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298:, and others. She did not neglect history or biography, in which she found, as she said, an inexhaustible fund to "feast her mind and gratify her taste." She was fond of novels, the reading of which, in the seclusion of her early years, gave her, she afterwards said, false ideas of life, the "world her imagination made being not what the real world was." Indeed, all her life she felt the lack of thorough training in her youth. By the time she was 20 years of age, few women at that time had read more than she. Her chief delight being in literary pursuits, she eagerly accepted the offer of some gentlemen boarding at her father's house, to teach her Latin, Greek, geography and logic.
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282:, was one of the founders of the town. Her grandfather was a land proprietor. Having prepared for Harvard College his only son Thomas — Hannah's father — he strongly opposed his leaving him, desiring, as he had a delicate constitution, that he should settle upon his large farm. A student by nature, and not particularly fond of agricultural pursuits, Thomas stayed on the farm and opened a shop for the sale of English books and goods. In 1750, he married Elizabeth Clark, who died when Hannah was 11 years of age, leaving five children. The care of Hannah and a younger sister fell upon the eldest daughter Elizabeth, nicknamed "Betty".
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519:, working up her material in the Boston bookshops, since she was unable to purchase or borrow the books she desired to consult. In 1805, there appeared an abridgment of the history of New England, which brought her into conflict with the Rev. Jedidiah Morse, author of the first geography of the U.S., who had published a similar work. A sharp controversy ensued in which the woman's side was championed by several friends, chief among them being Shaw, one of the
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552:, another of the Anthology Club group, who gave her the freedom of his study and library. President John Adams, too, gave her the use of his library, then in his home in Quincy. While this history was progressing, she was obliged to work at straw braiding for her support. But at length, through the energy of some Boston women of station, a small annuity was subscribed for her which rendered her closing years comfortable.
580:, the wife of Boston's mayor, was the "highly esteemed friend" who requested Adams to write her autobiography. This fragmentary account of her life, —less than 50 pages, — edited by Mrs. Lee the year after her death, was written in the hope that it might become a pecuniary benefit to an aged and infirm sister, who for many years had shared her small earnings. It contains a lithograph of the portrait of Adams, which
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338:. From the lacemaking she derived the most profit, and when, after the Revolution, this resource failed, lace then being imported, she had financial difficulties. Soon after, she had the opportunity to tutor three young men of her neighborhood in Latin and Greek; and so well was this work done that one of them afterward said that her tuition principally fitted him for college.
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additions, secured by copyright, then newly established by law, was published in 1791, at the instance of influential Boston friends whom the first issue had made for her. This edition was dedicated to John Adams, then Vice-President of the United States, who had headed its list of subscribers, which included such leading names as
271:
168:
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After became the Pastor of
Brattle Street Church, he, with Mr. Higginson, and Mr. Shaw the active founder of the Athenæum, proposed to Miss Adams, who, from an enfeebled constitution, had begun to grow infirm, to remove to Boston; at the same time procuring for her, through the liberal subscription
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was published in 1784, in accordance with the custom of the time, after subscriptions had been obtained to the' proposal' of the work, sufficient in number to warrant its issue. It was fairly profitable, but owing to a bad bargain with the printer, Adams's returns were slight, A second edition with
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An alphabetical compendium of the various sects which have appeared in the world from the beginning of the
Christian aera to the present day : With an appendix, containing a brief account of the different schemes of religion now embraced among mankind. : The whole collected from the best
825:
A Dictionary of All
Religions and Religious Denominations, Jewish, Heathen, Mahometan and Christian, Ancient and Modern: With an Appendix, Containing a Sketch of the Present State of the World, as to Population, Religion, Toleration, Missions, Etc., and the Articles in which All Christian
285:
Hannah was an extremely timid child. Being delicate in health, she did not attend the neighborhood school, but, under the care of her father, learned at home, namely, reading, writing and arithmetic. She was enthusiastic over poetry, committing much of the works of her favorite poets,
448:
Adams's first literary work was the result of her dissatisfaction with the prejudice of most writers on the various religious sects. Her mind had been turned to the subject by reading a manuscript from
Broughton's Dictionary giving an account of some of the most common of the sects.
306:. However, after the Revolutionary War, when lace was imported, this resource failed, and she was left in a desperate condition. It was at this time that she found financial support in teaching Greek and Latin to three young men living in the vicinity of her home. One of these,
301:
A few years after her mother's death, her father failed in business. Although blessed with the help of her sister
Elizabeth, Hannah felt the need of adding her share to the family support. She turned to sewing, knitting and spinning, finding the most profit, however, in weaving
515:, was written after an experience in country school-teaching, and was published in 1799. In 1801, a third edition of her first work, further enlarged, was brought out. Next, she prepared a volume of selections from various authors under the title of
421:
was Adams' principle work. In it, she gave a comprehensive survey of the various religions of the world. It was a pioneering work in that she represented denominations from the perspective of their adherents, without imposing her own preferences.
620:, Esq. and William Shaw, Esq. were some of its first promoters. This providential interference excited my most lively gratitude to my generous benefactors, and I hope I sensibly felt my deep obligation to the source of all good.
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During this visit at Boston, I received the unexpected intelligence, that a number of benevolent gentlemen had settled an annuity upon me, to relieve me from the embarrassments I had hitherto suffered. The Hon. Josiah Quincy,
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she derived from this not only placed her in a comfortable situation, but enabled her to pay the debts she had contracted during her and her sister's illness, and lended a small sum at interest. In 1799, she published
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The
University of Literature...: A Cyclopædia of Universal Literature, Presenting in Alphabetical Arrangement the Biography, Together with Critical Reviews and Extracts, of Eminent Writers of All Lands and All
566:, was written when she was 70. She drifted cheerfully into old age. She entertained the friends who gathered in her little parlor with recitations of her poetry which she learned in girlhood.
198:
She was the second of five children born to Thomas Adams and
Elizabeth Clark. Born in "humble obscurity" in a remote country town, in part self-educated, she lived at a time when women in
379:, where some of her letters, early editions of her books and her portrait by Chester Harding are kept. Her autobiography, edited with additions by Lee, was published in Boston in 1832.
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for over 40 years. In his autobiography published in the "History of Norton," he said, in reference to Adams: "Under her tuition principally I fitted for college, and was admitted into
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were rarely educated. Suffering from ill-health, often poor and obliged to resort to various occupations for her sustenance, she doggedly pursued her studies. Her father, educated at
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361:, and become Adams's lifelong allies and patrons, establishing in 1809 a modest annuity that would keep her out of poverty. The sponsorship of these gentlemen aided her in preparing
1389:
Linden, Blanche M. G. Silent City on a Hill: Picturesque
Landscapes of Memory and Boston's Mount Auburn Cemetery. Amherst, MA: University of Massachusetts Press, 2007: 197.
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A Summary
History of New-England: From the First Settlement at Plymouth, to the Acceptance of the Federal Constitution. Comprehending a General Sketch of the American War
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345:, with whom she carried on an extensive correspondence. The quality of her scholarship also earned her the respect and friendship of several prominent
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548:(1812), was largely gathered in the Boston Athenæum, by permission of Shaw. She also found a friend and helper in Mr. Buckminster, minister, of the
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Literary
Pilgrimages in New England to the Homes of Famous Makers of American Literature and Among Their Haunts and the Scenes of Their Writings
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on November 12, 1832. Her monument "erroneously proclaims" that she was the cemetery's "First Tenant," but she was, in fact, the ninth.
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206:, kept a small country store, dealing among other things in books. He also boarded some students of divinity, from whom Adams learned
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filled with the volumes. A fourth edition of her first work, with further additions, appeared in 1817, under the broader title of
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An Abridgment of the History of New-England: For the Use of Young Persons: Now Introduced into the Principal Schools in this Town
322:. Once, upon entering the building, he exclaimed, "I'd rather be librarian of Harvard College than emperor of all the Russias".
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Adams was a popular guest in New England society, and once stayed for two weeks at the house of her distant cousin, President
431:
An Alphabetical Compendium of the Various Sects Which Have Appeared from the Beginning of the Christian Era to the Present Day
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318:, July, 1786." . Her father had found solace in books through his ill fortunes, and was happiest when making trips to the
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234:. In gathering materials for this work, among old manuscripts, she seriously impaired her eyesight and had to employ an
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409:(Boston, printed by B. Edes & Sons, no. 42, Cornhill). The second edition was published in 1791 and titled
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and other friends. The portrait was placed in the Boston Athenaeum, which also contains all of Adams's books.
1804:
829:(Public domain ed.). James Eastburn, at the Literary rooms, corner of Broadway and Pine street, N. York.
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Adams belonged to a family which for generations had held important trusts in her native town. Her ancestor,
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Her writings brought her little money, yet they secured her fame and many friends, first among them the
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179:(October 2, 1755 – December 15, 1831) was an American author of books on
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902:(Public domain ed.). Cummings and Hilliard, Bradford and Read, and Isaiah Thomas.
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A Narrative of the Controversy Between the Rev. Jedidiah Morse, D. D., and the Author
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Sheola, Noah Boston Athenaeum Authors, Boston Athenaeum. Retrieved 10 July 2016.
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The History of the Jews: From the Destruction of Jerusalem to the Present Time
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990:. Vol. 10, 16 (Public domain ed.). New England Magazine Company.
357:. These men would soon establish the Anthology Society, precursor to the
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A Collection of American Epitaphs and Inscriptions, with Occasional Notes
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Her birthplace is preserved in Medfield. Her remains were interred at
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A Passionate Usefulness: The Life and Literary Labors of Hannah Adams
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696:(1814) (This refers to a legal dispute she had with Morse in 1801.)
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This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
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This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
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This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
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This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
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This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
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This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
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This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
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This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
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This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
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This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
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This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
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258:. During the later years of her life, she enjoyed a comfortable
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to prepare the copy for the printers. Her most elaborate work,
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A Brief Account of Paganism, Mohammedanism, Judaism, and Deism
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Adams was the first professional author to be a member of the
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This article incorporates text from a publication now in the
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London Society for Promoting Christianity Amongst the Jews
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Culture Club: The Curious History of the Boston Athenaeum
969:(Public domain ed.). John N. McClintock and Company.
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A Dictionary of All Religions and Religious Denominations
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A Dictionary of All Religions and Religious Denominations
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948:. Vol. 2 (Public domain ed.). Silver, Burdett.
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Lee, the friend who assisted with Adams' memoir, added:
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Biography at Unitarian Universalist Association website
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painted a few years before her death at the request of
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759:. Charlottesville: University of Virginia Press, 2004.
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923:(Public domain ed.). S. Marks, Printer. p.
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Who Was Who in America: Historical Volume, 1607–1896.
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1012:. Vol. 1 (Public domain ed.). J.S. Barcus.
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Women in World History: A Biographical Encyclopedia
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780:Adams, Hannah; Lee, Hannah Farnham Sawyer (1832).
676:The Truth and Excellence of the Christian Religion
443:An Account of the Different Religions of the World
250:in 1818 at the expense and for the benefit of the
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881:(Public domain ed.). Hilliard and Metcalf.
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1458:Adams, Hannah, and Hannah Farnham Sawyer Lee.
517:Truth and Excellence of the Christian Religion
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310:, was afterwards the pastor of the church at
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1531:Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography
1045:Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography
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404:was first published in 1784 with the title
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1611:
1584:New International Encyclopedia (1902–1905)
1056:; Peck, H. T.; Colby, F. M., eds. (1905).
752:. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1936.
29:
2221:19th-century American non-fiction writers
2206:18th-century American non-fiction writers
807:(Public domain ed.). London Society.
786:(Public domain ed.). Gray and Bowen.
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850:(Public domain ed.). Hannah Adams.
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629:of a few gentlemen, an annuity for life.
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413:, while the fourth edition was retitled
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963:John N. McClintock and Company (1894).
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1558:The Biographical Dictionary of America
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1081:. University of Massachusetts Press.
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1068:(1st ed.). New York: Dodd, Mead.
984:New England Magazine Company (1894).
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470:, D.D., the Roman Catholic Bishop of
2276:People from Medfield, Massachusetts
2226:19th-century American women writers
2211:18th-century American women writers
1482:Henry Gardiner Adams, ed. (1857). "
1342:John N. McClintock and Company 1894
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1118:. Gale Research Inc. Archived from
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1004:
13:
2271:People from colonial Massachusetts
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14:
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1488:A Cyclopaedia of Female Biography
1414:
1240:New England Magazine Company 1894
1005:Puy, William Harrison De (1896).
727:Chicago: Marquis Who's Who, 1963.
644:
214:, which she subsequently taught.
2296:American women religious writers
2291:Women in the American Revolution
2256:Burials at Mount Auburn Cemetery
2216:19th-century American memoirists
2201:18th-century American historians
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1634:Women in the American Revolution
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833:
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750:Dictionary of American Biography
664:A Summary History of New England
513:A Summary History of New-England
499:A Summary History of New-England
231:A Summary History of New-England
166:
142:A Summary History of New-England
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494:gave it his stamp of approval.
1462:Boston: Gray and Bowen, 1832.
1460:A Memoir of Miss Hannah Adams.
1437:Works by or about Hannah Adams
1245:
1065:New International Encyclopedia
763:
738:The H. W. Wilson Company, 1938
426:was divided into three parts:
1:
2266:Memoirists from Massachusetts
1096:
783:A Memoir of Miss Hannah Adams
741:Adams, O. F. "Hannah Adams."
712:A Memoir of Miss Hannah Adams
600:. She described herself as a
571:A Memoir of Miss Hannah Adams
126:; early United States history
2117:Frederika Charlotte Riedesel
942:Bacon, Edwin Monroe (1902).
745:. August 29, 1912. 827–829.
466:of Harvard College, Rt Rev.
407:authors, ancient and modern.
383:Major literary contributions
349:intellectuals, most notably
35:Portrait of Hannah Adams by
7:
1110:"Adams, Hannah (1755–1831)"
736:American Authors 1600–1900.
708:(1824; second edition 1826)
10:
2317:
2301:Writers from Massachusetts
2236:American religious writers
694:Controversy with Dr. Morse
658:View of Religious Opinions
355:Joseph Stevens Buckminster
332:American Revolutionary War
274:Birthplace of Hannah Adams
2261:Historians of New England
2251:American women memoirists
2246:American women historians
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2020:
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1738:Militiawomen and soldiers
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1662:Mrs. David Wright's Guard
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1466:Accessed October 16, 2007
1073:Wolff, Katherine (2009).
670:Evidences of Christianity
582:Chester Harding (painter)
325:
266:Early years and education
262:, raised by her friends.
256:Hannah Farnham Sawyer Lee
242:since the destruction of
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88:
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62:Province of Massachusetts
44:
28:
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1645:Organizations and events
1048:. New York: D. Appleton.
987:The New England Magazine
639:Cambridge, Massachusetts
97:Cambridge, Massachusetts
82:Brookline, Massachusetts
1978:Elizabeth Willing Powel
1133:(subscription required)
917:Alden, Timothy (1814).
415:Dictionary of Religions
320:Harvard College Library
240:The History of the Jews
189:Medfield, Massachusetts
2281:Protestant theologians
2087:Katharine Greene Amory
1918:Mary Katherine Goddard
1509:A Woman of the Century
896:Adams, Hannah (1814).
878:Letters on the Gospels
875:Adams, Hannah (1824).
844:Adams, Hannah (1799).
822:Adams, Hannah (1817).
801:Adams, Hannah (1840).
743:The Christian Register
732:Embury, Emma Catherine
706:Letters on the Gospels
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564:Letters on the Gospels
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532:Letters on the Gospels
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2097:Margaret Green Draper
1893:Rosanna Waters Farrow
1883:Mary Norris Dickinson
1868:Hannah Mather Crocker
1075:"3, "A Woman Framed""
1059:"Adams, Hannah"
1039:"Adams, Hannah"
966:The Bay State Monthly
714:(1832; autobiography)
652:
635:Mount Auburn Cemetery
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550:Brattle Street Church
544:The material for her
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511:Adams's second work,
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312:Norton, Massachusetts
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185:United States history
93:Mount Auburn Cemetery
2138:Margaret Kemble Gage
1908:Sarah Bradlee Fulton
1828:Sarah Franklin Bache
1652:Daughters of Liberty
1378:Adams & Lee 1832
1366:Adams & Lee 1832
1211:Adams & Lee 1832
1155:Adams & Lee 1832
316:Cambridge University
181:comparative religion
124:Comparative religion
2241:American Unitarians
2008:Hannah Bunce Watson
1968:Mary Lindley Murray
1898:Margaretta Faugères
1823:Hannah White Arnett
688:History of the Jews
546:History of the Jews
528:History of the Jews
451:A View of Religions
424:A View of Religions
419:A View of Religions
411:A View of Religions
402:A View of Religions
389:A View of Religions
363:History of the Jews
246:, was reprinted in
220:A View of Religions
217:Adams' first work,
136:A View of Religions
2286:Protestant writers
1843:Ann Eliza Bleecker
1505:Adams, Miss Hannah
1475:2006-01-18 at the
1451:2016-03-27 at the
1184:, p. 416-420.
826:Denomination Agree
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351:William Smith Shaw
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187:. She was born in
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2112:Catherine Montour
2003:Martha Washington
1998:Mercy Otis Warren
1953:Lucy Flucker Knox
1903:Elizabeth Freeman
1858:Mary Willing Byrd
1657:Edenton Tea Party
1088:978-1-55849-714-6
618:Stephen Higginson
586:Elizabeth Peabody
578:Josiah Quincy III
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75:December 15, 1831
37:Francis Alexander
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1853:Elizabeth Burgin
1735:Continental Army
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773:
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755:Schmidt, G. D.
748:"Hannah Adams."
170:
156:, distant cousin
78:
54:
52:
33:
19:
18:
2316:
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2181:
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2174:
2152:
2126:
2107:Flora MacDonald
2073:
2045:
2016:
1983:Clementina Rind
1958:Sybil Ludington
1878:Esther de Berdt
1833:Penelope Barker
1799:
1790:Prudence Wright
1775:Sally St. Clair
1770:Deborah Sampson
1755:Anna Maria Lane
1750:Margaret Corbin
1737:
1729:
1708:
1680:
1671:
1636:
1631:
1577:
1550:
1523:
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1477:Wayback Machine
1464:googlebooks.com
1453:Wayback Machine
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1213:, p. 1, 2.
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1138:
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1125:
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1036:, eds. (1900).
1020:
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886:
865:
858:
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791:
770:
766:
721:
719:Further reading
647:
594:
574:
562:Her last book,
535:
502:
480:Adoniram Judson
478:, and the Rev.
392:
385:
377:Boston Athenæum
359:Boston Athenæum
328:
268:
204:Harvard College
80:
76:
66:British America
56:
55:October 2, 1755
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16:American author
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2060:Margaret Manny
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2010:
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1995:
1990:
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1938:Ann Wood Henry
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1713:Loyalist spies
1710:
1709:
1707:
1706:
1704:Sarah Townsend
1701:
1696:
1690:
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1686:American spies
1682:
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1446:"Hannah Adams"
1443:
1433:
1432:
1416:
1415:External links
1413:
1411:
1410:
1398:
1382:
1370:
1358:
1356:, p. 63-.
1346:
1344:, p. 368.
1334:
1319:
1304:
1292:
1275:
1254:"Hannah Adams"
1252:Sheola, Noah.
1244:
1242:, p. 366.
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645:Selected works
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609:Jedidiah Morse
593:
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521:Anthology Club
501:
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464:Joseph Willard
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2131:Mixed loyalty
2129:
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2122:Mollie Sneden
2120:
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2070:Rebecca Young
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1590:: 103. 1905.
1589:
1585:
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1580:Adams, Hannah
1576:
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1553:Adams, Hannah
1549:
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1526:Adams, Hannah
1522:
1518:
1514:
1511:: 6–7. 1893.
1510:
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1484:Adams, Hannah
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1396:
1395:1-55849-571-1
1392:
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1379:
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1225:, p. 68.
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1054:Gilman, D. C.
1051:
1047:
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1040:
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1031:
1030:Wilson, J. G.
1026:
1025:public domain
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131:Notable works
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89:Resting place
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2231:Adams family
2050:Flag makers
1913:Emily Geiger
1863:Polly Cooper
1818:Hannah Adams
1817:
1785:Tyonajanegen
1667:Spinning bee
1587:
1583:
1565:: 39. 1906.
1562:
1556:
1538:: 14. 1900.
1535:
1529:
1508:
1487:
1459:
1408:, p. 1.
1401:
1385:
1373:
1361:
1349:
1337:
1332:, p. 1.
1317:, p. 1.
1302:, p. 1.
1295:
1290:, p. 1.
1266:. Retrieved
1262:the original
1257:
1247:
1218:
1206:
1124:. Retrieved
1120:the original
1113:
1104:
1078:
1063:
1043:
1018:Bibliography
1007:
986:
965:
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592:Private life
575:
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545:
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531:
527:
516:
512:
510:
498:
492:Jared Sparks
487:
468:John Carroll
462:, President
460:John Hancock
456:Samuel Adams
450:
447:
442:
437:
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388:
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239:
229:
218:
216:
197:
191:and died in
177:Hannah Adams
176:
175:
140:
134:
77:(1831-12-15)
23:Hannah Adams
2196:1831 deaths
2191:1755 births
2143:Jane McCrea
2092:Molly Brant
2038:Mary Waters
1988:Molly Stark
1928:Betsy Hager
1888:Mary Draper
1780:Jane Thomas
1745:Anne Bailey
1699:Anna Strong
764:Attribution
474:, the Rev.
336:bobbin lace
330:During the
308:Pitt Clarke
304:bobbin lace
280:Henry Adams
200:New England
2185:Categories
2148:Nancy Ward
2065:Betsy Ross
1993:Jane Tuers
1963:Jane Mecom
1948:Mammy Kate
1933:Nancy Hart
1838:Kate Barry
1795:Betty Zane
1725:Miss Jenny
1596:Q115296397
1571:Q115296241
1496:Q115296044
1406:Adams 1814
1354:Wolff 2009
1330:Adams 1824
1315:Adams 1840
1300:Adams 1799
1288:Adams 1817
1223:Alden 1814
1182:Bacon 1902
1097:References
598:John Adams
484:saddlebags
476:Henry Ware
236:amanuensis
183:and early
154:John Adams
104:Occupation
51:1755-10-02
2079:Loyalists
1973:Nonhelema
1943:Anne Hupp
1760:Mary Hays
1720:Ann Bates
1694:Agent 355
1544:Q83399796
1517:Q96743288
1126:8 January
1034:Fiske, J.
605:Christian
602:Unitarian
472:Baltimore
244:Jerusalem
225:emolument
193:Brookline
161:Signature
150:Relatives
39:, c. 1828
2170:Category
1805:Patriots
1592:Wikidata
1567:Wikidata
1540:Wikidata
1513:Wikidata
1492:Wikidata
1473:Archived
1449:Archived
1199:Puy 1896
365:(1812).
139:(1784);
112:Language
58:Medfield
1439:at the
1268:10 July
1027::
292:Thomson
260:annuity
120:Subject
115:English
2022:Nurses
1594:
1569:
1542:
1515:
1494:
1393:
1085:
1003::
982::
961::
940::
915::
894::
873::
854:
842::
820::
799::
778::
702:(1817)
690:(1812)
684:(1807)
678:(1804)
672:(1801)
666:(1799)
660:(1784)
347:Boston
326:Career
294:, and
288:Milton
248:London
145:(1799)
107:Author
99:, U.S.
84:, U.S.
1490:: 7.
576:Mrs.
523:men.
296:Young
212:Latin
208:Greek
1391:ISBN
1270:2016
1128:2013
1083:ISBN
1009:Ages
852:ISBN
530:and
353:and
210:and
72:Died
45:Born
1582:".
1555:".
1528:".
1507:".
1486:".
734:",
637:in
2187::
1586:.
1561:.
1534:.
1322:^
1307:^
1278:^
1256:.
1230:^
1189:^
1162:^
1139:^
1112:.
1077:.
1062:.
1042:.
1032:;
925:68
611:.
490:.
458:,
417:.
290:,
95:,
64:,
60:,
1766:)
1762:(
1626:e
1619:t
1612:v
1598:.
1588:1
1578:"
1573:.
1563:1
1551:"
1546:.
1536:1
1524:"
1519:.
1503:"
1498:.
1272:.
1130:.
1091:.
927:.
860:.
730:"
53:)
49:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
