Headquarters of the United Nations

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Chambers near the center of the site with the Secretariat tower emerging as a slab from the south. Niemeyer's plan was closer to that actually constructed, with a distinctive General Assembly Building, a long low horizontal block housing the other meeting rooms, and a tall tower for the Secretariat. The Board of Design presented their final plans for the United Nations headquarters in May 1947. The plans called for a 45-story Secretariat tower at the south end of the site, a 30-story office building at the north end, and several low-rise structures (including the General Assembly Building) in between. The complex, as built, repositioned Niemeyer's General Assembly building to the north of this tripartite composition. This plan included a public plaza as well. The UN headquarters was originally proposed alongside a grand boulevard leading eastward from

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will come from the buildings being in the right space!'. The comparison between Le Corbusier's heavy block and Niemeyer's startling, elegantly articulated composition seemed to me to be in everyone's mind..." Later on, Corbusier came once again to Niemeyer and asked him to reposition the Assembly Hall back to the center of the site. Such modification would destroy Niemeyer's plans for a large civic square. However, he finally decided to accept the modification; together, they submitted the scheme 23–32, which was built and is what can be seen today. Along with suggestions from the other members of the Board of Design Consultants, this was developed into project 42G. This late project was built with some reductions and other modifications.

10912: 1490:. At the front of the chamber is the rostrum containing the green marble desk for the President of the General Assembly, Secretary-General and Under-Secretary-General for General Assembly Affairs and Conference Services, as well as a matching lectern for speakers. Behind the rostrum is the UN emblem on a gold background. The rostrum is flanked by a paneled semi-circular wall, which contains seating booths for guests. The ceiling of the hall is 75 ft (23 m) high and surmounted by a shallow dome ringed by recessed light fixtures. Each of the 192 delegations has six seats in the hall with three at a desk and three alternate seats behind them. 1737: 11194: 1992: 11144: 11054: 11411: 1473: 31: 1905:

surrounding roads are closed due to visiting dignitaries, as well as the high costs to the city. A US telephone survey in 2001 found that 67% of respondents favored moving the United Nations headquarters out of the country. Countries critical of the US, such as Iran and Russia, are especially vocal in questioning the current location of the United Nations, arguing that the United States government could manipulate the work of the General Assembly through selective access to politicians from other countries, with the aim of having an advantage over rival countries. In the wake of the

10937: 706: 11422: 1729: 1632: 11370: 10835: 2108: 10951: 11384: 11326: 10883: 577: 11134: 10927: 1502:. There is a delegates' lounge on the south side of the second floor, which also connects with the Conference Building along the East River. There is also a meditation room next to the north lobby, as well as a large conference room and several smaller conference rooms in the basement beneath the General Assembly Hall. The basement also has television and radio studios, a sound-recording studio, and a master control room for the United Nations headquarters' communication system. 2080: 1117:, just west of the headquarters, was also acquired so that two streets near the UN headquarters could be widened. The expanded streets were expected to speed up construction. In October 1949, contracts were awarded for the construction of two vehicular ramps over the FDR Drive: one to the north of the UN headquarters, and one to the south. Another contract to redevelop 42nd Street, a major corridor leading to the UN headquarters, was awarded in December of that year. 1045:. In October, Harrison requested that its 58 members and the 48 US states participate in designing the interiors of the building's conference rooms. It was believed that if enough countries designed their own rooms, the UN would be able to reduce its own expenditures. The headquarters were originally supposed to be completed in 1951, with the first occupants moving into the Secretariat Building in 1950. However, in November, New York City's construction coordinator 11204: 2066: 11004: 11014: 1142:

the bulk of the UN's operations still remained at Lake Success. A centralized phone-communications system was built to facilitate communications within the complex. The UN had completely moved out of its Lake Success headquarters by May. The construction of the General Assembly Building was delayed due to a shortage of limestone for the building, which in turn resulted from a heavy snow at the British limestone quarries that were supplying the building's

1129:, the last structure to be built, was awarded in April 1950. At the time, the building was not expected to be complete until 1952 due to a steelworkers' strike, which had delayed the production of steel. The first pieces of the platform over the FDR Drive was lifted into place the same month. In June 1950, Norway proposed that it decorate and outfit the complex's Security Council chamber, and the UN unofficially accepted the Norwegian offer. 11114: 11024: 1324: 747: 11224: 11184: 11084: 11312: 11302: 11214: 11357: 11064: 11044: 11034: 10984: 11264: 11244: 11164: 11154: 11336: 11292: 11282: 11254: 11234: 11174: 11124: 11104: 10994: 10974: 2094: 11074: 609:–type vertical complex, thus, it was a given that the Secretariat would be housed in a tall office tower. During daily meetings from February to June 1947, the collaborative team produced at least 45 designs and variations. Rather than hold a competition for the design of the facilities for the headquarters, the UN decided to commission a multinational team of leading architects to collaborate on the design. 1897: 1125:

1951. In February 1950, the UN invited companies from 37 countries to bid on $ 2 million worth of furniture for the Secretariat Building. A month later, the UN announced that it would also be accepting all donations from private citizens, entities, or organizations. This marked a reversal from their previous policy of rejecting all donations. A $ 1.7 million steel contract on the

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improved security. A temporary $ 140 million "North Lawn Building" was built to house the United Nations' "critical operations" while renovations proceeded. Work began on May 5, 2008, but the project was delayed for a while. By 2009 the cost of the work had risen from $ 1.2 billion to $ 1.6 billion with some estimates saying it would take up to $ 3 billion.

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used as mechanical floors, and floor 39 serves as a mechanical penthouse, accessible only by stairs. Under the building is a three-story garage for UN employees, with 1,500 parking spaces. When the building was constructed, the lowest stories were to contain broadcasting studios, press offices, staff rooms, and other functions. The offices were placed on the upper floors.

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prayer room that could accommodate the various religions. Two days after this announcement, workers erected the first steel beam for the Secretariat Building, to little official fanfare. The consortium working on the Secretariat Building announced that 13,000 tons of steel would eventually be used in the building, and that the steelwork would consist of a strong

11094: 9932: 4457: 1153:(NYCHA), was too small. The NYCHA building could only hold 170,000 books, whereas the UN wanted to host at least 350,000 to 400,000 books in its library. The new facility was slated to cost $ 3 million. By 1955, the collection was housed in the Secretariat Building and held 250,000 volumes in "every language of the world", according to 8129: 4920: 4887: 3494: 2036:, the United Nations headquarters has often been used to stand for "freedom, justice, and solutions to specific local problems through a grid-like, mirror-like deliberative process". Due to the headquarters' symbolism, several works of fiction have depicted the building under threat, including the films 1146:. The erection of the building's framework began in February 1952. The Manhattan headquarters was declared complete on October 10, 1952. The cost of construction was reported to be on budget at $ 65 million. In 1953, twenty-one nations donated furnishings or offered to decorate the UN headquarters. 1720:, a waterfront pedestrian and bicycle pathway. While host nation authorities have agreed to the provisions of the plan, it needs the approval of the United Nations in order to be implemented. The plan is similar in concept to an earlier proposal that had been announced in 2000 but did not move forward. 1622:

set within a metal grid. The narrower northern and southern elevations are made of masonry clad with Vermont marble. The Secretariat Building was constructed with 889,000 square feet (82,600 m) of space and, at the time of its completion, could accommodate 4,000 workers. Floors 6, 16, and 28 are

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The first 450 UN employees started working at the Secretariat Building on August 22, 1950. The United Nations officially moved into the Secretariat Building on January 8, 1951, by which time 3,300 employees occupied the building. At the time, much of the Secretariat Building was still unfinished, and

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Many cities vied for the honor of hosting the UN Headquarters site, prior to the selection of New York City. The selection of the East River site came after over a year of protracted study and consideration of many sites in the United States. A powerful faction among the delegates advocated returning

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Wallace Harrison's assistant, architect George Dudley, later stated: "It literally took our breath away to see the simple plane of the site kept open from First Avenue to the River, only three structures on it, standing free, a fourth lying low behind them along the river's edge... also said, 'beauty

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Niemeyer met with Corbusier at the latter's request shortly after the former arrived in New York City. Corbusier had already been lobbying hard to promote his own scheme 23, and thus, requested that Niemeyer not submit a design, lest he further confuse the contentious meetings of the Board of Design.

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in three shades of gray marble. The walls were upholstered in royal blue, with golden tapestries; these tapestries represent hope, faith, and charity. The space could seat 232 members of the public and 100 journalists, and there are also seats for delegates whose countries are not yet members of the

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designed the Trusteeship Council chamber, which includes wood screens spanning the north and south walls, as well as baffles and rods on the ceiling. A model of a white plane was originally suspended from the ceiling above the deliberation table. The space could seat 198 members of the public and 66

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The Conference Building faces the East River between the General Assembly Building and the Secretariat, being directly east of both structures. It is five stories high and measures 400 feet (120 m) long. The exteriors were designed by the United Nations Board of Design, while the interiors were

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as its six official languages. Delegates speaking in any of these languages will have their words simultaneously interpreted into all of the others, and attendees are provided with headphones through which they can hear the interpretations. A delegate is allowed to make a statement in a non-official

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and other activities. Because the headquarters was extraterritorial territory, they were exempt from various building regulations. By 1998, the buildings had become technologically dated, and UN officials considered renovating the headquarters. The mechanical systems were so outdated that the UN had

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existing headquarters via a public park. This plan was presented to the New York City government in 1969, but was ultimately not acted upon. The main headquarters was expanded slightly from 1978 to 1981, including the construction of a new cafeteria and a slight expansion of the Conference Building.

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In 1946, Zeckendorf purchased the land with the intention to create a futuristic, self-contained city called "X City" on the site. This complex was to contain an office building and a hotel, each 57 stories tall, and an entertainment complex between them. X City would have also had smaller apartment

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on the headquarters' eastern side. To fit in with the accelerated schedule of construction, the steel would have to be delivered by September. The project also included a four-lane, $ 2.28 million vehicular tunnel under First Avenue so that traffic could bypass the headquarters when the UN was

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and Portinari intended to execute them in the United States. However, he was denied a visa due to his communist convictions and decided to paint them in Rio de Janeiro. They were later assembled in the headquarters. After their completion in 1957, Portinari, who was already ill when he started the

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councils, all of which were designed by Scandinavian architects. All three chambers have technical equipment on the north and south walls, public seating to the west, delegates' seats in the center, and glass walls to the east. They each measure 72 feet (22 m) deep, 135 feet (41 m) wide,

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A radical proposal for redeveloping the area around the UN headquarters was proposed in 1968. It entailed closing First Avenue between 43rd and 45th Streets; constructing a new visitor's center with two 44-story towers between 43rd and 45th Streets; and connecting the new visitor's center with the

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ventilation building between 41st and 42nd Streets. The northern portion of the United Nations site remained largely undeveloped through the mid-1960s; a proposed skyscraper by Wallace K. Harrison was scrapped after the UN ran out of money and had to borrow $ 65 million from the United States

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In December 1949, Robert Moses proposed placing a playground inside the UN headquarters, but this plan was initially rejected. The UN subsequently reversed its position in April 1951, and Lie agreed to build a 100-by-140-foot (30 by 43 m) playground at the northeast corner of the headquarters

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approve an interest-free loan of $ 65 million in order to fund construction. The US Congress authorized the loan on August 6, 1948, on the condition that the UN repay the loan in twelve monthly installments between July 1951 and July 1952. Of the $ 65 million, $ 25 million was to be

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While the United Nations had dreamed of constructing an independent city for its new world capital, multiple obstacles soon forced the organization to downsize the organization’s plans. They ultimately decided to build on Rockefeller's East River plot, since the land was free and the land's owners

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The 39-story Secretariat Building was completed in 1950. It houses offices for the Secretary-General, the Under-Secretary-General for Legal Affairs and United Nations Legal Counsel, the Under-Secretary-General for Political Affairs and Office of Disarmament Affairs, and the Department for General

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designed the Economic and Social Council chamber, which contained wooden screens on the curved north and south walls, as well as an exposed ceiling. Markelius painted the ceiling in various hues of black, gray, and off-white. The space was redesigned in 1974 when ECOSOC was expanded from 27 to 54

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was hired to renovate the Secretariat, Conference, and General Assembly buildings in July 2007. The renovations, which were the first since the complex opened in 1950, were expected to take about 7 years to complete. When completed the complex is also expected to be more energy efficient and have

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to the two individuals. The UN used the Reconstruction Finance Corp.'s $ 25 million as a stopgap measure. The resulting case circumscribed the immunity of UN employees. To save money, the UN considered retaining an existing building on the Manhattan site, which had been slated for demolition

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in Geneva, Switzerland. A wide variety of suggestions were made, including such fanciful suggestions as a ship on the high seas to housing the entire complex in a single tall building. Amateur architects submitted designs, local governments offered park areas, but the determined group of New York

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status. This affects some law enforcement where UN rules override the laws of New York City, but it does not give immunity to those who commit crimes there. In addition, the United Nations headquarters remains under the jurisdiction and laws of the United States, although a few members of the UN

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in October 1949 after its steel framework had been completed. The UN flag was hoisted atop the roof of the newly completed steel frame in celebration of this event. The installation of the Secretariat Building's interior furnishings proceeded quickly so that the building could be open in January

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The formal $ 23.8 million contract for the Secretariat Building was awarded in January 1949. A prayer space for people of all religions was announced on April 18, 1949. Until then, the UN had avoided the subject of a prayer room, because it had been difficult, if not impossible, to create a

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Silver rating. Despite some delays and rises in construction costs, renovation on the entire UN headquarters progressed rapidly. By 2012, the installation of the new glass facade of the Secretariat Building was completed, and the UN staff moved into the newly renovated building in July 2012. By

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The gardens at the United Nations headquarters were originally closed to the public, but were made publicly accessible in 1958. By 1962, the United Nations' operations had grown so much that the headquarters could not house all of the organization's operations. As a result, the UN announced its

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Due to the significance of the organization, proposals to relocate its headquarters have occasionally been made. Complainants about its current location include diplomats who find it difficult to obtain visas from the United States and local residents complaining of inconveniences whenever the

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and is located next to the Secretariat at the southwest corner of the headquarters campus. The library holds 400,000 books, 9,800 newspapers and periodical titles, 80,000 maps, and the Woodrow Wilson Collection containing 8,600 volumes of League of Nations documents and 6,500 related books and

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was raised above the first beam as a demonstration for the many spectators who witnessed the first beam's erection. The Secretariat Building was to be completed no later than January 1, 1951, and if the consortium of Fuller, Turner, Slattery, and Walsh exceeded that deadline, they had to pay a

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Apartments across First Avenue from the Zeckendorf site. The city, in turn, spent $ 5 million ($ 51 million in 2023) on clearing the land. Rockefeller donated the site to the UN in December 1946. The UN accepted this donation, despite the objections of several prominent architects such as

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After much discussion, Harrison, who coordinated the meetings, determined that a design based on Niemeyer's project 32 and Le Corbusier's project 23 would be developed for the final project. Le Corbusier's project 23 consisted of a large block containing both the Assembly Hall and the Council

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delayed the ceremony after learning that Truman would not be present to officiate the cornerstone laying. Seven months later, on October 11, Truman accepted an invitation to attend a cornerstone-laying ceremony, which was planned to occur on October 24. At the ceremony, New York Governor

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repeatedly pressed him to participate did Niemeyer agree to submit his own project. Niemeyer's project 32 was finally chosen, but as opposed to Corbusier's project 23, which consisted of one building containing both the Assembly Hall and the councils in the center of the site (as it was

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refused to pass legislation in 2005 that would have allowed these plans to proceed. Alternative sites were considered as temporary holding locations during renovations. In 2005, officials explored the possibility of establishing a new temporary site at the old Lake Success location.

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hierarchically the most important building), Niemeyer's plan split the councils from the Assembly Hall, locating the first alongside the river, and the second on the right side of the secretariat. This would not split the site, but on the contrary, would create a large civic square.

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Freedman, Alix M.; Spindle, Bill (December 19, 2003). "The U.N.: Searching for Relevance; Rescue Mission: Now at the Top Of U.N.'s Agenda: How to Save Itself; New Threats Like Terrorism Spark a Broad Rethinking; Spread Out or Scale Back?; Kofi Annan: 'Fork in the Road'".

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Critics of relocation say that the idea would be expensive and would also involve the withdrawal of the United States from the organization, and with it much of the agency's funding. They also state that the proposals have never gone from being mere declarations.

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complex, located three blocks west of the headquarters. It also announced its intention to build a new storage building between 41st and 42nd Streets. None of these properties would receive the extraterritorial status conferred on the original headquarters.

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September 2015, the renovations were nearly complete but the cost had risen to $ 2.15 billion. Demolition of the North Lawn Building began in January 2016. The building was replaced with an open plaza, and most of its materials were to be recycled.

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and 24 feet (7.3 m) long. Below are three large and six small conference rooms. Above the three conference chambers, near the rooftop of the building, were dining areas. There was also a lounge for delegates near the building's north end.

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The UN then decided to renovate its existing structures over a seven-year period for US$ 1.6 billion. Louis Frederick Reuter IV originally designed the renovation, but he resigned in 2006 following various disputes between UN and US officials.

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Although the structure is physically situated in the United States, the land occupied by the United Nations headquarters and the spaces of buildings that it rents are under the sole administration of the United Nations. They are technically

8992: 11247: 10743: 9967: 1176:(UNDP) moved to leased office space three years later. The East River-Turtle Bay Fund, a civic group, proposed that the United Nations purchase a 3-acre (1.2 ha) tract located to the south of the headquarters, on the site of the 10541: 11363: 1230:, which published its findings in 2000. Ove Arup recommended renovating the UN headquarters over a six-year period, as well as expanding the Secretariat Building, but the UN could not secure funding for the project at the time. 4372:"U. N. FLAG HOISTED OVER NEW BUILDING; The Banner With Olive Branch Flies Atop Completed Steel Structure on East Side AUSTIN HAILS THE SYMBOL Vermont Marble Already Is in Place on Two Walls – Acres of Acoustic Ceilings Planned" 1029:, who had been charged with espionage and were set to go on trial in March 1949. The House was loath to distribute the full $ 65 million because the government was concerned that the UN's proposed headquarters would grant 1753:

The complex contains gardens, which were originally private gardens before being opened to the public in 1958. The complex is notable for its gardens and outdoor sculptures. Iconic sculptures include the "Knotted Gun", called

10292: 1580:. The Security Council chamber also leads to the Consultation Room, a private conference room for members of the council, and the Caucus Room, where members could host small meetings. A quiet room for delegates, designed by 1486:, holds the General Assembly Hall, which has a seating capacity of 1,800. At 165 ft (50 m) long by 115 ft (35 m) wide, it is the largest room in the complex. The Hall has two murals by the French artist 933: 1371:(NYPD) officers due to the agencies' similar uniforms. The NYPD's 17th Precinct patrols the area around and near the complex, but may only formally enter the actual UN headquarters at the request of the Secretary-General. 10287: 10329: 1675:

respectively. DC1 was built in 1976. There is also an identification office at the corner of 46th Street, inside a former bank branch, where pre-accredited diplomats, reporters, and others receive their grounds passes.

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While outside of the complex, the headquarters also includes two large office buildings that serve as offices for the agencies and programmes of the organization. These buildings, known as DC-1 and DC-2, are located at

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Farley, Maggie (June 26, 2005). "The World; Going Gets Tough for the U.N.; The world body needs a new headquarters while it renovates, but real estate options for a 191- nation bureaucracy are limited in New York".

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The building contains two lobbies: a delegates' lobby to the south and a public lobby to the north. On the second floor, directly behind the General Assembly Hall, is the GA 200 room, which contains offices for the

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conferences sponsored by UNA-USA, the National Collegiate Conference Association (NCCA/NMUN), and the International Model UN Association (IMUNA/NHSMUN) hold part of their sessions in the General Assembly chamber.

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site. However, the UN did reject an unusual "model playground" proposal for that site, instead choosing to construct a play area similar to others found around New York City. The playground opened in April 1953.

10871: 4704:"LIE AGREES TO HAVE PLAYGROUND AT U.N.; Area at Corner of East River Headquarters Will Be Set Aside for Children MOSES PERSUASION WINS Peace Body Will Pay Costs-- Assembly Building Now to Be Ready in Mid-1952" 2583: 2839:

Yerxa, Fendall (May 22, 1947). "Design of U. N. Workshop for Peace' Revealed: Two Buildings, 45 and 30 Stories, Being Planned; City Will Beautify Area City Plans to Improve Area Around United Nations Site".

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count as separate entities. Other UN organizations such as the World Bank count for the state or country they are located in. The UN Staff Recreation Council operates amateur radio station 4U1UN.

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proposed replacing the nearby Robert Moses Playground with a new tower, relocating the Secretariat's offices there temporarily, and renovating the Secretariat Building itself. The UN selected

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language, but must provide either an interpreter or a written copy of their remarks translated into an official language. Interpreters typically take turns, working for 30 minutes at a time.

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In 2019, due to a budget shortfall, the UN cut back some services at its headquarters, such as heating and air-conditioning. On March 10, 2020, the UN closed to the general public due to the

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once the headquarters was completed. Until 1950, the UN refused to accept private donations for the headquarters' construction, citing a policy that prohibited them from accepting donations.

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The UN staff continued to grow, and by 1969, the organization had 3,500 staff working in the New York headquarters. The UN rented additional space at 485 Lexington Avenue and in the

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The library was founded with the United Nations in 1946. It was originally called the United Nations Library, later the United Nations International Library. In the late 1950s the

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was also instrumental in securing the funding for the new building. The Dag Hammarskjöld Library was dedicated and renamed on November 16, 1961. The building was a gift from the

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United Nations Security officers are generally responsible for security within the UN Headquarters. They are equipped with weapons and handcuffs and are sometimes mistaken for

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was named as Director of Planning, and a Board of Design Consultants was composed of architects, planners and engineers nominated by member governments. The board consisted of

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members. The space could seat 336 members of the public and 40 journalists. The ECOSOC chamber was renovated again in 1995 and 2013, and a set of curtains named "Dialogos" by

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Instead, Corbusier asked the younger architect Niemeyer to assist him with his project. Niemeyer began to absent himself from the meetings. Only after Wallace Harrison and

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Phipps, Linda S., "'Constructing' the United Nations Headquarters: Modern Architecture as Public Diplomacy", Ph.D. thesis, Harvard University, 1998; Chapters 1 and 2.

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minimum penalty of $ 2,500 per day to the UN. To reduce construction costs, the complex's planners downsized the Secretariat Building from 42 stories to 39 stories.

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ceremony for the initial buildings occurred on September 14, 1948. A bucket of earth was removed to mark the start of construction for the basement of the 39-story

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wrote that "if the United Nations had to abide by city building regulations it might well be shuttered". The UN commissioned a report from engineering firm

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straddling the US–Canada border were considered as potential sites for the UN Headquarters. San Francisco, where the UN was founded in 1945, was favored by

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Ingalls, Leonard (August 6, 1948). "House Passes 65-MillionU. N. Building Loan: Measure Is Sent to Truman; Ohioan Denounces U. N. as Haven for Red Spies".

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officials announced an agreement in which the UN would be allowed to build a long-sought new office tower just south of the existing campus on the current

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in which they expressed intent to buy 10,000 to 11,000 tons of steel. This steel would be used to build the rest of the complex, as well as a deck over

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2:4, within the complex. Contrary to popular belief, the quotation is not carved on any UN building. Rather, it is carved on the "Isaiah Wall" of

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unanimously voted to formally thank the national, state, and city governments for their role in building the headquarters. A joint venture of the

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Quirk, James (August 19, 2007). "Think big, aim big ; Parsippany firm parlayed experience with major projects to land U.N. renovation job".

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in session. The tunnel started construction on August 1, 1949. The tunnel involved two years of planning due to its complexity. Property inside

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reported that construction was two months behind schedule. By that time, 60% of the headquarters' site had been excavated. The same month, the

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The United Nations headquarters is often featured in movies and other pop culture. Several films have been set at the headquarters, including

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A new library building for the UN headquarters was proposed in 1952. The existing UN library, a 6-story structure formerly owned by the

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on the east wall. The oil canvas mural depicts a phoenix rising from its ashes. On one wall is a door leading to the office of the

1467: 1435: 1126: 376: 48: 8298: 11987: 11982: 11429: 11067: 9540: 9393: 9323: 8623: 7008:"UN General Assembly: Does it mean a turning point of modern architecture? Or is it the 'bankruptcy of the international style'?" 1495: 1090: 989: 985: 7604: 7235: 7122: 6969: 6601: 3563: 3239: 3209: 1854:

room. In 1952, two Fernand Léger murals were installed in the General Assembly Hall. One is said to resemble cartoon character

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Besides gatherings solely for diplomats and academics, there are a few organizations that regularly hold events at the UN. The

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The complex has a street address of United Nations headquarters, New York, NY, 10017, United States. For security reasons, all

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and so cannot be prosecuted by local courts unless the immunity is waived by the Secretary-General. In 2005, Secretary-General

593: 7298: 3088: 1364:. Benon Sevan later fled the United States to Cyprus, while Aleksandr Yakovlev and Vladimir Kuznetsov decided to stand trial. 12321: 12249: 12203: 11459: 11007: 10779: 10682: 10648: 10551: 10531: 10462: 10250: 10221: 10199: 10090: 10023: 9811: 9756: 9161: 9138: 8278: 8099: 7426: 2950: 2913: 2638:"Rockefellers Hail Zeckendorf's Role; Praises Real Estate Executive, as Well as O'Dwyer, Moses, for Aiding Deal on U.N. Site" 2469: 2418: 1569: 1419: 1250:

was also suggested as a temporary site. Another alternative for a temporary headquarters or a new permanent facility was the

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was selected in December 1948 to construct the Secretariat Building, as well as the foundations for the remaining buildings.

892:, offered to donate $ 8.5 million to purchase the land along the East River. Robert Moses and Rockefeller Sr. convinced 8588: 8213: 3407:"$ 3,000,000 Cut In U.N. Plan for Site Is Advised: Tower and Garage Would Be Reduced; Cost Figure to Stay at $ 65,000,000". 2919: 434:. The United Nations has three additional subsidiary regional headquarters, or headquarters districts. These were opened in 12331: 12326: 12239: 11707: 11404: 11267: 11127: 10930: 10603: 10226: 9996: 9582: 9567: 9550: 7046: 6725: 4498:"U. N. STEEL SUPPLY FOR ASSEMBLY SET; But Building Will Not Be Ready for '51 Session – Delay Seen in Transfer to Manhattan" 2817: 1685: 1476: 1395: 1173: 8645: 6891: 6482: 5974: 12259: 12213: 11972: 11732: 11672: 10694: 10689: 10113: 9981: 9843: 9746: 9669: 9609: 8723: 8697: 8467: 8436: 8069: 7969:"U.N.'s Building For Secretariat Ready by Sept. 1: Won't Be Occupied Until January; Meeting Hall Area Almost Completed". 4331:"U. N. Approach to Be Beautified By Redevelopment of 42d Street; PLANS FOR THE REDEVELOPMENT OF EAST FORTY-SECOND STREET" 4208:"FIRST AVENUE JOB IN U. N. AREA BEGUN; $ 2,280,000 Renovation Project, to Take 13 Months, Required Two Years of Planning" 3025: 1601: 1431: 1159:. The Dag Hammarskjöld Library Building, designed by Harrison and Abramovitz, was officially dedicated in November 1961. 1042: 585: 368: 40: 6091: 5701: 3753:"Moses Reports U. N. Site Plans Are Unchanged: Work Two Months Behind Schedule, to Go Through as Originally Projected". 2770:"40-Story Building to be U.N. Center; Skyscraper to Be Finished by October, 1948, Under Fastest of 3 Construction Plans" 2232: 12244: 11722: 10815: 10060: 9848: 9510: 9473: 8901: 7018: 3344: 2721: 1516: 1014: 372: 44: 6703: 4783: 3631:"U.N. ACCEPTS GIFTs FOR NEW BUILDINGS; Private Donations Will Be Used to Complete and Furnish East River Headquarters" 12557: 11444: 11305: 11047: 10800: 10484: 10216: 10085: 9816: 9796: 9736: 9721: 9200: 9093: 8032:"U.N. Breaks Ground for Home Tuesday; $ 500,000 Excavation Contract Awarded – O'Dwyer to Take Part in Brief Ceremony" 6353: 4992:"BRITISH DELAY HITS U.N. BUILDING WORK; Failure to Deliver Limestone Holds Up Assembly Hall and May Bar 1952 Session" 3713:"WORK ON U.N. SITE BEHIND SCHEDULE; Moses Blames 'Metropolitan Difficulties' for 2-Month Lag – City Doing All It Can" 2456: 2009: 1677: 8494: 6759: 6635: 4581:"NORWAY MAKES BID TO EQUIP U.N. ROOM; Offer to Decorate and Furnish Security Council Chamber Is Accepted Informally" 4089:"CORNERSTONE FETE POSTPONED BY U. N.; Lie Puts Off Indefinitely the Plan Set for April 10 Here as Truman Drops Trip" 3586:"U.N. MAY CONVERT A BUILDING ON SITE; Rising Costs Cause the Capital Planners to Consider Using Manhattan Structure" 515:

and 48th Streets, on between 17 and 18 acres (6.9 and 7.3 ha) of land purchased from the real estate developer

12567: 12254: 11452: 10711: 9880: 9042: 8870: 6086:, Fred A. Bernstein: "United Nations Should Move to World Trade Center Site". November 6, 2001, column archived at 5805: 5174:"LIBRARY FACILITIES OF U. N. RESTRICTED; $ 3,000,000 Building Needed but Only Key to Problem Would be Private Gift" 2044: 1454:

of the complex stands a line of flagpoles where the flags of all 193 UN member states, 2 observer states, plus the

969: 829: 813: 451: 4130:"TRUMAN TO SPEAK AT U.N. DEDICATION; Accepts Invitation to Ceremony at New Headquarters Site in Manhattan Oct. 24" 3271: 2865:"U.N. Capital Plans Stress Function; Final Sketches Are Revealed – 'Workshops for Peace' Aim of the Ten Designers" 458:) in 1996. These adjunct offices help represent UN interests, facilitate diplomatic activities, and enjoy certain 12490: 11977: 11207: 11187: 10467: 9885: 9870: 9439: 9415: 7993:"U.N. Soon to Open Part of New Unit; South Section of Three-Story Underground Garage Will Receive Cars by July 5" 6293: 2384: 2332: 1970:(UNA-USA), a non-governmental organization, holds an annual "member's day" event in one of the conference rooms. 1956: 1851: 1520: 1483: 1368: 1150: 1050: 471: 443: 435: 423: 419: 6685:

U.S. Mission to the United Nations, 799 United Nations Plaza, New York, NY 10017: Environmental Impact Statement

4249:"CITY TO ADD LAND FOR U.N. APPROACH; Board Votes to Take Over Strip for Widening of Street to Speed Development" 3001:

Atwater, Elton (April 1976). "Philadelphia's Quest to Become the Permanent Headquarters of the United Nations".

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purchased an option for Zeckendorf's waterfront land in Turtle Bay. The purchase was funded by Nelson's father,

12532: 12357: 12264: 12078: 11401: 10911: 10065: 9589: 9525: 9427: 3672:"U.N. TO ASK NATIONS TO DO DECORATING; 58 Countries and 48 States to Be Called On for Aid at East Side Capital" 2038: 1548:

designed a 9-foot-tall (2.7 m) teak sculpture of a woman on one wall. The chamber contains two paintings:

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and office towers. However, the US$ 8.5 million ($ 86 million in 2023) for X City never materialized, and

427: 12274: 12208: 10759: 10677: 10598: 10556: 10516: 10444: 10125: 10050: 10035: 9364: 2298: 1980: 1770: 1748: 1693: 1353: 1349: 973: 805: 650: 532: 11617: 7756: 3777:"ASSEMBLY HAILS U.N. SITE PROGRESS; Without a Dissent, It Votes Formal Thanks to U.S. and to City and State" 1912:, the subject of the relocation of the UN headquarters was again discussed, this time for security reasons. 730:, between 46th Street to the south and 49th Street to the north. These plans were eventually downsized into 12453: 11851: 11775: 10665: 10526: 9296: 8785: 7780:"U.N. Capital Model Shows Much Glass; Massive Panes and Thousands. of Small Ones Mark a Radical New Design" 7173: 1850:, by Jacqueline de la Baume Dürrbach, is on the wall of the United Nations building at the entrance to the 1217:

Due to funding shortfalls in the 1980s, the UN diverted funding from its headquarters' maintenance fund to

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of the headquarters was originally supposed to be laid on April 10, 1949. However, in March of that year,

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and, by the 1910s, a gas company building on the site of the current UN headquarters. The development of

11717: 9900: 7667: 5215:"EVERY LANGUAGE IN U.N.'S LIBRARY; Official Documents of All World's Governments Find Their Way Into It" 5214: 5173: 5131: 5090: 5027: 4991: 4954: 4810: 4742: 4662: 4621: 4580: 4538: 4497: 4412: 4371: 4330: 4289: 4248: 4207: 4129: 4088: 4009: 3965: 3924: 3882: 3817: 3776: 3712: 3671: 3630: 3585: 3430: 3366: 2257: 2183: 1736: 1640: 1439: 581: 380: 11841: 11632: 11561: 11546: 10940: 10920: 10915: 10536: 10499: 10494: 10080: 9828: 9500: 9388: 6062: 4743:"U. N. Rejects 'Model Playground; Moses' Project Is Accepted Instead; MODEL PLAY AREA REJECTED BY U.N." 4453: 2977:, (Cambridge, MA and London, England: MIT Press and the Architectural History Foundation, 1994) p. 314 2049: 1455: 1242: 1202: 1078: 861: 6475:"Coronavirus update: UN addresses school disruptions, suspends public access to New York Headquarters" 4539:"RUSH JOB EXTENDS AREA OF U.N. SITE; Section Carrying Acreage Over Roosevelt Drive Speeded Into Place" 856:

due to the city's proximity to their countries. The UN and many of its delegates seriously considered

12378: 11946: 11591: 10269: 10255: 10143: 9786: 9691: 9674: 9345: 7451: 6812: 3057: 3030: 2688: 1874: 1181: 925: 873: 785: 714: 12147: 11193: 10905: 8524: 7726: 1896: 731: 12373: 11825: 11627: 11622: 11581: 11576: 11571: 10561: 10546: 10131: 1991: 1948: 1756: 1740: 1672: 1668: 1611: 1206: 1198: 945: 921: 901: 789: 536: 392: 352: 315: 11143: 8939: 2354: 12438: 12433: 12428: 12423: 12418: 12413: 12408: 12403: 12398: 12393: 12388: 12223: 12177: 11815: 11637: 11053: 10506: 9289: 8525:"An 'element of inspiration and calm' at UN Headquarters – art in the life of the United Nations" 6015: 5917: 1960: 1713: 1689: 1251: 1177: 1105: 889: 556: 512: 360: 356: 8183: 7889:

Manly, Chesly (December 18, 1949). "Sumptuous UN Headquarters 60 Percent Finished; Ready 1951".

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pamphlets. The library's Economic and Social Affairs Collection is housed in the DC-2 building.

1201:, an office building on 44th Street just outside the UN complex, was completed in 1975 with the 12485: 12352: 12279: 12053: 12048: 11750: 10593: 10055: 9776: 8839: 6383: 2534: 1888:

masterpiece, succumbed to lead poisoning from the pigments his doctors advised him to abandon.

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Harr, John Ensor; Johnson, Peter J. (1988). "Estate offered as site for the UN headquarters".

2491: 2408: 2026:(1959). The UN did not give producers permission to film at its headquarters until 2005, when 1778:. The latter sculpture is the only appearance of the "swords into plowshares" quotation, from 12347: 12028: 11662: 11556: 11479: 10820: 10792: 10784: 10581: 10479: 10192: 9634: 9355: 9246: 7974: 7951: 7925: 7894: 7871: 7848: 7095: 6939: 6683: 6209: 5930: 5787: 3863: 3758: 3476: 3412: 2845: 2751: 2461: 1976: 1915:

Among the cities that have been proposed to house the headquarters of the United Nations are

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is most predominantly featured in depictions of the headquarters, it also includes the domed

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operators consider the UN headquarters a separate "entity" under some award programs such as

981: 869: 520: 415: 340: 10936: 10623: 3536:"International Law: Jurisdictional Immunity of United Nations Employees: The Gubitchev Case" 12312: 12162: 12093: 12038: 11805: 11785: 11780: 11770: 11765: 11760: 11652: 11647: 11642: 11541: 11536: 11531: 11526: 11521: 11414: 10887: 10810: 10774: 10769: 10721: 10452: 9701: 8985:"Russia vetoes House of Cards from filming at the United Nations' Security Council chamber" 8414: 8388: 8362: 8243: 4622:"Moses Wants Acre of Land In U. N. Site for Playground; MOSES WANTS ACRE OF U. N. PROPERTY" 3058:"Saint Louis Invites the United Nations | University of Missouri-St. Louis Digital Library" 2085: 1971: 1472: 705: 693:). The design process for the United Nations headquarters formally began in February 1947. 10542:

International Decade for a Culture of Peace and Non-Violence for the Children of the World

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New York 1960: Architecture and Urbanism Between the Second World War and the Bicentennial

6228: 5876: 5404:"Civic Group Urges Expansion of U.N. To Tract on South; U.N. MAY EXPAND TO TRACT ON SOUTH" 5091:"21 NATIONS DONATE TO U.N.; Gifts of $ 500,000 Value Accepted for Building and Decor Here" 4010:"U. N. to Make $ 2,250,000 Steel Contract Soon To Start Second Unit of East River Project" 3005:. Pennsylvania: The Historical Society of Pennsylvania; University of Pennsylvania Press. 2908:. Architectural History Foundation Series. Architectural History Foundation. p. 236. 1955:, but it is too small to accommodate large demonstrations. The closest location where the 1866: 1563:

was responsible for the Security Council chamber. The lowest parts of the walls contained

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to the east. Completed in 1952, the complex consists of several structures, including the

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Per an agreement with the city, the buildings met some but not all local fire safety and

817: 610: 459: 125: 9327: 8672:"Russian Lawmaker: Move United Nations Headquarters To Neutral Country Like Switzerland" 8294: 7704: 5744:"International Symbol of Neglect; U. N. Building, Unimproved in 50 Years, Shows Its Age" 2945:. New York: Miriam and Ira D. Wallach Art Gallery, Columbia University. pp. 90–91. 1805: 1728: 1650: 1581: 710: 12167: 12098: 11956: 11905: 10643: 9189: 9150: 8619: 8267: 6506:"U.N. headquarters in New York to slash staff presence for four weeks over coronavirus" 5365:"News of Realty: U.N. Leases Space; Offices for 2 Agencies Are Taken at 866 U.N. Plaza" 3555: 3305: 3141: 3006: 2451: 2022: 1997: 1846: 1311: 1307: 1299: 1295: 1259: 1155: 1143: 937: 893: 777: 769: 606: 552: 516: 139: 11474: 7608: 6973: 1327:

View from First Avenue towards the library, Secretariat and General Assembly buildings

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Sources vary on whether the site is 17 acres (6.9 ha) or 18 acres (7.3 ha).

1952: 1783: 1696:. The Office of Internal Oversight Services (OIOS) is located at 380 Madison Avenue. 1631: 1560: 1303: 1291: 1279: 964:) from March to August 1946. Between 1946 and 1950, the General Assembly met at the 885: 881: 756: 511:

The headquarters of the United Nations occupies a site beside the East River between

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New York 2000: Architecture and Urbanism Between the Bicentennial and the Millennium

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1017:. However, the full loan was initially withheld due to a case regarding UN employee 686: 12448: 12187: 11795: 11790: 11755: 11687: 11369: 10209: 10149: 10119: 9801: 9495: 8095: 6438:"Facing 'Cash-Flow Crisis,' the U.N. Cuts Hiring, Heating, Escalators and the A.C." 6110:"Without Action Now, the UN Capital Master Plan Is Not Going Anywhere Anytime Soon" 4883: 4846: 4413:"U.N. Will Ask World for Furniture Bids; 37 Nations May Yield Skyscraper Proposals" 4170: 4074: 3547: 2002: 1916: 1709: 1649:

gave a grant to the United Nations for the construction of a new library building;

1054: 765: 727: 467: 388: 160: 103: 94: 76: 36: 8871:"Evo Morales pide cambiar sede de la ONU, idea es viable pero falta una propuesta" 8727: 1487: 12182: 11941: 11900: 11895: 11586: 9572: 9250: 9214: 9175: 9128: 8217: 7978: 7898: 7875: 6729: 6095: 5612:"NEWS OF REALTY: U.N. RENTS SPACE; Acts to Ease Overcrowding at Its Headquarters" 5442:"Ford Offers Help to School at U.N.; Private Institution Planned at Headquarters" 3867: 3762: 3480: 3416: 2903: 2849: 2755: 2126: 2071: 1859: 1829: 1654: 1646: 1451: 1414:. For communications, UN organizations have their own internationally recognized 1411: 1390:

sent to this address is sterilized, so items that may be degraded can be sent by

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system because the 72-by-287-foot (22 by 87 m) structure was so narrow. The

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Captain America and the Crusade Against Evil: The Dilemma Of Zealous Nationalism

7955: 7929: 7852: 7099: 6943: 6213: 5934: 5791: 4811:"450 of U.n. Staff Occupy New Site; U.n. Employes Commence Work in New Quarters" 2107: 1418:, 4U. However, only contacts made with the UN Headquarters in New York, and the 12157: 11920: 11383: 11325: 10950: 10891: 9312: 8781: 8649: 8073: 7421:. Stockholm Sweden: Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Sweden,Göteborgstryckeriet. 6474: 3213: 2812: 2121: 2016: 1906: 1779: 1545: 1528: 1038: 961: 957: 865: 698: 674: 662: 654: 630: 524: 396: 336: 278: 11133: 7436: 7388:"Remarks at inauguration of the renovated Economic and Social Council chamber" 2410:

The law of the United Nations: a critical analysis of its fundamental problems

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Munn, Bruce W. (October 11, 1952). "U.N. to Open New Assembly Hall Tuesday".

6861: 6448: 6148: 6087: 6028: 5987: 5926: 5888: 5755: 5713: 5662: 5623: 5569: 5531: 5492: 5453: 5415: 5376: 5337: 5229: 5188: 5146: 5105: 5042: 5006: 4969: 4825: 4757: 4715: 4677: 4636: 4595: 4553: 4512: 4427: 4386: 4345: 4304: 4263: 4222: 4144: 4103: 4024: 3980: 3939: 3897: 3832: 3791: 3727: 3686: 3645: 3600: 3445: 3381: 3314: 3150: 2876: 2781: 2649: 2579: 2272: 2198: 1841: 1801: 1705: 1407: 1238: 1026: 1001: 977: 944:. Prior to the completion of the current headquarters, the UN used part of a 781: 761: 646: 540: 348: 190: 177: 156: 135: 9210: 9179: 9171: 9103: 7007: 3340: 2960: 2710: 2397:

referring to the office at Vienna as "the third United Nations Headquarters"

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on its upper stories. Another office tower outside the headquarters proper,

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Map of the United Nations headquarters in Dutch. The green rectangle is the

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issues stamps, which must be used on stamped mail sent from the building.

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The currency in use at the United Nations headquarters' businesses is the

1282:. During the pandemic, the UN furloughed some of its headquarters' staff. 12142: 11910: 11657: 10805: 10619:

Standard Minimum Rules for the Treatment of Prisoners (the Mandela Rules)

7835:

Pett, Saul (October 23, 1949). "U.N. Lops Off Extras, Like Any Builder".

6751: 6627: 5326:"Crowded U.N. Seeks More Office Space; U.N. Seeks Space to Ease Crowding" 1821: 1787: 1761: 1345: 1121: 1086: 853: 845: 837: 821: 439: 6835:(at the time the article was printed, there were only 179 member states) 3010: 2065: 1684:

Building (807 UN Plaza) are also part of headquarters. In addition, the

734:, a small plaza on the south side of 47th Street east of Second Avenue. 12088: 12043: 12023: 11697: 11596: 11425: 11387: 11373: 11013: 11003: 10706: 9771: 8751:"Will the UN move to Montreal – and how will it affect the waterfront?" 5481:"Towers, Parks and Walkways Are Included in Proposal for U.N. 'Campus'" 3559: 3120:

The Rockefeller Century: Three Generations of America's Greatest Family

1947:

Large scale protests, demonstrations, and other gatherings directly on

1855: 1765: 1568:

Security Council. The artwork in the Security Council chamber includes

1447: 1415: 1341: 1234: 1114: 1093: 1074: 602: 560: 544: 364: 11113: 8840:"The UN can bring peace to Jerusalem by moving its headquarters there" 6850:"Abstract Murals Are Being Painted With Secrecy in U.N. Assembly Hall" 2380: 2324: 12058: 11488: 11223: 11197: 11183: 11083: 8468:"Hidden Treasures: What's so controversial about Picasso's Guernica?" 8153:"Land Deal With U.N. Would Fill a Big Gap in the Waterfront Greenway" 6256: 6254: 5559:"UNICEF, Going Against Trend, Plans Big Expansion; Notes on the U.N." 1928: 1573: 1540: 1443: 1380: 1109: 877: 841: 793: 682: 547:

on the site was proposed in 1925, but it proved to be too expensive.

431: 384: 152: 11063: 11043: 11033: 11023: 10983: 3925:"U.N. to Establish Prayer Chamber Of All Faiths in New Headquarters" 3551: 1323: 746: 12218: 11311: 11301: 11263: 11243: 11213: 11163: 11153: 9696: 9684: 2302: 1920: 1883:) are located at the delegates hall. The works are a gift from the 1837: 1764:

revolver with its barrel tied in a knot, which was a gift from the

1247: 888:. The Manhattan site was ultimately chosen over Philadelphia after 528: 11356: 11335: 11291: 11281: 11253: 11233: 11173: 11123: 11103: 10993: 10973: 7752: 6251: 3086: 1362:

United States District Court for the Southern District of New York

12063: 11601: 11339: 11073: 10614:

Standard Minimum Rules for the Administration of Juvenile Justice

9281: 7179:. United Nations Department for General Assembly and Conference. 6016:"At a Longstanding Playground, Yet Another Plan to End the Games" 5253: 5251: 3883:"U. N. Lets $ 23,809,573 Contract For Its Permanent Headquarters" 3182: 3178:"Did the United Nations really have headquarters on Long Island?" 2132: 1932: 1813: 1391: 1263: 833: 801: 690: 626: 447: 408: 339:(UN) is on 17 to 18 acres (6.9 to 7.3 ha) of grounds in the 8724:"Russia may call for moving U.N. from New York to St Petersburg" 8295:"Piece of Berlin Wall, a gift of Germany, unveiled at UN garden" 4921:"Big Voice Communications Center Serves New UN Home in New York" 2975:

A Workshop for Peace: Designing the United Nations Headquarters

2808:"Oscar Niemeyer and the United Nations Headquarters (1947–1949)" 1383:. The UN's stamps are issued in denominations of the US dollar. 11167: 9761: 9679: 9649: 9614: 2905:

A Workshop for Peace: Designing the United Nations Headquarters

1983:

hosts its UN summer study program at the headquarters as well.

1825: 1615: 1169: 913: 897: 797: 666: 658: 642: 634: 490: 482: 8555:"Evo Morales pidió cambiar sede de Asamblea General de la ONU" 6137:"Renovation of U.N. Complex Stalled by U.S., an Official Says" 5248: 2093: 411:

for the UN headquarters or for the United Nations as a whole.

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Stern, Robert A. M.; Mellins, Thomas; Fishman, David (1995).

6892:"Touching-Up the Legers: U.N. To Reopen with Murals Restored" 2226: 2224: 2222: 2220: 1924: 1817: 953: 941: 849: 455: 11397: 7950:. Vol. 120, no. 8. November 1, 1952. p. 129. 6263:"Retiring a U.N. Building Not Quite Fit for the World Stage" 3810: 2178: 2176: 2174: 1816:

and the opening of each General Assembly session; a Chinese

1430:

The complex includes a number of major buildings. While the

772:, coordinated efforts with the Coordinator of Construction, 9148:

Stern, Robert A. M.; Fishman, David; Tilove, Jacob (2006).

8963: 8961: 5289: 5287: 1387: 9113:"United Nations Headquarters; A Description and Appraisal" 8273:. William B. Eerdmans Publishing Co. p. book jacket. 7866:"U. N. Secretariat Building Nears the Topping Off Point". 7419:

Sweden in the United Nations : Dialogos by Ann Edholm

7273: 7271: 7269: 6407:"UN Makeover Sacrifices Hammarskjold Library for Security" 5837:

United Nations Secretariat: Renovation of a Modernist Icon

4452: 2250: 2217: 1968:

United Nations Association of the United States of America

1959:

usually allows demonstrators is Dag Hammarskjöld Plaza at

1885:

United Nations Association of the United States of America

1732:

Japanese Peace Bell, made out of coins donated by children

876:

location which would have placed the headquarters along a

750:

Flags of the member states, arranged in alphabetical order

9272:– historical overview, on the UN 60th Anniversary webpage 9130:

Capital of the World: The Race to Host the United Nations

8561:(in Spanish). Bogotá: Comunican S.A. September 24, 2013. 7946:"Features/Articles/People: The UN Secretariat Building". 6229:"After 10 Years and 3 Plans, U.N. Renovation Is in Sight" 5941: 5877:"After 10 Years and 3 Plans, U.N. Renovation Is in Sight" 4052:"U.N. Has Trimmed Its Housing Plan To Fit Its Pocketbook" 2746:"The U. N. Plans for Its New Headquarters in Manhattan". 2171: 1556:(Sacred Tree) on the right wall, a gift from Mozambique. 1262:

was hired as the new project architect. Engineering firm

1022: 270:

US$ 65 million (equivalent to $ 600 million in 2023)

11093: 9225: 8958: 8698:"Morales says UN headquarters must move from 'bully' US" 7819: 7520: 7518: 7516: 7503: 7501: 7166: 5284: 3089:"When the United Nations Almost Chose Philly For Its HQ" 3087:

Historical Society of Philadelphia (November 23, 2018).

2528: 2526: 2524: 2522: 2520: 2518: 2516: 1552:(Fire Codex) on the left wall, a gift from Ecuador, and 1270:

Officials hoped the renovated buildings would achieve a

936:

General Assembly sessions, in 1948 and 1951, met in the

9264: 9012: 9010: 8265:

Jewett, Robert; Lawrence, John Shelton (January 2003).

7370: 7368: 7355: 7353: 7266: 7217: 7215: 7213: 7211: 7209: 7207: 7205: 7203: 7201: 6558: 6556: 2358: 493:, are based at the UN's headquarters in New York City. 9270:

UN: Building an International Headquarters in New York

8776:

Salama, Vivian; AlKhalisi, Zahraa (January 14, 2010).

7340: 7338: 7336: 7334: 7332: 7156: 7154: 7152: 6813:"So proudly they wave ... flags of the United Nations" 5593: 5591: 2620: 2618: 2605: 2603: 2601: 1692:

as an interfaith space housing the offices of several

780:, to assemble acceptable interim facilities. Sites in 12039:

DoubleTree by Hilton Hotel Metropolitan New York City

8778:"UN Is Invited to Relocate to Dubai, Government Says" 8726:. Johnson's Russia List. May 14, 2001. Archived from 8589:"New York and the United Nations: Time for a divorce" 8339: 7635: 7623: 7539:"The Council Chambers in the UN Building in New York" 7513: 7498: 4458:"Steel Construction Launched for UN General Assembly" 3122:. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons. pp. 432–33. 2943:

The troubled search : the work of Max Abramovitz

2513: 543:, north of the current UN site, came in the 1920s. A 10572:

Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons

10522:

International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights

9022: 9007: 8807:

Kotkin, Joel; Cristiano, Robert (January 12, 2010).

7647: 7486: 7474: 7365: 7350: 7198: 7137: 7071: 6988: 6950: 6553: 6354:"United Nations Capital Master Plan: Current Status" 5953: 5681: 3274:. New York City Department of Parks and Recreation. 2061: 11476:

East Midtown (34th–59th Sts, east of Lexington Ave)

9186: 7329: 7221: 7149: 6994: 5588: 5295:"United Nations Opens Formal Gardens to the Public" 4888:"U.N. Moves in Officially At 39-Story Headquarters" 3026:"Detroit's Quixotic Bid to Host the United Nations" 2624: 2615: 2598: 2485: 2483: 2481: 1318: 864:offered to donate land in several areas, including 10629:Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons 9188: 9149: 9147: 8266: 7292: 7290: 7288: 7286: 6843: 6841: 6014: 5973: 5959: 5947: 5870: 5868: 5737: 5735: 5687: 5597: 3818:"4 Companies Join Forces To Construct U.N.'s Home" 3003:The Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography 2258:"4 Companies Join Forces To Construct U.N.'s Home" 1995:View of the headquarters in the 1959 MGM thriller 1688:(777 UN Plaza) is a private building owned by the 11361:International Conference on the Former Yugoslavia 10765:United Nations Prize in the Field of Human Rights 6782:"UN Headquarters' 4U1UN has been Back on the Air" 2562: 2560: 2381:"Welcome to the United Nations Office at Vienna!" 1104:In June 1949, UN officials wrote a letter to the 485:, are located at the headquarters. However, some 12519: 8023: 7941: 7939: 7597: 6604:. United Nations. August 8, 2005. Archived from 6061:. Associated Press. May 10, 2005. Archived from 5828: 4882: 4845: 4169: 3298:"Designation of Building Confuses U.N. Audience" 2478: 1793:Other prominent artworks on the grounds include 1500:President of the United Nations General Assembly 1241:to design a building on the Moses site, but the 462:, but do not contain the seats of major organs. 10739:World Federation of United Nations Associations 10234:Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples 8806: 8775: 8321:""Chagall Window", United Nations Headquarters" 7985: 7771: 7299:"U.N. Art Problems: in United Nations Building" 7283: 7236:"Art for United Nations; Problems of Selection" 7227: 7174:"Accessibility Centre / Centre d'accessibilite" 7090:Bernstein, Fred A. (May 2005). "Neutral zone". 6885: 6883: 6838: 6726:"Security Notice – United Nations Headquarters" 6568: 6429: 6128: 5913: 5865: 5732: 5693: 5642: 2996: 2994: 2992: 8978: 8976: 8264: 7830: 7828: 7094:. Vol. 76, no. 7. pp. 248–249. 6921: 6919: 6917: 6380:"United Nations Capital Master Plan: Timeline" 5806:"U.N. wants aging home in New York fixed soon" 5550: 2856: 2762: 2557: 1951:are rare. Some gatherings have taken place in 11460: 10865: 9297: 8940:"Seton Hall intensive Summer Program UNA-USA" 7936: 7912:"'Forgotten Man' Buttons on U.N. Elevators". 2535:"The U.N.: One Among Many Ideas for the Site" 12125: 11952:Neighborhood Playhouse School of the Theatre 10634:Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons 9240: 9083: 9028: 9016: 8967: 8345: 8062: 7962: 7882: 7859: 7815: 7813: 7719: 7653: 7641: 7629: 7524: 7507: 7492: 7480: 7374: 7359: 7344: 7277: 7160: 7143: 7077: 7041: 7039: 7017:. Vol. 100. October 1952. p. 146. 6956: 6880: 6562: 2989: 2679: 2677: 2675: 2673: 2671: 2609: 1607:Assembly and Conference Management (DGACM). 1461: 601:were well known. The diminutive site on the 99:Штаб-квартира Организации Объединённых Наций 9245:. Vol. 14, no. 2. February 1977. 8973: 8582: 8580: 7905: 7825: 7443: 7083: 6914: 6578:. United Nations. July 2006. Archived from 6197: 6167: 5907: 5844:Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat 5798: 5774: 3851: 3746: 3464: 3400: 3117: 2832: 2739: 2711:"Architects Nominated To U.N. Design Board" 2568:"U.N. Looks to U.S. For $ 1.3 Billion Loan" 1626: 1482:The General Assembly Building, housing the 1458:, are flown in English alphabetical order. 1168:intention to rent office space nearby. The 907: 11467: 11453: 10872: 10858: 10727:Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action 10639:UN Advisory Committee of Local Authorities 9304: 9290: 9276:Agreement Establishing the UN headquarters 8769: 7106: 6804: 6576:"The Story of United Nations Headquarters" 5975:"Japanese Architect Wins U.N. Competition" 5834: 5651:"Office Building-Hotel for U.N. Is Opened" 5028:"Work Is Under Way on Final U.n. Building" 3240:"The Story of United Nations Headquarters" 2703: 2446: 2444: 2442: 2413:. The Lawbook Exchange, Ltd. p. 350. 1536:was installed during the 2013 renovation. 1285: 1222:to manufacture its own replacement parts. 1120:The Secretariat Building was ceremonially 904:, was deemed too isolated from Manhattan. 11678:Ford Foundation Center for Social Justice 9110: 8700:. Inside Costa Rica. September 26, 2013. 8403: 8175: 8144: 7810: 7296: 7233: 7089: 7036: 6847: 6718: 6435: 6077: 5742:Wren, Christopher S. (October 24, 1999). 5649:Tomasson, Robert E. (November 21, 1975). 4952: 4851:"UN moves into new building in NYC today" 4740: 2720:. Vol. 110. March 1947. p. 14. 2685:"Fact Sheet: United Nations Headquarters" 2668: 2032:was filmed there. According to architect 383:. The complex was designed by a board of 10156:Conference on International Organization 8868: 8749:DeWolf, Christopher (October 25, 2007). 8577: 8459: 8313: 8181: 8150: 8114: 7666:Hamilton, Thomas J. (October 10, 1953). 7665: 6660:. Unmultimedia.org. September 10, 2003. 6107: 5648: 5556: 5323: 5063:Childers, Erskine (September 29, 1995). 5062: 5056: 4989: 4290:"Ask Bids This Week on U. N. Overpasses" 3881:Hamilton, Thomas J. (January 28, 1949). 3880: 3175: 3169: 2231:Hamilton, Thomas J. (October 10, 1952). 2230: 1990: 1895: 1862:dubbed the other work "Scrambled Eggs". 1735: 1727: 1630: 1471: 1468:United Nations General Assembly Building 1322: 1127:United Nations General Assembly Building 896:to buy the land after the Rockefellers' 745: 741: 704: 589: 575: 414:The headquarters holds the seats of the 325:Fuller, Turner, Slattery, and Walsh 12543:Modernist architecture in New York City 11988:The Westin New York Grand Central Hotel 11983:Millennium Hilton New York One UN Plaza 10071:Office international d'hygiène publique 8716: 8638: 8626:from the original on September 27, 2011 8620:"Merits of Moving the UN HQ to Baghdad" 8611: 8258: 8232: 8029: 7777: 7693: 7585:from the original on September 19, 2020 7536: 7456:Cooper Hewitt Smithsonian Design Museum 6706:from the original on September 10, 2015 6594: 6503: 6330:. Associated Press. February 11, 2009. 6055:"U.N. may move to Brooklyn temporarily" 6012: 5609: 5518:Teltsch, Kathleen (November 12, 1969). 5517: 5478: 5401: 5171: 4741:Louchheim, Aline B. (October 7, 1951). 4663:"Moses Faces Rebuff on U.N. Playground" 4578: 3922: 3628: 3533: 3495:"Spy Charge May Adversely Affect Bills" 3470: 3134:"Press Is Irritated by Seating in U.N." 3000: 2940: 2862: 2450: 2439: 1891: 1595: 1496:Secretary-General of the United Nations 1374: 12578:Government buildings completed in 1952 12520: 9866:Spokesperson for the Secretary-General 9043:"A Thriller Stars the U.N., as Itself" 8899: 8877:(in Spanish). San José: Grupo Nación. 8869:Castillo, Diego (September 25, 2013). 8748: 8704:from the original on November 13, 2013 8486: 8377: 8327:from the original on February 24, 2019 8102:from the original on December 11, 2010 8030:Barrett, George (September 12, 1948). 7778:Barrett, George (September 17, 1947). 7759:from the original on November 29, 2010 7745: 7579:United Nations Multimedia Organisation 7546:Scandinavian Journal of Design History 7416: 7398:from the original on December 25, 2017 6889: 6810: 6752:"United Nations Postal Administration" 6728:. United Nations. 2001. Archived from 6549:from the original on October 17, 2015. 6533: 6531: 6405:Dunlap, David W. (September 3, 2015). 6404: 6316: 6291: 6285: 6273:from the original on December 22, 2017 6260: 6239:from the original on November 30, 2012 5972:Iovine, Julie V. (February 14, 2004). 5971: 5895:from the original on November 30, 2012 5780: 5699: 5630:from the original on December 30, 2018 5538:from the original on December 30, 2018 5499:from the original on December 30, 2018 5422:from the original on December 30, 2018 5402:Teltsch, Kathleen (December 6, 1966). 5383:from the original on December 30, 2018 5362: 5344:from the original on December 30, 2018 5305:from the original on December 29, 2018 4722:from the original on December 27, 2017 4175:"Dewey Urges UN Power to Enforce Acts" 3202: 2901: 2545:from the original on December 27, 2017 2489: 2427:from the original on February 22, 2017 2406: 1505: 519:Sr. At the time, the site was part of 12474: 12300: 12124: 11872: 11503: 11448: 10853: 10780:UN television film series (1964–1966) 10532:International Narcotics Control Board 10463:Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty 10251:Declaration on the Rights of Peasants 10222:Convention on the Rights of the Child 10200:Universal Declaration of Human Rights 9285: 9126: 9040: 8995:from the original on January 28, 2022 8982: 8902:"Court Bans Peace March In Manhattan" 8881:from the original on February 2, 2017 8850:from the original on February 2, 2017 8819:from the original on February 2, 2017 8678:from the original on February 2, 2017 8617: 8599:from the original on February 1, 2017 8565:from the original on February 1, 2017 8535:from the original on November 3, 2011 8517: 8505:from the original on January 19, 2012 8495:"Art...at home in the United Nations" 8492: 8474:from the original on October 26, 2011 8465: 8429: 8351: 8287: 8182:Haberman, Clyde (February 25, 2005). 8151:Foderaro, Lisa (September 30, 2011). 8132:from the original on January 11, 2012 8128:. City of New York. October 5, 2011. 7945: 7888: 7449: 7234:Louchheim, Aline B. (June 17, 1951). 6825:from the original on January 19, 2012 6638:from the original on December 3, 2013 6417:from the original on January 15, 2016 6304:from the original on January 27, 2012 6226: 6220: 6203: 6101: 5557:Nossiter, Bernard D. (June 7, 1981). 5172:Bracker, Milton (December 21, 1952). 4784:"Lie Helps to Open First Ave. Tunnel" 4004: 4002: 3624: 3622: 3367:"Truman Asks Loan for U.n. Buildings" 3347:from the original on October 16, 2011 3343:. Arrt's Arrchives. August 14, 2004. 3333: 3278:from the original on October 26, 2020 3252:from the original on January 10, 2020 3232: 3068:from the original on October 17, 2022 3023: 2838: 2400: 2373: 2335:from the original on October 24, 2011 1986: 1865:Two large murals by Brazilian artist 12573:1950 establishments in New York City 12240:Church Center for the United Nations 11128:United Nations Special Service Medal 10931:United Nations Emergency Force Medal 10604:United Nations Postal Administration 10239:Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues 9958:Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs 9111:Churchill, Henry Stern (July 1952). 8837: 8586: 8447:from the original on August 28, 2017 8206: 7834: 7112: 6925: 6848:Rosenthal, A. M. (August 29, 1952). 6504:Nichols, Michelle (March 13, 2020). 6436:Gladstone, Rick (October 11, 2019). 6261:Dunlap, David W. (January 7, 2016). 6134: 5874: 5741: 5702:"Waging Peace in the United Nations" 5479:Teltsch, Kathleen (April 21, 1968). 5363:Clines, Francis X. (April 8, 1965). 4808: 4049: 2533:Gray, Christopher (April 25, 2010). 2532: 2291: 1942: 1786:across First Avenue. A piece of the 1686:Church Center for the United Nations 1477:United Nations General Assembly Hall 1396:United Nations Postal Administration 1331:The site of the UN headquarters has 1174:United Nations Development Programme 1101:laid the headquarters' cornerstone. 1013:made available immediately from the 757:the former League of Nations complex 470:through a treaty agreement with the 391:and built by the architectural firm 12553:Buildings of the Rockefeller family 12214:Lyceum Kennedy International School 11973:The Benjamin Royal Sonesta New York 11673:Edgar J. Kaufmann Conference Center 10007:Permanent representatives to the UN 9896:Political and Peacebuilding Affairs 9227:"U.N. Headquarters Progress Report" 9084:Betsky, Aaron; Murphy, Ben (2005). 8900:Saulny, Susan (February 11, 2003). 8646:"Iran pursues relocation of UN HQs" 8587:Park, Katrin (September 23, 2013). 8531:. FindArticles.com. December 1990. 8194:from the original on April 18, 2009 7733:from the original on March 19, 2011 7555:from the original on April 10, 2022 7462:from the original on August 2, 2021 7125:from the original on August 2, 2022 7059:from the original on August 5, 2022 6664:from the original on April 27, 2015 6528: 6516:from the original on August 7, 2020 6324:"U.N. Renovation Cost Jumps $ 400M" 6227:Hodge, Warren (November 28, 2007). 6116:from the original on April 21, 2009 5700:Newell, David (November 13, 1983). 5324:Hamilton, Thomas J. (May 7, 1962). 3190:from the original on April 11, 2021 3176:Schifman, Jonathan (June 1, 2017). 3099:from the original on March 27, 2019 3038:from the original on March 27, 2019 1900:United Nations logo in headquarters 1602:United Nations Secretariat Building 531:buildings, as well as the original 395:, with final projects developed by 71: 16:Group of buildings in New York City 13: 12528:Headquarters of the United Nations 12475: 12301: 10816:Withdrawal from the United Nations 10002:Security Council Permanent members 9311: 9278:– with information on legal status 8920:from the original on July 26, 2022 8753:. Spacing Montreal. Archived from 8301:from the original on June 16, 2013 8050:from the original on July 26, 2022 8011:from the original on July 26, 2022 7798:from the original on July 25, 2022 7681:from the original on July 31, 2022 7668:"Work Completed on U.N. Buildings" 7317:from the original on July 27, 2022 7297:Louchheim, Aline (June 24, 1951). 7254:from the original on July 27, 2022 7024:from the original on March 6, 2023 6902:from the original on July 31, 2022 6868:from the original on July 31, 2022 6485:from the original on July 27, 2020 6455:from the original on July 28, 2022 6294:"'A time of rebirth' at U.N. site" 6185:from the original on July 28, 2022 6155:from the original on July 28, 2022 6035:from the original on July 28, 2022 5994:from the original on July 28, 2022 5875:Hoge, Warren (November 28, 2007). 5853:from the original on June 19, 2021 5816:from the original on July 28, 2022 5762:from the original on July 28, 2022 5720:from the original on July 28, 2022 5669:from the original on July 28, 2022 5576:from the original on July 28, 2022 5460:from the original on June 27, 2020 5272:from the original on July 31, 2022 5236:from the original on July 31, 2022 5195:from the original on July 31, 2022 5153:from the original on July 31, 2022 5112:from the original on July 31, 2022 4764:from the original on July 31, 2022 4684:from the original on July 31, 2022 4643:from the original on July 31, 2022 4602:from the original on July 31, 2022 4560:from the original on July 31, 2022 4519:from the original on July 31, 2022 4474:from the original on July 31, 2022 4434:from the original on July 31, 2022 4393:from the original on July 31, 2022 4352:from the original on July 31, 2022 4311:from the original on July 31, 2022 4270:from the original on July 31, 2022 4229:from the original on July 31, 2022 4151:from the original on July 31, 2022 4110:from the original on July 31, 2022 4031:from the original on July 31, 2022 3999: 3987:from the original on July 31, 2022 3946:from the original on July 31, 2022 3923:Barrett, George (April 18, 1949). 3904:from the original on July 31, 2022 3839:from the original on July 31, 2022 3798:from the original on July 31, 2022 3734:from the original on July 31, 2022 3693:from the original on July 31, 2022 3652:from the original on July 31, 2022 3619: 3607:from the original on July 31, 2022 3566:from the original on July 31, 2022 3511:from the original on July 31, 2022 3452:from the original on July 31, 2022 3388:from the original on July 31, 2022 3321:from the original on July 31, 2022 3157:from the original on July 31, 2022 2883:from the original on July 25, 2022 2788:from the original on July 25, 2022 2727:from the original on July 25, 2022 2656:from the original on July 25, 2022 2586:from the original on July 31, 2022 2501:from the original on July 23, 2012 2387:from the original on June 20, 2009 2279:from the original on July 31, 2022 2233:"Work Completed on U.N. Buildings" 2205:from the original on July 31, 2022 1824:was largely banned in 1989; and a 1804:window memorializing the death of 1771:Let Us Beat Swords into Plowshares 1661: 1015:Reconstruction Finance Corporation 24:Headquarters of the United Nations 14: 12589: 12548:Headquarters in the United States 10801:United Nations in popular culture 10485:Expulsion from the United Nations 10430:General Assembly President (2016) 9258: 9061:from the original on July 7, 2022 8946:from the original on June 4, 2020 8838:Bird, Eugene (November 3, 2014). 8648:. WilayahNews.com. Archived from 8618:Judge, Anthony (April 12, 2003). 8466:Cohen, David (February 6, 2003). 8297:. United Nations. April 4, 2002. 8184:"Act Globally, Get Stuck Locally" 8163:from the original on May 18, 2013 7222:Stern, Mellins & Fishman 1995 7186:from the original on July 8, 2022 7113:Yang, Andrew (February 1, 2005). 6995:Stern, Mellins & Fishman 1995 6811:Endrst, Elsa B. (December 1992). 6334:from the original on May 18, 2013 6108:Kjelstad, Carina (May 16, 2006). 5610:Teltsch, Kathleen (May 9, 1969). 4990:Sullivan, Walter (May 24, 1951). 3757:. November 25, 1948. p. 15. 3629:Barrett, George (March 4, 1950). 3024:Mires, Charlene (April 2, 2013). 2625:Stern, Mellins & Fishman 1995 2457:The Encyclopedia of New York City 2317: 2010:United Nations in popular culture 1820:carving made in 1974, before the 1723: 1699: 1578:president of the Security Council 559:The Rockefeller family owned the 39:in 2021; from left to right: the 12563:Tourist attractions in Manhattan 11420: 11409: 11396: 11382: 11368: 11355: 11334: 11324: 11310: 11300: 11290: 11280: 11262: 11252: 11242: 11232: 11222: 11212: 11202: 11192: 11182: 11172: 11162: 11152: 11142: 11132: 11122: 11112: 11102: 11092: 11082: 11072: 11062: 11052: 11042: 11032: 11022: 11012: 11002: 10992: 10982: 10972: 10949: 10935: 10925: 10910: 10881: 10833: 9034: 8932: 8893: 8862: 8831: 8800: 8742: 8690: 8664: 8547: 8413:. United Nations. Archived from 8387:. United Nations. Archived from 8361:. United Nations. Archived from 8242:. United Nations. Archived from 8216:. United Nations. Archived from 8088: 8072:. United Nations. Archived from 7703:. United Nations. Archived from 7659: 7607:. United Nations. Archived from 7567: 7548:. Vol. 15. pp. 18–19. 7530: 7410: 7392:United Nations Secretary-General 7380: 7000: 6972:. United Nations. Archived from 6962: 6792:from the original on May 1, 2021 6774: 6762:from the original on May 1, 2021 6744: 6692: 6676: 6650: 6620: 6497: 6467: 6398: 6372: 6346: 6175:"A $ 1B facelift for UN complex" 6047: 6006: 5965: 5960:Stern, Fishman & Tilove 2006 5948:Stern, Fishman & Tilove 2006 5688:Stern, Fishman & Tilove 2006 5598:Stern, Fishman & Tilove 2006 5268:. November 17, 1961. p. 5. 5259:"Hammarskjold Library Dedicated" 5071:from the original on May 6, 2009 4953:Rosenthal, A.M. (May 19, 1951). 4579:Barrett, George (July 1, 1950). 3862:. December 19, 1948. p. 1. 2922:from the original on May 1, 2021 2863:Barrett, George (May 22, 1947). 2750:. February 26, 1947. p. 1. 2687:. United Nations. Archived from 2301:. United Nations. Archived from 2299:"United Nations Visitors Centre" 2106: 2092: 2078: 2064: 2045:Superman IV: The Quest for Peace 1319:Extraterritoriality and security 1212: 29: 12491:Sniffen Court Historic District 10888:Orders, decorations, and medals 10389:International Court of Justice 9938:Sport for Development and Peace 9088:. London: Thames & Hudson. 9041:James, Caryn (April 28, 2005). 8983:Idato, Michael (July 2, 2014). 7870:. October 1, 1949. p. 20. 6890:Binlot, Ann (August 26, 2014). 6756:United Nations Office in Vienna 6628:"Q&A: Oil-for-food scandal" 6135:Hoge, Warren (April 18, 2006). 6013:Mindlin, Alex (April 1, 2007). 5812:. June 12, 2005. pp. 14A. 5603: 5511: 5472: 5434: 5395: 5356: 5317: 5207: 5165: 5124: 5083: 5020: 4983: 4946: 4913: 4876: 4839: 4802: 4776: 4734: 4696: 4655: 4614: 4572: 4531: 4490: 4446: 4405: 4364: 4323: 4282: 4241: 4200: 4163: 4122: 4081: 4050:Pett, Saul (October 23, 1949). 4043: 3958: 3916: 3874: 3769: 3705: 3664: 3578: 3527: 3487: 3423: 3359: 3309:. October 24, 1946. p. 4. 3290: 3264: 3126: 3111: 3080: 3050: 3017: 2980: 2967: 2934: 2895: 2816:. December 2014. Archived from 2800: 2630: 2490:Boland, Ed Jr. (June 8, 2003). 2146: 1957:New York City Police Department 1910:global surveillance disclosures 1484:United Nations General Assembly 1369:New York City Police Department 1151:New York City Housing Authority 1051:United Nations General Assembly 995: 972:, which had been built for the 477:None of the United Nations' 15 314:Board of designers mediated by 12358:East 34th Street Ferry Landing 12270:St. John the Evangelist Church 10066:Permanent Court of Arbitration 10061:International Peace Conference 9428:International Court of Justice 8214:"Luxembourg Mission to the UN" 7916:. March 19, 1950. p. B3. 7575:"The Security Council Chamber" 6292:Farley, Maggie (May 6, 2008). 3272:"Flushing Meadows Corona Park" 3145:. August 29, 1946. p. 3. 2347: 2039:The Pink Panther Strikes Again 1790:also stands in the UN garden. 1694:non-governmental organizations 1610:The wider western and eastern 1592:, contains diagonal paneling. 1360:, and all were charged in the 1162: 1004:. In April 1948, US President 924:, and the Security Council in 584:, the purple rectangle is the 428:International Court of Justice 1: 12538:Office buildings in Manhattan 12275:St. Vartan Armenian Cathedral 12209:High School of Art and Design 11884:Shops, restaurants, nightlife 11504: 10599:Sustainable Development Goals 10126:Declaration by United Nations 10051:International Telegraph Union 9195:. New York: Monacelli Press. 9156:. New York: Monacelli Press. 7820:Progressive Architecture 1950 4809:Falk, Sam (August 22, 1950). 3411:. April 1, 1948. p. 13. 2159: 1981:Whitehead School of Diplomacy 1749:United Nations Art Collection 1425: 806:Fairfield County, Connecticut 533:Eberhard Faber Pencil Factory 12332:Lexington Avenue/59th Street 12327:Lexington Avenue/51st Street 11852:Waterside Generating Station 11776:312 and 314 East 53rd Street 10527:International Criminal Court 9963:UN organizations by location 7973:. June 4, 1950. p. 58. 7727:"United Nations Disarmament" 7452:"One window, three curtains" 7450:Brown, Susan (May 9, 2013). 6181:. July 28, 2007. p. 7. 5835:Adlerstein, Michael (2015). 3504:. March 7, 1949. p. 2. 2164: 1067:Slattery Contracting Company 970:Flushing Meadows–Corona Park 814:Flushing Meadows–Corona Park 760:City boosters that included 592:, and the grey shape is the 588:, the blue trapezoid is the 487:autonomous subsidiary organs 7: 12509:Manhattan Community Board 6 12094:New York Marriott East Side 12084:Museum of the Peaceful Arts 11873: 11847:Kips Bay Generating Station 11713:United Nations headquarters 11552:Civic Club / Estonian House 10661:Security Council veto power 9968:Sexual Violence in Conflict 9891:Economic and Social Affairs 9462:Economic and Social Council 8437:"In praise of ... Guernica" 5132:"New U. N. Library Planned" 3534:Spencer, Melvin J. (1950). 2460:(2nd ed.). New Haven: 2057: 1743:in front of UN headquarters 1680:House (3 UN Plaza) and the 1590:Federal Republic of Germany 1544:journalists. Danish artist 1233:In 2002, Secretary General 976:and is now the site of the 920:of the General Assembly in 501: 460:extraterritorial privileges 108:Sede de las Naciones Unidas 10: 12594: 11842:East Side Airline Terminal 11633:Three United Nations Plaza 11618:One Dag Hammarskjöld Plaza 11547:Allerton 39th Street House 10941:United Nations Korea Medal 10921:United Nations Peace Medal 10916:Captain Mbaye Diagne Medal 10712:UN Memorial Cemetery Korea 10537:International Day of Peace 10019:General Assembly Observers 9342:General Assembly President 9236:. Vol. 31. June 1950. 9077: 7537:Glambek, Ingeborg (2005). 4454:United Press International 2007: 1746: 1638: 1599: 1465: 1243:New York State Legislature 1203:United Nations Plaza Hotel 1136: 1079:flag of the United Nations 1063:Walsh Construction Company 974:1939 New York World's Fair 862:government of Philadelphia 860:for the headquarters; the 836:, Michigan; and a site on 496: 407:is occasionally used as a 12503: 12481: 12470: 12366: 12340: 12322:Grand Central–42nd Street 12311: 12307: 12296: 12250:Church of the Holy Family 12232: 12196: 12135: 12131: 12120: 11996: 11965: 11934: 11883: 11879: 11868: 11834: 11743: 11728:General Assembly Building 11610: 11514: 11510: 11499: 11486: 11348: 10965: 10958: 10947: 10898: 10829: 10752: 10443: 10365: 10268: 10256:World Heritage Convention 10165: 10144:Dumbarton Oaks Conference 10106: 10043: 10034: 9980: 9854:General Assembly Building 9827: 9710: 9482: 9381: 9363: 9354: 9319: 8989:The Sydney Morning Herald 8674:. HNGN. August 31, 2015. 8493:Marks, Ed (Winter 1998). 7701:"Office of Legal Affairs" 6094:November 7, 2007, at the 1462:General Assembly Building 1436:General Assembly Building 715:General Assembly Building 594:General Assembly Building 571: 418:of the UN, including the 393:Harrison & Abramovitz 321: 316:Harrison & Abramovitz 310: 305: 297: 292: 284: 274: 266: 246: 226: 206: 167: 150:760 United Nations Plaza, 146: 131: 121: 116: 98: 80: 60: 56: 35:View of the complex from 28: 23: 12558:Oscar Niemeyer buildings 12126:Other points of interest 11718:Dag Hammarskjöld Library 11628:Two United Nations Plaza 11623:One United Nations Plaza 11582:Kips Bay Brewing Company 11577:Jonathan W. Allen Stable 11572:George S. Bowdoin Stable 11426:NATO Non-Article 5 Medal 11415:NATO Non-Article 5 Medal 10562:Military Staff Committee 9901:Dag Hammarskjöld Library 9404:Deputy Secretary-General 9333:Deputy Secretary-General 9234:Progressive Architecture 9127:Mires, Charlene (2013). 9029:Betsky & Murphy 2005 9017:Betsky & Murphy 2005 8968:Betsky & Murphy 2005 8942:. UNAUSA. July 7, 2016. 8809:"Move The U.N. To Dubai" 8411:"Norman Rockwell Mosaic" 8346:Betsky & Murphy 2005 8240:"Swords into Plowshares" 8096:"Investigations Hotline" 7891:The Atlanta Constitution 7654:Betsky & Murphy 2005 7642:Betsky & Murphy 2005 7630:Betsky & Murphy 2005 7525:Betsky & Murphy 2005 7508:Betsky & Murphy 2005 7493:Betsky & Murphy 2005 7481:Betsky & Murphy 2005 7375:Betsky & Murphy 2005 7360:Betsky & Murphy 2005 7144:Betsky & Murphy 2005 7078:Betsky & Murphy 2005 6957:Betsky & Murphy 2005 6563:Betsky & Murphy 2005 3341:"United Nations Station" 3093:Hidden City Philadelphia 2610:Betsky & Murphy 2005 2139: 1673:Two United Nations Plaza 1641:Dag Hammarskjöld Library 1635:Dag Hammarskjöld Library 1627:Dag Hammarskjöld Library 1440:Dag Hammarskjöld Library 1401: 1207:Two United Nations Plaza 1199:One United Nations Plaza 1055:George A. Fuller Company 946:Sperry Gyroscope Company 908:Previous temporary sites 902:Mount Pleasant, New York 582:Dag Hammarskjöld Library 381:Dag Hammarskjöld Library 12568:42nd Street (Manhattan) 12224:Stern College for Women 12178:Robert Moses Playground 11816:Rockefeller Guest House 11638:50 United Nations Plaza 10733:Woodrow Wilson Memorial 10695:UN International School 10690:UN Federal Credit Union 10671:Security Council reform 10507:Four Nations Initiative 10435:Security Council (2016) 10278:Security Council vetoes 9409:Under-Secretary-General 8385:"Chinese Ivory Carving" 7971:New York Herald Tribune 7868:New York Herald Tribune 6112:. Global Policy Forum. 5918:The Wall Street Journal 5067:. Global Policy Forum. 4059:Utica Observer-Dispatch 3860:New York Herald Tribune 3755:New York Herald Tribune 3502:Buffalo Courier-Express 3473:New York Herald Tribune 3409:New York Herald Tribune 3062:dl.mospace.umsystem.edu 2842:New York Herald Tribune 2748:New York Herald Tribune 1714:Robert Moses Playground 1690:United Methodist Church 1344:waived the immunity of 1286:International character 1252:World Trade Center site 1228:Ove Arup & Partners 1178:Robert Moses Playground 1106:American Bridge Company 890:John D. Rockefeller Jr. 557:John D. Rockefeller Jr. 506: 306:Design and construction 288:510 feet (155.3 m) 210:September 14, 1948 90:Siège des Nations unies 12353:Grand Central Terminal 12280:Sutton Place Synagogue 12245:Church of the Covenant 12148:Dag Hammarskjöld Plaza 11751:One Sutton Place South 10906:Dag Hammarskjöld Medal 10683:Security Council mural 10649:Millennium Declaration 10594:SDG Publishers Compact 10056:Universal Postal Union 8622:. Laetus in Praesens. 8159:. The New York Times. 7605:"The Security Council" 6970:"The General Assembly" 6658:"United Nations Photo" 5301:. September 19, 1958. 3210:"About Lehman College" 2941:Harwood, John (2004). 2464:. pp. 1349–1350. 2193:. September 15, 1948. 2005: 1901: 1744: 1741:Non-Violence sculpture 1733: 1636: 1479: 1358:Oil-for-Food Programme 1328: 966:New York City Building 950:Lake Success, New York 922:Methodist Central Hall 751: 732:Dag Hammarskjöld Plaza 718: 597: 363:to the north, and the 107: 89: 12533:Turtle Bay, Manhattan 12348:Grand Central Madison 12204:Cathedral High School 11663:Beaux-Arts Apartments 11592:Socony–Mobil Building 10821:Women in peacekeeping 10480:Drug control treaties 8757:on September 26, 2010 8365:on September 28, 2013 8359:"Japanese Peace Bell" 7611:on September 26, 2013 6758:. February 25, 2008. 6634:. September 7, 2005. 5037:. February 16, 1951. 4672:. December 17, 1949. 4631:. December 16, 1949. 4507:. December 23, 1949. 4465:Niagara Falls Gazette 4340:. December 22, 1949. 4258:. December 17, 1948. 3827:. December 19, 1948. 3786:. November 19, 1948. 3722:. November 25, 1948. 2902:Dudley, G.A. (1994). 2776:. February 26, 1947. 2644:. December 18, 1946. 2574:. November 27, 2002. 2462:Yale University Press 2407:Kelsen, Hans (1950). 2331:. foreignpolicy.com. 2305:on September 24, 2010 2267:. December 19, 1948. 1994: 1977:Seton Hall University 1899: 1858:, while US President 1812:which is rung on the 1739: 1731: 1634: 1475: 1326: 1219:peacekeeping missions 1182:Queens–Midtown Tunnel 1019:Valentin A. Gubitchev 982:Long Island Rail Road 749: 742:Proposed alternatives 709:UN Secretary-General 708: 579: 430:, which is seated in 191:40.74944°N 73.96806°W 12163:MacArthur Playground 11806:Modulightor Building 11786:731 Lexington Avenue 11781:599 Lexington Avenue 11771:303 East 51st Street 11766:300 East 57th Street 11761:252 East 57th Street 11733:Secretariat Building 11653:569 Lexington Avenue 11648:525 Lexington Avenue 11643:219 East 49th Street 11542:333 East 38th Street 11537:325 East 38th Street 11532:207 East 36th Street 11527:152 East 38th Street 11522:146 East 38th Street 10775:United Nations Radio 10770:United Nations Medal 10722:University for Peace 10453:Bretton Woods system 10188:governed territories 9933:Developing Countries 9844:Secretariat Building 9713:Specialized agencies 9120:Architectural Record 8501:. Findarticles.com. 8076:on December 11, 2010 7707:on December 28, 2010 7417:Edholm, Ann (2013). 6821:. findarticles.com. 6539:"Official Languages" 6386:on September 4, 2012 6360:on September 4, 2012 5810:Poughkeepsie Journal 5224:. December 4, 1955. 5141:. October 30, 1952. 4173:(October 24, 1949). 4139:. October 11, 1949. 3681:. October 11, 1948. 2718:Architectural Record 2691:on November 18, 2010 2361:on February 25, 2011 2086:New York City portal 1972:Model United Nations 1892:Relocation proposals 1596:Secretariat Building 1572:by Norwegian artist 1559:Norwegian architect 1432:Secretariat Building 1406:For award purposes, 1375:Currency and postage 1043:Secretariat Building 984:reopened the former 479:specialized agencies 426:, but excluding the 250:October 9, 1952 227:Construction started 12260:St. Boniface Church 12153:East River Greenway 12079:Murray Hill Theatre 12004:Belmont Plaza Hotel 11723:Conference Building 11567:Daily News Building 10547:International Years 10512:Genocide Convention 9948:Outer Space Affairs 9943:Disarmament Affairs 9908:Safety and Security 9849:Conference Building 9829:Secretariat offices 9474:Trusteeship Council 8593:New York Daily News 8220:on October 18, 2010 7914:The Washington Post 7837:The Washington Post 7015:Architectural Forum 6928:The Washington Post 6688:. 2001. p. 11. 6608:on November 5, 2011 6602:"UN/Volcker Report" 6088:Bernstein's website 6084:New York Daily News 5950:, pp. 414–415. 4930:. November 30, 1950 4886:(January 8, 1951). 4849:(January 8, 1951). 4381:. October 6, 1949. 4299:. October 5, 1949. 4182:Elmira Star-Gazette 3540:Michigan Law Review 2973:Dudley, George A., 2820:on November 5, 2014 2452:Jackson, Kenneth T. 2100:Architecture portal 1810:Japanese Peace Bell 1718:East River Greenway 1588:and donated by the 1513:Economic and Social 1506:Conference Building 1356:in relation to the 1338:diplomatic immunity 1333:extraterritoriality 1059:Turner Construction 1031:diplomatic immunity 818:Tuskahoma, Oklahoma 611:Wallace K. Harrison 590:Conference Building 379:buildings, and the 196:40.74944; -73.96806 187: / 126:Modern architecture 122:Architectural style 117:General information 12265:St. Gabriel Church 12168:Peter Detmold Park 11957:Trygve Lie Gallery 11906:Sparks Steak House 11708:Turtle Bay Gardens 10567:Official languages 10114:London Declaration 9923:Internal Oversight 9913:Palestinian Rights 9485:Funds, programmes, 9265:UN Visitors Centre 9047:The New York Times 8906:The New York Times 8443:. March 26, 2009. 8323:. United Nations. 8188:The New York Times 8098:. United Nations. 8036:The New York Times 7997:The New York Times 7784:The New York Times 7755:. United Nations. 7729:. United Nations. 7675:The New York Times 7394:. April 22, 2013. 7303:The New York Times 7240:The New York Times 7052:. United Nations. 6854:The New York Times 6582:on August 15, 2010 6481:. March 10, 2020. 6441:The New York Times 6411:The New York Times 6267:The New York Times 6233:The New York Times 6141:The New York Times 6021:The New York Times 5980:The New York Times 5881:The New York Times 5748:The New York Times 5706:The New York Times 5655:The New York Times 5616:The New York Times 5562:The New York Times 5524:The New York Times 5485:The New York Times 5446:The New York Times 5408:The New York Times 5369:The New York Times 5330:The New York Times 5299:The New York Times 5266:The New York Times 5222:The New York Times 5181:The New York Times 5139:The New York Times 5098:The New York Times 5065:"Financing the UN" 5035:The New York Times 4999:The New York Times 4962:The New York Times 4928:Union Springs News 4895:Knickerbocker News 4818:The New York Times 4788:The New York Times 4750:The New York Times 4708:The New York Times 4670:The New York Times 4629:The New York Times 4588:The New York Times 4548:. April 23, 1950. 4546:The New York Times 4505:The New York Times 4456:(April 25, 1950). 4420:The New York Times 4379:The New York Times 4338:The New York Times 4297:The New York Times 4256:The New York Times 4217:. August 2, 1949. 4215:The New York Times 4137:The New York Times 4098:. March 25, 1949. 4096:The New York Times 4017:The New York Times 3975:. April 20, 1949. 3973:The New York Times 3932:The New York Times 3890:The New York Times 3825:The New York Times 3784:The New York Times 3720:The New York Times 3679:The New York Times 3638:The New York Times 3593:The New York Times 3440:. August 6, 1948. 3438:The New York Times 3374:The New York Times 3306:The New York Times 3245:. United Nations. 3220:on October 9, 2007 3142:The New York Times 2869:The New York Times 2774:The New York Times 2642:The New York Times 2539:The New York Times 2495:The New York Times 2383:. United Nations. 2355:"Home | UNON" 2265:The New York Times 2237:The New York Times 2191:The New York Times 2023:North by Northwest 2006: 1998:North by Northwest 1987:In popular culture 1963:and First Avenue. 1902: 1774:, a gift from the 1745: 1734: 1637: 1527:Swedish architect 1480: 1450:. Just inside the 1354:Vladimir Kuznetsov 1350:Aleksandr Yakovlev 1329: 1290:The UN identifies 1260:Michael Adlerstein 1224:The New York Times 1156:The New York Times 1144:Portland limestone 938:Palais de Chaillot 894:Nelson Rockefeller 810:Westchester County 770:Nelson Rockefeller 752: 719: 607:Rockefeller Center 598: 553:Nelson Rockefeller 523:, which contained 517:William Zeckendorf 140:international zone 12515: 12514: 12499: 12498: 12466: 12465: 12462: 12461: 12292: 12291: 12288: 12287: 12173:Ralph Bunche Park 12116: 12115: 12112: 12111: 11864: 11863: 11860: 11859: 11801:Lipstick Building 11693:Trump World Tower 11442: 11441: 11438: 11437: 11349:Mandated Missions 10847: 10846: 10678:UN Art Collection 10654:Millennium Summit 10609:UN Block By Block 10589:Ralph Bunche Park 10557:UN laissez-passer 10517:UN Global Compact 10474:Delivering as One 10373:Secretary-General 10264: 10263: 10244:Indigenous Caucus 10138:Tehran Conference 10132:Moscow Conference 10107:Preparatory years 10076:League of Nations 9976: 9975: 9876:Palace of Nations 9578:UNEP/GRID-Arendal 9394:Secretary-General 9337:Amina J. Mohammed 9324:Secretary-General 9163:978-1-58093-177-9 9140:978-0-8147-0794-4 9086:The U.N. Building 8970:, pp. 25–26. 8788:on March 12, 2012 8652:on April 25, 2012 8417:on March 19, 2011 8391:on April 13, 2011 8280:978-0-8028-6083-5 7999:. June 25, 1950. 7428:978-91-7496-453-0 7345:UN Chronicle 1977 7280:, pp. 37–38. 7278:UN Chronicle 1977 7161:UN Chronicle 1977 6976:on March 19, 2011 6298:Los Angeles Times 5784:Los Angeles Times 5448:. June 24, 1964. 5100:. June 28, 1953. 4940:Fultonhistory.com 4907:Fultonhistory.com 4870:Fultonhistory.com 4858:Cortland Standard 4710:. April 7, 1951. 4484:Fultonhistory.com 4422:. March 2, 1950. 4194:Fultonhistory.com 4071:Fultonhistory.com 4019:. June 20, 1949. 3521:Fultonhistory.com 3376:. April 8, 1948. 2952:978-1-884919-16-9 2915:978-0-262-04137-9 2471:978-0-300-11465-2 2420:978-1-58477-077-0 2325:"Turtle Bay blog" 1953:Ralph Bunche Park 1943:Public gatherings 1867:Cândido Portinari 1828:mosaic depicting 1784:Ralph Bunche Park 1704:In October 2011, 1618:consist of glass 1561:Arnstein Arneberg 1539:Danish architect 1280:COVID-19 pandemic 1172:(UNICEF) and the 1091:Secretary-General 960:(now the site of 882:Independence Hall 800:, Massachusetts; 345:Midtown Manhattan 329: 328: 293:Technical details 234:76 years ago 72:مقر الأمم المتحدة 61:Alternative names 12585: 12472: 12471: 12449:Lexington Avenue 12309: 12308: 12298: 12297: 12255:St. Agnes Church 12188:Trygve Lie Plaza 12133: 12132: 12122: 12121: 12014:Caesar's Retreat 11881: 11880: 11870: 11869: 11796:Citigroup Center 11791:919 Third Avenue 11756:23 Beekman Place 11688:Luxembourg House 11512: 11511: 11501: 11500: 11469: 11462: 11455: 11446: 11445: 11424: 11413: 11400: 11386: 11372: 11359: 11338: 11328: 11314: 11304: 11294: 11284: 11266: 11256: 11246: 11236: 11226: 11216: 11206: 11196: 11186: 11176: 11166: 11156: 11146: 11136: 11126: 11116: 11106: 11096: 11086: 11076: 11066: 11056: 11046: 11036: 11026: 11016: 11006: 10996: 10986: 10976: 10963: 10962: 10953: 10939: 10929: 10914: 10886: 10885: 10884: 10874: 10867: 10860: 10851: 10850: 10840:World portal 10838: 10837: 10744:Biopiracy treaty 10330:Nagorno-Karabakh 10300:Security Council 10283:General Assembly 10210:Human Rights Day 10150:Yalta Conference 10120:Atlantic Charter 10041: 10040: 9997:Founding members 9918:Peace Operations 9802:World Bank Group 9496:Culture of Peace 9487:and other bodies 9440:Security Council 9416:General Assembly 9382:Principal organs 9361: 9360: 9328:António Guterres 9306: 9299: 9292: 9283: 9282: 9254: 9237: 9231: 9222: 9194: 9183: 9155: 9144: 9123: 9122:. 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Archived from 6350: 6344: 6343: 6341: 6339: 6320: 6314: 6313: 6311: 6309: 6289: 6283: 6282: 6280: 6278: 6258: 6249: 6248: 6246: 6244: 6224: 6218: 6217: 6201: 6195: 6194: 6192: 6190: 6171: 6165: 6164: 6162: 6160: 6132: 6126: 6125: 6123: 6121: 6105: 6099: 6081: 6075: 6074: 6072: 6070: 6065:on March 5, 2009 6051: 6045: 6044: 6042: 6040: 6018: 6010: 6004: 6003: 6001: 5999: 5977: 5969: 5963: 5957: 5951: 5945: 5939: 5938: 5911: 5905: 5904: 5902: 5900: 5872: 5863: 5862: 5860: 5858: 5852: 5841: 5832: 5826: 5825: 5823: 5821: 5802: 5796: 5795: 5778: 5772: 5771: 5769: 5767: 5739: 5730: 5729: 5727: 5725: 5697: 5691: 5685: 5679: 5678: 5676: 5674: 5646: 5640: 5639: 5637: 5635: 5607: 5601: 5595: 5586: 5585: 5583: 5581: 5554: 5548: 5547: 5545: 5543: 5515: 5509: 5508: 5506: 5504: 5476: 5470: 5469: 5467: 5465: 5438: 5432: 5431: 5429: 5427: 5399: 5393: 5392: 5390: 5388: 5360: 5354: 5353: 5351: 5349: 5321: 5315: 5314: 5312: 5310: 5291: 5282: 5281: 5279: 5277: 5263: 5255: 5246: 5245: 5243: 5241: 5219: 5211: 5205: 5204: 5202: 5200: 5178: 5169: 5163: 5162: 5160: 5158: 5136: 5128: 5122: 5121: 5119: 5117: 5095: 5087: 5081: 5080: 5078: 5076: 5060: 5054: 5053: 5051: 5049: 5032: 5024: 5018: 5017: 5015: 5013: 4996: 4987: 4981: 4980: 4978: 4976: 4959: 4950: 4944: 4943: 4937: 4935: 4925: 4917: 4911: 4910: 4904: 4902: 4892: 4884:Associated Press 4880: 4874: 4873: 4867: 4865: 4855: 4847:Associated Press 4843: 4837: 4836: 4834: 4832: 4815: 4806: 4800: 4799: 4797: 4795: 4790:. April 21, 1953 4780: 4774: 4773: 4771: 4769: 4747: 4738: 4732: 4731: 4729: 4727: 4700: 4694: 4693: 4691: 4689: 4667: 4659: 4653: 4652: 4650: 4648: 4626: 4618: 4612: 4611: 4609: 4607: 4585: 4576: 4570: 4569: 4567: 4565: 4543: 4535: 4529: 4528: 4526: 4524: 4502: 4494: 4488: 4487: 4481: 4479: 4473: 4462: 4450: 4444: 4443: 4441: 4439: 4417: 4409: 4403: 4402: 4400: 4398: 4376: 4368: 4362: 4361: 4359: 4357: 4335: 4327: 4321: 4320: 4318: 4316: 4294: 4286: 4280: 4279: 4277: 4275: 4253: 4245: 4239: 4238: 4236: 4234: 4212: 4204: 4198: 4197: 4191: 4189: 4179: 4171:Associated Press 4167: 4161: 4160: 4158: 4156: 4134: 4126: 4120: 4119: 4117: 4115: 4093: 4085: 4079: 4078: 4075:Associated Press 4068: 4066: 4056: 4047: 4041: 4040: 4038: 4036: 4014: 4006: 3997: 3996: 3994: 3992: 3970: 3962: 3956: 3955: 3953: 3951: 3929: 3920: 3914: 3913: 3911: 3909: 3887: 3878: 3872: 3871: 3855: 3849: 3848: 3846: 3844: 3822: 3814: 3808: 3807: 3805: 3803: 3781: 3773: 3767: 3766: 3750: 3744: 3743: 3741: 3739: 3717: 3709: 3703: 3702: 3700: 3698: 3676: 3668: 3662: 3661: 3659: 3657: 3635: 3626: 3617: 3616: 3614: 3612: 3590: 3582: 3576: 3575: 3573: 3571: 3531: 3525: 3524: 3518: 3516: 3510: 3499: 3491: 3485: 3484: 3468: 3462: 3461: 3459: 3457: 3435: 3427: 3421: 3420: 3404: 3398: 3397: 3395: 3393: 3371: 3363: 3357: 3356: 3354: 3352: 3337: 3331: 3330: 3328: 3326: 3302: 3294: 3288: 3287: 3285: 3283: 3268: 3262: 3261: 3259: 3257: 3251: 3244: 3236: 3230: 3229: 3227: 3225: 3216:. 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Archived from 2351: 2345: 2344: 2342: 2340: 2321: 2315: 2314: 2312: 2310: 2295: 2289: 2288: 2286: 2284: 2262: 2254: 2248: 2247: 2245: 2243: 2228: 2215: 2214: 2212: 2210: 2188: 2180: 2153: 2150: 2116: 2111: 2110: 2102: 2097: 2096: 2088: 2083: 2082: 2081: 2074: 2069: 2068: 2003:Alfred Hitchcock 1917:Saint Petersburg 1852:Security Council 1806:Dag Hammarskjöld 1760:, a statue of a 1651:Dag Hammarskjöld 1582:Günter Fruhtrunk 1550:Codice del Fuego 766:Thomas J. Watson 728:Lexington Avenue 713:in front of the 711:Dag Hammarskjöld 671:Howard Robertson 468:extraterritorial 424:Security Council 420:General Assembly 416:principal organs 389:Wallace Harrison 377:General Assembly 343:neighborhood of 262: 260: 255: 242: 240: 235: 222: 220: 215: 202: 201: 199: 198: 197: 192: 188: 185: 184: 183: 180: 100: 82: 73: 49:General Assembly 37:Long Island City 33: 21: 20: 12593: 12592: 12588: 12587: 12586: 12584: 12583: 12582: 12518: 12517: 12516: 12511: 12495: 12477: 12458: 12362: 12341:Railroad, ferry 12336: 12303: 12284: 12228: 12192: 12183:St. Vartan Park 12127: 12108: 11992: 11978:Lexington Hotel 11961: 11942:The ImaginAsian 11930: 11901:Shun Lee Palace 11875: 11856: 11830: 11739: 11606: 11587:Manhattan Place 11506: 11495: 11482: 11473: 11443: 11434: 11417:for the Balkans 11344: 10954: 10945: 10894: 10882: 10880: 10878: 10848: 10843: 10832: 10825: 10748: 10439: 10361: 10260: 10161: 10102: 10044:Preceding years 10030: 9983: 9972: 9831:and departments 9830: 9823: 9715: 9706: 9489: 9486: 9478: 9377: 9350: 9315: 9310: 9261: 9229: 9203: 9164: 9141: 9115: 9096: 9080: 9075: 9074: 9064: 9062: 9039: 9035: 9027: 9023: 9015: 9008: 8998: 8996: 8981: 8974: 8966: 8959: 8949: 8947: 8938: 8937: 8933: 8923: 8921: 8898: 8894: 8884: 8882: 8867: 8863: 8853: 8851: 8836: 8832: 8822: 8820: 8805: 8801: 8791: 8789: 8774: 8770: 8760: 8758: 8747: 8743: 8733: 8731: 8730:on May 25, 2011 8722: 8721: 8717: 8707: 8705: 8696: 8695: 8691: 8681: 8679: 8670: 8669: 8665: 8655: 8653: 8644: 8643: 8639: 8629: 8627: 8616: 8612: 8602: 8600: 8585: 8578: 8568: 8566: 8553: 8552: 8548: 8538: 8536: 8523: 8522: 8518: 8508: 8506: 8491: 8487: 8477: 8475: 8464: 8460: 8450: 8448: 8435: 8434: 8430: 8420: 8418: 8409: 8408: 8404: 8394: 8392: 8383: 8382: 8378: 8368: 8366: 8357: 8356: 8352: 8344: 8340: 8330: 8328: 8319: 8318: 8314: 8304: 8302: 8293: 8292: 8288: 8281: 8263: 8259: 8249: 8247: 8238: 8237: 8233: 8223: 8221: 8212: 8211: 8207: 8197: 8195: 8180: 8176: 8166: 8164: 8149: 8145: 8135: 8133: 8120: 8119: 8115: 8105: 8103: 8094: 8093: 8089: 8079: 8077: 8068: 8067: 8063: 8053: 8051: 8028: 8024: 8014: 8012: 7991: 7990: 7986: 7968: 7967: 7963: 7944: 7937: 7911: 7910: 7906: 7887: 7883: 7865: 7864: 7860: 7833: 7826: 7818: 7811: 7801: 7799: 7776: 7772: 7762: 7760: 7751: 7750: 7746: 7736: 7734: 7725: 7724: 7720: 7710: 7708: 7699: 7698: 7694: 7684: 7682: 7670: 7664: 7660: 7652: 7648: 7640: 7636: 7628: 7624: 7614: 7612: 7603: 7602: 7598: 7588: 7586: 7573: 7572: 7568: 7558: 7556: 7552: 7541: 7535: 7531: 7523: 7514: 7506: 7499: 7491: 7487: 7479: 7475: 7465: 7463: 7448: 7444: 7429: 7415: 7411: 7401: 7399: 7386: 7385: 7381: 7373: 7366: 7358: 7351: 7343: 7330: 7320: 7318: 7295: 7284: 7276: 7267: 7257: 7255: 7232: 7228: 7220: 7199: 7189: 7187: 7183: 7176: 7172: 7171: 7167: 7159: 7150: 7142: 7138: 7128: 7126: 7111: 7107: 7092:Interior Design 7088: 7084: 7076: 7072: 7062: 7060: 7056: 7049: 7045: 7044: 7037: 7027: 7025: 7021: 7010: 7006: 7005: 7001: 6993: 6989: 6979: 6977: 6968: 6967: 6963: 6955: 6951: 6924: 6915: 6905: 6903: 6888: 6881: 6871: 6869: 6846: 6839: 6828: 6826: 6809: 6805: 6795: 6793: 6780: 6779: 6775: 6765: 6763: 6750: 6749: 6745: 6735: 6733: 6724: 6723: 6719: 6709: 6707: 6698: 6697: 6693: 6682: 6681: 6677: 6667: 6665: 6656: 6655: 6651: 6641: 6639: 6626: 6625: 6621: 6611: 6609: 6600: 6599: 6595: 6585: 6583: 6574: 6573: 6569: 6561: 6554: 6537: 6536: 6529: 6519: 6517: 6502: 6498: 6488: 6486: 6473: 6472: 6468: 6458: 6456: 6434: 6430: 6420: 6418: 6403: 6399: 6389: 6387: 6378: 6377: 6373: 6363: 6361: 6352: 6351: 6347: 6337: 6335: 6322: 6321: 6317: 6307: 6305: 6290: 6286: 6276: 6274: 6259: 6252: 6242: 6240: 6225: 6221: 6208:. p. 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Truman 1834:The Golden Rule 1830:Norman Rockwell 1768:government and 1751: 1726: 1702: 1664: 1662:Other buildings 1655:Ford Foundation 1647:Ford Foundation 1643: 1629: 1604: 1598: 1508: 1470: 1464: 1452:perimeter fence 1428: 1404: 1377: 1321: 1288: 1215: 1170:Children's Fund 1165: 1139: 1099:Thomas E. Dewey 1008:requested that 1006:Harry S. Truman 998: 910: 880:extending from 792:in California; 784:(including the 778:William O'Dwyer 744: 647:Liang Seu-cheng 623:Gaston Brunfaut 605:necessitated a 574: 525:slaughterhouses 509: 504: 499: 472:U.S. government 450:) in 1980, and 322:Main contractor 258: 256: 253: 251: 238: 236: 233: 231: 218: 216: 213: 211: 195: 193: 189: 186: 181: 178: 176: 174: 173: 151: 112: 52: 17: 12: 11: 5: 12591: 12581: 12580: 12575: 12570: 12565: 12560: 12555: 12550: 12545: 12540: 12535: 12530: 12513: 12512: 12504: 12501: 12500: 12497: 12496: 12494: 12493: 12488: 12482: 12479: 12478: 12476:Related topics 12468: 12467: 12464: 12463: 12460: 12459: 12457: 12456: 12451: 12446: 12441: 12436: 12431: 12426: 12421: 12416: 12411: 12406: 12401: 12396: 12391: 12386: 12381: 12376: 12370: 12368: 12364: 12363: 12361: 12360: 12355: 12350: 12344: 12342: 12338: 12337: 12335: 12334: 12329: 12324: 12318: 12316: 12305: 12304: 12302:Transportation 12294: 12293: 12290: 12289: 12286: 12285: 12283: 12282: 12277: 12272: 12267: 12262: 12257: 12252: 12247: 12242: 12236: 12234: 12230: 12229: 12227: 12226: 12221: 12216: 12211: 12206: 12200: 12198: 12194: 12193: 12191: 12190: 12185: 12180: 12175: 12170: 12165: 12160: 12158:Greenacre Park 12155: 12150: 12145: 12139: 12137: 12129: 12128: 12118: 12117: 12114: 12113: 12110: 12109: 12107: 12106: 12101: 12096: 12091: 12086: 12081: 12076: 12071: 12066: 12061: 12056: 12051: 12046: 12041: 12036: 12031: 12026: 12021: 12016: 12011: 12009:Café Nicholson 12006: 12000: 11998: 11994: 11993: 11991: 11990: 11985: 11980: 11975: 11969: 11967: 11963: 11962: 11960: 11959: 11954: 11949: 11944: 11938: 11936: 11935:Museums/venues 11932: 11931: 11929: 11928: 11923: 11921:Tempura Matsui 11918: 11913: 11908: 11903: 11898: 11893: 11891:P. J. Clarke's 11887: 11885: 11877: 11876: 11866: 11865: 11862: 11861: 11858: 11857: 11855: 11854: 11849: 11844: 11838: 11836: 11832: 11831: 11829: 11828: 11823: 11818: 11813: 11808: 11803: 11798: 11793: 11788: 11783: 11778: 11773: 11768: 11763: 11758: 11753: 11747: 11745: 11741: 11740: 11738: 11737: 11736: 11735: 11730: 11725: 11720: 11710: 11705: 11700: 11695: 11690: 11685: 11680: 11675: 11670: 11665: 11660: 11655: 11650: 11645: 11640: 11635: 11630: 11625: 11620: 11614: 11612: 11608: 11607: 11605: 11604: 11599: 11594: 11589: 11584: 11579: 11574: 11569: 11564: 11562:The Corinthian 11559: 11554: 11549: 11544: 11539: 11534: 11529: 11524: 11518: 11516: 11508: 11507: 11497: 11496: 11487: 11484: 11483: 11472: 11471: 11464: 11457: 11449: 11440: 11439: 11436: 11435: 11433: 11432: 11418: 11407: 11394: 11380: 11366: 11352: 11350: 11346: 11345: 11343: 11342: 11332: 11322: 11308: 11298: 11288: 11278: 11260: 11250: 11240: 11230: 11220: 11210: 11200: 11190: 11180: 11170: 11160: 11150: 11140: 11130: 11120: 11110: 11100: 11090: 11080: 11070: 11060: 11050: 11040: 11030: 11020: 11010: 11000: 10990: 10980: 10969: 10967: 10960: 10956: 10955: 10948: 10946: 10944: 10943: 10933: 10923: 10918: 10908: 10902: 10900: 10896: 10895: 10892:United Nations 10877: 10876: 10869: 10862: 10854: 10845: 10844: 10830: 10827: 10826: 10824: 10823: 10818: 10813: 10808: 10803: 10798: 10790: 10782: 10777: 10772: 10767: 10762: 10756: 10754: 10750: 10749: 10747: 10746: 10741: 10736: 10729: 10724: 10719: 10714: 10709: 10704: 10703: 10702: 10692: 10687: 10686: 10685: 10675: 10674: 10673: 10663: 10658: 10657: 10656: 10646: 10641: 10636: 10631: 10626: 10621: 10616: 10611: 10606: 10601: 10596: 10591: 10586: 10585: 10584: 10574: 10569: 10564: 10559: 10554: 10549: 10544: 10539: 10534: 10529: 10524: 10519: 10514: 10509: 10504: 10503: 10502: 10492: 10487: 10482: 10477: 10470: 10465: 10460: 10455: 10449: 10447: 10441: 10440: 10438: 10437: 10432: 10427: 10426: 10425: 10420: 10415: 10410: 10405: 10400: 10395: 10387: 10386: 10385: 10380: 10369: 10367: 10363: 10362: 10360: 10359: 10358: 10357: 10352: 10350:Western Sahara 10347: 10342: 10337: 10332: 10327: 10322: 10317: 10312: 10307: 10297: 10296: 10295: 10290: 10280: 10274: 10272: 10266: 10265: 10262: 10261: 10259: 10258: 10253: 10248: 10247: 10246: 10241: 10231: 10230: 10229: 10219: 10214: 10213: 10212: 10207: 10197: 10196: 10195: 10190: 10185: 10180: 10169: 10167: 10163: 10162: 10160: 10159: 10153: 10147: 10141: 10135: 10129: 10123: 10117: 10110: 10108: 10104: 10103: 10101: 10100: 10099: 10098: 10093: 10088: 10083: 10073: 10068: 10063: 10058: 10053: 10047: 10045: 10038: 10032: 10031: 10029: 10028: 10027: 10026: 10024:European Union 10016: 10015: 10014: 10004: 9999: 9994: 9988: 9986: 9978: 9977: 9974: 9973: 9971: 9970: 9965: 9960: 9955: 9950: 9945: 9940: 9935: 9930: 9925: 9920: 9915: 9910: 9905: 9904: 9903: 9893: 9888: 9883: 9878: 9873: 9868: 9863: 9861:Envoy on Youth 9858: 9857: 9856: 9851: 9846: 9835: 9833: 9825: 9824: 9822: 9821: 9820: 9819: 9814: 9809: 9799: 9794: 9789: 9784: 9779: 9774: 9769: 9764: 9759: 9754: 9749: 9744: 9739: 9734: 9729: 9724: 9718: 9716: 9711: 9708: 9707: 9705: 9704: 9699: 9694: 9689: 9688: 9687: 9682: 9672: 9667: 9662: 9657: 9652: 9647: 9642: 9637: 9632: 9627: 9622: 9617: 9612: 9607: 9602: 9597: 9592: 9587: 9586: 9585: 9580: 9575: 9565: 9564: 9563: 9553: 9548: 9543: 9538: 9533: 9528: 9523: 9518: 9513: 9508: 9503: 9498: 9492: 9490: 9483: 9480: 9479: 9477: 9476: 9471: 9470: 9469: 9459: 9458: 9457: 9452: 9447: 9437: 9436: 9435: 9425: 9424: 9423: 9413: 9412: 9411: 9406: 9401: 9385: 9383: 9379: 9378: 9376: 9375: 9369: 9367: 9358: 9352: 9351: 9349: 9348: 9346:Dennis Francis 9339: 9330: 9320: 9317: 9316: 9313:United Nations 9309: 9308: 9301: 9294: 9286: 9280: 9279: 9273: 9267: 9260: 9259:External links 9257: 9256: 9255: 9238: 9223: 9201: 9184: 9162: 9145: 9139: 9124: 9108: 9094: 9079: 9076: 9073: 9072: 9033: 9021: 9006: 8972: 8957: 8931: 8892: 8861: 8830: 8799: 8782:Bloomberg News 8768: 8741: 8715: 8689: 8663: 8637: 8610: 8576: 8546: 8516: 8485: 8458: 8428: 8402: 8376: 8350: 8348:, p. 114. 8338: 8312: 8286: 8279: 8257: 8231: 8205: 8174: 8143: 8113: 8087: 8061: 8022: 7984: 7961: 7935: 7904: 7893:. p. 9A. 7881: 7858: 7839:. p. B9. 7824: 7809: 7770: 7744: 7718: 7692: 7658: 7646: 7644:, p. 110. 7634: 7632:, p. 106. 7622: 7596: 7566: 7529: 7527:, p. 107. 7512: 7510:, p. 104. 7497: 7485: 7473: 7442: 7427: 7409: 7379: 7364: 7349: 7328: 7282: 7265: 7226: 7224:, p. 621. 7197: 7165: 7148: 7136: 7105: 7082: 7070: 7047:"UN Directory" 7035: 6999: 6997:, p. 625. 6987: 6961: 6949: 6913: 6879: 6837: 6803: 6773: 6743: 6717: 6691: 6675: 6649: 6619: 6593: 6567: 6552: 6543:United Nations 6527: 6496: 6466: 6428: 6397: 6371: 6345: 6315: 6284: 6250: 6219: 6196: 6166: 6127: 6100: 6076: 6046: 6005: 5964: 5962:, p. 415. 5952: 5940: 5906: 5864: 5827: 5797: 5773: 5731: 5692: 5690:, p. 403. 5680: 5641: 5602: 5600:, p. 414. 5587: 5549: 5510: 5471: 5433: 5394: 5355: 5316: 5283: 5247: 5206: 5164: 5123: 5082: 5055: 5019: 4982: 4945: 4912: 4875: 4838: 4801: 4775: 4733: 4695: 4654: 4613: 4571: 4530: 4489: 4467:. p. 23. 4445: 4404: 4363: 4322: 4281: 4240: 4199: 4162: 4121: 4080: 4042: 3998: 3957: 3915: 3873: 3850: 3809: 3768: 3745: 3704: 3663: 3618: 3577: 3546:(1): 101–110. 3526: 3486: 3463: 3422: 3399: 3358: 3332: 3289: 3263: 3231: 3214:Lehman College 3201: 3168: 3125: 3110: 3079: 3049: 3031:Foreign Policy 3016: 2988: 2979: 2966: 2951: 2933: 2914: 2894: 2855: 2831: 2813:United Nations 2799: 2761: 2738: 2702: 2667: 2629: 2627:, p. 607. 2614: 2597: 2556: 2512: 2477: 2470: 2454:, ed. (2010). 2438: 2419: 2399: 2372: 2346: 2329:Foreign Policy 2316: 2290: 2249: 2216: 2169: 2168: 2166: 2163: 2161: 2158: 2155: 2154: 2144: 2143: 2141: 2138: 2137: 2136: 2130: 2124: 2122:U Thant Island 2118: 2117: 2103: 2089: 2075: 2059: 2056: 2051:The Peacemaker 2017:The Glass Wall 1988: 1985: 1944: 1941: 1893: 1890: 1836:. A full-size 1814:vernal equinox 1747:Main article: 1725: 1724:Art collection 1722: 1701: 1700:Proposed tower 1698: 1663: 1660: 1639:Main article: 1628: 1625: 1600:Main article: 1597: 1594: 1546:Henrik Starcke 1529:Sven Markelius 1507: 1504: 1466:Main article: 1463: 1460: 1427: 1424: 1403: 1400: 1376: 1373: 1320: 1317: 1287: 1284: 1214: 1211: 1164: 1161: 1138: 1135: 1039:groundbreaking 1002:building codes 997: 994: 990:United Nations 962:Lehman College 958:Hunter College 909: 906: 886:Penn's Landing 866:Fairmount Park 743: 740: 699:Max Abramovitz 687:Julio Vilamajó 679:G. A. Soilleux 675:United Kingdom 663:Oscar Niemeyer 655:Sven Markelius 631:Ernest Cormier 573: 570: 508: 505: 503: 500: 498: 495: 397:Oscar Niemeyer 359:to the south, 337:United Nations 327: 326: 323: 319: 318: 312: 308: 307: 303: 302: 299: 295: 294: 290: 289: 286: 282: 281: 279:United Nations 276: 272: 271: 268: 264: 263: 248: 244: 243: 228: 224: 223: 208: 207:Groundbreaking 204: 203: 171: 165: 164: 148: 144: 143: 133: 129: 128: 123: 119: 118: 114: 113: 111: 110: 101: 92: 83: 74: 64: 62: 58: 57: 54: 53: 34: 26: 25: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 12590: 12579: 12576: 12574: 12571: 12569: 12566: 12564: 12561: 12559: 12556: 12554: 12551: 12549: 12546: 12544: 12541: 12539: 12536: 12534: 12531: 12529: 12526: 12525: 12523: 12510: 12507: 12502: 12492: 12489: 12487: 12484: 12483: 12480: 12473: 12469: 12455: 12452: 12450: 12447: 12445: 12444:Beekman Place 12442: 12440: 12437: 12435: 12432: 12430: 12427: 12425: 12422: 12420: 12417: 12415: 12412: 12410: 12407: 12405: 12402: 12400: 12397: 12395: 12392: 12390: 12387: 12385: 12382: 12380: 12379:Second Avenue 12377: 12375: 12372: 12371: 12369: 12365: 12359: 12356: 12354: 12351: 12349: 12346: 12345: 12343: 12339: 12333: 12330: 12328: 12325: 12323: 12320: 12319: 12317: 12314: 12310: 12306: 12299: 12295: 12281: 12278: 12276: 12273: 12271: 12268: 12266: 12263: 12261: 12258: 12256: 12253: 12251: 12248: 12246: 12243: 12241: 12238: 12237: 12235: 12231: 12225: 12222: 12220: 12217: 12215: 12212: 12210: 12207: 12205: 12202: 12201: 12199: 12195: 12189: 12186: 12184: 12181: 12179: 12176: 12174: 12171: 12169: 12166: 12164: 12161: 12159: 12156: 12154: 12151: 12149: 12146: 12144: 12141: 12140: 12138: 12134: 12130: 12123: 12119: 12105: 12102: 12100: 12097: 12095: 12092: 12090: 12087: 12085: 12082: 12080: 12077: 12075: 12072: 12070: 12067: 12065: 12062: 12060: 12057: 12055: 12052: 12050: 12047: 12045: 12042: 12040: 12037: 12035: 12032: 12030: 12027: 12025: 12022: 12020: 12017: 12015: 12012: 12010: 12007: 12005: 12002: 12001: 11999: 11995: 11989: 11986: 11984: 11981: 11979: 11976: 11974: 11971: 11970: 11968: 11964: 11958: 11955: 11953: 11950: 11948: 11947:Japan Society 11945: 11943: 11940: 11939: 11937: 11933: 11927: 11926:Townhouse Bar 11924: 11922: 11919: 11917: 11914: 11912: 11909: 11907: 11904: 11902: 11899: 11897: 11894: 11892: 11889: 11888: 11886: 11882: 11878: 11871: 11867: 11853: 11850: 11848: 11845: 11843: 11840: 11839: 11837: 11833: 11827: 11824: 11822: 11821:The Sovereign 11819: 11817: 11814: 11812: 11809: 11807: 11804: 11802: 11799: 11797: 11794: 11792: 11789: 11787: 11784: 11782: 11779: 11777: 11774: 11772: 11769: 11767: 11764: 11762: 11759: 11757: 11754: 11752: 11749: 11748: 11746: 11744:51st–59th Sts 11742: 11734: 11731: 11729: 11726: 11724: 11721: 11719: 11716: 11715: 11714: 11711: 11709: 11706: 11704: 11703:Turkish House 11701: 11699: 11696: 11694: 11691: 11689: 11686: 11684: 11683:Lescaze House 11681: 11679: 11676: 11674: 11671: 11669: 11668:Beekman Tower 11666: 11664: 11661: 11659: 11656: 11654: 11651: 11649: 11646: 11644: 11641: 11639: 11636: 11634: 11631: 11629: 11626: 11624: 11621: 11619: 11616: 11615: 11613: 11611:42nd–51st Sts 11609: 11603: 11600: 11598: 11595: 11593: 11590: 11588: 11585: 11583: 11580: 11578: 11575: 11573: 11570: 11568: 11565: 11563: 11560: 11558: 11555: 11553: 11550: 11548: 11545: 11543: 11540: 11538: 11535: 11533: 11530: 11528: 11525: 11523: 11520: 11519: 11517: 11515:34th–42nd Sts 11513: 11509: 11502: 11498: 11494: 11493:New York City 11490: 11485: 11481: 11477: 11470: 11465: 11463: 11458: 11456: 11451: 11450: 11447: 11431: 11427: 11423: 11419: 11416: 11412: 11408: 11406: 11403: 11399: 11395: 11393: 11389: 11385: 11381: 11379: 11375: 11371: 11367: 11365: 11362: 11358: 11354: 11353: 11351: 11347: 11341: 11337: 11333: 11331: 11327: 11323: 11321: 11317: 11313: 11309: 11307: 11303: 11299: 11297: 11293: 11289: 11287: 11283: 11279: 11277: 11273: 11269: 11265: 11261: 11259: 11255: 11251: 11249: 11245: 11241: 11239: 11235: 11231: 11229: 11225: 11221: 11219: 11215: 11211: 11209: 11205: 11201: 11199: 11195: 11191: 11189: 11185: 11181: 11179: 11175: 11171: 11169: 11165: 11161: 11159: 11155: 11151: 11149: 11145: 11141: 11139: 11135: 11131: 11129: 11125: 11121: 11119: 11115: 11111: 11109: 11105: 11101: 11099: 11095: 11091: 11089: 11085: 11081: 11079: 11075: 11071: 11069: 11065: 11061: 11059: 11055: 11051: 11049: 11045: 11041: 11039: 11035: 11031: 11029: 11025: 11021: 11019: 11015: 11011: 11009: 11005: 11001: 10999: 10995: 10991: 10989: 10985: 10981: 10979: 10975: 10971: 10970: 10968: 10964: 10961: 10957: 10952: 10942: 10938: 10934: 10932: 10928: 10924: 10922: 10919: 10917: 10913: 10909: 10907: 10904: 10903: 10901: 10897: 10893: 10889: 10875: 10870: 10868: 10863: 10861: 10856: 10855: 10852: 10842: 10841: 10836: 10828: 10822: 10819: 10817: 10814: 10812: 10809: 10807: 10804: 10802: 10799: 10797: 10795: 10791: 10789: 10787: 10783: 10781: 10778: 10776: 10773: 10771: 10768: 10766: 10763: 10761: 10758: 10757: 10755: 10751: 10745: 10742: 10740: 10737: 10735: 10734: 10730: 10728: 10725: 10723: 10720: 10718: 10715: 10713: 10710: 10708: 10705: 10701: 10698: 10697: 10696: 10693: 10691: 10688: 10684: 10681: 10680: 10679: 10676: 10672: 10669: 10668: 10667: 10664: 10662: 10659: 10655: 10652: 10651: 10650: 10647: 10645: 10642: 10640: 10637: 10635: 10632: 10630: 10627: 10625: 10624:Treaty Series 10622: 10620: 10617: 10615: 10612: 10610: 10607: 10605: 10602: 10600: 10597: 10595: 10592: 10590: 10587: 10583: 10580: 10579: 10578: 10575: 10573: 10570: 10568: 10565: 10563: 10560: 10558: 10555: 10553: 10550: 10548: 10545: 10543: 10540: 10538: 10535: 10533: 10530: 10528: 10525: 10523: 10520: 10518: 10515: 10513: 10510: 10508: 10505: 10501: 10498: 10497: 10496: 10493: 10491: 10488: 10486: 10483: 10481: 10478: 10476: 10475: 10471: 10469: 10466: 10464: 10461: 10459: 10456: 10454: 10451: 10450: 10448: 10446: 10442: 10436: 10433: 10431: 10428: 10424: 10421: 10419: 10416: 10414: 10411: 10409: 10406: 10404: 10401: 10399: 10396: 10394: 10391: 10390: 10388: 10384: 10381: 10379: 10376: 10375: 10374: 10371: 10370: 10368: 10364: 10356: 10353: 10351: 10348: 10346: 10343: 10341: 10338: 10336: 10333: 10331: 10328: 10326: 10323: 10321: 10318: 10316: 10313: 10311: 10308: 10306: 10303: 10302: 10301: 10298: 10294: 10291: 10289: 10286: 10285: 10284: 10281: 10279: 10276: 10275: 10273: 10271: 10267: 10257: 10254: 10252: 10249: 10245: 10242: 10240: 10237: 10236: 10235: 10232: 10228: 10225: 10224: 10223: 10220: 10218: 10215: 10211: 10208: 10206: 10203: 10202: 10201: 10198: 10194: 10191: 10189: 10186: 10184: 10181: 10179: 10176: 10175: 10174: 10171: 10170: 10168: 10164: 10157: 10154: 10151: 10148: 10145: 10142: 10139: 10136: 10133: 10130: 10127: 10124: 10121: 10118: 10115: 10112: 10111: 10109: 10105: 10097: 10094: 10092: 10089: 10087: 10084: 10082: 10079: 10078: 10077: 10074: 10072: 10069: 10067: 10064: 10062: 10059: 10057: 10054: 10052: 10049: 10048: 10046: 10042: 10039: 10037: 10033: 10025: 10022: 10021: 10020: 10017: 10013: 10010: 10009: 10008: 10005: 10003: 10000: 9998: 9995: 9993: 9990: 9989: 9987: 9985: 9984:and observers 9979: 9969: 9966: 9964: 9961: 9959: 9956: 9954: 9951: 9949: 9946: 9944: 9941: 9939: 9936: 9934: 9931: 9929: 9928:Legal Affairs 9926: 9924: 9921: 9919: 9916: 9914: 9911: 9909: 9906: 9902: 9899: 9898: 9897: 9894: 9892: 9889: 9887: 9884: 9882: 9879: 9877: 9874: 9872: 9869: 9867: 9864: 9862: 9859: 9855: 9852: 9850: 9847: 9845: 9842: 9841: 9840: 9837: 9836: 9834: 9832: 9826: 9818: 9815: 9813: 9810: 9808: 9805: 9804: 9803: 9800: 9798: 9795: 9793: 9790: 9788: 9785: 9783: 9780: 9778: 9775: 9773: 9770: 9768: 9765: 9763: 9760: 9758: 9755: 9753: 9750: 9748: 9745: 9743: 9740: 9738: 9735: 9733: 9730: 9728: 9725: 9723: 9720: 9719: 9717: 9714: 9709: 9703: 9700: 9698: 9695: 9693: 9690: 9686: 9683: 9681: 9678: 9677: 9676: 9673: 9671: 9668: 9666: 9663: 9661: 9658: 9656: 9653: 9651: 9648: 9646: 9643: 9641: 9638: 9636: 9633: 9631: 9628: 9626: 9623: 9621: 9618: 9616: 9613: 9611: 9608: 9606: 9603: 9601: 9598: 9596: 9593: 9591: 9588: 9584: 9581: 9579: 9576: 9574: 9571: 9570: 9569: 9566: 9562: 9559: 9558: 9557: 9554: 9552: 9549: 9547: 9544: 9542: 9539: 9537: 9534: 9532: 9529: 9527: 9524: 9522: 9519: 9517: 9514: 9512: 9509: 9507: 9504: 9502: 9499: 9497: 9494: 9493: 9491: 9488: 9481: 9475: 9472: 9468: 9465: 9464: 9463: 9460: 9456: 9453: 9451: 9448: 9446: 9443: 9442: 9441: 9438: 9434: 9431: 9430: 9429: 9426: 9422: 9419: 9418: 9417: 9414: 9410: 9407: 9405: 9402: 9399: 9395: 9392: 9391: 9390: 9387: 9386: 9384: 9380: 9374: 9371: 9370: 9368: 9366: 9362: 9359: 9357: 9353: 9347: 9343: 9340: 9338: 9334: 9331: 9329: 9325: 9322: 9321: 9318: 9314: 9307: 9302: 9300: 9295: 9293: 9288: 9287: 9284: 9277: 9274: 9271: 9268: 9266: 9263: 9262: 9252: 9248: 9244: 9239: 9235: 9228: 9224: 9220: 9216: 9212: 9208: 9204: 9202:1-885254-02-4 9198: 9193: 9192: 9185: 9181: 9177: 9173: 9169: 9165: 9159: 9154: 9153: 9146: 9142: 9136: 9133:. NYU Press. 9132: 9131: 9125: 9121: 9114: 9109: 9105: 9101: 9097: 9095:0-500-34216-4 9091: 9087: 9082: 9081: 9060: 9056: 9052: 9048: 9044: 9037: 9031:, p. 26. 9030: 9025: 9019:, p. 25. 9018: 9013: 9011: 8994: 8990: 8986: 8979: 8977: 8969: 8964: 8962: 8945: 8941: 8935: 8919: 8915: 8911: 8907: 8903: 8896: 8880: 8876: 8872: 8865: 8849: 8845: 8841: 8834: 8818: 8814: 8810: 8803: 8787: 8783: 8779: 8772: 8756: 8752: 8745: 8729: 8725: 8719: 8703: 8699: 8693: 8677: 8673: 8667: 8651: 8647: 8641: 8625: 8621: 8614: 8598: 8594: 8590: 8583: 8581: 8564: 8560: 8559:El Espectador 8556: 8550: 8534: 8530: 8526: 8520: 8504: 8500: 8496: 8489: 8473: 8470:. Slate.com. 8469: 8462: 8446: 8442: 8438: 8432: 8416: 8412: 8406: 8390: 8386: 8380: 8364: 8360: 8354: 8347: 8342: 8326: 8322: 8316: 8300: 8296: 8290: 8282: 8276: 8271: 8270: 8261: 8245: 8241: 8235: 8219: 8215: 8209: 8193: 8189: 8185: 8178: 8162: 8158: 8154: 8147: 8131: 8127: 8126:Press Release 8123: 8117: 8101: 8097: 8091: 8075: 8071: 8070:"Collections" 8065: 8049: 8045: 8041: 8037: 8033: 8026: 8010: 8006: 8002: 7998: 7994: 7988: 7980: 7976: 7972: 7965: 7957: 7953: 7949: 7942: 7940: 7931: 7927: 7923: 7919: 7915: 7908: 7900: 7896: 7892: 7885: 7877: 7873: 7869: 7862: 7854: 7850: 7846: 7842: 7838: 7831: 7829: 7822:, p. 64. 7821: 7816: 7814: 7797: 7793: 7789: 7785: 7781: 7774: 7758: 7754: 7748: 7732: 7728: 7722: 7706: 7702: 7696: 7680: 7677:. p. 1. 7676: 7669: 7662: 7656:, p. 83. 7655: 7650: 7643: 7638: 7631: 7626: 7610: 7606: 7600: 7589:September 30, 7584: 7580: 7576: 7570: 7551: 7547: 7540: 7533: 7526: 7521: 7519: 7517: 7509: 7504: 7502: 7495:, p. 88. 7494: 7489: 7483:, p. 84. 7482: 7477: 7461: 7457: 7453: 7446: 7438: 7434: 7430: 7424: 7420: 7413: 7397: 7393: 7389: 7383: 7377:, p. 79. 7376: 7371: 7369: 7362:, p. 19. 7361: 7356: 7354: 7347:, p. 38. 7346: 7341: 7339: 7337: 7335: 7333: 7316: 7312: 7308: 7304: 7300: 7293: 7291: 7289: 7287: 7279: 7274: 7272: 7270: 7253: 7249: 7245: 7241: 7237: 7230: 7223: 7218: 7216: 7214: 7212: 7210: 7208: 7206: 7204: 7202: 7182: 7175: 7169: 7163:, p. 37. 7162: 7157: 7155: 7153: 7146:, p. 70. 7145: 7140: 7124: 7120: 7116: 7109: 7101: 7097: 7093: 7086: 7080:, p. 52. 7079: 7074: 7055: 7048: 7042: 7040: 7020: 7016: 7009: 7003: 6996: 6991: 6975: 6971: 6965: 6959:, p. 44. 6958: 6953: 6945: 6941: 6937: 6933: 6930:. p. 4. 6929: 6922: 6920: 6918: 6901: 6897: 6893: 6886: 6884: 6867: 6863: 6859: 6855: 6851: 6844: 6842: 6824: 6820: 6819: 6814: 6807: 6791: 6787: 6783: 6777: 6761: 6757: 6753: 6747: 6731: 6727: 6721: 6705: 6701: 6695: 6687: 6686: 6679: 6663: 6659: 6653: 6637: 6633: 6629: 6623: 6607: 6603: 6597: 6581: 6577: 6571: 6565:, p. 93. 6564: 6559: 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