98:
304:
helps prevent the SCBA from becoming contaminated. It is worn when vapor-protective clothing (Level A) is not required. Wrists, ankles, facepiece and hood, and waist are secured to prevent any entry of splashed liquid. Depending on the chemical being handled, specific types of gloves and boots are donned. These may or may not be attached to the garment. The garment itself may be one piece or a two-piece hooded suit. Level B protection also requires the wearing of chemical-resistant boots with steel toes and shanks on the outside of the garment. As with Level A, chemical-resistant gloves and two-way radio communications are also required.
449:
377:
174:
33:
258:
the difficulty of the work. Level A (United States) suits, for example, are limited by their air supply to around 15–20 minutes of very strenuous work (such as a firefighting rescue in a building). However, OSHA/EPA protective level A suits/ensembles are not typically used in firefighting rescue, especially during a building/structure fire. National Fire
Protection Association (NFPA) compliant "turnout gear", and NIOSH-certified SCBA, or CBRN SCBA, are the primary protection technologies for structure firefighting in the US.
393:
481:
417:
405:
534:
4572:
1546:
4620:
112:
3655:
1570:
4608:
4596:
4584:
1558:
272:
297:
specially selected chemical-resistant gloves for this level of protection. The breathing apparatus is worn inside (encapsulated within) the suit. To qualify as Level A protection, an intrinsically safe two-way radio is also worn inside the suit, often incorporating voice-operated microphones and an earpiece speaker for monitoring the operations channel.
257:
Working in a hazmat suit is very strenuous, as the suits tend to be less flexible than conventional work garments. With the exception of laboratory versions, hazmat suits can be hot and poorly ventilated (if at all). Therefore, use is usually limited to short durations of up to 2 hours, depending on
512:
These suits are typically constructed of several layers and, being airtight, include a release valve so the suit does not overinflate from air exhaled by the SCBA. The release valve does retain some air to keep some positive pressure ("overpressure") inside the suit. As noted, such suits are usually
317:
Level D protection does not protect the person from chemical exposure. Therefore, this level of protection can only be used in situations where a person has no possibility of contact with chemicals. A pair of coveralls or other work-type garment along with chemical-resistant footwear with steel toes
310:
Level C protection differs from Level B in the area of equipment needed for respiratory protection. The same type of garment used for Level B protection is worn for Level C. Level C protection allows for the use of respiratory protection equipment other than SCBA. This protection includes any of the
296:
The highest level of protection against vapors, gases, mists, and particles is Level A, which consists of a fully encapsulating chemical entry suit with a full-facepiece self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA). A person must also wear boots with steel toes and shanks on the outside of the suit and
303:
Level B protection requires a garment (including SCBA) that provides protection against splashes from a hazardous chemical. Since the breathing apparatus is sometimes worn on the outside of the garment, Level B protection is not vapor-protective. Level B suits can also be fully encapsulating, which
524:
may be something as simple as a headband strap filtering facepiece respirator (FFR); to a head harness negative pressure full face respirator (air-purifying respirator/APR); to a full face, tight fitting, closed breathing air; or open circuit, self-contained breathing apparatus (CC-SCBA or SCBA).
544:
Such suits (level B in the US) are not vapor-tight and thus provide a lesser level of protection. They are, however, worn with an SCBA, which may be located inside or outside of the suit, depending on the type of suit (encapsulating or non-encapsulating). They more closely resemble the one-piece
488:
Hazmat suits come in two variations: splash protection and gastight suits. The splash protection suits are designed to prevent the wearer from coming into contact with a liquid. These suits do not protect against gases or dust. Gastight suits additionally protect against gases and dust.
253:
use, clean air may be supplied through attached hoses. This air is usually pumped into the suit at positive pressure with respect to the surroundings as an additional protective measure against the introduction of dangerous agents into a potentially ruptured or leaking suit.
311:
various types of air-purifying respirators. People should not use this level of protection unless the specific hazardous material is known and its concentration can be measured. Level C equipment does not offer the protection needed in an oxygen deficient atmosphere.
188:
defines a hazmat suit as "an overall garment worn to protect people from hazardous materials or substances, including chemicals, biological agents, or radioactive materials." More generally, hazmat suits may provide protection from:
552:
Lesser protection (level C in the US) suits may be coveralls of treated material, or multi-piece combinations, sealed with tape. This kind of protection is still "proof" against many non-invasive substances, such as
139:
consisting of bird-like beak masks and large overcoats while treating victims of the bubonic plague. At the time, it was thought that the inhalation of "bad air" was the cause of disease (a theory known as the
231:
to prevent contamination even if the suit is damaged or using powered air purifying respirators with full hoods and protective suits to prevent exposure (level C protection level)
464:(Protective Permeable Combat Clothing). There are within the Brazilian military several specialized hazmat regiments. The regiments were deployed during the FIFA 2014 World Cup,
144:), so the bird-like beak masks functioned as respirators that contained aromatic items such as herbs and dried flowers. The modern hazmat suit is believed to originate from the
868:
549:
coveralls often seen used in construction and demolition work. Yet, Level B splash suits may also be fully encapsulating suits which are simply not airtight.
4499:
1085:
505:-tight, providing total encapsulation and the highest level of protection against direct and airborne chemical contact. They are typically worn with a
1097:
356:
905:
185:
4417:
1649:
989:
352:
Type 4: Protects against liquid chemicals for a limited period. Liquid saturation tight. (EN 14605). More or less equivalent to US level C.
1574:
620:
89:, researchers, personnel responding to toxic spills, specialists cleaning up contaminated facilities, and workers in toxic environments.
691:
4249:
363:
346:
460:
Following the
American standards, there are 4 different types of suits, from A to D. The suits are known to the Brazilian military as
376:
851:
336:
516:
With each suit described here, there is a manufactured device designed to protect the respiratory system of the wearer (called a
318:
and shanks are all that is required to qualify as Level D protection. Most firefighter turnout gear is considered to be Level D.
4651:
3780:
3690:
328:
786:
342:
Type 2: Protects against liquid and gaseous chemicals. Non gas tight. (EN 943 part 1). More or less equivalent to US level B.
217:
possibly through radiation shielding in the lining, but more importantly by preventing direct contact with or inhalation of
4407:
1562:
392:
177:
289:
Hazmat protective clothing is classified as any of Level A, B, C, or D, based upon the degree of protection they provide.
3616:
1418:
1141:
97:
4254:
4055:
3901:
3755:
1608:
1015:
950:
575: – Protective measures against hazardous materials warfare, new military equivalent of NBC (now with radiological)
506:
246:
74:
1308:
1020:
927:
898:
416:
1629:
1468:
1453:
1042:
608:
4214:
3572:
4611:
4494:
3765:
1277:
1204:
1027:
605: – Clothing worn by plague doctors that was intended to protect them from infection, historical equivalent
228:
4587:
4304:
3871:
1092:
153:
82:
63:
4646:
4509:
4504:
4484:
1550:
938:
891:
17:
4279:
4234:
1463:
1448:
1120:
1080:
4527:
4259:
4198:
3683:
3626:
1433:
1359:
829:
404:
4239:
3770:
2959:
1495:
1190:
4599:
4557:
4274:
4168:
4080:
3806:
3621:
1199:
1173:
593: – Protective gear used by U.S. military personnel in a toxic environment, military equivalent
520:) while the suit/ensemble is used to protect skin exposed to potential hazardous dermal agents. A
237:
usually by a combination of insulating and reflective materials which reduce the effects (see also
4623:
4244:
4153:
1510:
1478:
1423:
1330:
1246:
1010:
943:
835:
275:
197:
642:
4489:
4382:
4070:
4050:
3881:
3866:
3833:
3631:
2964:
1601:
1062:
590:
453:
370:: Can be used in places where the chemical in gaseous form isn't harmful to the body exterior.
448:
4575:
4427:
4009:
3775:
3676:
2213:
1340:
1318:
1303:
776:
602:
136:
105:
4468:
4422:
4309:
3846:
3841:
3740:
3604:
2664:
1644:
1428:
1323:
465:
282:
2893:
8:
4327:
4183:
4173:
4040:
3969:
3949:
3473:
2041:
1951:
1639:
1515:
1458:
1226:
1209:
1185:
1131:
914:
584:
238:
848:
692:"'They can cost £63k': how the hazmat suit came to represent disease, danger – and hope"
173:
4367:
4352:
4148:
4025:
3876:
3813:
3720:
3190:
2353:
2242:
2208:
2203:
2176:
2046:
1946:
1473:
1313:
1288:
1049:
667:
201:
4532:
4392:
4387:
3989:
3964:
3934:
3636:
3560:
3503:
3409:
3336:
3220:
3016:
2954:
2730:
2715:
2689:
2470:
2299:
2252:
2237:
1961:
1904:
1780:
1634:
1594:
1527:
1522:
1505:
1298:
1219:
1003:
782:
757:
749:
672:
469:
145:
869:"Forças Armadas combatem coronavírus com equipes especializadas em defesa biológica"
4229:
3924:
3641:
3498:
3429:
3414:
3043:
2752:
2198:
2161:
2036:
1971:
1929:
1770:
1251:
739:
729:
718:"Plague Masks: The Visual Emergence of Anti-Epidemic Personal Protection Equipment"
662:
654:
345:
Type 3: Protects against liquid chemicals for a limited period. Liquid jet tight. (
157:
734:
717:
32:
4332:
4224:
4193:
4178:
3974:
3856:
3801:
3735:
3715:
3659:
3587:
3540:
3349:
3205:
3127:
3090:
3026:
2757:
2669:
2654:
2606:
2525:
2520:
2485:
2475:
2392:
2370:
2071:
2031:
1785:
1732:
855:
658:
218:
52:
40:
36:
2888:
4412:
4362:
4264:
4188:
4113:
4065:
4035:
3954:
3886:
3567:
3200:
3031:
3021:
2947:
2866:
2659:
2586:
2423:
2348:
2333:
2284:
2269:
2264:
2225:
2166:
2123:
2116:
2101:
2096:
2091:
1894:
1859:
1373:
1180:
1151:
1032:
423:
128:
3354:
480:
4640:
4552:
4402:
4269:
4143:
4118:
4103:
4060:
3999:
3592:
3582:
3555:
3545:
3515:
3486:
3073:
3036:
3011:
3006:
2601:
2505:
2500:
2397:
2387:
2382:
2338:
2076:
2066:
2011:
1413:
1383:
1293:
1214:
753:
141:
132:
101:
1872:
4458:
4443:
4342:
4133:
4098:
3984:
3959:
3944:
3919:
3914:
3891:
3818:
3745:
3725:
3699:
3599:
3419:
2740:
2626:
2621:
2495:
2433:
2360:
2183:
2006:
1976:
1919:
1678:
1483:
1335:
1256:
1146:
761:
676:
599: – Type of military personal protective equipment, military equivalent
572:
116:
78:
355:
Type 5: Protects against airborne dry particulates for a limited period. (
4463:
4138:
4123:
4030:
4004:
3929:
3909:
3851:
3796:
3750:
3707:
3520:
3481:
3215:
3210:
3175:
3095:
3001:
2876:
2856:
2851:
2789:
2779:
2774:
2762:
2745:
2725:
2720:
2480:
2428:
2418:
2377:
2218:
2171:
2021:
2016:
1914:
1802:
1797:
1715:
1500:
1241:
1236:
1231:
1156:
1136:
566:
278:
149:
120:
533:
4372:
4158:
4128:
4108:
4045:
4015:
3979:
3823:
3730:
3464:
3439:
3434:
3369:
3359:
3263:
3258:
3253:
3248:
3195:
3142:
3048:
2974:
2871:
2834:
2816:
2616:
2565:
2443:
2438:
2402:
2294:
2279:
2138:
2128:
2106:
2081:
1924:
1882:
1832:
1827:
1705:
1490:
1163:
1057:
980:
744:
521:
517:
250:
86:
67:
883:
4397:
4377:
4357:
4347:
4337:
4219:
4163:
4093:
4088:
3939:
3508:
3491:
3399:
3316:
3137:
3109:
2942:
2806:
2767:
2735:
2535:
2490:
2365:
2343:
2133:
1988:
1966:
1837:
1812:
1792:
1438:
1378:
1168:
1037:
643:"History of the Plague: An Ancient Pandemic for the Age of COVID-19"
111:
27:
Protective suit against chemical, bacteriological, and nuclear risks
4453:
4448:
4289:
3861:
3760:
3444:
3389:
3364:
3321:
3306:
3235:
3185:
3180:
3157:
3132:
3122:
3117:
3085:
3068:
2969:
2920:
2883:
2811:
2801:
2710:
2702:
2649:
2591:
2560:
2540:
2448:
2274:
2257:
2232:
2193:
2188:
2111:
2061:
2056:
1998:
1887:
1877:
1817:
1762:
1737:
1688:
1683:
1660:
1617:
998:
614:
596:
335:
Type 1: Protects against liquid and gaseous chemicals. Gas tight. (
70:
whole-body garment worn as protection against hazardous materials.
3654:
3611:
3577:
3550:
3394:
3379:
3374:
3344:
3293:
3283:
3278:
3225:
3170:
3147:
2986:
2932:
2927:
2839:
2796:
2596:
2247:
2153:
1981:
1941:
1934:
1822:
1807:
1720:
581: – Non-toxic and flexible polymer radiation-shielding fabric
554:
513:
limited to just 15–20 minutes of use by their mobile air supply.
617: – Alternative technology to enable extravehicular activity
331:, and divided into a total of six types (levels) of protection:
3668:
3449:
3404:
3326:
3311:
3268:
3165:
3058:
2996:
2981:
2861:
2631:
2581:
2510:
2086:
1956:
1867:
1849:
1775:
1747:
1727:
1710:
1700:
578:
440:
system of norms, EN 943 is equivalent to GOST 12.4.284.2-2014.
205:
77:
to ensure a supply of breathable air. Hazmat suits are used by
281:
wearing hazmat suits with an outer aluminized shell during an
4020:
3454:
3384:
3080:
3053:
2991:
2915:
2844:
2784:
2611:
2515:
2462:
2311:
2051:
2026:
1909:
1899:
1844:
1668:
546:
537:
502:
484:
NASA technicians in SCAPE suits prepare to fuel a spacecraft.
209:
802:
623: – CBRE Response unit in the United States Marine Corps
362:
Type 6: Protects against a light spray of liquid chemicals (
271:
3424:
3301:
3273:
3243:
3063:
2937:
2683:
2316:
2148:
1752:
1742:
1586:
437:
383:
569: – Personal protective equipment used by firefighters
2555:
1695:
1673:
498:
803:"Exploring the Many Uses of Tyvek: A Versatile Material"
249:
to provide clean, uncontaminated air for the wearer. In
127:
An early primitive form of the hazmat suit arose during
587: – Suit designed to protect from high temperatures
641:
Glatter, Kathryn A.; Finkelman, Paul (February 2021).
196:
through the use of appropriate barrier materials like
926:
968:
1276:
4638:
871:. Ministério da Defesa do Brasil. 28 March 2020.
640:
135:of the 16th and 17th centuries wore distinctive
1119:
778:The Dictionary of Homeland Security and Defense
611: – Air-tight industrial protection garment
339:part 1). More or less equivalent to US level A.
327:Most suits used in Europe are covered by a set
1358:
3684:
1602:
899:
452:Different levels of hazmat suits used by the
186:United States Department of Homeland Security
4418:Wildfire suppression equipment and personnel
858:(from the Naval Sea Systems Command website)
119:wearing an early hazmat suit in 1918 during
774:
621:Chemical Biological Incident Response Force
4250:International Association of Fire Fighters
3691:
3677:
1609:
1595:
1569:
906:
892:
398:Level B/type 2 suit. SCBA is outside suit.
743:
733:
666:
366:). More or less equivalent to US level D.
75:self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA)
2701:
715:
532:
479:
447:
270:
172:
148:of 1910–1911, wherein Malayan physician
110:
96:
39:personnel wearing hazmat suits during a
31:
913:
492:
266:
14:
4639:
3472:
227:through fully sealed systems—often at
3672:
1590:
1402:
1357:
1275:
1118:
967:
925:
887:
716:Lynteris, Christos (18 August 2018).
152:promoted the use of various forms of
4583:
4408:Modular Airborne FireFighting System
1557:
861:
824:
822:
820:
689:
528:
462:Roupa Protetora Permeável de Combate
178:Tokyo Metropolitan Police Department
3617:Global trade of secondhand clothing
1419:Breathing performance of regulators
1142:Continuous positive airway pressure
497:Such suits (level A in the US) are
245:The hazmat suit generally includes
73:Such suits are often combined with
24:
4056:Self-contained breathing apparatus
3756:Firefighter assist and search team
1016:Self-contained breathing apparatus
951:Mountaineering breathing apparatus
507:self-contained breathing apparatus
25:
4663:
1309:Surface-supplied diving equipment
1021:Self-contained self-rescue device
928:High altitude breathing apparatus
879:
849:Protective Clothing – Hazmat Gear
817:
509:(SCBA) enclosed within the suit.
4618:
4606:
4594:
4582:
4571:
4570:
3781:Fire department ranks by country
3698:
3653:
1568:
1556:
1545:
1544:
1469:Respiratory protective equipment
1454:Open circuit breathing apparatus
1043:Powered air-purifying respirator
969:Occupational breathing apparatus
647:The American Journal of Medicine
609:Positive pressure personnel suit
415:
403:
391:
375:
4619:
4255:International Firefighters' Day
4215:Candidate Physical Ability Test
830:Hazmat training reveals dangers
163:
3766:Special operations firefighter
1278:Underwater breathing apparatus
1205:Respiratory gas humidification
979:
842:
795:
768:
709:
683:
634:
431:
180:officers wearing hazmat suits.
13:
1:
4652:Personal protective equipment
4305:Wildfire emergency management
3872:Hazardous materials apparatus
775:O'Leary, Margaret R. (2006).
735:10.1080/01459740.2017.1423072
690:Kale, Sirin (26 March 2020).
627:
156:to prevent the spread of the
154:personal protective equipment
83:emergency medical technicians
64:personal protective equipment
1616:
939:Aviation breathing apparatus
659:10.1016/j.amjmed.2020.08.019
443:
322:
7:
4280:World Police and Fire Games
4235:Fire protection engineering
1464:Positive pressure breathing
1449:Negative pressure breathing
1403:
1121:Medical breathing apparatus
560:
468:in Rio de Janeiro, and the
168:
10:
4668:
4528:Glossary of wildfire terms
4260:List of firefighting films
3708:Personnel and organization
3627:List of individual dresses
1434:Escape breathing apparatus
1360:User respiratory interface
1098:GB2626 (China), and others
781:. iUniverse. p. 215.
261:
92:
43:response exercise in 2009.
4566:
4545:
4520:
4477:
4436:
4318:
4297:
4288:
4240:Geography of firefighting
4207:
4079:
3900:
3832:
3789:
3771:Volunteer fire department
3706:
3650:
3533:
3463:
3335:
3292:
3234:
3156:
3108:
2908:
2827:
2697:
2682:
2642:
2574:
2548:
2534:
2461:
2411:
2324:
2310:
2147:
1997:
1858:
1761:
1659:
1624:
1540:
1496:Closed circuit rebreather
1409:
1398:
1366:
1353:
1284:
1271:
1191:Built-in breathing system
1127:
1114:
1093:EN 149/14683/143 (Europe)
1081:42 CFR 84 (United States)
1073:
987:
978:
974:
963:
934:
921:
839:, Monday 19 November 2001
131:epidemics, when European
4558:Template:Fire protection
4275:World Firefighters Games
4169:Gaseous fire suppression
1200:Positive airway pressure
1174:Non-invasive ventilation
475:
4245:History of firefighting
1511:Carbon dioxide scrubber
1479:Constant flow regulator
1331:Atmospheric diving suit
1247:Partial rebreather mask
1011:Supplied-air respirator
944:Emergency oxygen system
854:9 November 2009 at the
836:The Cincinnati Enquirer
276:United States Air Force
4383:Firefighting apparatus
4071:Thermal imaging camera
4051:Secure information box
3867:Firefighting apparatus
3632:Reconstructed clothing
1063:Elastomeric respirator
1028:Particulate respirator
603:Plague doctor's outfit
541:
485:
457:
454:Brazilian Armed Forces
286:
247:breathing air supplies
234:Fire/high temperatures
181:
124:
108:
44:
4428:Wildland water tender
4010:Hydraulic rescue tool
3776:Women in firefighting
1341:Helium reclaim system
1319:Helicopter escape set
1304:Full-face diving mask
536:
483:
451:
422:Type 6 glove made of
382:Level A/type 1 suit.
274:
219:radioactive particles
176:
114:
106:plague doctor costume
100:
35:
4469:Wildland fire module
4423:Wildland fire engine
4310:Wildfire suppression
3847:Fire command vehicle
3842:Airport crash tender
3741:Retained firefighter
3573:Environmental impact
1429:Emergency gas supply
1324:Submarine escape set
722:Medical Anthropology
493:Gas/vapor protection
466:2016 Summer Olympics
410:Level C/type 4 suit.
283:emergency management
267:In the United States
66:that consists of an
62:suit) is a piece of
4647:Environmental suits
4328:Aerial firefighting
4184:Stop, drop and roll
4174:Multiple-alarm fire
4041:Portable water tank
3950:Fire proximity suit
3660:Clothing portal
1516:Semi-closed circuit
1459:Oxygen concentrator
1227:Non-rebreather mask
1210:Supplemental oxygen
1186:Hyperbaric medicine
1132:Anaesthetic machine
915:Breathing apparatus
585:Fire proximity suit
239:fire proximity suit
4368:Fire retardant gel
4353:Fire lookout tower
4026:New York roof hook
3877:Light and air unit
3814:Fire lookout tower
3721:Chief fire officer
1474:Pressure regulator
1289:Open-circuit scuba
1050:Chemical cartridge
805:. 27 February 2024
542:
486:
458:
287:
182:
125:
109:
45:
4634:
4633:
4541:
4540:
4533:List of wildfires
4393:Helicopter bucket
4388:Firefighting foam
3990:Hard suction hose
3935:Fire extinguisher
3925:Fire brigade keys
3666:
3665:
3637:Right to clothing
3561:Halloween costume
3529:
3528:
3504:black lounge suit
3104:
3103:
2904:
2903:
2678:
2677:
2457:
2456:
1584:
1583:
1536:
1535:
1528:Escape respirator
1523:Work of breathing
1506:Oxygen rebreather
1394:
1393:
1349:
1348:
1299:Diving rebreather
1267:
1266:
1220:Reservoir cannula
1110:
1109:
1106:
1105:
959:
958:
788:978-0-595-37819-7
529:Splash protection
470:COVID-19 pandemic
224:Biological agents
146:Manchurian plague
16:(Redirected from
4659:
4622:
4621:
4610:
4609:
4598:
4597:
4586:
4585:
4574:
4573:
4295:
4294:
4230:Fire photography
4012:("Jaws of life")
3970:Fireman's switch
3693:
3686:
3679:
3670:
3669:
3658:
3657:
3642:Vintage clothing
3470:
3469:
3415:Pocket protector
2699:
2698:
2695:
2694:
2655:Bodysuit, infant
2546:
2545:
2327:formal, informal
2322:
2321:
2162:Ceremonial dress
1611:
1604:
1597:
1588:
1587:
1572:
1571:
1560:
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1400:
1399:
1355:
1354:
1273:
1272:
1252:Simple face mask
1116:
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976:
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638:
419:
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158:pneumonic plague
21:
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4516:
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4432:
4333:Controlled burn
4320:
4314:
4284:
4225:Fire engine red
4203:
4194:Two-in, two-out
4149:Fireman's carry
4075:
3975:Flame retardant
3896:
3857:Fire motorcycle
3828:
3802:Fire department
3785:
3736:Station officer
3716:Battalion chief
3702:
3697:
3667:
3662:
3652:
3646:
3588:made-to-measure
3541:Clothing fetish
3525:
3459:
3331:
3288:
3230:
3206:Square leg suit
3152:
3128:Blanket sleeper
3100:
3091:Sleeved blanket
2900:
2823:
2688:
2686:
2674:
2650:Bodysuit, adult
2638:
2570:
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2407:
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1993:
1854:
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1532:
1405:
1390:
1370:Breathing mask
1362:
1345:
1280:
1263:
1123:
1102:
1086:ANSI K13.1-1973
1069:
983:
970:
955:
930:
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912:
882:
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856:Wayback Machine
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386:is inside suit.
380:
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193:Chemical agents
171:
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95:
37:Decontamination
28:
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4363:Fire retardant
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4189:Structure fire
4186:
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4111:
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4066:Smoke detector
4063:
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4018:
4013:
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3997:
3992:
3987:
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3965:Fireman's pole
3962:
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3955:Fire retardant
3952:
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3927:
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3887:Rescue vehicle
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3568:Cross-dressing
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2660:Long underwear
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1374:Full facepiece
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1194:
1193:
1181:Oxygen therapy
1178:
1177:
1176:
1171:
1161:
1160:
1159:
1154:
1152:Bag valve mask
1144:
1139:
1134:
1128:
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1033:N95 respirator
1025:
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985:
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880:External links
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728:(6): 442–457.
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653:(2): 176–181.
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214:Nuclear agents
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133:plague doctors
129:bubonic plague
94:
91:
41:nuclear attack
26:
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4553:Template:Fire
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4495:United States
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4270:Saint Florian
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4208:Miscellaneous
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4144:Fire triangle
4142:
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4130:
4127:
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4104:Dead man zone
4102:
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4008:
4006:
4003:
4001:
4000:Heat detector
3998:
3996:
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3988:
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3903:
3899:
3893:
3890:
3888:
3885:
3883:
3880:
3878:
3875:
3873:
3870:
3868:
3865:
3863:
3860:
3858:
3855:
3853:
3850:
3848:
3845:
3843:
3840:
3839:
3837:
3835:
3831:
3825:
3822:
3820:
3817:
3815:
3812:
3808:
3805:
3804:
3803:
3800:
3798:
3795:
3794:
3792:
3788:
3782:
3779:
3777:
3774:
3772:
3769:
3767:
3764:
3762:
3759:
3757:
3754:
3752:
3749:
3747:
3744:
3742:
3739:
3737:
3734:
3732:
3729:
3727:
3724:
3722:
3719:
3717:
3714:
3713:
3711:
3709:
3705:
3701:
3694:
3689:
3687:
3682:
3680:
3675:
3674:
3671:
3661:
3656:
3649:
3643:
3640:
3638:
3635:
3633:
3630:
3628:
3625:
3623:
3620:
3618:
3615:
3613:
3610:
3606:
3603:
3602:
3601:
3598:
3594:
3593:ready-to-wear
3591:
3589:
3586:
3584:
3583:haute couture
3581:
3580:
3579:
3576:
3574:
3571:
3569:
3566:
3562:
3559:
3557:
3556:creature suit
3554:
3553:
3552:
3549:
3547:
3546:Clothing swap
3544:
3542:
3539:
3538:
3536:
3532:
3522:
3519:
3517:
3514:
3510:
3507:
3505:
3502:
3501:
3500:
3497:
3493:
3490:
3488:
3487:morning dress
3485:
3484:
3483:
3480:
3479:
3477:
3475:
3471:
3468:
3466:
3462:
3456:
3453:
3451:
3448:
3446:
3443:
3441:
3438:
3436:
3433:
3431:
3428:
3426:
3423:
3421:
3418:
3416:
3413:
3411:
3408:
3406:
3403:
3401:
3398:
3396:
3393:
3391:
3388:
3386:
3383:
3381:
3378:
3376:
3373:
3371:
3368:
3366:
3363:
3361:
3358:
3356:
3353:
3351:
3348:
3346:
3343:
3342:
3340:
3338:
3334:
3328:
3325:
3323:
3320:
3318:
3315:
3313:
3310:
3308:
3305:
3303:
3300:
3299:
3297:
3295:
3291:
3285:
3282:
3280:
3277:
3275:
3272:
3270:
3267:
3265:
3262:
3260:
3257:
3255:
3252:
3250:
3247:
3245:
3242:
3241:
3239:
3237:
3233:
3227:
3224:
3222:
3219:
3217:
3214:
3212:
3209:
3207:
3204:
3202:
3199:
3197:
3194:
3192:
3189:
3187:
3184:
3182:
3179:
3177:
3174:
3172:
3169:
3167:
3164:
3163:
3161:
3159:
3155:
3149:
3146:
3144:
3141:
3139:
3136:
3134:
3131:
3129:
3126:
3124:
3121:
3119:
3116:
3115:
3113:
3111:
3107:
3097:
3094:
3092:
3089:
3087:
3084:
3082:
3079:
3075:
3074:dressing gown
3072:
3070:
3067:
3066:
3065:
3062:
3060:
3057:
3055:
3052:
3050:
3047:
3045:
3042:
3038:
3035:
3033:
3030:
3028:
3025:
3023:
3020:
3018:
3015:
3013:
3010:
3008:
3005:
3003:
3000:
2999:
2998:
2995:
2993:
2990:
2988:
2985:
2983:
2980:
2976:
2973:
2971:
2968:
2966:
2963:
2961:
2958:
2957:
2956:
2953:
2949:
2946:
2944:
2941:
2940:
2939:
2936:
2934:
2931:
2929:
2926:
2922:
2919:
2918:
2917:
2914:
2913:
2911:
2907:
2895:
2892:
2890:
2887:
2886:
2885:
2882:
2878:
2875:
2873:
2870:
2868:
2865:
2863:
2860:
2859:
2858:
2855:
2853:
2850:
2846:
2843:
2841:
2838:
2837:
2836:
2833:
2832:
2830:
2826:
2818:
2815:
2814:
2813:
2810:
2808:
2805:
2803:
2800:
2798:
2795:
2791:
2788:
2787:
2786:
2783:
2781:
2778:
2776:
2773:
2769:
2766:
2765:
2764:
2761:
2759:
2756:
2754:
2751:
2747:
2744:
2742:
2739:
2738:
2737:
2734:
2732:
2729:
2727:
2724:
2722:
2719:
2717:
2714:
2712:
2709:
2708:
2706:
2704:
2700:
2696:
2693:
2691:
2685:
2681:
2671:
2668:
2666:
2663:
2661:
2658:
2656:
2653:
2651:
2648:
2647:
2645:
2641:
2633:
2630:
2628:
2625:
2623:
2620:
2619:
2618:
2615:
2613:
2610:
2608:
2605:
2603:
2602:Plastic pants
2600:
2598:
2595:
2593:
2590:
2588:
2585:
2583:
2580:
2579:
2577:
2573:
2567:
2564:
2562:
2559:
2557:
2554:
2553:
2551:
2547:
2544:
2542:
2537:
2533:
2527:
2524:
2522:
2519:
2517:
2514:
2512:
2509:
2507:
2504:
2502:
2499:
2497:
2494:
2492:
2489:
2487:
2484:
2482:
2479:
2477:
2474:
2472:
2469:
2468:
2466:
2464:
2460:
2450:
2447:
2445:
2442:
2440:
2437:
2435:
2432:
2430:
2427:
2425:
2422:
2420:
2417:
2416:
2414:
2410:
2404:
2401:
2399:
2396:
2394:
2391:
2389:
2388:Princess line
2386:
2384:
2381:
2379:
2376:
2372:
2369:
2367:
2364:
2363:
2362:
2359:
2355:
2352:
2351:
2350:
2347:
2345:
2342:
2340:
2339:Bouffant gown
2337:
2335:
2332:
2331:
2329:
2325:Formal, semi-
2323:
2320:
2318:
2313:
2309:
2301:
2298:
2296:
2293:
2291:
2288:
2286:
2283:
2281:
2278:
2277:
2276:
2273:
2271:
2268:
2266:
2263:
2259:
2256:
2254:
2251:
2249:
2246:
2245:
2244:
2241:
2239:
2236:
2234:
2231:
2227:
2224:
2220:
2217:
2216:
2215:
2212:
2210:
2207:
2205:
2202:
2201:
2200:
2197:
2195:
2192:
2190:
2187:
2185:
2182:
2178:
2175:
2173:
2170:
2168:
2165:
2164:
2163:
2160:
2159:
2157:
2155:
2150:
2146:
2140:
2137:
2135:
2132:
2130:
2127:
2125:
2122:
2118:
2115:
2113:
2110:
2108:
2105:
2103:
2100:
2098:
2095:
2093:
2090:
2089:
2088:
2085:
2083:
2080:
2078:
2077:Pedal pushers
2075:
2073:
2070:
2068:
2065:
2063:
2060:
2058:
2055:
2053:
2050:
2048:
2045:
2043:
2040:
2038:
2035:
2033:
2030:
2028:
2025:
2023:
2020:
2018:
2015:
2013:
2010:
2008:
2005:
2004:
2002:
2000:
1996:
1990:
1987:
1983:
1980:
1978:
1975:
1973:
1970:
1968:
1965:
1963:
1960:
1958:
1955:
1953:
1950:
1948:
1945:
1944:
1943:
1940:
1936:
1933:
1931:
1928:
1926:
1923:
1921:
1918:
1916:
1913:
1912:
1911:
1908:
1906:
1903:
1901:
1898:
1896:
1893:
1889:
1886:
1884:
1881:
1879:
1876:
1874:
1871:
1870:
1869:
1866:
1865:
1863:
1861:
1857:
1851:
1848:
1846:
1843:
1839:
1836:
1834:
1831:
1829:
1826:
1824:
1821:
1819:
1816:
1814:
1811:
1810:
1809:
1806:
1804:
1801:
1799:
1796:
1794:
1791:
1787:
1784:
1783:
1782:
1779:
1777:
1774:
1772:
1769:
1768:
1766:
1764:
1760:
1754:
1751:
1749:
1746:
1744:
1741:
1739:
1736:
1734:
1731:
1729:
1726:
1722:
1719:
1717:
1714:
1712:
1709:
1707:
1704:
1702:
1699:
1698:
1697:
1694:
1690:
1687:
1685:
1682:
1680:
1677:
1676:
1675:
1672:
1670:
1667:
1666:
1664:
1662:
1658:
1651:
1648:
1646:
1643:
1641:
1638:
1636:
1633:
1631:
1628:
1627:
1623:
1619:
1612:
1607:
1605:
1600:
1598:
1593:
1592:
1589:
1577:
1576:
1567:
1565:
1564:
1555:
1553:
1552:
1543:
1542:
1539:
1529:
1526:
1524:
1521:
1517:
1514:
1512:
1509:
1507:
1504:
1502:
1499:
1497:
1494:
1493:
1492:
1489:
1485:
1482:
1480:
1477:
1476:
1475:
1472:
1470:
1467:
1465:
1462:
1460:
1457:
1455:
1452:
1450:
1447:
1445:
1442:
1440:
1437:
1435:
1432:
1430:
1427:
1425:
1422:
1420:
1417:
1415:
1414:Breathing gas
1412:
1411:
1408:
1401:
1397:
1385:
1384:orinasal mask
1382:
1380:
1377:
1375:
1372:
1371:
1369:
1368:
1365:
1361:
1356:
1352:
1342:
1339:
1337:
1334:
1332:
1329:
1325:
1322:
1320:
1317:
1316:
1315:
1312:
1310:
1307:
1305:
1302:
1300:
1297:
1295:
1294:Diving helmet
1292:
1290:
1287:
1286:
1283:
1279:
1274:
1270:
1258:
1255:
1253:
1250:
1248:
1245:
1243:
1240:
1238:
1235:
1233:
1230:
1228:
1225:
1221:
1218:
1217:
1216:
1215:Nasal cannula
1213:
1212:
1211:
1208:
1206:
1203:
1201:
1198:
1192:
1189:
1188:
1187:
1184:
1183:
1182:
1179:
1175:
1172:
1170:
1167:
1166:
1165:
1162:
1158:
1155:
1153:
1150:
1149:
1148:
1145:
1143:
1140:
1138:
1135:
1133:
1130:
1129:
1126:
1122:
1117:
1113:
1099:
1096:
1094:
1091:
1087:
1084:
1083:
1082:
1079:
1078:
1076:
1072:
1064:
1061:
1059:
1056:
1055:
1053:
1051:
1048:
1044:
1041:
1039:
1036:
1034:
1031:
1030:
1029:
1026:
1022:
1019:
1018:
1017:
1014:
1012:
1009:
1005:
1002:
1001:
1000:
997:
996:
994:
991:
988:Regulated by
986:
982:
977:
973:
966:
962:
952:
949:
945:
942:
941:
940:
937:
936:
933:
929:
924:
920:
916:
909:
904:
902:
897:
895:
890:
889:
886:
870:
864:
857:
853:
850:
845:
838:
837:
832:
831:
825:
823:
821:
804:
798:
790:
784:
780:
779:
771:
763:
759:
755:
751:
746:
741:
736:
731:
727:
723:
719:
712:
697:
693:
686:
678:
674:
669:
664:
660:
656:
652:
648:
644:
637:
633:
622:
619:
616:
613:
610:
607:
604:
601:
598:
595:
592:
589:
586:
583:
580:
577:
574:
571:
568:
565:
564:
558:
556:
550:
548:
539:
535:
526:
523:
519:
514:
510:
508:
504:
500:
490:
482:
473:
471:
467:
463:
455:
450:
441:
439:
425:
418:
413:
406:
401:
394:
389:
385:
378:
373:
372:
371:
365:
361:
358:
354:
351:
348:
344:
341:
338:
334:
333:
332:
330:
316:
313:
309:
306:
302:
299:
295:
292:
291:
290:
284:
280:
277:
273:
259:
255:
252:
248:
240:
236:
233:
230:
226:
223:
220:
216:
213:
211:
207:
203:
199:
195:
192:
191:
190:
187:
179:
175:
161:
159:
155:
151:
147:
143:
142:miasma theory
138:
134:
130:
122:
118:
113:
107:
103:
102:Plague doctor
99:
90:
88:
84:
80:
76:
71:
69:
65:
61:
59:
55:
50:
42:
38:
34:
30:
19:
4624:
4612:
4600:
4588:
4576:
4485:Ancient Rome
4459:Hotshot crew
4444:Fire lookout
4343:Fire flapper
4134:Fire control
4099:Chimney fire
3994:
3985:Halligan bar
3960:Fire shelter
3945:Fire hydrant
3920:Fire blanket
3915:Escape chair
3892:Water tender
3819:Fire station
3746:Fire marshal
3726:Fire captain
3700:Firefighting
3600:Fur clothing
3420:Pocket watch
2741:British Warm
2716:Chesterfield
2627:boxer shorts
2622:boxer briefs
2354:little black
2289:
2007:Bell-bottoms
1977:sweater vest
1573:
1561:
1549:
1484:Demand valve
1443:
1336:Gas extender
1257:Venturi mask
1147:Resuscitator
863:
844:
834:
828:
807:. Retrieved
797:
777:
770:
725:
721:
711:
699:. Retrieved
696:The Guardian
695:
685:
650:
646:
636:
573:CBRN defense
551:
543:
515:
511:
496:
487:
461:
459:
435:
369:
357:EN ISO 13982
326:
288:
279:firefighters
256:
244:
229:overpressure
183:
164:Capabilities
126:
117:radiographer
79:firefighters
72:
57:
53:
48:
46:
29:
18:Hazmat suits
4478:By location
4464:Smokejumper
4321:and tactics
4199:Ventilation
4139:Fire safety
4124:False alarm
4081:Terminology
4031:PASS device
4005:Hose bridge
3995:Hazmat suit
3930:Fire bucket
3910:Bunker gear
3852:Fire engine
3797:Drill tower
3751:Fire police
3499:Semi-formal
3465:Dress codes
3355:Boutonnière
3337:Accessories
3216:Swim diaper
3211:Swim briefs
3176:Boardshorts
3096:Windbreaker
2857:Suit jacket
2852:Mess jacket
2746:Guards Coat
2665:See-through
2429:Romper suit
1803:Neck gaiter
1798:Neckerchief
1645:Terminology
1501:Counterlung
1444:Hazmat suit
1242:Oxygen tent
1237:Oxygen mask
1232:Oxygen hood
1157:Pocket mask
1137:Bubble CPAP
1074:Regulations
1054:Facepieces
809:27 February
745:10023/16472
567:Bunker gear
432:GOST System
150:Wu Lien-teh
121:World War I
68:impermeable
49:hazmat suit
4641:Categories
4510:Washington
4505:California
4373:Fire trail
4319:Equipment
4159:Flash fire
4129:Fire class
4109:Deluge gun
4046:Rotary saw
4016:Kelly tool
3980:Fog nozzle
3824:Hose tower
3790:Facilities
3731:Fire chief
3440:Suspenders
3435:Sunglasses
3370:Cummerbund
3360:Coin purse
3264:Flip-flops
3259:Dress shoe
3254:Dress boot
3249:Court shoe
3196:Rash guard
3143:Nightshirt
3017:Harrington
2975:pellegrina
2835:Frock coat
2828:Suit coats
2817:Mackintosh
2758:Over-frock
2617:Underpants
2566:Undershirt
2439:Shirtdress
2280:boilersuit
2177:diplomatic
2139:Yoga pants
2129:Sweatpants
2042:High water
2037:Go-to-hell
1930:sleeveless
1883:halterneck
1873:cache-cœur
1793:Lavallière
1640:Technology
1491:Rebreather
1424:Dead space
1164:Ventilator
1058:Smoke hood
992:and others
981:Respirator
628:References
540:coveralls.
522:respirator
518:respirator
251:laboratory
104:wearing a
87:paramedics
4490:Australia
4437:Personnel
4398:Hose pack
4378:Firebreak
4358:Fire rake
4348:Fire hose
4338:Driptorch
4290:Wildfires
4220:Fire camp
4164:Flashover
4094:Barn fire
4089:Backdraft
3940:Fire hose
3902:Equipment
3834:Apparatus
3509:black tie
3492:white tie
3400:Jewellery
3317:Pantyhose
3191:One-piece
3138:Nightgown
3110:Nightwear
2948:Inverness
2943:ferraiolo
2768:shadbelly
2736:Greatcoat
2703:Overcoats
2690:outerwear
2536:Underwear
2491:Miniskirt
2476:Ballerina
2393:Strapless
2371:debutante
2366:ball gown
2344:Coatdress
2285:cleanroom
2243:Religious
2238:Political
2134:Windpants
2072:Parachute
1989:Waistcoat
1967:polo neck
1439:Facepiece
1379:Half mask
1169:Iron lung
1038:Dust mask
754:0145-9740
444:In Brazil
323:In Europe
285:exercise.
4601:Glossary
4577:Category
4546:See also
4454:Helitack
4449:Handcrew
4179:Rollover
4154:Firewall
3862:Fireboat
3761:Handcrew
3516:Informal
3445:Umbrella
3390:Headband
3365:Cufflink
3322:Stocking
3307:Hold-ups
3236:Footwear
3186:Monokini
3181:Dry suit
3158:Swimwear
3133:Negligee
3123:Babygrow
3118:Babydoll
3086:Ski suit
3069:bathrobe
3049:Lab coat
3027:mackinaw
2970:mozzetta
2960:monastic
2921:pinafore
2884:Tailcoat
2812:Raincoat
2592:Leggings
2561:Camisole
2541:lingerie
2449:Sundress
2349:Cocktail
2334:Backless
2275:Workwear
2258:vestment
2253:clerical
2233:Pantsuit
2199:Military
2194:Jumpsuit
2189:Jodhpuri
2167:academic
2154:uniforms
2124:Slim-fit
2112:hotpants
2062:Overalls
2057:Jodhpurs
1999:Trousers
1952:guernsey
1947:cardigan
1888:tube top
1878:crop top
1786:Clerical
1763:Neckwear
1738:Kerchief
1679:baseball
1661:Headwear
1650:Timeline
1635:Industry
1618:Clothing
1575:Glossary
1551:Category
1004:Canister
999:Gas mask
852:Archived
762:30427733
701:23 April
677:32979306
615:Suitport
597:NBC suit
561:See also
364:EN 13034
347:EN 14605
329:EU Norms
200:, heavy
169:Overview
137:costumes
4625:Outline
4589:Commons
4500:History
4413:Pulaski
4298:General
4036:The pig
3612:Fursuit
3578:Fashion
3551:Costume
3534:Related
3474:Western
3395:Handbag
3380:Glasses
3375:Gaiters
3345:Armband
3294:Legwear
3284:Sneaker
3279:Slipper
3226:Wetsuit
3171:Burkini
3148:Pajamas
3032:Norfolk
3022:leather
2987:Cut-off
2933:Cagoule
2928:Blouson
2894:morning
2867:smoking
2840:bekishe
2797:Paletot
2597:Panties
2506:Rah-rah
2501:Prairie
2398:Wedding
2383:Prairie
2361:Evening
2312:Dresses
2248:cassock
2214:service
2117:running
2102:dolphin
2097:dycling
2092:Bermuda
2067:Palazzo
2047:Lowrise
2012:Bondage
1982:twinset
1942:Sweater
1895:Cycling
1808:Necktie
1716:homburg
1630:History
1563:Commons
1404:General
1314:Snorkel
668:7513766
555:anthrax
436:In the
314:Level D
307:Level C
300:Level B
293:Level A
262:Ratings
93:History
56:ardous
4403:McLeod
4265:Muster
3521:Casual
3482:Formal
3450:Wallet
3405:Livery
3385:Gloves
3327:Tights
3312:Garter
3269:Sandal
3221:Trunks
3166:Bikini
3059:Poncho
3044:Jerkin
3037:safari
3012:goggle
3007:flight
2997:Jacket
2982:Coatee
2955:Mantle
2872:sports
2862:Blazer
2780:Ulster
2775:Trench
2763:Riding
2731:Duster
2726:Duffel
2721:Covert
2632:briefs
2582:Diaper
2575:Bottom
2511:Sarong
2496:Pencil
2471:A-line
2463:Skirts
2434:Sheath
2424:Jumper
2412:Casual
2300:scrubs
2290:hazmat
2270:Prison
2265:School
2226:combat
2219:sailor
2087:Shorts
2032:Formal
1962:jersey
1957:hoodie
1920:Henley
1905:Mantle
1868:Blouse
1850:Tippet
1833:school
1828:kipper
1781:Collar
1776:Choker
1748:Turban
1728:Helmet
1711:fedora
1706:bowler
1701:boater
785:
760:
752:
675:
665:
579:Demron
337:EN 943
221:or gas
206:rubber
198:teflon
60:erials
4613:Index
4521:Lists
4119:Draft
4061:Siren
4021:Nomex
3882:Quint
3605:types
3455:Watch
3430:Spats
3201:Sling
3081:Shawl
3054:Parka
2992:Gilet
2965:royal
2916:Apron
2909:Other
2889:dress
2845:rekel
2790:opera
2785:Cloak
2753:Greca
2684:Coats
2670:Teddy
2612:Thong
2516:Skort
2486:Men's
2481:Denim
2419:House
2378:Plain
2317:gowns
2295:space
2172:court
2149:Suits
2052:Jeans
2027:Chaps
2022:Cargo
2017:Capri
1972:shrug
1915:dress
1910:Shirt
1900:Kurta
1845:Scarf
1838:stock
1813:ascot
1771:Bands
1669:Beret
990:NIOSH
547:Tyvek
538:Tyvek
503:vapor
476:Types
210:Tyvek
3807:list
3622:Laws
3425:Sash
3410:Muff
3350:Belt
3302:Sock
3274:Shoe
3244:Boot
3064:Robe
3002:down
2938:Cape
2877:Teba
2807:Polo
2643:Full
2607:Slip
2539:and
2526:Wrap
2521:Tutu
2444:Slip
2403:Wrap
2315:and
2209:mess
2204:full
2184:Folk
2082:Phat
1925:polo
1860:Tops
1818:bolo
1753:Veil
1743:Mask
1733:Hood
1689:knit
1684:flat
811:2024
783:ISBN
758:PMID
750:ISSN
703:2020
673:PMID
591:MOPP
438:GOST
384:SCBA
359:-1).
208:and
184:The
2802:Pea
2711:Car
2687:and
2556:Bra
2549:Top
2151:and
2107:gym
1823:bow
1721:top
1696:Hat
1674:Cap
740:hdl
730:doi
663:PMC
655:doi
651:134
501:or
499:gas
204:or
202:PVC
58:mat
54:haz
4643::
833:–
819:^
756:.
748:.
738:.
726:37
724:.
720:.
694:.
671:.
661:.
649:.
645:.
557:.
472:.
160:.
115:A
85:,
81:,
47:A
3692:e
3685:t
3678:v
1935:T
1610:e
1603:t
1596:v
907:e
900:t
893:v
813:.
791:.
764:.
742::
732::
705:.
679:.
657::
456:.
426:.
349:)
241:)
123:.
51:(
20:)
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