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Hauran Druze Rebellion

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extracted when taxation was not available. Furthermore, one thousand Druze were conscripted into the Ottoman army and scattered throughout the empire. The Druze campaign of 1910 became a starting point to cancel a "policy of exceptions" in Ottoman Syria, later implementing similar measures in Jabal Ajlun, as well as during the
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Sami Pasha used military force and trickery and succeeded in occupying the whole Jabal el-Druze. The rebellion ended with massive casualties among the Druze inhabitants of the Hauran, reaching as much as 10% of the population. The number of killed is put at 2,000 with a similar number of wounded and
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arrived in Damascus in August 1910, leading an Ottoman expeditionary force of some 35 battalions, and began advancing on Druze positions on 18 or 19 September. the first battle took place on 1–2 October, where the Druze were compelled to retreat. A second battle was fought on 12 October, where the
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Following the collapse of the Druze revolt, al-Farouqi launched a campaign to disarm the Druze population - some 10,000 rifles were collected. Al-Farouqi also performed a census of the Hauran area, ordering 200,000 cards from Istanbul for the purpose. Taxes were collected and arrears in cattle
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Sami Pasha al-Farouqi arrived in Damascus in August 1910, leading an Ottoman expeditionary force of some 35 battalions, Though the Druze recognized their inferiority against such a force, several clashes followed. Zuqan al-Atrash led a fierce battle against the Ottomans near
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hundreds of imprisoned, taken into custody in Damascus and Acre. This led to significant depopulation of entire areas within the region. Zuqan, the leader of the revolt, was captured and later executed in 1911 (some sources place his execution in 1910).
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on July 24, 1920. Sultan al-Atrash was gathering his men to fight the French, but the quick succession of events cut his efforts short, as French forces entered Damascus and the country was divided into five states,
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escalated into a clash of arms between the Druze and Ottoman-backed local villagers. A year of truce attempts followed, but failed to achieve any stability in the area and prompting an Ottoman response.
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region, which since the middle of the 19th century has proven a haven of refuge to Druze emigrants from Mount Lebanon, and has become the headquarters of Druze power The Druze family of
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Schsenwald, William L. "The Vilayet of Syria, 1901-1914: A Re-Examination of Diplomatic Documents As Sources." Middle East Journal (1968), Vol 22, No. 1, Winter: p. 73.
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were acknowledged by the new rulers as the feudal lords of southern mount Lebanon. Druze villages spread and prospered in that region, which under
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against the French Mandate between 1925 and 1927, and would remain a prominent figure in Syrian politics, despite the utter defeat of the
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The rebellion in Hauran erupted in May 1909, when a business dispute between Druze chief Yahia bey Atrash in the village of
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is a volcanic plateau, located in southwestern Syria and extending into the northwestern corner of modern-day
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A Guide to Intra-state Wars: An Examination of Civil, Regional, and Intercommunal Wars, 1816-2014
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government won another victory. By 8 November, the rebellion had disintegrated.
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area in the east, and is bounded there by more arid steppe and desert terrains.
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on the west, and is bounded there by the Jordan Rift Valley; it also includes
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Frontiers of the State in the Late Ottoman Empire: Transjordan, 1850-1921
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and raise the Arab flag on the government house on September 29, 1918.
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Druze uprising against Ottoman authority in the Syrian province
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leadership so flourished that it acquired the generic term of
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Origins of the Druze People and Religion, by Philip K. Hitti
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In 1920, al-Atrash family was supporting the short-living
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Dixon, Jeffrey S.; Sarkees, Meredith Reid (2015-08-12).
853:in the Syrian army, the equivalent of the title of 2434:1860 civil conflict in Mount Lebanon and Damascus 626:1860 civil conflict in Mount Lebanon and Damascus 257:. The latter title has since been usurped by the 2739: 873:(later Jabal al-Druze state) being one of them. 877:would later become the rebel commander of the 2172: 1045: 764: 77:Census and disarmament of the Druze in Hauran 937: 864:, which was re-occupied by France after the 986:. Cambridge University Press. p. 192. 288:'s troops used in the Druze rebellion near 189:region and execution of the Druze leaders. 2179: 2165: 1052: 1038: 771: 757: 2414:1585 Ottoman expedition against the Druze 594:1585 Ottoman expedition against the Druze 280: 975: 973: 971: 969: 967: 965: 963: 961: 2740: 2753:Rebellions against the Ottoman Empire 2160: 2111:Kurdish rebellions during World War I 1033: 979: 833:. His forces were the first to enter 265:had nominally governed the region of 1006: 958: 933: 931: 929: 927: 925: 923: 921: 919: 809:in peace as they feared rebellion. 13: 2773:Demographics of the Ottoman Empire 1823:Greek Macedonian rebellion of 1867 1791:Greek Macedonian rebellion of 1854 1097:Uprising of Konstantin and Fruzhin 14: 2789: 916: 2722: 2721: 2710: 2419:Druze Power Struggle (1658–1667) 2253: 1060: 738: 603:Druze Power Struggle (1658–1667) 350: 127: 94: 27: 944:. CQ Press. pp. 353, 354. 841:was in good relations with the 2394:Kisrawan campaigns (1292–1305) 1943:Ilinden–Preobrazhenie Uprising 1927:1896–1897 Macedonian rebellion 1018: 161:2,000 killed and 2,000 wounded 1: 2633:Abu Mohammad Jawad Walieddine 2039:Zaraniq rebellion (1909–1910) 1230:Expeditions against the Druze 1169:Expeditions against the Druze 980:Rogan, E.L. (11 April 2002). 910: 271:Young Turk Revolution of 1908 192: 2459:Druze in Mandatory Palestine 1807:Mount Lebanon civil conflict 1246:Expedition against the Druze 1238:Theodoros Boua Grivas revolt 1217:Expedition against the Druze 1209:Mariovo and Prilep Rebellion 895:1860 Druze–Maronite conflict 323: 276: 7: 2778:Druze in the Ottoman Empire 2758:Rebellions in Ottoman Syria 2439:Mount Lebanon Mutasarrifate 888: 825:. When Arab forces reached 10: 2794: 2768:1909 in the Ottoman Empire 2251: 1089:Sheikh Bedreddin rebellion 782: 269:since 1879. Following the 196: 43:May 1909 – 8 November 1910 2705: 2623: 2587: 2545: 2477: 2381: 2355: 2324: 2303: 2262: 2194: 2186: 2087:Raid on the Sublime Porte 1986: 1863:1878 Macedonian rebellion 1639:Priest Jovica's Rebellion 1591:Greek War of Independence 1543:Kabakçı Mustafa rebellion 1513: 1494:Koča's frontier rebellion 1417: 1196: 1185:Kalender Çelebi rebellion 1124: 1076: 152: 135: 112: 87: 35: 26: 21: 2280:Bahā'a ad-Dīn al-Muqtana 1839:Bulgarian April uprising 1751:Uprising of Dervish Cara 1599:Atçalı Kel Mehmet revolt 1559:Hadži-Prodan's Rebellion 1145:Nur Ali Halife rebellion 211:. The area includes the 68:Massive Druze casualties 2399:Tanukh (Buhtur) dynasty 2373:Ziyarat Al Nabi Shu'ayb 2071:Albanian revolt of 1912 2055:Albanian revolt of 1910 1647:Second Mašići Rebellion 1567:Second Serbian Uprising 1502:Tripolitanian civil war 1470:Patrona Halil Rebellion 1390:Second Tarnovo Uprising 580:Tanukh (Buhtur) dynasty 222:With the advent of the 148:3,000 (Allied Bedouins) 2560:Maronite-Druze dualism 2555:Christianity and Druze 2444:Hauran Druze Rebellion 2031:Hauran Druze Rebellion 1879:Kresna–Razlog Uprising 1847:Razlovtsi insurrection 1703:Belogradchik Rebellion 1535:First Serbian Uprising 1446:The Great Insurrection 1302:First Tarnovo Uprising 1153:Nasir al-Din rebellion 1105:Skanderbeg's rebellion 724:Christianity and Druze 635:Hauran Druze Rebellion 471:Baha al-Din al-Muqtana 293: 171:Hauran Druze Rebellion 113:Commanders and leaders 22:Hauran Druze rebellion 2763:1909 in Ottoman Syria 2680:List of Israeli Druze 2409:Mount Lebanon Emirate 2270:Al-Hakim bi-Amr Allah 1999:Young Turk Revolution 1655:Syrian Peasant Revolt 1177:Baba Zünnun Rebellion 862:Arab Kingdom of Syria 783:Further information: 448:Al-Hakim bi-Amr Allah 305:Sami Pasha al-Farouqi 286:Sami Pasha al-Farouqi 284: 249:(the mountain of the 153:Casualties and losses 119:Sami Pasha al-Farouqi 2697:Persecution of Druze 2660:Druze Arabic dialect 2464:Jaysh al-Muwahhideen 2275:Al-Sayyid al-Tanukhi 1967:Mesopotamia uprising 1831:Herzegovina Uprising 1775:Herzegovina Uprising 1695:Berkovitsa Rebellion 1663:Tripolitanian revolt 1382:Druze power struggle 1225:Revolts of 1565–1572 805:, the Ottomans left 709:Persecution of Druze 226:and the conquest of 2717:Religion portal 2650:Alam al-Din dynasty 2240:Seven Durzi pillars 2119:Uprising in Karbala 2095:Euphrates rebellion 2015:Al-Bejat Revolution 1575:Wallachian Uprising 1462:Uprising in Vučitrn 1406:Karposh's rebellion 1398:Chiprovtsi uprising 1113:Buçuktepe rebellion 745:Religion portal 649:Jaysh al-Muwahhidin 409:Seven Druze pillars 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of Shu'ayb 436:Important figures 181:authority in the 177:uprising against 167: 166: 83: 82: 2785: 2725: 2724: 2715: 2714: 2643:Sultan al-Atrash 2510:John the Baptist 2315:Rasa'il al-Hikma 2257: 2181: 2174: 2167: 2158: 2157: 2147: 2139: 2131: 2123: 2115: 2107: 2099: 2091: 2083: 2075: 2067: 2059: 2051: 2043: 2035: 2027: 2019: 2011: 2003: 1991: 1979: 1971: 1963: 1955: 1947: 1939: 1931: 1923: 1915: 1907: 1903:Ulcinj rebellion 1899: 1891: 1883: 1875: 1867: 1859: 1851: 1843: 1835: 1827: 1819: 1811: 1803: 1795: 1787: 1779: 1771: 1763: 1755: 1747: 1739: 1731: 1723: 1715: 1707: 1699: 1691: 1683: 1675: 1667: 1659: 1651: 1643: 1635: 1627: 1619: 1615:Bilmez Rebellion 1611: 1607:Bosnian uprising 1603: 1595: 1587: 1579: 1571: 1563: 1555: 1547: 1539: 1531: 1518: 1506: 1498: 1490: 1482: 1474: 1466: 1458: 1454:Karamanli revolt 1450: 1442: 1434: 1422: 1410: 1402: 1394: 1386: 1378: 1370: 1362: 1354: 1346: 1342:Abaza rebellions 1338: 1330: 1322: 1318:Mamluk Rebellion 1314: 1306: 1298: 1290: 1282: 1274: 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2236: 2233: 2231: 2228: 2226: 2225:Reincarnation 2223: 2221: 2218: 2216: 2213: 2211: 2210:Ahl at-Tawhīd 2207: 2203: 2202:Al-Muwahhidūn 2200: 2199: 2197: 2193: 2189: 2182: 2177: 2175: 2170: 2168: 2163: 2162: 2159: 2144: 2141: 2136: 2133: 2128: 2125: 2120: 2117: 2112: 2109: 2104: 2101: 2096: 2093: 2088: 2085: 2080: 2077: 2072: 2069: 2064: 2061: 2056: 2053: 2048: 2045: 2040: 2037: 2032: 2029: 2024: 2021: 2016: 2013: 2008: 2005: 2000: 1997: 1996: 1994: 1992: 1985: 1976: 1973: 1968: 1965: 1960: 1957: 1952: 1949: 1944: 1941: 1936: 1935:Cretan Revolt 1933: 1928: 1925: 1920: 1919:Cretan Revolt 1917: 1912: 1911:Brsjak Revolt 1909: 1904: 1901: 1896: 1893: 1888: 1887:Epirus Revolt 1885: 1880: 1877: 1872: 1871:Cretan Revolt 1869: 1864: 1861: 1856: 1853: 1848: 1845: 1840: 1837: 1832: 1829: 1824: 1821: 1816: 1815:Cretan Revolt 1813: 1808: 1805: 1800: 1797: 1792: 1789: 1784: 1783:Epirus Revolt 1781: 1776: 1773: 1768: 1765: 1760: 1757: 1752: 1749: 1744: 1743:Niš Rebellion 1741: 1736: 1735:Cretan Revolt 1733: 1728: 1725: 1720: 1717: 1712: 1709: 1704: 1701: 1696: 1693: 1688: 1685: 1680: 1677: 1672: 1669: 1664: 1661: 1656: 1653: 1648: 1645: 1640: 1637: 1632: 1629: 1624: 1623:Laz rebellion 1621: 1616: 1613: 1608: 1605: 1600: 1597: 1592: 1589: 1584: 1583:Niš Rebellion 1581: 1576: 1573: 1568: 1565: 1560: 1557: 1552: 1549: 1544: 1541: 1536: 1533: 1527: 1524: 1523: 1521: 1519: 1512: 1503: 1500: 1495: 1492: 1487: 1484: 1479: 1478:Serb Uprising 1476: 1471: 1468: 1463: 1460: 1455: 1452: 1447: 1444: 1439: 1436: 1431: 1428: 1427: 1425: 1423: 1416: 1407: 1404: 1399: 1396: 1391: 1388: 1383: 1380: 1375: 1372: 1367: 1364: 1359: 1356: 1351: 1348: 1343: 1340: 1335: 1332: 1327: 1326:Epirus revolt 1324: 1319: 1316: 1311: 1308: 1303: 1300: 1295: 1294:Serb Uprising 1292: 1287: 1286:Himara Revolt 1284: 1279: 1276: 1271: 1268: 1263: 1260: 1255: 1252: 1247: 1244: 1239: 1236: 1231: 1228: 1226: 1223: 1218: 1215: 1210: 1207: 1206: 1204: 1202: 1195: 1186: 1183: 1178: 1175: 1170: 1167: 1162: 1159: 1154: 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501: 497: 494: 493: 486: 485: 477: 474: 472: 469: 468: 463: 460: 458: 457:Hamza ibn Ali 455: 454: 449: 446: 444: 441: 440: 433: 432: 424: 421: 419: 416: 415: 410: 407: 406: 401: 398: 396: 393: 392: 387: 384: 382: 381:Reincarnation 379: 378: 373: 372:Ahl at-Tawhid 369: 368:Al-Muwahhidun 366: 365: 358: 357: 353: 349: 348: 344: 336: 330: 329: 321: 317: 315: 309: 306: 302: 299: 291: 287: 283: 274: 272: 268: 264: 260: 256: 252: 248: 244: 240: 237: 234:in 1516, the 233: 229: 225: 224:Ottoman Turks 220: 218: 214: 213:Golan Heights 210: 206: 200: 199:Ottoman Syria 190: 188: 184: 180: 176: 172: 160: 157: 156: 151: 147: 143: 140: 139: 134: 130: 125: 122: 120: 117: 116: 111: 105: 103: 92: 91: 86: 76: 74: 71:Execution of 70: 67: 66: 65: 62: 59: 58: 54: 50: 47: 46: 42: 39: 38: 34: 30: 25: 20: 2687:Majid Arslan 2595:Syrian Druze 2515:Saint George 2454:Mountain War 2443: 2404:Ma'n dynasty 2389:Wadi al-Taym 2347:Nabi Shu'ayb 2332:Druze Khalwa 2314: 2047:Karak revolt 2030: 1988:Dissolution 1719:Druze revolt 1528:in Belgrade 1486:Orlov Revolt 1430:Edirne event 1345:(1624, 1627) 1020: 1012: 1008: 997:. Retrieved 982: 940: 859: 800: 792:Karak revolt 788: 674:Syrian Druze 634: 585:Ma'n dynasty 499: 318: 310: 303: 295: 254: 251:Ma'an family 246: 221: 202: 170: 168: 144: 106:Druze rebels 88:Belligerents 63: 2368:Eid Al Adha 2325:Holy places 2220:Esotericism 2215:Divine call 2127:Arab Revolt 1990:(1908–1922) 1666:(1835–1858) 1517:(1789–1908) 1505:(1793–1795) 1421:(1700–1789) 1419:Old Regime 1385:(1658–1667) 1377:(1658–1659) 1273:(1590–1610) 1233:(1574–1576) 1200:(1550–1700) 1172:(1523–1524) 1128:(1453–1550) 1080:(1299–1453) 819:Arab Revolt 801:During the 796:Transjordan 785:Arab Revolt 555:Eid al-Adha 521:Mount Druze 514:Holy places 400:Divine Call 395:Esotericism 2742:Categories 2655:Amin Tarif 1066:Rebellions 999:2013-09-01 911:References 476:Al-Tanukhi 193:Background 2356:Holy days 2235:Theophany 2130:(1916–18) 2114:(1914–18) 2010:(1908–10) 1938:(1897–98) 1930:(1896–97) 1922:(1896–97) 1914:(1880–81) 1882:(1878–79) 1834:(1875–77) 1826:(1866–67) 1818:(1866–69) 1778:(1852–62) 1754:(1843–44) 1730:(1838–39) 1658:(1834-35) 1626:(1832–34) 1618:(1832–33) 1610:(1831–33) 1594:(1821–29) 1570:(1815-17) 1538:(1804–13) 1530:(1801–04) 1481:(1737–39) 1449:(1707–11) 1297:(1596–97) 1212:(1564–65) 1108:(1443–68) 1100:(1404–18) 1092:(1416–20) 883:Druze War 879:Druze War 843:Hashemite 813:, son of 548:Holy days 462:Al-Darazi 386:Theophany 324:Aftermath 277:Rebellion 263:Al-Atrash 158:38 to 100 2727:Category 2626:Features 2527:Muhammad 2478:Prophets 2206:Mowahhid 1515:Decline 889:See also 835:Damascus 335:a series 333:Part of 136:Strength 48:Location 2490:Abraham 2382:History 2245:Walayah 2195:Beliefs 1068:in the 851:General 573:History 535:Khalwat 443:Shu'ayb 423:Walayah 361:Beliefs 314:al-Kafr 267:Suwayda 179:Ottoman 2505:Elijah 2290:Shuaib 2230:Taqiya 2146:(1921) 2138:(1916) 2122:(1915) 2106:(1914) 2098:(1913) 2090:(1913) 2082:(1912) 2074:(1912) 2066:(1911) 2058:(1910) 2050:(1910) 2042:(1910) 2034:(1909) 2026:(1909) 2018:(1909) 2002:(1908) 1978:(1907) 1970:(1906) 1962:(1905) 1954:(1905) 1946:(1903) 1906:(1878) 1898:(1878) 1890:(1878) 1874:(1878) 1866:(1878) 1858:(1878) 1850:(1876) 1842:(1876) 1810:(1860) 1802:(1858) 1794:(1854) 1786:(1854) 1770:(1847) 1762:(1845) 1746:(1841) 1738:(1841) 1722:(1838) 1714:(1836) 1706:(1836) 1698:(1836) 1690:(1836) 1682:(1836) 1674:(1836) 1650:(1834) 1642:(1834) 1634:(1833) 1602:(1830) 1586:(1821) 1578:(1821) 1562:(1814) 1554:(1809) 1546:(1807) 1526:Dahije 1497:(1788) 1489:(1770) 1473:(1730) 1465:(1717) 1457:(1711) 1441:(1705) 1433:(1703) 1409:(1689) 1401:(1688) 1393:(1686) 1369:(1656) 1361:(1648) 1353:(1642) 1337:(1623) 1329:(1611) 1321:(1609) 1313:(1600) 1305:(1598) 1289:(1596) 1281:(1594) 1265:(1589) 1257:(1586) 1249:(1585) 1241:(1585) 1220:(1565) 1188:(1527) 1180:(1526) 1164:(1519) 1156:(1518) 1148:(1512) 1140:(1511) 1116:(1446) 1015:, 1924 990:  948:  847:Faisal 560:Ziyara 418:Taqiya 259:Hauran 239:Ma'ans 209:Jordan 205:Hauran 187:Hauran 141:21,000 126:  99:  60:Result 2624:Other 2522:Moses 2500:Khidr 2495:Jesus 2304:Texts 2188:Druze 1078:Rise 855:Pasha 845:Emir 831:Bosra 827:Aqaba 823:Hijaz 489:Texts 343:Druze 290:Daraa 253:) or 243:Ma'an 236:Druze 228:Syria 175:Druze 2532:Noah 2485:Adam 988:ISBN 946:ISBN 337:on 203:The 169:The 40:Date 821:in 794:in 230:by 2744:: 960:^ 918:^ 885:. 857:. 798:. 2317:) 2313:( 2208:- 2204:/ 2180:e 2173:t 2166:v 1053:e 1046:t 1039:v 1002:. 954:. 772:e 765:t 758:v 502:) 498:( 370:-

Index


Jabal ad-Duruz
Zuqan al-Atrash
Ottoman Empire
Sami Pasha al-Farouqi
Zuqan al-Atrash
Executed
Druze
Ottoman
Syrian province
Hauran
Ottoman Syria
Hauran
Jordan
Golan Heights
Jabal ad-Duruz
Ottoman Turks
Syria
Sultan Selim I
Druze
Ma'ans
Ma'an
Ma'an family
Hauran
Al-Atrash
Suwayda
Young Turk Revolution of 1908

Sami Pasha al-Farouqi
Daraa

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