
926:
919:
913:
910:
893:
890:
871:North American
799:
798:
789:
788:
785:
782:
780:
777:
774:
772:
769:
767:
763:
762:
759:
756:
754:
751:
748:
746:
743:
741:
737:
736:
733:
731:
728:
726:
723:
721:
718:
716:
713:
711:
707:
706:
703:
700:
697:
695:
692:
690:
687:
685:
681:
680:
677:
675:
672:
670:
667:
665:
662:
660:
657:
655:
651:
650:
645:
640:
635:
630:
625:
615:
612:
508:agriculturists
477:
474:
462:'s roots as a
379:
376:
360:
357:
273:
270:
236:spoken Finnish
151:, 'city'; see
132:Helsinki slang
127:
126:
121:
115:
114:
111:
103:
102:
101:Language codes
98:
97:
92:
88:Writing system
85:
82:
81:
79:
78:
77:
76:
75:
74:
72:Helsinki slang
55:
53:
46:
43:
42:
37:
33:
32:
24:
23:
22:Helsinki slang
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3254:
3243:
3240:
3238:
3235:
3233:
3230:
3228:
3225:
3224:
3222:
3207:
3204:
3202:
3199:
3197:
3194:
3193:
3191:
3187:
3181:
3178:
3176:
3173:
3171:
3168:
3166:
3165:Stadin slangi
3163:
3161:
3158:
3156:
3153:
3152:
3150:
3146:
3138:
3135:
3134:
3133:
3130:
3126:
3123:
3121:
3118:
3117:
3116:
3113:
3112:
3110:
3108:
3104:
3096:
3093:
3092:
3091:
3088:
3086:
3083:
3081:
3078:
3076:
3073:
3069:
3068:Rauma dialect
3066:
3065:
3064:
3061:
3060:
3058:
3054:
3045:
3040:
3038:
3033:
3031:
3026:
3025:
3022:
3015:
3014:
3009:
3006:
3003:
2999:
2996:
2995:
2987:
2984:
2982:
2979:
2976:
2973:
2972:
2963:
2959:
2955:
2951:
2947:
2946:
2925:
2921:
2917:
2911:
2897:on 2011-09-28
2896:
2892:
2888:
2884:
2877:
2870:
2864:
2855:
2848:
2842:
2833:
2824:
2809:
2803:
2797:
2791:
2776:
2774:3-11-011184-5
2770:
2766:
2765:
2757:
2755:
2753:
2738:on 2010-02-03
2737:
2733:
2726:
2724:
2722:
2720:
2718:
2716:
2701:
2694:
2692:
2690:
2685:
2673:
2669:
2663:
2655:
2647:
2641:
2640:
2635:
2634:
2629:
2628:
2621:
2618:
2612:
2604:
2596:
2595:sporga, sagga
2588:
2582:
2576:
2568:
2560:
2552:
2546:
2541:
2538:
2537:
2529:
2525:
2524:951-97542-2-9
2521:
2517:
2512:
2507:
2505:
2501:
2500:951-97542-1-0
2497:
2493:
2488:
2483:
2481:
2480:951-31-2533-5
2477:
2473:
2468:
2463:
2462:
2454:
2453:
2452:New Testament
2447:
2446:951-20-5828-6
2443:
2439:
2434:
2429:
2427:
2426:951-625-676-7
2423:
2419:
2414:
2409:
2407:
2406:
2400:
2399:951-625-740-2
2396:
2392:
2387:
2382:
2381:
2372:
2367:
2366:Remusanakirja
2362:
2360:
2359:951-0-22477-4
2356:
2352:
2347:
2342:
2340:
2339:951-0-09050-6
2336:
2332:
2327:
2322:
2319:
2315:
2314:951-0-23239-4
2311:
2308:(WSOY, 2000)
2306:
2301:
2300:
2292:
2291:
2286:
2285:952-469-399-2
2282:
2278:
2273:
2268:
2265:
2260:
2258:
2257:
2252:
2251:951-0-25703-6
2248:
2244:
2239:
2234:
2231:
2227:
2222:
2217:
2216:
2208:
2207:
2201:
2196:
2193:
2191:
2190:951-812-112-5
2187:
2183:
2179:
2178:Villi Vallila
2175:
2172:
2167:
2162:
2160:
2159:951-1-19642-1
2156:
2152:
2148:
2144:
2142:
2141:951-20-6092-2
2138:
2134:
2129:
2124:
2122:
2121:951-20-5231-8
2118:
2114:
2109:
2104:
2101:
2096:
2091:
2088:
2083:
2078:
2075:
2072:
2068:
2063:
2058:
2055:
2051:
2047:Eero Salola:
2046:
2045:
2039:
2027:
2024:February 2011
2018:
2014:
2011:This list is
2009:
2002:
2001:
1998:
1997:
1989:
1985:
1984:
1975:
1972:
1969:
1966:
1963:
1959:
1956:
1953:
1952:Remu Aaltonen
1950:
1947:
1944:
1941:
1938:
1937:
1931:
1920:
1917:February 2011
1911:
1907:
1904:This list is
1902:
1895:
1894:
1891:
1890:
1884:
1882:
1878:
1873:
1867:
1862:
1857:
1854:
1848:
1842:
1837:
1836:
1831:
1830:
1824:
1819:
1811:book language
1799:
1798:
1793:
1782:
1778:
1774:
1773:
1766:
1762:
1754:
1751:to be having
1750:
1746:
1742:
1739:
1735:
1732:
1729:
1725:
1721:
1718:
1715:
1712:
1709:
1705:
1704:
1700:
1696:
1692:
1688:
1684:
1680:
1676:
1673:
1670:
1666:
1662:
1658:
1654:
1650:
1647:
1643:
1639:
1636:
1635:
1631:
1627:
1623:
1622:
1621:Little Helper
1617:
1614:
1611:
1608:
1604:
1600:
1596:
1593:
1591:
1587:
1584:
1583:
1579:
1575:
1572:
1568:
1565:
1561:
1557:
1553:
1550:
1547:
1543:
1540:
1536:
1533:
1530:
1526:
1522:
1519:
1516:
1515:
1511:
1508:
1506:Slang version
1505:
1502:
1501:
1498:
1496:
1485:
1482:
1477:
1473:
1460:
1444:
1441:
1437:
1431:
1425:
1419:
1413:
1408:
1403:
1399:
1391:
1388:appear to be
1379:
1378:
1375:
1369:
1364:
1359:
1353:
1348:
1344:
1341:
1332:
1327:
1324:
1315:
1310:
1306:
1305:vowel harmony
1302:
1298:
1292:
1286:
1280:
1275:
1270:
1265:
1264:Fleminginkatu
1260:
1255:
1250:
1246:'open fire',
1244:
1239:
1235:
1231:
1228:Shortened or
1227:
1223:
1217:
1211:
1205:
1200:
1197:
1193:
1187:
1181:
1171:
1165:
1159:
1153:
1147:
1141:
1136:
1129:
1125:
1122:
1121:
1120:
1117:
1114:
1108:
1102:
1096:
1090:
1084:
1080:
1079:language game
1075:
1069:
1063:
1057:
1051:
1046:
1042:
1037:
1035:
1034:
1029:
1025:
1021:
1020:vowel harmony
1010:
1007:
999:
988:
985:
981:
978:
974:
971:
967:
964:
960:
957: â
956:
952:
951:Find sources:
945:
941:
935:
934:
929:This section
927:
923:
918:
917:
909:
907:
903:
899:
889:
887:
883:
879:
875:
872:
868:
864:
860:
855:
853:
847:
844:
838:
833:
828:
826:
822:
818:
814:
810:
806:
796:
790:
781:
773:
768:
765:
764:
755:
747:
742:
739:
738:
732:
727:
722:
717:
712:
709:
708:
696:
691:
686:
683:
682:
676:
671:
666:
661:
656:
653:
652:
649:
646:
644:
641:
639:
636:
634:
631:
629:
626:
623:
622:
614:Modernization
610:
608:
607:
597:
587:
576:
565:
554:
544:
533:
522:
520:
516:
511:
509:
504:
499:
495:
491:
487:
486:multicultural
483:
473:
471:
470:
469:lingua franca
465:
460:
455:
451:
447:
443:
435:
431:
427:
425:
419:
417:
413:
408:
407:working class
404:
399:
397:
393:
389:
385:
374:
365:
356:
353:
348:
344:
340:
336:
331:
328:
322:
317:
316:
312:
307:
301:
295:
294:stadin slangi
290:
282:
278:
269:
267:
263:
259:
254:
251:
245:
239:
237:
233:
229:
225:
221:
217:
213:
208:
205:
201:
197:
193:
189:
188:working-class
185:
180:
178:
174:
170:
166:
162:
158:
155:) is a local
154:
149:
148:
143:
138:
137:stadin slangi
133:
122:
120:
116:
112:
109:
104:
99:
96:
93:
89:
83:
73:
70:
69:
68:
65:
64:
63:
60:
59:
58:
54:
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29:stadin slangi
25:
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3011:
2992:Dictionaries
2949:
2928:. Retrieved
2924:the original
2919:
2910:
2899:. Retrieved
2895:the original
2886:
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2832:
2823:
2812:. Retrieved
2802:
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2778:. Retrieved
2763:
2740:. Retrieved
2736:the original
2703:. Retrieved
2658:sounds like
2637:
2631:
2625:
2620:
2599:(old); 'die'
2583:) (old/new),
2540:
2527:
2503:
2449:
2402:
2297:Dictionaries
2288:
2269:Sami Garam:
2261:Sami Garam:
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1569:, there's a
1566:
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1524:
1503:Quote source
1494:
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1318:
1273:
1262:'the street
1253:
1237:
1118:
1098:and further
1038:
1031:
1017:
1002:
996:October 2009
993:
983:
976:
969:
962:
950:
938:Please help
933:verification
930:
906:phonotactics
897:
895:
856:
848:
837:vanha slangi
829:
813:Soviet Union
811:between the
804:
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490:multilingual
479:
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240:
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181:
131:
130:
124:fi-u-sd-fi18
71:
2579:(< Rus.
2551:mutsi, mude
2547:): 'mother'
2230:Donald Duck
2147:Helsinki 12
1988:#Literature
1962:Finnish rap
1856:and slang.
1701:to others.
1681:I have ton
1632:with this!
1590:Donald Duck
1445:or lisp on
1439:'policeman'
1219:('knife'),
1126:The voiced
843:uusi slangi
832:immigration
586:Studikselle
532:labbiksesta
264:and proper
250:uusi slangi
3221:Categories
3180:Varissuomi
2975:Slangi.net
2901:2009-10-01
2814:2009-09-30
2742:2009-09-30
2705:2009-09-30
2680:References
2607:(old/new),
2555:(old/new),
2467:Slangivisa
2264:Jörde-Juge
2226:Carl Barks
2195:Sami Garam
2166:Himaföneri
2013:incomplete
1994:Literature
1906:incomplete
1853:kirjakieli
1841:kirjakieli
1797:kirjakieli
1649:Klabbeissa
1586:Sami Garam
1578:understand
1537:, tÀÀl on
1472:PitkÀsilta
1453:, or even
1230:diminutive
1225:('bottle')
1213:('sick'),
1167:('girl'),
1161:('work'),
1155:('dork'),
1128:consonants
1083:fikonsprÄk
966:newspapers
902:neologisms
882:television
766:1985â1989
710:1910â1940
684:1900â1920
654:1890â1920
606:Kaisikseen
564:Espikselle
371:See also:
297:or simply
173:loan words
3196:MeÀnkieli
2780:1 October
2639:SörnÀinen
2418:Kirjapaja
2391:Kirjapaja
2224:(2001) â
2171:Minimo.fi
1960:(Avain),
1934:Musicians
1883:as well.
1476:Punavuori
1466:Variation
1347:SörnÀinen
1300:'ibid.'))
1074:velociped
1068:velociped
1047:dialect)
1033:pÀrÀyttÀÀ
892:Evolution
805:old slang
515:Hellaassa
498:sociolect
450:SörnÀinen
343:sociolect
281:HĂ€meentie
272:Etymology
184:sociolect
161:sociolect
153:etymology
108:ISO 639-3
2624:Whether
2518:, 2001)
2516:Edico Oy
2494:, 1999)
2492:Edico Oy
2474:, 2002)
2440:, 2001)
2438:Gummerus
2420:, 2000)
2393:, 2001)
2378:Biblical
2353:, 1997)
2333:, 1979)
2279:, 2005)
2245:, 2001)
2184:, 2006)
2153:, 2004)
2135:, 2002)
2133:Gummerus
2115:, 1997)
2113:Gummerus
1665:tsungaan
1630:to clean
1605:tÀl ois
1558:driver,
1398:Estonian
1309:suffixes
1095:filusari
886:Internet
553:Supiksen
548:kohdalla
543:Aasiksen
327:kaupunki
169:Helsinki
40:Helsinki
2930:3 March
2920:WSOY.fi
2581:Đ·Đ°ĐșŃŃĐșĐ°
2373:, 2008)
2182:Kesuura
2173:, 2005)
2102:, 1963)
2089:, 1962)
2053:(1920s)
1981:Writers
1805:
1749:pretend
1745:acquire
1728:kliffaa
1726:et ois
1724:bluffaa
1720:skaffaa
1669:tsungaa
1663:niille
1653:stiflat
1642:stiflat
1529:stikkaa
1527:kuski,
1495:italics
1481:Rööperi
1390:merging
1321:Sörkast
1269:snagari
1259:Flemari
1243:fleggis
1135:Finnish
1107:fillari
1101:fillari
1062:fillari
980:scholar
821:Karelia
643:English
638:Russian
633:Swedish
628:Finnish
596:Hudista
591:suoraan
538:tapasin
519:italics
466:or the
446:Vallila
434:Vallila
412:Russian
388:Finland
359:History
339:dialect
311:Swedish
224:English
220:Russian
212:Swedish
200:Russian
196:Finnish
192:Swedish
163:of the
157:dialect
142:Swedish
67:Finnish
3002:search
2977:portal
2960:
2771:
2662:Sörkka
2654:SörkkÀ
2646:Sörkka
2633:SörkkÀ
2627:Sörkka
2611:debata
2522:
2498:
2478:
2444:
2424:
2397:
2357:
2337:
2316:â won
2312:
2283:
2277:Egmont
2249:
2213:Comics
2188:
2157:
2139:
2119:
1968:Steen1
1866:slangi
1844:, to "
1835:kondis
1829:duunaa
1816:, see
1738:should
1717:hiffaa
1714:Kandee
1677:On my
1661:stygen
1657:bungaa
1624:, how
1607:stedaa
1601:, kui
1546:bonjaa
1542:blosis
1532:dörtsi
1520:comics
1436:skoude
1430:gitarr
1424:skitta
1374:byysÀt
1368:byysat
1358:TölikÀ
1352:Tölika
1338:SörkÀs
1331:SörkkÀ
1314:Sörkka
1297:klaava
1291:kruuna
1285:klande
1279:krunde
1249:kondis
1222:flinda
1216:skeglu
1192:koisaa
1180:prakaa
1170:goisaa
1146:brakaa
1140:budjaa
1056:spurgu
982:
975:
968:
961:
953:
795:Source
658:>20
648:German
624:Years
575:piikis
503:slangi
459:slangi
454:Arabia
442:Kallio
416:German
352:slangi
341:and a
300:slangi
216:German
204:German
194:- and
159:and a
62:Finnic
57:Uralic
36:Region
3242:Slang
3148:Other
2615:(new)
2587:fuudi
2559:mursa
2534:Notes
2472:Tammi
2459:Other
2151:Otava
2100:Otava
2087:Tammi
2067:Tammi
1772:tonni
1683:shoes
1616:Think
1603:iisii
1595:Kelaa
1554:Hey,
1539:galsa
1535:posee
1525:spora
1443:Ceceo
1412:stoge
1363:Töölö
1361:<
1345:<
1210:glesa
1204:Stadi
1186:kimma
1175:/ptk/
1164:gimma
1158:duuni
1152:dorka
1131:/bdÉĄ/
1113:fiude
1045:Sipoo
987:JSTOR
973:books
863:music
859:films
740:1979
678:<1
673:<1
668:<5
347:slang
335:slang
321:stadi
306:Stadi
3201:Kven
2958:ISBN
2932:2013
2849:1951
2782:2009
2769:ISBN
2520:ISBN
2496:ISBN
2476:ISBN
2450:The
2442:ISBN
2422:ISBN
2403:The
2395:ISBN
2371:Teos
2355:ISBN
2351:WSOY
2335:ISBN
2331:WSOY
2320:2001
2310:ISBN
2281:ISBN
2247:ISBN
2243:WSOY
2186:ISBN
2155:ISBN
2137:ISBN
2117:ISBN
1986:See
1802:lit.
1736:You
1708:HIFK
1699:sing
1695:sing
1691:song
1687:cost
1679:feet
1626:easy
1574:wind
1571:cold
1567:shut
1564:door
1562:the
1560:push
1556:tram
1548:tsÀ?
1523:Hei
1451:/sÌȘ/
1384:and
1371:pro
1355:pro
1328:pro
1311:do (
1294:and
1282:and
1254:-ari
1234:noun
1050:burk
959:news
898:real
861:and
803:The
488:and
452:and
414:and
315:stad
228:food
218:and
147:stad
119:IETF
2630:or
2019:.
1958:Asa
1912:.
1777:ton
1753:fun
1743:to
1671:en.
1455:/Ξ/
1447:/s/
1433:),
1421:),
1418:tÄg
1394:/a/
1392:as
1386:/É/
1382:/ĂŠ/
1349:),
1274:-de
1266:',
1238:-is
1110:to
1086:is
942:by
846:).
521:):
330:).
232:die
134:or
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